2020年北京市海淀区高三英语二模试题(含答案)
2020届北京市海淀区高考英语二模试卷解析版
高考英语二模试卷题号I II III IV V总分得分一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）1.Reading books，______ takes readers to other worlds，is a wonderful way to enjoy life．（ ）A. thatB. whatC. asD. which2.---What makes you a history major？---Interest．I _____ it because my high school history teacher influenced me a lot．（ ）A. lovedB. had lovedC. loveD. have loved3.The average Facebook user in the United States has 245 friends， according to Link toFacebook study．" a study ______ in February．（ ）A. publishingB. publishedC. publishD. to publish4.As the intelligence of robots increases to match ________ of humans，we may use them to expand our frontiers．（ ）A. itB. thatC. whichD. them5.---Have you received your new shoes？---Yes．And at the same time I got the jacket I _____．（ ）A. had orderedB. orderedC. have orderedD. order6. A mistake _____ have been made on our bill．We didn't order any fish today．（ ）A. shouldB. wouldC. mustD. could7.One doesn't have to look far to realize the direct connection smoking and cancer．（ ）A. ofB. withC. toD. between8.She came to Beijing on April 28，_____ Mayday's concert in the Bird's Nest．（ ）A. to expectB. expectingC. expectedD. expect9.---Is dinner ready？---Not yet．The main course ______．It needs another ten minutes．（ ）A. was not doneB. had not doneC. is not doneD. has not done10.House prices vary from place to place and are usually high _____ there are famous schools．（ ）A. whereB. sinceC. whenD. whether11.You don't need to make fancy foods to impress guests-it is something simple but good _____ will do．（ ）A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who12.More than ten people _____ in their own homes during the first 3 months of this year．（ ）A. were gassedB. had been gassedC. are gassedD. have been gassed13.I actually believe that we _____ in Xi'an now if you hadn't been caught drunk driving last month．（ ）A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. had been14.At no time I would blame you for your being slow in your English study．（ ）A. I saidB. said IC. I did sayD. did I say15.One of the glorious moments in my school life was I was awarded the Mayor's Award．（ ）A. whyB. howC. thatD. when二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AUntil last spring，Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood went to school on Bus 59．But as fuel prices rose，the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs ．So the school's busing company redrew its route map，canceling Nia's bus．Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a"walking school bus"-a group of kids，supervised （监护）by an adult or two，who make the walk together．Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school，partly because many did so themselves．According to a 1979 survey，nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school ，compared with only 16 percent in 2011．Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic，crime or simple bullying，but with organized adult supervision，those concerns have reduced．Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save．In rural areas where busing is a must，some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks．Busing companies instruct drivers to cancel extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling（挂空挡）．They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes，which aren't always the shortest ones．There could be disadvantages，however，to the busing cutbacks．If every formerly bused student begins walking to school，it's an environmental win-but if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead，the overall carbon footprint can grow．Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks．A 2011 report concluded students are 13times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car，since buses have fewer accidents and withstand（承受）them better due to their size．And some students complain about the long morning hikes，particularly when the route contains a really big hill．16.In regards to walking to school，modern parents seem much concerned with the ______ ．A. safety of their kidsB. kids'physical strengthC. time spent on the wayD. changes in the route17.To save money，some schools choose to ______ ．A. shorten the school weekB. take the shortest routesC. stop using school busesD. use fuel-efficient buses18.Busing cutbacks may lead to ______ ．A. fewer complaints about long morning hikesB. more students taking public transportationC. an increase in carbon dioxide emissionsD. a decrease in the safety of school busesBA metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison．It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects．With a simple metaphor，one object becomes the other：Love is a rose．Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image，a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language．The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment．Consequently，what the poet imagineslove to be may or may not be our understanding of love．Therefore，the poet's job is to enable us to experience it，to feel it the same way as the poet does．Let's analyze this remarkably simple metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers．Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose，first we must examine the characteristics of that flower．A rose is impressive in its beauty，its petals（花瓣）are nicely soft，and its smell is pleasing．It's possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight，touch，and smell．The rose's appearance seems to border on perfection，each petal seemingly equal in form．Isn't this the way one's love should be？A loved one should be a delight to one's senses and seem perfect．However，there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose．Roses have thorns．The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky．So can love，the metaphor tells us．When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection，ouch，a thorn can cause great harm! "Be careful，" the metaphor warns，"Love is a feast to the senses，but it can overwhelm us，and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering．" This is the poet's understanding of love-an admonition （劝诫）．What is the point？Just this：It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor．19.According to the passage，a metaphor is a ______ ．A. description of two similar objects in a poetic wayB. literary device specially employed in poetry writingC. contrast between two different things to create a vivid imageD. comparison between two different objects with similar features20.As is meant by the author，thorns of a rose ______ ．A. add a new element to the image of loveB. protect the rose from harmC. symbolize reduced loveD. cause acute suffering21.It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is ______ ．A. difficult to understandB. rich in meaningC. simple to useD. perfect in form22.The main idea of this passage is that ______ ．A. love is a rose in metaphorB. a rose is a good image in poetryC. a metaphor is a great poetic deviceD. a poet should be careful to use a metaphorCOn my first job as a sports editor for the Montpelier Leader Enterprise，I didn't get a lot of fan mail，so I was intrigued by a letter plopped on my desk one morning．The envelope bore the logo of the closest big-city paper，the Toledo Blade．When I opened it，I read："Sweet piece of writing on the Tigers．Keep up the good work．"It was signed by Don Wolfe，the sports editor．Because I was a teenager （being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch），his words could not have been more exciting．I kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got rag-eared．Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer，I would reread Don's note and walk on air again．Later，when I got to know him，I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quick，encouraging word to people in all walks of life．"When I make others feel good aboutthemselves，" he told me，"I feel good，too．"Why are upbeat note writers in such short supply？My guess is that many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious．They are afraid they will be misunderstood，soundold-fashioned or flattering．Also，writing takes time and it is far easier to pick up the phone ．The drawback with phone calls，of course，is that they do not last．A note attaches more importance to our well-wishing．It is a matter of record，and our words can be read more than once，appreciated，and treasured．What does it take to write notes that lift spirits and warm hearts？Perhaps just a desire and a willingness to express our appreciation．The most successful people write notes that are short on words and long on feeling，sincere，short，specific，and usually spontaneous in nature．It is difficult to be spontaneous，however，when you have to hunt for letter writing materials；so，keep paper，envelopes，and stamps close at hand，even when you travel ．Fancy stationery is not necessary；it's the thought that counts．So，who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval？A neighbor，your librarian，a relative，your mate，a teacher，or your doctor？You do not need to be poetic．If you need a reason，look for a milestone，the anniversary of a special event you shared，a birthday，or holiday，and do not hold back your praise．Such words as："greatest，" "smartest，" "prettiest" make us all feel good．Even if your praises run a little ahead of reality ，remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled．23.On seeing the letter on the desk，the author felt ______ ．A. annoyedB. curiousC. doubtfulD. shocked24.According to the author，many people don't write upbeat notes mainly because they are______ ．A. afraid of being out of dateB. too shy to flatter othersC. prepared to make phone callsD. too concerned about what others think25.It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______ ．A. praises often run ahead of realityB. praises help in pursuing a dreamC. parents often write upbeat notesD. parents expect children's success26.What might be the suitable title for the passage？______A. The Power of a Positive NoteB. Notes Help to Fulfill DreamsC. The Necessity of Writing NotesD. Note or Phone，Your Own ChoiceDHomeownership has let us down．For generations，Americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good．Our political leaders hammered home the point．Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was "unconquerable．" Homeownership could even save babies，save children，save families and save America．A house with a lawn and a fence wasn't just a nice place to live in or a risk-free investment；it was a way to transform a nation ．No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy．But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent：Indeed，easy lendingstimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis．Housing remains a drag on the economy．Existing-home sales in April dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a double-dip．And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped．The real story is deeper and darker still．For the better part of a century，politics，industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house．Homeownership has done plenty of good over the decades；it has provided stability to tens of millions of families．Yet by idealizing the act of buying a home，we have ignored the downsides．In the bubble years，lending standards slipped dramatically，allowing many Americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing．And we ignored longer-term phenomena too．Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods．It fed America's overuse of energy and oil．It made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another．Perhaps worst of all，it helped us become casually self-deceiving：By telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores，we avoided dealing with these frightening issues head-on．Now，as the U．S．recovers from the biggest housing bust（破产）since the Great Depression，it is time to rethink how realistic our expectations of homeownership are-and how much money we want to spend chasing them．Many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs．27.Political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because______ ．A. owning a home was undoubtedly goodB. homeownership was unconquerableC. houses could save families and AmericaD. homeownership could shape a country28.The underlined sentence in Para．2 means ______ ．A. homeownership has quite a lot of bad effectsB. there might be another housing breakdown in the U．S．C. the existing-home sales will keep decreasing in the U．S．D. the result of homeownership is much worse than it appears29.It can be inferred from Para．3 that ______ ．A. it is hard for Americans to get a home loanB. it is the way to wealth to have one's own houseC. many Americans choose to live out of urban areasD. homeownership has made many people out of work30.What is the author's attitude towards homeownership？______A. Favorable．B. Ambiguous．C. Cautious．D. Optimistic．三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）"Look it up in the dictionary"is the usual comment when people are in doubt about the meaning or spelling of a word．Dictionaries are considered the final authority on these matters as well as on pronunciations and other facts about a word．Until a few hundred years ago，however，people could not"look it up"because there were no English dictionaries．The ancient Greeks and Romans and the scholars of the Middle Ages had made lists of Latin and Greek words．(1) The first great English dictionary listing both common and uncommon words was written by Samuel Johnson in 1755．In America，the most famous name in dictionary writing is that of Noah Webster．He stressed American rather than British ways of speaking．His great dictionary，which first appeared in 1828，has been republished many times．(2) The latest edition is stillconsidered"the"dictionary．It defines over 450，000 words，including radar，television and many others undreamed of by Webster．(3) The huge ones that rest on stands in libraries are called unabridged，meaning"not shortened．"They tell not only a word's meaning and spelling but also its pronunciation，origin ，history，part of speech，grammatical forms，and ways of use．The smaller ones do not provide all this information．(4) A bilingual dictionary，such as a Spanish-English dictionary，translates words from one language into another．A thesaurus lists other words that mean the same as each listed word．A gazetteer lists place names，and a glossary is a small dictionary in a book defining technical words in that book．There are also dictionaries of scientific terms and ones on many other topics．There is even a dictionary of slang．(5) The dictionary is one of our most valuable language tools．A．Each time，it has been updated．B．General dictionaries are not the only kind．C．Thus there are many kinds of special dictionaries．D．In a general dictionary，each word may have multiple meanings．E．Dictionaries that list all kinds of words are known as general dictionaries．F．Over the previous 150 years more than 20dictionaries had been published．G．But it was not until 1604that a book of uncommon English words appeared．31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G33. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G34. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G35. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G四、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Education from My Father My memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life．But there are(36)that I am often reminded of and which may have had some bearing on my love of(37)．When I was small I was somewhat(38) of lightning and thunder．My father explained it．The explanation was in(39) that a child could understand but was basically correct．I gained a better (40)later，but I didn't have to unlearn anything．What he said was that there was electricity in the cloud(41)it traveled to the ground like a spark ．When it traveled(42)the air it made the air so hot that it(43)．Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in to(44) the space．He clapped his hands together very loud，(45)to be the air rushing in，and said that makes the thunder．When I hear thunder，I can still hear that (46)．He explained why if it was cloudy in the winter the night was warmer than if it was(47)．It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars：no moon，no town lights．But there were more stars than you could (48)and they had color too．He said that if there were no clouds，we had no blankets and were(49) to the universe．Our warmth was going to (50)the whole universe．When there were clouds，they were like blankets and we were not exposed to the universe．I (51) feel on the edge of space on a very clear night．I am sure there were many other lessons that I(52) but no longer remember．What I did(53)，in general，was that there were explanations and that the more I understood the m，the more comfortable the world was to live in．I was not taught that there were (54)but that there was understanding if you looked for it．This may be why I have always been(55) in science．36. A. others B. few C. some D. all37. A. science B. nature C. weather D. universe38. A. sure B. fond C. tired D. afraid39. A. depth B. words C. gestures D. data40. A. understanding B. knowledge C. command D. confidence41. A. but B. and C. for D. or42. A. above B. to C. along D. through43. A. shone B. burned C. expanded D. broke44. A. fill B. make C. avoid D. break45. A. trying B. proving C. hoping D. pretending46. A. clap B. remark C. voice D. crash47. A. cold B. bright C. clear D. foggy48. A. explore B. foresee C. imagine D. identify49. A. committed B. exposed C. related D. led50. A. heat B. protect C. extend D. light51. A. ever B. also C. even D. still52. A. selected B. arranged C. absorbed D. delivered53. A. consider B. promise C. explain D. learn54. A. memories B. blankets C. mysteries D. thunders55. A. engaged B. interested C. successful D. skillful五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）56.假设你是某校高二（1）班学生李华．下面是你校布告栏里张贴的"征集接待家庭"的通知，请根据其内容用英语写一封申请信．词数不少于60．注意：信的开头和结尾已经给出（不计入词数）．HOST FAMILIES WANTEDTeachers and students from Central High School Phoenix will study in our sc hool during the summer vacation．Host families are wanted to accommodate o ur friends．REQUIREMENTS：◇Good English．◇Good communication skills．◇A SEPARATE room．◇Convenient transportation．◇…If interested，please send your APPLICATION IN ENGLISH to the International Departm ent before THURSDAY．Please consult us for any further information．Dear Sir/Madam，I am Li Hua from Class One，Senior Two．I would appreciate it if my application is taken into account．Yours sincerely，Li Hua．57.请根据下面提示，写一篇短文．词数不少于50．In your spoken English class，your teacher shows you the following picture．You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it．答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中takes readers to other worlds是修饰reading books的一个定语从句；从句中缺少主语，要用关系代词；句意指代的一件事，要用which来引导．故选：D．读书可以把读者带到另外的世界，这是一种很好的享受生活的方式．定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句，相当于一个形容词．连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语．这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法．2.【答案】C【解析】答案是C．对话整体用的是一般现在时，并且"喜欢历史"也是一个客观存在的事实，所以答案选C ．故选：C．-是什么使你把历史当作你的专业的？-兴趣，我的大学历史老师对我影响很深，所以我喜欢历史．本题考查一般现在时，根据对话的意义和语境，就很容易确定本题应该用一般现在时．3.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．考查非谓语动词．本句中，study与publish之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词．published 是过分词作后置定语．故选：B．根据Link to Facebook二月份发表的一项研究，美国的Facebook用户平均有245个朋友．处理非谓语动词类题目时，一看有没有谓语动词，二看主被动关系，三看复合结构，结合句意，做出准确判断．4.【答案】B【解析】答案：B 题干中指代的是intelligence智慧，抽象名词；it指代同一事物，that 指代抽象名词，which引导从句，them指代复数．that指代抽象名词时，后常有of短语修饰．故选：B．因为机器人的智慧增长得可以和人类相媲美，我们也许可以用它们去开拓我们未知的领域．代词用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．特别是相似用法，要注意区分和掌握．特别是one ，it，that比较容易混淆的，one指代同类事物中的任意一个；it指代同一事物；that指代不可数名词．5.【答案】A【解析】答案：A根据句意可知，空缺处的动作"我订购夹克"应发生在"I got the jacket （一般过去时）"之前；因此此处表示发生在过去之前的动作，应使用过去完成时；B．一般过去时，表示发生在过去的动作或状态；C．现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到了现在；D．一般现在时，表示现阶段发生的经常性或习惯性的动作或状态；因此B．C．D都不合句意，故选：A．---你收到你的新鞋了吗？---是的，同时我还收到了我订购的夹克．本题考查了过去完成时的用法（had+done）．做本题的关键是要根据句意，判断出该动作发生的时间是在过去的过去；另外，还应了解各时态所表达的具体意义以及它们之间的用法区别．6.【答案】C【解析】答案：C 句意表达的是肯定推测；对过去事实的推测，用情态动词加完成时态；句中We didn't order any fish today表达事实，要用must表达肯定的推测．故选：C．我们的账单一定搞错了，今天我们没有点鱼（这道菜）．情态动词的用法是英语中常考的语言点．通常考查的方式有虚拟和推测，本题考查的是情态动词的推测用法．学习时要注意积累．7.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中smoking and cancer表示两个事物；connection联系，通常与with/to连用，后接某个事物；句意表达的是两者之间的联系，故选：D．一个人不需要有什么远见就能明白吸烟和癌症之间的直接联系．介词用法灵活，搭配较多．学习时要注意积累，对常考的搭配结构要注意掌握．8.【答案】B【解析】答案：B题干中有逗号分隔，要用非谓语动词；句中expect与she之间构成主谓关系，要用主动；句意表达的expect动作是表示伴随状态，故选：B．她在四月二十八号来到北京，期待着在鸟巢主办的五一音乐会．现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，表达主动或进行；过去分词表达被动或完成；动词不定式表达未发生的动作．学习时，要注意区分和掌握．9.【答案】C【解析】答案选C结合上下文句义，main course和动词do应该是被动关系，排除BD，对话整体用的是一般现在时，故正确答案应该选C．故选：C．-晚饭准备好了吗？-还没有，主菜还没做，还得十分钟．本题考查一般现在时的被动语态，解答本题时首先分析主语和动词的关系，确定句子的语态，然后结合上下文的意思和所用的时态，选出正确答案．10.【答案】A【解析】答案：A 题干中there are famous schools是修饰house prices的一个定语从句；从句结构完整，要用关系副词；句意表达的是地点，故选：A．房价各地不一样，有名校的地方通常很高．定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句，相当于一个形容词．连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语．这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法．11.【答案】B【解析】答案是B．这是一个强调句型，强调句的特点是去掉It is/was 和that/who句子不缺成分，强调句的结构为"It is/was+被强调部分+that/who…"，本题强调句子的主语something simple but good，所以用that．故选：B．你不必做一些奢华的食物来给客人留下深刻的印象，只要一些简单但可口的东西就可以了．本题考查强调句，首先要分析这个句子的成分，确定它是一个强调句，然后弄清强调句的结构，选出正确答案．12.【答案】A【解析】答案为A，根据时间状语 during the first 3 months of this year，可以得知这是一个过去的动作，应该用一般过去时，gas在这里是动词，意为"中毒，毒死"句子的主语people应该是"被毒死"所以用被动语态，故选：A．在今年的前三个月里有十多个人在自己的家里煤气中毒．本题考查一般过去式的被动语态，先根据时间状语确定句子的时态，再分析主语与动词的关系，选出正确答案．13.【答案】A【解析】答案：A题干中if you hadn't been caught drunk driving last month是对过去事实的相反假设，是虚拟结构；主句中有时间状语now，说明是对现在的虚拟；对现在的虚拟，主句用情态动词加动词原形．故选：A．事实上我相信如果不是你上个月被抓了醉驾，我们现在就在西安了．虚拟语气是表示与事实相反的假设，构成方式有：对现在或将来，条件句中用一般过去时态，主语用情态动词加动词原形；对过去，条件句中用过去完成时态，主语用情态动词加完成时态．学习时，要牢记构成方式．14.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中at no time绝不，从来不，是表示否定的副词短语，位于句首时，句子要部分倒装；谓语say是实意动词，句意表示的是过去，要添加did来构成倒装．故选：D．我从来没有说过我会因为你英语学习进步缓慢而责备你．倒装句是常用的特殊句式之一．分为完全倒装和部分倒装．部分倒装又分为：否定副词位于句首，only加状语提前，句式倒装等．内容较多，学习时要注意掌握．15.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中I was awarded the Mayor's Award是作系动词的表语，是一个表语从句；why表示原因，how表示方式，that表示事实，when表示时间；句意表达的是时间moments，故选：D．我的校园生活最光荣的时刻之一是当我获得了市长奖的时候．在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句．根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句．16.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】A【小题3】C【解析】56．A．细节理解题．根据文章第二段最后一句Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic，crime or simple bullying，but with organized adult supervision，those concerns have reduced．可知现代父母亲担心孩子单独上学的安全问题．故A正确．57．A．细节理解题．根据第三段1，2句Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save．In rural areas where busing is a must，some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks．可知有些学校为了节约成本，减少了school week，从5天变成4天．故A正确．58．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段第二句but if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead，the carbon footprint can grow．可知如果父母亲没有让孩子步行上学，而是开车送孩子上学，那样反而会增加会环境的破坏．故C正确．本文介绍了一些学校为了减少校车成本，减少了校车运营次数或者时间，有部分学生就开始步行上学．同时讨论了这样做的另外一种可能性．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．19.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】C【解析】1．D 细节理解题．根据第一段第二句"It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects"可知，隐喻指具备类似性质的两个不同物体之间的比较．故答案为D．2．A 推理判断题．根据最后一段"The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky ．So can love，the metaphor tells us．When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection，ouch，a thorn can cause great harm!"Be careful，"the metaphor warns，"Love is a feast to the senses ，but it can overwhelm us，and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering．""可知，作者用玫瑰上的刺来说明爱的另一面，即会伤害到我们，由此可看出：玫瑰或爱有美好的一面也有不好的一面，也就是说给"爱"赋予另外一个新的形象（会给人带来伤痛），故选A．3．B 推理判断题．根据文章第二段及三段中主要内容和从文章的倒数第二句"It took almost 14sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four wor ds!That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor．"可知，这四个简简单单的单词却涵盖了将近14个句子的意思．由此可知，隐喻所包含的意思丰富．故答案为B．4．C 主旨大意题．通读全文可知，本文主要以"love is a rose"为例详细解释了隐喻在诗歌中的作用，故选C本文是一篇文学艺术类题材的阅读，主要是以"love is a rose"为例详细，解释了隐喻在诗歌中的作用．隐喻指具备类似性质的两个不同物体之间的比较，隐喻所包含的意思丰富．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．23.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题4】A【解析】1．B．细节理解题．由第一段so I was intrigued by a letter plopped on my desk one morning，可知我对这些堆在我桌子上的信件很好奇，故选B．2．D．细节理解题．由第五段many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious ．They are afraid they will be misunderstood，这些人非常难为情，并且担心被人误解，可知他们都太在意别人的看法，故选D．3．B．推理判断题．由最后一句话Even if your praises run a little ahead of reality，remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled，即使你的称赞有一点脱离现实，也要记得，期望是使梦想成熟的母亲．可以推知，赞美可以促进人们追寻梦想．故选B．4．A．主旨归纳题．由全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了鼓励性的语言对于他人的影响．故选A．文章主要讲述了他人的看法对于一个人的影响，尤其是称赞的语言，可以鼓励一个人追求梦想．我们应该感想鼓励我们的人，也应该去称赞鼓励他人．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．27.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】C【解析】1．D．细节题．根据第一段后三行it was a way to shape a nation．No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies（补助）and tax breaks to encourage people to buy．提到这是塑造一个国家的方式，难怪所有的政治家愿意在住房补助和对逃税者的惩罚上耗费一千亿美元来鼓励人们去购买住房；说明homeownership是如此的重要，甚至能够塑造一个国家，故D正确．2．D．推理题．根据本段后4行Existing-home sales in April dropped 27% from the previous month，worsening fears of a double-dip．And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped．The real story is deeper and darker still．在四月份目前的房屋销售与上一个月相比下降了27%，说明现在的homeownership已经给社会经济带来了很多负面的影响，引起了经济危机，所引起的问题要比表面上更加严重，故D正确．3．C．推断题．根据第三段7，8行Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods．说明很多美国人都走出了城市，离开了最好的街区，住到了乡下去．故C说法正确．4． C．推理题．作者在文章中客观的讲述了homeownership的好处以及给我们的社会带来的不好的地方，说明他对于homeownership的态度是很谨慎小心的．故C说法正确．本文客观地讲述了私房屋主给我们带来的好处与坏处，讲述了私房屋主的重要性．做阅读理解时要快速的浏览全文，把握文章主旨大意，带着问题回到原文，寻找细节或。
2020年北京市海淀区教师进修学校附属实验学校高三英语二模试题及参考答案
2020年北京市海淀区教师进修学校附属实验学校高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A. It was intended to solve medical problems.B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?A. Talented and caring.B. Independent and humorous.C. Responsible and patient.D. Polite and inspiring.BItzhak Perlman was born in Tel Aviv, in whatwas thenPalestine, in 1945. Today he lives inNew York City. But his music has made him a citizen of the world. He has played in almost every major city. He has won many Grammy awards for his recordings. He has also won Emmy Awards for his work on television.Itzhak Perlman suffered from polio (小儿麻痹症) at the age of four. The disease damaged his legs. He uses a wheelchair or walks with the aid of crutches (拐杖) on his arms. But none of this stopped him from playing the violin. He began as a young child. He took his first lessons at the Music Academy of Tel Aviv. Very quickly, his teachers recognized that he had a special gift.At thirteen he went to the United Sates to appear on television. His playing earned him the financial aid to attend theJuilliardSchoolinNew York. In 1964 Itzhak Perlman won the Leventritt Competition in that city. His international fame had begun.His music is full of power and strength. It can be sad or joyful, loud or soft. But critics (评论家) say it is not the music alone that makes his playing so special. They say he is able to communicate the joy he feels in playing, and the emotions that great music can deliver.Anyone who has attended a performance by Itzhak Perlman will tell you thatit is exciting to watch him play. His face changes as the music from his violin changes. He looks sad when the music seems sad. He smiles and closes his eyes when the music is light and happy. He often looks dark and threatening when the music seems dark and threatening.4. According to the passage, what do we know about Itzhak Perlman?A. He is 75 years old today.B. He was born inNew York City.C. He has some achievements in music.D. He was a rich citizen of the world.5. When Itzhak Perlman first learned music, his teachers ________.A. ignored his talentsB. thought he was fit to learn musicC. had pity on himD. didn't want to accept him6. What makes Itzhak Perlman's playing special according to critics?A. The emotions he communicates in his playing.B. The style in which he plays his music.C. The kind of music he plays.D. The power and strength in his music.7. How do people feel when they hear Itzhak Perlman play?A. Moved.B. Calm.C. Funny.D. Excited.CFor fishermen and sailors in the seaside town of Shangpan in Linhai, Zhejiang province, where recently 12 stranded（搁浅的）whales were found, it is not unusual to spot whales or dolphins in the sea — they would always call them haizi, or “son of the ocean”. And if the local fishermen spot such intelligent sea creatures in need, they will save them from danger without hesitation.In the recent rescue of melon-headed whales, they tried their best to help as a 37-second video of a young man sleeping in the water holding a whale soon went viral online, with netizens applauding his constant efforts and caring heart in trying to keep the whale alive. “The melon-headed whale knew I was trying to save it and would be more cooperative and wouldn’t move.” said Lu Wenhui, a 21-year-old diver from Hangzhou Changqiao Polar Ocean Park, who held up the whale’s head so it could breathe easily. Lu had been staying in the water for 10 hours by 4 a.m. Wednesday after coming for the rescue work on Tuesday, when the stranded whales were first spotted.“Whales are mammals and need to breathe in air — that’s why I had to hold its head, to ensure it could breathe smoothly the whole time,” Lu said. The stranded whales, after the struggling of being transported, were worn out when they arrived at the fish farm and might have drowned if they were left unattended.The reason why the whales were stranded is still not clear. And these stranded whales were returned to the ocean because they are not adapted to artificial breeding environments on land.8. What do local fishermen usually do after finding haizi in danger?A. Ignore them.B. Feed them.C. Transport them.D. Protect them.9. Why does the author describe Lu’s rescue work?A. To introduce the whales in detail.B. To voice his views on the diver.C. To praise the efforts made by rescuers.D. To explain the value of the whales.10. What can we say about the melon-headed whales according to the text?A. They are rarely seen by locals.B. They are used to breathing in the sea.C. They aren’t suited to artificial surroundings.D. They are fond of swimming near the seaside.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Melon-headed Whales Were StrandedB. Rescuers Went All out to Help WhalesC. Fishermen Transported Stranded WhalesD. Witnesses Voiced Opinions on Rescue WorkDAbout a month after I joined Facebook, I got a call from Lori Goler, a highly regarded senior director of marketing at eBay. She made it clear this was a business call. “I want to apply to work with you at Facebook,” she said. “Instead of recommending myself, I want to ask you: What is your biggest problem, and how can I solve it?”My jaw hit the floor. I had hired thousands of people over the previous decade and no one had ever said anything remotely like that. People usually focus on finding the right role for themselves, with the implication that their skills will help the company. Lori put Facebook’s needs front and center. It was a killer approach. I responded, “Recruiting is my biggest problem. And, yes, you can solve it.”Lori never dreamed she would work in recruiting, but she jumped in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading People@Facebook.The most common metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2010, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to forty-six alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.”As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers,switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. The ability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (弯路), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above.12. Why did Lori make the call?A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem.B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook.C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook.D. She wanted to become an employee in Facebook.13. What impressed “I” by Lori?A. Lori was good at running recruiting.B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs.C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience.D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder.B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views.C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees.D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms.15. What is the best title of the passage?A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder.B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem.C. Applying for a Job in Facebook.D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京海淀区2020年高三英语二模试题及答案
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
·覆盖了所有内容要点；
第二档
·运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；
（15 分－17 分）
·语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；
·使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档 （12 分－14 分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。 ·覆盖了内容要点； ·运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求； ·语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。 基本达到了预期的写作目的。
词汇用法均可接受。
5．词数少于 60，从总分中减去 1 分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第一档 （18 分－20 分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。 ·覆盖了所有内容要点； ·运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇； ·语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了较
强的语言运用能力； ·有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。
第四档 （1 分－3 分）
未完成试题规定的任务。 ·写了少量相关信息； ·语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。
0
未能传达任何信息；写的内容与要求无关。
One possible version:
Dear Jim, As the College Entrance Exam is nearing, our class is collecting ideas for an activity aimed to
北京市海淀区2020届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题(含解析)
北京市海淀区2020年高三二模考试英语逐题解析第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ADuring my childhood, whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I would climb the mountain near our house. Walking together, we had a lot of conversations through (1) I learned many valuable lessons. He always stressed to me, “You should have objectives and capacity like the mountain.” This has(2) (large) influenced my life. (3) the mountain-climbing, wecouldn't have had enough time to spend together because my father was busy.1.【答案】which【解析】本题考查定语从句；空格处无提示词，并且后面是一个句子，考虑是从句。
整个句子主句完整，后面从句作用为修饰c onversations, 本空格所在句子是完整的（主谓宾），需要填写的是介词t hrough后面的宾语。
所以填写which，整体t hrough which，翻译为“我们一起走着，有很多对话，通过这些对话，我学到了很多有价值的东西”。
故正确答案是w hich。
2.【答案】largely【解析】本题考查形容词副词转化；提示词 large 为形容词，位置处于谓语动词 has influenced之间，考虑词性为副词，词意为“在很大程度上”，翻译为“这在很大程度上影响了我的生活”，故正确答案是l argely。
2020年北京市海淀外国语实验学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年北京市海淀外国语实验学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome of the world’s most talented musicians have played concerts atLincolnCenter. On September 10, the center hosted a unique class of star musicians: kids and teens. The young players are part of the World Peace Orchestra, or WPO. The group held its first Music for Peace concert inNew York City, with 134 students from more than 60 countries taking part. Musicians were chosen from all over the world.The World Peace Orchestra began in 2013. The nonprofit group brings kids together using the common language of music. To be considered for the orchestra, students first had to be recommended by their teachers and then audition online for a group of judges. Once chosen, professional musicians and teachers then worked with the players to improve their skills.Some of the young musicians played classical instruments, such as violins and flutes. Others played instruments unique to their home country. For example, Amold Mugo, 16, fromKenya, played an instrument called the djembe. The drum is originally fromWest Africa. Mugo said he was shocked when he learned he was chosen for the orchestra. “I can’t express how I felt. I was rolling on the floor. It’s a once in a lifetime opportunity,” he said.Adomas Hendrixson, 13, fromLithuania, played piano for the WPO. Before theNew York Cityperformance, Hendrixson talked about what he hoped to take away from the event. “Fun and joy-- people smiling and clapping,” he said.“This is one of the only times in your life this could happen and I'm very excited.”Mugo says his favorite part of the WPO is making new friends from around the world. “I hope when I go home, I just take a little bit of every friend that I made here-- Brazil, Portugal, Queens,” Mugo said, “I hope that I take part of their culture home with me so I understand them more.”1. Who is most likely to have played for the WPO according to this passage?A. Li Ming, 16, a student fromChina.B. Daniel, 44, a judge fromAmerica.C. Edward, 21, a clerk fromAustralia.D. Catherine, 32, a teacher fromEngland.2. We can learn from the last paragraph that Mugo ________.A.performed best for the WPO.B. has learned some foreign culture.C. was eager to be chosen for a second time.D. received a great award for his performance.3. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Kids were good at playing music.B. Mugo liked making foreign friends.C. Concerts were played atLincolncentre.D. Young musicians played for peace.BSusan Scott, 71, is glad that she didn't think about her age when she took up bodybuilding at the age of 59.“I reinvent myself every ten years. I started my 60s as a bodybuilderand now I'm beginning my 70s as a writer,” she said. “People usually limit themselves by age, and it's discouraging. With age, I remain young at heart.”Dr Susan started bodybuilding at an age when most are considering retirement though she was an athlete from an early age. As a child in Venezuela, she took to gymnastics and later graduated with a physical education degree.Then she obtained a master's degree in education and later a Ph. D. in Adult Personal Development. She taught at Cambridge Rindge and Latin High School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, for 16 years, while raising two daughters.“I started bodybuilding when I met Steve Pfiester, a gym guy who practiced yoga. He invited me to his gym and offered to train me. I started in January and in June he took me to my first competition in Bradenton, Florida,” she recalled.Dr Susan's photos show that she has devoted long hours to taking care of her body. But she also develops her mind and spirit. On any given day, she gets up at 3 am to read books. At 4:30 am she's out to walk three miles and run another three. This is followed by yoga and a swim at the beach while the sun rises. After writing her journal and working on her book between 8 and 10 am, she hits the gym for at least two hours. “I don't lose track of time,” she said.Dr Susan's war on ageism has rubbed off on her two daughters, both in their early thirties. “They both take care of their bodies and minds. If you give them a good foundation as a parent, you know that they will always come back to their roots. I tried to remind myself of that during their difficult teen years.”4. What's Dr Susan's opinion on age?A. Age cannot be hidden.B. Age is a state of mind.C. Every age has its pains and sorrows.D. Old age is not suitable for further study.5. What made Dr Susan start bodybuilding?A. The need of her job.B. Her youthful dream.C. Steve Pfiester's influence.D. Her daughters' encouragement.6. Which of the following best describes Dr Susan's morning schedule?A. Dull.B. Tight.C. Flexible.D. Controversial.7. What can be inferred about Dr Susan from the last paragraph?A. She will set up a fitness foundation.B. She will soon return to retirement.C. She often thinks of her teenage years.D. She sets an example to her daughters.CSport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress canbe physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves.Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youngsters’ performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive support motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.8. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is_____________.A. to make sport less competitiveB. to increase their sense of successC. to reduce their mental stressD. to make sport more challenging9. According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that_____________.A. it can help them learn more about societyB. it enables them to find faults in themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves10. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_____________.A. believing that criticism does good to their early developmentB. without realizing criticism may destroy their selfconfidenceC. in order to make them remember life’s lessonsD. so as to put more pressure on them11. According to the passage parents and coaches should_____________.A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportB. help children to win every gameC. train children to cope with stressD. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sportDImaginary friends in childhood refer to the invisible beings that a child gives a personality to and plays with for over three months.Crabbycrab（蟹）appeared on a holiday in Norway by running out of my four-year-old son Fisher's ear after a night of tears from an earache. Like other childhood imaginary friends, Crabby should be a sign thatFisher's mind is growing and developing positively. Indeed, research shows that imaginary friends can help develop children's social skills.Research has shown that the positive effects of having imaginary friends as a child continue into adulthood. Adolescents who remember their imaginary playmates have been found to use more activecoping（应对）styles, such as seeking advice from loved ones rather than bottle things up inside. Even adolescents with behavioral problems who had imaginary friends as children have been found to have better coping skills through the teenage years.Scientists thinkthis could be because these teens have been able to adjust themselves to the social world with imagination rather than choose to be involved in relationships with more difficult classmates. It could also be because the imaginary friends help to reduce these adolescents,loneliness.These teens are also more likely to seek out social connections -they tend to turn to others for advice. Current research by Tori Watson is taking this evidence and looking at how adolescents who have imaginary friends as children deal withbullying（欺凌）at school. It is found that teens who remember their imaginary friends are better at dealing with bullying.While we know a lot about childhood imaginary friends such as Crabby Crab and the positive effects they can have, there is still a lot to learn about imaginary friends.12. What is Crabby crab?A. It is a crab Fisher caught inNorway.B. It is Fisher's imaginary friend.C. It is a toy Fisher like much.D. It is a cause of earache.13. Why do children with imaginary friends have better coping skills?A. Imaginary friends help improve their adjustment.B. Having imaginary friends makes them smarter.C. They have rich imagination.D. They are no longer alone.14. What will a child with imaginary friends probably do if he is bullied?A. Escape from the bully.B. Fight with the bully bravely.C. Keep silent about being bullied.D. Ask a parent or a teacher for help.15. What is the author's attitude towards the effect of imaginary friends?A. Concerned.B. Doubtful.C. Optimistic.D. Indifferent.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年海淀高三二模英语试题及答案 北京市 高考 评分标准 参考答案1
第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。
请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“Concert at the Balcon y" 为题，用英语写一篇短文向校刊“英语园地”投稿，记述上周末发生，在你们小区的一个真实故事。
注意：词数不少于60。
（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）高三年级（英语）第10页（共10页）2019-2020高三年级第二学期期末练习参考答案第一部分：知识运用第一节1. which2. largely3. Without4. how5. to make6. appearance7. Though/Although/While 8. has 9. are visiting 10. left第二节11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A第二部分31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. B46. B 47. C 48. E 49. D 50. G第三部分第一节：一、评分原则：1．本题总分15分，按4个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以档次的要求来衡量，确定或降低档次，最后给分。
3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。
4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。
英、美拼写及词汇用法均可以接受。
5. 词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：One possible version:Dear Jim,As the College Entrance Exam is nearing, our class is collecting ideas for an activity aimed to help us stay positive and manage stress. I would like to share mine with you.The first part of my plan is a lecture on stress management. An expert will be invited to offer us practical tips on that topic. Following the lecture, in a peer sharing session, we can share how we feel with each other. My plan also involves an afternoon of fun sports for everyone. Games like kite flying and fun relay races will be organized to give all students some precious quality time together. The whole class can not only take a break from the tight schedule, but also enjoy moments of accomplishment during the process.What do you think of my plan? Since you are experienced in organizing extracurricular activities, can you give me some suggestions? Thanks a lot!第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1．本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。
北京市海淀区2020届高三英语下学期二模考试试题(含解析)
“Sorry kiddo. That’s mine. I’m___23___on your debt.”
“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan. “Hey! How can it be that much? I___24___borrowed $10.”
“True,” she said, “but interest has been compounding for eight months. Now you___25___me $21.43.” She paused, then added. “You can pay me the $1.43.”
“Compound interest---what’s that?” I asked.
“Well, interest is what you call the___14___money borrowers have to pay back on a loan,” she explained. “Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the___15___you take to pay back the loan. To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month. If you wait two months to pay me back, your___16___will grow from $10 to $11. So I’ll be charging you interest on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me, for a___17___of $12.10. That’s what you’ll owe after two months.”
2020届北京市海淀区高考英语二模试卷
高考英语二模试卷一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）1.Reading books，______ takes readers to other worlds，is a wonderful way to enjoy life．（）A. thatB. whatC. asD. which2.---What makes you a history major？---Interest．I _____ it because my high school history teacher influenced me a lot．（）A. lovedB. had lovedC. loveD. have loved3.The average Facebook user in the United States has 245 friends， according to Link toFacebook study．" a study ______ in February．（）A. publishingB. publishedC. publishD. to publish4.As the intelligence of robots increases to match ________ of humans，we may use them to expand our frontiers．（）A. itB. thatC. whichD. them5.---Have you received your new shoes？---Yes．And at the same time I got the jacket I _____．（）A. had orderedB. orderedC. have orderedD. order6. A mistake _____ have been made on our bill．We didn't order any fish today．（）A. shouldB. wouldC. mustD. could7.One doesn't have to look far to realize the direct connection smoking and cancer．（）A. ofB. withC. toD. between8.She came to Beijing on April 28，_____ Mayday's concert in the Bird's Nest．（）A. to expectB. expectingC. expectedD. expect9.---Is dinner ready？---Not yet．The main course ______．It needs another ten minutes．（）A. was not doneB. had not doneC. is not doneD. has not done10.House prices vary from place to place and are usually high _____ there are famous schools．（）A. whereB. sinceC. whenD. whether11.You don't need to make fancy foods to impress guests-it is something simple but good _____ will do．（）A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who12.More than ten people _____ in their own homes during the first 3months of this year．（）A. were gassedB. had been gassedC. are gassedD. have been gassed13.I actually believe that we _____ in Xi'an now if you hadn't been caught drunk driving last month．（）A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. had been14.At no time I would blame you for your being slow in your English study．（）A. I saidB. said IC. I did sayD. did I say15.One of the glorious moments in my school life was I was awarded the Mayor's Award．（）A. whyB. howC. thatD. when二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AUntil last spring，Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood went to school on Bus 59．But as fuel prices rose，the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs．So the school's busing company redrew its route map，canceling Nia's bus．Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a"walking school bus"-a group of kids，supervised （监护）by an adult or two，who make the walk together．Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school，partly because many did so themselves．According to a 1979 survey，nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school，compared with only 16 percent in 2011．Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic，crime or simple bullying，but with organized adult supervision，those concerns have reduced．Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save．In rural areas where busing is a must，some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks．Busing companies instruct drivers to cancel extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling（挂空挡）．They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes，which aren't always the shortest ones．There could be disadvantages，however，to the busing cutbacks．If every formerly bused student begins walking to school，it's an environmental win-but if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead，the overall carbon footprint can grow．Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks．A 2011 report concluded students are 13times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car，since buses have fewer accidents and withstand（承受）them better due to their size．And some students complain about the long morning hikes，particularly when the route contains a really big hill．16.In regards to walking to school，modern parents seem much concerned with the ______ ．A. safety of their kidsB. kids'physical strengthC. time spent on the wayD. changes in the route17.To save money，some schools choose to ______ ．A. shorten the school weekB. take the shortest routesC. stop using school busesD. use fuel-efficient buses18.Busing cutbacks may lead to ______ ．A. fewer complaints about long morning hikesB. more students taking public transportationC. an increase in carbon dioxide emissionsD. a decrease in the safety of school busesBA metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison．It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects．With a simple metaphor，one object becomes the other：Love is a rose．Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image，a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language．The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment．Consequently，what the poet imagines love tobe may or may not be our understanding of love．Therefore，the poet's job is to enable us to experience it，to feel it the same way as the poet does．Let's analyze this remarkably simple metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers．Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose，first we must examine the characteristics of that flower．A rose is impressive in its beauty，its petals（花瓣）are nicely soft，and its smell is pleasing．It's possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight，touch，and smell．The rose's appearance seems to border on perfection，each petal seemingly equal in form．Isn't this the way one's love should be？A loved one should be a delight to one's senses and seem perfect．However，there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose．Roses have thorns．The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky．So can love，the metaphor tells us．When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection，ouch，a thorn can cause great harm! "Be careful，" the metaphor warns，"Love is a feast to the senses，but it can overwhelm us，and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering．" This is the poet's understanding of love-an admonition （劝诫）．What is the point？Just this：It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor．19.According to the passage，a metaphor is a ______ ．A. description of two similar objects in a poetic wayB. literary device specially employed in poetry writingC. contrast between two different things to create a vivid imageD. comparison between two different objects with similar features20.As is meant by the author，thorns of a rose ______ ．A. add a new element to the image of loveB. protect the rose from harmC. symbolize reduced loveD. cause acute suffering21.It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is ______ ．A. difficult to understandB. rich in meaningC. simple to useD. perfect in form22.The main idea of this passage is that ______ ．A. love is a rose in metaphorB. a rose is a good image in poetryC. a metaphor is a great poetic deviceD. a poet should be careful to use a metaphorCOn my first job as a sports editor for the Montpelier Leader Enterprise，I didn't get a lot of fan mail，so I was intrigued by a letter plopped on my desk one morning．The envelope bore the logo of the closest big-city paper，the Toledo Blade．When I opened it，I read："Sweet piece of writing on the Tigers．Keep up the good work．"It was signed by Don Wolfe，the sports editor．Because I was a teenager （being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch），his words could not have been more exciting．I kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got rag-eared．Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer，I would reread Don's note and walk on air again．Later，when I got to know him，I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quick，encouraging word to people in all walks of life．"When I make others feel good aboutthemselves，" he told me，"I feel good，too．"Why are upbeat note writers in such short supply？My guess is that many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious．They are afraid they will be misunderstood，soundold-fashioned or flattering．Also，writing takes time and it is far easier to pick up the phone．The drawback with phone calls，of course，is that they do not last．A note attaches more importance to our well-wishing．It is a matter of record，and our words can be read more than once，appreciated，and treasured．What does it take to write notes that lift spirits and warm hearts？Perhaps just a desire and a willingness to express our appreciation．The most successful people write notes that are short on words and long on feeling，sincere，short，specific，and usually spontaneous in nature．It is difficult to be spontaneous，however，when you have to hunt for letter writing materials；so，keep paper，envelopes，and stamps close at hand，even when you travel．Fancy stationery is not necessary；it's the thought that counts．So，who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval？A neighbor，your librarian，a relative，your mate，a teacher，or your doctor？You do not need to be poetic．If you need a reason，look for a milestone，the anniversary of a special event you shared，a birthday，or holiday，and do not hold back your praise．Such words as："greatest，" "smartest，" "prettiest" make us all feel good．Even if your praises run a little ahead of reality，remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled．23.On seeing the letter on the desk，the author felt ______ ．A. annoyedB. curiousC. doubtfulD. shocked24.According to the author，many people don't write upbeat notes mainly because they are______ ．A. afraid of being out of dateB. too shy to flatter othersC. prepared to make phone callsD. too concerned about what others think25.It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______ ．A. praises often run ahead of realityB. praises help in pursuing a dreamC. parents often write upbeat notesD. parents expect children's success26.What might be the suitable title for the passage？______A. The Power of a Positive NoteB. Notes Help to Fulfill DreamsC. The Necessity of Writing NotesD. Note or Phone，Your Own ChoiceDHomeownership has let us down．For generations，Americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good．Our political leaders hammered home the point．Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was "unconquerable．" Homeownership could even save babies，save children，save families and save America．A house with a lawn and a fence wasn't just a nice place to live in or a risk-free investment；it was a way to transform a nation．No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy．But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent：Indeed，easy lending stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis．Housing remains a dragon the economy．Existing-home sales in April dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a double-dip．And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped．The real story is deeper and darker still．For the better part of a century，politics，industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house．Homeownership has done plenty of good over the decades；it has provided stability to tens of millions of families．Yet by idealizing the act of buying a home，we have ignored the downsides．In the bubble years，lending standards slipped dramatically，allowing many Americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing．And we ignored longer-term phenomena too．Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods．It fed America's overuse of energy and oil．It made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another．Perhaps worst of all，it helped us become casually self-deceiving：By telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores，we avoided dealing with these frightening issues head-on．Now，as the U．S．recovers from the biggest housing bust（破产）since the Great Depression，it is time to rethink how realistic our expectations of homeownership are-and how much money we want to spend chasing them．Many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs．27.Political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because______ ．A. owning a home was undoubtedly goodB. homeownership was unconquerableC. houses could save families and AmericaD. homeownership could shape a country28.The underlined sentence in Para．2 means ______ ．A. homeownership has quite a lot of bad effectsB. there might be another housing breakdown in the U．S．C. the existing-home sales will keep decreasing in the U．S．D. the result of homeownership is much worse than it appears29.It can be inferred from Para．3 that ______ ．A. it is hard for Americans to get a home loanB. it is the way to wealth to have one's own houseC. many Americans choose to live out of urban areasD. homeownership has made many people out of work30.What is the author's attitude towards homeownership？______A. Favorable．B. Ambiguous．C. Cautious．D. Optimistic．三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）"Look it up in the dictionary"is the usual comment when people are in doubt about the meaning or spelling of a word．Dictionaries are considered the final authority on these matters as well as on pronunciations and other facts about a word．Until a few hundred years ago，however，people could not"look it up"because there were no English dictionaries．The ancient Greeks and Romans and the scholars of the Middle Ages had made lists of Latin and Greek words．(1) The first great English dictionary listing both common and uncommon words was written by Samuel Johnson in 1755．In America，the most famous name in dictionary writing is that of Noah Webster．He stressed American rather than British ways of speaking．His great dictionary，which first appeared in 1828，has been republished many times．(2) The latest edition is still considered"the"dictionary．It defines over 450，000 words，including radar，television andmany others undreamed of by Webster．(3) The huge ones that rest on stands in libraries are called unabridged，meaning"not shortened．"They tell not only a word's meaning and spelling but also its pronunciation，origin，history，part of speech，grammatical forms，and ways of use．The smaller ones do not provide all this information．(4) A bilingual dictionary，such as a Spanish-English dictionary，translates words from one language into another．A thesaurus lists other words that mean the same as each listed word．A gazetteer lists place names，and a glossary is a small dictionary in a book defining technical words in that book．There are also dictionaries of scientific terms and ones on many other topics．There is even a dictionary of slang．(5) The dictionary is one of our most valuable language tools．A．Each time，it has been updated．B．General dictionaries are not the only kind．C．Thus there are many kinds of special dictionaries．D．In a general dictionary，each word may have multiple meanings．E．Dictionaries that list all kinds of words are known as general dictionaries．F．Over the previous 150 years more than 20dictionaries had been published．G．But it was not until 1604that a book of uncommon English words appeared．31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G33. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G34. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G35. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G四、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Education from My Father My memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life．But there are(36)that I am often reminded of and which may have had some bearing on my love of(37)．When I was small I was somewhat(38) of lightning and thunder．My father explained it．The explanation was in(39) that a child could understand but was basically correct．I gained a better (40)later，but I didn't have to unlearn anything．What he said was that there was electricity in the cloud(41)it traveled to the ground like a spark．When it traveled(42)the air it made the air so hot that it(43)．Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in to(44) the space．He clapped his hands together very loud，(45)to be the air rushing in，and said that makes the thunder．When I hear thunder，I can still hear that (46)．He explained why if it was cloudy in the winter the night was warmer than if it was(47)．It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars：no moon，no town lights．But there were more stars than you could (48)and they had color too．He said that if there were no clouds，we had no blankets and were(49) to the universe．Our warmth was going to (50)the whole universe．When there were clouds，they were like blankets and we were not exposed to the universe．I (51) feel on the edge of space on a very clear night．I am sure there were many other lessons that I(52) but no longer remember．What I did(53)，in general，was that there were explanations and that the more I understood the m，the more comfortable the world was to live in．I was not taught that there were (54)but that there was understanding if you looked for it．This may be why I have always been(55) in science．36. A. others B. few C. some D. all37. A. science B. nature C. weather D. universe38. A. sure B. fond C. tired D. afraid39. A. depth B. words C. gestures D. data40. A. understanding B. knowledge C. command D. confidence41. A. but B. and C. for D. or42. A. above B. to C. along D. through43. A. shone B. burned C. expanded D. broke44. A. fill B. make C. avoid D. break45. A. trying B. proving C. hoping D. pretending46. A. clap B. remark C. voice D. crash47. A. cold B. bright C. clear D. foggy48. A. explore B. foresee C. imagine D. identify49. A. committed B. exposed C. related D. led50. A. heat B. protect C. extend D. light51. A. ever B. also C. even D. still52. A. selected B. arranged C. absorbed D. delivered53. A. consider B. promise C. explain D. learn54. A. memories B. blankets C. mysteries D. thunders55. A. engaged B. interested C. successful D. skillful五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）56.假设你是某校高二（1）班学生李华．下面是你校布告栏里张贴的"征集接待家庭"的通知，请根据其内容用英语写一封申请信．词数不少于60．注意：信的开头和结尾已经给出（不计入词数）．，I am Li Hua from Class One，Senior Two．I would appreciate it if my application is taken into account．Yours sincerely，Li Hua．57.请根据下面提示，写一篇短文．词数不少于50．In your spoken English class，your teacher shows you the following picture．You are asked to describe the picture andexplain how you understand it．答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中takes readers to other worlds是修饰reading books的一个定语从句；从句中缺少主语，要用关系代词；句意指代的一件事，要用which来引导．故选：D．读书可以把读者带到另外的世界，这是一种很好的享受生活的方式．定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句，相当于一个形容词．连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语．这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法．2.【答案】C【解析】答案是C．对话整体用的是一般现在时，并且"喜欢历史"也是一个客观存在的事实，所以答案选C．故选：C．-是什么使你把历史当作你的专业的？-兴趣，我的大学历史老师对我影响很深，所以我喜欢历史．本题考查一般现在时，根据对话的意义和语境，就很容易确定本题应该用一般现在时．3.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．考查非谓语动词．本句中，study与publish之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词．published 是过分词作后置定语．故选：B．根据Link to Facebook二月份发表的一项研究，美国的Facebook用户平均有245个朋友．处理非谓语动词类题目时，一看有没有谓语动词，二看主被动关系，三看复合结构，结合句意，做出准确判断．4.【答案】B【解析】答案：B 题干中指代的是intelligence智慧，抽象名词；it指代同一事物，that 指代抽象名词，which引导从句，them指代复数．that指代抽象名词时，后常有of短语修饰．故选：B．因为机器人的智慧增长得可以和人类相媲美，我们也许可以用它们去开拓我们未知的领域．代词用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．特别是相似用法，要注意区分和掌握．特别是one，it，that比较容易混淆的，one指代同类事物中的任意一个；it指代同一事物；that 指代不可数名词．5.【答案】A【解析】答案：A根据句意可知，空缺处的动作"我订购夹克"应发生在"I got the jacket （一般过去时）"之前；因此此处表示发生在过去之前的动作，应使用过去完成时；B．一般过去时，表示发生在过去的动作或状态；C．现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到了现在；D．一般现在时，表示现阶段发生的经常性或习惯性的动作或状态；因此B．C．D都不合句意，故选：A．---你收到你的新鞋了吗？---是的，同时我还收到了我订购的夹克．本题考查了过去完成时的用法（had+done）．做本题的关键是要根据句意，判断出该动作发生的时间是在过去的过去；另外，还应了解各时态所表达的具体意义以及它们之间的用法区别．6.【答案】C【解析】答案：C 句意表达的是肯定推测；对过去事实的推测，用情态动词加完成时态；句中We didn't order any fish today表达事实，要用must表达肯定的推测．故选：C．我们的账单一定搞错了，今天我们没有点鱼（这道菜）．情态动词的用法是英语中常考的语言点．通常考查的方式有虚拟和推测，本题考查的是情态动词的推测用法．学习时要注意积累．7.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中smoking and cancer表示两个事物；connection联系，通常与with/to连用，后接某个事物；句意表达的是两者之间的联系，故选：D．一个人不需要有什么远见就能明白吸烟和癌症之间的直接联系．介词用法灵活，搭配较多．学习时要注意积累，对常考的搭配结构要注意掌握．8.【答案】B【解析】答案：B题干中有逗号分隔，要用非谓语动词；句中expect与she之间构成主谓关系，要用主动；句意表达的expect动作是表示伴随状态，故选：B．她在四月二十八号来到北京，期待着在鸟巢主办的五一音乐会．现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，表达主动或进行；过去分词表达被动或完成；动词不定式表达未发生的动作．学习时，要注意区分和掌握．9.【答案】C【解析】答案选C结合上下文句义，main course和动词do应该是被动关系，排除BD，对话整体用的是一般现在时，故正确答案应该选C．故选：C．-晚饭准备好了吗？-还没有，主菜还没做，还得十分钟．本题考查一般现在时的被动语态，解答本题时首先分析主语和动词的关系，确定句子的语态，然后结合上下文的意思和所用的时态，选出正确答案．10.【答案】A【解析】答案：A 题干中there are famous schools是修饰house prices的一个定语从句；从句结构完整，要用关系副词；句意表达的是地点，故选：A．房价各地不一样，有名校的地方通常很高．定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句，相当于一个形容词．连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语．这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法．11.【答案】B【解析】答案是B．这是一个强调句型，强调句的特点是去掉It is/was 和that/who句子不缺成分，强调句的结构为"It is/was+被强调部分+that/who…"，本题强调句子的主语something simple but good，所以用that．故选：B．你不必做一些奢华的食物来给客人留下深刻的印象，只要一些简单但可口的东西就可以了．本题考查强调句，首先要分析这个句子的成分，确定它是一个强调句，然后弄清强调句的结构，选出正确答案．12.【答案】A【解析】答案为A，根据时间状语 during the first 3 months of this year，可以得知这是一个过去的动作，应该用一般过去时，gas在这里是动词，意为"中毒，毒死"句子的主语people应该是"被毒死"所以用被动语态，故选：A．在今年的前三个月里有十多个人在自己的家里煤气中毒．本题考查一般过去式的被动语态，先根据时间状语确定句子的时态，再分析主语与动词的关系，选出正确答案．13.【答案】A【解析】答案：A题干中if you hadn't been caught drunk driving last month是对过去事实的相反假设，是虚拟结构；主句中有时间状语now，说明是对现在的虚拟；对现在的虚拟，主句用情态动词加动词原形．故选：A．事实上我相信如果不是你上个月被抓了醉驾，我们现在就在西安了．虚拟语气是表示与事实相反的假设，构成方式有：对现在或将来，条件句中用一般过去时态，主语用情态动词加动词原形；对过去，条件句中用过去完成时态，主语用情态动词加完成时态．学习时，要牢记构成方式．14.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中at no time绝不，从来不，是表示否定的副词短语，位于句首时，句子要部分倒装；谓语say是实意动词，句意表示的是过去，要添加did来构成倒装．故选：D．我从来没有说过我会因为你英语学习进步缓慢而责备你．倒装句是常用的特殊句式之一．分为完全倒装和部分倒装．部分倒装又分为：否定副词位于句首，only加状语提前，句式倒装等．内容较多，学习时要注意掌握．15.【答案】D【解析】答案：D题干中I was awarded the Mayor's Award是作系动词的表语，是一个表语从句；why表示原因，how表示方式，that表示事实，when表示时间；句意表达的是时间moments，故选：D．我的校园生活最光荣的时刻之一是当我获得了市长奖的时候．在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句．根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句．16.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】A 【小题3】C【解析】56．A．细节理解题．根据文章第二段最后一句Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic，crime or simple bullying，but with organized adult supervision，those concerns have reduced．可知现代父母亲担心孩子单独上学的安全问题．故A正确．57．A．细节理解题．根据第三段1，2句Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save．In rural areas where busing is a must，some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks．可知有些学校为了节约成本，减少了school week，从5天变成4天．故A正确．58．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段第二句but if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead，the carbon footprint can grow．可知如果父母亲没有让孩子步行上学，而是开车送孩子上学，那样反而会增加会环境的破坏．故C正确．本文介绍了一些学校为了减少校车成本，减少了校车运营次数或者时间，有部分学生就开始步行上学．同时讨论了这样做的另外一种可能性．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．19.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】C【解析】1．D 细节理解题．根据第一段第二句"It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects"可知，隐喻指具备类似性质的两个不同物体之间的比较．故答案为D．2．A 推理判断题．根据最后一段"The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky．So can love，the metaphor tells us．When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection，ouch，a thorn can cause great harm!"Be careful，"the metaphor warns，"Love is a feast to the senses，but it can overwhelm us，and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering．""可知，作者用玫瑰上的刺来说明爱的另一面，即会伤害到我们，由此可看出：玫瑰或爱有美好的一面也有不好的一面，也就是说给"爱"赋予另外一个新的形象（会给人带来伤痛），故选A．3．B 推理判断题．根据文章第二段及三段中主要内容和从文章的倒数第二句"It took almost 14sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four wor ds!That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor．"可知，这四个简简单单的单词却涵盖了将近14个句子的意思．由此可知，隐喻所包含的意思丰富．故答案为B．4．C 主旨大意题．通读全文可知，本文主要以"love is a rose"为例详细解释了隐喻在诗歌中的作用，故选C本文是一篇文学艺术类题材的阅读，主要是以"love is a rose"为例详细，解释了隐喻在诗歌中的作用．隐喻指具备类似性质的两个不同物体之间的比较，隐喻所包含的意思丰富．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．23.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】A【解析】1．B．细节理解题．由第一段so I was intrigued by a letter plopped on my desk one morning，可知我对这些堆在我桌子上的信件很好奇，故选B．2．D．细节理解题．由第五段many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious．They are afraid they will be mi sunderstood，这些人非常难为情，并且担心被人误解，可知他们都太在意别人的看法，故选D．3．B．推理判断题．由最后一句话Even if your praises run a little ahead of reality，remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled，即使你的称赞有一点脱离现实，也要记得，期望是使梦想成熟的母亲．可以推知，赞美可以促进人们追寻梦想．故选B．4．A．主旨归纳题．由全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了鼓励性的语言对于他人的影响．故选A．文章主要讲述了他人的看法对于一个人的影响，尤其是称赞的语言，可以鼓励一个人追求梦想．我们应该感想鼓励我们的人，也应该去称赞鼓励他人．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．27.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】C【解析】1．D．细节题．根据第一段后三行it was a way to shape a nation．No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies（补助）and tax breaks to encourage people to buy．提到这是塑造一个国家的方式，难怪所有的政治家愿意在住房补助和对逃税者的惩罚上耗费一千亿美元来鼓励人们去购买住房；说明homeownership是如此的重要，甚至能够塑造一个国家，故D正确．2．D．推理题．根据本段后4行Existing-home sales in April dropped 27% from the previous month，worsening fears of a double-dip．And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped．The real story is deeper and darker still．在四月份目前的房屋销售与上一个月相比下降了27%，说明现在的homeownership已经给社会经济带来了很多负面的影响，引起了经济危机，所引起的问题要比表面上更加严重，故D正确．3．C．推断题．根据第三段7，8行Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods．说明很多美国人都走出了城市，离开了最好的街区，住到了乡下去．故C说法正确．4． C．推理题．作者在文章中客观的讲述了homeownership的好处以及给我们的社会带来的不好的地方，说明他对于homeownership的态度是很谨慎小心的．故C说法正确．本文客观地讲述了私房屋主给我们带来的好处与坏处，讲述了私房屋主的重要性．做阅读理解时要快速的浏览全文，把握文章主旨大意，带着问题回到原文，寻找细节或概括相应的答案，最后要理清作者写作思路．31.【答案】【小题1】G 【小题2】A 【小题3】E 【小题4】B 【小题5】C【解析】71．G 根据上文提到以前没有字典存在，结合下句中The first great English dictionary…was written by Samuel Johnson in 1755．提到第一本记录全面的字典的出现，G项提到第一本记录不常见词语的书出现，衔接恰当．故选G．72．A 结合上文中has been republished many times．判断句意：每次都有所升级，符合顺承关系．故选A．73．E 根据下文中讲到的大字典及小字典的特点，可知本段首句应为总起句，E项句意：列出各种各样的单词的字典被称为普通字典，符合总分结构．故选E．74．B 根据上段讲到普通字典，下文中讲述了各种各样的专业字典，上下段构成转折关系．故选B．75．C 本段主要讲述了各种专业字典的特点，空处填对专业字典的总结句子，符合句意及文章结构．故选C．本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英文字典形成的发展历程及英文字典的种类及用途．此类题目要结合上下文所表示的意思来进行判断是比较容易得出答案的．关键要搞清楚文章上下文之间的逻辑关系．36.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【小题5】A【小题6】B 【小题7】D 【小题8】B 【小题9】A 【小题10】D 【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】C 【小题14】B 【小题15】A 【小题16】D 【小题17】C 【小题18】D 【小题19】C 【小题20】B【解析】CADBA BDBAD ACCBA DCDCB36．C．考查名词辨析．此处代指前面的memories，句意为但是有一些记忆让我常常想起；故选C．37．A．考查名词辨析．根据作者回忆的内容和This may be why I have always been 51 in science可知，父亲使作者爱上了科学；故选A．38．D．考查动词辨析，作者小时候对雷电感到害怕；故选D．39．B．考查名词辨析．父亲的口头解释孩子可以听懂，但是基本上是正确的；故选B．40．A．考查名词辨析．小时候父亲为了让他能听懂，解释上肯定不够科学，完善，所以此处讲的是作者后来对此增进了了解/知识．Gain a better understanding 增进对…的了解/知识；故选A41．B．考查连词辨析．他说的是，云层里有电，电像闪光一样传递到地面上．并列关系；故选B．42．D．t考查介词辨析．hrough穿过当电穿过空气的时候，它让空气变得很热，以致于空气都燃烧了起来．根据后面的Then there was nothing where the air had been可知，空气燃烧掉了；故选D．43．B．考查动词辨析，根据后面的Then there was nothing where the air had been可知，空气燃烧掉了；故选B．44．A．考查动词辨析，空气被燃烧掉后，别处的空气要填补进来，即fill；故选A，45．D．考查动词辨析，父亲拍手，模拟空气快速填补进来；故选D．46．A．考查动词辨析，每当我听到雷声，我还能回想到当时父亲拍手的声音；故选A．47．C．考查形容词辨析．此处与前面的cloudy相反，即clear晴天，根据后面的It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars：no moon，no town lights也可以知道；故选C48．C．考查动词辨析，其实有比你想象的多得多的星星，他们还有颜色．Explore探。
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海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习2020. 6 本试卷共10页，120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ADuring my childhood, whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I would climb the mountain near our house. Walking together, we had a lot of conversations through I I learned many valuable lessons. He always stressed to me, “You should have objectives and capacity like the mountain.，，This has 2 (large) influenced my life. 3 the mountain-climbing, we couldn't have had enough time to spend together because my father was busy.BYou have probably dreamed about 4 you would change the world, only to find that it seems impossible. However, you may have the power 5 (make) the world better with baby steps. That9s the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign co-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weibo. It asks people to do something positive and then record the changes before and after. Since its first 6 (appear) on Sina Weibo on Sept. 2nd, the BA Challenge has attracted millions of viewers and participants.7 these little things may be easily ignored in our daily lives, they are well received by many viewers.CThere5 s nothing better than flying to a foreign destination to visit the attractions it 8 (have) to offer. Millions of people are doing the same, and why not? The world has an amazing variety of must-see sights, from breathtaking natural scenery to impressive old cities. But the problem is that too many of us 9 (visit) them at the same time, putting pressure on these delicate and ancient places. That's why a number of beauty spots and historic sites have been introducing charges or restrictions on the number of tourists. There are many reasons for this: to reduce overcrowding, to manage wear and tear on old buildings and to tidy up the mess 10 (leave) behind.第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
How Running Helped Me T\irn My Life AroundI've never been an athlete. Aside from excelling at all academic disciplines at school, my main goal was to 11 PE at all costs. In my twenties, I went for an occasional yoga or Zumba class, but that was really the summary of all my athletic accomplishments.That was until the end of 2016, when I was unexpectedly laid off. The 12 of getting a new job soon were not in my favor and 13 thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in. I was feeling quite depressed but pushed myself to go and 14 for the TCS NYC Marathon runners as the course was going through our neighborhood.However, while being there, I got phenomenal 15 from all the runners, smiling, applauding and high-fiving constantly. Not a runner myself, I thought maybe I could give running a 16 , just to try, to use my neglected gym membership and see where it 17 me. And so I tried. I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill （跑步机）.I was out of breath by minute five, but I18 down, walked for a bit and then restarted. I came back the next day, hoping to 19 a fewminutes longer. By the end of two weeks, I could run for 30 minutes, which was a huge 20 .While I saw my body starting to look more toned, I also noticed my negative thoughts didn't occur that 21 And it sparked a thought—what if I could set a running 22 and sign up for my first- ever race? I did and races sort of became a new hobby.In the meantime, I was able to 23 a few freelance （自由职业的）projects. They offered me a good24 , and, most importantly, the time to work out for the big race. Also, when I was going for interviews,I started to feel very 25 in my abilities, experience and skills.I got my full-time job 26 at my dream company just a couple of weeks before the halfmarathon. Although I got an 27 from overtraining right before the race, I still went for it and still finished within my28 time.I still have a long running 29 ahead of me—I'd love to work on my speed, my technique and I dream of running a marathon outside of the US. Running gives me 30 that I can do anything I set my mind to.11. A. attend B. avoid C. pursue D. postpone12. A. options B • plans C. hopes D・odds13. A. dark B. deep C. critical D. random14. A. caU B. look C. cheer D. stand15. A. sympathy B. pleasure C. luck D. energy16. A. lift B. shot C. break D. choice17. A. meets B. leaves C. takes D. drops18. A. came B. fell C. went D. slowed19. A. last B. walk C. rest D. function20. A. credit B. impact C. success D. opportunity21. A. readily B. frequently C. normally D. occasionally22. A. goal B. limit C. record D. standard23. A. create B. secure C. approve D. continue24. A. service B. position C. future D. income25. A. absorbed B. interested C. confident D. confused26. A. offer B. permit C. schedule D. application27. A. award B. honor C. injury D. issue28. A. appointed B. expected C. original D. spare29. A. show B. route C. distance D. journey30. A. faith B. consideration C. evidence D. guidance第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。