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英文原文阅读Mistakes Improve Children's LearningEveryone makes mistakes and children are no exception. What's important is how we learn from them. Yet, children grow up in a society that pressures them to be perfect and intelligent - to achieve the highest SAT scores, land prized scholarships, and get into the best universities. Parents reinforce this pressure at home when they cover up children's mistakes, correct homework to improve grades, or drill knowledge into kids until they get it right. Stress is increased when children are constantly praised for their intelligence. How does this focus on perfection and IQ affect learning? And how can we help children and teens believe in themselves by accepting their mistakes and learning from them?A recent Scientific American article, Getting it Wrong: Surprising Tips on How to Learn,supports a number of learning and developmental theories. Historically, many educators have created conditions for learning that do not encourage errors. And parents have followed suit. For example, if we drill children over and over again with the same math problem, they will eventually remember the answer. And if they are lucky, they will remember the answer on a standardized test.This approach to learning assumes that if students are allowed to make mistakes, they will not learn the correct information. However, recent research shows this to be an incorrect assumption. In fact, studies have found that learning is enhanced when children make mistakes!Whether it involves homework, developing friendships, or playing soccer, learning is enriched through error. Making mistakes is part of how kids are challenged to learn to do things differently. It motivates them to try new approaches.Carol Dweck, a professor at Stanford University, studies the importance of challenging children, even if they get things wrong. Her research shows that praising children for their intelligence can actually make them less likely to persist in the face of challenge. She and her colleagues followed hundreds of 5th grade children in New York City schools. One group was praised for their intelligence while the other group was praised for their effort.When the 5th graders were challenged with an extremely difficult test designed for 8th graders, a surprising result occurred. The students who had been praised for their effort worked very hard, even though they made a lot of mistakes. The kids praised for being smart became discouraged and saw their mistakes as a sign of failure. Intelligence testing for the kids praised for their effort increased by 30% while the kids praised for their intelligence dropped by 20%.。

雅思阅读经济类文章精选

雅思阅读经济类文章精选雅思阅读中经常考到经济题材的阅读，为了帮助大家提高分数，下面小编为大家分享几篇雅思阅读经济类文章精选，供大家参考。

雅思阅读经济类文章精选1The magic of diasporasImmigrant networks are a rare bright spark in the world economy. Rich countries should welcome themTHIS is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week over lapses in its border controls. In America Barack Obama has failed to deliver the immigration reform he promised ，and Republican presidential candidates would rather electrify the border fence with Mexico than educate the children of illegal aliens. America educates foreign scientists in its universities and then expels them， a policy the mayor of New York calls "national suicide".This illiberal turn in attitudes to migration is no surprise. It is the result of cyclical economic gloom combined with a secular rise in pressure on rich countries' borders. But governments now weighing up whether or not to try to slam the door should consider another factor： the growing economic importance of diasporas， and the contribution they can make to a country's economic growth.Old networks， new communicationsDiaspora networks—of Huguenots， Scots， Jews and many others—have always been a potent economic force，but the cheapness and ease of modern travel has made them larger and more numerous than ever before. There are now 215m first-generation migrants around the world： that's 3% of the world'spopulation. If they were a nation， it would be a little larger than Brazil. There are more Chinese people living outside China than there are French people in France. Some 22m Indians are scattered all over the globe. Small concentrations of ethnic and linguistic groups have always been found in surprising places—Lebanese in west Africa，Japanese in Brazil and Welsh in Patagonia， for instance—but they have been joined by newer ones， such as west Africans in southern China.These networks of kinship and language make it easier to do business across borders. They speed the flow of information： a Chinese trader in Indonesia who spots a gap in the market for cheap umbrellas will alert his cousin in Shenzhen who knows someone who runs an umbrella factory. Kinship ties foster trust，so they can seal the deal and get the umbrellas to Jakarta before the rainy season ends. Trust matters，especially in emerging markets where the rule of law is weak. So does a knowledge of the local culture. That is why so much foreign direct investment in China still passes through the Chinese diaspora. And modern communications make these networks an even more powerful tool of business.Diasporas also help spread ideas. Many of the emerging world's brightest minds are educated at Western universities. An increasing number go home， taking with them both knowledge and contacts. Indian computer scientists in Bangalore bounce ideas constantly off their Indian friends in Silicon Valley. China's technology industry is dominated by "sea turtles" (Chinese who have lived abroad and returned).Diasporas spread money， too. Migrants into rich countries not only send cash to their families; they also help companies in their host country operate in their home country. A HarvardBusiness School study shows that American companies that employ lots of ethnic Chinese people find it much easier to set up in China without a joint venture with a local firm.Such arguments are unlikely to make much headway against hostility towards immigrants in rich countries. Fury against foreigners is usually based on two (mutually incompatible) notions： that because so many migrants claim welfare they are a drain on the public purse; and that because they are prepared to work harder for less pay they will depress the wages of those at the bottom of the pile.The first is usually not true (in Britain，for instance，immigrants claim benefits less than indigenous people do)， and the second is hard to establish either way. Some studies do indeed suggest that competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals. But others find this effect to be small or non-existent.Nor is it possible to establish the impact of migration on overall growth. The sums are simply too difficult. Yet there are good reasons for believing that it is likely to be positive. Migrants tend to be hard-working and innovative. That spurs productivity and company formation. A recent study carried out by Duke University showed that， while immigrants make up an eighth of America's population， they founded a quarter of the country's technology and engineering firms. And，by linking the West with emerging markets， diasporas help rich countries to plug into fast-growing economies.Rich countries are thus likely to benefit from looser immigration policy; and fears that poor countries will suffer as a result of a "brain drain" are overblown. The prospect of working abroad spurs more people to acquire valuable skills， and not allsubsequently emigrate. Skilled migrants send money home，and they often return to set up new businesses. One study found that unless they lose more than 20% of their university graduates，the brain drain makes poor countries richer.Indian takeawaysGovernment as well as business gains from the spread of ideas through diasporas. Foreign-educated Indians，including the prime minister， Manmohan Singh (Oxford and Cambridge) and his sidekick Montek Ahluwalia (Oxford)， played a big role in bringing economic reform to India in the early 1990s. Some 500，000 Chinese people have studied abroad and returned，mostly in the past decade; they dominate the think-tanks that advise the government，and are moving up the ranks of the Communist Party. Cheng Li of the Brookings Institution，an American think-tank，predicts that they will be 15-17% of its Central Committee next year，up from 6% in 2002. Few sea turtles call openly for democracy. But they have seen how it works in practice，and they know that many countries that practise it are richer， cleaner and more stable than China.As for the old world，its desire to close its borders is understandable but dangerous. Migration brings youth to ageing countries，and allows ideas to circulate in millions of mobile minds. That is good both for those who arrive with suitcases and dreams and for those who should welcome them.雅思阅读经济类文章精选2Euro zone's unexplodedTHE euro-zone crisis is not solved and is not likely to be solved soon, but the greatest immediate danger has been avoided. Two points worth stressing.1) The euro-zone economy has some "unexplodedordinance" in it that is likely to explode eventually, but no one really knows whether it is a grenade, a 1000kg bomb, or a nuclear device; what leaders did last week and are doing this week is making sure it is NOT a nuclear device.Europe still faces a number of vortices that could pull down the euro zone if allowed to get going: the "Greek" austerity-budget deficit vortex, and the "Lehman vortex" that sucked Dexia below water, as per the diagram below.However, euro-zone leaders seen to have finally rendered the worst vortex inoperable, namely the "Irish" vortex where by shocks pull down banks, banks pull down governments and then the vortex spreads to the next government in line. In this case it would have been Greek restructuring pulling down banks that forced nationalisation that forced downgrades that drove up yields which then made the governments insolvent. As this might rapidly have reached Italy and Spain, the "nuclear" outcome was truly scary—the sort of thing that had Charles Wyplosz talking about 1930s-like outcomes.The first revelation is that they have now finally 三立在线 that backstopping the banks is absolutely essential, mostly via recapitalisation. I’d guess that they’ll flub the job at the EU and G20 summits but that doesn’t really matter. They are now at "battle stations" when it comes to the banks, so we won’t have a Lehman-like moment that then brings down the world’s third largest debtor (Italy). Either national governments, or the EFSF will make sure the banks remain intact regardless.The second revelation is that regardless of what they do to scale up the EFSF, it won’t be big enough to backstop sovereigns in a way that will prevent contagion. However, this doesn’t matter as the ECB will be forced to step in—just as itdid in August and for exactly the same reason. Contagion spreading to Italy, Spain, Belgium, Malta, France etc would spell a very rapid and very ugly end to the euro zone. Besides, they have the ready excuse that they employed in August about orderly markets and monetary policy. But not all is for the best in this best of all possible worlds. The law of unintended consequences will be fully enforced.雅思阅读经济类文章精选3雅思阅读：Whose lost decade?Japan's economy works better than pessimists think—at least for the elderly.THE Japanese say they suffer from an economic disease called "structural pessimism". Overseas too， there is a tendency to see Japan as a harbinger of all that is doomed in the economies of the euro zone and America—even though figures released on November 14th show its economy grew by an annualised 6% in the third quarter， rebounding quickly from the March tsunami and nuclear disaster.Look dispassionately at Japan's economic performance over the past ten years， though， and "the second lost decade"， if not the first，is a misnomer. Much of what tarnishes Japan's image is the result of demography—more than half its population is over 45—as well as its poor policy in dealing with it. Even so， most Japanese have grown richer over the decade.In aggregate，Japan's economy grew at half the pace of America's between 2001 and 2010. Yet if judged by growth in GDP per person over the same period，then Japan has outperformed America and the euro zone (see chart 1). In part this is because its population has shrunk whereas America's population has increased.Though growth in labour productivity fell slightly short of America's from 2000 to 2008，total factor productivity， a measure of how a country uses capital and labour， grew faster，according to the T okyo-based Asian Productivity Organisation. Japan's unemployment rate is higher than in 2000，yet it remains about half the level of America and Europe (see chart 2).Besides supposed stagnation， the two other curses of the Japanese economy are debt and deflation. Yet these also partly reflect demography and can be overstated. People often think of Japan as an indebted country. In fact， it is the world's biggest creditor nation，boasting ￥253 trillion ($3.3 trillion) in net foreign assets.To be sure， its government is a large debtor; its net debt as a share of GDP is one of the highest in the OECD. However， the public debt has been accrued not primarily through wasteful spending or "bridges to nowhere"，but because of ageing，says the IMF. Social-security expenditure doubled as a share of GDP between 1990 and 2010 to pay rising pensions and health-care costs. Over the same period tax revenues have shrunk.Falling tax revenues are a problem. The flip side， though，is that Japan has the lowest tax take of any country in the OECD，at just 17% of GDP. That gives it plenty of room to manoeuvre. Takatoshi Ito，an economist at the University of T okyo，says increasing the consumption tax by 20 percentage points from its current 5%—putting it at the level of a high-tax European country—would raise ￥50 trillion and immediately wipe out Japan's fiscal deficit.That sounds draconian. But here again， demography plays a role. Officials say the elderly resist higher taxes or benefit cuts，and the young， who are in a minority， do not have the politicalpower to push for what is in their long-term interest. David Weinstein，professor of Japanese economy at Columbia University in New York，says the elderly would rather give money to their children than pay it in taxes. Ultimately that may mean that benefits may shrink in the future. "If you want benefits to grow in line with income，as they are now，you need a massive increase in taxes of about 10% of GDP，" he says.Demography helps explain Japan's stubborn deflation， too，he says. After all， falling prices give savers—most of whom are elderly—positive real yields even when nominal interest rates are close to zero. Up until now，holding government bonds has been a good bet. Domestic savers remain willing to roll them over，which enables the government to fund its deficits. Yet this comes at a cost to the rest of the economy.In short， Japan's economy works better for those middle-aged and older than it does for the young. But it is not yet in crisis， and economists say there is plenty it could do to raise its potential growth rate， as well as to lower its debt burden.Last weekend Yoshihiko Noda， the prime minister， took a brave shot at promoting reform when he said Japan planned to start consultations towards joining the Trans-Pacific Partnership. This is an American-backed free-trade zone that could lead to a lowering of tariffs on a huge swath of goods and services. Predictably it is elderly farmers， doctors and small businessmen who are most against it.Reforms to other areas， such as the tax and benefit system，might be easier if the government could tell the Japanese a different story： not that their economy is mired in stagnation，but that its performance reflects the ups and downs of an ageing society，and that the old as well as the young need to makesacrifices.The trouble is that the downbeat narrative is deeply ingrained. The current crop of leading Japanese politicians，bureaucrats and businessmen are themselves well past middle age. Many think they have sacrificed enough since the glory days of the 1980s， when Japan's economy seemed unstoppable. Mr Weinstein says they suffer from "diminished-giant syndrome"，nervously watching the economic rise of China. If they compared themselves instead with America and Europe， they might feel heartened enough to make some of the tough choices needed.Immigrant networks are a rare bright spark in the world economy. Rich countries should welcome themTHIS is not a good time to be foreign. Anti-immigrant parties are gaining ground in Europe. Britain has been fretting this week over lapses in its border controls. In America Barack Obama has failed to deliver the immigration reform he promised ，and Republican presidential candidates would rather electrify the border fence with Mexico than educate the children of illegal aliens. America educates foreign scientists in its universities and then expels them， a policy the mayor of New York calls "national suicide".This illiberal turn in attitudes to migration is no surprise. It is the result of cyclical economic gloom combined with a secular rise in pressure on rich countries' borders. But governments now weighing up whether or not to try to slam the door should consider another factor： the growing economic importance of diasporas， and the contribution they can make to a country's economic growth.Old networks， new communicationsDiaspora networks—of Huguenots， Scots， Jews and manyothers—have always been a potent economic force，but the cheapness and ease of modern travel has made them larger and more numerous than ever before. There are now 215m first-generation migrants around the world： that's 3% of the world's population. If they were a nation， it would be a little larger than Brazil. There are more Chinese people living outside China than there are French people in France. Some 22m Indians are scattered all over the globe. Small concentrations of ethnic and linguistic groups have always been found in surprising places—Lebanese in west Africa，Japanese in Brazil and Welsh in Patagonia， for instance—but they have been joined by newer ones， such as west Africans in southern China.These networks of kinship and language make it easier to do business across borders. They speed the flow of information： a Chinese trader in Indonesia who spots a gap in the market for cheap umbrellas will alert his cousin in Shenzhen who knows someone who runs an umbrella factory. Kinship ties foster trust，so they can seal the deal and get the umbrellas to Jakarta before the rainy season ends. Trust matters，especially in emerging markets where the rule of law is weak. So does a knowledge of the local culture. That is why so much foreign direct investment in China still passes through the Chinese diaspora. And modern communications make these networks an even more powerful tool of business.Diasporas also help spread ideas. Many of the emerging world's brightest minds are educated at Western universities. An increasing number go home， taking with them both knowledge and contacts. Indian computer scientists in Bangalore bounce ideas constantly off their Indian friends in Silicon Valley. China's technology industry is dominated by "sea turtles" (Chinese whohave lived abroad and returned).Diasporas spread money， too. Migrants into rich countries not only send cash to their families; they also help companies in their host country operate in their home country. A Harvard Business School study shows that American companies that employ lots of ethnic Chinese people find it much easier to set up in China without a joint venture with a local firm.Such arguments are unlikely to make much headway against hostility towards immigrants in rich countries. Fury against foreigners is usually based on two (mutually incompatible) notions： that because so many migrants claim welfare they are a drain on the public purse; and that because they are prepared to work harder for less pay they will depress the wages of those at the bottom of the pile.The first is usually not true (in Britain，for instance，immigrants claim benefits less than indigenous people do)， and the second is hard to establish either way. Some studies do indeed suggest that competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals. But others find this effect to be small or non-existent.Nor is it possible to establish the impact of migration on overall growth. The sums are simply too difficult. Yet there are good reasons for believing that it is likely to be positive. Migrants tend to be hard-working and innovative. That spurs productivity and company formation. A recent study carried out by Duke University showed that， while immigrants make up an eighth of America's population， they founded a quarter of the country's technology and engineering firms. And，by linking the West with emerging markets， diasporas help rich countries to plug into fast-growing economies.Rich countries are thus likely to benefit from looser immigration policy; and fears that poor countries will suffer as a result of a "brain drain" are overblown. The prospect of working abroad spurs more people to acquire valuable skills， and not all subsequently emigrate. Skilled migrants send money home，and they often return to set up new businesses. One study found that unless they lose more than 20% of their university graduates，the brain drain makes poor countries richer.Indian takeawaysGovernment as well as business gains from the spread of ideas through diasporas. Foreign-educated Indians，including the prime minister， Manmohan Singh (Oxford and Cambridge) and his sidekick Montek Ahluwalia (Oxford)， played a big role in bringing economic reform to India in the early 1990s. Some 500，000 Chinese people have studied abroad and returned，mostly in the past decade; they dominate the think-tanks that advise the government，and are moving up the ranks of the Communist Party. Cheng Li of the Brookings Institution，an American think-tank，predicts that they will be 15-17% of its Central Committee next year，up from 6% in 2002. Few sea turtles call openly for democracy. But they have seen how it works in practice，and they know that many countries that practise it are richer， cleaner and more stable than China.As for the old world，its desire to close its borders is understandable but dangerous. Migration brings youth to ageing countries，and allows ideas to circulate in millions of mobile minds. That is good both for those who arrive with suitcases and dreams and for those who should welcome them.。

剑桥雅思阅读9(test1)原文答案解析

剑桥雅思阅读9(test1)原文答案解析雅思阅读部分的真题资料，同学们需要进行一些细致的总结，比如说解析其实就是很重要的内容，接下来就是店铺给同学们带来的关于剑桥雅思阅读9原文解析(test1)的内容，一起来详细的分析一下吧，希望对你们的备考有所帮助。

剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.William Henry PerkinThe man who invented synthetic dyesWilliam Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early intere sts in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry.As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he becameHofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Thus, when Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge.During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on th e top floor of his family’s house. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product. Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly in society at the time only the rich could afford it. Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly. It was against this backdrop that Perkin’sdiscovery was made.Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour fabric, thus making it the world’s first synthetic dye. Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities.Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e. would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country. Not to be outdone, England’s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.Although Perkin’s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859)and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.5 The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.Questions 8-13Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.8 Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?9 What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?11 What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?12 In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?13 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has five paragraphs, A-E.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-E from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-vii, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Seeking the transmission of radio signals from planetsii Appropriate responses to signals from other civilisations iii Vast distances to Earth’s closest neighboursiv Assumptions underlying the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencev Reasons for the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencevi Knowledge of extra-terrestrial life formsvii Likelihood of life on other planetsExample AnswerParagraph A v14 Paragraph B15 Paragraph C16 Paragraph D17 Paragraph EIS THERE ANYBODY OUT THERE?The Search for Extra-terrestrial IntelligenceThe question of whether we are alone in the Universe has haunted humanity for centuries, but we may now stand poised on the brink of the answer to that question, as we search for radio signals from other intelligent civilisations. This search, often known by the acronym SETI (search for extra-terrestrial intelligence), is a difficult one. Although groups around the world have been searching intermittently for three decades, it is only now that we have reached the level of technology where we can make a determined attempt to search all nearby stars for any sign of life.AThe primary reason for the search is basic curiosity hethe same curiosity about the natural world that drives all pure science. We want to know whether we are alone in the Universe. We want to know whether life evolves naturally if given the right conditions, or whether there is something very special about the Earth to have fostered the variety of life forms that, we seearound us on the planet. The simple detection of a radio signal will be sufficient to answer this most basic of all questions. In this sense, SETI is another cog in the machinery of pure science which is continually pushing out the horizon of our knowledge. However, there are other reasons for being interested in whether life exists elsewhere. For example, we have had civilisation on Earth for perhaps only a few thousand years, and the threats of nuclear war and pollution over the last few decades have told us that our survival may be tenuous. Will we last another two thousand years or will we wipe ourselves out? Since the lifetime of a planet like ours is several billion years, we can expect that, if other civilisations do survive in our galaxy, their ages will range from zero to several billion years. Thus any other civilisation that we hear from is likely to be far older, on average, than ourselves. The mere existence of such a civilisation will tell us that long-term survival is possible, and gives us some cause for optimism. It is even possible that the older civilisation may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered.BIn discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration (although it is also important to keep an open mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future). Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form,quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.CEven when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited. We do not even know, for example, how many stars have planets, and we certainly do not know how likely it is that life will arise naturally, given the right conditions. However, when we look at the 100 billion stars in our galaxy (the Milky Way), and 100 billion galaxies in the observable Universe, it seems inconceivable that at least one of these planets does not have a life form on it; in fact, the best educated guess we can make, using the little that we do know about the conditions for carbon-based life, leads us to estimate that perhaps one in 100,000 stars might have a life-bearing planet orbiting it. That means that our nearest neighbours are perhaps 100 light years away, which is almost next door in astronomical terms.DAn alien civilistation could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy, but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy. It turns out that, for a given amount of transmitted power, radio waves in the frequency range 1000 to 3000 MHz travel the greatest distance, and so all searches to date have concentrated on looking forradio waves in this frequency range. So far there have been a number of searches by various groups around the world, including Australian searches using the radio telescope at Parkes, New South Wales. Until now there have not been any detections from the few hundred stars which have been searched. The scale of the searches has been increased dramatically since 1992, when the US Congress voted NASA $10 million per year for ten years to conduct, a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life. Much of the money in this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once. The project has two parts. One part is a targeted search using the world’s largest radio telescopes, the American-operated telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico and the French telescope in Nancy in France. This part of the project is searching the nearest 1000 likely stars with high sensitivity for signals in the frequency rang 1000 to 3000 MHz. The other part of the project is an undirected search which is monitoring all of space with a lower sensitivity, using the smaller antennas of NASA’s Deep Space Network.EThere is considerable debate over how we should react if we detect a signal from an alien civilisation. Everybody agrees that we should not reply immediately. Quite apart from the impracticality of sending a reply over such large distances at short notice, it raises a host of ethical questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent. Would the human race face the culture shock if faced with a superior and much older civilisation? Luckily, there is no urgency about this. The stars being searched are hundreds of light years away, so it takes hundreds of years for their signal toreach us, and a further few hundred years for our reply to reach them. It’s not important, then, if there’s a delay of a few years, or decades, while the human race debates the question of whether to reply, and perhaps carefully drafts a reply.Questions 18-20Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 18-20 on your answer sheet.18 What is the life expectancy of Earth?19 What kind of signals from other intelligent civilisations are SETI scientists searching for?20 How many stars are the world’s most powerful radio telescopes searching?Questions 21-26Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the views of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this21 Alien civilisations may be able to help the human race to overcome serious problems.22 SETI scientists are trying to find a life form that resembles humans in many ways.23 The Americans and Australians have co-operated on joint research projects.24 So far SETI scientists have picked up radio signals from several stars.25 The NASA project attracted criticism from some members of Congress.26 If a signal from outer space is received, it will be important to respond promptly.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The history of the tortoiseIf you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the pla nts, without whose prior invasion of the land none of the other migrations could have happened.Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thorough going land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashoreto breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.There is evidence that all modern turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Plaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modern turtles and tortoises. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived on land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.Walter Joyce and Jacques Gauthier, at Yale University, obtained three measurements in these particular bones of 71 species of living turtles and tortoises. They used a kind of triangular graph paper to plot the three measurements against one another. All the land tortoise species formed a tight cluster of points in the upper part of the triangle; all the water turtles cluster in the lower part of the triangular graph. There was no overlap, except when they added some species that spend time both in water and on land. Sure enough, these amphibious species show up on the triangular graph approximately half way between the ‘wet cluster’ of sea turtles and the ‘dry cluster’of land tortoises. The next step was to determine where the fossils fell. The bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis leave us in no doubt. Their points on the graph are right in the thick of the dry cluster. Both these fossils were dry-land tortoises. They come from the era before our turtles returned to the water.You might think, therefore, that modern land tortoises have probably stayed on land ever since those early terrestrial times, as most mammals did after a few of them went back to the sea. But apparently not. If you draw out the family three of all modern turtles and tortoises, nearly all the branches are aquatic. Today’s land tortoises constitute a single branch, deeply nested among branches consisting of aquatic turtles. This suggests that modern land tortoises have not stayed on land continuously since the time of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis. Rather, their ancestors were among those who went back to the water, and they then reemerged back onto the land in (relatively) more recent times.Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return. In common with all mammals, reptiles and birds, their remote ancestors were marine fish and before that various more or less worm-like creatures stretching back, still in the sea, to the primeval bacteria. Later ancestors lived on land and stayed there for a very large number of generations. Later ancestors still evolved back into the water and became sea turtles. And finally they returned yet again to the land as tortoises, some of which now live in the driest of deserts.Questions 27-30Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 What had to transfer from sea to land before any animals could migrate?28 Which TWO processes are mentioned as those in which animals had to make big changes as they moved onto lands?29 Which physical feature, possessed by their ancestors, do whales lack?30 which animals might ichthyosaurs have resembled?Questions 31-33Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 31-33 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this31 Turtles were among the first group of animals to migrate back to the sea.32 It is always difficult to determine where an animal lived when its fossilised remains are incomplete.33 The habitat of ichthyosaurs can be determined by the appearance of their fossilised remains.Questions 34-39Complete the flow-chart below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.Method of determining where the ancestors of turtles and tortoises come fromStep 171 species of living turtles and tortoises were examined anda total of 34 ……………………. were taken from the bones of theirforelimbs.Step 2The data was recorded on a 35 ……………….. (necessary for comparing the information).Outcome: Land tortoises were represented by a dense 36 …………………………… of points towards the top.Sea turtles were grouped together in the bottom part.Step 3The same data was collected from some living 37 ………………. species and added to the other results.Outcome: The points for these species turned out to be positioned about 38 ……………… up the triangle between the land tortoises and the sea turtles.Step 4Bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis were examined in a similar way and the results added.Outcome: The position of the points indicated that both these ancient creatures were 39…………..Question 40Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.According to the writer, the most significant thing about tortoises is thatA they are able to adapt to life in extremely dry environments.B their original life form was a kind of primeval bacteria.C they have so much in common with sea turtles.D they have made the transition from sea to land more than once.剑桥雅思阅读9原文参考译文(test1)PASSAGE 1参考译文：William Henry Perkin 合成染料的发明者Wiliam Henry Perkin于1838年3月12日出生于英国伦敦。

雅思考试阅读全面解析及答案(4)

雅思考试阅读全面解析及答案(4)
雅思阅读解析及答案：竹子

讲竹子：讲了竹子其实也是濒危物种，但是没有得到大家应有的重视，大家忽视了竹子对生态的作用和生产价值。一开始说竹子是某些地方动物和人的重要食物来源，但竹子由于人口等问题而大大减少。然后说对于竹子的研究还处于基础阶段，然后是竹子对大自然的好处，竹子的商业价值，与其他脆弱的植物比较等等。
第一部分，说竹子是大猩猩等动物的重要食物来源，但由于人口增长等因素的影响，大大削减了竹子的生存空间。
第二部分，是某做的一个关于竹子的研究，并指出研究不够，还处于基础阶段；
第三部分，讲竹子的作用，主要其根部的生态作用。
第四部分，竹子的商业价值，比喻用竹子造纸等；
第五部分，有一些人认为竹子的生长对其他生物构成了威胁，一个专家不同意；
13.销量最大的竹子用品？paper
第六部分，展望未来！
题目类型
M+（NB段落匹配 1-7）
M （人名匹配 8-11）
ASQ （12-13）
参考答案
M:
不记得题目顺序了，只能大概回忆出其中几部分的段意
A人类活动给竹子造成威胁B？C竹子如何保持水土D竹子的商用价值E？F？
M：四个人，四道题
有一个人名没用过，有一个人名用过两次
SAQ：
12.竹子的根防止什么？Soil erosion

preserve the less used language 雅思阅读

preserve the less used language 雅思阅读全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：传统的语言是一个国家文化的重要组成部分，它们承载着历史和传统、价值观念和文化习俗。

随着全球化的发展和信息化时代的到来，一些少用语言正逐渐被边缘化和淡忘。

保护这些少用语言是非常重要的，因为它们不仅代表着文化多样性，也是人类智慧的结晶。

在雅思阅读中，经常会涉及到文化和语言方面的话题。

有时候，考生需要对保护少用语言的重要性进行讨论和分析。

保护这些少用语言的理由有很多，其中包括文化多样性的维护、历史传承的重要性、思维方式的不同以及少数民族的权益保护等方面。

通过对这些理由的分析和论证，考生能够更好地完成雅思阅读中的相关文章和题目。

一方面，少用语言的保护是为了维护文化多样性。

每种语言都是一种独特的文化表达方式，代表着不同群体的思维方式和人生观念。

如果这些少用语言被边缘化和淡忘，那么这种文化多样性也将随之消失。

保护少用语言是保护文化多样性和人类文明的一个重要方面。

保护少用语言也是为了保留历史传承的重要性。

许多少用语言是某个国家或地区的独特文化符号，它们承载着丰富的历史和传统。

如果这些少用语言消失，那么这些历史传承也将永远失去。

保护少用语言是保留文化遗产和历史传统的一种有效途径。

第二篇示例：随着全球化进程的加快和信息技术的飞速发展，世界上的很多少用语言正面临着被更为通用的语言所替代的趋势。

随着主要语言的普及，很多少用语言的使用者数量在迅速减少，有些甚至濒临灭绝的边缘。

在这个情况下，保护和保存这些少用语言变得尤为重要。

保护少用语言对于文化多样性的维护至关重要。

每一种语言都是其所属文化的载体和表现形式。

少用语言承载着一种独特的文化遗产，保护这些语言就是保护了这些文化。

如果这些语言消失了，那么这些文化的独特性和独特的观念也将会随之消失。

保护少用语言是实现文化多样性的一种重要方式。

保护少用语言对于维护人类的认知多样性也有着重要的作用。

雅思考试阅读理解范文

雅思考试阅读理解范文雅思考试是国际上非常著名的英语语言考试之一，其中阅读理解是考察考生英语阅读能力的重要部分。

在雅思考试中，阅读理解的题目种类繁多，涵盖了各种各样的文章类型，考生需要有很强的阅读能力和解题能力才能顺利完成考试。

接下来，我们将通过一篇范文来展示一种典型的雅思阅读理解题目及解答方式。

题目：The Benefits of Outdoor ExerciseOutdoor exercise has numerous benefits for both physical and mental health. Not only does it provide the opportunity to be active in a natural environment, but it also offers a welcome break from the hustle and bustle of modern life. In this article, we will explore the advantages of outdoor exercise and why it is becoming increasingly popular among fitness enthusiasts.首先，户外运动提供了大量新鲜空气和阳光，有益于身体健康。

相比于在健身房里面动辄闷热的空气，户外运动可以让人更加愉快地运动，呼吸到更多清新的空气，这对心肺功能和免疫系统都有好处。

此外，户外锻炼还能促进身体的新陈代谢，有助于消耗多余的脂肪，减轻体重，提高身体素质。

因此，越来越多的人选择在户外进行运动，享受这样一种健康的生活方式。

此外，户外运动还能促进心理健康。

在如今快节奏的生活中，人们常常感到压力大、焦虑和情绪低落。

而户外运动能够让人置身于大自然中，远离城市喧嚣，放松身心，舒缓压力。

研究表明，户外运动可以促进身体释放内啡肽，提高人的快感，缓解不良情绪，改善睡眠质量。

剑桥雅思10阅读精讲

剑桥雅思10阅读精讲剑桥雅思10阅读精讲共包含4篇文章，涵盖了不同主题的阅读材料，包括历史、科学、文化等领域。

下面将分别为每篇文章提供相关参考内容，以帮助考生更好地理解和准备相关考试。

文章1：The Discovery of Uranus《The Discovery of Uranus》这篇文章讲述了天王星的发现及其对天文学的影响。

考生需要注意文章中的一些专有名词和具体数据，以及概括文章主旨的能力。

下面是相关参考内容：首先，文章首先介绍了天王星的发现者威廉·赫歇尔及其对天文学的贡献。

同时，文章还提到了他对天王星轨道的研究和其因此获得皇家学会金质奖章的成就。

接着，文章细致地描述了赫歇尔如何观测到天王星并开始对其进行研究的过程。

这一部分包括了他使用一系列的望远镜并得出天王星是一颗星体的结论的细节。

然后，文章分析了赫歇尔对天王星轨道的研究结果，并指出他的研究发现了一个新的行星。

这一部分需要考生能够理解赫歇尔研究的方法和结论，并对其意义有所了解。

最后，文章强调了天王星的发现对天文学的重大影响。

考生需要了解天王星被认为是太阳系内第七颗行星，并且它的轨道是不规则的。

文章2：Language Death《Language Death》这篇文章探讨了语言消亡的原因及其对文化多样性和人类社会的影响。

考生需要注意文章中涉及的各种原因和对策，并能够概括文章的主旨。

下面是相关参考内容：首先，文章介绍了语言消亡的现象及其原因。

这一部分需要考生了解语言消亡的定义，并对如移民、全球化和文化压力等原因有所了解。

然后，文章探讨了语言消亡对文化多样性和人类社会的影响。

这一部分包括了对语言多样性和文化遗产的重要性的阐述。

接下来，文章提出了保护和复兴濒危语言的方法和策略。

这一部分需要考生了解一些国家和组织已经采取的措施，并对其有效性和可行性有所了解。

最后，文章总结了语言消亡的影响和挑战。

考生需要能够概括文章的主旨，并对语言消亡的重要性有所理解。

剑桥雅思最简单的一篇阅读

剑桥雅思最简单的一篇阅读雅思考试是许多学生想要进入国外学府或移民的必备条件之一。

而阅读部分是考试的一个重要环节，要求考生阅读并理解一些关于不同主题的文章。

在雅思阅读部分中，剑桥雅思提供了一系列不同难度的文章，让考生能够逐步提高自己的阅读能力。

本文将介绍剑桥雅思中最简单的一篇阅读。

这篇最简单的剑桥雅思阅读文章是一篇关于狗的文章。

文章长度适中，约300词左右。

文章主要讲述了狗作为人类最忠诚的朋友之一，它们在人类生活中的重要作用以及一些关于狗的有趣事实。

文章的第一段是一个简短的介绍，引出了狗的重要性。

接下来的几个段落分别介绍了狗的不同特点和行为，包括狗的智商、听觉和嗅觉的敏锐度，以及狗对人类的情感连结。

文章还提到了一些狗的品种和它们的不同用途，例如导盲犬、警犬等。

在文章的结尾部分，作者呼吁人们要善待狗，并强调它们对人类生活的积极影响。

文章用简洁明了的语言描述了狗的特点和行为，对于阅读能力较弱的考生来说，理解起来相对容易。

这篇文章相对简单的原因之一是它的词汇和语法用法相对简单。

大多数单词和句子都是常用词汇和简单的语法结构，不需要太高的词汇量和语法知识。

另外，文章的结构也相对简单，作者通过使用清晰的段落和简洁的句子，使得整篇文章的逻辑关系和主旨清晰明了。

对于考生来说，阅读这篇文章的关键是掌握一些阅读技巧。

首先，考生可以通过快速阅读全文来了解文章的大意和结构。

其次，考生可以注意关键词和词组，帮助理解文章的内容。

例如，关键词“狗的智商”可以帮助考生理解有关狗的智力的那一段。

最后，考生可以通过预测答案的方式来提高解题的准确性。

例如，当遇到问题“狗为什么被认为是人类最忠诚的朋友之一？”时，考生可以根据文章内容预测答案，然后再仔细阅读相关段落以确认答案。

总之，这篇剑桥雅思阅读中最简单的一篇文章涉及到了狗的特点和作用，语言简单易懂，词汇和语法相对简单，结构清晰。

考生可以通过掌握一些阅读技巧来更好地理解和回答相关问题。

雅思剑桥5阅读解析

雅思剑桥5阅读解析全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：雅思剑桥5阅读解析雅思考试对考生的阅读能力要求较高，其中雅思剑桥系列是备考雅思阅读的权威资料之一。

本文将对雅思剑桥5的阅读部分进行解析，帮助考生更好地备考雅思阅读。

雅思剑桥5共分为三个部分，分别是雅思听力部分、阅读部分和写作部分。

其中阅读部分包含了三篇文章，分别是《如何使用火焰吹管》、《被动太阳能》和《情感类型》。

这三篇文章分别涉及了科学技术、环保和心理学等不同领域的知识，考察考生对不同主题的理解和解析能力。

首先我们来解析第一篇文章《如何使用火焰吹管》。

这篇文章主要介绍了使用火焰吹管的方法和步骤，以及火焰吹管在实验室中的应用。

考生在阅读这篇文章时，需要关注文章中的关键词和关键信息，同时要能够理解文章的整体结构和主旨。

通过阅读这篇文章，考生可以了解火焰吹管的原理和用途，从而提高自己对科学实验的理解能力。

雅思剑桥5的阅读部分涉及了不同领域的知识，考察考生对不同主题的理解和解析能力。

考生在备考雅思阅读时，应该注重扩大自己的知识面，提高理解和解析能力，同时要多做真题练习，提高应试技巧。

希望本文的解析能够帮助考生更好地备考雅思阅读，取得理想的成绩。

第二篇示例：雅思考试是全球最为知名的英语能力考试之一，而阅读部分是其中的一个重要组成部分。

剑桥雅思5是一本备考雅思阅读的经典教材，本文将对该教材进行解析，帮助考生更好地备考雅思阅读部分。

第一篇文章是关于《鸟类迁徙的进化》的，主要讲述了鸟类迁徙的特点和影响因素。

文章中提到，鸟类迁徙是鸟类适应环境变化的一种生存策略，能帮助它们避开恶劣的气候条件。

文章还讨论了鸟类迁徙的进化历程，以及不同种类鸟类迁徙的差异。

考生在阅读这篇文章时，可以先了解一下鸟类迁徙的基本概念，再仔细分析文章中提到的各种因素，理解鸟类迁徙的原因和意义。

第二篇文章是关于《短时间内消失的风景》的，主要讨论了人类活动对自然环境的影响。

文章指出，人类的过度开发和破坏导致了很多珍贵的自然景观在短时间内消失，给生态系统和生物多样性带来了巨大的影响。

雅思阅读真题解析与答案2023年

雅思阅读真题解析与答案2023年雅思（IELTS）阅读考试是国际英语语言测试系统的一部分，用于评估考生在阅读理解方面的能力。

考生在备考过程中，需要熟悉真题，并进行解析和答案的掌握。

本文将为大家提供2023年雅思阅读真题解析与答案。

第一篇真题及答案解析：文章主题：环境保护题目：Environmentally Friendly Travel Options原文摘录：In recent years, many people have become more aware ofthe negative impact of air travel on the environment. As a result, individuals and organizations have been looking for alternative, environmentallyfriendly travel options. One such option gaining popularity is train travel.答案解析：这篇文章主要讨论了环境友好型旅行方式，解决了人们对空中旅行对环境的负面影响的担忧。

其中提到铁路旅行作为一种环境友好型的旅行方式备受青睐。

第二篇真题及答案解析：文章主题：社会问题题目：The Impact of Social Media原文摘录：Social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and connect with others. However, it also has its downsides. One majorimpact of social media is the increased feeling of isolation and loneliness among individuals.答案解析：这篇文章主要探讨了社交媒体的影响。

8月13日雅思阅读必看文章

8月13日雅思阅读必看文章儒艮=美人鱼?介绍一种叫做Dugong的海底生物，还有一种sea bed grass关于都钢(Dugong)，俗名叫海牛(Seacow)的一点介绍，“······普通名字是曼乃蒂(Manatee)或都钢(Dugong)，俗名叫海牛(Seacow)。

今天活着的尚有四种，西印度种，亚马逊种(只住在淡水)，西非洲种和南亚洲种，本来还有一种冷水海牛住在白令海峡，专吃海藻，体型特大，一七三零年为德国人发现，只三十年就被苏联渔人赶尽杀绝而灭种了。

今天全世界只有十架骨骼标本，美国有一架保存在哈佛大学博物馆。

Summary讲故事Storytelling第一段概述讲故事的历史第二段讲用工具帮助讲故事第三段讲用语言讲故事第四段讲记录故事第五段讲看电影导致人们以为图像很重要之类的第六段讲古希腊亚里士多德同学的理论，提到一本书第七段讲阿同学怎么讲故事，故事的两种类型，A同学讲悲剧，还有H同学是landmark后面两段说的故事里的英雄什么的，最后一句是说A说英雄要有weakness才能更吸引观众。

LOH澳洲人类考古Colin Groves and Alan Thorne have been fighting for years about a man who died roughly 60,000 years ago. They are arguing about the DNA of this man, known as Mungo Man.Matching （8）文章大意：关于预言家的文章，问题就是一个MATCHING 要把几个DOCTOR的名字和他们的IDEA 联系起来，6个人，7个IDEA，可以重复配对，观点都特长。

然后是填空，最后是个多选，不太记得题目是什么了7选三。

巨长还全都是小字密密麻麻的。

雅思考试阅读理解范文

雅思考试阅读理解范文雅思考试是国际英语语言测试系统（International English Language Testing System）的简称，广泛应用于世界各地的大学和移民机构。

其中，阅读理解是考试的一个重要部分，考察考生对英文文章的理解和分析能力。

下面将为大家提供一篇适用于雅思考试阅读理解的范文，帮助考生更好地备考。

Travel Destinations for Nature LoversIn recent years, eco-tourism has become increasingly popular as people are more aware of the importance of protecting the environment. For nature lovers who seek to appreciate the beauty of untouched natural landscapes, here are three travel destinations recommended for you.Destination 1: The Galapagos IslandsLocated off the western coast of South America, the Galapagos Islands are famous for their unique and diverse ecosystems. With its stunning volcanic landscapes, crystal-clear waters, and diverse wildlife, the Galapagos Islands have long been a paradise for nature enthusiasts. Visitors can explore the islands by boat, snorkeling or diving, and observe the famous Galapagos tortoises, sea lions, and marine iguanas. The Galapagos Islands offer a once-in-a-lifetime experience for those who are passionate about nature and conservation.Destination 2: Banff National Park, CanadaNestled in the heart of the Canadian Rockies, Banff National Park is a haven for outdoor enthusiasts. Known for its breathtaking mountain scenery,emerald lakes, and abundant wildlife, Banff offers endless opportunities for hiking, camping, and wildlife spotting. Visitors can explore the famous Lake Louise, hike to the stunning Moraine Lake, or take a scenic drive along the Icefields Parkway. Banff National Park provides a tranquil escape for those who want to immerse themselves in the beauty of nature.Destination 3: The Amazon Rainforest, BrazilCovering a vast area in South America, the Amazon Rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world. It is home to an incredible array of plant and animal species, many of which cannot be found anywhere else on Earth. Exploring the Amazon Rainforest offers a unique chance to witness the wonders of biodiversity and learn about the delicate balance of nature. From guided jungle tours to river cruises, visitors can discover the rich flora and fauna while experiencing the local indigenous cultures. The Amazon Rainforest is truly a treasure trove for nature lovers and adventure seekers.In conclusion, these three travel destinations – the Galapagos Islands, Banff National Park, and the Amazon Rainforest – offer unparalleled experiences for nature lovers. Whether you are fascinated by wildlife, majestic mountains, or lush rainforests, these destinations provide opportunities to appreciate and protect our natural world. So, pack your bags, grab your camera, and embark on a journey of discovery and wonder!。

雅思阅读篇

济南新航道学校IELTS READING雅思阅读高分必备习题集注：本习题集仅供济南新航道内部学员使用，严禁翻印，传阅。

Contents1.Amateur naturalist 业余自然学家（P3）municating Styles and Conflict 交流的方式与冲突(P6)3.Health in the Wild 野生动物自愈.(p10)4.The Rainmaker 人工造雨(P13)5.Shoemaker-Levy 9 Collision with Jupiter 舒梅克彗星撞木星(P16)6. A second look at twin studies 双胞胎研究(P19)7.Transit of Venus 金星凌日(P22)8.Placebo Effect—The Power of Nothing安慰剂效应(P25)9.The origins of Laughter 笑的起源(P29)10.Rainwater Harvesting 雨水收集(P32)11.Serendipity:The Accidental Scientists科学偶然性(P36)12.T erminated! Dinosaur Era! 恐龙时代的终结(P40) ADDICTION 电视上瘾(P43)14.E I nino and Seabirds 厄尔尼诺和水鸟(P46)15.T he extinct grass in Britain 英国灭绝的某种草(P50)16.E ducation philosophy教育的哲学(P53)17.T he secret of Yawn打哈欠的秘密(P57)18.c onsecutive and simultaneous translation交替传译和同声传译(P60)19.N umeracy: can animals tell numbers?动物会数数么？(P63)20.G oing nowhere fast(P66)21.T he seedhunters种子收集者(P69)22.T he conquest of Malaria in Italy意大利征服疟疾(P72)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.文章背景：业余自然学家主要讲述的是有一些人，平时喜欢观察自然界的植物生长，养蜂过程，气候变化，等等与大自然相关的变化并且做记录得到一些数据，这种数据叫做“amateur data”. 本文主要介绍业余自然学家以及一些专业自然学家探讨业余自然学家的数据是否能用，以及应该如何使用这些自然学家的数据，其可信度有多少等问题。

雅思阅读原文翻译

雅思阅读原文翻译雅思阅读是衡量考生英语阅读能力的重要环节，其原文通常选自各类学术文章，涉及广泛的话题。

为了帮助大家更好地理解雅思阅读原文，提高阅读水平，本文将选取一些具有代表性的雅思阅读原文进行翻译和解析。

一、生物科学类原文：The discovery of the structure of DNA was one of the most important scientific breakthroughs of the 20th century.This breakthrough has had a profound impact on biology, leading to significant advances in fields such as genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology.翻译：发现DNA结构是20世纪最重要的科学突破之一。

这一突破对生物学产生了深远的影响，推动了遗传学、分子生物学和生物技术等领域的重大进步。

二、环境科学类原文：Climate change is a pressing global issue that demands urgent attention.Rising global temperatures have led to more frequent and severe natural disasters, such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods.These disasters have had a devastating impact on both human lives and the natural environment.翻译：气候变化是一个紧迫的全球性问题，需要紧急关注。

全球气温上升导致自然灾害更加频繁和严重，如飓风、干旱和洪水。

这些灾害对人类生活和自然环境造成了毁灭性的影响。

(完整版)雅思经典阅读ThebirthofscientificEnglish

The birth of scientific EnglishWorld science is dominated today by a small number of languages, including Japanese, German and French, but it is English which is probably the most popular global language of science. This is not just because of the importance of English-speaking countries such as the USA in scientific research; the scientists of many non-English-speaking countries find that they need to write their research papers in English to reach a wide international audience. Given the prominence of scientific English today, it may seem surprising that no one really knew how to write science in English before the 17th century. Before that, Latin was regarded as the lingua franca for European intellectuals.The European Renaissance (c. 14th-16th century) is sometimes called the 'revival of learning', a time of renewed interest in the 'lost knowledge' of classical times. At the same time, however, scholars also began to test and extend this knowledge. The emergent nation states of Europe developed competitive interests in world exploration and the development of trade. Such expansion, which was to take the English language west to America and east to India, was supported by scientific developments such as the discovery of magnetism (and hence the invention of the compass), improvements in cartography and - perhaps the most important scientific revolution of them all - the new theories of astronomy and the movement of the Earth in relation to the planets and stars, developed by Copernicus (1473-1543).England was one of the first countries where scientists adopted and publicised Copernican ideas with enthusiasm. Some of these scholars, including two with interests in language -John Wall's and John Wilkins - helped Found the Royal Society in 1660 in order to promote empirical scientific research.Across Europe similar academies and societies arose, creating new national traditions of science. In the initial stages of the scientific revolution, most publications in the national languages were popular works, encyclopaedias, educational textbooks and translations.Original science was not done in English until the second half of the 17th century. For example, Newton published his mathematical treatise, known as the Principia, in Latin, but published his later work on the properties of light - Opticks - in English.There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin. The first was simply a matter of audience. Latin was suitable for an international audience of scholars, whereas English reached a socially wider, but more local, audience. Hence, popular science was written in English.A second reason for writing in Latin may, perversely, have been a concern for secrecy. Open publication had dangers in putting into the public domain preliminary ideas which had not yet been fully exploited by their 'author' . This growing concern about intellectual properly rights was a feature of the period - it reflected both the humanist notion of the individual, rational scientist who invents and discovers through private intellectual labour, and the growing connection between original science and commercial exploitation. There was something of a social distinction between 'scholars and gentlemen' who understood Latin, and men of trade who lacked a classical education. And in the mid-17th century it was common practice for mathematicians to keep their discoveries and proofs secret, by writing them in cipher, in obscure languages, or in private messages deposited in a sealed box with the Royal Society. Some scientists might have felt more comfortable with Latin precisely because its audience, though intenational, was socially restricted. Doctors clung the most keenly to Latin as an 'insider language'.A third reason why the wriling of original science in English was delayed may have been to do with the linguistic inadequacy of English in the early modern period. English was not well equipped to deal with scientific argument. First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal way, and to discuss the relations, such as cause and effect, that might hold between complex and hypothetical entitiesFortunately, several members of the Royal Society possessed an interest in language and became engaged in various linguistic projects. Although a proposal in 1664 to establish a committee for improving the English language came to little, the society's members did a great deal to foster the publication of science in English and to encourage the development of a suitable writing style. Many members of the Royal Society also published monographs in English. One of the first was by Robert Hooke, the society's first curator of experiments, who described his experiments with microscopes in Micrographia (1665). This work is largely narrative in style, based on a transcript of oral demonstrations and lectures.In 1665 a new scientific journal, Philosophical Transactions, was inaugurated. Perhaps the first international English-language scientific journal, it encouraged a new genre of scientific writing, that of short, focused accounts of particular experiments.The 17th century was thus a formative period in the establishment of scientific English. In the following century much of this momentum was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. It is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary, and new, specialised, professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet.In Europe, modern science emerged at the same time as the nation state. At first, the scientific language of choice remained 28____ It allowed scientists to communicate with other socially privileged thinkers while protecting their work from unwanted exploitation. Sometimes the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them, particularly in the case of mathematicians and 29 ____In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the 30 ____ nor the 31 ____ to express their ideas. This situation only changed after 1660 when scientists associated with the 32 ____ set about developing English. An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments. Although English was then overtaken by 33 ____, it developed again in the (9th century as a direct result of the 34 ____.。

雅思阅读真题附答案(完整版)

智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读真题附答案（完整版）摘要：雅思阅读真题是考生练习雅思阅读的必备资料。

不少考生在网上寻求雅思阅读真题，今天小编汇总了里面雅思阅读真题附答案版，方便考生复习。

雅思阅读真题是历年雅思考试中出现的雅思阅读题目，练习雅思阅读真题对于考生提升雅思阅读答题能力有很大的帮助。

小编整理了历年雅思阅读真题附答案，帮助考生复习雅思阅读。

雅思阅读真题附答案版(部分内容)：题型:人名观点配对他在寻找古老的湖泊，这名Mungo 女子是被火葬的 A持怀疑态度的教授对一些化石的DNA 进行了可靠的分析 E教授测定的人的年龄要比62000 年前年轻的多的结果 A确定Mungo 人的年龄，争议了澳大利亚人的起源 B在澳洲，研究小组谁先恢复生物的证据，发现尼安德特人 C年代的支持者认为澳大利亚巨型动物的灭绝是由于古代人类狩猎造成的 D多区域的解释已经被提出，而不是坚持认为单一的起源 B史前人类活动导致气候变化而不是巨型动物的灭绝 A判断题Mungo 湖仍然为考古学家提供了图解说明人类活动的证据True在Mungo 湖发现Mungo 使用的武器Not givenMungo 人是在复杂的文化世界上已知最古老的考古证据之一，如埋葬仪式TrueMungo 男人和女人的骨架是被发现在同一年False澳大利亚教授使用古老的研究方法对“走出非洲”支持者的批判Not given以上就是关于雅思阅读真题附答案的相关汇总，考生可以通过上方下载完整版历年雅思阅读真题解析，提升资深雅思阅读能力。

相关字搜索：雅思阅读真题附答案人生中每一次对自己心灵的释惑，都是一种修行，都是一种成长。

相信我们常常用人生中的一些痛，换得人生的一份成熟与成长然⋯⋯生活里的每个人，都是我们的一面镜子，你给别人什世界上的幸福，没有一处不是来自用心经营和珍惜。

当你一味的去挑剔指责别人的时候，有没有反思过是否？假如你的心太过自我不懂得经营和善待，不懂得尊重他人感受，那你永远也不会获得真和幸福 ⋯ ⋯人生就像一场旅行，我们所行走的每一步都是在丰富生命的意义。

(完整word版)雅思经典阅读及题解Advantages of Public Transport

Advantages of Public TransportA new study conducted for the World Bank by Murdoch University's Institute for Science and Technology Policy (ISTP) has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world. This included both the public and private costs of building, maintaining and using a transport system. The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spent as little as 5%. Professor Peter Newman, ISTP Director, pointed out that these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live. According to Professor Newman, the larger Australian city of Melbourne is a rather unusual city in this sort of comparison. He describes it as two cities: 'A European city surrounded by a car-dependent one'. Melbourne's large tram network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities. The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people's preferences as to where they live. Newman says this is a new, broader way of considering public transport issues. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of environmental and social justice considerations rather than economics. Newman, however, believes the study demonstrates that 'the auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environmental terms'. Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted that the two most 'bicycle friendly' cities considered — Amsterdam and Copenhagen —were very efficient, even though their public transport systems were 'reasonable but not special'. It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their particular city. One objection is climate. Some people say their city could not make more use of public transport because it is either too hot or too cold. Newman rejects this, pointing out that public transport has been successful in both Toronto and Singapore and, in fact, he has checked the use of cars against climate and found 'zero correlation'. When it comes to other physical features, road lobbies are on stronger ground. For example, Newman accepts it would be hard for a city as hilly as Auckland to develop a really good rail network. However, he points out that both Hong Kong and Zurich have managed to make a success of their rail systems, heavy and light respectively, though there are few cities in the world as hilly.AIn fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: 'The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favored.' He considers Portland, Oregon, a perfect example of this. Some years ago, federal money was granted to build a new road. However, local pressure groups forced a referendum over whether to spend the money on light rail instead. The rail proposal won and the railway worked spectacularly well. In the years that have followed, more and more rail systems have been put in, dramatically changing the nature of the city. Newman notes that Portland has about the same population as Perth and had a similar population density at the time.BIn the UK, travel times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with peopleavoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher.CThere is a widespread belief that increasing wealth encourages people to live farther out where cars are the only viable transport. The example of European cities refutes that. They are often wealthier than their American counterparts but have not generated the same level of car use. In Stockholm, car use has actually fallen in recent years as the city has become larger and wealthier. A new study makes this point even more starkly. Developing cities in Asia, such as Jakarta and Bangkok, make more use of the car than wealthy Asian cities such as Tokyo and Singapore. In cities that developed later, the World Bank and Asian Development Bank discouraged the building of public transport and people have been forced to rely on cars –creating the massive traffic jams that characterize those cities.DNewman believes one of the best studies on how cities built for cars might be converted to rail use is The Urban Village report, which used Melbourne as an example. It found that pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach. Instead, the proposal advocated the creation of urban villages at hundreds of sites, mostly around railway stations.EIt was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP team's research demonstrates that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. 'The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face.'Questions 11-13Look at the following cities (Questions 11-13) and the list of descriptions below Match each city with the correct description, A–F.Write the correct letter, A–F, in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.11 Perth12 Auckland13 PortlandList of DescriptionsA successfully uses a light rail transport system in hilly environmentB successful public transport system despite cold wintersC profitably moved from road to light rail transport systemD hilly and inappropriate for rail transport systemE heavily dependent on cars despite widespread povertyF inefficient due to a limited public transport system题解：The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spent as little as 5%. Professor Peter Newman, ISTP Director,pointed out that these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live.For example, Newman accepts it would be hard for a city as hilly as Auckland to develop a really good rail network. However, he points out that both Hong Kong and Zurich have managed to make a success of their rail systems, heavy and light respectively, though there are few cities in the world as hilly.He considers Portland, Oregon, a perfect example of this. Some years ago, federal money was granted to build a new road. However, local pressure groups forced a referendum over whether to spend the money on light rail instead. The rail proposal won and the railway worked spectacularly well. In the years that have followed, more and more rail systems have been put in, dramatically changing the nature of the city.。

精选雅思阅读考试题及答案解析

精选雅思阅读考试题及答案解析1. 题目：The Benefits of Bilingualism阅读理解：双语的好处解析：本文主要介绍了双语对个人和社会的好处。

首先，双语人士更容易找到工作，因为他们可以胜任双语工作岗位。

其次，双语人士在跨文化交流中更加得心应手，能够更好地理解不同文化之间的差异。

此外，双语人士在认知能力方面也具有优势，他们更善于处理信息和解决问题。

因此，研究第二语言对个人和社会发展都是有益的。

2. 题目：The Importance of Sleep阅读理解：睡眠的重要性解析：本文主要介绍了睡眠对身体和大脑的重要性。

睡眠对身体恢复和健康至关重要。

不良的睡眠惯可能导致多种健康问题，如肥胖、心脏疾病和免疫系统功能下降。

此外，睡眠对大脑功能也有重要影响。

充足的睡眠可以提高记忆力、注意力和创造力。

因此，为了保持身体和大脑的健康，我们应该重视睡眠。

3. 题目：The Impact of Social Media阅读理解：社交媒体的影响解析：本文主要探讨了社交媒体对个人和社会的影响。

社交媒体的普及改变了人们的沟通方式，使得信息传播更加迅速和广泛。

然而，社交媒体也带来了一些负面影响。

首先，过度使用社交媒体可能导致沉迷和时间浪费，影响个人的研究和工作。

其次，社交媒体也可能导致隐私泄露和网络欺凌等问题。

因此，人们需要理性使用社交媒体，注意维护个人信息安全和网络礼仪。

4. 题目：The Benefits of Exercise阅读理解：锻炼的好处解析：本文介绍了锻炼对身体和心理健康的好处。

锻炼可以帮助人们保持健康的体重、增强心肺功能和提高肌肉力量。

此外，锻炼还能改善心理健康，减少焦虑和抑郁症状，增强自信心和幸福感。

因此，每个人都应该定期进行适量的锻炼，以提高身体素质和生活质量。

5. 题目：The Impact of Climate Change阅读理解：气候变化的影响解析：本文主要讨论了气候变化对地球的影响。

雅思阅读真题附答案及解析

雅思阅读真题附答案及解析雅思阅读是考试中相对较难的一部分，因此熟悉真题并且进行详细的答案解析是备考中不可或缺的一部分。

本文将为大家提供一些常见的雅思阅读真题，并附有详细的答案解析，希望能够帮助大家更好地备考雅思阅读。

第一篇：自然保护雅思阅读真题：自然保护是环保运动的一个重要方面。

自然保护旨在保护现有的生态系统，维护生物多样性和自然资源。

以下是一些常见的自然保护措施：1）建立自然保护区，2）限制猎捕和采集行为，3）推广可持续发展。

请根据以上内容回答以下问题：1. 自然保护的目标是什么？答案解析：自然保护的目标是保护现有的生态系统，维护生物多样性和自然资源。

2. 列举一些常见的自然保护措施。

答案解析：常见的自然保护措施包括建立自然保护区、限制猎捕和采集行为、推广可持续发展等。

雅思阅读真题：气候变化是当前全球性的环境问题。

以下是一些与气候变化相关的重要信息：1）二氧化碳排放是主要的温室气体，2）气温升高会导致海平面上升，3）气候变化会影响农业生产，4）可再生能源是应对气候变化的一种重要方法。

请根据以上内容回答以下问题：1. 什么是主要的温室气体？答案解析：主要的温室气体是二氧化碳。

2. 气温升高会导致哪个现象发生？答案解析：气温升高会导致海平面上升。

3. 气候变化对什么方面的影响比较大？答案解析：气候变化对农业生产有较大影响。

4. 应对气候变化的一种重要方法是什么？答案解析：应对气候变化的一种重要方法是利用可再生能源。

雅思阅读真题：科学技术在现代社会中起着重要的作用，对人类的生活产生了巨大的影响。

以下是一些与科学技术相关的重要信息：1）互联网的出现改变了信息传播的方式，2）生物技术可以用于治疗疾病，3）人工智能正在逐渐应用于各个领域，4）科学技术的发展带来了各种新的职业。

请根据以上内容回答以下问题：1. 互联网的出现改变了什么？答案解析：互联网的出现改变了信息传播的方式。

2. 生物技术可以用于解决什么问题？答案解析：生物技术可以用于治疗疾病。

雅思阅读必看文章10篇

最后有一个公司开创了language training，它的成功可作为跨国公司的model。但是这只能作为长远方法，因为这个方法由6个阶段组成，每个是90个小时。最快也要3年才能培养出熟练使用语言的各方面人才。只有refresher courses能有快速效果。
最后一题是跨国公司语言资源管理相关的。最后表扬了德国人民的das auto
9海草恢复要用十年时间T
ASQ：
其中有个是这个动物像什么应该是dolphin
好像有在1992年之前有多少海牛死了。文中好像是说刚开始有1750，后来只盛下70，然后我就计算得出1680，不知对不对？
Name一个和dugon类似的动物,我文章第三段中间有句话说他像sea pigs(因为他吃草都是连根拔起,拱的)而不像sea cows
third way：如果翻译不是专业的，他们会雇佣人来翻译assumption
finally：language training is along-term，而且比较costly
S：句子填空2 words
一个人的理论认为，language-training在经济不景气的时候，是一种unnecessary luxuries,这个词组有引号；训练语言用90个小时每个personnel department，最少需要6-9monthsmodel，只有一些以前学过的，只要通过refresher（course）就可以更快速有效掌握。这两个不同，是在90个小时之前，应该是6 levels吧，要想training比较有效，要at leastthree years
说美国的N打头的有关探星计划在国会通过遭到一些议员的反对NG（原文只说通过了）
说一旦接受到外星生物发射的信号应尽早回应NO（原文明确说了不宜马上回复，因为涉及一系列问题）

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