冶金词汇英语翻译
冶金英语词汇(全面)
冶金英语词汇（最全）1 总论采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant 工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration 磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing粗碎primary crushing中碎secondary crushing细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer4 冶金过程物理化学4.1 冶金过程热力学冶金过程热力学thermodynamics of metallurgical processes统计热力学statistical thermodynamics不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes化学热力学chemical thernodynamics表面热力学surface thermodynamics合金热力学thermodynamics of alloys冶金热力学数据库thermodynamics databank in metallurgy 系system单元系single-componentsystem多元系multicomponent system均相系统homogeneous system广度性质extensive property强度性质intensive property过程process等温过程isothermal process等压过程isobaric process等容过程isochoric process绝热过程adiabatic process可逆过程reversible process不可逆过程irreversible process自发过程spontaneous process自理过程physical process化学过程chemical process冶金过程metallurgical process化学反应chemical reaction化合反应combination reaction分解反应decomposition reaction置换反应displacement reaction可逆反应reversible reaction不可逆反应irreversible reaction电化学反应electrochemical reaction多相反应multiphase reaction固态反应solid state reaction气一金(属)反应gas-metal reaction渣一金（属）反应slag-metal reaction平衡equilibrium化学平衡chemical equilibrium相平衡phase equilibrium热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium热力学函数thermodynamic function偏摩尔量partial molar quantity总摩尔量integral molar quantity标准态standard state焓enthalpy生成焓enthalpy of formation反应焓enthalpy of reaction熵entropy吉布斯能Gibbs energy生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation反应吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy of solution吉布斯能函数Gibbs energy function化学位chemical potential热化学thermochemistry热效应heat effect热容heat capacity熔化热heat of fusion汽化热heat of vaporization升华热heat of sublimation相变热heat of phase transformation放热反应exothermic reaction吸热反应endothermic reaction赫斯定律Hess’s law相律phase rule相图phase diagram一元相图single-component phase diagram二元相图binary-component phase diagram三元相图ternary-component phase diagram液相线liquidus固相线solidus共晶点eutectic point杠杆规则lever rule溶液solution溶质solute溶剂solvent固溶体solid solution溶液浓度concentration of solution摩尔分数mole fraction冶金熔体metallurgical melt金属熔体metal melt(炉)渣,熔渣slag熔盐molten salt, fused salt理想溶液ideal solution真实溶液real solution正规溶液regular solution活度activity活度系数activity coefficient拉乌尔定律Raoult’s law亨利定律Henry’s law纯物质标准态pure substance standard质量１％溶液标准(态)1 mass% solution standard无限稀溶液参考态reference state of infinityly dilute solution相互作用系数interaction coefficient化学反应等温式chemical reaction isotherm吉布斯～亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equation质量作用定律law of mass action平衡常数equilibrium constant平衡值equilibrium value直接还原direct reduction间接还原indirect reduction金属热还原metallothermic reduction选择性氧化selective oxidation渣碱度basicity of slag光学破度optical basicity酸性氧化物acid oxide碱性氧化物basicoxide两性氧化物amphoteric泡沫渣foaming slag熔渣的分子理论molecular theory of slag熔渣的离子理论ionization theory of slag脱氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium脱氧常数deoxidation constant熔渣脱硫desulfurization by slag气态脱硫desulfurization in the gaseous state硫分配比sulfur partition ratio硫化物容量sulfide capacity氧化脱磷dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium真空脱碳vacuum decarburization去气degassing去除非金属夹杂(物)elimination of nonmetallic inclusion非金属夹杂(物)变形form modification of nonmetallic inclusion 脱硅desiliconization脱锰demanganization分配平衡distribution law化学气相沉积chemical vapor deposition(CVD)4.2 冶金过程动力学微观动力学microkinetics化学动力学chemical kinetics反应途径reaction path反应机理reaction mechanism基元反应elementary reaction平行反应parallel链反应chain reaction总反应overall reaction反应速率reaction rate反应速率常数reaction rate constant反应级数reaction order零级反应zero order reaction一级反应first order reaction二级反应second order reactionn级反应nth order reaction碰撞理论collision theory活化能activation energy表现活化能apparent activation energy阿伦尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation半衰期half-life宏观动力学macrokinetics冶金过程动力学kinetics of metallurgical process 传输现象transport phenomena传质mass transfer传热heat transfer动量传输momentum transfer层流laminar flow湍流turbulent flow气泡gas bubble鼓泡bubbling射流jet液滴liquid droplet粘度viscosity边界层boundary layer流率flow rate通量flux扩散diffusion菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusion菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 2nd law of diffusion扩散系数diffusion coefficient传质系数mass transfer coefficient热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection自然对流natural convection强制对流forced convection热辐射heat radiation导热率thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient体内浓度bulk concentration未反应核模型unreacted core model扩散控制反应diffusion-controlled reaction化学控制反应chenical-controlled reaction混合控制反应mixed-controlled reaction相似原理priciple of similarity雷诺数Reynolds number固定床fiexed bed填充床packed bed移动床moving bed流态化床fluidized bed混合时间mixing time停留时间residence time, retention time催化catalysis催化剂catalyst表面能surface energy表面张力surface tension界面能interfacial energy界面张力interfacial tension润湿wetting表面活性物质surface-active substance吸收absorption吸附absorption4.3 冶金电化学冶金电化学metallurgical electrochemistry熔盐电化学electrochemistry of fused salts固态离子学solid state ionics电解质溶液electrolyte solution阳离子cation阴离子anion电导conductance电导率conductivity电阻resistance电极electrode阴极cathode阳极anode电镀electroplating固体电解质solid electrolyte稳定的氧化锆stablized zirconia氧传感器oxygen sensor硅传感器silicon sensor定氧测头oxygen probe定硅测头silicon probe4.4 冶金物理化学研究方法冶金物理化学研究方法research methods in metallurgical physical chemistry热电偶thermocouple量热计calorimeter热太平thermobalance热分析thermal analysis差热分析differential thermal analysis,DTA热重法thermogravimetry分子筛molecular sieve5 钢铁冶金5.1 炼焦炼焦coking高温炭化high temperature carbonization塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation 选煤coal preparation, coal washing配煤coal blending配煤试验coal blending test炼焦煤coking coal气煤gas coal肥煤fat coal瘦煤lean coal焦炉coke oven焦化室oven chamber焦饼coke cake结焦时间coking time周转时间cycle time装煤coal charging捣固装煤stamp charging推焦coke pushing焦炭熄火coke quenching干法熄焦dry quenching of coke焦台coke wharf装煤车larry car推焦机pushing machine拦焦机coke guide熄焦车quenching car焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven焦炭coke冶金焦metallurgical coke铸造焦foundry coke焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke焦炭热强度hot strength of coke焦炭反应性coke reactivity焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke焦炉煤气coke oven gas发热值calorific value煤焦油coal tar粗苯crude benzol苯benzene甲苯toluene二甲苯xylene苯并呋喃-茚树脂 coumarone-indene resin精萘refined naphthalene精蒽refined anthracene煤[焦油]沥青 coal tar pitch沥青焦pitch coke针状焦needle coke型焦formcoke5.2 耐火材料耐火材料refractory materials耐火粘土fireclay高岭土kaolin硬质粘土flint clay轻质粘土soft clay陶土pot clay蒙脱石montmorillonite叶蜡石pyrophyllite膨润土bentonite鳞石英tridymite方石英cristobalite砂岩sandstone耐火石firestone莫来石mullite氧化铝alumina烧结氧化铝sintered alumina电熔氧化铝fused alumina刚玉corundum红柱石andalusite蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite硅线石sillimanite橄榄石olivine方镁石periclase镁砂magnesia合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia电熔镁砂fused magnesia烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker尖晶石spinel镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite 硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩perlite碳化硅silicon carbide氮化硅silicon nitride氮化硼boron nitride粘土熟料chamotte熟料grog轻烧light burning,soft burning死烧dead burning,hard burning成型模注shaping moulding机压成型mechanical pressing等静压成型isostatic pressing摩擦压砖机friction press液压压砖机hydraulic press捣打成型ramming process熔铸成型fusion cast process砖坯强度green strength,dry strength隧道窑tunnel kiln回转窑rotary kiln倒焰窑down draught kiln耐火砖refractory brick标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick泡砂石quartzite sandstone酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]硅砖silica brick,dinas brick熔融石英制品fused quartz product硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory半硅砖semisilica brick粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick高铝砖high alumina brick硅线石砖sillimanite brick莫来石砖mullite brick刚玉砖corundum brick铝铬砖alumina chrome brick熔铸砖fused cast brick碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]镁砖magnesia brick镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]复合砖composite brick铝炭砖alumina carbon brick铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick长水口long nozzle浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle定径水口metering nozzle氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖 Al2O3-SiC-C brick透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick滑动水口slide gate nozzle水口砖nozzle brick塞头砖stopper绝热耐火材料insulating refractory轻质耐火材料light weight refractory袖砖sleeve brick格子砖checker brick,chequer brick陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber耐火纤维refractory fiber耐火浇注料refractory castable耐火混凝土refractory concrete荷重耐火性refractoriness under load抗渣性slagging resistance耐磨损性abrasion resistance5.3 碳素材料[含]碳[元]素材料 carbon materials无定形碳amorphous carbon金刚石diamond炭相[学]carbon micrography炭黑carbon black石油沥青petroleum pitch石油焦炭petroleum coke石墨化graphitization石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization 石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite炭砖carbon brick炭块carbon block碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block炭电极carbon electrode连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode石墨电极graphite electrode超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode 石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug电极糊electrode paste石墨坩埚graphite crucible石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor炭刷carbon brush高纯石墨high purity graphite5.4 铁合金铁合金ferroalloy硅铁ferrosilicon硅钙calcium silicon金属硅silicon metal锰铁ferromangnanese低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese硅锰silicomanganese金属锰manganese metal铬铁ferrochromium低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium硅铬silicochromium金属铬chromium metal钨铁ferrotunsten钼铁ferromolybdenum钛铁ferrotitanium硼铁ferroboron铌铁ferroniobium磷铁ferrophosphorus镍铁ferronickel锆铁ferrozirconium硅锆silicozirconium稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium成核剂nucleater孕育剂incubater,inoculant球化剂nodulizer蠕化剂vermiculizer中间铁合金master alloy复合铁合金complex ferroalloy电碳热法electro-carbothermic process电硅热法electro-silicothermic process铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process开弧炉open arc furnace埋弧炉submerged arc furnace半封闭炉semiclosed furnace封闭炉closed furnace矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace5.5 烧结与球团人造块矿ore agglomerates烧结矿sinter压块矿briquette球团[矿] pellet针铁矿goethite自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore复合铁矿complex iron ore块矿lump ore粉矿ore fines矿石混匀ore blending配矿ore proportioning矿石整粒ore size grading返矿return fines储矿场ore stockyard矿石堆料机ore stocker匀矿取料机ore reclaimer熔剂flux消石灰slaked lime活性石灰quickened lime有机粘结剂organic binder烧结混合料sinter mixture烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter烧结sintering烧结热前沿heat front in sintering烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering渣相粘结slag bonding扩散粘结diffusion bonding带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine环式烧结机circular travelling sintering machine 烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace烧结盘sintering pan烧结锅sintering pot烧结冷却机sinter cooler带式冷却机straight-line cooler环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler生球green pellet,ball生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore concentrates 生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet生球落下强度shatter strength of green pellet生球抗压强度compression strength of green pellet生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green pellet圆筒造球机balling drum圆盘造球机balling disc竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet firing链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing 环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet firing冷固结球团cold bound pellet维式体wustite铁橄榄石fayalite铁尖晶石hercynite铁黄长石ferrogehlenite铁酸半钙calcium diferrite铁酸钙calcium ferrite铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite锰铁橄榄石knebelite钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite钙铁辉石hedenbergite钙铁榴石andradite钙长石anorthite钙镁橄榄石monticellite钙钛矿perovskite硅灰石wollastonite硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate镁橄榄石forsterite镁黄长石akermanite镁蔷薇辉石manganolite钙铝黄长石gehlenite钛辉石titanaugite枪晶石cuspidine预还原球团pre-reduced pellet金属化球团metallized pellet转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test落下试验shatter test5.6 高炉炼铁炼铁iron making高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process高炉blast furnace鼓风炉blast furnace炉料charge, burden矿料ore charge焦料coke charge炉料提升charge hoisting小车上料charge hoisting by skip吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer装料charging装料顺序charging sequence储料漏斗hopper双料钟式装料two-bells system charging无料钟装料bell-less charging布料器distributor炉内料线stock line in the furnace探料尺gauge rod利用系数utilization coefficient冶炼强度combustion intensity鼓风blast风压blast pressure风温blast temperature鼓风量blast volume鼓风湿度blast humidity全风量操作full blast慢风under blowing休风delay喷吹燃料fuel injection喷煤coal injection喷油oil injection富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment 置换比replacement ratio喷射器injector热补偿thermal compensation焦比coke ratio,coke rate燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate氧化带oxidizing zone风口循环区raceway蒸汽鼓风humidified blast混合喷吹mixed injection脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast炉内压差pressure drop in furnace煤气分布gas distribution煤气利用率gas utilization rate炉况furnace condition顺行smooth running焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace 休风率delay ratio高炉寿命blast furnace campaign悬料hanging崩料slip沟流channeling结瘤scaffolding炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up开炉blow on停炉blow off积铁salamander炉型profile,furnace lines炉喉throat炉身shaft,stack炉腰belly炉腹bosh炉缸hearth炉底 bottom炉腹角bosh angle炉身角stack angle有效容积effective volume工作容积working bolume铁口iron notch, slag notch渣口cinder notch, slag notch风口tuyere窥视孔peep hole风口水套tuyere cooler渣口水套slag notch cooler风口弯头tuyere stock热风围管bustle pipe堵渣机stopper泥炮mud gun,clay gun开铁口机iron notch drill铁水hot metal铁[水]罐iron ladle鱼雷车torpedo car主铁沟sow出铁沟casting house铁沟iron runner渣沟slag runner渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle撇渣器skimmer冷却水箱cooling plate冷却壁cooling stave汽化冷却vaporization cooling热风炉hot blast stove燃烧室combustion chamber燃烧器burner热风阀hot blast valve烟道阀chimney valve冷风阀cold blast valve助燃风机burner blower切断阀burner shut-off valve旁通阀by-pass valve混风阀mixer selector valve送风期on blast of stove,on blast燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas换炉stove changing放散阀blow off valve内燃式热风炉Cowper stove外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove炉顶放散阀bleeding valve放散管bleeder上升管gas uptake放风阀snorting valve均压阀equalizing valve高压调节阀septum valve炉顶高压elevated top pressure铸铁机pig-casting machine铸铁模pig mold冲天炉cupola水渣granulating slag水渣池granulating pit渣场slag disposal pit高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex processHYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making 熔态还原smelting reduction铁溶法iron-bath process科雷克斯法COREX process生铁pig iron海绵铁sponge iron镜铁spiegel iron清铁法H-rion process5.7 炼钢钢steel炼钢steelmaking钢水liquid steel,molten steel钢semisteel沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semikilled steel压盖沸腾钢capped steel坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process混铁炉hot metal machine装料机charging machine装料期charging machine加热期heating period熔化期melting period造渣期slag forming period精炼期refining period熔清melting down脱氧deoxidation预脱氧preliminary dexidation还原渣reducing slag酸性渣acid slag碱性渣basic slag脱碳decarburization增碳recarburization脱磷dephosphorization回磷rephosphorization脱硫desulfurization回硫resulfurization脱氮denitrogenation过氧化overoxidation出钢tapping冶炼时间duration of heat出钢样tapping sample浇铸样casting sample不合格炉次off heat熔炼损耗melting loss铁损iron loss废钢scrap废钢打包baling of scrap造渣材料slag making materials添加剂addition reagent脱氧剂deoxidizer脱硫剂desulfurizer冷却剂coolant回炉渣return slag喷枪lance浸入式喷枪submerged lance钢包ladle出钢口top hole出钢槽pouring lining炉顶furnace roof炉衬furnace lining炉衬侵蚀lining erosion渣线slag line炉衬寿命lining life分区砌砖zoned lining补炉fettling热修hot repair喷补gunning火焰喷补flame gunning转炉converter底吹转炉bottom-blown converter酸性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown acid converter碱性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown basic converter侧吹转炉side-blown converter卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking氧气顶吹转炉top-blown oxygen converter,LI converter氧气底吹转炉bottom-blown oxygen converter quiet basic oxygen furnace,QBOF顶底复吹转炉top and bottom combined blown converter喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steelmaking process,KMS 住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo top and bottom blowing process,STB LBE复吹法lance bubbling equilibrium process,LBE顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lance carbon injection process,ALCI蒂森复合吹炼法Thyssen Blassen Metallurgical process,TBM面吹surface blow软吹soft blow硬吹hard blow补吹reblow过吹overblow后吹after blow目标碳aim carbon终点碳end point carbon高拉碳操作catch carbon practice增碳操作recarburization practice单渣操作single-slag operation双渣操作double-slag operation渣乳化slag emulsion二次燃烧postcombustion吹氧时间oxygen blow duration吹炼终点blow end point倒炉turning down喷渣slopping喷溅spitting静态控制static control动态控制dynamic control氧枪oxygen lance氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance转炉炉体converter body炉帽upper cone炉口mouth,lip ring装料大面impact pad活动炉底removable bottom顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance副枪sublance多孔砖nozzle brick单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere挡渣器slag stopper挡渣塞floating plug电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS平炉open-hearth furnace平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking冷装法cold charge practice热装法hot charge practice碳沸腾carbon boil石灰沸腾lime boil炉底沸腾bottom boil再沸腾reboil有效炉底面积effective hearth area酸性平炉acid open-hearth furnace碱性平炉basic open-hearth furnace固定式平炉stationary open-hearth furnace倾动式平炉tilting open-hearth furnace双床平炉twin-hearth furnace顶吹氧气平炉open-hearth furnace with roof oxygen lance蓄热室regenerator沉渣室slag pocket电炉炼钢electric steelmaking电弧炉electric arc furnace超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power electric arc furnace直流电弧炉direct current electric arc furnace双电极直流电弧炉double electrode direct current arc furnace 竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace电阻炉electric resistance furnace工频感应炉line frequency induction furnace中频感应炉medium frequency induction furnace高频感应炉high frequency induction furnace电渣重熔electroslag remelting,ESR电渣熔铸electroslag casting,ESC电渣浇注Bohler electroslag tapping,BEST真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arc remelting,VAR真空感应炉熔炼vacuum induction melting,VIM电子束炉重熔electron beam remelting,EBR等离子炉重炼plasma-arc remelting,PAR水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arc melting等离子感应炉熔炼plasma induction melting,PIM等离子连续铸锭plasma progressive casting,PPC等离子凝壳铸造plasma skull casting,PSC能量优化炼钢炉energy optimizing furnace,EOF氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner氧煤助熔accelerated melting by coal-oxygen burner氧化期oxidation period还原期reduction period长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制 long arc foaming slag operation白渣white slag电石渣carbide slag煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection炉壁热点hot spots on the furnace wall偏弧arc bias透气塞porous plug出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time虹吸出钢siphon tapping偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottom tapping,EBT中心炉底出钢centric bottom tapping,CBT侧面炉底出钢side bottom tapping,SBT滑动水口出钢slide fate tapping5.8 精炼、浇铸及缺陷铁水预处理hot metal pretreatment机械搅拌铁水脱硫法KR process torpedo desulfurization鱼雷车铁水脱磷torpedo dephosphorization二次精炼secondary refining钢包精炼ladle refining合成渣synthetic slag微合金化microalloying成分微调trimming钢洁净度steel cleanness钢包炉ladle furnace,LF直流钢包炉DC ladle furnace真空钢包炉LF-vacuum真空脱气vacuum degassing真空电弧脱气vacuum arc degassing,VAD真空脱气炉vacuum degassing furnace,VDF真空精炼vacuum refining钢流脱气stream degassing提升式真空脱气法 Dortmund Horder vacuum degassing process,DH 循环式真空脱气法 Ruhstahl-Hausen vacuum degassing process,RH 真空浇铸vacuum casting吹氧RH操作RH-oxygen blowing,RH-OB川崎顶吹氧RH操作 RH-Kawasaki top blowing,RH-KTB喷粉RH操作RH-poowder blowing,TH-PB喷粉法powder injection process喷粉精炼injection refining蒂森钢包喷粉法Thyssen Niederhein process,TN瑞典喷粉法Scandinavian Lancer process,SL君津真空喷粉法vacuum Kimitsu injection process密封吹氩合金成分调整法composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling,CAS吹氧提温CAS法CAS-OB process脉冲搅拌法pulsating mixing process,PM电弧加热电磁搅拌钢包精炼法ASEA-SKF process真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD 氩氧脱碳法argon-oxygen decarburization process,AOD蒸汽氧精炼法Creusot-Loire Uddelholm process,CLU无渣精炼slag free refining摇包法shaking ladle process铝弹脱氧法aluminium bullet shooting,ABS钢锭ingot铸锭ingot casting坑铸pit casting车铸car casting钢锭模ingot mold保温帽hot top下铸bottom casting上铸top casting补浇back pour,back feeding浇注速度pouring speed脱模ingot stripping发热渣exoslag防再氧化操作reoxidation protection连续浇注continuous casting连铸机continuous caster,CC,continuous casting machine,CCM 弧形连铸机bow-type continuous caster立弯式连铸机vertical-bending caster立式连铸机vertical caster水平连铸机horizontal caster小方坯连铸机billet caster大方坯连铸机bloom caster板坯连铸机slab caster薄板坯连铸机thin-slab casting薄带连铸机strip caster近终型浇铸near-net-shape casting单辊式连铸机single-roll caster单带式连铸机single-belt caster双带式连铸机twin-belt caster倾斜带式连铸机inclined conveyer type caster[连铸]流strand铸流间距strand distance注流对中控制stream centering control钢包回转台ladle turret中间包tundish回转式中间包swiveling tundish倾动式中间包tiltable tundish中间包挡墙weir and dam in tundish引锭杆dummy bar刚性引锭杆rigid dummy bar挠性引锭杆flexible dummy bar结晶器mold直型结晶器straight mold弧形结晶器curved mold组合式结晶器composite mold多级结晶器multi-stage mold调宽结晶器adjustable mold结晶器振动mold oscillation结晶器内钢液顶面meniscus,steel level钢液面控制技术steel level control technique 保护渣casting powder,mold powder凝壳shell液芯liquid core空气隙air gap一次冷却区peimary cooling zone二次冷却区secondary cooling zone极限冷却速度critical cooling rate浇铸半径casting radius渗漏bleeding拉坯速度casting speed拉漏breaking out振动波纹oscillation mark水口堵塞nozzle clogging气水喷雾冷却air mist spray cooling分离环separating ring拉辊withdrawal roll立式导辊vertical guide roll弯曲辊bending roll夹辊pinch roll矫直辊straightening roll驱动辊driving roll导向辊装置roller apron切割定尺装置cut-to-length device钢流保护浇注shielded casting practice多点矫直multipoint straightening电磁搅拌electromagnetic stirring,EMS浇注周期casting cycle多炉连浇sequence casting事故溢流槽emergercy launder菜花头cauliflower top。
冶金英语词汇(最全)
冶金英语词汇（最全）1 总论采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant 工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration 磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing粗碎primary crushing中碎secondary crushing细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer4 冶金过程物理化学4.1 冶金过程热力学冶金过程热力学thermodynamics of metallurgical processes 统计热力学statistical thermodynamics不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes 化学热力学chemical thernodynamics表面热力学surface thermodynamics合金热力学thermodynamics of alloys冶金热力学数据库thermodynamics databank in metallurgy 系system单元系single-componentsystem多元系multicomponent system均相系统homogeneous system广度性质extensive property强度性质intensive property过程process等温过程isothermal process等压过程isobaric process等容过程isochoric process绝热过程adiabatic process可逆过程reversible process不可逆过程irreversible process自发过程spontaneous process自理过程physical process化学过程chemical process冶金过程metallurgical process化学反应chemical reaction化合反应combination reaction分解反应decomposition reaction置换反应displacement reaction可逆反应reversible reaction不可逆反应irreversible reaction电化学反应electrochemical reaction多相反应multiphase reaction固态反应solid state reaction气一金(属)反应gas-metal reaction渣一金（属）反应slag-metal reaction平衡equilibrium化学平衡chemical equilibrium相平衡phase equilibrium热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium热力学函数thermodynamic function偏摩尔量partial molar quantity总摩尔量integral molar quantity标准态standard state焓enthalpy生成焓enthalpy of formation反应焓enthalpy of reaction熵entropy吉布斯能Gibbs energy生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation反应吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy of solution吉布斯能函数Gibbs energy function化学位chemical potential热化学thermochemistry热效应heat effect热容heat capacity熔化热heat of fusion汽化热heat of vaporization升华热heat of sublimation相变热heat of phase transformation放热反应exothermic reaction吸热反应endothermic reaction赫斯定律Hess’s law相律phase rule相图phase diagram一元相图single-component phase diagram二元相图binary-component phase diagram三元相图ternary-component phase diagram液相线liquidus固相线solidus共晶点eutectic point杠杆规则lever rule溶液solution溶质solute溶剂solvent固溶体solid solution溶液浓度concentration of solution摩尔分数mole fraction冶金熔体metallurgical melt金属熔体metal melt(炉)渣,熔渣slag熔盐molten salt, fused salt理想溶液ideal solution真实溶液real solution正规溶液regular solution活度activity活度系数activity coefficient拉乌尔定律Raoult’s law亨利定律Henry’s law纯物质标准态pure substance standard质量１％溶液标准(态)1 mass% solution standard无限稀溶液参考态reference state of infinityly dilute solution相互作用系数interaction coefficient化学反应等温式chemical reaction isotherm吉布斯～亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equation质量作用定律law of mass action平衡常数equilibrium constant平衡值equilibrium value直接还原direct reduction间接还原indirect reduction金属热还原metallothermic reduction选择性氧化selective oxidation渣碱度basicity of slag光学破度optical basicity酸性氧化物acid oxide碱性氧化物basicoxide两性氧化物amphoteric泡沫渣foaming slag熔渣的分子理论molecular theory of slag熔渣的离子理论ionization theory of slag脱氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium脱氧常数deoxidation constant熔渣脱硫desulfurization by slag气态脱硫desulfurization in the gaseous state硫分配比sulfur partition ratio硫化物容量sulfide capacity氧化脱磷dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium真空脱碳vacuum decarburization去气degassing去除非金属夹杂(物)elimination of nonmetallic inclusion非金属夹杂(物)变形form modification of nonmetallic inclusion 脱硅desiliconization脱锰demanganization分配平衡distribution law化学气相沉积chemical vapor deposition(CVD)4.2 冶金过程动力学微观动力学microkinetics化学动力学chemical kinetics反应途径reaction path反应机理reaction mechanism基元反应elementary reaction平行反应parallel链反应chain reaction总反应overall reaction反应速率reaction rate反应速率常数reaction rate constant反应级数reaction order零级反应zero order reaction一级反应first order reaction二级反应second order reactionn级反应nth order reaction碰撞理论collision theory活化能activation energy表现活化能apparent activation energy阿伦尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation半衰期half-life宏观动力学macrokinetics冶金过程动力学kinetics of metallurgical process 传输现象transport phenomena传质mass transfer传热heat transfer动量传输momentum transfer层流laminar flow湍流turbulent flow气泡gas bubble鼓泡bubbling射流jet液滴liquid droplet粘度viscosity边界层boundary layer流率flow rate通量flux扩散diffusion菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusion 菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 2nd law of diffusion 扩散系数diffusion coefficient传质系数mass transfer coefficient热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection自然对流natural convection强制对流forced convection热辐射heat radiation导热率thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient体内浓度bulk concentration未反应核模型unreacted core model扩散控制反应diffusion-controlled reaction化学控制反应chenical-controlled reaction混合控制反应mixed-controlled reaction相似原理priciple of similarity雷诺数Reynolds number固定床fiexed bed填充床packed bed移动床moving bed流态化床fluidized bed混合时间mixing time停留时间residence time, retention time催化catalysis催化剂catalyst表面能surface energy表面张力surface tension界面能interfacial energy界面张力interfacial tension润湿wetting表面活性物质surface-active substance吸收absorption吸附absorption4.3 冶金电化学冶金电化学metallurgical electrochemistry熔盐电化学electrochemistry of fused salts固态离子学solid state ionics电解质溶液electrolyte solution阳离子cation阴离子anion电导conductance电导率conductivity电阻resistance电极electrode阴极cathode阳极anode电镀electroplating固体电解质solid electrolyte稳定的氧化锆stablized zirconia氧传感器oxygen sensor硅传感器silicon sensor定氧测头oxygen probe定硅测头silicon probe4.4 冶金物理化学研究方法冶金物理化学研究方法research methods in metallurgical physical chemistry热电偶thermocouple量热计calorimeter热太平thermobalance热分析thermal analysis差热分析differential thermal analysis,DTA热重法thermogravimetry分子筛molecular sieve5 钢铁冶金5.1 炼焦炼焦coking高温炭化high temperature carbonization塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation 选煤coal preparation, coal washing配煤coal blending配煤试验coal blending test炼焦煤coking coal气煤gas coal肥煤fat coal瘦煤lean coal焦炉coke oven焦化室oven chamber焦饼coke cake结焦时间coking time周转时间cycle time装煤coal charging捣固装煤stamp charging推焦coke pushing焦炭熄火coke quenching干法熄焦dry quenching of coke焦台coke wharf装煤车larry car推焦机pushing machine拦焦机coke guide熄焦车quenching car焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven焦炭coke冶金焦metallurgical coke铸造焦foundry coke焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke焦炭热强度hot strength of coke焦炭反应性coke reactivity焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke焦炉煤气coke oven gas发热值calorific value煤焦油coal tar粗苯crude benzol苯benzene甲苯toluene二甲苯xylene苯并呋喃-茚树脂coumarone-indene resin精萘refined naphthalene精蒽refined anthracene煤[焦油]沥青coal tar pitch沥青焦pitch coke针状焦needle coke型焦formcoke5.2 耐火材料耐火材料refractory materials耐火粘土fireclay高岭土kaolin硬质粘土flint clay轻质粘土soft clay陶土pot clay蒙脱石montmorillonite叶蜡石pyrophyllite膨润土bentonite鳞石英tridymite方石英cristobalite砂岩sandstone耐火石firestone莫来石mullite氧化铝alumina烧结氧化铝sintered alumina电熔氧化铝fused alumina刚玉corundum红柱石andalusite蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite硅线石sillimanite橄榄石olivine方镁石periclase镁砂magnesia合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia电熔镁砂fused magnesia烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker尖晶石spinel镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite 硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩perlite碳化硅silicon carbide氮化硅silicon nitride氮化硼boron nitride粘土熟料chamotte熟料grog轻烧light burning,soft burning死烧dead burning,hard burning成型模注shaping moulding机压成型mechanical pressing等静压成型isostatic pressing摩擦压砖机friction press液压压砖机hydraulic press捣打成型ramming process熔铸成型fusion cast process砖坯强度green strength,dry strength隧道窑tunnel kiln回转窑rotary kiln倒焰窑down draught kiln耐火砖refractory brick标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick泡砂石quartzite sandstone酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]硅砖silica brick,dinas brick熔融石英制品fused quartz product硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory半硅砖semisilica brick粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick高铝砖high alumina brick硅线石砖sillimanite brick莫来石砖mullite brick刚玉砖corundum brick铝铬砖alumina chrome brick熔铸砖fused cast brick碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]镁砖magnesia brick镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]复合砖composite brick铝炭砖alumina carbon brick铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick长水口long nozzle浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle定径水口metering nozzle氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖Al2O3-SiC-C brick透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick滑动水口slide gate nozzle水口砖nozzle brick塞头砖stopper绝热耐火材料insulating refractory轻质耐火材料light weight refractory袖砖sleeve brick格子砖checker brick,chequer brick陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber耐火纤维refractory fiber耐火浇注料refractory castable耐火混凝土refractory concrete荷重耐火性refractoriness under load抗渣性slagging resistance耐磨损性abrasion resistance5.3 碳素材料[含]碳[元]素材料carbon materials无定形碳amorphous carbon金刚石diamond炭相[学]carbon micrography炭黑carbon black石油沥青petroleum pitch石油焦炭petroleum coke石墨化graphitization石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization 石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite炭砖carbon brick炭块carbon block碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block炭电极carbon electrode连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode石墨电极graphite electrode超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode 石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug电极糊electrode paste石墨坩埚graphite crucible石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor炭刷carbon brush高纯石墨high purity graphite5.4 铁合金铁合金ferroalloy硅铁ferrosilicon硅钙calcium silicon金属硅silicon metal锰铁ferromangnanese低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese硅锰silicomanganese金属锰manganese metal铬铁ferrochromium低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium硅铬silicochromium金属铬chromium metal钨铁ferrotunsten钼铁ferromolybdenum钛铁ferrotitanium硼铁ferroboron铌铁ferroniobium磷铁ferrophosphorus镍铁ferronickel锆铁ferrozirconium硅锆silicozirconium稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium成核剂nucleater孕育剂incubater,inoculant球化剂nodulizer蠕化剂vermiculizer中间铁合金master alloy复合铁合金complex ferroalloy电碳热法electro-carbothermic process电硅热法electro-silicothermic process铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process开弧炉open arc furnace埋弧炉submerged arc furnace半封闭炉semiclosed furnace封闭炉closed furnace矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace5.5 烧结与球团人造块矿ore agglomerates烧结矿sinter压块矿briquette球团[矿] pellet针铁矿goethite自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore复合铁矿complex iron ore块矿lump ore粉矿ore fines矿石混匀ore blending配矿ore proportioning矿石整粒ore size grading返矿return fines储矿场ore stockyard矿石堆料机ore stocker匀矿取料机ore reclaimer熔剂flux消石灰slaked lime活性石灰quickened lime有机粘结剂organic binder烧结混合料sinter mixture烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter烧结sintering烧结热前沿heat front in sintering烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering渣相粘结slag bonding扩散粘结diffusion bonding带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine环式烧结机circular travelling sintering machine 烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace烧结盘sintering pan烧结锅sintering pot烧结冷却机sinter cooler带式冷却机straight-line cooler环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler生球green pellet,ball生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore concentrates 生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet生球落下强度shatter strength of green pellet生球抗压强度compression strength of green pellet 生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green pellet 圆筒造球机balling drum圆盘造球机balling disc竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet firing链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet firing冷固结球团cold bound pellet维式体wustite铁橄榄石fayalite铁尖晶石hercynite铁黄长石ferrogehlenite铁酸半钙calcium diferrite铁酸钙calcium ferrite铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite锰铁橄榄石knebelite钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite钙铁辉石hedenbergite钙铁榴石andradite钙长石anorthite钙镁橄榄石monticellite钙钛矿perovskite硅灰石wollastonite硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate镁橄榄石forsterite镁黄长石akermanite镁蔷薇辉石manganolite钙铝黄长石gehlenite钛辉石titanaugite枪晶石cuspidine预还原球团pre-reduced pellet金属化球团metallized pellet转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test落下试验shatter test5.6 高炉炼铁炼铁iron making高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process高炉blast furnace鼓风炉blast furnace炉料charge, burden矿料ore charge焦料coke charge炉料提升charge hoisting小车上料charge hoisting by skip吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer装料charging装料顺序charging sequence储料漏斗hopper双料钟式装料two-bells system charging无料钟装料bell-less charging布料器distributor炉内料线stock line in the furnace探料尺gauge rod利用系数utilization coefficient冶炼强度combustion intensity鼓风blast风压blast pressure风温blast temperature鼓风量blast volume鼓风湿度blast humidity全风量操作full blast慢风under blowing休风delay喷吹燃料fuel injection喷煤coal injection喷油oil injection富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment 置换比replacement ratio喷射器injector热补偿thermal compensation焦比coke ratio,coke rate燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate氧化带oxidizing zone风口循环区raceway蒸汽鼓风humidified blast混合喷吹mixed injection脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast炉内压差pressure drop in furnace煤气分布gas distribution煤气利用率gas utilization rate炉况furnace condition顺行smooth running焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace 休风率delay ratio高炉寿命blast furnace campaign悬料hanging崩料slip沟流channeling结瘤scaffolding炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up开炉blow on停炉blow off积铁salamander炉型profile,furnace lines炉喉throat炉身shaft,stack炉腰belly炉腹bosh炉缸hearth炉底bottom炉腹角bosh angle炉身角stack angle有效容积effective volume工作容积working bolume铁口iron notch, slag notch渣口cinder notch, slag notch风口tuyere窥视孔peep hole风口水套tuyere cooler渣口水套slag notch cooler风口弯头tuyere stock热风围管bustle pipe堵渣机stopper泥炮mud gun,clay gun开铁口机iron notch drill铁水hot metal铁[水]罐iron ladle鱼雷车torpedo car主铁沟sow出铁沟casting house铁沟iron runner渣沟slag runner渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle撇渣器skimmer冷却水箱cooling plate冷却壁cooling stave汽化冷却vaporization cooling热风炉hot blast stove燃烧室combustion chamber燃烧器burner热风阀hot blast valve烟道阀chimney valve冷风阀cold blast valve助燃风机burner blower切断阀burner shut-off valve旁通阀by-pass valve混风阀mixer selector valve送风期on blast of stove,on blast燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas换炉stove changing放散阀blow off valve内燃式热风炉Cowper stove外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove炉顶放散阀bleeding valve放散管bleeder上升管gas uptake放风阀snorting valve均压阀equalizing valve高压调节阀septum valve炉顶高压elevated top pressure铸铁机pig-casting machine铸铁模pig mold冲天炉cupola水渣granulating slag水渣池granulating pit渣场slag disposal pit高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex processHYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making 熔态还原smelting reduction铁溶法iron-bath process科雷克斯法COREX process生铁pig iron海绵铁sponge iron镜铁spiegel iron清铁法H-rion process5.7 炼钢钢steel炼钢steelmaking钢水liquid steel,molten steel钢semisteel沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semikilled steel压盖沸腾钢capped steel坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process混铁炉hot metal machine装料机charging machine装料期charging machine加热期heating period熔化期melting period造渣期slag forming period精炼期refining period熔清melting down脱氧deoxidation预脱氧preliminary dexidation还原渣reducing slag酸性渣acid slag碱性渣basic slag脱碳decarburization增碳recarburization脱磷dephosphorization回磷rephosphorization脱硫desulfurization回硫resulfurization脱氮denitrogenation过氧化overoxidation出钢tapping冶炼时间duration of heat出钢样tapping sample浇铸样casting sample不合格炉次off heat熔炼损耗melting loss铁损iron loss废钢scrap废钢打包baling of scrap造渣材料slag making materials添加剂addition reagent脱氧剂deoxidizer脱硫剂desulfurizer冷却剂coolant回炉渣return slag喷枪lance浸入式喷枪submerged lance钢包ladle出钢口top hole出钢槽pouring lining炉顶furnace roof炉衬furnace lining炉衬侵蚀lining erosion渣线slag line炉衬寿命lining life分区砌砖zoned lining补炉fettling热修hot repair喷补gunning火焰喷补flame gunning转炉converter底吹转炉bottom-blown converter酸性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown acid converter碱性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown basic converter侧吹转炉side-blown converter卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking氧气顶吹转炉top-blown oxygen converter,LI converter氧气底吹转炉bottom-blown oxygen converter quiet basic oxygen furnace,QBOF顶底复吹转炉top and bottom combined blown converter喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steelmaking process,KMS 住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo top and bottom blowing process,STB LBE复吹法lance bubbling equilibrium process,LBE顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lance carbon injection process,ALCI蒂森复合吹炼法Thyssen Blassen Metallurgical process,TBM面吹surface blow软吹soft blow硬吹hard blow补吹reblow过吹overblow后吹after blow目标碳aim carbon终点碳end point carbon高拉碳操作catch carbon practice增碳操作recarburization practice单渣操作single-slag operation双渣操作double-slag operation渣乳化slag emulsion二次燃烧postcombustion吹氧时间oxygen blow duration吹炼终点blow end point倒炉turning down喷渣slopping喷溅spitting静态控制static control动态控制dynamic control氧枪oxygen lance氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance转炉炉体converter body炉帽upper cone炉口mouth,lip ring装料大面impact pad活动炉底removable bottom顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance副枪sublance多孔砖nozzle brick单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere挡渣器slag stopper挡渣塞floating plug电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS平炉open-hearth furnace平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking冷装法cold charge practice热装法hot charge practice碳沸腾carbon boil石灰沸腾lime boil炉底沸腾bottom boil再沸腾reboil有效炉底面积effective hearth area酸性平炉acid open-hearth furnace碱性平炉basic open-hearth furnace固定式平炉stationary open-hearth furnace倾动式平炉tilting open-hearth furnace双床平炉twin-hearth furnace顶吹氧气平炉open-hearth furnace with roof oxygen lance蓄热室regenerator沉渣室slag pocket电炉炼钢electric steelmaking电弧炉electric arc furnace超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power electric arc furnace直流电弧炉direct current electric arc furnace双电极直流电弧炉double electrode direct current arc furnace 竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace电阻炉electric resistance furnace工频感应炉line frequency induction furnace中频感应炉medium frequency induction furnace高频感应炉high frequency induction furnace电渣重熔electroslag remelting,ESR电渣熔铸electroslag casting,ESC电渣浇注Bohler electroslag tapping,BEST真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arc remelting,V AR真空感应炉熔炼vacuum induction melting,VIM电子束炉重熔electron beam remelting,EBR等离子炉重炼plasma-arc remelting,PAR水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arc melting等离子感应炉熔炼plasma induction melting,PIM等离子连续铸锭plasma progressive casting,PPC等离子凝壳铸造plasma skull casting,PSC能量优化炼钢炉energy optimizing furnace,EOF氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner氧煤助熔accelerated melting by coal-oxygen burner氧化期oxidation period还原期reduction period长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制long arc foaming slag operation白渣white slag电石渣carbide slag煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection炉壁热点hot spots on the furnace wall偏弧arc bias透气塞porous plug出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time虹吸出钢siphon tapping偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottom tapping,EBT中心炉底出钢centric bottom tapping,CBT侧面炉底出钢side bottom tapping,SBT滑动水口出钢slide fate tapping5.8 精炼、浇铸及缺陷铁水预处理hot metal pretreatment机械搅拌铁水脱硫法KR process torpedo desulfurization鱼雷车铁水脱磷torpedo dephosphorization二次精炼secondary refining钢包精炼ladle refining合成渣synthetic slag微合金化microalloying成分微调trimming钢洁净度steel cleanness钢包炉ladle furnace,LF直流钢包炉DC ladle furnace真空钢包炉LF-vacuum真空脱气vacuum degassing真空电弧脱气vacuum arc degassing,V AD真空脱气炉vacuum degassing furnace,VDF真空精炼vacuum refining钢流脱气stream degassing提升式真空脱气法Dortmund Horder vacuum degassing process,DH 循环式真空脱气法Ruhstahl-Hausen vacuum degassing process,RH 真空浇铸vacuum casting吹氧RH操作RH-oxygen blowing,RH-OB川崎顶吹氧RH操作RH-Kawasaki top blowing,RH-KTB喷粉RH操作RH-poowder blowing,TH-PB喷粉法powder injection process喷粉精炼injection refining蒂森钢包喷粉法Thyssen Niederhein process,TN瑞典喷粉法Scandinavian Lancer process,SL君津真空喷粉法vacuum Kimitsu injection process密封吹氩合金成分调整法composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling,CAS吹氧提温CAS法CAS-OB process脉冲搅拌法pulsating mixing process,PM电弧加热电磁搅拌钢包精炼法ASEA-SKF process真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD 氩氧脱碳法argon-oxygen decarburization process,AOD蒸汽氧精炼法Creusot-Loire Uddelholm process,CLU无渣精炼slag free refining摇包法shaking ladle process铝弹脱氧法aluminium bullet shooting,ABS钢锭ingot铸锭ingot casting坑铸pit casting车铸car casting钢锭模ingot mold保温帽hot top下铸bottom casting上铸top casting补浇back pour,back feeding浇注速度pouring speed脱模ingot stripping发热渣exoslag防再氧化操作reoxidation protection连续浇注continuous casting连铸机continuous caster,CC,continuous casting machine,CCM 弧形连铸机bow-type continuous caster立弯式连铸机vertical-bending caster立式连铸机vertical caster水平连铸机horizontal caster小方坯连铸机billet caster大方坯连铸机bloom caster板坯连铸机slab caster薄板坯连铸机thin-slab casting薄带连铸机strip caster近终型浇铸near-net-shape casting单辊式连铸机single-roll caster单带式连铸机single-belt caster双带式连铸机twin-belt caster倾斜带式连铸机inclined conveyer type caster[连铸]流strand铸流间距strand distance注流对中控制stream centering control钢包回转台ladle turret中间包tundish回转式中间包swiveling tundish倾动式中间包tiltable tundish中间包挡墙weir and dam in tundish引锭杆dummy bar刚性引锭杆rigid dummy bar挠性引锭杆flexible dummy bar结晶器mold直型结晶器straight mold弧形结晶器curved mold组合式结晶器composite mold多级结晶器multi-stage mold调宽结晶器adjustable mold结晶器振动mold oscillation结晶器内钢液顶面meniscus,steel level钢液面控制技术steel level control technique 保护渣casting powder,mold powder凝壳shell液芯liquid core空气隙air gap一次冷却区peimary cooling zone二次冷却区secondary cooling zone极限冷却速度critical cooling rate浇铸半径casting radius渗漏bleeding拉坯速度casting speed拉漏breaking out振动波纹oscillation mark水口堵塞nozzle clogging气水喷雾冷却air mist spray cooling分离环separating ring拉辊withdrawal roll立式导辊vertical guide roll弯曲辊bending roll夹辊pinch roll矫直辊straightening roll驱动辊driving roll导向辊装置roller apron切割定尺装置cut-to-length device钢流保护浇注shielded casting practice多点矫直multipoint straightening电磁搅拌electromagnetic stirring,EMS浇注周期casting cycle多炉连浇sequence casting事故溢流槽emergercy launder菜花头cauliflower top。
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冶金专业英语翻译
科目专业英语专业冶金工程姓名仲光绪学号1045562137HISTORY OF THE BASIC OXYGEN STEELMAKING PROCESSBasic Oxygen Steelmaking is unquestionably the "son of Bessemer", the original pneumatic process patented by Sir Henry Bessemer in 1856. Because oxygen was not available commercially in those days, air was the oxidant. It was blown through tuyeres in the bottom of the pear shaped vessel. Since air is 80% inert nitrogen, which entered the vessel cold but exited hot, removed so much heat from the process that the charge had to be almost 100% hot metal for it to be autogenous. The inability of the Bessemer process to melt significant quantities of scrap became an economic handicap as steel scrap accumulated. Bessemer production peaked in the U.S. in 1906 and lingered until the 1960s.There are two interesting historical footnotes to the original Bessemer story:William Kelly was awarded the original U.S. patent for pneumatic steelmaking over Bessemer in 1857. However, it is clear that Kelly's "air boiling" process was conducted at such low blowing rates that the heat generation barely offset the heat losses. He never developed a commercial process for making steel consistently.Most European iron ores and therefore hot metal was high in sulfur and phosphorus and no processes to remove these from steel had been developed in the 1860s. As a result, Bessemer's steel suffered from both "hot shortness" (due to sulfur) and "cold shortness" (due to phosphorus) that rendered it unrollable. For his first commercial plant in Sheffield, 1866, Bessemer remelted cold pig iron imported from Sweden as the raw material for his hot metal. This charcoal derived pig iron was low in phosphorus and sulfur, and (fortuitously) high in manganese which acted as a deoxidant. In contrast the U.S. pig iron was produced using low sulfur charcoal and low phosphorus domestic ore. Therefore, thanks to the engineering genius of Alexander Holley, two Bessemer plants were in operation by 1866. However, the daily output of remotely located charcoal blast furnaces was very low. Therefore, hot metal was produced by remelting pig iron in cupolas and gravity feeding it to the 5 ton Bessemer vessels.The real breakthrough for Bessemer occurred in 1879 when Sidney Thomas, a young clerk from a London police court, shocked the metallurgical establishment by presenting data on a process to remove phosphorus (and also sulfur) from Bessemer's steel. He developed basic linings produced from tar-bonded dolomite bricks. These were eroded to form a basic slag that absorbed phosphorus and sulfur, although the amounts remained high by modern standards. The Europeans quickly took to the "Thomas Process" because of their very high-phosphorus hot metal, and as a bonus, granulated the phosphorus-rich molten slag in water to create a fertilizer. In the U.S., Andrew Carnegie, who was present when Thomas presented his paper in London, befriended the young man and cleverly acquired the U.S. license, which squelched any steelmaking developments in the South where high phosphorus ores are located.Although Bessemer's father had jokingly suggested using pure oxygen instead of air, this possibility was to remain a dream until "tonnage oxygen" became available at a reasonable cost. A 250 ton BOF today needs about 20 tons of pure oxygen every 40 minutes. Despite its high cost, oxygen was used in Europe to a limited extent in the 1930's to enrich the air blast for blast furnaces and Thomas converters. It was also used in the U.S for scarfing and welding.The production of low cost tonnage oxygen was stimulated in World War II by the German V2 rocket program. After the war, the Germans were denied the right to manufacture tonnage oxygen, but oxygen plants were shipped to other countries. The bottom tuyeres used in the Bessemer and Thomas processes could not withstand even oxygen-enriched air, let alone pure oxygen. In the late 1940s, Professor Durrer in Switzerland pursued his prewar idea of injecting pure oxygen through the top of the vessel. Development now moved to neighboring Austria where developers wanted to produce low nitrogen, flat-rolled sheet, but a shortage of scrap precluded open hearth operations. Following pilot plant trials at Linz and Donawitz, a top blown pneumatic process for a 35 ton vessel using pure oxygen was commercialized by Voest at Linz in 1952. The nearby Dolomite Mountains also provided an ideal source of material for basic refractories.The new process was officially dubbed the "LD Process" and because of its high productivity was seen globally as a viable, low capital process by which the war torn countries of Europe could rebuild their steel industries. Japan switched from a rebuilding plan based on open hearths to evaluate the LD, and installed their first unit at Yawata in 1957.Two small North American installations started at Dofasco and McLouth in 1954. However, with the know-how and capital invested in 130 million tons of open hearth capacity, plans for additional open hearth capacity well along, cheap energy, and heat sizes greater by an order of magnitude (300 versus 30 tons), the incentive to install this untested, small-scale process in North America was lacking. The process was acknowledged as a breakthrough technically but the timing, scale, and economics were wrong for the time. The U.S，which manufactured about 50% of the world's total steel output, needed steel for a booming post-war economy.There were also acrimonious legal actions over patent rights to the process and the supersonic lance design, which was now multihole rather than single hole. Kaiser Industries held the U.S. patent rights but in the end, the U.S. Supreme Court supported lower court decisions that considered the patent to be invalid.Nevertheless, the appeal of lower energy, labor, and refractory costs for the LD process could not be denied and although oxygen usage in the open hearth delayed the transition to the new process in the U.S., oxygen steelmaking tonnage grew steadily in the 1960's. By 1969, it exceeded that of the open hearth for the first time and has never relinquished its position as the dominant steelmaking process in the U.S. but the name LD never caught on in the U.S.Technical developments over the years include improved computer models and instrumentation for improved turn-down control, external hot metal desulfurization, bottomblowing and stirring with a variety of gases and tuyeres, slag splashing, and improved refractories.INTRODUCTIONAccounting for 60% of the world's total output of crude steel, the Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) process is the dominant steelmaking technology. In the U.S., that figure is 54% and slowly declining due primarily to the advent of the "Greenfield" electric arc furnace (EAF)flat-rolled mills. However, elsewhere its use is growing.There exist several variations on the BOS process: top blowing, bottom blowing, and a combination of the two. This study will focus only on the top blowing variation.The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking process differs from the EAF in that it is autogenous, orself-sufficient in energy. The primary raw materials for the BOP are 70-80% liquid hot metal from the blast furnace and the balance is steel scrap. These are charged into the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) vessel. Oxygen (>99.5% pure) is "blown" into the BOF at supersonic velocities. It oxidizes the carbon and silicon contained in the hot metal liberating great quantities of heat which melts the scrap. There are lesser energy contributions from the oxidation of iron, manganese, and phosphorus. The post combustion of carbon monoxide as it exits the vessel also transmits heat back to the bath.The product of the BOS is molten steel with a specified chemical anlaysis at 2900°F-3000°F. From here it may undergo further refining in a secondary refining process or be sent directly to the continuous caster where it is solidified into semifinished shapes: blooms, billets, or slabs.Basic refers to the magnesia (MgO) refractory lining which wears through contact with hot, basic slags. These slags are required to remove phosphorus and sulfur from the molten charge.BOF heat sizes in the U.S. are typically around 250 tons, and tap-to-tap times are about 40 minutes, of which 50% is "blowing time". This rate of production made the process compatible with the continuous casting of slabs, which in turn had an enormous beneficial impact on yields from crude steel to shipped product, and on downstream flat-rolled quality.BASIC OPERATIONBOS process replaced open hearth steelmaking. The process predated continuous casting. As a consequence, ladle sizes remained unchanged in the renovated open hearth shops and ingot pouring aisles were built in the new shops. Six-story buildings are needed to house the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) vessels to accommodate the long oxygen lances that are lowered and raised from the BOF vessel and the elevated alloy and flux bins. Since the BOSprocess increases productivity by almost an order of magnitude, generally only two BOFs were required to replace a dozen open hearth furnaces.Some dimensions of a typical 250 ton BOF vessel in the U.S. are: height 34 feet, outside diameter 26 feet, barrel lining thickness 3 feet, and working volume 8000 cubic feet. A control pulpit is usually located between the vessels. Unlike the open hearth, the BOF operation is conducted almost "in the dark" using mimics and screens to determine vessel inclination, additions, lance height, oxygen flow etc.Once the hot metal temperature and chemical analaysis of the blast furnace hot metal are known, a computer charge models determine the optimum proportions of scrap and hot metal, flux additions, lance height and oxygen blowing time.A "heat" begins when the BOF vessel is tilted about 45 degrees towards the charging aisle and scrap charge (about 25 to 30% of the heat weight) is dumped from a charging box into the mouth of the cylindrical BOF. The hot metal is immediately poured directly onto the scrap from a transfer ladle. Fumes and kish (graphite flakes from the carbon saturated hot metal) are emitted from the vessel's mouth and collected by the pollution control system. Charging takes a couple of minutes. Then the vessel is rotated back to the vertical position and lime/dolomite fluxes are dropped onto the charge from overhead bins while the lance is lowered to a few feet above the bottom of the vessel. The lance is water-cooled with a multi-hole copper tip. Through this lance, oxygen of greater than 99.5% purity is blown into the mix. If the oxygen is lower in purity, nitrogen levels at tap become unacceptable.CONCLUSIONThe BOS has been a pivotal process in the transformation of the U.S. steel industry since World War II. Although it was not recognized at the time, the process made it possible to couple melting with continuous casting. The result has been that melt shop process and finishing mill quality and yields improved several percent, such that the quantity of raw steel required per ton of product decreased significantly.The future of the BOS depends on the availability of hot metal, which in turn depends on the cost and availability of coke. Although it is possible to operate BOFs with reduced hot metal charges, i.e. < 70%, there are productivity penalties and costs associated with the supply of auxiliary fuels. Processes to replace the blast furnace are being constantly being unveiled, and the concept of a hybrid BOF-EAF is already a reality at the Saldahna Works in South Africa. However, it appears that the blast furnace and the BOS will be with us for many decades into the future.The American Iron and Steel Institute acknowledges, with thanks, the contributions of Teresa M. Speiran, Senior Research Engineer, Refractories and Bruce A. Steiner, Senior Environmental Advisor, Collier Shannon Scott PLLC.氧气转炉炼钢氧气转炉炼钢工艺的历史氧气转炉炼钢无疑是“贝塞麦法的衍生”，气动原件过程由爵士亨利柏麦在1856年申请了专利。
unitHotBlastStove冶金专业英语
Each hot blast stove is a large exchanger to preheat blast furnace air. It can utilize the heating value of the furnace off-gasses to heat the blast air to 1,000 to 1,350℃. When well designed and operated, the thermal efficiency of the stoves will be 80% to 85%. 每座热风炉 都是一个用于预热高炉用风的大换热器，它 能利用高炉煤气的热值把空气加热到 1,000～1,300℃。当设计合理、操作得当时， 热风炉的热效率将达到80%～85%。
The design of the stove burner is critical in assuring good combustion and efficient, stable operation. Internal ceramic burners with high mixing capability of the gas and air streams are recommended to meet this requirement. The checker chamber is packed with checker bricks which provide many small, vertically-aligned flues for the high temperature gasses. The efficiency of the stove is improved as the surface area to volume ratio for the checker mass is increased. 在保证良好燃烧和有效稳定 操作方面热风炉燃烧器的设计很关键，用煤气和助燃 空气混合效果好的陶瓷燃烧器能够满足这一要求。蓄 热室是用格子砖堆砌而成的，它能提供许多直径比较 小的高温气体直通管。当格子砖的表面积与体积比增 加时，热风炉的效率就会提高。
各专业英文翻译
法学 Law Study英语 English日语 Japanese信息与计算科学 Information and Computation Science应用物理学 Applied Physics冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering金属材料工程 Metallic Materials Engineering无机非金属材料 Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials材料成型及控制工程 Material Formation and controlEngineering高分子材料与工程 Multimolecular Materials and Engineering工业设计 Industrial Disign建筑学 Architecture城市规划 City Planning艺术设计 Artistical Disign包装工程 Packaging Engineering机械设计制造及自动化Machine Disign,Manufacturing,and Automation热能与动力工程 Thermal and Power Engineering水利水电工程 WaterConservance and Electro-power Engineering测控技术与仪器 Technique and Instrumentation of Measurements电气工程及其自动化 Electric Engineering and its Automation自动化 Automation通信工程 Communication Engineering电子信息科学与技术 Sience and Technology of Electronic Information 计算机科学与技术 Computer Sience and Technology土木工程 Civil Engineering工程管理 Project Management给水排水工程 Water Supply and Sewage Engineering建筑环境与设备工程 Constructional Environment and Equipment Engineering 过程装备与控制工程 Processing Units and Control Engineering环境工程 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Biology植物学 Botany动物学 Zoology生理学 Physiology水生生物学 Hydrobiology微生物学 Microbiology神经生物学 Neurobiology遗传学 Genetics发育生物学 Developmental Biology细胞生物学 Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 生物物理学 Biophysics生态学 Ecology系统科学 Systems Science系统理论 Systems Theory系统分析与集成 Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术史 History of Science and Technology工学 Engineering力学 Mechanics一般力学与力学基础 General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学 Solid Mechanics流体力学 Fluid Mechanics工程力学 Engineering Mechanics机械工程 Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation 机械电子工程 Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论 Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程 Vehicle Engineering光学工程 Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术 Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械 Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器 Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料科学与工程 Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学 Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学 Materialogy材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金 Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金 Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理 Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics工程热物理 Engineering Thermophysics热能工程 Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程 Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程 Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程 Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械 Chemical Process Equipment电气工程 Electrical Engineering电机与电器 Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化 Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术 High Voltage and Insulation Technology 电力电子与电力传动 Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术 Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术 Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学 Physical Electronics电路与系统 Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学 Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术 Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering 通信与信息系统 Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理 Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程 Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程 Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置 Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程 Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统 Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制 Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术 Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论 Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构 Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术 Computer Applied Technology建筑学 Architecture建筑历史与理论 Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论 Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计） Urban Planning and Design (including Landscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学 Building Technology Science土木工程 Civil Engineering岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering结构工程 Structural Engineering市政工程 Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程 Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程 Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源 Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学 Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程 Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程 Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程 Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering 测绘科学与技术 Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程 Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感 Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程 Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术 Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程 Chemical Engineering化学工艺 Chemical Technology生物化工 Biochemical Engineering应用化学 Applied Chemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程 Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探 Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration 地球探测与信息技术 Geodetection and Information Technology 地质工程 Geological Engineering矿业工程 Mineral Engineering采矿工程 Mining Engineering矿物加工工程 Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程 Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程 Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程 Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程 Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程 Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering 纺织科学与工程 Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程 Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计 Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程 Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程 Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程 The Light Industry Technology and Engineering 制浆造纸工程 Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程 Sugar Engineering发酵工程 Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程 Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程 Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程 Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制 Traffic Information Engineering & Control 交通运输规划与管理 Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程 Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程 Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造 Design and Construction of Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure轮机工程 Marine Engine Engineering水声工程 Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术 Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计 Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程 Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程 Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程 Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术 Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程 Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering 兵器发射理论与技术 Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程 Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术 Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术 Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程 Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料 Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用 Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护 Radiation and Environmental Protection农业工程 Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程 Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程 Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程 Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy Engineering农业电气化与自动化 Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程 Forestry Engineering森林工程 Forest Engineering木材科学与技术 Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程 Chemical Processing Engineering of Forest Products环境科学与工程 Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学 Environmental Science环境工程 Environmental Engineering生物医学工程 Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程 Food Science and Engineering食品科学 Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程 Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering农产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products农学 Agriculture作物学 Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学 Crop Cultivation and Farming System作物遗传育种学 Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学 Horticulture果树学 Pomology蔬菜学 Olericulture茶学 Tea Science农业资源利用学 Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources 土壤学 Soil Science植物营养学 Plant Nutrition植物保护学 Plant Protection植物病理学 Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治 Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control 农药学 Pesticide Science畜牧学 Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖 Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Science动物营养与饲料科学 Animal Nutrition and Feed Science草业科学 Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学（含蚕、蜂等） The Rearing of Special-type EconomicAnimals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学 Veterinary Medicine基础兽医学 Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学 Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学 Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学 Forestry林木遗传育种学 Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学 Silviculture森林保护学 Forest Protection森林经理学 Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用 Wildlife Conservation and Utilization 园林植物与观赏园艺 Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治 Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating水产学 Fisheries Science水产养殖学 Aquaculture Science捕捞学 Fishing Science渔业资源学 Science of Fisheries Resources医学 Medicine基础医学 Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学 Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology 免疫学 Immunology病原生物学 Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学 Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学 Forensic Medicine放射医学 Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学 Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学 Clinical Medicine内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学） Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学 Pediatrics老年医学 Geriatrics神经病学 Neurology精神病与精神卫生学 Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学 Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学 Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学 Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学 Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学） Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学 Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学 Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学 Otolaryngology肿瘤学 Oncology康复医学与理疗学 Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy 运动医学 Sports Medicine麻醉学 Anesthesiology急诊医学 Emergency Medicine口腔医学 Stomatology口腔基础医学 Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学 Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学 Public Health and Preventive Medicine 流行病与卫生统计学 Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学 Occupational and Environmental Health 营养与食品卫生学 Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学 Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health 卫生毒理学 Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学 Military Preventive Medicine中医学 Chinese Medicine中医基础理论 Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础 Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献 History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学 Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学 Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学 Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学 Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学 Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学 Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学 Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学 Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学 Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学 Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学 Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学 Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学 Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学 Pharmaceutical Science药物化学 Medicinal Chemistry药剂学 Pharmaceutics生药学 Pharmacognosy药物分析学 Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学 Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学 Pharmacology中药学 Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学 Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学 Military Thought and Military History 军事思想学 Military Thought军事历史学 Military History战略学 Science of Strategy军事战略学 Military Strategy战争动员学 War Mobilization战役学 Science of Operations联合战役学 Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学） Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学 Science of Tactics合同战术学 Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学 Branch Tactics军队指挥学 Science of Command作战指挥学 Combat Command军事运筹学 Military Operation Research军事通信学 Military Communication军事情报学 Military Intelligence密码学 Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学） Military Education and Training (including Military Physical Training)军制学 Science of Military System军事组织编制学 Military Organizational System军队管理学 Military Management军队政治工作学 Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学 Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学 Military Logistics后方专业勤务 Rear Special Service军事装备学 Military Equipment管理学 Management Science管理科学与工程 Management Science and Engineering工商管理学 Science of Business Administration会计学 Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学） Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学 Tourist Management技术经济及管理学 Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学 Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学 Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学 Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学 Science of Public Management行政管理学 Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学 Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学 Educational Economy and Management社会保障学 Social Security土地资源管理学 Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学 Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学 Library Science情报学 Information Science档案学 Archival Science。
冶金常用词汇英语翻译
出，花费；经费，消费额
发散；使蒸发 vi. 呼气；发出；发散 假想的；编造的；假装的
expenditure: 支出 | 开支 | 费用
exhale: 呼出 | 发出 | 梦醒时分
77, pedestrian [pi'destriən]adj. 徒步
49, legislative ['ledʒislətiv]n. 立法
复习；修订本
58, forum ['fɔ:rəm]n. 论坛，讨论
73, dynamic [dai'næmik]adj. 动态的；
revision: 版次 | 校正 | 校订
会；法庭；公开讨论的广场
动力的；动力学的；有活力的 n. 动
46, credentials [kri'denʃəlz]n. [管理] Forum: 论坛 | 讨论区 | 广场
29, scattered ['skætəd]adj. 分散的；散 团
乱的
Presidium: 主席团 | 管委环廊
scattered: 零散 | 零落的 | 疏散的 30, fundamental [,fʌndə'mentəl]adj.
42, standing committee 常务委员会 Standing Committee: 常务委员会 | 常
常用机械词汇翻译
1, bearer ['bεərə] n. 持票人；[建] 承 木；[机] 托架；送信人；搬运工人 2, recede [ri'si:d]vi. 后退；减弱 vt. 归 还 recede: 收回 | 后退 | 向后退 3, shrink [ʃriŋk]vi. 收缩；畏缩 vt. 使 缩小，使收缩 n. 收缩 shrink: 收缩 | 心理医生 | 萎缩 4, motivation [,məuti'veiʃən]n. 动 机；积极性；推动 motivation: 动机 | 激励 | 动机综合 5, as well as 也；和…一样；不但… 而且 6, 以及 and as well as as along with 7, 占 occupy take up 8, account for 对负有责任；对做出 解释；说明的原因 account for: 说明 | 解释 | 占 9, healthcare ['helθkεə]n. 医疗保健； 健康护理，健康服务；卫生保健 Healthcare: 医学管理人员 | 健康 | 医 疗 10, committees [kə'mitiz]n. 委员会； 街道办事处 committees: 委员会 11, compared with 与...相比较 Compared With: 相比而言 | 与 | 与相 比 12, arena [ə'ri:nə]n. 舞台；竞技场 arena: 竞技场 | 阿瑞娜 | 室内运动场 13, billionaire [,biljə'nεə]n. 亿万富翁 billionaire: 亿万富翁 | 巨富 | 亿万富 豪 14, rags-to-riches adj. 贫穷到富裕 的；白手起家的 rags-to-riches: 贫穷到富裕 | 白手起家 的 15, prudent ['pru:dənt]adj. 谨慎的； 精明的；节俭的 prudent: 谨慎的 | 明智的 | 审慎的 16, demolition [,demə'liʃən]n. 拆除 （等于demolishment）；破坏；毁坏 demolition: 拆除 | 拆毁 | 拆卸 17, relocation [,ri:ləu'keiʃən] n. 重新安置；再布置，变换布置
材料学专业英语
加工方法Manufacturing Method 拉力强度Tensile Strength 机械性能Mechanical Properites低碳钢或铁基层金属Iron & Low Carbon as Base Metal 镀镍Nickel Plated 镀黄铜Brass Plated马氏铁体淬火Marquenching 退火Annealing 淬火Quenching高温回火High Temperature Tempering 应力退火温度Stress –relieving Annealing Temperature晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented)和非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented硬磁材料Hard Magnetic Material表面处理Surface Finish硬度Hardness 电镀方法Plating type 锌镀层质量Zinc Coating Mass表面处理Surface Treatment 拉伸应变Stretcher Strains焊接Welding 防止生锈Rust Protection硬度和拉力Hardness & Tensile strength test 连续铸造法Continuous casting process珠光体Pearlite 单相金属Single Phase Metal Ferrite渗碳体Cementitle奥氏体Austenite软磁Soft Magnetic硬磁Hard Magnetic疲劳测试Impact Test热膨胀系数Coefficient of thermal expansion 比重Specific gravity化学性能Chemical Properties物理性能Physical Properties 再结晶Recrystallization硬化Work Hardening包晶反应Peritectic Reaction包晶合金Peritectic Alloy 共晶Eutectic临界温度Critical temperature 自由度Degree of freedom相律Phase Rule金属间化物Intermetallic compound 固熔体Solid solution 置换型固熔体Substitutional type solid solution米勒指数Mill's Index晶体结构Crystal structure金属与合金Metal and Alloy金属特性Special metallic featuresStrength抗腐蚀和耐用Corrosion & resistance durability强度Strengthen 无机非金属inorganic nonmetallic materials 燃料电池fuel cell新能源new energy resources材料科学专业学术翻译必备词汇材料科学专业学术翻译必备词汇编号中文英文1 合金alloy2 材料material3 复合材料properties4 制备preparation5 强度strength6 力学mechanical7 力学性能mechanical8 复合composite9 薄膜films10 基体matrix11 增强reinforced12 非晶amorphous13 基复合材料composites14 纤维fiber15 纳米nanometer16 金属metal17 合成synthesis 18 界面interface19 颗粒particles20 法制备prepared21 尺寸size22 形状shape23 烧结sintering24 磁性magnetic25 断裂fracture26 聚合物polymer27 衍射diffraction 28 记忆memory29 陶瓷ceramic30 磨损wear31 表征characterization32 拉伸tensile33 形状记忆memory34 摩擦friction35 碳纤维carbon36 粉末powder37 溶胶sol-gel38 凝胶sol-gel39 应变strain40 性能研究properties41 晶粒grain42 粒径size43 硬度hardness44 粒子particles45 涂层coating46 氧化oxidation47 疲劳fatigue48 组织microstructure49 石墨graphite50 机械mechanical51 相变phase52 冲击impact53 形貌morphology54 有机organic55 损伤damage56 有限finite57 粉体powder58 无机inorganic59 电化学electrochemical60 梯度gradient61 多孔porous62 树脂resin63 扫描电镜sem64 晶化crystallizatio n65 记忆合金memory66 玻璃glass67 退火annealing68 非晶态amorphous 69 溶胶-凝胶sol-gel70 蒙脱土montmorillon ite71 样品samples 72 粒度size73 耐磨wear74 韧性toughness75 介电dielectric76 颗粒增强reinforced77 溅射sputtering78 环氧树脂epoxy79 纳米tio tio80 掺杂doped81 拉伸强度strength82 阻尼damping83 微观结构microstructure84 合金化alloying85 制备方法preparation86 沉积deposition87 透射电镜tem88 模量modulus89 水热hydrothermal90 磨损性wear91 凝固solidification92 贮氢hydrogen93 磨损性能wear94 球磨milling95 分数fraction96 剪切shear97 氧化物oxide98 直径diameter99 蠕变creep100弹性模量modulus留纞銅雀樓12:53:02101储氢hydrogen102压电piezoelectric103电阻resistivity104纤维增强composites 105纳米复合材料preparation 106制备出prepared107磁性能magnetic 108导电conductive 109晶粒尺寸size110弯曲bending111光催化tio 112非晶合金amorphous 113铝基复合材料composites 114金刚石diamond115沉淀precipitation116分散dispersion117电阻率resistivity118显微组织microstructure119sic复合材料sic120硬质合金cemented121摩擦系数friction122吸波absorbing123杂化hybrid124模板template125催化剂catalyst126塑性plastic127晶体crystal128sic颗粒sic129功能材料materials130铝合金alloy131表面积surface132填充filled133电导率conductivity134控溅射sputtering135金属基复合材料composites136磁控溅射sputtering137结晶crystallization138磁控magnetron139均匀uniform140弯曲强度strength141纳米碳carbon142偶联coupling143电化学性能electrochemical144和性能properties 145al复合材料composite 146高分子polymer147本构constitutive 148晶格lattice149编织braided150断裂韧性toughness 151尼龙nylon152摩擦磨损性friction 153耐磨性wear154摩擦学tribological 155共晶eutectic156聚丙烯polypropylene157半导体semiconductor158偶联剂coupling159泡沫foam160前驱precursor161高温合金superalloy162显微结构microstructure163氧化铝alumina164扫描电子显微镜sem165时效aging166熔体melt167凝胶法sol-gel168橡胶rubber169微结构microstructure170铸造casting171铝基aluminum172抗拉强度strength173导热thermal174透射电子显微镜tem175插层intercalation176冲击强度impact177超导superconducting178记忆效应memory179固化curing180晶须whisker181溶胶-凝胶法制sol-gel182催化catalytic183导电性conductivity184环氧epoxy185晶界grain186前驱体precursor 187机械性能mechanical 188抗弯strength189粘度viscosity190热力学thermodyna mic191溶胶-凝胶法制备sol-gel 192块体bulk 193抗弯强度strength194粘土clay 195微观组织microstructu re 196孔径pore197玻璃纤维glass198压缩compression199摩擦磨损wear200马氏体martensitic留纞銅雀樓12:53:57201制得prepared202复合材料性能composites203气氛atmosphere204制备工艺preparation205平均粒径size206衬底substrate207相组成phase208表面处理surface209杂化材料hybrid210材料中materials211断口fracture212增强复合材料composites213马氏体相变transformation214球形spherical215混杂hybrid216聚氨酯polyurethane217纳米材料nanometer218位错dislocation219纳米粒子particles220表面形貌surface221试样samples222电学properties223有序ordered224电压voltage225析出phase226拉伸性tensile227大块bulk 228立方cubic229聚苯胺polyaniline 230抗氧化性oxidation 231增韧toughening 232物相phase233表面改性modification 234拉伸性能tensile235相结构phase 236优异excellent237介电常数dielectric238铁电ferroelectric239复合材料力学性能composites240碳化硅sic241共混blends242炭纤维carbon243复合材料层composite244挤压extrusion245表面活性剂surfactant246阵列arrays247高分子材料polymer248应变率strain249短纤维fiber250摩擦学性能tribological251浸渗infiltration252阻尼性能damping253室温下room254复合材料层合板composite255剪切强度strength256流变rheological257磨损率wear258化学气相沉积deposition259热膨胀thermal260屏蔽shielding261发光luminescence262功能梯度functionally263层合板laminates264器件devices265铁氧体ferrite266刚度stiffness 267介电性能dielectric 268xrd分析xrd269锐钛矿anatase270炭黑carbon271热应力thermal272材料性能properties 273溶胶-凝胶法sol-gel 274单向unidirectiona l275衍射仪xrd 276吸氢hydrogen277水泥cement278退火温度annealing279粉末冶金powder280溶胶凝胶sol-gel281熔融melt282钛酸titanate283磁合金magnetic284脆性brittle285金属间化合物intermetallic286非晶态合金amorphous287超细ultrafine288羟基磷灰石hydroxyapatite289各向异性anisotropy290镀层coating291颗粒尺寸size292拉曼raman293新材料materials294tic颗粒tic295孔隙率porosity296制备技术preparation297屈服强度strength298金红石rutile299采用溶胶-凝胶sol-gel300电容量capacity301热电thermoelectric302抗菌antibacterial303聚酰亚胺polyimide304二氧化硅silica305放电容量capacity306层板laminates 307微球microspheres 308熔点melting309屈曲buckling 310包覆coated311致密化densification 312磁化强度magnetizatio n313疲劳寿命fatigue314本构关系constitutive 315组织结构microstructure316综合性能properties317热塑性thermoplastic318形核nucleation319复合粒子composite320材料制备preparation321晶化过程crystallization322层间interlaminar323陶瓷基ceramic324多晶polycrystalline325纳米结构nanostructures326纳米复合composite327热导率conductivity328空心hollow329致密度density330x射线衍射仪xrd331层状layered332矫顽力coercivity333纳米粉体powder334界面结合interface335超导体superconductor336衍射分析diffraction337纳米粉powders338磨损机理wear339泡沫铝aluminum340进行表征characterized341梯度功能gradient342耐磨性能wear343平均粒particle344聚苯乙烯polystyrene 345陶瓷基复合材料composites 346陶瓷材料ceramics 347石墨化graphitizatio n348摩擦材料friction 349熔化melting 350多层multilayer留纞銅雀樓12:55:33 351和其性能properties 352酚醛树脂resin353电沉积electrodeposition354分散剂dispersant355相图phase356复合材料界面interface357壳聚糖chitosan358抗氧化性能oxidation359钙钛矿perovskite360分层delamination361热循环thermal362氢量hydrogen363蒙脱石montmorillonite364接枝grafting365导率conductivity366放氢hydrogen367微粒particles368伸长率elongation369延伸率elongation370烧结工艺sintering371层合laminated372纳米级nanometer373莫来石mullite374磁导率permeability375填料filler376热电材料thermoelectric377射线衍射ray378铸造法casting379粒度分布size380原子力afm381共沉淀coprecipitation382水解hydrolysis 383抗热thermal 384高能球ball385干摩擦friction 386聚合物基polymer 387疲劳裂纹fatigue388分散性dispersion 389硅烷silane390弛豫relaxation 391物理性能properties 392晶相phase 393饱和磁化强度magnetization394凝固过程solidification395共聚物copolymer396光致发光photoluminescence397薄膜材料films398导热系数conductivity399居里curie400第二相phase401复合材料制备composites402多孔材料porous403水热法hydrothermal404原子力显微镜afm405压电复合材料piezoelectric406尼龙6nylon407高能球磨milling408显微硬度microhardness409基片substrate410纳米技术nanotechnology411直径为diameter412织构texture413氮化nitride414热性能properties415磁致伸缩magnetostriction416成核nucleation417老化aging418细化grain419压电材料piezoelectric420纳米晶amorphous421si合金si422复合镀层composite 423缠绕winding 424抗氧化oxidation 425表观apparent 426环氧复合材料epoxy 427甲基methyl428聚乙烯polyethylene 429复合膜composite 430表面修饰surface431大块非晶amorphous 432结构材料materials 433表面能surface434材料表面surface435疲劳性能fatigue436粘弹性viscoelastic437基体合金alloy438单相phase439梯度材料material440六方hexagonal441四方tetragonal442蜂窝honeycomb443阳极氧化anodic444塑料plastics445超塑性superplastic446sem观察sem447烧蚀ablation448复合薄膜films449树脂基resin450高聚物polymer451气相vapor452电子能谱xps453硅烷偶联coupling454团聚particles455基底substrate456断口形貌fracture457抗压强度strength458储能storage459松弛relaxation460拉曼光谱raman461孔率porosity462沸石zeolite463熔炼melting464磁体magnet465sem分析sem466润湿性wettability 467电磁屏蔽shielding 468升温heating469致密dense470沉淀法precipitation 471差热分析dta472成功制备prepared 473复合体系composites 474浸渍impregnation 475力学行为behavior 476复合粉体powders 477沥青pitch478磁电阻magnetoresistance479导电性能conductivity480光电子能谱xps481材料力学mechanical482夹层sandwich483玻璃化glass484衬底上substrates485原位复合材料composites486智能材料materials487碳化物carbide488复相composite489氧化锆zirconia490基体材料matrix491渗透infiltration492退火处理annealing493磨粒wear494氧化行为oxidation495细小fine496基合金alloy497粒径分布size498润滑lubrication499定向凝固solidification500晶格常数lattice留纞銅雀樓12:56:20501晶粒度size502颗粒表面surface503吸收峰absorption504磨损特性wear505水热合成hydrothermal506薄膜表面films507性质研究properties 508试件specimen 509结晶度crystallinity 510聚四氟乙烯ptfe511硅烷偶联剂silane 512碳化carbide 513试验机tester514结合强度bonding 515薄膜结构films516晶型crystal517介电损耗dielectric 518复合涂层coating519压电陶瓷piezoelectric520磨损量wear521组织与性能microstructure522合成法synthesis523烧结过程sintering524金属材料materials525引发剂initiator526有机蒙脱土montmorillonite527水热法制hydrothermal528再结晶recrystallization529沉积速率deposition530非晶相amorphous531尖端tip532淬火quenching533亚稳metastable534穆斯mossbauer535穆斯堡尔mossbauer536偏析segregation537种材料materials538先驱precursor539物性properties540石墨化度graphitization541中空hollow542弥散particles543淀粉starch544水热法制备hydrothermal545涂料coating546复合粉末powder547晶粒长大grain548sem等sem549复合材料组织microstructu re550界面结构interface 551煅烧calcined 552共混物blends553结晶行为crystallizatio n554混杂复合材料hybrid 555laves相laves556摩擦因数friction 557钛基titanium558磁性材料magnetic559制备纳米nanometer560界面上interface561晶粒大小size562阻尼材料damping563热分析thermal564复合材料层板laminates565二氧化钛titanium566沉积法deposition567光催化剂tio568余辉afterglow569断裂行为fracture570颗粒大小size571合金组织alloy572非晶形成amorphous573杨氏模量modulus574前驱物precursor575过冷alloy576尖晶石spinel577化学镀electroless578溶胶凝胶法制备sol-gel579本构方程constitutive580磁学magnetic581气氛下atmosphere582钛合金titanium583微粉powder584压电性piezoelectric585晶须sic586应力应变strain587石英quartz588热电性thermoelectric589相转变phase590合成方法synthesis 591热学thermal 592气孔率porosity 593永磁magnetic 594流变性能rheological 595压痕indentation 596热压烧结sintering 597正硅酸乙酯teos 598点阵lattice599梯度功能材料fgm 600带材tapes601磨粒磨损wear602碳含量carbon603仿生biomimetic604快速凝固solidification605预制preform606差示dsc607发泡foaming608疲劳损伤fatigue609尺度size610镍基高温合金superalloy611透过率transmittance612溅射法制sputtering613结构表征characterization614差示扫描dsc615通过semsem616水泥基cement617木材wood618分析tem619量热calorimetry620复合物composites621铁电薄膜ferroelectric622共混体系blends623先驱体precursor624晶态crystalline625冲击性能impact626离心centrifugal627断裂伸长率elongation628有机-无机organic-inorganic629块状bulk630相沉淀precipitation631织物fabric632因数coefficient 633合成与表征synthesis 634缺口notch635靶材target636弹性体elastomer 637金属氧化物oxide 638均匀化homogenizati on639吸收光谱absorption 640磨损行为wear641高岭土kaolin 642功能梯度材料fgm643滞后hysteresis644气凝胶aerogel645记忆性memory646磁流体magnetic647铁磁ferromagnetic648合金成分alloy649微米micron650蠕变性能creep留纞銅雀樓12:56:46651聚氯乙烯pvc652湮没annihilation653断裂力学fracture654滑移slip655差示扫描量热dsc656等温结晶crystallization657树脂基复合材料composite658阳极anodic659退火后annealing660发光性properties661木粉wood662交联crosslinking663过渡金属transition664无定形amorphous665拉伸试验tensile666溅射法sputtering667硅橡胶rubber668明胶gelatin669生物相容性biocompatibility670界面处interface671陶瓷复合材料composite 672共沉淀法制coprecipitatio n673本构模型constitutive 674合金材料alloy675磁矩magnetic 676隐身stealth677比强度strength 678改性研究modification 679采用粉末powder 680晶粒细化grain681抗磨wear682元合金alloy683剪切变形shear684高温超导superconducting685金红石型rutile686晶化行为crystallization687催化性能catalytic688热挤压extrusion689微观microstructure690tem观察tem691缺口冲击impact692生物材料biomaterials693涂覆coating694纳米氧化nanometer695x射线光电子能谱xps696硅灰石wollastonite697摩擦条件friction698衍射峰diffraction699块体材料bulk700溶质solute701冲击韧性impact702锐钛矿型anatase703凝固组织microstructure704磨损试验机tester705丙烯酸甲酯pmma706光谱raman707减振damping708聚酯polyester709体材料materials 710航空aerospace 711光吸收absorption 712韧化toughening 713疲劳裂纹扩展fatigue 714超塑superplastic 715凝胶法制备gel716半导体材料semiconduct or717剪应力shear718发光材料luminescence 719凝胶法制gel720甲基丙烯酸甲酯pmma721硬质hard722摩擦性能friction723电致变色electrochromic724超细粉powder725增强相reinforced726薄带ribbons727结构弛豫relaxation728光学材料materials729sic陶瓷sic730纤维含量fiber731高阻尼damping732镍基nickel733热导thermal734奥氏体austenite735单轴uniaxial736超导电性superconductivity737高温氧化oxidation738树脂基体matrix739含能energetic740粘着adhesion741穆斯堡尔谱mossbauer742脱层delamination743反射率reflectivity744单晶高温合金superalloy745粘结bonded746快淬quenching747熔融插层intercalation748外加applied749钙钛矿结构perovskite750减摩friction751复合氧化物oxide21 / 21。
工业词汇
cast iron 铸铁
cast iron ingot 铸铁锭
slag 炉渣
soft iron 软铁
pig iron 生铁
wrought iron 熟铁
iron ingot 铁锭
puddled iron 搅炼熟铁
round iron 圆铁
blowlamp 吹炬（美作：blowtorch）
crusher 破碎机
irxite 铁钒土
alumina 铝
cryolite 冰晶石
flux 熔剂
limestone flux 石灰石溶剂
haematite 赤铁矿（美作：hematite）
hearth 炉底
charger 装料机
ladle 铁水包，钢水包
dust catcher 除尘器
washer 洗涤塔
converter 转炉
hoist 卷扬机
compressor 压缩机
tilting mixer 可倾式混铁炉
regenerator 蓄热室
scrap iron 废铁
steel 钢
crude steel 粗钢
mild steel, soft steel 软钢，低碳钢
hard steel 硬钢
cast steel 坩埚钢，铸钢
stainless steel 不锈钢
electric steel 电工钢，电炉钢
finished product 成品，产品
semifinished product 半成品，中间产品
ferrous products 铁制品
coking plant 炼焦厂
金属 单词
金属单词单词：metal1. 定义与释义1.1词性：名词1.2释义：一种具有光泽（如金属光泽）、可延展、能导电和导热的物质，通常为固体，包括铁、铜、金、银等。
1.3英文解释：A substance that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity, such as iron, copper, gold, silver, etc.1.4相关词汇：metallic（形容词，金属的、金属制的）；metalwork （名词，金属制品；金属加工）；metallurgy（名词，冶金学）。
2. 起源与背景2.1词源：源于希腊语“metallon”，表示金属矿、矿石等。
2.2趣闻：在古代，金属的发现和使用对人类文明的发展有着巨大的推动作用。
例如，青铜时代的到来是因为人类学会了将铜和锡混合制成青铜，这种合金比纯铜更坚硬，从而使工具和武器的制造有了质的飞跃。
3. 常用搭配与短语3.1短语：(1) metal plate：金属板例句：The worker put the metal plate on the table.翻译：工人把金属板放在桌子上。
(2) heavy metal：重金属（音乐类型或指重金属物质）例句：He likes listening to heavy metal music.翻译：他喜欢听重金属音乐。
(3) metal detector：金属探测器例句：The security guard used a metal detector to check the passengers.翻译：保安用金属探测器检查乘客。
(4) precious metal：贵金属例句：Gold and silver are precious metals.翻译：金和银是贵金属。
化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译(D-I)2
化学及化工专业词汇英语翻译(D-I)2- -dual gravity valve 双比重阀duboisine 天仙子胺ductility 延性ductilometer 拉伸度仪dulcin 对乙氧基苯脲dulcitol 卫矛醇dull finish 消光dull surface 无光面dulong petit's law 杜珀二氏定律duma's method 杜马斯法duplet 电子偶duplex printing 双面复合印花durability 耐久性duralumin 硬铝durene 杜烯duriron 杜里龙高硅钢durometer 硬度计durometer hardness 硬度计硬度dust chamber 除尘器dust coal 粉煤dust collector 除尘器dust powder 木炭粉dust sampler 粉尘采样器dust separator 除尘分离器dye 染料dye laser 染料激光器dyeing 染色dyeing assistant 染色辅助剂dyeing equilibrium 染色平衡dyeing power 染色力dyeing speed 上染速度dyestuff 染料dyestuff chemistry 染料化学dynameter 倍率计dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic isomerism 动态异构性dynamic modulus 动态模量dynamic pressure 动压dynamic viscosity 动态粘度dynamics 动力学dynamite 达纳炸药dypnone 缩二苯乙酮dysprosium 镝dysprosium bromide 溴化镝dysprosium carbonate 碳酸镝dysprosium chloride 氯化镝dysprosium hydroxide 氢氧化镝dysprosium nitrate 硝酸镝dysprosium oxide 氧化镝dysprosium oxychloride 氯氧化镝dysprosium phosphate 磷酸镝dysprosium sulfate 硫酸镝dystectic mixture 高熔混合物dystectic point 高熔点e bond e 键early strength cement 早强水泥earth acids 土酸类earth color 矿物颜料earth metals 土金属earth wax 木炭earthenware 陶器earthy humus 土状腐殖质ebonite 硬橡胶ebulliometer 酒精沸点计;沸点测定器ebullioscopic constant 沸点升高常数ebullioscopic method 沸点升高法ebullition 沸腾ecdysone 蜕化素ecgonine 芽子碱echelon grating 梯式格子eclipsing effect 重叠效应economizer 省煤器eddy 涡流eddy conductivity 涡寥导性eddy current 涡电流eddy viscosity 涡脸度edeleanu process 爱德林精炼法edestin 麻仁球蛋白edge runner 轮碾机edible fat 食用脂edible oil 食用油edison storage battery 爱迪生蓄电池editcoal gas 煤气editcyclotron 回旋加速器editmetallized carbon filament 金属化碳丝editmethacrylate resin 甲基丙烯酸尸editnitroglycerin 硝化甘油editpaint film 漆膜editpotassium cyanide 氰化钾editpour point 晶出点editsteric hindrance 立体阻碍editthixotropic gel 触变胶体edittrialkyl chlorosilane 三烷基氯硅烷editwater purification unit 净水设备edman degradation technique 埃德曼降解技术effect of extension 延伸效应effective angle 有效角effective area 有效面积effective collision number 有效碰撞数effective half life 有效半衰期effective head 有效扬程effective permeability 有效渗透率effective power 有效功率effective quantum number 有效量子数effective resistance 有效抵抗effective thermal conductivity 有效热传导率effective value 有效值effervescence 发泡efficiency 效率efficiency of dust collection 除尘效率efficiency of rectification tower 精馏塔效率efflorescence 风化effluent 瘤物efflux velocity 瘤速度efflux viscometer 瘤式粘度计effusiometer 打散计effusion 喷出effusive rock 喷出岩egg albumin 卵清蛋白egg white 蛋白egg yolk 蛋黄ehrlich's reagent 欧利布试剂eicosane 廿烷eicosanoic acid 花生酸eigen energy 本哲eigenfunction 本寨数eigenvalue 本盏eikonogen 显影剂einstein bohr equation 爱因斯坦玻尔方程einstein condensation 爱因斯坦凝聚einstein diffusion equation 爱因斯坦扩散方程einstein photochemical equivalenct law 爱因斯坦光化当量定律einstein photoelectric law 爱因斯坦光电定律einstein planck law 爱因斯坦普朗克定律einstein's equation for specific heat 爱因斯坦比热方程einstein's viscosity equation 爱因斯坦粘度方程式einsteinium 锿ejector 喷射器ejector condenser 喷射式冷凝器eka cesium 类铯eka element 待寻元素eka iodine 类碘eka tantalum 类钽elaeolite 脂光石elaeometer 油脂比重计elaeosacchara 油糖剂elaidic acid 反油酸elaidin 反油酸精elaidin test 反油酸检验elaidinization 反油酸转位elastase 弹性蛋白酶elastic aftereffect 弹性后效elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic deformation 弹性变形elastic force 弹性力elastic gum 弹性胶elastic hysteresis 弹性滞后elastic limit 弹性极限elastic medium 弹性介质elastic modulus 弹性系数elastic recovery 弹性复原elastic rubber 弹性胶elasticity 弹性elastin 弹性硬朊elastomer 弹性体elastometer 弹性计elastoviscometer 弹性粘度计elastoviscometry 弹性粘度测量法elaterometer 气体密度计elatrometry 气体密度测量法elbs reaction 埃尔布斯反应electret 驻极体electric analysis 电分析法electric arc furnace 电弧炉electric calorimeter 电热量计electric charge 电荷electric conductivity 导电率electric conductor 导体electric current 电流electric desalting 电脱盐electric detonator 电爆管electric discharge 放电electric double layer 双电层electric drying apparatus 电干燥机electric dust precipitator 电集尘器electric energy 电能electric field 电场electric furnace 电炉electric heater 电热器electric heating 电热electric insulation 电绝缘electric potential 电位electric power 电力electric precipitation 电力沉淀electric resistance 电阻electric resistance furnace 电阻炉electric resistance manometer 电阻压力计electric resistance thermometer 电阻温度计electric susceptibility 电极化率electric thermostat 电热恒温器electric welding 电焊electrical carbonization 电法炼焦electrical dispersion 电分散法electrical property 电性质electroactive substance 电活性物质electroanalysis 电分析electrocapillarity 电毛细现象electrocapillary curve 电毛细管曲线electrocast brick 电熔耐火砖electrocasted refractories 电炉熔铸耐火物electrocasting 电铸electrocatalysis 电催化酌electroceramics 电陶瓷electrochemical cell 蓄电池electrochemical corrosion 电化学腐蚀electrochemical equivalent 电化当量electrochemical industry 电化工业electrochemical passivation 电化钝化electrochemical polarization 电化极化electrochemical process 电化法electrochemical protection 电化学防腐法electrochemical reaction 电化学反应electrochemical series 电化序electrochemistry 电化学electrochromatography 电气色层法electrocoagulation 电凝聚electroconductive glass 电导玻璃electrocyclic reaction 电环化反应electrode 电极electrode potential 电极势electrode process 电极过程electrode reaction 电极反应electrodecantation 电倾析electrodeposition 电极沉积electrodeposition analysis 电沉积分析electrodialysis 电渗析electroexplosive 电起爆炸药electrofocusing 等电点聚焦electroforming 电铸electrogeochemistry 电地球化学electrogravimetric analysis 电重量分析electrohydrometry 电液体比重测量法electrokinetic phenomena 界面电动学现象electrokinetic potential 界面动电势electroluminescence 电致发光electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electrolytic aluminium 电解铝electrolytic analysis 电解分析electrolytic analysis apparatus 电解分析装置electrolytic bath 电解槽electrolytic bleaching 电解漂白electrolytic cell 电解槽electrolytic cleaning 电解清洗electrolytic condenser 电解质电容器electrolytic copper 电解铜electrolytic degreasing 电解去油electrolytic dissociation 电离electrolytic dissociation constant 电离常数electrolytic extraction 电解萃取electrolytic hardening 电解硬化electrolytic oxidation 电解氧化electrolytic polarization 电解极化electrolytic polishing 电解研磨electrolytic rectifier 电解整流electrolytic reduction 电解还原electrolytic refining 电解精炼electrolytic solution 电解溶液electrolytical surface treatment 电表面处理electrolytics 电解学electromagnet 电磁铁electromagnetic field 电磁场electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁量计electromagnetic gas analyzer 电磁气分析计electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic oscillograph 电磁式示波器electromagnetic separation 电磁分离electromagnetic separator 电磁分离器electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromerism 电子异构electrometallurgy 电冶金学electrometer 电位计electrometer tube 电表管electrometric titration 电滴定electromigration 电迁移法electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron affinity 电子亲合势electron beam 电子束electron capture 电子俘获electron cloud 电子云electron configuration 电子构型electron density 电子密度electron diffraction 电子衍射electron donor 电子供体electron emission 电子发射electron exchange 电子交换electron exchange resin 电子交换尸electron gas 电子气electron lattice interaction 电子点阵相互酌electron microscope 电子显微镜electron orbit 电子轨道electron oxidation reduction resin 电子交换尸electron pair 电子对electron pair bond 电子对键electron probe microanalysis 电子探针微量分析electron rays 电子束electron redox resin 电子交换尸electron shell 电子壳electron spectroscopy 电子能谱术electron transfer reaction 电子转移反应electron transport 电子转移electron transport system 电子传递体系electron tube 电子管electron volt 电子伏特electronegative element 阴电性元素electronegativity 电负度electronic charge 电子电荷electronic computer 电子计算机electronic conduction 电子传导electronic friction 电子摩擦electronic galvanometer 电子管检疗electronic oscillator 电子振荡器electronic polarization 电子极化electronic self balancing type recorder 电子自动平衡记录器electronic structure of molecule 分子的电子结构electronic tube glass 真空管玻璃electronic voltmeter 电子伏特计electronics 电子学electroosmosis 电渗透electrophilic agent 亲电子试剂electrophilic reaction 亲电子反应electrophilic rearrangement 亲电子换位electrophoresis 电泳electrophoresis apparatus 电泳器electrophoretic effect 电泳效应electrophotography 电照相术electroplating 电镀electropositive element 阳电性元素electropositive potential 阳电势electroscope 验电器electrosol 电溶胶electrostatic field 静电场electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic potential 静电势electrostatic separator 静电选矿机electrostatic valence rule 静电价规则electrostenolysis 细孔隔膜电解electrotechnical porcelain 电瓷electrothermic industry 电热工业electrothermics 电热学electrovalence 离子价electrowinning 电解沉积element 元素elementary analysis 元素分析elementary charge 电子电荷elementary particle 基本粒子elementary reaction 基本反应elemi 榄香脂eleolite 霞石eleolite syenite 霞石正长岩eleostearic acid 桐酸elevation of boiling point 沸点升高elgin extractor 埃尔金萃取器elimination reaction 消除反应ellagic acid 花烯ellipsometry 椭圆光度法elongation percentage 伸长率eluate 洗出液eluent 洗脱液elution 洗提elution analysis 淘析分析elution constant 淋洗常数elution curve 淘析曲线elutriation 淘析elutriator 淘析器emagram 埃玛图eman 埃曼emanation 射气emerald 纯绿宝石emerald green 巴黎绿emery 金刚砂emery cloth 研磨砂布emery paper 砂纸emery wheel 金刚砂轮emetine 依米丁emetine hydrochloride 盐酸依米丁emission flame photometry 发射火焰光度法emission spectroanalysis 发射光谱分析emission spectrochemical analysis 发射光谱分析emission spectrum 放射光谱emission standard 排出标准emissivity 放射率empire cloth 绝缘丝布empirical formula 实验式empirical rule 经验定则emulgator 乳化剂emulsification 乳化emulsification test 乳化试验emulsifier 乳化剂emulsifying agent 乳化剂emulsin 苦杏仁酶emulsion 乳浊液emulsion breaking 反乳化emulsion cleaner 乳状洗涤剂emulsion paint 乳胶状漆emulsion polymerization 乳浊聚合emulsoid 乳胶体enamel 搪瓷enamel paint 瓷漆enamel paper 加工印刷纸enameled paper 蜡图纸enameling furnace 搪瓷窑enamine 烯胺enanthaldehyde 庚醛enanthic acid 庚酸enantiomorphic crystal 对映晶体enantiomorphous 对映的enantiomorphy 对映现象enantiotropy 互变现象enargite 硫砷铜矿end absorption 末端吸收end cell 端电池end group 末端基end group measurement 端基测定end point 终点end point correction 终点修正end point error 终点误差end product 最终产品endless belt 环状带endo 桥endo enzyme 内酵素endo form 春孢型endocyclic double bond 桥环双键endonuclease 核酸内切酶endopeptidase 肽链内切酶endosmosis 内渗endosulfan 板硫烷endothermic 吸热的endothermic compound 吸热化合物endothermic reaction 吸热反应endoxan 安道生endrin 异狄氏剂energy 能energy band 能带energy gap 能隙energy ionization 电离能energy level 能级energy metabolism 能量代谢energy momentum tensor 能量动量张量energy quantum 能量子enfleurage 花香的提取engine distillate 发动泼轻油engine oil 机油engineering 工程engineering unit 工程单位engler distillation 断蒸馏engler distillation test 断蒸馏试验engler flask 断长颈馏瓶engler viscometer 断粘度计enol 烯醇enol form 烯醇式enol keto tautomerism 烯醇酮互变异构现象enolase 烯醇酶enolate anion 烯醇阴离子enolization 烯醇化enriched uranium 浓缩铀enriched water gas 富水煤气enriching column 富集柱enthalpimetric analysis 热焓分析enthalpy 焓entner doudoroff pathway 抖攀咸墙馔揪恩entrainment 雾沫夹带entropy 熵entropy elasticity 熵弹性envelope 包晶environmental capacity 环境容量environmental science 环境科学environmental standard 环境标准enzyme 酶enzyme chemistry 酵素化学enzyme inhibition 酶抑制enzyme repression 酶阻遏enzyme unit 酶单位enzymology 酶学eosin 伊经eosine 曙红钠ep lubricant ep 润滑剂ephedrine 麻黄碱epiandrosterone 表雄甾酮epichlorohydrin 表氯醇epichlorohydrine 氯甲代氧丙环epimer 差向异构体epimerase 表异构酶epimerization 差向异构酌epinephrine 肾上腺素epitaxy 取向生长epoxidation 环氧化epoxide 环氧化物epoxy compound 环氧化合物epoxy group 环氧基epoxy resin 环氧尸epoxy resin varnish 环氧尸清漆epsom salt 淘利盐epsomite 淘利盐equalizing line 均衡管equation of state 状态方程equatorial bond 平伏键equiatomic 等原子的equidensity technique 等密度法equilibrium 平衡equilibrium concentration 平衡浓度equilibrium constant 平衡常数equilibrium moisture content 平衡湿量equilibrium ratio 平衡比equilibrium solubility 平衡溶解度equilibrium state 平衡状态equimolecular mixture 等分子混合物equipartition 均分equipment 装置equipotential surface 等势面equivalence 等价equivalence point 当量点equivalent 当量equivalent concentration 规定浓度equivalent conductivity 当量电导equivalent nuclei 等效核equiviscous temperature 等粘温度erbium 铒erbium chloride 氯化铒erbium hydroxide 氢氧化铒erbium nitrate 硝酸铒erbium oxalate 草酸铒erbium oxide 氧化铒erbium sulfate 硫酸铒erbon 抑草蓬erepsin 肠肽酶ereptase 肠蛋白酶ergobasine 麦角巴生ergocalciferol 麦角钙化甾醇ergocornine 麦角柯宁碱ergocristine 麦角日亭ergocryptine 麦角环肽ergodic hypothesis 遍历假设ergometrine 麦角新碱ergosine 麦角僧ergosterol 麦角甾醇ergotamine 麦角胺ergotinine 麦角亭宁ergotoxine 麦角毒eriochrome black t 羊毛铬黑t eriodictyol 毛纲草酚erlenmeyer flask 锥瓶erlenmeyer synthesis 厄伦美厄合成erosion 腐蚀erosiveness 侵蚀性error 误差error of sampling 取样误差erucic acid 瓢儿菜油酸erucic amide 芥酸胺erucyl alcohol 瓢儿菜醇erythrene 刺桐烯erythrite 钴华erythritol 赤藓醇erythrocruorin 无脊椎动物血红蛋白erythrocyte 红血球erythrodextrin 红糊精erythroidine 刺桐定erythrose 赤藓糖erythrosine 赤藓红erythrulose 赤藓酮糖escaping tendency 逃逸瞧eschka mixture 埃斯卡混合融剂esculin 七叶灵eserine 毒扁豆碱esparto wax 梧牙草蜡essential amino acid 必需氨基酸essential fatty acid 必需脂肪酸essential oil 精油ester 酯ester gum 酯屎ester interchange 相互酯化ester of fatty acid 脂肪酸酯ester value 酯化值esterase 酯酶esterification 酯化estersil 硅酯estradiol 雌二醇estragole 草蒿脑estragon oil 龙蒿油estrane 雌烷estriol 雌三醇estrone 雌素酮etard reaction 埃塔反应etch pit 腐蚀斑etching 腐蚀etching figure 蚀像etching ground 腐蚀涂料etching ink 腐蚀墨水ethanal 乙醛ethane 乙烷ethanedioic acid 草酸ethanethiol 乙硫醇ethanol 乙醇ethanolamine 乙醇胺ethene 乙烯ethenol 乙烯醇ethephon 乙烯利ether 醚ether extract 乙醚抽出物etherification 醚化ethion 乙硫磷ethionamide 乙硫磷酰胺ethionine 乙硫氨酸ethisterone 妊娠素ethohexadiol 乙基己二醇ethoxide 乙醇盐ethoxybenzene 乙氧基苯ethoxylation 乙氧基化ethyl abietate 松香酸乙酯ethyl acetate 乙酸乙酯ethyl alcohol 乙醇ethyl benzoate 苯酸乙酯ethyl butyrate 丁酸乙酯ethyl caprate 癸酸乙酯ethyl carbonate 碳酸乙酯ethyl cellulose 乙基纤维素ethyl chloride 氯乙烷ethyl cyanide 乙基氰ethyl ether 乙醚ethyl formate 甲酸乙酯ethyl group 乙基ethyl iodide 碘乙烷ethyl isobutyrate 异丁酸乙酯ethyl isocyanate 异氰酸乙酯ethyl lactate 乳酸乙酯ethyl laurate 十二酸乙酯ethyl malonate 乙基丙二酸酯ethyl methacrylate 甲基丙烯酸乙酯ethyl nitrate 硝酸乙酯ethyl oleate 油酸乙酯ethyl oxide 氧化乙烷ethyl phenyl ketone 苯丙酮ethyl salicylate 水杨酸乙酯ethyl sulfoxide 乙基亚砜ethyl thioether 乙硫醚ethylacetylene 乙基乙炔ethylamine 乙胺ethylate 乙醇盐ethylation 乙基化ethylbenzene 苯乙烷ethylcyclohexane 乙基环己烷ethylene 乙烯ethylene chloride 氯化乙烯ethylene chlorohydrin 2 氯乙醇ethylene cyanohydrin 乙撑氰醇ethylene glycol 乙撑亚胺ethylene lactic acid 羟丙酸ethylene oxide 氧丙环ethylene union 烯键ethylenediamine 乙二胺ethylenic linkage 烯键ethylidene chloride 乙叉二氯ethylidene lactic acid 乙叉式乳酸ethylmercaptan 乙硫醇ethylsulfuric acid 乙基硫酸ethyne 乙炔eucaine 优卡因eucalyptol 桉试eucolloid 真胶体eucryptite 锂霞石eudiometer 量气管eudiometry 气体测定法eugenol 丁子香酚euglobulin 优球蛋白euler number 欧拉数eupaverine 优帕非林europium 铕europium carbonate 碳酸铕europium chloride 三氯化铕europium hydroxide 氢氧化铕europium nitrate 硝酸铕europium oxide 氧化铕eutectic 共晶eutectic alloy 低共熔合金eutectic mixture 共晶混合物eutectic point 共融点eutectic temperature 共融温度evacuation 排空evaporating dish 蒸发皿evaporation 蒸发evaporation losses 蒸发损失evaporation residue 蒸发残渣evaporation to dryness 蒸干evaporator 蒸发器evt 等粘温度exact differential 恰当微分exaltation 超加折射exaltone 环十五烷酮excess air 过量空气excessive pressure 超压exchange adsorption 交换吸附exchange current 互换流exchange energy 交换能量exchange equilibrium constant 交换平衡常数exchange force 交换力exchange group 交换基exchange integral 交换积分exchange interaction 交换相互酌exchange reaction 交换反应excimer 受澈二聚物exciplex 激态络合物excitation 激励excitation potential 激励电位excitation purity 激发纯度excited state 激励状态exciton 激子excluded volume effect 已占体积效应exfoliation 剥落exhaust fan 排风机exhaust gas 废气exhaust steam 废蒸气exhauster 排风机exhaustion point 消耗点exocyclic double bond 环外双键exon 外显子exonuclease 核酸外切酶exopeptidase 外肽酶exosmosis 外渗exotherm 放热曲线exothermic 产热的exothermic compound 放热化合物exothermic reaction 放热反应exotic atom 异原子exotic fuels 高热值燃料expanded clay 膨胀粘土expanded plastics 泡沫塑料expander 膨胀器expansion 膨胀expansion coefficient 膨胀系数expansion ratio 膨胀比expansion system 膨胀系expansive cement 膨胀水泥expansivity 膨胀系数expectation value 期待值experiment 实验experimental chemistry 实验化学experimental error 实验误差experimental fact 实验事实explosion limits 爆炸极限explosion pipet 爆炸球管explosion wave 爆炸波explosive chain reaction 爆炸链锁反应explosive compound 爆炸化合物explosive mixture 爆炸混合物explosive oxidizer 炸药的氧化剂explosive spark 爆炸火花explosive substance 爆炸物exposure meter 露光计exposure time 曝光时间extender 增量剂extender pigment 体质颜料extensibility 伸长性extension 延伸extension modulus 伸长模量extension ratio 伸长比extensive property 外延性质extensive variable 外延变量external corrosion 外部腐蚀external indicator 外指示剂external waviness 表面波纹external work 外功extinction coefficient 吸光系数extract 萃取物extract liquor 萃取液extractability 萃取率extractant 提取剂extracting reagent 提取剂extraction 萃取extraction battery 萃取崎extraction method 抽出法extraction photometric method 提取光度法extraction rate 提取速度extraction system 抽提系统extractive crystallization 抽提结晶extractive distillation 提取蒸馏extractor 萃取器extraordinary ray 非常光线extrapolation 外插法extreme environment 极限环境extreme pressure lublicating oil 极压润滑油extreme value 极值extremum 极值extruded article 压出制品extruder 挤出机extrusion 挤压压出extrusion molding 挤压成形exudation 渗出eyepiece 目镜f acid f 酸f distribution f 分布fabric 织物fabric filler 织物填料fabrication 制造face centered cubic lattice 面心立方晶格facet 面factice 油膏factor 因数factorial design 因子设计factorial development 系数显影法factory test 工厂试验facultative anaerobe 嫌气性细菌fadeometer 褪色计fahrenheit scale 华氏温标fall velocity 沉降速度falling ball viscometer 落球粘度计falling drop method 落滴法falling rate drying 降速率干燥false setting 异常凝固fan 风扇fan belt 风扇皮带farad 法拉faraday constant 法拉第常数faraday effect 法拉第效应faraday's law of electrolysis 法拉第电解定律farinometer 面粉谷胶测定器farnesol 法呢醇fashioning 成形fast color 不褪色颜色fast powder 高速炸药fastness 坚牢度fastness test 坚牢度试验fastness to rubbing 耐摩擦坚牢度fastness to water 耐水性fat 脂肪fat and oil 油脂。
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冶金专业英语词汇（N）
冶金专业英语词汇（N）naegite 苗水石nail rod 制钉用铁nantokite 铜盐native copper 自然铜native gold 自然金native iron 自然铁native lead 天然铅native magnet 天然磁铁native mercury 自然汞native metal 自然金属native platinum 自然铂natrium aluminate 铝酸盐natrolite 钠沸石natural aging 自然时效natural amalgam 天然汞膏natural bonded sand 天然粘结砂natural convection 自然对流natural cooling 自然冷却natural draught 自然通风natural gas 天然煤气natural gas injection 天然气体喷入natural graphite 天然石墨natural magnet 天然磁铁natural powder 天然粉natural uranium 天然铀naturally alloyed iron 天然铁合金naturally alloyed steel 天然合金钢naumannite 硒银矿navy bronze 海军青铜necking 形成细颈needle crystal 针状结晶needle type martensite 针状马氏体negative adsorption 负吸附negative allowance 负公差negative catalyst 负催化剂thermocouple pyrometer 热电偶高温计negative crystal 负晶体negative edge dislocation 负刀型位错negative electrode 阴极negative hardening 反淬火negative ion 阴离子negative polarity 逆极性negative pressure 负压negative segregation 反偏析negative strip 负速拉坯negative terminal 负极端子neodymium 钕nepheline 霞石nephelite 霞石nephelometric analysis 浊度分析neptunium 镎net structure 网状组织net weight 净重neumann bands 纽曼带neutral angle 中性角neutral atmosphere 中性气氛neutral flame 中性焰neutral leaching 中性浸出neutral medium 中性介质neutral plane 中性面neutral point 中性点neutral refractory 中性耐火材料neutral salt 中性盐neutral slag 中性炉渣neutral solution 中性液neutral zone 中性区neutrality 中性neutralization 中和neutralization heat 中和热neutralizer 中和剂neutralizing agent 中和剂neutron diffraction 中子衍射neutron irradiation 中子照射neutron radiography 中子射线照相术newton's metal 牛顿易熔合金newtonian viscosity 牛顿粘度ni resist iron 高镍耐热耐蚀合金nicaro process 尼加罗炼镍法niccolite 红砷镍矿nichrome 尼克洛姆镍铬耐热合金nichrome wire 镍铬丝nickel 镍nickel alloy 镍合金nickel base alloy 镍基合金nickel brass 镍黄铜nickel bronze 镍青铜nickel carbonate 碳酸镍nickel carbonyl 羰基镍nickel chloride 氯化镍nickel electrolyte 镍电解液nickel hydroxide 氢氧化镍nickel manganese steel 镍锰钢nickel matte 镍冰铜nickel nitrate 硝酸镍nickel olivine 硅镍矿nickel ore 镍矿nickel oxide 氧化镍nickel plating 镀镍nickel protoxide 氧化亚镍nickel pyrite 镍黄铁矿nickel shot 镍粒nickel steel 镍钢nickel sulfate 硫酸镍nickelin 铜镍锰合金nickeling 镀镍nickelizing 镍电解淀积处理nicking 刻痕nicolayite 硅铝钍铀矿nicrosilal 镍铬硅铸铁nimonic 尼莫尼克合金niobic acid 铌酸niobide 铌化物niobite 铌铁矿niobium 铌niobium oxide 氧化铌nipple 内接头niresist 耐蚀镍合金nital 硝酸化乙醇腐蚀液niter 硝石nitralizing 熔融硝酸钠处理nitralloy 渗氮钢nitrate 硝酸盐nitrating 掺氮nitric acid leaching 硝酸浸出nitride 氮化物nitride inclusion 氮化物夹杂nitride layer 氮化层nitrided case 渗氮层nitrided case depth 渗氮层厚度nitrided ferrochrome 氮铬铁nitriding 氮化nitriding atmosphere 氮化气氛nitriding depth 渗氮层厚度nitriding steel 渗氮钢nitrocarburizing 气体碳氮化nitrogen 氮nitrogen alloyed austenite steel 含氮奥氏钢nitrogen hardening 氮化nitrogenized manganese 氮化锰nitrogenous ferrochrome 氮铬铁nitromuriatic acid 王水no slip region 粘着区no twist rolling 无扭轧制nobelium 锘noble metal 贵金属nodular fire clay 球状耐火粘土nodular graphite 球状石墨nodular powder 球状粉末nodular troostite 细珠光体nodule 球状夹杂物nominal upset force 公称镦锻力nonaging steel 无时效钢noncaking coal 非结焦煤noncoking coal 非结焦煤nonconservative motion 非守恒运动nonconsumable electrode 非自耗电极noncontinuous cooling 断续冷却noncorrosive steel 不锈钢nondeforming steel 不变形钢nondestructive inspection 非破坏检查nondestructive test 非破坏试验nonelectrolyte 非电解质nonferrous alloy 非铁合金nonferrous electrode 有色金属焊条nonferrous metal 非铁金属nonferrous metallurgy 非铁金属冶金nonferrous welding 有色金属焊接nonideal solution 非理想溶液nonintegrated steelworks 非联合的钢铁厂nonmagnetic alloy 非磁性合金nonmagnetic material 非磁体nonmagnetic steel 无磁性钢nonmagnetic substance 非磁体nonmetal 非金属nonmetallic inclusion 非金属夹杂物nonmetallic phase 非金属相nonmiscibility 非混溶性nonoxidizing heating 无氧化加热nonpolar compound 非极性化合物nonrefractory alloy 非耐热合金nonreversibility 不可逆性nonreversing mill 非可逆式轧机nonsizing 尺寸走样nonslip point 中性点nontarnishing alloy 抗变色合金nonuniform deformation 非均匀变形nonuniformity 不均匀性nonvariant system 不变系nonwaste technology 无废料生产工艺normal distribution 正态分布normal electrode 标准电极normal element 标准电池normal force 法向力normal polarity 正极性normal segregation 正偏析normal solution 规度溶液normal state 标准状态normal stress 法向应力normal swelling 正常膨张normal thermometer 标准温度计thermocouple pyrometer 热电偶高温计normalization 规格化normalized steel 正火钢normalizing 正火normalizing furnace 正火炉notch 缺口notch bar bending test 缺口弯曲试验notch brittleness 缺口脆性notch effect 缺口效应notch fatigue factor 缺口疲劳系数notch impact strength 缺口冲煌度notch root 缺口根部notch sensitivity 缺口灵感度notch specimen 缺口试样notched bar impact test 缺口冲辉验notched bar toughness 缺口韧性notched bending test 缺口弯曲试验notching 缺口nozzle 喷嘴nucleant 成核剂nuclear corrosion 核腐蚀nuclear fuel 核燃料nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振nuclear metallurgy 核燃料冶金nuclear reaction 核反应nuclear steelmaking 核炼钢nucleating agent 成核剂nucleation 核生成nucleation catalyst 成核剂nucleation rate 成核率nucleus 核nucleus of crystallization 晶核nugget 天然块金。
材料专业翻译必备词汇
材料科学专业学术翻译必备词汇编号中文英文1 合金alloy2 材料material3 复合材料properties4 制备preparation5 强度strength6 力学mechanical7 力学性能mechanical8 复合composite9 薄膜films10 基体matrix11 增强reinforced12 非晶amorphous13 基复合材料composites14 纤维fiber15 纳米nanometer16 金属metal17 合成synthesis18 界面interface19 颗粒particles20 法制备prepared21 尺寸size22 形状shape23 烧结sintering24 磁性magnetic25 断裂fracture26 聚合物polymer27 衍射diffraction28 记忆memory29 陶瓷ceramic30 磨损wear31 表征characterization32 拉伸tensile33 形状记忆memory34 摩擦friction35 碳纤维carbon36 粉末powder37 溶胶sol-gel 38 凝胶sol-gel39 应变strain40 性能研究properties41 晶粒grain42 粒径size43 硬度hardness44 粒子particles45 涂层coating46 氧化oxidation47 疲劳fatigue48 组织microstructure49 石墨graphite50 机械mechanical51 相变phase52 冲击impact53 形貌morphology54 有机organic55 损伤damage56 有限finite57 粉体powder58 无机inorganic59 电化学electrochemical60 梯度gradient61 多孔porous62 树脂resin63 扫描电镜sem64 晶化crystallization65 记忆合金memory66 玻璃glass67 退火annealing68 非晶态amorphous69 溶胶-凝胶sol-gel70 蒙脱土montmorillonite71 样品samples72 粒度size73 耐磨wear74 韧性toughness75 介电dielectric76 颗粒增强reinforced77 溅射sputtering78 环氧树脂epoxy79 纳米tio80 掺杂doped81 拉伸强度strength82 阻尼damping83 微观结构microstructure84 合金化alloying85 制备方法preparation86 沉积deposition87 透射电镜tem88 模量modulus89 水热hydrothermal90 磨损性wear91 凝固solidification92 贮氢hydrogen93 磨损性能wear94 球磨milling95 分数fraction96 剪切shear97 氧化物oxide98 直径diameter99 蠕变creep100 弹性模量modulus101 储氢hydrogen102 压电piezoelectric103 电阻resistivity104 纤维增强composites105 纳米复合材料p reparation106 制备出prepared107 磁性能magnetic108 导电conductive109 晶粒尺寸size110 弯曲bending111 光催化tio112 非晶合金amorphous113 铝基复合材料c omposites114 金刚石diamond115 沉淀precipitation116 分散dispersion 117 电阻率resistivity 118 显微组织microstructure 119 复合材料sic120 硬质合金cemented 121 摩擦系数friction122 吸波absorbing 123 杂化hybrid124 模板template125 催化剂catalyst126 塑性plastic127 晶体crystal128 颗粒sic129 功能材料materials130 铝合金alloy131 表面积surface132 填充filled133 电导率conductivity 134 控溅射sputtering135 金属基复合材料composites136 磁控溅射sputtering137 结晶crystallization 138 磁控magnetron 139 均匀uniform140 弯曲强度strength141 纳米碳carbon142 偶联coupling143 电化学性能electrochemical 144 及性能properties145 al复合材料composite146 高分子polymer147 本构constitutive 148 晶格lattice149 编织braided150 断裂韧性toughness151 尼龙nylon152 摩擦磨损性friction153 耐磨性wear154 摩擦学tribological 155 共晶eutectic156 聚丙烯polypropylene157 半导体semiconductor158 偶联剂coupling159 泡沫foam160 前驱precursor161 高温合金superalloy162 显微结构microstructure163 氧化铝alumina164扫描电子显微镜sem165 时效aging166 熔体melt167 凝胶法sol-gel168 橡胶rubber169 微结构microstructure170 铸造casting171 铝基aluminum172 抗拉强度strength173 导热thermal174透射电子显微镜tem175 插层intercalation176 冲击强度impact177 超导superconducting178 记忆效应memory179 固化curing180 晶须whisker181溶胶-凝胶法制sol-gel182 催化catalytic183 导电性conductivity184 环氧epoxy185 晶界grain186 前驱体precursor187 机械性能mechanical188 抗弯strength189 粘度viscosity190 热力学thermodynamic191 溶胶-凝胶法sol-gel制备192 块体bulk193 抗弯强度strength194 粘土clay195 微观组织microstructure196 孔径pore197 玻璃纤维glass198 压缩compression199 摩擦磨损wear200 马氏体martensitic201 制得prepared202 复合材料性能c omposites203 气氛atmosphere204 制备工艺preparation205 平均粒径size206 衬底substrate207 相组成phase208 表面处理surface209 杂化材料hybrid210 材料中materials211 断口fracture212 增强复合材料c omposites213 马氏体相变transformation214 球形spherical215 混杂hybrid216 聚氨酯polyurethane217 纳米材料nanometer218 位错dislocation219 纳米粒子particles220 表面形貌surface221 试样samples222 电学properties223 有序ordered224 电压voltage225 析出phase226 拉伸性tensile227 大块bulk228 立方cubic229 聚苯胺polyaniline230 抗氧化性oxidation 231 增韧toughening 232 物相phase233 表面改性modification 234 拉伸性能tensile235 相结构phase236 优异excellent 237 介电常数dielectric 238 铁电ferroelectric239 复合材料力学性能composites240 碳化硅sic241 共混blends 242 炭纤维carbon 243 复合材料层composite 244 挤压extrusion 245 表面活性剂surfactant 246 阵列arrays247 高分子材料polymer 248 应变率strain249 短纤维fiber250 摩擦学性能tribological 251 浸渗infiltration 252 阻尼性能damping 253 室温下room254 复合材料层合板composite255 剪切强度strength256 流变rheological 257 磨损率wear258 化学气相沉积d eposition 259 热膨胀thermal260 屏蔽shielding 261 发光luminescence 262 功能梯度functionally 263 层合板laminates 264 器件devices265 铁氧体ferrite266 刚度stiffness 267 介电性能dielectric 268 xrd分析xrd269 锐钛矿anatase270 炭黑carbon271 热应力thermal272 材料性能properties273 溶胶-凝胶法sol-gel274 单向unidirectional275 衍射仪xrd276 吸氢hydrogen277 水泥cement278 退火温度annealing279 粉末冶金powder280 溶胶凝胶sol-gel281 熔融melt282 钛酸titanate283 磁合金magnetic284 脆性brittle285 金属间化合物i ntermetallic286 非晶态合金amorphous287 超细ultrafine288 羟基磷灰石hydroxyapatite289 各向异性anisotropy290 镀层coating291 颗粒尺寸size292 拉曼raman293 新材料materials294 颗粒tic295 孔隙率porosity296 制备技术preparation297 屈服强度strength298 金红石rutile299采用溶胶-凝胶sol-gel300 电容量capacity301 热电thermoelectric302 抗菌antibacterial303 聚酰亚胺polyimide304 二氧化硅silica305 放电容量capacity306 层板laminates307 微球microspheres308 熔点melting309 屈曲buckling310 包覆coated311 致密化densification312 磁化强度magnetization313 疲劳寿命fatigue314 本构关系constitutive315 组织结构microstructure316 综合性能properties317 热塑性thermoplastic318 形核nucleation319 复合粒子composite320 材料制备preparation321 晶化过程crystallization322 层间interlaminar323 陶瓷基ceramic324 多晶polycrystalline325 纳米结构nanostructures326 纳米复合composite327 热导率conductivity328 空心hollow329 致密度density330 x射线衍射仪 xrd331 层状layered332 矫顽力coercivity333 纳米粉体powder334 界面结合interface335 超导体superconductor336 衍射分析diffraction337 纳米粉powders338 磨损机理wear339 泡沫铝aluminum340 进行表征characterized341 梯度功能gradient342 耐磨性能wear343 平均粒particle344 聚苯乙烯polystyrene345陶瓷基复合材料composites346 陶瓷材料ceramics 347 石墨化graphitization 348 摩擦材料friction349 熔化melting350 多层multilayer 351 及其性能properties 352 酚醛树脂resin353 电沉积electrodepositio n354 分散剂dispersant 355 相图phase356 复合材料界面i nterface 357 壳聚糖chitosan 358 抗氧化性能oxidation 359 钙钛矿perovskite 360 分层delamination 361 热循环thermal362 氢量hydrogen363 蒙脱石montmorillonit e364 接枝grafting365 导率conductivity 366 放氢hydrogen367 微粒particles368 伸长率elongation 369 延伸率elongation 370 烧结工艺sintering371 层合laminated 372 纳米级nanometer 373 莫来石mullite374 磁导率permeability 375 填料filler376 热电材料thermoelectric 377 射线衍射ray378 铸造法casting379 粒度分布size380 原子力afm381 共沉淀coprecipitation 382 水解hydrolysis 383 抗热thermal 384 高能球ball385 干摩擦friction386 聚合物基polymer387 疲劳裂纹fatigue388 分散性dispersion389 硅烷silane390 弛豫relaxation391 物理性能properties392 晶相phase393 饱和磁化强度m agnetization394 凝固过程solidification395 共聚物copolymer396 光致发光photoluminescence397 薄膜材料films398 导热系数conductivity399 居里curie400 第二相phase401 复合材料制备c omposites402 多孔材料porous403 水热法hydrothermal404 原子力显微镜a fm405 压电复合材料p iezoelectric406 尼龙6 nylon407 高能球磨milling408 显微硬度microhardness409 基片substrate410 纳米技术nanotechnology411 直径为diameter412 织构texture413 氮化nitride414 热性能properties415 磁致伸缩magnetostriction416 成核nucleation417 老化aging418 细化grain419 压电材料piezoelectric420 纳米晶amorphous421 si合金si422 复合镀层composite423 缠绕winding424 抗氧化oxidation425 表观apparent426 环氧复合材料e poxy427 甲基methyl428 聚乙烯polyethylene429 复合膜composite430 表面修饰surface431 大块非晶amorphous432 结构材料materials433 表面能surface434 材料表面surface435 疲劳性能fatigue436 粘弹性viscoelastic437 基体合金alloy438 单相phase439 梯度材料material440 六方hexagonal441 四方tetragonal442 蜂窝honeycomb443 阳极氧化anodic444 塑料plastics445 超塑性superplastic446 sem观察sem447 烧蚀ablation448 复合薄膜films449 树脂基resin450 高聚物polymer451 气相vapor452 电子能谱xps453 硅烷偶联coupling454 团聚particles455 基底substrate456 断口形貌fracture457 抗压强度strength458 储能storage459 松弛relaxation460 拉曼光谱raman461 孔率porosity 462 沸石zeolite463 熔炼melting464 磁体magnet465 sem分析sem466 润湿性wettability 467 电磁屏蔽shielding 468 升温heating469 致密dense470 沉淀法precipitation 471 差热分析dta472 成功制备prepared 473 复合体系composites 474 浸渍impregnation 475 力学行为behavior 476 复合粉体powders 477 沥青pitch478 磁电阻magnetoresista nce479 导电性能conductivity 480 光电子能谱xps481 材料力学mechanical 482 夹层sandwich 483 玻璃化glass484 衬底上substrates 485 原位复合材料c omposites 486 智能材料materials 487 碳化物carbide488 复相composite 489 氧化锆zirconia 490 基体材料matrix491 渗透infiltration 492 退火处理annealing 493 磨粒wear494 氧化行为oxidation 495 细小fine496 基合金alloy497 粒径分布size498 润滑lubrication 499 定向凝固solidification 500 晶格常数lattice501 晶粒度size502 颗粒表面surface503 吸收峰absorption504 磨损特性wear505 水热合成hydrothermal506 薄膜表面films507 性质研究properties508 试件specimen509 结晶度crystallinity510 聚四氟乙烯ptfe511 硅烷偶联剂silane512 碳化carbide513 试验机tester514 结合强度bonding515 薄膜结构films516 晶型crystal517 介电损耗dielectric518 复合涂层coating519 压电陶瓷piezoelectric520 磨损量wear521 组织与性能microstructure522 合成法synthesis523 烧结过程sintering524 金属材料materials525 引发剂initiator526 有机蒙脱土montmorillonite527 水热法制hydrothermal528 再结晶recrystallization529 沉积速率deposition530 非晶相amorphous531 尖端tip532 淬火quenching533 亚稳metastable534 穆斯mossbauer535 穆斯堡尔mossbauer536 偏析segregation537 种材料materials538 先驱precursor539 物性properties540 石墨化度graphitization541 中空hollow542 弥散particles543 淀粉starch544 水热法制备hydrothermal545 涂料coating546 复合粉末powder547 晶粒长大grain548 sem等sem549 复合材料组织m icrostructure550 界面结构interface551 煅烧calcined552 共混物blends553 结晶行为crystallization554 混杂复合材料h ybrid555 laves相laves556 摩擦因数friction557 钛基titanium558 磁性材料magnetic559 制备纳米nanometer560 界面上interface561 晶粒大小size562 阻尼材料damping563 热分析thermal564 复合材料层板l aminates565 二氧化钛titanium566 沉积法deposition567 光催化剂tio568 余辉afterglow569 断裂行为fracture570 颗粒大小size571 合金组织alloy572 非晶形成amorphous573 杨氏模量modulus574 前驱物precursor575 过冷alloy576 尖晶石spinel577 化学镀electroless578 溶胶凝胶法制备sol-gel579 本构方程constitutive 580 磁学magnetic581 气氛下atmosphere 582 钛合金titanium583 微粉powder584 压电性piezoelectric 585 sic晶须sic586 应力应变strain587 石英quartz588 热电性thermoelectric 589 相转变phase590 合成方法synthesis591 热学thermal592 气孔率porosity593 永磁magnetic594 流变性能rheological 595 压痕indentation 596 热压烧结sintering597 正硅酸乙酯teos598 点阵lattice599 梯度功能材料f gm600 带材tapes601 磨粒磨损wear602 碳含量carbon603 仿生biomimetic 604 快速凝固solidification 605 预制preform606 差示dsc607 发泡foaming608 疲劳损伤fatigue609 尺度size610 镍基高温合金s uperalloy611 透过率transmittance 612 溅射法制sputtering613 结构表征characterization 614 差示扫描dsc615 通过sem sem 616 水泥基cement617 木材wood618 tem分析tem619 量热calorimetry620 复合物composites621 铁电薄膜ferroelectric622 共混体系blends623 先驱体precursor624 晶态crystalline625 冲击性能impact626 离心centrifugal627 断裂伸长率elongation628 有机-无机organic-inorganic629 块状bulk630 相沉淀precipitation631 织物fabric632 因数coefficient633 合成与表征synthesis634 缺口notch635 靶材target636 弹性体elastomer637 金属氧化物oxide638 均匀化homogenization639 吸收光谱absorption640 磨损行为wear641 高岭土kaolin642 功能梯度材料f gm643 滞后hysteresis644 气凝胶aerogel645 记忆性memory646 磁流体magnetic647 铁磁ferromagnetic648 合金成分alloy649 微米micron650 蠕变性能creep651 聚氯乙烯pvc652 湮没annihilation653 断裂力学fracture654 滑移slip655 差示扫描量热d sc656 等温结晶crystallization657树脂基复合材料composite658 阳极anodic659 退火后annealing660 发光性properties661 木粉wood662 交联crosslinking663 过渡金属transition664 无定形amorphous665 拉伸试验tensile666 溅射法sputtering667 硅橡胶rubber668 明胶gelatin669 生物相容性biocompatibility670 界面处interface671 陶瓷复合材料c omposite672 共沉淀法制coprecipitation673 本构模型constitutive674 合金材料alloy675 磁矩magnetic676 隐身stealth677 比强度strength678 改性研究modification679 采用粉末powder680 晶粒细化grain681 抗磨wear682 元合金alloy683 剪切变形shear684 高温超导superconducting685 金红石型rutile686 晶化行为crystallization687 催化性能catalytic688 热挤压extrusion689 微观microstructure690 tem观察tem691 缺口冲击impact692 生物材料biomaterials 693 涂覆coating 694 纳米氧化nanometer695 x射线光电子能谱xps696 硅灰石wollastonite 697 摩擦条件friction698 衍射峰diffraction 699 块体材料bulk700 溶质solute701 冲击韧性impact702 锐钛矿型anatase703 凝固组织microstructure 704 磨损试验机tester705 丙烯酸甲酯pmma706 raman光谱raman707 减振damping708 聚酯polyester709 体材料materials710 航空aerospace 711 光吸收absorption 712 韧化toughening 713 疲劳裂纹扩展f atigue714 超塑superplastic 715 凝胶法制备gel716 半导体材料semiconductor 717 剪应力shear718 发光材料luminescence 719 凝胶法制gel720 甲基丙烯酸甲酯pmma721 硬质hard722 摩擦性能friction723 电致变色electrochromic 724 超细粉powder725 增强相reinforced 726 薄带ribbons727 结构弛豫relaxation 728 光学材料materials 729 sic陶瓷sic730 纤维含量fiber731 高阻尼damping732 镍基nickel733 热导thermal734 奥氏体austenite735 单轴uniaxial736 超导电性superconductivity737 高温氧化oxidation738 树脂基体matrix739 含能energetic740 粘着adhesion741 穆斯堡尔谱mossbauer 742 脱层delamination 743 反射率reflectivity 744 单晶高温合金s uperalloy 745 粘结bonded746 快淬quenching 747 熔融插层intercalation 748 外加applied749 钙钛矿结构perovskite 750 减摩friction751 复合氧化物oxide752 苯乙烯styrene753 合金表面alloy754 爆轰detonation 755 长余辉afterglow756 断裂过程fracture757 纺织textile材料的类型Types of materials, metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, elastomer部分材料性质复习Review of selected properties of materials,电导率和电阻率conductivity and resistivity,热导率thermal conductivity,应力和应变stress and strain,弹性应变elastic strain,塑性应变plastic strain,屈服强度yield strength,最大抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength,最大强度ultimate strength,延展性ductility,伸长率elongation,断面收缩率reduction of area,颈缩necking,断裂强度breaking strength,韧性toughness,硬度hardness,疲劳强度fatigue strength,蜂窝honeycomb,热脆性heat shortness,晶胞中的原子数atoms per cell,点阵lattice, 阵点lattice point,点阵参数lattice parameter,密排六方hexagonal close-packed, 六方晶胞hexagonal unit cell,体心立方body-centered cubic,面心立方face-centered cubic,弥勒指数Miller indices, 晶面crystal plane,晶系crystal system,晶向crystal direction,相变机理Phase transformationmechanism:成核生长相变nucleation–growthtransition,斯宾那多分解spinodaldecomposition,有序无序转变disordered-ordertransition,马氏体相变martensite phasetransformation，成核nucleation,成核机理nucleation mechanism,成核势垒nucleation barrier,晶核，结晶中心nucleus of crystal,金属组织的）基体quay,基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix,子晶，雏晶matted crystal,耔晶，晶种seed crystal,耔晶取向seed orientation,籽晶生长seeded growth,均质核化homogeneous nucleation,异质核化heterogeneous nucleation,均匀化热处理homogenization heattreatment,熟料grog,自恰场self-consistent field固溶体Solid solution:有序固溶体ordered solid solution,无序固溶体disordered solidsolution,有序合金ordered alloy,无序合金disordered alloy.无序点阵disordered lattice,分散，扩散，弥散dispersal,分散剂dispersant,分散剂，添加剂dispersant additive,分散剂，弥散剂dispersant agent缺陷defect, imperfection,点缺陷point defect,线缺陷line defect, dislocation,面缺陷interface defect, surfacedefect,体缺陷volume defect,位错排列dislocation arrangement,位错阵列dislocation array,位错气团dislocation atmosphere,位错轴dislocation axis,位错胞dislocation cell,位错爬移dislocation climb,位错滑移dislocation slip, dislocationmovement by slip,位错聚结dislocation coalescence,位错核心能量dislocation coreenergy,位错裂纹dislocation crack,位错阻尼dislocation damping,位错密度dislocation density,体积膨胀volume dilation,体积收缩volume shrinkage,回火tempering,退火annealing,退火的，软化的softened,软化退火，软化（处理）softening,淬火quenching,淬火硬化quenching hardening,正火normalizing, normalization,退火织构annealing texture,人工时效artificial aging,细长比aspect ratio,形变热处理ausforming,等温退火austempering,奥氏体austenite,奥氏体化austenitizing,贝氏体bainite,马氏体martensite,马氏体淬火marquench,马氏体退火martemper,马氏体时效钢maraging steel,渗碳体cementite,固溶强化solid solutionstrengthening,钢屑混凝土steel chips concrete,水玻璃，硅酸钠sodium silicate,水玻璃粘结剂sodium silicate binder,硅酸钠类防水剂sodium silicatewaterproofing agent,扩散diffusion,扩散系数diffusivity,相变phase transition,烧结sintering,固相反应solid-phase reaction,相图与相结构phase diagrams and phase structures ,相phase,组分component,自由度freedom,相平衡phase equilibrium,吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule,吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy,吉布斯混合能Gibbs energy of mixing,吉布斯熵Gibbs entropy,吉布斯函数Gibbs function,相平衡phase balance,相界phase boundary,相界线phase boundary line,相界交联phase boundary crosslinking,相界有限交联phase boundary crosslinking,相界反应phase boundary reaction, 相变phase change,相组成phase composition,共格相phase-coherent,金相相组织phase constentuent,相衬phase contrast,相衬显微镜phase contrast microscope,相衬显微术phase contrast microscopy,相分布phase distribution,相平衡常数phase equilibrium constant,相平衡图phase equilibrium diagram, 相变滞后phase transition lag, Al-Si-O-N系统相关系phase relationships in the Al-Si-O-N system,相分离phase segregation, phase separation,玻璃分相phase separation in glasses, 相序phase order, phase sequence,相稳定性phase stability,相态phase state,相稳定区phase stabile range,相变温度phase transition temperature,相变压力phase transition pressure, 同质多晶转变polymorphic transformation,相平衡条件phase equilibrium conditions,显微结构microstructures,不混溶固溶体immiscible solid solution,转熔型固溶体peritectic solid solution,低共熔体eutectoid，crystallization, 不混溶性immiscibility,固态反应solid state reaction,。
冶金专业英语词汇
muffle 马弗炉
roof, arch 炉顶
forge 锻造
press 压锻
pile hammer 打桩锤
drop hammer 落锤
die 拉模
blowlamp 吹炬（美作：blowtorch）
crusher 破碎机
converter 转炉
hoist 卷扬机
compressor 压缩机
tilting mixer 可倾式混铁炉
regenerator 蓄热室
heat exchanger 热交换器
gas purifier 煤气净化器
turbocompressor 涡轮压缩机
semifinished product 半成品，中间产品
ferrous products 铁制品
coiled sheet 带状薄板
bloom 初轧方坯
metal strip, metal band 铁带，钢带
billet 坯锭，钢坯
shavings 剃边
profiled bar 异型钢材
wiredrawing 拉丝
stamping, pressing 冲压
die casting 拉模铸造
forging 锻造
turning 车削
milling 铣削
machining, tooling 加工
autogenous welding, fusion welding 氧炔焊
arc welding 电弧焊
electrolysis 电解
trimming 清理焊缝
blowhole 气孔
preheating 预热
冶金工程专业外语句子翻译(终结版)
2 lower down the stack towardsthe hearth direct reduction between the coke and the metal oxide increases 。the co/co2 ratio is used as a major control parameter in blast furnace smelting of metal oxides.the combustion of the coke also provides the necessary heat, while ther high strength of coke at temperatures up to 2000 allow full support of the charge in the stack of the blast furnace.
除非廉价水力发电是可用的或金属有高度活性,如铝、电冶金是一个昂贵的工艺路线但它通常提供的金属有一个极其高的纯度，高于99.9 %。电解精炼常被用作最后的精炼过程在火法冶金后提取。
Hydrometallurgy tends to be slower than pyrometallurgical extraction process and reagent costs tend to be high but it is ideal for extracting metals from lean ores. 湿法冶金往往低于火法冶金提取过程，试剂成本往往较高,但它是一个从贫矿中提取金属的理想过程。
各专业英文翻译
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medicine (in cludi ng Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory,Gastroe nterology, En docri no logy and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, In fectious Diseases)儿科学Pediatrics老年医学Geriatrics 神经病学Neurology精神病与精神卫生学Psychiatry and Men tal Health皮肤病与性病学Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学Nurs ing外科学(含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学) Surgery (Gen eral Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, CardiothoracicSurgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学Obstetrics and Gyn ecology眼科学Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学Otolaryngology肿瘤学On cology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine麻醉学Anesthesiology急诊医学Emerge ncy Medic ine口腔医学Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Scienee of Stomatology口腔临床医学Clinical Scienee of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preve ntive Medic ine 流行病与卫生统计学Epidemiology and Health Statistics 劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupati onal and En vir onmen tal Health 营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food 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冶金词汇英语翻译utilization factor 燃料利用系数fugacity 逸散能fugitiveness 逸散能full aging 完全时效full fusion thermit welding 熔化铝热焊full hardening 穿透硬化full length bore 穿孔full pattern 整体铸型full penetration 全熔透fuller's earth 漂白土fullering 压槽锤击fulminating gold 雷酸金fulminating mercury 雷汞fulminating platinum 雷酸铂fulminating silver 雷酸银fume 烟fuming furnace 烟化炉fuming process 烟化法function 函数funnel 漏斗;浇口杯furnace 炉furnace aisle 炉子跨furnace atmosphere 炉气氛furnace bay 炉子跨furnace black 炉黑furnace body 炉体furnace bottom 炉底furnace brazing 炉内钎焊furnace burdening 配炉料furnace campaign 炉子寿命furnace capacity 炉子容量furnace charge 炉料furnace coiler 炉用卷取机furnace coke 高炉焦炭furnace cooling 炉冷furnace end 炉头furnace gas 炉气furnace grate 炉篦furnace life 炉龄furnace lines 炉子内型furnace lining 炉衬furnace platform 炉台furnace roof 炉顶拱furnace run 冶炼进程furnace scale 炉内氧化皮furnace shaft 炉身furnace stack 炉身furnace top 炉顶furnace top platform 炉顶平台furnace transformer 电炉变压器fused cast basic brick 熔铸碱性砖fused electrolyte 熔融电解质fused flux 熔融态熔剂fused refractory 熔融耐火材料fused salt 熔融盐fused salt electrolysis 熔盐电解fusibility 可熔性fusible alloy 易熔合金fusible cone 测温锥fusing agent 熔剂fusion 熔化fusion cast brick 熔铸碱性砖fusion curve 熔化曲线fusion cutting 熔切fusion heat 熔化热fusion line 熔合线fusion penetration 焊透;焊透深度fusion point 熔点fusion temperature 熔化温度fusion thermit welding 铝热熔焊fusion welding 熔焊fusion zone 熔化带gadolinite 硅铍钇矿钕gadolinium 钆gage 尺度;计gage pressure 计示压力gage reduction 厚度压减gage rod 探尺gagging 矫正gahnite 锌尖晶石galactite 乳石galena 方铅矿galenite 方铅矿galling 磨损gallium 镓gallon 加仑galvanic coating 电镀galvanic corrosion 电化腐蚀galvanization 电镀galvanized prestressed steel 预应力镀锌钢galvanized sheet 镀锌薄板galvanized tube 镀锌管galvanized wire 镀锌丝galvanizing 镀锌galvanizing line 镀锌线galvanizing pot 镀锌槽galvanoplastics 电铸galvanoplasty 电铸galvanostegy 电镀gamma iron 铁gamma ray test 射线探伤gamma rays 射线gamma solid solution 固溶体gamma thickness gage 射线测厚仪gangue 脉石ganister 致密硅石gantry crane 龙门式起重机gap adjustment 轧辊间隙蝶garnierite 硅镁镍矿garret reel 加勒特式线材卷取机gas 气体gas absorption 气体吸收gas analyser 气体分析器gas analysis 气体分析gas analysis apparatus 气体分析装置gas atmosphere 气氛gas atomization 气体雾化gas black 气黑gas blower 煤气鼓风机gas boriding 气体渗硼gas brazing 焰炬加热断焊gas bubble 气泡gas burner 煤气燃烧器gas calorimeter 煤气量热器gas carbonitriding 气体碳氮共渗gas carburizing 气体渗碳gas cavity 气孔gas chromatographic analysis 气相色谱分析gas chromatography 气体色谱法gas cleaner 净气器gas cleaning 煤气净化gas coal 气煤gas coke 气化焦炭gas compressor 煤气压缩机gas conduit 煤气导管gas constant 气体常数gas cooler 气体冷却器gas corrosion 气体腐蚀gas curtain 气体帘幕gas cutter 气割器gas cutting 氧气切断gas cutting machine 火焰切割机gas cylinder 气瓶gas distribution 气体分布gas down take 煤气降下管gas dynamics 气体动力学gas environment 气氛gas evolution 气体析出gas expelling 脱气gas fired furnace 煤气燃烧炉gas flue 煤气通道gas furnace 煤气炉gas gate valve 煤气闸阀gas generator 煤气发生炉gas gouging 火焰刨槽gas heating 煤气加热gas impermeability 不透气性gas injection 吹气gas line 煤气管线gas line pipe 煤气管线用管gas mixture 气体混合物gas nitriding 气体氮化gas nitrocarburizing 气体共渗氮碳gas permeability 透气性gas pickling 气体浸蚀gas pipe 气管gas pocket 气阱gas porosity 气孔性gas port 煤气喷口gas pressure 煤气压力gas pressure welding 气体压力焊接gas producer 煤气发生炉gas purification 煤气净化gas purifier 净气器gas quenching 气体零火gas reforming 煤气变换gas release 气体放出gas removal 脱气gas scrubbing 煤气洗涤gas seal 气封gas separation 气体分离gas separator 气体分离器gas shielded arc welding 气体保护弧焊gas siliconizing 气体渗硅gas stirring 气体搅拌gas supply 煤气供应gas thermometer 气体温度计gas up take 煤气上升管gas valve 煤气阀gas washer 洗气器gas washing 煤气洗涤gas welder 气焊工gas welding 气焊gas welding equipm ent 气焊装置gaseous carburization 气体渗碳gaseous corrosion 气体腐蚀gaseous fuel 气体燃料gaseous phase 气相gasholder 储煤气柜gasification 气化gasket 密封垫gasket cement 填密料gassing 放气gate 闭锁器gate stick 浇口棒gated pattern 带浇口的铸模gathering table 收集辊道gating system 浇铸系统gauss 高斯gear 齿轮gear box 齿轮箱gear case 齿轮箱gear drive 齿轮传动gel 凝胶gelatin 煤general corrosion 全面腐蚀general waviness 总波纹generator 发电机generator furnace 煤气发生炉generator gas 发生炉煤气gentleman 软焊料用旋转机germ 核german silver 锌白铜germanite 锗石germanium 锗gersdorffite 辉砷镍矿getter 吸气剂ghost lines 鬼线gibbs free energy 自由焓gibbs thermodynamic potential 等压等温位gibbsite 水铝矿gilding 镀金gilsonite 硬沥青gilt 镀金girder 梁girder mill 钢梁轧机girth welding 环缝焊接glance coal 亮煤glass extrusion 玻璃润滑热挤压glass wool 玻璃棉glassy feldspar 透长石glauber's salt 芒硝glauberite 钙芒硝glaucodot 铁硫砷钴矿glauconite 海绿石glazed pig 高硅生铁glazing 抛光glazy pig 高硅生铁glide 滑移glide dislocation 滑移位错glide plane 滑移面glissile dislocation 滑动位错globular cementite 粒状渗碳体globular inclusion 球状夹杂物globular perlite 球状珠光体globular structure 球状结构globule 小球;珠滴globulites 球雏晶globurizing 球状化glow discharge 辉光放电glow discharge boriding 辉光放电渗硼glow discharge carbonitriding 辉光放电碳氮化glow discharge nitriding 辉光放电氮化glut weld v 形焊缝gneiss 片麻岩goethite 针铁矿gold 金gold amalgam 金汞膏gold beating 金箔制造gold bronze 金青铜gold bullion 金块gold chloride 氯化金gold cyanide 氰化金gold dust 金粉gold foil 金箔gold leaf 金箔gold ore 金矿石gold plating 镀金gold point 金点gold telluride 二碲化金goldschmidt's process 高氏铝热还原法goldsmithing 金饰工术goniometer 测角仪gooseneck 鹅颈管goslarite 皓矾goss texture 高斯织构gothic groove 弧边菱形孔型gothic pass 弧边菱形孔型gouging 开槽governor valve 第阀grab crane 抓斗起重机grade of steel 钢种gradient 梯度grading 分级grading analysis 粒度分析graduation 刻度grain 粒grain boundary 晶界grain boundary attack 晶界腐蚀grain boundary corrosion 晶界腐蚀grain boundary diffusion 晶界扩散grain boundary dislocation 晶界位错grain boundary migration 晶界移动grain boundary porosity 晶界气孔grain boundary precipitates 晶界沉淀物grain boundary segregation 晶界偏析grain boundary slip 晶界滑动grain composition 粒度组成grain fineness 细晶粒度grain growth 晶粒长大grain growth annealing 晶粒长大退火grain orientation 晶粒取向grain refining 细晶化grain segregation 晶内偏析grain size 粒度grain size analysis 粒度分析grain size number 粒度号数grain structure 晶粒结构graining 粒化granular cementite 粒状渗碳体granular powder 粒状粉granular structure 粒状组织granularity 粒度granulated copper 粒状铜granulated iron 粒化生铁granulated metal 粒状金属granulated powder 粒状粉granulated slag 水碎炉渣granulating 成粒granulating basin 水渣池granulating machine 制粒机granulating pit 水渣池granulation 成粒granule 细粒granulometric composition 粒度组成granulometric curve 粒度曲线graph 曲线图graphite 黑铅状碳素graphite brick 石墨砖graphite bronze 石墨青铜graphite carbon 石墨碳graphite crucible 石墨坩埚graphite electrode 石墨电极graphite eutectic 石墨共晶graphite metal 铅基轴承合金graphitic carbon 黑铅状碳素graphitic cast iron 灰铸铁graphitic corrosion 石墨腐蚀graphitic embrittlement 石墨脆性graphitic nitralloy 石墨氮化graphitic pig iron 灰口铁graphitic steel 石墨钢graphitizable steel 可石墨化钢graphitization 石墨化graphitizator 石墨化剂graphitized steel 石墨钢graphitizer 石墨化剂graphitizing 石墨化graphitizing annealing 石墨化退火grate 格子grate bar 炉篚grate stoker 链笥煤机grate surface 炉箧grating 炉篦gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetric method 重量法gravity casting 重力浇注gravity concentration 重力选矿gravity segregation 重力偏析gravity separation 重力选矿gray body 灰体gray forge pig 可锻灰生铁gray iron 灰铸铁;灰生铁gray slag 灰色矿渣gray tin 灰锡grease marks 油痕green anode 生阳极green brick 不烧砖green compact 生坯压坯green core 湿砂型芯green density 生跑度green gold 绿金green molding 湿砂造型green pellets 生球团green permeability 生砂通气度green sand 湿型砂green sand mold 湿砂型green sludge 绿色淤渣green strength 生趴度green vitriol 绿矾green volume 生佩积greenawalt pan 格林纳瓦尔特盘式烧结机greenockite 硫镉矿grena 原矿grid method 网络法griffith's crack 格里菲思脆性裂纹grindability 粉碎能力grinder 磨床grinding 粉碎grinding machine 磨床grinding paste 研磨膏grinding wheel 研磨砂轮gripper 夹钳gripping 咬入gripping angle 咬入角grit 碎石grit blasting 喷丸清理grizzly 栅筛grog 熟料groove 凹槽;孔型groove angle 坡口角度groove cutting 切槽groove face 坡口面groove rolling 孔型轧制grooved roll 有槽轧辊grooving 孔型设计gross calorific value 总热值gross heating value 总热值group drive 集体传动group teeming car 成盘浇注车growth front 生长阵面guard 导板guard plate 保护板guard valve 安全阀guide 导向装置guide bar 导杆guide box 导板箱guide fittings 轧辊导卫装置guide marks 导卫划痕guide mill 带围板的轧机guide pin 导销guide pulley 导轮guide roll 导辊guide scratch 导卫划痕guillotine shears 铡刀式剪切机guinier preston zone 纪尼埃普雷斯顿区gummite 脂铅铀矿gun 焊枪gun bronze 炮铜gun iron 钢性铸铁gun metal 炮铜gunning mix 喷补混合物gutter 鳞gypsum 石膏gypsum molding 石膏造型gypsum pattern 石膏模型gyratory breaker 旋回破碎机gyratory crusher 旋回破碎机锻造用钢forging stock 锻坯forging tool 锻造用工具fork truck 叉式自动装卸车form drawing 成形拉伸form factor 形状系数form of groove 孔型外形formability 可成形性formed coke 型焦formed section 冷弯型钢former pass 预轧孔型forming 成形forming mill 成形机forming roll 成形辊forming stand 成形机座forsterite 镁橄榄石forsterite refractory 镁橄榄石耐火材料forvacuum 预抽真空forward extrusion 正挤压forward pull 前张力forward slip 前滑forward slip zone 前滑区forward welding 左向焊fosse 铸坑fossil fuel 化石燃料foucault currents 涡流foul electrolyte 废电解液founding 铸造;熔解foundry alloy 中间合金foundry blacking 铸模涂料foundry coke 铸造焦炭foundry iron 铸造用生铁foundry ladle 浇桶foundry pattern 铸造模型foundry pit 铸坑foundry sand 型砂foundry scrap 铸造废钢foundry stove 铸型干燥炉four component alloy 四元合金four component system 四元系four high cold mill 四辊式冷轧机four high finishing stand 四辊精轧机座four high hot mill 四辊式热轧机four high mill 四辊式轧机four high stand 四辊式机座four part alloy 四元合金four plate mold 组合式结晶器four roll pass 四辊孔型four stand mill 四机架轧机fraction 部分fractional column 分馏塔fractional condensation 分级凝缩fractional crystallization 分步结晶fractional dissolution 分步熔解fractional distillation 分级蒸馏fractional extraction 分步萃取fractional precipitation 分级沉淀fractional sublimation 分级升华fractionating column 分馏塔fractionation 分级fractography 断口金相学fracture 断口fracture criterion 断裂指标fracture load 破坏载荷fracture mechanics 断裂力学fracture mechanism 断裂机理fracture nucleation 断裂成核fracture speed 裂纹扩展速度fracture stress 破裂应力fracture test 断口试验fracture toughness 破裂韧性fragility 脆性fragment 碎片fragmentation of grains 细晶化fragmented powder 碎片状粉fragmentized scrap 碎裂废金属frame filter press 框式压滤机francium 钫frank dislocation 弗兰克位错frank read source 弗兰克瑞德源fraze 毛边freckle type segregation 斑点状偏析free carbon 游离碳free cementite 自由渗碳体free convection 自然对流free cutting alloy 易切舷金free cutting brass 易掀铜free cutting property 易切显能free cutting steel 易切钢free cyanide 游离氰化物free energy 自由能free energy of mixing 混合自由能free enthalpy 自由焓free ferrite 自由铁素体free forging 自由锻造free gold 自然金free moisture 游离水分free settling 自由沉降free spread 自由宽展freeze drying 冷冻干燥freezing 冻结freieslebenite 柱硫锑铅银矿frenkel defect 夫伦克耳缺陷frenkel vacancy 夫伦克耳空位frequency 频率frequency curve 频率曲线frequency polygon 频度多边形fretting corrosion 摩擦腐蚀friction 摩擦friction angle 摩擦角friction coefficient 摩擦系数friction drive 摩擦传动friction factor 摩擦系数friction heat 摩擦热friction losses 摩损friction press 摩擦压机friction resistance 摩擦阻力friction saw 摩擦锯friction sawing 摩擦锯切断friction surface 摩擦面friction transmission 摩擦传动friction welding 摩擦焊接frictional force 摩擦力frictional wear 摩擦磨损frictional work 摩擦功fritted hearth 烧结炉床fritting 烧结front mill table 输入辊道front pull 前张力front side 进料侧front wall 前墙frosting 磨砂froth 泡沫froth flotation 泡沫浮选frother 起泡剂frothing 起泡frothing agent 起泡剂fuel 燃料fuel burner 燃料燃烧器fuel cell 燃料电池fuel gas 燃气fuel oil 燃料油fuel oil injection 燃油喷吹fuel rate 燃料比fuel rod 燃料棒fuelflatness 平直度flats 扁钢flattener 矫直机flattening 矫平flattening test 压扁试验flatting mill 轧扁机flaw 缺陷flaw detection 探伤flaw detector 探伤器flaw echo 缺陷的回波信号flection 弯曲flexibility 挠性flexible coupling 弹性联轴节flexible dummy bar 可挠引锭杆flexural rigidity 抗挠刚度flexural strain 挠曲应变flexural strength 挠曲强度flexural stress 挠曲应力flexure 挠曲floating die 浮沉模floating hot top 浮游式保温帽floating mandrel 游动芯棒floating plug 浮动塞棒floating plug drawing 游动顶头拔制floating zone melting 悬浮区域熔炼flocculant 凝聚剂flocculation 凝聚flocculation agent 凝聚剂flood basin 浇口杯floor 平台floor mold 地坑铸型floss hole 烟道清灰口flotation 浮选flotation agent 浮选剂flotation cell 浮选槽flotation concentrate 浮选精矿flotation machine 浮选机flotation process 浮选法flotation pulp 浮选矿桨flotation tailings 浮选尾矿flow chart 撂图flow lines 吕德斯线flow structure 塑变组织flow welding 浇焊flowability 怜性fluctuation 波动flue 烟道flue dust 炉顶灰flue gas 烟气flue gas path 烟道fluid bed 怜床fluid bed smelting 怜床溶炼fluid extrusion 静液力挤压fluid film lubrication 液模润滑fluid friction 铃摩擦fluidity 怜性fluidity spiral 旋涡怜试样fluidity test piece 旋涡怜试样fluidization 连化fluidized bed patenting 怜体淬火fluidized bed process 怜床法fluidized bed reduction 连化床还原fluidized bed roaster 连化床焙烧炉fluidized bed roasting 怜床焙烧fluorescent flaw detection 荧光探伤fluorescent penetrant inspection 荧光渗透检验fluorescent x ray spectroscopy x 射线荧光光谱分析fluorhydric acid 氟酸fluoride 氟化物fluorination 氟化fluorine 氟fluorite 萤石fluorspar 萤石fluosolid roaster 连化床焙烧炉fluosolid roasting 怜床焙烧flush off 排渣flush weld 辖补强焊缝flushing 出渣fluted sheet 波纹钢板fluted tube 沟槽管fluting 开槽flux 熔剂flux backing 焊药垫flux cored electrode 含熔剂芯焊条flux cored wire 含熔剂芯焊条flux cutting 氧熔剂切割flux density 磁通量密度flux oxygen cutting 氧熔剂切割fluxed briquette 自熔性团块fluxed charge 助熔炉料fluxed pellets 自熔性球团fluxible anode 助熔性阳极fluxing agent 熔剂fluxmeter 磁通计fly ash 飘尘flying saw 飞锯flying shears 飞剪flyspun electrode 绕丝焊条flywheel 飞轮foam 泡沫foam flotation 泡沫浮选foamed slag 泡沫渣foamer 起泡剂foaming 起泡foaming agent 起泡剂foamy slag 泡沫渣focused collision 聚焦碰撞focuson 聚焦碰撞fog quenching 喷雾淬火foil 箔foil metal 金属箔foil rolling mill 箔材轧机fold 压折follower plate 挤压垫forced aerated cooling bed 强制通风冷却床forced circulation 强制循环forced convection 强制对流forced cooling 强制冷却forced draught 强制通风fore pump 预真空泵forehand welding 左向焊forehearth 前炉foreign atom 杂质原子foreign nucleus 外来核foreplate 导卫板forest of dislocations 位错林forge 锻造车间forge furnace 锻造炉forge hammer 锻锤forge hearth 锻工炉forge iron 搅炼生铁forge pig 搅炼生铁forge rolling machine 轧锻机forge scale 锻造氧化皮forge welding 锻焊forgeability 可锻性forged roll 锻造辊forged steel 锻钢forging 锻造;锻件forging brass 可锻黄铜forging die 锻模forging furnace 锻造炉forging hammer 锻锤forging ingot 锻造用钢锭forging machine 锻造机forging manipulator 锻造操纵机forging press 锻压机forging property 可锻性forging ratio 锻造比forging rolls 轧锻机forging steel。