2.题组训练二
题组训练二
题组训练（二）：1、下面句子没有语病的一项是（）（梅州）A．袁隆平为研究杂交水稻技术而不畏艰险、执着追求的精神和品质是值得我们学习的榜样。
B．只要人人都能时时处处传递“正能量”，世界就会变成美好的人间。
C．这场足球赛的胜败取决于队员们的齐心协力。
D．小明同学到现在还没来参加比赛，带队老师断定他大概放弃了。
2、下列各句中有语病的一项是（）（临沂）A．在2012年《星光大道》年度冠军总决赛上，临沂市苍山县的“草帽姐”徐桂花取得了第五名的好成绩。
B．四川雅安人民抗震救灾、重建家园的事实告诉我们：只要心中有坚定的信念，就能战胜和面对任何困难。
C．中央电视台开展的“最美乡村医生”、“最美乡村教师”、“感动中国人物”评选活动，弘扬了社会正气，倡导了社会新风。
D．2013年5月27日，受狂风暴雨及大浪影响，青岛栈桥东侧部分30多米长的桥体出现坍塌。
3、选出下列句子中没有语病的一项。
（）（浙江丽水）A．莫言获得诺贝尔文学奖之后，又默默地写了一本大约16万字左右的书。
B．第27届浙江省青少年科技创新大赛注重培养青少年科学探究和创新实践。
C．贝克汉姆在巴黎圣日耳曼队夺冠后宣布即将退役，停止20年的辉煌职业生涯。
D．如今，年轻人喜欢上网购物，一些老年人也加入到“淘宝一族”的行列。
4、下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（）（扬州）A．又到酷暑时节，学校再次发出不要到陌生水域游泳，更不要独自一人去游泳。
B．好读书，读好书，形成了习惯，你就可以与智慧结伴同行，与高尚朝夕相处。
C．一个人能否约束自己的言行，不但要靠严明的纪律，还要靠自身的品德修养。
D．即使每天锻炼一小时，健康快乐才能伴你一辈子，因为好体魄是成功的前提。
5、下列句子没有语病的一项是（）（兰州）A．在如何提高课堂效率的问题上，老师听取了广泛同学们的意见。
B．专家表示，通过开通快速公交，使主城区交通拥堵问题得到解决。
C．为了防止H7N9疫情不再大规模扩散，各级政府都及时采取了措施。
题组训练二 苏教版六上数学
1题组训练（分数）二一、贝贝看一本450页的故事书，她第一天看了152，第二天看了301。
1．还剩多少页没有看？总页数×152＝第一天看的页数总页数×301＝第二天看的页数第一天看的页数＋第二天看的页数＝已看页数总页数－已看页数＝剩下页数① 第一天看的页数：450×152＝60（页）② 第二天看的页数：450×301＝15（页）③ 已看页数：60＋15＝75（页） ④ 剩下没看页数： 450－75＝375（页） 答：还剩375页没有看。
2．两天中哪一天看的多？多多少页？总页数×（152－301）＝多的页数① 哪天看的多？ 152＞301第一天看的多 ② 多的页数：450×（152－301）＝450×101＝45（页）答：第一天看的多，多45页。
3．贝贝第三天应从哪一页开始看？已看页数＋1＝第三天开始看的页数 75＋1＝76（页）答：贝贝第三天应从第76页开始看。
4．贝贝已经看了几分之几？ 第一天看的几分之几＋第二天看的几分之几＝已看总页数的几分之几152＋301＝304＋301＝305＝61 答：贝贝已经看了总页数的61。
5．还剩下几分之几没有看？ 1－第一天看总页数的几分之几－第二天看总页数的几分之几＝剩下总页数的几分之几1－152－301＝3030－304－301 ＝3025＝65答：还剩下总页数的65没有看。
6．第一天比第二天多看了总页数的几分之几？第一天看的几分之几－第二天看的几分之几＝多看了总页数的几分之几152－301＝304－301＝303＝101 答：贝贝第一天比第二天多看了总页数的101。
7．第二天比第一天少看了几分之几？少看了总页数的几分之几÷第一天看了总页数的几分之几＝第二天比第一天少看了第一天的几分之几（152－301）÷152＝303÷152＝43 答：贝贝第二天比第一天少看了43。
《高考调研》大一轮复习(新课标,数学理)题组训练第二章函数与基本初等函数题组4 Word版含解析
题组层级快练(四)1．下列表格中的x与y能构成函数的是()A.B.C.D.答案 C解析A中0既是非负数又是非正数；B中0又是偶数；D中自然数也是整数，也是有理数．2．下列图像中不能作为函数图像的是()答案 B解析B项中的图像与垂直于x轴的直线可能有两个交点，显然不满足函数的定义．故选B.3．已知f(x 5)＝lgx ，则f(2)等于( ) A ．lg2 B ．lg32 C ．lg 132D.15lg2 答案 D解析 令x 5＝t ，则x ＝t 15(t>0)， ∴f(t)＝lgt 15＝15lgt.∴f(2)＝15lg2，故选D.4．(2016·江南十校联考)设函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－x ，x ≤0，x 2，x>0.若f(a)＝4，则实数a ＝( )A ．－4或－2B ．－4或2C ．－2或4D ．－2或2 答案 B解析 当a>0时，有a 2＝4，∴a ＝2；当a ≤0时，有－a ＝4，∴a ＝－4，因此a ＝－4或a ＝2.5．设f ，g 都是由A 到A 的映射，其对应法则如下表(从上到下)： 表1 映射f 的对应法则表2 映射g 的对应法则则与f[g(1)]相同的是( ) A ．g[f(1)] B ．g[f(2)] C ．g[f(3)] D ．g[f(4)]答案 A解析 f[g(1)]＝f(4)＝1，g[f(1)]＝g(3)＝1.故选A.6．若二次函数g(x)满足g(1)＝1，g(－1)＝5，且图像过原点，则g(x)的解析式为( ) A ．g(x)＝2x 2－3x B ．g(x)＝3x 2－2x C ．g(x)＝3x 2＋2x D ．g(x)＝－3x 2－2x答案 B解析 用待定系数法，设g(x)＝ax 2＋bx ＋c(a ≠0)， ∵g(1)＝1，g(－1)＝5，且图像过原点，∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＋b ＋c ＝1，a －b ＋c ＝5，c ＝0，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＝3b ＝－2，c ＝0，∴g(x)＝3x 2－2x ，选B. 7．(2016·山东临沂一中月考)如图所示是张校长晨练时所走的离家距离(y)与行走时间(x)之间的函数关系的图像．若用黑点表示张校长家的位置，则张校长散步行走的路线可能是( )答案 D解析 由y 与x 的关系知，在中间时间段y 值不变，只有D 符合题意．8．已知A ＝{x|x ＝n 2，n ∈N }，给出下列关系式：①f(x)＝x ；②f(x)＝x 2；③f(x)＝x 3；④f(x)＝x 4；⑤f(x)＝x 2＋1，其中能够表示函数f ：A →A 的个数是( ) A ．2 B ．3 C ．4 D ．5答案 C解析 对⑤，当x ＝1时，x 2＋1∉A ，故⑤错误，由函数定义可知①②③④均正确． 9．(2014·江西理)已知函数f(x)＝5|x|，g(x)＝ax 2－x(a ∈R )．若f[g(1)]＝1，则a ＝( ) A ．1 B ．2 C ．3 D ．－1答案 A解析 由已知条件可知：f[g(1)]＝f(a －1)＝5|a －1|＝1，∴|a －1|＝0，得a ＝1.故选A. 10．已知f ：x →2sinx 是集合A(A ⊆[0，2π])到集合B 的一个映射，若B ＝{0，1，2}，则A 中的元素个数最多为( ) A ．6 B ．5 C ．4 D ．3答案 A解析 ∵A ⊆[0，2π]，由2sinx ＝0，得x ＝0，π，2π；由2sinx ＝1，得x ＝π6，5π6；由2sinx＝2，得x ＝π2.故A 中最多有6个元素．故选A.11．已知f(x －1x )＝x 2＋1x 2，则f(3)＝______．答案 11解析 ∵f(x －1x )＝(x －1x )2＋2，∴f(x)＝x 2＋2(x ∈R )，∴f(3)＝32＋2＝11. 12．已知x ∈N *，f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2－35，x ≥3，f （x ＋2），x<3，其值域设为D.给出下列数值：－26，－1，9，14，27，65，则其中属于集合D 的元素是________．(写出所有可能的数值) 答案 －26，14，65解析 注意函数的定义域是N *，由分段函数解析式可知，所有自变量的函数值最终都是转化为大于等于3的对应自变量函数值计算的f(3)＝9－35＝－26，f(4)＝16－35＝－19，f(5)＝25－35＝－10，f(6)＝36－35＝1，f(7)＝49－35＝14，f(8)＝64－35＝29，f(9)＝81－35＝46，f(10)＝100－35＝65.故正确答案应填－26，14，65. 13．已知f(1－cosx)＝sin 2x ，则f(x)＝________． 答案 －x 2＋2x(0≤x ≤2)解析 令1－cosx ＝t(0≤t ≤2)，则cosx ＝1－t. ∴f(1－cosx)＝f(t)＝sin 2x ＝1－cos 2x ＝1－(1－t)2＝－t 2＋2t. 故f(x)＝－x 2＋2x(0≤x ≤2)．14．(2016·沧州七校联考)已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧（12）x －2，x ≤0，f （x －2）＋1，x ＞0，则f(2 016)＝________．答案 1 007解析 根据题意：f(2 016)＝f(2 014)＋1＝f(2 012)＋2＝…＝f(2)＋1 007＝f(0)＋1 008＝1 007. 15．(2016·衡水调研卷)具有性质：f(1x )＝－f(x)的函数，我们称为满足“倒负”变换的函数，下列函数：①y ＝x －1x ；②y ＝x ＋1x ；③y ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ，0<x<1，0，x ＝1，－1x ，x>1.其中满足“倒负”变换的函数是________．答案 ①③解析 对于①，f(x)＝x －1x ，f(1x )＝1x －x ＝－f(x)，满足；对于②，f(1x )＝1x＋x ＝f(x)，不满足；对于③，f(1x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1x ，0<1x<1，0，1x ＝1，－x ，1x >1，即f(1x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1x ，x>1，0，x ＝1，－x ，0<x<1.故f(1x)＝－f(x)，满足．综上可知，满足“倒负”变换的函数是①③.16．(2015·浙江理)已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＋2x －3，x ≥1，lg （x 2＋1），x<1，则f(f(－3))＝________，f(x)的最小值是________． 答案 0 22－3解析 ∵－3<1，∴f(－3)＝lg[(－3)2＋1]＝lg10＝1， ∴f(f(－3))＝f(1)＝1＋21－3＝0.当x ≥1时，f(x)＝x ＋2x －3≥22－3(当且仅当x ＝2时，取“＝”)；当x<1时，x 2＋1≥1，∴f(x)＝lg(x 2＋1)≥0.又∵22－3<0，∴f(x)min ＝22－3.17．一个圆柱形容器的底面直径为d cm ，高度为h cm ，现以S cm 3/s 的速度向容器内注入某种溶液，求容器内溶液高度y(cm)与注入时间t(s)的函数关系式及定义域． 答案 y ＝4Sπd2·t ， [0，πhd 24S ]解析 依题意，容器内溶液每秒升高4Sπd 2 cm.于是y ＝4Sπd2·t.又注满容器所需时间h÷(4Sπd 2)＝πhd 24S (秒)，故函数的定义域是 [0，πhd 24S]．18．已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧cx ＋1，0<x<c ，2－x c2＋1，c ≤x<1满足f(c 2)＝98. (1)求常数c 的值； (2)解不等式f(x)>28＋1. 答案 (1)12 (2)⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫x|24<x<58解析 (1)∵0<c<1，∴c 2<c.由f(c 2)＝98，即c 3＋1＝98，∴c ＝12.(2)由(1)得f(x)＝⎩⎨⎧12x ＋1，0<x<12，2－4x＋1，12≤x<1.由f(x)>28＋1，得当0<x<12时，解得24<x<12. 当12≤x<1时，解得12≤x<58. ∴f(x)>28＋1的解集为⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫x|24<x<58.1．(2016·浙江杭州质检)已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2x －1（x>0），1－2x （x ≤0），则f(1)＋f(－1)的值是( )A ．0B ．2C ．3D ．4答案 D解析 由已知得，f(1)＝1，f(－1)＝3，则f(1)＋f(－1)＝4.故选D.2．下列各图中，不可能表示函数y ＝f(x)的图像的是( )答案 B解析 B 中一个x 对应两个函数值，不符合函数定义． 3．若定义x ⊙y ＝3x －y ，则a ⊙(a ⊙a)等于( ) A ．－a B ．3a C ．a D ．－3a答案 C解析 由题意知：a ⊙a ＝3a －a ，则a ⊙(a ⊙a)＝3a －(a ⊙a)＝3a －(3a －a)＝a.选C.4．已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2x ，x>0，x ＋1，x ≤0.若f(a)＋f(1)＝0，则实数a 的值等于( )A ．－3B ．－1C ．1D ．3答案 A解析 方法一：当a>0时，由f(a)＋f(1)＝0，得2a ＋2＝0，可见不存在实数a 满足条件；当a<0时，由f(a)＋f(1)＝0，得a ＋1＋2＝0，解得a ＝－3，满足条件，故选A.方法二：由指数函数的性质可知：2x >0，又因为f(1)＝2，所以a<0，所以f(a)＝a ＋1，即a ＋1＋2＝0，解得a ＝－3，故选A.方法三：验证法，把a ＝－3代入f(a)＝a ＋1＝－2，又因为f(1)＝2，所以f(a)＋f(1)＝0，满足条件，从而选A.。
2021年河南中考英语考前冲刺：阅读理解题组训练(二)
2021河南中考英语考前冲刺：阅读理解题组训练（二）1.One morning, a very successful businessman who had a big company was getting ready to go to his office. When he reached into his car and opened the door, a dog sleeping under his car suddenly came out and bit（咬）on his leg. The businessman quickly picked up a few stones and threw at the dog, but none hit the dog. The dog ran away.As soon as he reached his office, the businessman called a meeting of his managers to ask about their tasks, and during the meeting he put anger of the dog on them. The managers also got upset by the anger of their boss and they put their anger on the workers under them. The chain of this reaction kept going, and finally the anger reached to the office cleaner.Now, there was no one working under the cleaner! So, when the office time was over, he reached his home, and his wife opened the door. She asked him, "Why are you so late today?" The cleaner said loudly, "I didn't go to the office to play football. I went to work so don't irritate me with your stupid questions!"So, the wife got upset for no reason. She put her anger on her son who was watching TV, saying, "This is all you do. You have no interest in studying! Turn off the TV now."The son got upset too! He walked out of his house and saw a dog passing by looking at him. He picked up a stone and hit the dog in anger. The window of the businessman's car in front of the building was broken unluckily.（1）The businessman got angry at the meeting because ________.A.the company had a lot of problemsB.the managers didn't finish the tasks on timeC.his leg was bitten by a dogD.the window of his car was broken（2）We can infer（推断）from the passage that ________.A.the anger kept going to the lower level of the workersB.the cleaner knew why his leader put anger on himC.It's not bad for the managers to attend the meetingD.something enjoyable happened in the company（3）What does the underlined word "irritate" mean?A.安慰B.激怒C.照顾D.侮辱（4）The wife asked her son to turn off the TV because ________.A.he wasn't interested in studyingB.the family had a poor lifeC.he should go out for exerciseD.she was upset and tried to put her anger on him（5）What can we learn from the passage?A.Be careful of a sleeping dog under a car.B.Hold in your anger and don't hurt those around you.C.Take a few moments to collect your thoughts.D.Anger itself isn't a problem.2.If you like nature, Mona Island is a wonderful place to take a vacation. There are beautiful beaches and caves for you to explore. Some of the animals living there are not found anywhere else in the world. There are many things that make Mona Island an unusual place.Mona Island is very small. The only way to get there is by taking a long boat ride from the Island of Puerto Rico.The government of Puerto Rico takes care of Mona Island and has made it a natural reserve. Mona Island is different from most places because people mustn't live there. There are only a few forest ranges for people to stay in.The forest rangers' job is to keep Mona Island safe and beautiful. They make people follow the rules here. One rule is that only 100 people each time can visit the island.Visitors to Mona Island have to prepare carefully for their trip. Visitors can only sleep in some areas and must bring their own tents. And if they want anything to eat or drink, they have to bring that along too. But if you are glad to take the trouble to come to Mona Island, you will enjoy many wonderful sights. I'm sure.（1）What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A.The location of Mona Island.B.The weather of Mona Island.C.Why people should go to Mona Island.D.Why people should protect Mona Island.（2）How can people get to Mona Island from the Island of Puerto Rico?A.By plane.B.By boat.C.On foot.D.By car.（3）What should visitors do before going to Mona Island?A.Read about Puerto Rico.B.Find a comfortable hotel.C.Collect information about the animals there.D.Make sure they have a tent, enough food and water.3.One day a man went to the market and brought home some peaches. He said to his four sons, "I have bought a peach for each of you, and one for your mother." They took the fruit and thanked their father. It was not often that they could have such fine peaches.In the evening the father said, "Well, boys, what did you do with those peaches?"The eldest son said, "I ate mine, and found it very sweet and juicy. I have put the stone away, and in the spring I will plant it. If it grows, I will have a peach tree of my own.""You have done right," said his father. "It is a good thing to think of having something for yourself tomorrow."Theyoungest son then said," I ate my peach and threw away the stone, and Mother gave me half of hers. It tasted so good.""Well," said his father, "you are a little boy. But you should not have been so quick to eat the peach and throw away the stone."The second son said, "I picked up the stone which he threw away. I broke it open and ate the kernel. Then I sold my peach for enough to buy three peaches the next time I go down the street."The father wasn't very happy with this answer. He said, "It is right to think of having something for yourself, but you have acted in a way that I am afraid will make you selfish and greedy."The third son said, "I did not eat my peach. I gave it to the little sick boy who lives next door. The doctor said peaches would do him good, but his mother is too poor to buy any for him."The other three boys felt that this boy had made the best use of his peach.（1）What can we learn about the father from Paragraph 1?A.He didn't like eating peaches.B.He brought home five peaches.C.He often bought peaches for his sons.D.He picked the peaches from a peach tree.（2）What did the eldest son think of his peach?A.It was big.B.It was fresh.C.It looked beautiful.D.It tasted good.（3）What did the second son do with his peach?A.He sold it.B.He ate it.C.He gave it to his mother.D.He traded it for something else.（4）Who was thought to make the best use of his peach?A.The eldest son.B.The second son.C.The third son.D.The youngest son.4.Mary is eleven. She has long hair and brown eyes. Her ears are small.Mary lives in the center of the city. There is a post office next to her house. There is a coffee shop behind her house and a supermarket in front of her house. But there aren't any schools near her house. Mary often goes to the supermarket to buy fruit. She likes apples and bananas, but she likes strawberries best.Now Mary is in her bedroom. The room is in a mess! Her jeans are on the floor. There is one sock on the sofa and the other one is gone（不在的）. Her mom is very angry. She says to Mary, "Tidy up your room! Put the jeans away and find the socks."Mary likes playing table tennis and she often plays with her classmates after school. She doesn't like playing basketball, because she is not tall. In spring, Mary likes to help her grandma work in the garden（花园）. And in summer, she would like to go camping（去野营）with her grandpa. She thinks they' re interesting.（1）You can't find ________ near Mary's house.A.a coffee shopB.a schoolC.a supermarket（2） ________ are Mary's favorite fruit.A.ApplesB.BananasC.Strawberries（3）The underlined words " in a mess " in Paragraph 3 mean "________" in Chinese.A.破旧不堪B.嘈杂喧闹C.杂乱无章（4）From the passage we know Mary ________.A.isn't tallB.has small eyesC.never works in the garden5.Lisa SantoriSpaghetti Street2462 CRome, Italy（1）How is the weather in Shanghai now?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.（2）Who is Lisa?A.Sophie's friend in Italy.B.Sophie's friend in China.C.Sophie's aunt in China.（3）Which of the following is TRUE?A.Sophie comes to China to learn Chinese.B.Sophie would like to travel around Shanghai tomorrow.C.Sophie thinks her brother is lazy because he doesn't cook.6."Love is still alive!" Wang Zhiru from Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, said excitedly when receiving a picture of a white crane（鹤）on January 3rd2019. The white crane they named Love was saved and set free in early 2018.Love was first found on April 24th 2018, when Li Zengming, a farmer, drove past a reservoir（水库）in the countryside of Nanchang, capital of Jiangxi Province. Seeing ittrying to fly but falling again and again, Li thought that it might be hurt. He drove to the shore and went into the water to save it. "I saw the white crane with dull eyes and a weak body. It was probably hurt. If I let it alone, it would be in danger," Li recalled. After more than half an hour, Li finally took the white crane back to the shore.Then he called his uncle, an experienced animal saver for help. "Come over immediately and let's send it to the police station right away" said his uncle. When seeing the weak wild crane, Jiang Qingchun from the Five-Star Police Station, put down his work and checked it carefully."At the end of April, migratory（迁移的）birds usually return to the north. It's abnormal for a white crane to still be living nearby. It may be left behind because of its poor health." Jiang said. He contacted Wang at the Jiangxi Academy of Forestry for help. Wang's team found Love did not seem to be hurt or have illness, but it suffered（遭受）from hunger and tiredness. After five days' treatment, its weight rose from 3.75 kg to 4 kg.Being kept for long will be bad for birds' ability to live in the wild. Wang's team decided on May 2nd to set it free at a place in northern China so that it could join the migrating group heading for Siberia in Russia. On May 8th, Love was set free at the Momoge National Nature Reserve.（1）When did the farmer find Love for the first time?A.On May 2nd, 2019.B.On May 8th, 2019.C.On April 24th, 2018.D.On January 3rd, 2019.（2）The underlined word "abnormal" in Paragraph 4 means ________.A.unhappyB.unusualC.unknownD.unlucky（3）What was wrong with Love?A.It was hurt.B.It was weak and lost.C.It was dead.D.It was hungry and tired.（4）What does the underline words "set free" mean?A.释放B.逮捕C.饲养D.杀害（5）What is the best title of the passage?A.Love hurtB.Love lostC.Love foundD.Love gone7.Perhaps you have heard the expression "When in Rome, do as the Romans do". So when you want to do business in France, you have to get to know French culture, to make marketing plans, and to run your business by local laws.Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France. The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected（不尊敬）by his French workmates or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country's culture and language.The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand and always look the person in the eye. In social meetings with friends, kissing is common.Use first names only after being invited to. Use Monsieur or Madame before the familyname. The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their family name first, followed by their first name.Dress well. The French get information about people based on their appearance（外貌）. Your business clothing is a reflection（反映）of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Business women usually wear make-up.Lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually have an appetizer, main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee. Don't eat quickly. French lunches usually last two or three hours. This is a time to build relationship.Do not begin eating until the host says, "bon appetite". Pass dishes to the left, keep hands above the table and try to eat everything on the plate. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food. This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who invites always pays.（1）Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________ if you plan to do business in France.A.why it is important to learn FrenchB.what French culture you should knowC.how you can learn the language wellD.how you can get on with your partners（2）In France, when you meet someone for the first time, you are supposed to ________.A.kissB.bowC.shake handsD.look the person in the eye（3）If a French man named Alban Martin is introduced to you, you'd better call him________.A.AlbanB.MartinC.Monsieur AlbanD.Monsieur Martin（4）What does the underlined word "elegantly" in Paragraph 5 most probably mean in Chinese?A.雅致地B.复杂地C.邋遢地D.随意地（5）According to the last paragraph, what are you supposed to do while you are having a meal at a table with other people?A.Pass dishes with your left hand.B.Eat all the food on the plate.C.Add salt or pepper to your food.D.Let the host start eating first.8.Space vegetables are grown from seeds（种子）that have been taken to space and brought back to the earth. The seeds are affected（影响）by the radiation（辐射）and low gravity（重力）in space. When they are brought back to the earth, these seeds produce vegetables that are bigger and healthier than normal vegetables. However, some people worry about eating space vegetables. They think that space vegetables might not be good for us andcould make us get sick because of the radiation in space. However, people should not be frightened because space vegetables are very healthy.Here are some facts that you should know about space vegetables.Space vegetables are grown from seeds that are carefully chosen. When seeds are brought back from space they are tested to make sure that they will be safe to eat.Space vegetables are better for you than normal vegetables. For example, space tomatoes stay fresh for twenty days, which is one week longer than normal tomatoes.After genetically modified（转基因）food appeared in the market, people worried that they were eating unknown things. For example, if nut genes（坚果基因）are put inside potatoes, people allergic（过敏的）to nuts might get sick from eating these potatoes because they do not know they are also eating nuts. Unlike genetically modified food, space vegetables have not been genetically changed. This means that no new genes are put into the vegetables. Therefore, there are no dangers of eating unknown.（1）According to Paragraph One, how are the space vegetables?A.More delicious.B.Healthier and bigger.C.More dangerous.D.Cheaper and healthier.（2）According to Paragraph 4, how long can normal tomatoes stay fresh?A.For seven day.B.For twenty days.C.For thirteen days.D.For twenty-seven days.（3）What's the difference between space vegetables and genetically modified food?A.Space vegetables have no new genes.B.Space vegetables are grown in space.C.Space vegetables have nothing unknown.D.Space vegetables are genetically changed.（4）What does the writer want to tell us?A.The seeds of space vegetables are taken to space.B.Everybody worries about eating space vegetables.C.Space vegetables are safe and good for people to eat.D.Space vegetables bring us illness because of the radiation.参考答案1.【答案】CABDB2.【答案】CBD3.【答案】BDAC4.【答案】BCCA5.【答案】BAB6.【答案】CBDAC7.【答案】ACDAB8.【答案】BCAC。
小学奥数培优题组(经典题库)
经典题库（一）题组训练1计算:999……99×999……99=9个9 9个9999……99×999……96=2008个9 2007个9999……99×777……78=2008个9 2007个7333……3×666……6=2008个3 2008个6题组训练2１、车站每5分钟发一辆车，从上午6:00——上午6:30共发_________辆车。
2.车站每20分钟发一辆车，从上午6:00——上午8:00共发_________辆车。
3.四轮小汽车有一个备用胎，五个轮子轮流行驶，这辆车共行驶了10分钟，每个轮子平均行驶了________分钟。
4.四轮小汽车有一个备用胎，五个轮子轮流行驶，这辆车共行驶了20分钟，每个轮子平均行驶了________分钟。
5.有13人打牌比赛，四人一组，选一人继续比赛，淘汰3人，现要决出冠军，问要共比赛_________场（每一个四人小组当着一场来计算）。
6.有124人打牌比赛，四人一组，选一人继续比赛，淘汰3人，现要决出冠军，问要共比赛_________场（每一个四人小组当着一场来计算）。
题组训练31.一个六位数6□5能被7整除，这样的数是______2.一个两位数除以8，商是A，余数是B，A＋B的最大值是_______．3.用10,10，4,4,四个数在它们之间添上运算符号“＋，－，×，÷”及括号，使它们的结果等于24（每个数只能用一次）题组训练41、把四位数2abc扩大3倍后便成了另一个四位数abc8。
求abc=__________2.六位数1abcde扩大3倍后便成了abcde1，求1abcde=___________3.八位数2abcdefg×3= abcdefg4，求abcdefg=____________题组训练51.某商店规定，3个空汽水瓶换一瓶汽水，某人在这个商店至少需购买_______汽水，就可以喝到21瓶汽水。
高考圈题(新课标II卷)高考生物总复习 题组训练2 物质进出细胞的方式-人教版高三全册生物试题
题组2物质进出细胞的方式（一）、考法解法命题特点分析本考点是轮考内容，考查形式基本是单选题，难度系数在0.4左右，考查难点是物质进出的基本过程，本考点主要考基础概念和基本技能，主要考查考生对基本概念的熟记程度。
解题方法荟萃现今高考注重学生能力的培养，题干的设置更复杂更隐晦更难把握，而些类试题一旦审题失误，必错无疑。
如何审限制条件（找“题眼”）就显的优为重要了，限制条件的种类很多，如时间，原因，影响等。
限制的程度也不同，如根本，直接，最终等，选择的方向也有肯定与否定之分，如是，不是，正确，错误等。
描述的对象也有不同，如植物细胞，动物细胞，表皮细胞，叶肉细胞，根尖细胞，T2噬菌体，细菌，蓝藻，真菌，原核生物，真核生物等，这些限制条件，其设问指向不同，往往提示了解题的思路。
故应注意相关概念的区别，掌握相关概念的内涵和外延。
（二）、真题剖析【题干】（2014•某某）如图为氨基酸和Na+进出肾小管上皮细胞的示意图，下表选项中正确的是（）选项管腔中氨基酸→上皮细胞管腔中Na+→上皮细胞上皮细胞中氨基酸→组织液A 主动运输被动运输主动运输B 被动运输被动运输被动运输C 被动运输主动运输被动运输D 主动运输被动运输被动运输【答案】D【解析】(命题意图)物质跨膜运输主要包括两种方式：被动运输和主动运输，被动运输又包括自由扩散和协助扩散．被动运输是由高浓度向低浓度一侧扩散，而主动运输是由低浓度向高浓度一侧运输。
其中协助扩散需要载体蛋白的协助，但不需要消耗能量；而主动运输既需要消耗能量，也需要载体蛋白的协助。
(解题点拨)根据图形可知，肾小管管腔中的氨基酸进入上皮细胞为逆浓度的运输，属于主动运输（其动力来自于Na+协同运输中的离子梯度）；管腔中Na+进入上皮细胞的过程中，是由高浓度向低浓度一侧扩散，并且需要载体蛋白的协助，属于被动运输中的协助扩散；上皮细胞中氨基酸进入组织液的过程中，是由高浓度向低浓度一侧扩散，并且需要载体蛋白的协助，属于被动运输中的协助扩散。
高考数学总复习提素能高效题组训练2-1
[命题报告·教师用书独具]1．现向一个半径为R 的球形容器内匀速注入某种液体，下面图形中能表示在注入过程中容器的液面高度h 随时间t 变化的函数关系的是( )解析：从球的形状可知，水的高度开始时增加的速度越来越慢，当超过半球时，增加的速度又越来越快．答案：C2．已知f (x )＝⎩⎨⎧x ＋2，x ≤－1，x 2，－1<x <2，2x ，x ≥2，若f (x )＝3，则x 的值是( )A ．1B ．1或32 C ．1，32或±3D. 3解析：当x ≤－1时，f (x )的值域为(－∞，1]；当－1<x <2时，f (x )的值域为[0,4]；当x ≥2时，f (x )的值域为[4，＋∞)．而3∈[0,4)，所以f (x )＝x 2＝3，所以x ＝±3，又因为－1<x <2，所以x ＝ 3.答案：D3．已知a ，b 为实数，集合M ＝⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫b a ，1，N ＝{a,0}，f ：x →x 表示把M 中的元素x 映射到集合N 中仍为x ，则a ＋b 等于( )A ．1B ．0C ．1D ．±1解析：a ＝1，b ＝0，∴a ＋b ＝1. 答案：C4．(2013年茂名模拟)已知函数f (x )满足：f (m ＋n )＝f (m )f (n )，f (1)＝3，则f 2(1)＋f (2)f (1)＋f 2(2)＋f (4)f (3)＋f 2(3)＋f (6)f (5)＋f 2(4)＋f (8)f (7)的值等于( ) A ．36 B ．24 C ．18D ．12 解析：∵f (m ＋n )＝f (m )f (n )，∴f (2n )＝f (n )f (n )，即f (2n )＝f 2(n )．且有f (n ＋1)＝f (n )f (1)＝3f (n )，即f (n ＋1)f (n )＝3，则f 2(1)＋f (2)f (1)＋f 2(2)＋f (4)f (3)＋f 2(3)＋f (6)f (5)＋f 2(4)＋f (8)f (7)＝2f (2)f (1)＋2f (4)f (3)＋2f (6)f (5)＋2f (8)f (7)＝2×3＋2×3＋2×3＋2×3＝24. 答案：B5．(2013年太原模拟)定义在R 上的函数f (x )满足f (x )＝⎩⎨⎧log 2(8－x )，x ≤0，f (x －1)－f (x －2)，x >0，则f (3)的值为( ) A ．1 B ．2 C ．－2D ．－3解析：依题意得f (3)＝f (2)－f (1)＝[f (1)－f (0)]－f (1)＝－f (0)＝－log 28＝－3，选D.答案：D 二、填空题6．下列四个命题正确的有________． ①函数是其定义域到值域的映射； ②y ＝x －3＋2－x 是函数；③函数y ＝2x (x ∈N )的图象是一条直线；④y ＝⎩⎨⎧x 2，x ≥0，－x 2，x ＜0的图象是抛物线．解析：命题①函数是一种特殊的映射，是正确的；命题②x ∈∅，故不是函数； y ＝2x (x ∈N )的图象是一群孤立的点，故③不对；命题④的图象关于原点对称，不是抛物线．故只有①正确．答案：①7．已知函数f (x )＝⎩⎨⎧2x， x ≥2，f (x ＋2)， x ＜2，则f (log 45)＝________.解析：f (log 45)＝f (log 45＋2)＝22＋log 45＝4·2log 2 5＝4 5. 答案：4 58．已知函数f (x )＝2x ＋1与函数y ＝g (x )的图象关于直线x ＝2成轴对称图形，则函数y ＝g (x )的解析式为________．解析：设点M (x ，y )在所求函数的图象上，点M ′(x ′，y ′)是M 关于直线x ＝2的对称点，则⎩⎨⎧x ′＝4－x ，y ′＝y ，又y ′＝2x ′＋1，∴y ＝2(4－x )＋1＝9－2x ， 即g (x )＝9－2x . 答案：g (x )＝9－2x9．(2013年丽水模拟)函数f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2－x －1，x ≤0，x 12，x >0，若f (x 0)＝1，则x 0的值为________．解析：当x 0≤0时，f (x 0)＝2－x 0－1，由f (x 0)＝1，得2－x 0－1＝1，即2－x 0＝2，解得x 0＝－1；当x 0>0时，f (x 0)＝x 120，由f (x 0)＝1，得x 120＝1，解得x 0＝1.经检验x 0＝－1或1符合题意．综上可得x 0的值为－1或1.答案：－1或1 三、解答题 10．若函数f (x )＝xax ＋b(a ≠0)，f (2)＝1，又方程f (x )＝x 有唯一解，求f (x )的解析式．解析：由f (2)＝1得22a ＋b＝1，即2a ＋b ＝2； 由f (x )＝x 得x ax ＋b ＝x ，变形得x ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1ax ＋b －1＝0，解方程得x ＝0或x ＝1－ba ， 又因方程有唯一解， ∴1－ba ＝0，解得b ＝1，代入2a ＋b ＝2得a ＝12， ∴f (x )＝2x x ＋2. 11．已知f (x )＝x 2－1，g (x )＝⎩⎨⎧x －1，x ＞0，2－x ，x ＜0.(1)求f [g (2)]和g [f (2)]的值； (2)求f [g (x )]和g [f (x )]的表达式． 解析：(1)由已知，g (2)＝1，f (2)＝3， ∴f [g (2)]＝f (1)＝0，g [f (2)]＝g (3)＝3－1＝2. (2)当x ＞0时，g (x )＝x －1， 故f [g (x )]＝(x －1)2－1＝x 2－2x ； 当x ＜0时，g (x )＝2－x ，故f [g (x )]＝(2－x )2－1＝x 2－4x ＋3；∴f [g (x )]＝⎩⎨⎧x 2－2x ，x ＞0，x 2－4x ＋3，x ＜0.当x ＞1，或x ＜－1时，f (x )＞0， 故g [f (x )]＝f (x )－1＝x 2－2； 当－1＜x ＜1时，f (x )＜0， 故g [f (x )]＝2－f (x )＝3－x 2.∴g [f (x )]＝⎩⎨⎧x 2－2，x ＞1，或x ＜－1，3－x 2，－1＜x ＜1. 12．(能力提升)设x ≥0时，f (x )＝2；x <0时，f (x )＝1，又规定：g (x )＝3f (x －1)－f (x －2)2(x >0)，试写出y ＝g (x )的表达式，并画出其图象．解析：当0<x <1时，x －1<0，x －2<0， ∴g (x )＝3－12＝1；当1≤x <2时，x －1≥0，x －2<0， ∴g (x )＝6－12＝52；当x ≥2时，x －1>0，x －2≥0， ∴g (x )＝6－22＝2. 故g (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1，(0<x <1)，52，(1≤x <2)，2，(x ≥2).其图象如图所示：[因材施教·学生备选练习]1．(2013年温州模拟)设函数f (x )＝⎩⎨⎧x ，x ≥0，－x ，x <0，若f (a )＋f (－1)＝2，则a＝( )A ．－3B ．±3C ．－1D ．±1解析：依题意得，f (a )＝2－f (－1)＝2－－(－1)＝1.当a ≥0时，有a ＝1，则a ＝1；当a <0时，有－a ＝1，a ＝－1.综上所述，a ＝±1，选D.答案：D2．动点P 从单位正方形ABCD 的顶点A 出发，顺次经过B ，C ，D 绕边界一周，当x 表示点P 的行程，y 表示P A 的长时，求y 关于x 的解析式，并求f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫52的值．解析：当点P 在AB 上运动时，y ＝x (0≤x ≤1)； 当点P 在BC 上运动时，y ＝12＋(x －1)2＝x 2－2x ＋2(1<x ≤2)； 当点P 在CD 上运动时，y ＝12＋(3－x )2＝x 2－6x ＋10(2<x ≤3)； 当点P 在DA 上运动时，y ＝4－x (3<x ≤4)；综上可知，y ＝f (x )＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ，0≤x ≤1，x 2－2x ＋2，1<x ≤2，x 2－6x ＋10，2<x ≤3，4－x ，3<x ≤4.∴f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫52＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫522－6×52＋10＝52.。
中考英语题组训练2 用所给单词的适当形式补全短文
题组训练2 用所给单词的适当形式补全短文用所给单词的适当形式补全短文，必要时可加助动词、情态动词或否定词。
(每空不多于三个单词)A[2017·乐山]One day a man bought a lot of coconuts(椰子) and put them all on his horse. He was moving them to his 1.________(friend) house. On the way, the man met a boy. “How long would it take to get to the house？” he asked the boy.“If you go 2.________(slow)，” the boy said, “you will get there very soon. But if you go fast, it will take you all day.”“What a funny reply！” said the man. He did not listen to the boy. He made his horse run as fast as possible. Some coconuts fell off. He had to stop 3.________(pick) them up. Then he made his horse run fast again. But the coconuts fell off again, and he 4.________(stop) again.He did this many 5.________(time), and it was night when he finally got to his friend's house.B[2018·原创]Once upon a time, a girl and a boy were playing together and found a secret laboratory by accident. They 1.________(enter) and found a mysterious machine. They pressed a button(按钮) and the machine 2.________(turn) the boy into the size of a marble(弹珠). The children tried 3.________(stop) this action, but couldn't do it, and couldn't find anyone to help.The girl picked up her friend and 4.________(put) him in her backpack to take him home. The backpack was very disorganized and full of all kinds of things, and the journey home 5.________(be) just terrible for the boy, who couldn't help but cry.When the girl tried to get him out of the bag, things were so jumbled(混乱的) that she 6.________(not find) him. After many tries, she decided 7.________(remove) every thing, one by one. Thanks to this way, she finally found her friend.Both children learnt the importance of 8.________(keep) things in order, even inside a backpack. The next day they went back to the laboratory, where a nice inventor managed to return the boy to his normal size.C[2017·昆明]In November 1979, pupils in England 1.________(be) able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the 2.________(one) time. However, this story is not new to Chinese children. The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West.The Monkey King is not just any 3.________(normally) monkey. In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! This is because he can make seventy-two 4.________(change) to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. But unless he can hide his tail, he 5.________(can) turn himself into a man. To 6.________(fight) bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. Sometimes 7.________(him) can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.8.________(at) other times, he is able to make it big and long.The Monkey King 9.________(excite) the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in 10.________(read) this story, because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up.DBridges are built for many reasons. Some bridges are built so that cars can cross over rivers. Others are 1.________(make) for trains to use. In Washington State, there is a very unusual bridge. It was built for squirrels(松鼠)．The town of Longview 2.________(have) a very busy street. Many cars pass it every day. When squirrels tried to cross thestreet, they 3.________(kill). Amos Peters wanted 4.________(protect) these small and lovely animals, so he built a bridge for them—one that would let them 5.________(pass) above the traffic.The bridge 6.________(be) a symbol of the town for over 40 years since then. And every Christmas, the local people7.________(add) a small Christmas tree to the center of the bridge. How lovely!A few years ago, the local people 8.________(create) a squirrel festival and they raised money 9.________(build) two more bridges for these lovely animals. For years, because of the bridges, the squirrels in the town have been able 10.________(cross) safely from one side of the street to the other.E[2018·原创]Winter is cold. People live in warm houses. What do animals do? Animals are smart. They do many 1.________(difference) amazing things to get through the winter. Some of them “migrate(迁徙)”. This means they travel to other 2.________(place) where the weather is warmer or where they can find food.Many birds migrate in autumn. Because the trip can be 3.________(danger), some travel in large groups. Many fish migrate. They may swim south, or move into deeper and 4.________(warm) water. Insects also migrate. Insects like earthworms move downward into the soil and some as far as six feet below the surface.Some animals remain active in winter. They must fit the changing weather. Many make changes in their 5.________(behave) or bodies. 6.________(keep) warm, animals may grow new and thicker fur in the fall. Some animals begin to collect their winter food in autumn. When it's very cold, they stay inside their homes. They can 7.________(eat) the food they collect in autumn. Squirrels collect seeds and nuts. They are safe and warm in their 8.________(home) in winter.Some animals hibernate(冬眠) for part or all of the winter. This is a special very deep sleep. The tem-perature of the animals' bodies 9.________(drop) and its heartbeat and breath slow down. It uses very little energy. In autumn, these animals get ready for the winter by 10.________(eat) much food and storing it as body fat. They use this fat for energy while hibernating. Some also store food like nuts to eat later in winter.F[2017·潍坊]In my life, a person who has influenced me most is my father. He is a model for me. Now I'll tell you about his story. My father is in his 1.________(fifty). He never smokes or drinks. He 2.________(work) in a local factory for years. You will not find anything 3.________(usual) about him until you learn more. He works 4.________(care) all the time, so he 5.________(respect) by his colleagues. My father has always been kind and helpful. He has fun 6.________(talk) with old people. He gave our TV to a family who could not afford one. He cares for the children who have lost their parents. Whenever he has some money left, he 7.________(give) it to someone in need.My father has donated blood many times since we 8.________(move) here. The blood he has donated is much enough 9.________(save) over 70 lives. He has donated blood cells to people with blood cancer. To my surprise, he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his 10.________(die)．When I was a little girl, I could not understand why my father always seemed to be 11.________(kind) to others than to his own family and why he thinks of others more than 12.________(he). Now I realize that he owns a heart full of love.GLike most Chinese, Mr. Zhang has a traditional family. Both he and his wife 1.________(be) middle school teachers while their 7-year-old son is a pupil. Mr. Zhang's mother lives with them and helps 2.________(look) after the kid. They love each other and live a happy life.Yesterday was Mr. Zhang's mother's birthday. The couple wanted to do something 3.________(show) their love to her.After a big dinner, Mr. Zhang 4.________(bring) a basin(盆) of warm water and asked his mother to sit in front of the basin. He took off her shoes and put her 5.________(foot) into the water. After that he began to wash them 6.________(careful). His wife helped to comb(梳) his mother's hair slowly. Seeing this, the boy followed his mother's example. He tried to comb his mother's hair, too. But he was not tall enough to do that. So he got a chair and stood on it. Everyone could feel the 7.________(warm) and love in the family.As we all know, respecting the old and 8.________(take) care of the young is a good Chinese tradition. We should try our best 9.________(care) for our family. We should 10.________(visit) our parents as often as possible and spend time with them even though we may work far away. Indeed, family is a place for happiness.参考答案A【主旨大意】本文讲述了一个故事。
中考英语题组训练2 学校生活+童话故事
题组训练2 学校生活＋童话故事A学校生活Most high schools in the United States publish a yearbook once a year, usually in the spring. It __1__ the school year—a “book of memories” for the students.Inside a yearbook is each student's __2__. The seniors are graduating soon, and their photos appear first. Next are the juniors. They are one year behind the seniors. Then come the second year students. The __3__ photos are the first year students. The yearbook is not only about students. The __4__ have photos, too.The yearbook also has photos and descriptions of __5__ that students do after school, such as the chess club and Spanish club. There is even a yearbook club. Students in this club write, design and take photos all year for the yearbook.In the yearbook, some students receive __6__ titles. The seniors vote and choose the “class clown”(a funny student), the “most likely to succeed”(a student who got the best __7__), and the “best dressed”(a student with a good fashion sense). There are also other awards(奖赏)．Students __8__ sign each other's yearbooks. This is especially important for the seniors __9__ they are graduating. Students write notes to each other, such as “We had a lot of fun.” or “I'll never forget you.” They also write about the fun and funny experiences they __10__ in school together.()1.A.requires B．reviews C．records D．remembers()2.A.photo B．painting C．sign D．shape()3.A.first B．last C．only D．best()4.A.students B．people C．children D．teachers()5.A.events B．activities C．interests D．clubs()6.A.special B．simple C．important D．beautiful()7.A.programs B．reasons C．grades D．plans()ually B．seldom C．always D．never()9.A.until B．after C．since D．because()10.A.changed B．realized C．shared D．missedB童话故事[2017•烟台]It was the last evening of the old year. In the cold and darkness there went__1__ the street a poor little girl, with bare feet.She carried a small bundle of matches in her hand, and a lot__2__ in her broken apron(围裙). No one had bought any all day long. Trembling with cold and hunger, the girl walked on and on.__3__ poor little child!In a corner, she sat down, but she could not warm herself. She was__4__ to go home. She had earned(赚) not a coin, and perhaps her father would__5__ her, and her home was almost as cold as the street. Her hands were nearly dead with cold. She struck one match against the wall, and held her hands__6__ the flame(火焰). She wanted to warm her small hands. It was quite a magic light. She found herself__7__ before a large iron-stove. How warm it was! As the child wanted to warm her feet, the flame__8__，and the stove disappeared. The little girl sat cold and hungry, with the burnt match in her hand.A second match was lighted. She saw a table__9__ delicious food. The roast goose stood at one end, with knife and fork in her breast, jumped down from thedishes, and came to the poor child. The match was burnt out and only the thick，__10__wall was beside her.She struck__11__ match. This time, her gentle and loving grandmother came up, bright and happy as she had never looked during her lifetime.“Grandma！”__12__ the child, “Oh, take me with you! I know that you will leave me __13__the match goes out.” And she lighted all the matches hurriedly; she would like__14__her old grandmother disappearing. Her kind, old and beautiful grandmother took the little girl in her arms, and they both flew high together, until they were in that place where neither cold, nor hunger, nor__15__is ever known.The next morning, the little girl was found dead in the corner, with a smile on her face.()1.A.away B．along C．off D．out()2.A.many B．much C．most D．more()3.A.What a B．What C．How a D．How()4.A.happy B．willing C．afraid D．ready()5.A.worry B．beat C．pay D．praise()6.A.in B．across C．below D．over()7.A.sit B．sitting C．sits D．sat()8.A.died down B．put off C．broke away D．turned down()9.A.made of B．next to C．full of D．close to()10.A.hard B．warm C．deep D．soft()11.A.another one B．other C．another D．the other()12.A.asked B．talked C．nodded D．cried()13.A.as soon as B．as if C．even though D．so that()14.A.stopping B．to keep C．to stop D．keep()15.A.hope B．pain C．feeling D．anger参考答案A【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
2019版高考英语(课标版)一轮复习题组优化训练：第二部分 专题十 定语从句
专题十定语从句题组1关系代词引导的定语从句1.[2017乙卷(全国Ⅰ),70]Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,is not good for the health.2.[2017江苏,28]In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.3.[2016北京,22]I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.4.[2015江苏,21]The number of smokers,is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.5.[2015重庆,14]He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.6.[2014山东,10]A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.7.[2014江西,28]Among the many dangers sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.8.[2014重庆,9]We’ll reach the sale s targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.9.[2014北京,26]I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,my classmates recommended to me.10.[2014陕西,13]Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.11.[2013江苏,32]The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,he remembers starting as early as his childhood.12.[2013湖南,21]Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.13.[2013重庆,24]John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.14.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]Around me in this picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.15.[2016四川改错]The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.题组2关系副词引导的定语从句16.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),65]But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter...17.[2015北京,24]Opposite is St. Paul’s Church,you can hear some lovely music.18.[2015陕西,15]As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.19.[2014江苏,22]The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at worka good impression is a must.20.[2014浙江,5]I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.21. [2013四川,9]Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.22. [2013江西,33]He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.题组3"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句23.[2016浙江,11]Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none ofhas been proved.24.[2014天津,12]English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it differently.25.[2013浙江,5]The children, all of had played the whole day long, were worn out.26.[2013辽宁,34]He may win the competition, in case he is likely to get into the national team.A组基础题A单句填空27.[2018山西吕梁高三阶段性测试,46]Irresponsible drivers drive too close often make the driver in front respond by sudden braking.28.[2018河南南阳一中三模,58]In addition, it is always wise to compare your results with those of other group members, and to keep records of the sources used by each person, without you can’t trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.29.[2018山东、安徽大联考,61]It has some special determinants (决定因素), one of is the choice of clothes.30.[2018贵州遵义航天高中二模,70]That little act of kindness made everyone saw it feel good — but it made me feel the best of all !31.[2018河北武邑中学调研,69]You gain strength and confidence by every experience you look like a failure on the face of it and still carry on.32.[2018湖北重点高中协作体联考,61]On Teachers’ Day,I received a sweet greeting letter from Annie,one of my "cookies",I used to call my students.33.[2018江西赣州十四县市期中联考,66]All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl,smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.34.[2018河南天一大联考,61]Beijing Opera has a history of 200 years origin can be seen as old local operas,especially Anhui Opera.35.[2018河北石家庄模考,47]Of course, there are times we need to travel long distances.36.[2018安徽江淮十校联考,61]For those have seen War for the Planet of the Apes,it’s easy to come to this conclusion —the movie isn’t about war or the planet,and it’s not necessarily even about the apes.37.[2018安徽皖南八校联考,45]The tea plant grows best in tropical and temperate zones rain falls throughout the year.38.[2017四川资阳高三一诊,66]Meanwhile, other robot teachers, can teach math, science and art, have also been developed.39.[2017江西宜春四校联考,43]...he announced the birth of his first child and the creation of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, will focus on personalized learning, curing disease...40.[2017安徽皖南八校高三联考,64]To the world, he is an "abnormal creature" belonging to a minority that includes those can’t see, talk or hear.41.[2017湖北重点高中协作体联考,64]Cao is a deeply committed writer,difficult childhood hasa great influence on his writing.42.[2017河北邯郸期中联考,67]Besides, professionals work abroad can now communicate with their families back home with the use of mobile phones or computers.43.[2017福建四地六校联考,69]Then, later that afternoon, another big quake was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.44.[2017黑龙江哈尔滨附属中学高三联考,61]Nowadays, can we find a person hasn’t experienced online shopping? Definitely not.45.[2016湖北黄冈中学高三测试,69]When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market people from the towns met regularly.46.[2016鄂豫晋冀陕高三五省联考,61]It’s now a famous university located in the Haidian District of Beijing, a place in the key institutions of higher education are concentrated.47.[2016 湖南怀化一模,8]Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life they aren’t content with their parents.B单句改错48.[2018辽宁沈阳铁路实验中学高三考试]On the other hand,I can see the singers’ stories, who are so inspiring.49.[2018河南八市联考]It has abundant reading materials what I need most, greatly broadening my horizon.50.[2018河南郑州外国语学校调研]Last month our school held a Reading Week, which aim was to encourage the students to read widely.51.[2018河南中原名校质检]My first step is to set small targets what can be reached realistically.52.[2018黑龙江哈尔滨六中段考]Just as I was about to walk over to help him, I found a little girl, that was about ten years old, asked him if he needed help.53.[2018河南洛阳期中考试]We asked one of the workers what it was, and he told us it was an animal care center, there the sick animals got treated.54.[2018福建福州综合质量检测]Our class chose a story set in World War II, that showed the preciousness of peace.55.[2018辽宁重点高中协作校段考]Firstly, list all the tasks which must be done and decide which one requires immediate attention.56.[2018江西百所名校联考]On Tuesday morning, the students from both countries are to visit the Forbidden City, about that Mr. Zhang will tell some interesting stories.57.[2018广西南宁八中高三摸底考试]What is known to all, eating at home is a much healthier and less costly way of life than eating in a restaurant.58.[2017辽宁东北育才高三一模]My house is about three kilometers away from Xi’an Moslem Street, where is full of local foods.59.[2017山西重点中学协作体高三期中考试]Above all, they hosted an American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.60.[2016江西重点中学协作体高三联考]I will find a job in an advertisement company which I will enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues.61.[2016湖南六校联考]Actually she is an exchange student from Ireland, which has been studying in my school for two months.62.[2016河南郑州高三质量检测]Every time I look at the pictures for which I took, I will remember the water, the bridges and the houses.B组提升题A专项语篇型填空(定语从句)The following is part of the story that most of my fellow students show interest in, the title of1I don’t seem to remember.Jane Platt, 2is traveling to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person 3 witnesses a murder at Victoria Station. The detective to 4she gives her statement disappears. Jane goes to an office in Soho to answer the letter that she has received,5she discovers that her uncle Gordon, who lives in South America, has sent her a small box that she is to open only at the time 6she is in real trouble. Jane,7parents have never mentioned Uncle Gordon, is skeptical of the box,8she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves, who has not heard of the Victoria Station murder, which was not reported by the police. Jane gives Groves the murdered man’s ticket that she found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill, which is the town from 9the murdered man came. On the train they meet a man, whose face is somehow familiar to Jane,10says he knows her uncle Gordon.B语法填空[2017山东日照高三校际教学质量联合检测]Many people may think the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum, is 61outstanding and old-fashioned museum. But, in recent years, the museum has been working hard 62(promote) Chinese cultural heritage among young people.The museum’s online store now offers special cultural and 63(create) products. For example, in 2014, it started to make T-shirts that look like an emperor’s coat. It also 64(sell) earphones that look like the necklaces worn by ancient officials, which brought 65about 1 billion yuan in sales in 2016, reported China Youth Daily.Last year, a documentary(纪录片)66(title)Masters in Forbidden City became popular online. The documentary is about the people 67job is to repair the relics in the museum. Many of these workers are young, and some are even in their 68(twenty).Some other69(museum)across the country, such as the National Museum of China,70 (inspire) by the Palace Museum’s efforts and are working on similar projects of their own.C短文改错[2017江西宜春四校高三联考]Nowadays Senior 3 students are general faced with a lot of pressure, which is rather common. To reduce it, the followed suggestions may help. First of all, know exactly what lead to your pressure, and then you can take measures to deal with it. Secondly, set up a goal what is not too high, in another words,don’t put too much pressure on yourself. Thirdly, find a way to relax you occasionally, for example, you can listen to music, go swim or just simply go walking.Eventually, make friend with others, for example, your classmates, your teachers, your parents. They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble. In a word, never get yourself stuck in the pressure for "impossible is nothing".答案专题十定语从句题组1关系代词引导的定语从句1.which考查关系代词。
人教版新高考英语二轮复习习题训练--语篇填空题组练(二)
题组练(二)Test1(2021·山东济南高三适应性考试)Robotics is a complex field. But brothers Sanjay and Arvind Seshan found an early passion for it. In 2014, they started a mission to make 1. easier for others to learn robotics by creating a website, 2. they teach people to code.The story started when they were looking for materials for learning how to programme, and they 3.(realise) that there was not really anything good online. Then they came up 4.an idea of creating a brief set of lessons from which kids and adults could learn 5.(easy) to programme.The website started off with basic lessons on robotics and coding. But now the lessons can support the kids who 6.(involve) with robotics for years and who want to learn something new. The brothers thought that one of the reasons why kids liked it 7.(be) that they were being taught by other kids.The brothers understand that robotics takes 8.(patient) and lots of time. They created a robot 9.(call) Pix3l Plott3r that would print people’s pictures. It took them two years to get a fully working model, and they made six or more versions. The Seshan brothers’ advice is never 10. (give) up if something does not work the first time and to try different ways of solving the problem.Test2(2021·宁夏银川高三考前适应性训练)Newly-developed robotic arms 1.(show) on Tuesday in Anhui Province. The robotic arms, developed by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), have advanced grasping abilities compared 2. those on the market. They can complete flexible movements including 3.(pick) up pieces of paper, bowls, soft tofu and cakes and placing them in certain places accurately. With the arms, robots can grasp and place different objects 4. (steady) after judging the shape and size of the item.The current robotic arms in China can hardly conduct such complex movements, 5.imported robotic arms with such functions are very expensive. “The new robotic arms cost no more than 1,000 yuan,” said Chen Xiaoping, 6.(direct) of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC, adding that this gives them an advantage for much 7.(wide) application.According to Chen, the arms 8.(be) first installed on 9. home service robot developed by USTC, and are expected 10.(use) in more fields such as the elderly care services and logistics in the future.Test3Bike riding is a great way 1.(get) exercise and fresh air. But 2. you rush out and start biking, there is an important thing you need to consider—safety.Always wear a helmet when riding a bike, no matter where you are or how short the ride is. It can protect your brain from 3.(get) hurt in a bike accident. Many bike accidents mean brain damage for someone 4. does not wear one while riding. To protect against brain injury, make sure that the belts are fastened. What you wear when riding a bike 5.(be) also very important for safety. Bright-coloured clothes will help you be 6.(clear) visible on the road.Besides, you have to choose good shoes. You should never ride barefoot!Stop at all stop signs and check for traffic in both directions when leaving 7.driveway.Never wear earphones while biking. It’s 8.(importance) to hear everyone else on the road.One of the 9.(good) ways for parents to help kids learn safe bike riding is to set an example by following the 10.(rule) of the road themselves.Test4(2021·河北唐山高三第二次模拟)For much of history, reading was a fairly noisy activity. Today, however, the majority of us bottle the words in our heads as if 1.(sit) in a library.Recent studies provide enough evidence 2. the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories 3. strengthening emotional bonds between people.According to research on the impact of reading on memory, people consistently remember words and texts 4.(well) if reading them aloud than if reading them silently. This phenomenon has been named the “production effect”, which means that producing 5.(write) words—namely, reading them out loud—improves our memory of them. Even just silently mouthing the words makes 6. (they) more memorable.One reason why people remember the spoken words better is that it gives us 7.additional basis for memory. We are 8.(general) better at recalling events that require active involvement. For instance, producing a word in 9.(respond) to a question makes it easier to remember.In time when our interactions with others and the large amount of information we take in 10.(be) all too transient(转瞬即逝的), perhaps it is worth making a bit more time for reading out loud.题组练(二)Test1【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。
高考数学总复习提素能高效题组训练2-13
[命题报告·教师用书独具]1．f (x )＝2x 4－3x 2＋1在⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12，2上的最大值、最小值分别是( )A ．21，－18 B ．1，－18 C ．21,0D ．0，－18解析：∵函数f (x )在⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12，2上有最大值和最小值．∴f ′(x )＝8x 3－6x ＝0，解得x ＝0或x ＝32或x ＝－32(舍去)， ∴f (x )max ＝f (2)＝21，f (x )min ＝f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫32＝－18.答案：A2．(2013年淄博模拟)已知a ≤1－x x ＋ln x 对任意x ∈⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12，2恒成立，则a 的最大值为( )A ．0B ．1C ．2D ．3解析：设f (x )＝1－x x ＋ln x ，则f ′(x )＝－x ＋x －1x 2＋1x ＝x －1x 2.当x ∈[12，1)时，f ′(x )<0，故函数f (x )在⎣⎢⎡⎭⎪⎫12，1上单调递减；当x ∈(1,2]时，f ′(x )>0，故函数f (x )在(1,2]上单调递增，∴f (x )min ＝f (1)＝0，∴a ≤0，即a 的最大值为0.答案：A3．做一个圆柱形锅炉，容积为V ，两个底面的材料每单位面积的价格为a 元，侧面的材料每单位面积的价格为b 元，当造价最低时，锅炉的底面直径与高的比为( )A.a bB.a 2bC.b aD.b 2a解析：如图，设圆柱的底面半径为R ，高为h ，则V ＝πR 2h .设造价为y ＝2πR 2a ＋2πRhb ＝2πaR 2＋2πRb ·V πR 2＝2πaR 2＋2bV R ，∴y ′＝4πaR －2bVR 2.令y ′＝0，得2R h ＝ba . 答案：C4．函数f (x )＝(x －3)e x 的单调递增区间是( ) A ．(－∞，－2) B ．(0,3) C ．(1,4)D ．(2，＋∞)解析：∵f (x )＝(x －3)e x ，∴f ′(x )＝e x (x －2)>0，∴x >2.∴f (x )的单调递增区间为(2，＋∞)．答案：D5．(2013年珠海摸底)若函数f (x )＝⎩⎨⎧2x 3＋3x 2＋1(x ≤0)，e ax (x >0)在[－2,2]上的最大值为2，则a 的取值范围是( )A.⎣⎢⎡⎭⎪⎫12ln 2，＋∞B.⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤0，12ln 2 C ．(－∞，0]D.⎝ ⎛⎦⎥⎤－∞，12ln 2解析：当x ≤0时，f ′(x )＝6x 2＋6x ，易知函数f (x )在(－∞，0]上的极大值点是x ＝－1，且f (－1)＝2，故只要在(0,2]上，e ax ≤2即可，即ax ≤ln 2在(0,2]上恒成立，即a ≤ln 2x 在(0,2]上恒成立，故a ≤12ln 2.答案：D 二、填空题6．函数f (x )＝12x 2－ln x 的最小值为________． 解析：由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧f ′(x )＝x －1x >0，x >0得x >1，由⎩⎨⎧f ′(x )<0，x >0，得0<x <1. ∴f (x )在x ＝1时取最小值f (1)＝12－ln1＝12. 答案：127．已知f (x )＝2x 3－6x 2＋m (m 为常数)在[－2,2]上有最大值3，那么此函数在[－2,2]上的最小值为________．解析：∵f ′(x )＝6x 2－12x ＝6x (x －2)，∴f (x )在(－2,0)上为增函数，在(0,2)上为减函数， ∴当x ＝0时，f (x )＝m 最大． ∴m ＝3，从而f (－2)＝－37， f (2)＝－5，∴最小值为－37. 答案：－378．面积为S 的一矩形中，其周长最小时的边长是________．解析：设矩形的一边边长为x ，则另一边边长为S x ，其周长为l ＝2x ＋2Sx ，x >0，l ′＝2－2S x 2.令l ′＝0，解得x ＝S .易知，当x ＝S 时，其周长最小． 答案：S9．已知函数f (x )＝x 3＋x ，对任意的m ∈[－2,2]，f (mx －2)＋f (x )<0恒成立，则x 的取值范围为________．解析：∵f ′(x )＝3x 2＋1>0恒成立， ∴f (x )在R 上是增函数．又f (－x )＝－f (x )，∴y ＝f (x )为奇函数． 由f (mx －2)＋f (x )<0得f (mx －2)<－f (x )＝f (－x )， ∴mx －2<－x ，即mx －2＋x <0在m ∈[－2,2]上恒成立． 记g (m )＝xm －2＋x ，则⎩⎨⎧ g (－2)<0，g (2)<0，即⎩⎨⎧－2x －2＋x <0，2x －2＋x <0， 解得－2<x <23. 答案：⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－2，23三、解答题10．(2013年抚州模拟)已知函数f (x )＝ln x －ax . (1)若a >0，试判断f (x )在定义域内的单调性； (2)若f (x )在[1，e]上的最小值为32，求a 的值； 解析：(1)由题意f (x )的定义域为(0，＋∞)， 且f ′(x )＝1x ＋a x 2＝x ＋ax 2. ∵a >0，∴f ′(x )>0，故f (x )在(0，＋∞)上是单调递增的． (2)由(1)可知，f ′(x )＝x ＋ax 2.①若a ≥－1，则x ＋a ≥0，即f ′(x )≥0在[1，e]上恒成立，此时f (x )在[1，e]上为增加的，∴f (x )min ＝f (1)＝－a ＝32，∴a ＝－32(舍去)．②若a ≤－e ，则x ＋a ≤0，即f ′(x )≤0在[1，e]上恒成立，此时f (x )在[1，e]上为减少的，∴f (x )min ＝f (e)＝1－a e ＝32，∴a ＝－e2(舍去)． ③若－e<a <－1，令f ′(x )＝0得x ＝－a ，当1<x <－a 时，f ′(x )<0，∴f (x )在(1，－a )上是减少的； 当－a <x <e 时，f ′(x )>0，∴f (x )在(－a ，e)上是增加的． ∴f (x )min ＝f (－a )＝ln(－a )＋1＝32，∴a ＝－ e. 综上所述，a ＝－ e.11．设函数f (x )＝a 2ln x －x 2＋ax ，a ＞0. (1)求f (x )的单调区间；(2)求所有的实数a ，使e －1≤f (x )≤e 2对x ∈[1，e]恒成立．(注：e 为自然对数的底数．)解析：(1)因为f (x )＝a 2ln x －x 2＋ax ，其中x ＞0， 所以f ′(x )＝a 2x －2x ＋a ＝－(x －a )(2x ＋a )x.由于a ＞0，所以f (x )的增区间为(0，a )，减区间为(a ，＋∞)． (2)由(1)知f (x )在[1，e]内单调递增， 要使e －1≤f (x )≤e 2对x ∈[1，e]恒成立． 只要⎩⎨⎧f (1)＝a －1≥e －1，f (e )＝a 2－e 2＋a e ≤e 2， 解得a ＝e.12．(能力提升)已知函数f (x )＝ax ＋x ln x ，且图象在点⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1e ，f ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1e 处的切线斜率为1(e 为自然对数的底数)．(1)求实数a 的值； (2)设g (x )＝f (x )－xx －1，求g (x )的单调区间； (3)当m >n >1(m ，n ∈Z )时，证明：mn n m >n m .解析：(1)f (x )＝ax ＋x ln x ，f ′(x )＝a ＋1＋ln x ，依题意f ′⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1e ＝a ＝1，所以a ＝1.(2)因为g (x )＝f (x )－x x －1＝x ln xx －1， 所以g ′(x )＝x －1－ln x(x －1)2.设φ(x )＝x －1－ln x ，则φ′(x )＝1－1x . 当x >1时，φ′(x )＝1－1x >0，φ(x )是增函数， 对∀x >1，φ(x )>φ(1)＝0，即当x >1时，g ′(x )>0， 故g (x )在(1，＋∞)上为增函数．当0<x <1时，φ′(x )＝1－1x <0，φ(x )是减函数，对∀x ∈(0,1)，φ(x )>φ(1)＝0，即当0<x <1时，g ′(x )>0，故g (x )在(0,1)上为增函数．所以g (x )的单调递增区间为(0,1)，(1，＋∞)．(3)要证mn n m>n m ，即证ln n m －ln m n >ln n －ln m ， 即n －1n ln m >m －1m ln n ，m ln m m －1>n ln n n －1.(*)因为m >n >1，由(2)知，g (m )>g (n )，故(*)式成立，所以mn n m >n m .[因材施教·学生备选练习]1．(2013年北京东城模拟)已知函数f (x )＝x ln x ，g (x )＝－x 2＋ax －3，其中a 为实数．(1)求函数f (x )在[t ，t ＋2]上的最小值；(2)对一切x ∈(0，＋∞)，2f (x )≥g (x )恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围． 解析：(1)由题知函数f (x )的定义域为(0，＋∞)，f ′(x )＝ln x ＋1， 当x ∈⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，1e 时，f ′(x )<0，故f (x )在⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，1e 上单调递减，当x ∈⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1e ，＋∞时，f ′(x )>0，故f (x )在⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1e ，＋∞上单调递增．①当0<t <t ＋2<1e 时，无解；②当0<t <1e <t ＋2，即0<t <1e 时，函数f (x )在[t ，t ＋2]上的最小值f (x )min ＝f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1e ＝－1e ；③当1e ≤t <t ＋2，即t ≥1e 时，f (x )在[t ，t ＋2]上单调递增，故函数f (x )在[t ，t ＋2]上的最小值f (x )min ＝f (t )＝t ln t .综上可知f (x )min ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－1e ，0<t <1e ，t ln t ，t ≥1e .(2)由题知2x ln x ≥－x 2＋ax －3，即a ≤2ln x ＋x ＋3x ，对一切x ∈(0，＋∞)恒成立．设h (x )＝2ln x ＋x ＋3x (x >0)，则h ′(x )＝(x ＋3)(x －1)x 2，当x ∈(0,1)时，h ′(x )<0，故h (x )在(0,1)上单调递减，当x ∈(1，＋∞)时，h ′(x )>0，故h (x )在(1，＋∞)上单调递增．所以h (x )在(0，＋∞)上有唯一极小值h (1)，即为最小值，所以h (x )min ＝h (1)＝4，因为对一切x ∈(0，＋∞)，a ≤h (x )恒成立，所以a ≤4.2．(2013年沈阳模拟)已知f (x )＝x ln x . (1)求g (x )＝f (x )＋kx (k ∈R )的单调区间；(2)证明：当x ≥1时，2x －e ≤f (x )恒成立． 解析：(1)g (x )＝ln x ＋kx ， ∴令g ′(x )＝x －kx 2＝0得x ＝k . ∵x >0，∴当k ≤0时，g ′(x )>0.∴函数g (x )的增区间为(0，＋∞)，无减区间； 当k >0时g ′(x )>0得x >k ；g ′(x )<0得0<x <k ，∴增区间为(k，＋∞)，减区间为(0，k)．(2)证明：设h(x)＝x ln x－2x＋e(x≥1)，令h′(x)＝ln x－1＝0得x＝e，列表分析函数h(x)的单调性如下：∴h(x)≥。
中考英语题组训练2 用所给单词的适当形式补全短文
题组训练2 用所给单词的适当形式补全短文用所给单词的适当形式补全短文，必要时可加助动词、情态动词或否定词。
(每空不多于三个单词)A[2017·乐山]One day a man bought a lot of coconuts(椰子) and put them all on his horse. He was moving them to his 1.________(friend) house. On the way, the man met a boy. “How long would it take to get to the house？” he asked the boy.“If you go 2.________(slow)，” the boy said, “you will get there very soon. But if you go fast, it will take you all day.”“What a funny reply！” said the man. He did not listen to the boy. He made his horse run as fast as possible. Some coconuts fell off. He had to stop 3.________(pick) them up. Then he made his horse run fast again. But the coconuts fell off again, and he 4.________(stop) again.He did this many 5.________(time), and it was night when he finally got to his friend's house.B[2018·原创]Once upon a time, a girl and a boy were playing together and found a secret laboratory by accident. They 1.________(enter) and found a mysterious machine. They pressed a button(按钮) and the machine 2.________(turn) the boy into the size of a marble(弹珠). The children tried 3.________(stop) this action, but couldn't do it, and couldn't find anyone to help.The girl picked up her friend and 4.________(put) him in her backpack to take him home. The backpack was very disorganized and full of all kinds of things, and the journey home 5.________(be) just terrible for the boy, who couldn't help but cry.When the girl tried to get him out of the bag, things were so jumbled(混乱的) that she 6.________(not find) him. After many tries, she decided 7.________(remove) every thing, one by one. Thanks to this way, she finally found her friend.Both children learnt the importance of 8.________(keep) things in order, even inside a backpack. The next day they went back to the laboratory, where a nice inventor managed to return the boy to his normal size.C[2017·昆明]In November 1979, pupils in England 1.________(be) able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the 2.________(one) time. However, this story is not new to Chinese children. The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West.The Monkey King is not just any 3.________(normally) monkey. In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! This is because he can make seventy-two 4.________(change) to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. But unless he can hide his tail, he 5.________(can) turn himself into a man. To 6.________(fight) bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. Sometimes 7.________(him) can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.8.________(at) other times, he is able to make it big and long.The Monkey King 9.________(excite) the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in 10.________(read) this story, because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up.DBridges are built for many reasons. Some bridges are built so that cars can cross over rivers. Others are 1.________(make)for trains to use. In Washington State, there is a very unusual bridge. It was built for squirrels(松鼠)．The town of Longview 2.________(have) a very busy street. Many cars pass it every day. When squirrels tried to cross the street, they 3.________(kill). Amos Peters wanted 4.________(protect) these small and lovely animals, so he built a bridge for them—one that would let them 5.________(pass) above the traffic.The bridge 6.________(be) a symbol of the town for over 40 years since then. And every Christmas, the local people7.________(add) a small Christmas tree to the center of the bridge. How lovely!A few years ago, the local people 8.________(create) a squirrel festival and they raised money 9.________(build) two more bridges for these lovely animals. For years, because of the bridges, the squirrels in the town have been able 10.________(cross) safely from one side of the street to the other.E[2018·原创]Winter is cold. People live in warm houses. What do animals do? Animals are smart. They do many 1.________(difference) amazing things to get through the winter. Some of them “migrate(迁徙)”. This means they travel to other 2.________(place) where the weather is warmer or where they can find food.Many birds migrate in autumn. Because the trip can be 3.________(danger), some travel in large groups. Many fish migrate. They may swim south, or move into deeper and 4.________(warm) water. Insects also migrate. Insects like earthworms move downward into the soil and some as far as six feet below the surface.Some animals remain active in winter. They must fit the changing weather. Many make changes in their 5.________(behave) or bodies. 6.________(keep) warm, animals may grow new and thicker fur in the fall. Some animals begin to collect their winter food in autumn. When it's very cold, they stay inside their homes. They can 7.________(eat) the food they collect in autumn. Squirrels collect seeds and nuts. They are safe and warm in their 8.________(home) in winter.Some animals hibernate(冬眠) for part or all of the winter. This is a special very deep sleep. The tem-perature of the animals' bodies 9.________(drop) and its heartbeat and breath slow down. It uses very little energy. In autumn, these animals get ready for the winter by 10.________(eat) much food and storing it as body fat. They use this fat for energy while hibernating. Some also store food like nuts to eat later in winter.F[2017·潍坊]In my life, a person who has influenced me most is my father. He is a model for me. Now I'll tell you about his story. My father is in his 1.________(fifty). He never smokes or drinks. He 2.________(work) in a local factory for years. You will not find anything 3.________(usual) about him until you learn more. He works 4.________(care) all the time, so he 5.________(respect) by his colleagues. My father has always been kind and helpful. He has fun 6.________(talk) with old people. He gave our TV to a family who could not afford one. He cares for the children who have lost their parents. Whenever he has some money left, he 7.________(give) it to someone in need.My father has donated blood many times since we 8.________(move) here. The blood he has donated is much enough 9.________(save) over 70 lives. He has donated blood cells to people with blood cancer. To my surprise, he has decided to donate his body for medical research after his 10.________(die)．When I was a little girl, I could not understand why my father always seemed to be 11.________(kind) to others than to his own family and why he thinks of others more than 12.________(he). Now I realize that he owns a heart full of love.GLike most Chinese, Mr. Zhang has a traditional family. Both he and his wife 1.________(be) middle school teachers while their 7-year-old son is a pupil. Mr. Zhang's mother lives with them and helps 2.________(look) after the kid. They love each other and live a happy life.Yesterday was Mr. Zhang's mother's birthday. The couple wanted to do something 3.________(show) their love to her. After a big dinner, Mr. Zhang 4.________(bring) a basin(盆) of warm water and asked his mother to sit in front of the basin. He took off her shoes and put her 5.________(foot) into the water. After that he began to wash them 6.________(careful). His wife helped to comb(梳) his mother's hair slowly. Seeing this, the boy followed his mother's example. He tried to comb his mother's hair, too. But he was not tall enough to do that. So he got a chair and stood on it. Everyone could feel the 7.________(warm) and love in the family.As we all know, respecting the old and 8.________(take) care of the young is a good Chinese tradition. We should try our best 9.________(care) for our family. We should 10.________(visit) our parents as often as possible and spend time with them even though we may work far away. Indeed, family is a place for happiness.参考答案A【主旨大意】本文讲述了一个故事。
高考数学总复习提素能高效题组训练2-2
[命题报告·教师用书独具]1．(2013年郑州模拟)函数f (x )＝2x －1log 3x 的定义域为( )A ．(0，＋∞)B ．(1，＋∞)C ．(0,1)D ．(0,1)∪(1，＋∞)解析：由log 3 x ≠0得x >0且x ≠1，因此，函数f (x )＝2x －1log 3x 的定义域是(0,1)∪(1，＋∞)，选D.答案：D2．(2013年长沙模拟)下列函数中，值域是(0，＋∞)的是( ) A ．y ＝x 2－2x ＋1 B ．y ＝x ＋2x ＋1(x ∈(0，＋∞)) C ．y ＝1x 2＋2x ＋1(x ∈N )D ．y ＝1|x ＋1|解析：A 项值域为y ≥0，B 项值域为y ＞1，C 项中x ∈N ，故y 值不连续，只有D 项y >0正确．答案：D 3．函数y ＝2x －1的定义域是(－∞，1)∪[2,5)，则其值域是( ) A ．(－∞，0)∪⎝ ⎛⎦⎥⎤12，2B ．(－∞，2] C.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－∞，12∪[2，＋∞) D ．(0，＋∞)解析：∵x ∈(－∞，1)∪[2,5)， 则x －1∈(－∞，0)∪[1,4)． ∴2x －1∈(－∞，0)∪⎝ ⎛⎦⎥⎤12，2.答案：A4．(2013年天津河西模拟)已知函数f (x )的定义域为R ，若存在常数m >0，对任意x ∈R ，有|f (x )|≤m |x |，则称f (x )为F 函数．给出下列函数：①f (x )＝x 2；②f (x )＝sin x ＋cos x ；③f (x )＝xx 2＋x ＋1；④f (x )是定义在R 上的奇函数，且满足对一切实数x 1，x 2均有|f (x 1)－f (x 2)|≤2|x 1－x 2|.其中是F 函数的序号为( )A ．②④B ．①③C ．③④D ．①②解析：据F 函数的定义可知，由于|f (x )|≤m |x |⇒|f (x )||x |≤m ，即只需函数|f (x )||x |存在最大值，函数即为F 函数．易知①②不符合条件；对于③，|f (x )||x |＝1x 2＋x ＋1＝1⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x ＋122＋34≤43，为F 函数；对于④，据题意令x 1＝x ，x 2＝0，由于函数为奇函数，故有f (0)＝0，则有|f (x )－f (0)|≤2|x －0|⇔|f (x )|≤2|x |，故为F 函数．综上可知③④符合条件．答案：C 5．若函数f (x )＝1log 3(2x ＋c )的定义域为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12，1∪(1，＋∞)，则实数c 的值等于( )A ．1B ．－1C ．－2D ．－12解析：由2x ＋c >0且log 3(2x ＋c )≠0， 得x >－c2且x ≠1－c 2.又f (x )的定义域为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12，1∪(1，＋∞)，∴1－c2＝1.∴c ＝－1. 答案：B 二、填空题6．(2013年东莞模拟)函数y ＝x －1x ＋1(x >0)的值域是________． 解析：y ＝x －1x ＋1＝x ＋1－2x ＋1＝1－2x ＋1，由于x >0，所以x ＋1>1,0<2x ＋1<2，－2<－2x ＋1<0，于是－1<1－2x ＋1<1，故函数值域为(－1,1)． 答案：(－1,1)7．(2013年石家庄模拟)函数y ＝log 2(x －x 2)的定义域为________． 解析：由题意可知x －x 2>0，∴x 2－x <0，∴0<x <1，故函数y ＝log 2(x －x 2)的定义域为(0,1)．答案：(0,1)8．(2013年合肥模拟)若函数f (x )＝2x 2＋2ax －a －1的定义域为R ，则a 的取值范围为________．解析：函数f (x )的定义域为R ，所以2x 2＋2ax －a －1≥0对x ∈R 恒成立，即2x 2＋2ax －a ≥1，x 2＋2ax －a ≥0，恒成立，因此有Δ＝(2a )2＋4a ≤0，解得－1≤a ≤0. 答案：[－1,0]9．(2013年海口模拟)在实数的原有运算中，我们定义新运算“⊕”如下：当a ≥b 时，a ⊕b ＝a ；当a <b 时，a ⊕b ＝b 2.设函数f (x )＝(1⊕x )x －(2⊕x )，x ∈[－2,2]，则函数f (x )的值域为________．解析：由题意知f (x )＝⎩⎨⎧x －2，x ∈[－2，1]，x 3－2，x ∈(1，2]，当x ∈[－2,1]时，f (x )∈[－4，－1]； 当x ∈(1,2]时，f (x )∈(－1,6]； ∴当x ∈[－2,2]时，f (x )∈[－4,6]． 答案：[－4,6] 三、解答题10．已知f (x )是二次函数，若f (0)＝0，且f (x ＋1)＝f (x )＋x ＋1. (1)求函数f (x )的解析式； (2)求函数y ＝f (x 2－2)的值域． 解析：(1)设f (x )＝ax 2＋bx ＋c (a ≠0)， 又f (0)＝0，∴c ＝0，即f (x )＝ax 2＋bx . 又f (x ＋1)＝f (x )＋x ＋1.∴a (x ＋1)2＋b (x ＋1)＝ax 2＋bx ＋x ＋1. ∴(2a ＋b )x ＋a ＋b ＝(b ＋1)x ＋1， ∴⎩⎨⎧2a ＋b ＝b ＋1，a ＋b ＝1，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＝12，b ＝12.∴f (x )＝12x 2＋12x . (2)由(1)知y ＝f (x 2－2) ＝12(x 2－2)2＋12(x 2－2)＝12(x 4－3x 2＋2)＝12⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x 2－322－18，当x 2＝32时，y 取最小值－18.∴函数y ＝f (x 2－2)的值域为⎣⎢⎡⎭⎪⎫－18，＋∞.11．已知函数f (x )＝lg(x 2－mx ＋1)． (1)若此函数的定义域为R ，求m 的范围； (2)若此函数的值域为R ，求m 的范围．解析：(1)由条件知x 2－mx ＋1>0对x ∈R 恒成立， ∴Δ＝m 2－4<0， 即－2<m <2.(2)因为函数的值域为R ，结合图象可知g (x )＝x 2－mx ＋1与x 轴有交点，即满足Δ＝m 2－4≥0，即m ≥2或m ≤－2.12．(能力提升)已知函数f (x )＝x 2－4ax ＋2a ＋6(a ∈R )．(1)若函数的值域为[0，＋∞)，求a 的值；(2)若函数的值域为非负数，求函数g (a )＝2－a |a ＋3|的值域． 解析：(1)∵函数的值域为[0，＋∞)， ∴Δ＝16a 2－4(2a ＋6)＝0，∴2a 2－a －3＝0，即a ＝－1或a ＝32.(2)∵对一切x ∈R 函数值均为非负， ∴Δ＝16a 2－4(2a ＋6)＝8(2a 2－a －3)≤0. ∴－1≤a ≤32.∴a ＋3>0，∴g (a )＝2－a |a ＋3|＝－a 2－3a ＋2 ＝－⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a ＋322＋174⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a ∈⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－1，32.∵二次函数g (a )在⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－1，32上单调递减，∴g (32)≤g (a )≤g (－1)． 即－194≤g (a )≤4. ∴g (a )的值域为⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－194，4.[因材施教·学生备选练习]1．(2013年茂名模拟)函数y ＝x (x －1)－lg 1x 的定义域为( ) A ．{x |x >0} B ．{x |x ≥1} C ．{x |x ≥1或x <0}D ．{x |0<x ≤1}解析：要使函数有意义，则需⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x (x －1)≥0，1x >0，解得x ≥1，所以函数的定义域为{x |x ≥1}．答案：B2．(2013年宝鸡模拟)已知函数g (x )＝x ＋1，h (x )＝1x ＋3，x ∈(－3，a ]，其中a 为常数且a >0，令函数f (x )＝g (x )·h (x )．(1)求函数f (x )的表达式，并求其定义域； (2)当a ＝14时，求函数f (x )的值域． 解析：(1)∵f (x )＝g (x )·h (x )＝(x ＋1)1x ＋3＝x ＋1x ＋3∴f (x )＝x ＋1x ＋3，x ∈[0，a ]．(a >0)(2)函数f (x )的定义域为⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤0，14，令x ＋1＝t ，则x ＝(t －1)2，t ∈⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1，32，f (x )＝F (t )＝tt 2－2t ＋4＝1t ＋4t －2. ∵t ＝4t 时，t ＝±2∉⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1，32，又t ∈⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1，32时，t ＋4t 单调递减，F (t )单调递增， ∴F (t )∈⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤13，613.即函数f (x )的值域为⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤13，613.。
九年级培优训练题组2
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中国领先的高端教育连锁集团 22．已知抛物线 y = x + ( 2n − 1) x + n − 1 （ n 为常数） ．
2 2
（1）当该抛物线经过坐标原点，并且顶点在第四象限时，求出它所对应的函数关系式； （2）设 A 是（1）所确定的抛物线上位于 x 轴下方、且在对称轴左侧的一个动点，过点 A 作 x 轴的平行线，交 抛物线于另一点 D ，再做 AB ⊥ x 轴于 B ， DC ⊥ x 轴于 C ． ①当 BC = 1 时，求矩形 ABCD 的周长； ②试问矩形 ABCD 的周长是否存在最大值？如果存在，请求出这个最大值，并指出此时 A 点的坐标；如果不存 在，请说明理由．
k 的图像过直角三角形 AOB 斜边 AO 的中点 D ， 与直角边 AB 交于 C 点． 连结 OC ． 若 x
．
y A D C O B x
△ AOC 的面积等于 3，则反比例函数的解析式为
10．如图，在△ ABC 中，∠ CAB = 70 ，在同一平面内，将△ ABC 绕点 A 旋转到△ AB′C ′ 得位置，使得 CC ′
o
∥ AB 。则∠ BAB′ =
°．
11．如图，将两张长为 8，宽为 2 的矩形纸条交叉，使重叠部分是一个菱形，容易知道当两张 纸条垂直时，菱形的周长有最小值 8，那么菱形周长的最大值是 ．
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中国领先的高端教育连锁集团 12．如图，矩形 ABCD 中，由 8 个面积均为 1 的小正方形组成的 L 型模板如图放置，则矩 3 ；
B ． x3 − x = x 2 ；
C ． x3 ÷ x = x 2 ；
高三第二轮复习立体几何客观题组专题训练2
高三第二轮复习立体几何客观题组专题训练2一．选择题1．三条平行线所确定的平面的个数是A ．三个B ．两个C ．一个D ．一个或三个 2．空间交于一点的四条直线最多能够确定的平面的个数是 A ．4 B ．5 C ．6 D ．73．四条线段顺次首尾相接，它们所在的直线最多能够确定的平面的条数是 A ．4 B ．3 C ．2 D ．14．直线l 1∥l 2,l 1上取3点，l 2上取2点，由这五个点能确定的平面的个数是 A ．1 B ．3 C ．6 D ．95．空间三个平面两两相交，则它的交线的条数是 A ．1 B ．2 C ．3 D ．1或36．分别和两条异面直线平行的两条直线的位置关系是A ．一定平行B ．一定相交C ．一定异面D ．相交或异面7．正方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1中，异面直线CD 1和BC 1所成角的大小是 A ．45° B ．60° C ．90° D ．120°8．直线l 1∥l 2，a,b 与直线l 1和l 2都垂直，则a,b 的关系是A ．平行B ．相交C ．异面D ．平行，相交，异面都有可能 9．直线m,n 与异面直线a,b 相交于不同的四点，则m,n 的位置关系是 A ．平行 B ．相交 C ．垂直 D ．无公共点10．空间四边形ABCD 中，AC ⊥BD ，E ，F ，G ，H 分别是AB ，BC ，CD ，DA 的中点，则四边形EFGH 是A ．菱形B ．矩形C ．梯形D ．正方形11．a,b 是异面直线，a ⊂平面α，b ⊂平面β，α∩β＝c,则直线c A ．同时与a,b 相交 B ．至少和a,b 中的一条相交C ．至多和a,b 中的一条相交D ．与a,b 中的一条相交，一条平行12．正方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1中，表面的对角线与AD 1成60°的直线的条数有 A ．4 B ．6 C ．8 D ．1013．a,b 是异面直线，a ⊥b ，c 与a 成30°角，则c 与b 所成角的范畴是 A ．[60°,90°] B ．[30°,90°] C ．[60°,120°] D ．[30°,120°]14．空间四边形ABCD 的各边与两条对角线的长差不多上1，点P 在边AB 上移动，点Q 在CD 上移动，则点P 和Q 的最短距离是23432221． ． ． ．D C B A 15．正方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1中，E ，F 分别是AB ，BB 1的中点，则A 1E 与C 1F 所成角的余弦值是521522221D C B A ． ． ． 16．直线a 是平面α的斜线，b ⊂α,当a 与b 成60°的角，且b 与a 在α内的射影成45°时a 与α所成的角为A ．60°B ．45°C ．90°D ．135° 17．a,b 是两条异面直线，下列结论正确的是A ．过不在a,b 上的任一点，可作一个平面与a,b 都平行B ．过不在a,b 上的任一点，可作一条直线与a,b 都相交C ．过不在a,b 上的任一点，可作一条直线与a,b 都平行D ．过a 能够同时只能够作一个平面与b 平行18．直角三角形ABC 的斜边BC 在平面α内，顶点A 在平面α外，则ΔABC 的两条直角边在平面α内的射影与斜边所组成的图形只能是 A ．一条线段 B ．一个锐角三角形C ．一个钝角三角形D ．一条线段或一个钝角三角形 19．与空间四边形ABCD 四个顶点距离相等的平面的个数有 A ．1 B ．5 C ．6 D ．720．两条异面直线在同一平面内的射影是 A ．两条相交直线 B ．两条平行直线C ．一条直线及直线外一点D ．以上三种情形都有可能21．在矩形ABCD 中，AB ＝3，BC ＝4，PA ⊥平面ABCD 且PA ＝1，则P 到对角线DB 的距离是129515175132921． ． ． ．D C B A 22．已知直线a ∥平面α，a 与平面α相距4，平面α内直线b 与c 相距6，且a ∥b,同时相距5，则a 与c 相距565975975 或． ． 或． ．D C B A23．平面α的斜线与α所成的角是30°，则它和α内所有只是斜足的直线所成的角中，最大的角是 A ．30° B ．90° C ．150° D ．180°24．P 点在ΔABC 所在的平面外，O 点是P 点在平面ABC 内的射影，PA ，PB ，PC ，两两相互垂直，则O 是ΔABC 的A ．重心B ．内心C ．垂心D ．外心25．四面体ABCD 中，AB ＝AC ＝AD ，则A 在平面BCD 上的射影是ΔBCD 的 A ．重心 B ．内心 C ．垂心 D ．外心26．在ΔABC 中，AB ＝AC ＝5，BC ＝6，PA ⊥平面ABC ，PA ＝8，则P 到BC 的距离是5453525． ． ． ．D C B A27．P 点在ΔABC 所在的平面外，O 点是P 点在平面ABC 内的射影，P 到ΔABC 三边的距离相等，且O 在ΔABC 内，则O 是ΔABC 的A ．重心B ．内心C ．垂心D ．外心28．P 为平行四边形ABCD 所在平面外的一点，且P 到四边形ABCD 的四条边的距离相等，则四边形ABCD 是A ．正方形B ．菱形C ．矩形D ．一样的平行四边形 29．与两相交平面的交线平行的直线和这两个平面的位置关系是 A ．都平行 B ．都相交C ．在两个平面内D ．至少和其中一个平行 30．在直角坐标系中，设A （3，2）B （-2，-3），沿y 轴把直角坐标系平面折成120°的二面角后，AB 的长度是11232246． ． ． ．D C B A31．一个山坡面与水平面成60°的二面角，坡脚的水平线为AB ，甲沿山坡自P 朝垂直于AB 的方向走30米，同时乙沿水平面自Q 朝垂直于AB 的方向走30米，P ，Q 差不多上AB 上的点，若PQ ＝10米，则这时两人之间的距离是米．米 ．米 ． 米 ．19103301010720D C B A32．二面角α—a —β的平面角为120°，在面α内，AB ⊥a 于B ，AB=2，在β内CD ⊥a 于D ，CD ＝3，BD ＝1，M 是棱a 上的一个动点，则AM ＋CM 的最小值是62262252． ． ． ．D C B A33．ABCD 是正方形，以BD 为棱把它折成直二面角A －BD －C ，E 是CD 的中点，则∠AED 的大小为A ．45°B ．30°C ．60°D ．90°34．P 是ΔABC 外的一点，PA ，PB ，PC 两两相互垂直，PA ＝1，PB ＝2，PC ＝3，则ΔABC 的面积为4496112729． ． ． ．D C B A 35．在ΔABC 中，AB ＝9，AC ＝15，∠BAC ＝120°，P 是ΔABC 所在平面外的一点，P 到三点间的距离差不多上14，则P 到ΔABC 所在平面的距离是 A ．7 B ．9 C ．11 D1336．过正方形ABCD 的顶点A 作PA ⊥平面ABCD ，若PA=AB ，则平面APB 与平面CDP 所成二面角的度数是A ．90°B 。
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题组训练二
(时间：45分钟分值：45分)
一、选择题(共10小题，每小题2分，计20分．每小题只有一个选项是符合题意的)
1. 下列有关物态变化的说法正确的是()
A. 冰凌的形成过程需要吸收热量
B. 雪屋变小要放出热量
C. 烧水时壶嘴上方的“白气”是液化现象
D. 冬季在汽车表面形成的霜是升华现象
2. 兴庆公园位于古都西安城墙外东南角的咸宁路上，该公园是我国最古老的历史文化遗址公园．关于公园里的现象，下列说法正确的是()
A. 翠绿树木下的树荫是光的反射形成的
B. 清澈的湖水中能看到亭台倒影是因为光的折射
C. 能从不同的角度看荷花是由于光在其表面发生了镜面反射
D. 游人摄影用的照相机利用的是凸透镜成倒立缩小的实像的原理
3. 电子琴又称电子键盘，音量可以自由调节，还可模仿多种乐器．以下说法正确的是()
A. 电子琴发出的声音不是由振动产生的
B. 调节音量改变了声音的音调
C. 电子琴主要模仿的是其他乐器的响度
D. 深夜禁止练琴是在声源处减弱噪声
4. 下列说法中正确的是()
A. 核能是可再生能源，应大力发展核电
B. 原子核由质子和电子组成
C. 按物质的尺度由大到小可排列为太阳系、地球、月球、原子、分子、电子
D. 天然气的热值是4.4×107 J/kg，表示1 kg天然气完全燃烧时放出的热量是4.4×107 J
5. 数十年来，科学家一直希望制造集飞机、运载器、航天器等多重功能于一身的空天飞机，这种飞机使用超音速冲压喷气发动机．与火箭不同的是这种发动机可直接使用空气中的氧气，因而不用自身携带氧气，有效降低了机身重量．关于空天飞机，下列说法正确的是()
A. 若空天飞机在运动中所受的一切外力都消失，飞机会立即停止运动
B. 空天飞机是利用电磁波与地面指挥中心联系的
C. 以地球为参照物，在太空中飞行的空天飞机是静止的
D. 空天飞机加速上升时受到的推力和空天飞机的重力是一对平衡力
6. 以下做法符合安全用电原则的是()
A. 只要不触碰到电线，湿手操作用电器是安全的
B. 家庭电路中开关跳闸后，先闭合开关再检修
C. 家庭电路中开关一定要接在火线上
D. 发生触电事故时，要先救人再切断电源
7. 小明学习物理知识后，对生活中的一些知识进行了思考，下列说法错误
．．的是()
A. 自行车把手相当于省力杠杆
B. 赛车设计为流线型是为了减小行驶时的阻力
C. 搓手取暖是通过热传递的方式改变手的内能
D. 高压锅利用增大气压来提高水的沸点
8. (2019陕西黑马卷)在安装宽带时，工人师傅用如图所示的剥线钳剥网线的绝缘皮，有关剥线钳里面含有的力学知识下列说法正确的是()
第8题图
A. 用力握钳把时弹簧的弹性势能增大
B. 剥线钳裁线口做得很薄是为了减小压强
C. 剥线钳把手上的橡胶皮是导体
D. 剥线钳把手上的橡胶皮上有花纹是为了减小摩擦
9. (2019陕西黑马卷)如图所示，闭合开关，将滑动变阻器的滑片P向右移动时，弹簧测力计的示数变小．则下列分析正确的是()
第9题图
A. 电磁铁的上端为S极
B. 电源左端为“＋”极
C. 若滑片P不动，抽去电磁铁铁芯，弹簧测力计的示数增大
D. 断开开关，弹簧测力计的示数为零
10. 如图所示，闭合开关S，当滑动变阻器滑片P从A向B滑动过程中，下列关于电路的说法正确的是()
第10题图
A. 小灯泡与滑动变阻器是并联的
B. 电流表、电压表的示数都减小，总功率也减小
C. 电流表示数增大电压表示数减小，小灯泡功率减小
D. 当电流表无示数，电压表示数接近电源电压，此时故障原因可能是滑动变阻器断路
二、填空与作图题(共8小题，计25分)
11. (3分)科学家将超轻的碳纳米管导电薄膜缠绕在橡胶芯上形成多级褶皱结构，使弹性导线拉伸过程中导电层的总长度几乎不发生变化，实现了拉伸过程中稳定的电学性能．以往的电阻丝没有这种优良性能是因为电阻的大小与导体的材料、横截面积和________有关．通过上述描述可知碳纳米管具有较好的________性，在拉伸过程中导线的质量________(选填“变大”“不变”或“变小”)．
12. (3分)我们常说“铁比木头重”是指铁的________比木头大，冬天里，户外装有水的水缸常会出现破裂是因为水缸里的水结成冰后，其体积________，密度________(选填“变大”“变小”或“不变”)．
13. (3分)为控制大气污染，我国现在鼓励使用甲醇汽油，甲醇汽油在内燃机内燃烧时将化学能转化为________能，给内燃机冷却降温的主要物质是水，是因为水的________较大，在给内燃机降温的过程中，水的温度升高，内能________(选填“增大”“减小”或“不变”)．
14. (2分)如图所示，来自物体A的光线经过眼睛的晶状体成像在视网膜后面的B点．要使B 点的像靠近视网膜，A点应该向________移动(选填“左”或“右”)；或戴一个合适的________透镜做成的眼镜也能使A点的像成在视网膜上．
第14题图
15. (4分)小明制作了一个会“发光的二极管”，其简化电路图如图所示．二极管具有单向导电性，电流只能从二极管的正极流入，负极流出．左右摇动塑料管，这时会看见两只发光二极管轮流发光．制作发光二极管的主要材料是________体，该装置发电的原理是________，线圈中电流的方向是________(选填“变化”或“不变”)的，此过程中将________能转化为电能．
第15题图
16. (3分)《舌尖上的中国》第三季展示了中国厨房的传统色彩：土陶水缸和葫芦水瓢，如图所示，一只葫芦水瓢质量为0.1 kg，当它漂浮在水面上时受到的浮力是________N，用水瓢取出一瓢水后，水对水缸底部的压强________，将盛水的葫芦瓢缓慢放入水缸中，使其仍然
漂浮，它所受的浮力________(后两空均选填“变大”“变小”或“不变”)．(g取10 N/kg)
第16题图
17. (3分)如图所示，重为700 N的工人用450 N拉力将重为800 N的重物匀速提升10 m，他做的有用功是________J，该滑轮组的机械效率是________(百分号前保留一位小数)，写出提高滑轮组机械效率的方法________________________．
第17题图
18. (4分)(1)如图－1所示，SO是斜射向水面的一束光，在水面处发生反射和折射．请画出反射光线和折射光线的大致方向．
第18题图－1
(2)如图－2，甲是一个相架，从侧面看相架相当于一个杠杆，乙为其结构简图，O点为支点，A点为其重心，请画出支撑杆对相框的力F1及其力臂L1.
第18题图－2
参考答案及解析
题组训练二
评分说明：选择题每小题2分，共20分
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. B 【解析】分析电路图可知，小灯泡与滑动变阻器串联，A 错误；闭合开关S ，当滑动变阻器滑片P 从A 向B 滑动过程中，滑动变阻器的阻值增大，因此电流减小，灯泡两端的电压也减小，因为总电流减小，总电压不变，根据P ＝UI 可知，总功率也减小，B 正确、C 错误；当电压表示数接近电源电压，电流表无示数时，电路故障可能为小灯泡断路，D 错误．故选B.
评分说明：填空题每空1分，作图题每图2分，共25分
11. 长度 导电 不变
12. 密度 变大 变小
13. 内 比热容 增大
14. 左 凸 【解析】来自A 的光线经过眼睛的晶状体成像在视网膜的后面，说明是远视眼；要使像靠近视网膜，物体应远离眼睛即向左移动；远视眼戴凸透镜进行矫正．
15. 半导 电磁感应 变化 机械
16. 1 变小 变大 【解析】 葫芦水瓢漂浮时，浮力等于重力即F 浮＝G ＝mg ＝0.1 kg ×10 N/kg ＝1 N ；用水瓢取出一瓢水后，水的深度减小，所以水对水缸底部的压强变小；当将盛水的葫芦瓢放入水缸中但仍然漂浮时，浮力等于重力，自身重力变大，所以它所受到的浮力变大．
17. 8 000 88.9% 增大所提升重物的重力(或用质量更小的动滑轮) 【解析】物重G ＝800 N ，物体被提升高度：h ＝10 m ，工人所做的有用功：W 有用＝Gh ＝800 N ×10 m ＝8 000 J ；由图可知，s ＝2h ＝2×10 m ＝20 m ．总功：W 总＝Fs ＝450 N ×20 m ＝9 000 J ，滑轮组的机械效
率：η＝W 有用W 总×100%＝8 000 J 9 000 J ×100%≈88.9%；由η＝W 有用W 总×100%＝W 有用W 有用＋W 额外
×100%可知，
减小动滑轮的质量或减小摩擦从而减小额外功或增大物重从而增大有用功，可以提高滑轮组的机械效率．
18. (1)如答图－1所示
第18题答图－1
(2)如答图－2所示
第18题答图－2。