英语说明文(exposition)
英语文学体裁分类
英语文学体裁分类
1、记叙文（Narration）：最普遍、最基本的一种文体。
写作中应遵循以下几点：交待要素，即人、时、地、事；按事件
发生的先后顺序叙述完整、具体；要重点突出，目的明确。
记叙文
所记的都是过去发生的事，原则上通常用过去时态写。
2、说明文(Exposition)、描写文(Description)：英文常见的两种
文体，以解说和描述为主要表达方式。
3、日记 (Diary)：把自己当天生活中经历的有意义的事以及见闻
或感受记录下来的书面形式。
文体自由，通常用第一人称写。
4、书信（letters）：一般分为私人信函（Personal letters）和
正式信函（Business letters）。
英文书信从信封到正文，其格式
与汉语有许多不同。
5、通知和便条（Notice , Note）：一般至少有口头通知、书面通
知两种形式，至少包括3项内容：1、时间，2、地点，3、活动内容。
6、议论文：:通常结构跟中文差不多。
7、其它：还有补全对话，电话对话，寻物启事等。
什么是英语说明文.doc
★什么是英语说明文英语说明文这一类文章的性质和目的是在解释，提供知识，和表明观念；“exposition”这个字的意思就是“explanation”(解释)，既然如此，这类文章最大的要求是清晰；可以使用任何方法和技巧，以期能达到清晰明确的境地。
依一般分类，说明文有下列六种：(1)定义法(Definition)(2)例说法(Example)(3)分类法(Classification)(4)分析法(Analysis)(5)类比法(Analogy)(6)比较法或对比法(parison Or Contrast)[注]说明文中亦可穿插以描写文与叙述文的写作方法。
说明文是写作最常用到的体裁，其最常用的方法就是将事物加以解说。
例如，说明事物的过程，说明事物的因果，说明事物的状态等等。
对人物来说，说明该人物的处境，说明该人物的想法，说明该人物的背景等等。
如果要将描述文与说明文作一严格区分的话，那就是描述文重官能的观察与感受，而说明文重头脑的分析与理性的研判。
对事物的体验是一同事，而对事物的彻底了解又是另一同事。
体验是官能的，而了解却是观念上的问题。
闻到花是香的，乃是官能上的，而花为什么是香的，却是知识性的观念上的问题。
前者是描述文的范围，后者则是说明文的范围。
知识性的东西我们可从百科全书，字典辞源，各科手册，以及语言的文法修辞等书籍来获得。
但这些仅是资料而已，要将资料变成一篇文章还需要文字的组织能力。
我们可以这样说，说明文是一种实用的写作方法，将人类的知识系统化，这可以说是一种其功至伟的写作方法。
说明文最简单的方法就是例证法：将详细资料表列，一一举证，以说明什么是什么，怎样发生，结果怎样。
另外两种较复杂的说明文是分析法与定义法：其方法必用到归类法与等级法。
例如，要说明一件机器的操作，就必须把这件机器加以归类，引述其功能目的。
又如，要了解一条鲸鱼，首先要将其归为哺乳类，因为它是胎生动物而非卵生鱼类。
而后再进而分析鲸鱼中许多不同的类别。
英文解释说明文Exposition
说明方法
举例子、作引用、分类别、 列数字、作比较、列图表、 下定义、作诠释、打比方、 摹状貌
1、 Illustration
• Illustration is the use of detailed and concrete （明确的） examples to explain an abstract point, and to persuade or convince the reader.
• Definition is a method to explain a term that may have various denotative（外延） or connotative（内涵） meanings or shades of meaning. • The term is usually abstract, ambiguous or controversial（有争议
However they often go together in an essay,
with stress on one or the other.
3、An Analysis of Cause & Effect A cause-effect essay is a piece of expository writing showing or explaining the cause / effect of something.
2、Comparison & Contrast
A comparison explains how things are
similar. A contrast explains how things are different. A paper may deal entirely with similarities or with differences.
6 Exposition
• 2. 观点/中心思想（Thesis） • 观点是说明文的核心，题眼或是灵魂。一 篇好的说明文一定要观点明确，简洁明了， 具有震撼力。它是一篇文章的总结，它类 似于初级写作中段落的主题句，但是它是 涵盖全篇的，可能会包含几个主题句。说 明文的观点可以直接地表述出来，也可以 隐含的表述。但就英语写作学习者来讲， 我们提倡明示的观点，而且要对观点进行 认真的思考，提炼，要下足功夫。
• The other day, I announced that I would go abroad for further studies right after my college education. My decision evoked the immediate objection of my family: Why? Why should I borrow a huge sum of money for overseas studies while I might receive the same education at home at relatively low cost? My answer is: in addition to knowledge, I can gain experiences that those who stay at home will never have.
• c. 正文部分 • 说明文正文部分我们一般写三个段落。也 就是对观点展开论述。这里涉及到的是段 落写作。相信大家在初级写作阶段，已经 掌握了段落写作的要领。这里一带而过， 段落写作要注意段落的一致性（unity）, 发 展性（Development）和连贯性 （Coherence）。
• 1) 一致性（unity） • 即文章中所有内容都要围绕这文章的中心 思想。我们可以具体从两个方面来加以保 证。一是，三个段落的内容通过主题句 （Topic Sentences）紧扣引言部分的中心 思想。如下图：
Exposition说明文(英语写作指导)
Learning English is an extremely important thing for a few important reasons.
2. Select an opening example that leads to the thesis
Using an example to lead in to the thesis gives an opportunity to directly link your example to the thesis Examples:
For glue that The Exampleห้องสมุดไป่ตู้holds the essay together.
Words or phrases that link the parts For instance of the paragraph together To illustrate
In addition
Once I saw…
I remember…
I once read…
3. Asking a question that will be answered by the examples
Asking a question can get the reader thinking about what your thesis is about
The topic is: Smoking in public places Write a thesis statement for this topic Remember, a thesis statement is the arguable main point of the essay.
Provide three examples to support your thesis statement including:
说明文exposition
说明文exposition这一类文章的性质和目的是在解释，提供知识，和表明观念；“exposition”这个字的意思就是“explanation”(解释)，既然如此，这类文章最大的要求是清晰；作者可以使用任何方法和技巧，以期能达到清晰明确的境地。
依一般分类，说明文有下列六种：(1)定义法(Definition) (2)例说法(Example) (3)分类法(Classification)(4)分析法(Analysis) (5)类比法(Analogy) (6)比较法或对比法(Comparison Or Contrast)[注]说明文中亦可穿插以描写文与叙述文的写作方法。
说明文是写作最常用到的体裁，其最常用的方法就是将事物加以解说。
例如，说明事物的过程，说明事物的因果，说明事物的状态等等。
对人物来说，说明该人物的处境，说明该人物的想法，说明该人物的背景等等。
如果要将描述文与说明文作一严格区分的话，那就是描述文重官能的观察与感受，而说明文重头脑的分析与理性的研判。
对事物的体验是一同事，而对事物的彻底了解又是另一同事。
体验是官能的，而了解却是观念上的问题。
闻到花是香的，乃是官能上的，而花为什么是香的，却是知识性的观念上的问题。
前者是描述文的范围，后者则是说明文的范围。
知识性的东西我们可从百科全书，字典辞源，各科手册，以及语言的文法修辞等书籍来获得。
但这些仅是资料而已，要将资料变成一篇文章还需要文字的组织能力。
我们可以这样说，说明文是一种实用的写作方法，将人类的知识系统化，这可以说是一种其功至伟的写作方法。
说明文最简单的方法就是例证法：将详细资料表列，一一举证，以说明什么是什么，怎样发生，结果怎样。
另外两种较复杂的说明文是分析法与定义法：其方法必用到归类法与等级法。
例如，要说明一件机器的操作，就必须把这件机器加以归类，引述其功能目的。
又如，要了解一条鲸鱼，首先要将其归为哺乳类，因为它是胎生动物而非卵生鱼类。
大学英语说明文 1
Like many cities in Germany，it had to recreate itself after World War II． in comparison with Is human heart weaker in comparison with the other organs? This weapon could only be used against cities．Likewise the atom likewise bomb． in the same way
Examples
Expressions but although however nevertheless in spite of Examples High level positions are stressful at times，but professionals can learn to manage their stress levels. Although high level positions are stressful at times，professionals can learn to manage their stress levels． High level positions are stressful at times; However, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels. High level positions are stressful at time; nevertheless, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels. In spite of the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can learn to manage their stress levels. While high level positions are stressful at times, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed. High level positions are stressful at times; in contrast, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed. High level positions are stressful at times; on the other hand, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed. Unlike the undesirable stress of high level positions, the financial rewards make these positions very desirable indeed.
Exposition英文说明文写作(共17张PPT)
problem and lists one Christmas & New Years
development of things. Introduce thesis
or more solutions for In order to be a college teacher,I shall study hard not only in class,but also in daily life.
words
are
reasons
why,
if, then,
as a
result,
therefore,
and because.
Elements of Expository Text
5. problem & solution – The author states a colder temperatures
Many a time in my life I’ve been asking myself about what career I shall take and what I can do to prepare myself for it.Although my ideas are not consistent,I have now decided on college teaching as my life-long career.
bring together all your information in a more general way in the introduction.
Example
However,teaching is a demanding job.Only a person with rich knowledge can make a qualified teacher.In
exposition说明文
Exposition，或称说明文，是一种常见的文体，主要目的是解释、说明或阐述某一主题或概念。
这种文体的主要特点是通过举例、比较、分类和定义等方式来说明事物的性质、特点、原因、结果等。
Exposition的文章通常由以下几个部分组成：
1.引言：在文章开头，作者会简要介绍主题，为读者提供背景信息，激发读者的兴趣。
2.主体：这是文章的核心部分，作者会通过各种手法（例如举例、比较、分类、定义等）来说明主题。
3.结论：在文章结尾，作者会对全文进行总结，强调文章的主要观点，有时也会提出建议或问题。
Exposition的写作要求清晰、准确、有条理，语言简洁明了。
好的exposition应该能够使读者对主题有深入的理解，同时也要能够吸引读者的注意力。
exposition
说明文结构安排
Begiy
围绕主题展开说明 阐述点1 阐述点2 阐述3… （要注重逻辑顺序)
Ending
归纳主题，阐明写作目的。(如果题目没 有特别要求不要发表自己的观点。)
Beginning
主题句经典句型
1. With the development of science technology, more and more people are beginning to use computers. 2. Nowadays…is becoming more and more …in our daily life, especially... 3. Now I will give you a brief introduction to… 4. … is considered to be one of the greatest … 5. As is shown in the diagram, recent years, …has increased greatly.
HOME WORK
• Recite the typical sentences.
• Finish the Exs on pages 53-54
实战演练 Nowadays/recently/now, 对说明的事物 或现象进行简要介绍，如说明缘由. 中心句（试情况而定，可有可无）.To begin with, _______ (阐述点1 ). At the same time, ___________ (阐述点2 ). In addition, ______ (阐述点3 ). What’s more, ____ (阐 述点4 ). In short,________ (总结性话语). Personally, I think______________.
英语说明文 (Exposition)(课堂PPT)
5
• Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says，“Early to bed and early to rise，makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise.”
英语说明文 （Exposition）
1
• Brief introduction of exposition • writing techniques • exercise
2
What is expositoin?
• 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事 物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状 态、功能、成因、结果等特征的文章。说 明的目的是给读者提供知识，使之了解客 观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。
• First，it helps to keep us fit（健康）.We can have a breath of fresh air in the early morning. Besides，we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise（做早操）。Secondly，early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning，and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.Thirdly， early rising enables（使能够）us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring，so the plan for the day should be made in the morning. Fourthly，early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work，such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.
英语作文范文-说明文 (Exposition)写作
英语作文范文说明文 (Exposition)写作(一) 定义说明文是用说明的表达方式来解说事物、阐明事理的文章，以解释、阐述事物的形状、特征、性质、成因、关系、功能、作用为目的。
而说明是对事物的发生、发展、结果、特征、性质、状态、功能等进行解释、介绍、阐述的一种基本表达方式。
(二) 分类可用于事物说明的写作手法很多，鉴于六级写作的趋势，这里着重介绍四种类型的说明文。
1. 举例说明文通过举例或列举阐明事理的写作方法。
为使读者弄清某一事理，或使抽象化概念形象化或具体化，作者拿出文章的较大篇幅进行举例说明，以进一步证明所述道理的真实性和可行性。
2. 知识性说明文通过解释说明来阐明事实、道理或介绍知识、信息等的写作手法。
从整篇文章看，此类作文旨在为读者提供并未知晓的知识和信息。
读者通过阅读此类文章通达事理，懂得该怎么办。
3. 对比说明文通过对两种事物进行对比或比较，找出两者之间的共同点或对立点的写作手法。
为说明某一事物在不同条件下的差异，或此事物与同类或不同类事物的差别，作者往往采用比较和对比的手法来获得分清事理的写作效果。
读者从比较或对比说明中获得教益。
4. 定义说明文通过揭示概念的内涵或下定义的方式来明确概念的写作方法。
旨在给事物的性质和特点下定义，回答“什么是……”和“怎样理解……”之类的问题。
故此，这类作文要求作者具备科学严谨的文风，定义要下得准确合理，文字说明要全面到位。
作者常常会借助举例说明的手法或比较说明的手法达到界定事物的目的。
在实际写作中，作者一般在同一篇文章中运用多种手法达到说明事物的写作目的，运用单一手段者甚少。
(三) 范文评析：Sample 1The Potential of Internet EducationInternet is getting into people’s life and becoming more and more popular. Experts are now working on setting up a national long-distance educational system in China to provide educational opportunities via Internet.In reality, the educational via Internet plan has been taking shape. Some universities have already got involved in regional long-distance education, catching the attention of many educators and computer experts worldwide. Others have just connected their campus computers for teaching andresearch, and provided more opportunities for learner.The Internet education will be developing dramatically. It’s estimated that computerized long-distance teaching networks will be available by 2010 for postgraduate education, vocational programs, teachers’training and employees’training. Moreover, it will soon cover all the corners of the globe and eventually win the worldwide popularity.评析：这是篇知识性说明文。
英语必修一写作：说明文 Exposition
Homework
写一篇英语短文，描述今昔通讯方式的变化， 以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。
1.词数：100左右 2.生词：通讯：communicate （with sb）
公用电话：public telephone
Sample Writing
Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s life in recent years.
In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone. But now almost everyone has his own mobile phone. People can communicate with each other almost at any place and at any time. What’s more, people have easy access to the Internet, which enables them to send and receive emails whenever they like.
Why should we do exercise? Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s life in recent years.
1-1大学英语四级写作专题-NEW (3)
描写文（Description）
③要充分运用和体现人的感官印象，把客观事物描绘得更 生动、更逼真；同时，要利用读者的想象力，使其产生感
官反应效果。
说明文（Exposition）
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,用来说明事物、阐明事 理或过程的一种文体。它用来说明客观事物的特点和性能,
物的论证方法。
驳论
反驳论点：即证明对方论点是错误的，是不能成立的。争
论双方的分歧主要在于观点的对立，因此论点是反驳的主
要对象。 反驳论据：即证明对方论据是虚假的，从而使对方论点不 能成立。 反驳论证方式：即从逻辑推理入手，揭露对方论证中的错 误，从而使对方论点不能成立。
议论文的写作格式
议论文的写作格式通常由三个部分组成 引言（Introduction）即立论 正文（Body）即论证 结尾 (Conclusion) 即结论
描写文本质上是一种说明文，其特征是其描写的具体性、
生动性和创造性。它特别强调描写的顺序、焦点的选择、 主观情感的融入，并要有艺术性。
描写文（Description）
①要确立合适的描写角度和次序，也就是说，是用第一人 称还是用第三人称来描写。例如，如果你想要介绍某一所
大学，你就得决定是从参观者的角度还是从学生和教师的
或介绍某种操作的程序，或解释某些抽象概念，或阐明某
种科学原理、自然现象等，完全是就事论事，所以也称技 术性的描写文。
说明文（Exposition）
说明文通常有三大要旨：
• 解释事实 • 解释事件 • 解释思想
说明文的写作原则
说明文的写作方法
说明文的写作原则
说明文应该写得条理分明, 层次清楚, 语言简洁, 用词具体,
Exposition说明文英语写作指导 ppt课件
Now pass the paper to the person to your right!
Draw what the person wrote!
What’d you Fold the paper so the writing is not visible! do this Pass the paper to the right! weekend? Write what you think the picture is depicting
Examples:
Once I saw… I remember… I once read…
List three examples that can be used for illustrating the following topic:
Topic: Benefits of learning English
Example 1: Example 2: Example 3:
Now in groups discuss the examples
Examples:
The new technology today is great in many aspects, but there are a few important drawbacks. Learning English is an extremely important thing for a few important reasons.
There are various ways of accomplishing the purpose of an exposition:
英语说明文-(Exposition)ppt课件
• Brief introduction of exposition • writing techniques • exercise
What is expositoin?
• 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事 物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状 态、功能、成因、结果等特征的文章。说 明的目的是给读者提供知识，使之了解客 观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。
• We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，
2.举例法（examples）
• 举例法是用具体的例子来说明我们要表达 的意思，常用for example，for instance，…等词语引出。
• So ,everybody should develop the good habit of early rising.
• 罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们 可以注意模仿学习：
• There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，…
writing techniques (写作技巧)
• 1.罗列法（listing）
•
在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，
second，…and finally加以罗列说明。Benefit of Early Rising
• Early rising（早起）is helpful in more than one way.
Exposition-英文说明文写作(课堂PPT)
Elements of Expository Text
4. cause & effect – The author explains one or more causes and the resulting effect or effects. Clue words
are reasons why, if, then, as a result, therefore, and because.
7
There are certain elements found in expository text, each type of element makes its own demands on the reader:
➢ description, ➢ sequence, ➢ comparison, ➢ cause & effect, ➢ problem & solution.
no snow warmer temperatures flowers baby animals Easter & 4th of July
seasons – sun shines sports are played
snow colder temperatures no flowers blooming bears hibernate Christmas & New Years
15
Magazines are usually read in a leisurely manner and are often kept for weeks or months before being discarded. While large, colorful outdoor signs, which people pass by repeatedly, easily attract attention.
exposition 说明文英文定义
exposition 说明文英文定义Exposition, in the context of writing, refers to a type of discourse that aims to explain, describe, or inform the reader about a particular topic or subject matter. It is a form of expository writing that focuses on providing clear and concise information to the audience, rather than persuading or entertaining them.The primary purpose of an exposition is to present facts, ideas, or concepts in a logical and organized manner, allowing the reader to gain a deeper understanding of the subject being discussed. Exposition writing is often used in academic and professional settings, such as research papers, technical reports, and instructional manuals, where the goal is to convey information accurately and objectively.One of the key characteristics of exposition is its emphasis on clarity and coherence. Exposition writing typically follows a structured format, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction serves to provide an overview of the topic and set the stage for the rest of the piece, while the body paragraphs delve into the details and supporting evidence. The conclusion often summarizes the main points and may offer a final perspective orrecommendation.In an exposition, the writer's role is to act as a guide, leading the reader through the information in a logical and easy-to-follow manner. This often involves the use of various organizational strategies, such as categorization, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, or problem-solution. The writer may also employ various rhetorical devices, such as definitions, examples, and analogies, to help the reader better understand the concepts being presented.Another important aspect of exposition is the use of objective and impartial language. Exposition writing should strive to be free of personal biases, opinions, or emotional appeals, and instead focus on presenting facts, data, and well-reasoned arguments. This helps to establish the writer's credibility and ensures that the information is presented in a reliable and trustworthy manner.Exposition writing can cover a wide range of topics, from scientific and technical subjects to social and cultural issues. Regardless of the specific subject matter, the goal of exposition is to inform, educate, and enlighten the reader, providing them with a deeper understanding of the topic at hand.In conclusion, exposition is a critical form of writing that serves to convey information and ideas in a clear, concise, and objectivemanner. By adhering to the principles of organization, clarity, and impartiality, exposition writing can effectively communicate complex concepts and help readers gain a deeper understanding of the world around them.。
阅读理解语篇类型说明文课件高考英语二轮复习
阅读理解：说明文 exposition
By Shirley Hu
The difficulty of reading exposition
advanced words
complex sentences
logical thinking
Unfamiliar topics
long text
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
【2022▪浙江6月卷】
24. What do we know about the Tiny Forest movement? A. It has achieved notable success. B. It is led by number of schools. C. It began in Europe in the 1970s. D. It will spread to the countryside.
Exposition英文说明文写作(实用资料)ppt
even those with highly-paid positions.The content of my Note: You should not include anything in your introduction that is not addressed in the body of your composition.
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说明文是解释、说明一物、一技或一理。
说明文分人物说明文、事物说明文、事理说明文和程序说明文。
人物说明文有人物介绍和经历，事物说明文主要介绍实物是“什么样”和“怎么样”的。
事理说明文常用于介绍科学知识。
程序说明文主要用于介绍和说明某实物怎样操作，怎样使用。
说明文的主要特点，一是知识的科学性，二是行文的条理性。
写这类文章宜少用描写，要用具体详实的材料说明问题，而不要抽象空洞地讨论。
语言要简洁、准确，条理要清楚。
讨论问题时要集中，切忌面面俱到。
写作中可以应用举例、比较、对比、分类、分析、数字、图表、描写和叙述等手法。
【例1】A TreeA tree consists of three main parts: the roots, the branches and the leaves. Under the ground, the roots spread out so that the tree can stand firm. Above the ground, the roots form the trunk, which supports the branches. Near the top of the tree, the trunk divides into branches. At the top of the tree, the leaves grow out of the branches. The leaves receive sunlight to help the whole tree grow.描写一个直立物体，其写作顺序从上到下。
如描写一棵树可以分为三个部分，然后逐一描写。
这种手法还可用于描写高山、楼房等。
【例2】The Sun and The EarthThe sun shines on us. It gives us light and heat. It makes everything grow. It gives the earth life.The earth rotates on its Axis. So, we have day and night. It’s bright by day and dark by night.The earth also travels round the sun in an orbit. As it travels, we have four seasons. It is hot in summer and cold in winter. The days are long in summer and short in winter. In spring it is warm and the days are getting longer. In autumn it is cool and the days are getting shorter.本文是一篇介绍太阳和地球的说明文。
文章对太阳和地球客观、如实地进行介绍，不含有作者个人的感情色彩。
文章目的明确，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练。
【例3】GamesA game is a type of recreation for us to relax after a hard study and concentration. We play games in the playground at half past four in the afternoon every day. We always enjoy this time.As a rule, the boys play more games than the girls. Most of the boys like to play football, baseball and basketball. The younger boys like to play table-tennis.Most of the girls like to swim and play badminton. They also play other games but they do not play football.To have a sound mind for study, we must keep our bodies fit and healthy. Games can help to improve our health. The famous proverb says, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” All of us should learn to play one or two sport games when we are in school. We need not spend a lot of time on them every day. If we are busy, half an hour may be enough.文章介绍了什么是游戏，男孩和女孩分别喜欢什么游戏，以及游戏对孩子成长的好处。
【例4】BasketballThe game of basketball is about one hundred years old. It wan first invented in December 1891 by James Naismith in Springfield, Mass., USA. He wanted to invent an indoor game for his students to play in the winter. It is now played in many countries of the world. It is very popular in the USA, Asia and Europe. T you cannot carry the ball.You play football on a court 50 feet by 94 feet. You must throw the ball into a high basket. You can bounce the ball, but you cannot carry the ball. There are five people on each team, and you can substitute players.Basketball is a fast and exciting game to play. When you are score a basket, it is very pleasing. It is also easy for children to play. Both girls and boys can play. It is a very good exercise. Tall people have an advantage in this game. It is not expensive. It is fun to play in a good team, and there are many places to play. It is an ideal game to play in big cities because it does not need much space.文章介绍了篮球发展的历史，球场大小，简单运动规则，以及与其他运动相比它所具有的优势。
【例5】以Health Habits为题写一篇短文，说明早期早睡对人体的好处，可以用正反两方面的例子来说明以下内容：人们需要足够的睡眠时间，如果不早睡，睡眠时间不足，就会影响人们的工作。
每天早起，进行早锻炼，能使人体保持健康。
Health HabitsA habit is something we often do. We do not consciously think when we are doing it. We can have good habits and bad habits.Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.This is an old English saying. It means that we must go to bed early in the evening and get up early in the morning. If we do, we shall be healthy, rich and clever.Is it true? Perhaps it is. The body must have enough sleep. If you do not go to bed early, you cannot have enough sleep. Then you cannot think properly and cannot do your work properly. You will not be wise and you may not become wealthy!Some people go to bed late at night and get up late in the morning. This is not good for them. We must sleep at night when it is dark. The dark helps us to sleep properly. When daylight comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. Exercise can be in the form of walking, running, jumping, swimming and playing games. If the body is not used, it becomes weak. Exercise keeps it strong.If you want to keep healthy, you must form a good habit.【例6】根据以下提示写一篇120字左右的短文。
1）我最喜爱的电视（或广播）节目是。
2）这类节目的内容和特点。
3）我喜欢它的原因。