汉译英增词和减词ppt课件

▪ 介词：英语中的介词比汉语中活跃得多。
▪ 1．我们应该逐步消灭城乡差别。 ▪ We should try to eliminate the
differences between town and country. ▪ 2． 你白天还是晚上飞广州？ ▪ Do you fly to Guangzhou in the
daytime or at night? ▪ 3． 那我们山脚见吧。 ▪ Let’s meet at the foot of the hill.
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▪ 增补冠词
▪ 汉语里无冠词。有冠词是英语的特点之一 ，名词前一般都有冠词，汉译英时要增补 冠词。
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她不把他当阿公，而当作亲爹。
She considered him not a father-in-law but a father.
增译法和减译法
Amplification and Omission
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▪ 教学目的要求：在汉译英中能熟 练使用增词法和减词法的翻译技巧。
▪ 教学重点：增词法和减词法（代 词和连词）
▪ 教学难点：汉语排比句的翻译， 使用减词法。
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▪ 一、为了保证语法结构的完整：
▪ 代词：汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语 则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名词前都
▪ 5．她用手蒙住脸，好象是为了保护眼睛。
▪ She covered her face with her hands, as if to protect her eyes.
▪ 6.孩子们天天带午饭到学校去吃。
▪ The children take their lunch to school
every day.
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▪ 添加注释性的词语：
▪ 1．班门弄斧
▪ Show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Luban, the master carpenter.
▪ Show off one’s skills with the axe before an expert carpenter.
▪ 2． 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
▪ So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.
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▪ 3．村里的男女老少都喜欢那个小超市买 东西。
▪ Men and women, old and young in the village, all liked shopping in that small supermarket.
没有代词，需要增补。
▪ 1．大作收到，十分高兴。
▪ I am very glad to have received your writing.
▪ 2．没有调查就没有发言权。
▪ He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.
▪ 4. 滥竽充数：
▪ pretend to play the yu(an ancient musical
instrument) and retain one’s position in the
orchestra; (of incompetent people or inferior
goods) be there just to make up the number
▪ 2．三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。
▪ Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.
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▪ 3. 这对年轻夫妇并不相配，一个是西施， 一个是张飞。
▪ This young couple is not well-matched, one is a Xishi,--a famous Chinese beauty, while the other is a Zhangfei—a well-known illtempered brute.
▪ 4． 我妈妈来了，我得回去了。
▪ My mother has arrived, so I have to leave now.
▪ 5．送君千里，终有一别。
▪ Although you may escort a guest a thousand miles, yet must the p精a品r课ti件ng come at last. 6
▪ 7． 我们的心永远向着祖国。
▪ Our hearts are always towards our
motherland.
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▪ 连词：汉语重意合，英语重形合，把汉语翻译 成英语时，要适当增加连词。
▪ 1. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
▪ Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
▪ 我们对问题要作全面的分析，才能 解决得妥当。
We must make a comprehensive analysis
of problem before it can be properly
solved.
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▪ 二、为了保证译文意思更加明确。
▪ 文中暗含的意思：
▪ 1．大家都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。
▪ 3．把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲 一遍。
▪ After you have read these stories, tell them in
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▪ 4． 我们响应了祖国的号召。
▪ We responded to the call of our
motherland.
▪ Everyone knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard.
▪ 2．要提倡顾全大局。
▪ We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration.