主谓一致讲解及练习附答案

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主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)

主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)

主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

1、语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

Tom is a good student。

汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2、意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。

My family are having lunch now。

我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book。

这本书20美元太贵了。

3、就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk。

课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型1、单数名词(代词)/不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式;复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。

The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。

Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。

The students are playing football on the playground。

这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2、“a great/ good many+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

但“many a+名词”作主语,意义虽为“许多",但谓语要用单数形式.Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

【英语】初中英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析

【英语】初中英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析

【英语】初中英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、主谓一致1.Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving.A.ride B.rode C.rides D.will ride【答案】C【解析】考查点:一般现在时的用法。

解题思路:every day意为“每天”,表示经常性,习惯性的动作,故该句子要使用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,故答案选C;选项B、D时态错误;2.—What kind of movies do you prefer?—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives【答案】A【解析】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。

此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。

3.(用在否定句中)也,而且;根本If you don't go, I won't either. 你如不去,我也不去。

It won't do them any good, but it won't do them any harm either. 这对他们没有好处,但也没有坏处。

4.(两者之中)任何一个I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。

连接词 conj.5.(两者之中)每一方的;每一的She studied history and philosophy, but she had little interest in either subject. 她学过历史和哲学,但对这两门课都没有多少兴趣。

主谓一致讲解与练习答案

主谓一致讲解与练习答案

主谓一致主谓一致命题趋势与预测根据对主谓一致部分全国各地试题的分析可知;今后该部分将是重点考查点之一..其考查重点为:1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则谓语受主语支配;须和主语在人称和数上保持一致;这叫做主谓一致..主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近一致原则..在英语中;谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致;叫做主谓一致..通常采用下列三个原则来处理;即:语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近或毗邻一致的原则..一、语法形式一致的原则即在语法形式上取得一致..如:主语为单数形式;谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式;谓语动词也采用复数形式..但须注意下列几种情况:1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时;谓语动词用单数..例句:What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉..How you can get there is a problem. 你怎么到那儿去还是个问题..注意:由what引导的主语从句;后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式..但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时;主句的谓语动词用复数 ..例如:What I bought were three English books.我买的是三本英语书..What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师..考例As the saying ________;"Where there is a will; there is a way. "昆明市A. goB. goesC. goingD. went答案B.解析the saying为第三人称单数形式;所以谓语动词用goes..2、由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时;谓语用复数..例句:Swimming and walking are good exercises.游泳和散步都是好运动..Both John and Ann have got pen-friends.约翰和安都有笔友..1并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时;谓语动词用单数形式这时and后的名词前没有冠词..例如:The manager and secretary was absent at the meeting.经理兼书记没有出席会议..Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.他们的老师和朋友是李先生..2由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no; each; every或many a ;more than one修饰时;其谓语动词用单数形式..例如:Each man and each woman is asked to help. 每个男士和妇女都被请来帮忙..Many a student is having practice in that factory. 许多学生正在那家工厂实习..More than one student is interested in the book.不止一个学生对这本书感兴趣..注意在“more than one+单数名词”作主语时;若在There be句型中;亦可用复数..例如:There is/are more than one man here. 这儿不止一个人..考例Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. 陕西省A. is plantedB. was plantedC. are plantedD. were planted解析every year说明本句表示一般现在时的概念;去掉B、D项;trees and flowers表达复数意义;答案:C3、如果主语是单数;尽管后面跟有together with;as well as; like; but;except; besides;including;no lessthan;rather than;as much as;more than;along with;in addition to等介词短语;其谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数;则谓语动词也用复数..例如:An English teacher together with some students has climbed to the top of the mountain.Mary as well as her friends likes this painting.玛丽和她的朋友都喜欢这幅画..No one except my close friends knows anything about this matter.除了我的亲密朋友谁也不知道这件事..She; like you and Tom; is very tall.像你和汤姆那样她很高..4、不定代词each; either; neither 和由some; any; no; every 构成的复合代词作主语时;谓语动词用单数..例如:Each of us takes a cup of coffee.我们每人喝一杯咖啡..Everyone knows smoking cigarettes is bad for health.大家都知道吸烟不利于身体健康..5.不定代词none 以及由"none of+复数合词或代词"构成的短语作主语时;谓语用单复数均可..例如:Neither of them have replied. 他们两个谁也没有答复..Neither of them has replied. 他们两个谁也没有答复..6、在定语从句中;关系代词that;who;which等作主语时;其谓语动词的数;应与句中先行词的数一致..例如:The horse which is tied to the tree belongs to John.拴在树上的那匹马是约翰的..Those who want to go on a journey please sign your name here.要去旅游的请把名字签在这儿..注意在以“one of the+复数名词”为先行词的定语从句中;关系代词作主语时;谓语动词用复数;但如果“one of the+复数名词”这个结构前有the only之类的修饰语时;其从句的谓语动词用单数..例如:This is one of the questions that have been asked by the students.这是学生提出的许多问题的一个..He is the only one of the officers who was invited to the ball here. 他是办公室唯一收到邀请的人..7、“a lot of lots o f; plenty of; a head of; heaps of; the restmajority of ;somemany;anymore;most; all等of++名词”构成的短语作主语时;其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词短语保持一致..例如:Most of the students in our class are league. 我们班上大多数学生是团员..Most of the food tastes delicious. 大多数食物味道很好..Lots of damage was caused by smoking.许多损害是由吸烟引起的..注意:1all单独作主语表示“人”时;谓语用复数;表示“整个事件或事情”时;谓语用单数..例句:All are present. 所有的人都出席了..表人All is well. 一切都好.. 表示整个事情或情况注意:2“a number of+复数名词”作主语时;谓语动词用复数形式;“The number of+复数名词”作主语时;谓语动词用单数形式..例如:A number of students in our class are out by the lake.我们班有些学生到湖边去了..The number of students in our school is 2500.我们学校的学生人数是2500名..考例Look There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. 2008包头A. are a number of deerB. are a number of deersC. is a number of deerD. is a number of deers答案:A..该题考查的是主谓一致..这个句子的主语是a number of deer; 是个复数概念;因此谓语动词应用复数形式..deer单复数相同8、由“分数或百分数+of +名词或代词”构成的短语作主语时;其谓语要与of后面的名词短语保持一致..例如:Two thirds of the country is dry or desert.这个国家的三分之二的地方气候干燥或者是沙漠地区..More than 70 percent of the surface of our earth is covered by water.地球70%的表面被水所覆盖..30 percent of the students in our class are girls.我们班的30%是女生..9、如果主语是由“a kind of; 或this/that kind of; a series a species of ;a pair of等+ 名词”构成谓语动词通常用单数形式..例如:This kind of men is dangerous.这种人是危险的..That kind of snake/snakes is dangerous. 那种蛇很危险..注意但"there/those kinds of+复数名词"作主语时;谓语动词要用复数..例句:There kinds of tests are good . 这种测试很好..Those kinds of apple trees have not yet grown up. 那种苹果树还没有长..二、逻辑意义一致原则即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义..常见的有以下几种情况:1、表示总称意义形单意复的名词;如people; police; cattle 等作主语时;只当作复数看待;谓语在任何情况下都用复数..例句:Cattle are one cause of the problem.造成戈壁滩的原因之一是牲畜问题..The police are searching for a murderer in that mountain.警察正在山中搜寻一名杀人犯..2、以集体名词army; class; enemy; family; government; group; team;crew;crowd;public等集体名词作主语时;谓语应视其情况而用不同形式:当作主语被看作一个整体时;谓语用单数;如果被看成是其中的个体成员时;谓语就用复数..例句:Our family is not poor any more. 我们家已经不再贫困了..My family all speak the Intuit language.我一家人都讲因努伊特语..注意population 单独使用作主语时;谓语动词用单数;而前面有some; most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时;则谓语动词用复数形式..例如:Most of the population of the city are workers.这个城市人口的大多数是工人..One third of the population now smoke.三分之一的人口在吸烟..The population in our country is very large; and eighty percent of the population are farmers.3、当一些有两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时;谓语动词通常用复数形式;如glasses; trousers裤子; shoes ;chopsticks筷子;goods货物;scissors剪刀;socks; compasses圆规;但如果这些名词前有a pair of;等量词修饰时;clothes被修饰a suit of;谓语动词一般用单数形式..例如:Your trousers need washing. 你的裤子该洗了..My glasses are new. 我的眼镜是新的..A pair of new shoes is in your suitcase.一双新鞋在你的手提箱里..Two pairs of socks are enough for me. 对我来说;两双袜子就足够了..4、由“pair; piece of +名词/ 代词”作主语时;谓语动词与pair; piece等词保持一致与后的代词、名词无关..例如:There is a pair of shoes left.只剩下一双鞋..The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple.所有石块被运到新建寺庙的地方..5、当表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值等数词短语作主语;根据意义一致原则;通常被看作一个整体;其谓语用单数..考例---How much ________the shoes ---Five dollars_________ enough.2007年青岛市A.is;is B are;is C.are;are D.is;are答案B .解析答案为B..shoes作主语时;谓语动词应用复数形式;five dollars是一个整体;应按单数对待..考例How time flies Ten years ________ passed. 2004天津A. haveB. hasC. isD. are答案:B..该题考查的是主谓一致..Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体;谓语动词用单数形式..6.某些形复意单的名词如表示人名、地名、国名及组织、书籍、报刊等名称的专有名词和学科名词等作主语;谓语用单数..例句:Physics is a difficult subject to learn; I think. 我想;物理是一门难学的目..The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲..7、如果主语由“the+形容词分词”担任时;往往根据意义一致原则;来决定谓语动词的单、复数形式..如果表示一类人时;谓语动用复数形式;如果指个人或抽象概念时;则谓语动词用单数形式..例如:The old is taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家老人受到很好的照顾..The sick is one of the students in our class. 那位病人是我们班的一个学生..8、名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况;一般只指商店、公共建筑物、住宅等;作主语时;谓语一般用单数..例如:The baker's is on the side of the street.理发馆在街道的另一边..My uncle's is not very far from here.我叔叔的家离这儿不太远..9、数词作主语时;谓语用单数;但有四则运算中;谓语单、复数均可..例如:Ten times five is / are fifty. 十乘五等于五十..Three hundred and forty plus six hundred and sixty is / are one thousand.340 加660等于1000..10.疑问代词who; what; which作主语时;谓语动词的形式取决于它产本身的含义..例如:Which is your room 哪一间是你的房子Which are your rooms 哪几间是你的房子11、表示数量的短语“one and a half+名词复数”及“a+单数名词+and+a half”作主语时;谓语用单数..例句:One and a half oranges has been left on the table. 桌子上只剩下一个半桔了..A month and a half has passed. 一个半月时间过去了..三、就近一致原则即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定;又称为毗邻一致原则..例如:1、当or;either...or; neither...nor; not only...but also...;not...but....;whether...or...等连接两个并列主语时;谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词..例句:Either you or Lily is to do the cleaning after supper. 不是该你;就是该莉莉在晚饭后打扫卫生..Not only the mother but also the children were there.不但母亲在那里;而且孩子们也在那里..考例Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.临沂市A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited答案B .解析本题既考查时态;又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法..由时间状语since they came to China;可判断用现在完成时;排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时;谓语动词要用“就近原则..考例Neither Jim nor his cousins ____to America; but ___of them know the country very well. 07年潍坊市A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both 答案B.解析考查neither...nor的用法;以及both与all的区别..neither…nor连接两个主语时;谓语用“就近原则”;cousins是复数;谓语用have been;排除C和D项;指两者用both..2、在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起;而主语又不止一个;谓语动词往往与最邻近的主语保持一致..例如:There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌;一张桌子和三把椅子.考例--There__________ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me; Dick--All right; Mum. 福州市A. isB. areC. wasD. were答案A.解析本题考查"there be”句型中be的数及时态;be在数上要与最近的主语保持一致.句子的主语是不可数名词;所以be应使用单数形式;B、D两项可以排除..语法过关1.How time flies Ten years ________ passed.A. haveB. hasC. isD. are2.Not only his parents but also his brother ________ to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back.A. have beenB. have goneC. has beenD. has gone3.Neither my father ________ going to see the patient.A. nor I amB. nor I areC. or me areD. or me is4.Look There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. 2004包头A. are a number of deerB. are a number of deersC. is a number of deerD. is a number of deers 5.The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty.A. student; isB. the students; areC. the students; isD. students; are6.The number of the students in our class _____ 54.A. isB. areC. hasD. have7.Not only I but also Jane and Mary________ tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be8.A library with five thousand books ____to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered9.When and where to build the new factory _________yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided 10.The number of people invited __fifty; but a number of them ______absent for different reasons.A.were;was B.was; was C.was;were D.were.were11.Between the two buildings __________a monument.A.is standing B.standing C.stands D.stand12.Many a student ___that mistake before.A.had made B.has been made C.have made D.has made13.None of the money ____his.A.is B.are C.belongs D.were14.About three—fifths of the work ________done yesterday.A.had B.was C.were D.have 15.Neither your sister nor mine _______the good news.Let's tell them.A.know B knows C.knew1. Either Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now.A. wereB. isC. wasD. are2. Two days _______enough for me to finish the work; I need a third day.A. isn’tB. isC. aren’tD. are3. —How many lessons do you usually have a day—Six lessons a day. And each of them _____45 minutes.A. lastB. lastsC. haveD. are4. Neither Liping nor I _______a basketball player.A. amB. isC. beD. are5. There ______ many new words in lesson one. It is very easy.A. isB. aren’tC. isn’tD. are6. The number of the students in our school ____1200.A. isB. areC. hasD. have7. Maths _______ my favourite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are8. The boy with the two dogs _____ when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleepingB. is sleepingC. was sleepingD. are asleep9. Everyone except Tom and John _____there when the meeting began.A. areB. isC. wereD. was10. That place is not interesting at all; ____of us wants to go there.A. NeitherB. BothC. AllD. Some11. Nobody but Jane _____ the secret.A. knowB. knowsC. have knowD. is12. —What’s on the plate Some eggs and cakes on it—There _____some eggs and cakes on it.A. isB. areC. wasD. were13. This pair of glasses ______mine.A. areB. beC. isD. will be14. Both Lily and Lucy ______ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited15. —Two months ______quite a long time.—Yes; I’m afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.A. isB. areC. wasD. were16. In the city the old _______.A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care ofD. are been taken good care of17. His family _____all very kind and friendly; His family ______a happy one.A. are; isB. is; isC. are; areD. is; are18. The singer and the dancer _____come to Beijing.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is19. The children in this class each _____new school bag.A. haveB. hasC. has gotD. are having20. All but one _____ here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were21. If Bob's wife won't agree to go on holiday in winter; .A. neither he willB. neither won't heC. neither will heD. he won't neither22. I haven't finished my homework yet.A. so has heB. Neither he hasC. He has tooD. He hasn't either23. “I'm going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow.” “.”A. I am soB. So am IC. So go ID. So I go24. You as well as he to blame责备for the accident交通事故.A. areB. isC. haveD. has25. Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to sing English songs.A. has beenB. isC. areD. am参考答案1.B.解析该题考查的是主谓一致..Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体;谓语动词用单数形式..2.D.解析该题考查的是主谓一致..如果由not only…but also连接两个并列主语;其谓语动词同相邻的主语保持一致;谓语动词应用单数形式..又因为他们还都没有回来;所以用has gone而不用has been.. 3.A.解析该题考查的是主谓一致..Neither…nor是一组连词;可连接连个并列主语;其谓语动词应同靠近的主语I保持一致; 因此应选A..4.A.解析该题考查的是主谓一致..这个句子的主语是a number of deer; 是个复数概念;因此谓语动词应用复数形式..deer单复数相同5.C.解析本题考查主谓一致的用法..the number of 后接复数名词;作主语时;其谓语动词用单数形式..故应选C..6.A.解析本题考查主谓一致的用法..the number of 后接复数名词;作主语时;其谓语动词用单数形式..故应选A..7.B..“不仅是我而且简和玛莉都已厌烦了一个接着一个的考试..”not only…需用到就近原则;but also之后又是两个人;是复数..故选B..8.A.解析“一座藏书量是5000册的图书馆作为礼物送给了那个国家..”要找出这句话的主说是a library还是books;根据主谓一致原则with后面的短语是修饰、补充主语的情况的;故主语应是a library;又因为此题是被动语态;因此选择A..9.A.解析“还未决定何时何地建设新工厂..”“两个并列连词+主语+谓语”作主语看作一个整体;谓语动词用单数;根据题意又应用被动语态;故选A..10.C.解析“邀请人的数目是50人;但是许多人由于各种原因都缺席了..”“the number of+复数名词”意为“……的数量”;作主语;谓语动词用单数;“a number of+复数名词”意为“许多”;作主语;谓语动词用复数..11.C.解析“一座纪念碑耸立在两楼之间..”倒装句的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致..12.D.解析“许多学生以前就犯过这种错误..”“many a”虽然表达复数概念;意为“许多”;但当它作主语时;谓语动词用单数..13.A.解析“钱都不属于他..”none作主语;谓语动词单复数都可;但这里的money为不可数名词;因此用单数形式为好;而belong to才是“属于”的意思;所以选A..14.B.解析“昨天做了大约3/5的工作..”主语含有分数;百分比等等;谓语动词要根据其后面的名词而定;是不可数名词和单数可数名词;谓语动词用单数;是复数名词;谓语动词用复数..15.B.解析句中的主语是your sister和mine;由并列连词neither…nor连在一起;所以谓语动词要与后一个主语mine相一致;这里mine指my sister..主谓一致练习题参考答案1.B2. A3. B4. A5.B6.A7.B8. C9. D 10. A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14. D 15.A16.B 17.A 18.B 19.A 20 D 21.C 22. D23. B 24. A 25. D。

(完整版)高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案).doc

(完整版)高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案).doc

(完整版)高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案).doc高考英语专题复习主谓一致(附答案)I.考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。

处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则:1.语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致。

例如,主语为单数形式,谓语动词也为单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式。

a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2.意义一致,即从意义着眼处理一致关系。

a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. (单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词,下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员 )b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词,下划线部分表示一个数目)3.邻近原则,即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。

a. A man of abilities are needed(.动词 are 不与主语 a man一致,而与其邻近的复形名词a bilities 形式上一致。

二、主谓一致注意要点:1.当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时,往往可根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语动词采取单数形式。

a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体,则要根据语法一致地原则,谓语动词用复数形式。

a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2.如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时,其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则:如所指为复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;如所指为单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式。

主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案

主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案

1 .主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。

英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近原则。

1.语法一致原则语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,如:Tom doesn ’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。

汤姆不喜欢游泳。

Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。

2.意义一致原则意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致,同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。

有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式,如:The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。

The news was exci ng. 这条消息令人振奋。

3.就近原则就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。

当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or either...or……, neither …nor nor……, not only …but also …, or 等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致,如:Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。

Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。

主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题,1.主语为集体名词(1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。

如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式,如:Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。

主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解

主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解

语法讲解:主谓一致在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

考点1:对语法一致原则的考查语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1. 主语是单数名词时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:His father is working on the farm.Two students are waiting for you in your office.The children were in the classroom two hours ago.考点2:对语法附加原则的考查主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,no less than,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。

如:Mr. Green,together with his wife and children,has come to China.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.Jack as well as his friends is ready to help you.She,like you and Tom,is very tall.考点3:对整体原则的考查主语从句、不定式短语、动名词短语以及表示时间、金钱、距离等量度的词作主语时,视为整体看待,谓语动词常用单数形式。

例如:To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is very important for us all.Five dollars is enough.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

主谓一致讲解及练习附答案

主谓一致讲解及练习附答案

主谓一致讲解及练习附答案Company number:【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】主谓一致【考纲说明】1)掌握主谓一致三大原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则2)学会分析句式,排除干扰,分清主谓,明了句子的主谓关系3)本专题以单项选择、单词拼写和词形转换的考查为主,分值为1—2分。

【知识梳理】一、定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

二、语法一致原则概念:即在谓语和主语在语法形式上取得一致。

如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。

但须注意下列几种情况:1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开始吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。

Reading is learning. 读书就是学习。

What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。

【注意】:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。

但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时,主句的谓语动词用复数。

What I bought is three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。

What I say and do are helpful for you. 我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。

2)由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。

John and Ann are good friends. 约翰和安都是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students。

.露西和莉莉都是学生。

主谓一致讲解及练习(有答案)

主谓一致讲解及练习(有答案)

主谓一致讲解及练习3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。

Chinese, Japanese, French, English 表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。

4. works (工厂),means (方法) series (系列), deer( 鹿), sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。

5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

如trousers,glasses, scissors, pants等。

如果这些词与a pair of, a couple of连用,动词的数与pair,couple的数保持-致。

6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs, taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings 作复数用,其后面的谓语动词要用复数。

7. news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

1.表示国家城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。

2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用,作主语时谓语动词用复数。

3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。

4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。

1.主语之后带有as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。

主谓一致练习题及答案

主谓一致练习题及答案

主谓一致练习题及答案主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它要求句子中的主语和谓语在数上保持一致。

以下是一些主谓一致的练习题及答案,帮助学生加深对这一语法点的理解。

练习题1:选择正确的谓语动词形式填空。

1. The team _______ (is/are) playing soccer.2. A number of students _______ (is/are) absent today.3. The number of students _______ (is/are) 30.答案:1. is2. are3. is解析:第一题中,"team" 是一个集体名词,作为主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

第二题中,"a number of" 表示许多,谓语动词用复数形式。

第三题中,"the number of" 表示数量,谓语动词用单数形式。

练习题2:用适当的形式填空。

1. Either the teacher or the students _______ (has/have) to attend the meeting.2. Neither the teacher nor the students _______ (has/have) finished their work.3. Not only the teacher but also the students _______(has/have) been invited.答案:1. has2. have3. have解析:在 "either...or..." 结构中,谓语动词与最近的主语一致,这里 "the students" 是复数,所以用 "have"。

"Neither...nor..." 和 "not only...but also..." 结构中,谓语动词与最近的主语一致,都是复数形式。

主谓一致讲解与练习测试(参考答案)

主谓一致讲解与练习测试(参考答案)

主谓一致【主谓一致命题趋势与预测】根据对主谓一致部分全国各地试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。

其考查重点为:1.语法一致的原则2.意义一致的原则3.邻近一致的原则谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

在英语中,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致,叫做主谓一致。

通常采用下列三个原则来处理,即:语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近(或毗邻)一致的原则。

一、语法形式一致的原则即在语法形式上取得一致。

如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。

但须注意下列几种情况:1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

例句:Whatyouneedmostistohaveagoodsleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。

Howyoucangetthereisaproblem.你怎么到那儿去还是个问题。

[注意:]由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。

但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时,主句的谓语动词用复数。

例如:WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.我买的是三本英语书。

Whatwebadlyneedhereareexperiencedteachers.我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。

【考例】Asthesaying________,"Wherethereisawill;thereisaway."[昆明市]A.goB.goesC.goingD.went[答案]B.[解析]thesaying为第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词用goes。

2、由and或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。

例句:Swimmingandwalkingaregoodexercises.游泳和散步都是好运动。

英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析

英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析

英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析一、主谓一致1.How your winter holiday?—It great. But I tired nowA.was, was, am B.is , was, wasC.is, is , am D.is, is , was【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:你寒假过得怎么样?--好极了。

但是我现在很累。

根据语境可知,第一个空用一般过去时态,主语是单数,谓语动词用was;其答语也是用一般过去时态,第二个空是一般现在时态,主语是I,谓语动词用am。

根据题意,故选A。

考点:考查be动词的用法。

2.It is reported that the population of China smaller in the past few months. The aging(老龄化) is a big problem. More parents are encouraged to give birth to more babies. A.became B.will become C.have become D.has become【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:据报道,中国人口在过去的几个月里已经变少了。

老龄化是一个大问题。

鼓励更多的父母生更多的孩子。

A. became变成,一般过去时态;B. will become 将变成,一般将来时;C. have become已经变成,现在完成时;D. has become已经变成,现在完成时,第三人称单数。

主语是the population,根据语境可知是现在完成时,其结构has done的形式。

根据句意,故选D。

3.In our class _____ of the students _____ girls.A.third fifths; is B.third fifth; are C.three fifth; is D.three fifths; are 【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:我们班五分之三的学生是女孩。

必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析

必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析

必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、主谓一致1.Mr Li, together with his children, the museum. They will be back this afternoon. A.have gone to B.have been toC.has been to D.has gone to【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意为:李先生和他的孩子去了博物馆。

他们将今天下午回来。

have been to表示去过某地,人已经回来;have gone to 表示去了某地,人未回来。

此外,这里主语为Mr Li,,属于第三人称单数,with his children为介词短语,表示伴随。

根据主谓一致原则,故应选D。

考点:考查主谓一致问题。

2.—________ more and more foreigners coming to our country to learn Chinese?—Of course. Because of the fast development, many foreign countries pay more attention to China.A.will there be B.will be there C.Are there going to have【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意“-会有越来越多的外国人来我们的国家学汉语吗?-当然,由于快速的发展,许多其他国家更加关注中国”。

本题考查there be用法。

there be句型不与have连用,排除C。

一般将来时为there will be,一般疑问句为will there be,故选A。

3.—Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese people in China?—I don’t think so. Now ______ the young ______ the old are learning to speak English. A.neither; nor B.either; or C.only; except D.not only; but also 【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意为:---外宾在中国与中国人交谈会有困难吗?---我认为没有。

主谓一致练习题含答案及解析

主谓一致练习题含答案及解析

主谓一致练习题含答案及解析一、主谓一致1.----Could you get me a piano, Mum?----There ________ enough room for one in our room. But we’ll try.A.is B.are C.isn’t D.aren’t【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:妈妈,你能给我买一架钢琴吗?——在我们的房间里没有足够的空间,但我们会尽力的。

room此处为不可数名词,空间的意思。

结合句意,答案为C。

考点:考查主谓一致。

2.Nowadays many new taxi apps(打车软件)_________ to help people travel around more easily.A.are used B.use C.used D.is used【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:现在很多新的打车软件被用来帮助人们更方便地旅行。

are used被用来;use使用;used过去式;is used被用来。

根据句意可知,主语many new taxi apps与动词构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数的,故应选A。

3.—What kind of movies do you prefer?—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives【答案】A【解析】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。

此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。

4.There __________ still some apple juice in the fridge. It’s not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.A.was B.were C.is D.are【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:冰箱里还有一些苹果汁。

【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析

【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析

【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、主谓一致1.The plan they are talking about _________ improving greatly.A.need B.needsC.needing D.needed【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意为:他们在谈论的计划需要极大地改善。

根据语境可知,这里谈论的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。

由于句子主语为the plan,属第三人称单数,根据主谓一致原则,故应选B。

考点:考查主谓一致问题。

2.Everyone except Tom and Jim _______ going to visit some friends in Shenzhen.A.is B.are C.am D.be【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:除了汤姆和吉姆之外,每个人都会去拜访在深圳的一些朋友。

Except意为“除了”,引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式,本句主语是everyone,不定代词,谓语动词用be动词单数is,故选A。

【点睛】as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。

例如:1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.3.(两者之中)任何一个I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。

高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案

高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案

在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。

语法一致原则语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

►To study French well is not easy.学好法语不容易。

►What he said is very important for us all.他说的话对我们大家很重要。

【注意】由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式;但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

►What I bought were three Chinese books.我买的是三本中文书。

►What I say and do are helpful to you.我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。

2.由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面,谓语动词要用复数形式。

►Both she and he are middle school students.他和她都是中学生。

【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时,主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

►The writer and artist has come.那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。

►To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。

(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

►No boy and no girl likes it.男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。

主谓一致讲解及练习附答案

主谓一致讲解及练习附答案

主谓一致【考纲说明】1〕掌握主谓一致三大原那么:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原那么2〕学会分析句式,排除干扰,分清主谓,明了句子的主谓关系3〕本专题以单项选择、单词拼写和词形转换的考察为主,分值为1—2分。

【知识梳理】一、定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三条原那么:语法一致原那么,意义一致原那么和就近一致原那么。

二、语法一致原那么概念:即在谓语和主语在语法形式上取得一致。

如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。

但须注意以下几种情况:1〕以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开场吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。

Reading is learning. 读书就是学习。

What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。

【注意】:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。

但假设表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列构造〞时,主句的谓语动词用复数。

What I bought is three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。

What I say and do are helpful for you. 我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。

2〕由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。

John and Ann are good friends. 约翰和安都是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students。

.露西和莉莉都是学生。

【注意】:由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every,every …and (every)…,each …and (each)…,no …and (no)…,或many a ,many a …and(many a)…,more than one, 修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。

(完整word版)主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案

(完整word版)主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案

.主一致主一致是指一个句子的主和保持数的一致关系。

英主一致一般要按照三条原,即:法一致原;意一致原和就近原。

1.法一致原法一致原是指和它的主在法形式上必获得一致,即主是数形式,用数形式,主复数形式,也用复数形式,如:Tom doesn’tlike swimming.姆不喜游泳。

Jane and Mary look alike. 和看起来很像。

2.意一致原意一致原是指和主的一致,同由主所表达的数观点来决定,而不是依据主的法形式。

有主的法形式是数,但所表达的观点是复数意,采纳复数形式,如:The football team are having breakfast now.足球在吃早。

The news was exciting. 条信息令人振。

3.就近原就近原指的人称和数要在形式上与最凑近它的那个名或代获得一致。

当一个句子有两个主而它又是 either...or⋯, neither ⋯nor ⋯, not only ⋯but also⋯, or 等接,与凑近它的主保持一致,如: Either your students or Mr Wangknows this. 你的学生或王老知道件事。

Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film.姆和他的朋友都部影不感趣。

主一致三个原中有好多需要注意的,1.主集体名(1)某些集体名既可表示数也可表示复数。

假如集体名作一个整体对待,用数形式,假如就此中一个成而言,用复数形式,如:Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject.我小成正个行烈的。

(group指小成)Our group is made up of four girls and five boys.我小有 4 个女孩和 5 个男孩成。

( group 指小整体)The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers.中国的人口好多,此中三分之一是民。

英语 主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)

英语 主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)

外研版英语必备英语主谓一致技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、主谓一致1.Either the students or the teacher him very well.A.knows B.to know C.know D.knew【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:要么那些学生要么那位老师很了解他。

A. knows动词三单式;B. to know动词不定式;C. know动词原形;D. knew动词过去式。

either…or…连接两个并列主语时,遵循就近原则。

此句中的谓语动词要与the teacher保持一致,故答案为A。

2.It is reported that half of the China’s population __________ working in cities in 2015 to make money.A.Are B.is C.was D.were【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:据报道,2015年中国有一半的人口在城市上班挣钱。

考查主谓一致及时态。

population常与定冠词the连用。

作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。

当主语是表示人口百分之几时,谓语用复数。

再由in 2015可知应用一般过去时。

故选D。

3.—Hi, mom, exciting news! I am the only one of the students who elected (当选) as president of the students’ union.—Oh, you are so lucky to get the honor and then work hard!A.were B.was C.are【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“-嗨,妈妈,振奋人心的消息,我是学生中唯一被选为学生会主席的人。

-哦,得到这个荣誉你很幸运,然后努力工作吧”。

根据句意可知,表示过去被选为学生会主席,用一般过去时,排除C;且当先行词被the only one of the修饰时,从句的谓语用单数,故选B。

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主谓一致【考纲说明】1)掌握主谓一致三大原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则2)学会分析句式,排除干扰,分清主谓,明了句子的主谓关系3)本专题以单项选择、单词拼写和词形转换的考查为主,分值为1—2分。

【知识梳理】一、定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

二、语法一致原则概念:即在谓语和主语在语法形式上取得一致。

如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。

但须注意下列几种情况:1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开始吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。

Reading is learning. 读书就是学习。

What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。

【注意】:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。

但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时,主句的谓语动词用复数。

What I bought is three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。

What I say and do are helpful for you. 我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。

2)由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。

John and Ann are good friends. 约翰和安都是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students。

.露西和莉莉都是学生。

【注意】:由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every, every … and (every)…, each …and (each)…, no …and (no)… ,或many a , many a …and (many a)…, more than one, 修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。

Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每一个男孩和每一个女孩都给了一本书。

More than one student is interested in the book.不止一个学生对这书感兴趣。

3)如果主语后接 with,together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides,including, no less than, rather than ,as much as,more than,等介词短语,其谓语动词单复数形式由主语单复数形式决定。

An English teacher together with some students has climbed to the top of the mountain. 一位英语老师和几个学生已经爬到了山顶。

She, like you and Tom, is very tall.像你和汤姆那样她很高。

4)不定代词each, each one,either, neither 和由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Each of the students has a book. 每个学生都有一本书。

5)“a lot of (lots of, plenty of, a head of, heaps of, the rest(majority)of ,some(many,anymore,most, all等)of++名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词(短语)保持一致。

Some of the sugar is wet. 有些糖是湿的。

Most of the students in our class are league. 我们班上大多数学生是团员。

Half of the apples are given to the children.一半的苹果送给孩子们。

6)“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“The number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

A large number of buildings were burnt down.许多楼房被毁了。

A number of trees are cut down. 许多树被砍倒了7)由“分数或百分数+of +名词(或代词)”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词(短语)保持一致。

Two thirds of the country is dry or desert.这个国家的三分之二的地方气候干燥或者是沙漠地区。

Two thirds of the people present are against the plan.在场的三分之二的人反对这个计划。

More than 70 percent of the surface of our earth is covered by water.我们地球的70%的表面被水所覆盖。

8)如果主语是由“a kind of, 或this/that kind of, a series ( a species) of ,a pair of等 + 名词”构成谓语动词通常用单数形式。

This kind of men is dangerous.这种人是危险的。

Is this kind of car made in Shanghai ?这种汽车是上海制造的吗?【注意】"these/those kinds of+复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。

Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day. 每天能制作15双鞋。

9)某些只有复数形式的名词(clothes, trousers, shorts, shoes, gloves...)作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

My shoes were worn out. 我的鞋子穿坏了。

三、意义一致原则概念:意义一致原则,即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。

用法:1)由 and 连接的两个名词,如果是指同一概念(即and 后无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。

The manager and secretary is absent at the meeting.经理兼书记没有出席会议。

The manager and the secretary are busy now.经理和书记现在都很忙。

Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.他们的老师和朋友是李先生。

2)表示总称意义的形单意复的名词,如people, police, cattle 等作主语时,只当作复数看待,谓语在任何情况下都用复数。

The police are searching for a murderer in that mountain.警察正在山中搜寻一名杀人犯。

3)表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概念时,谓语用单数。

Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 他离开家乡20年了。

Five dollars is enough. 5美元就够了。

4)以集体名词army, class, enemy, family, government, group, team,crew,crowd,public等集体名词作主语时,谓语应视其情况而用不同形式:当作主语被看作一个整体时,谓语用单数,如果被看成是其中的个体成员时,谓语就用复数。

Our class is better than any other classes at playing basketball in our school.在打篮球方面,我们班胜过我们学校的任何一个班。

Our family is not poor any more. 我们家已经不再贫困了。

【注意】population 单独使用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而前面有some, most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时,则谓语动词用复数形式。

Most of the population of the city are workers.这个城市人口的大多数是工人。

The population in our country is very large, and eighty percent of the population are farmers. 我们国家人口众多,而80%的人口是农民。

5)数词作主语时,谓语用单数,但在四则运算中,表示加法和乘法时谓语动词单、复数均可,表示减法和除法时必须用单数。

Ten is a round number. 十是个整数。

Ten times five is/are fifty. 十乘五等于五十。

6)表示数量的短语“one and a half+名词复数”及“a+单数名词+and+a half”作主语时,谓语用单数。

One and a half cakes are a good meal for the monkey.A cake and a half is a good meal for the monkey.一个半蛋糕对猴子来说是一顿美餐。

四、就近一致原则概念:就近一致原则,即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定,又称为毗邻一致原则。

用法:1)当or,either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also...,not...but....,whether...or...等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词。

Not only the mother but also the children are there.不但母亲在那里,而且孩子们也在那里。

2)在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个,谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。

There is a desk,a table and three chairs in the room.房间里有一张书桌,一张桌子和三把椅子.【趣味链接】符合就近原则的结构有there be, not…but…, not only…but also…, or…or…, neither…nor…)记忆:就近有个人在叫卖,不是老头而是老太;不仅卖瓜而且卖菜,或者现钱或者放债,既没有车也不用秤,只要你笑她就白送。

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