现在分词和过去分词的用法

现在分词和过去分词的用法一．现在分词和过去分词的构成

done

现在分词完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,常用作状语,表时间和原因。注意现在分词的完成式不能充当定语。

Having noted down our names and addresses , the policeman dismissed us.

表时间,相当于After the policeman noted down our names and addresses , he dismissed us.

I was unable to accept your invitation, having promised to accompany my mother to the concert.

表原因，相当于Because I had promised to accompany my mother to the concert , I was unable to accept your invitation.

Having suffered from heart trouble for many years, Mr. Li has to take medicine wherever he goes .

表原因，注意分词结构带有的时间状语for many years, 时间状语提示分词该采用完成式。

四．现在分词的的被动式

现在分词的一般式和完成式都有被动形式。

The house being built is a big project.

现在分词一般式的被动式，用作定语，表“正在被…”

Being surrounded , the enemy troops were forced to surrender.

现在分词一般式的被动式，表原因。

Did you see the boy being questioned by the police?

Having been told many times, he made the same mistake again and again.

现在分词完成式的被动，表示让步。

五．现在分词的否定式

现在分词的否定式构成是“在带ing的那个词前加not ”。如

doing --- not doing ; being done --- not being done ;

having been done --- not having been done ; having done---not having done 。

Not having heard from his girlfriend for a long time , he felt very worried.

Not seeing John , I asked where he was.

句型转换

A. 把下列各句改成分词作结构。

1.When it is seen from the hill , the park looks very beautiful.

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2. Don’t speak until you are spoken to.

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3. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.

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4. As he was surprised at what happened, T om didn’t know what to do.

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5. The meeting, which was attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.

___________________________________________________________________________ 6. Do you know the man who is speaking our headmaster?

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B. 把下列各句改成从句形式。

1. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, known as 3M.

___________________________________________________________________________ 2. The disc, digitally recorded in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.

_____________________________________________________________________________ 3. The flowers smelling sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

_____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Hunted everywhere, the wolves had no where to hide themselves.

______________________________________________________________________________ 5. United , we stand ; divided , we fall.

______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Although exhausted by the climb, he continued his journey.

______________________________________________________________________________ 7. Weather permitting , we’ll have the match tomorrow.

______________________________________________________________________________ 8. Some of them , born and brought up I rural villages, had never seen a train.

_______________________________________________________________________________ 9. Everything goes well as expected.

_______________________________________________________________________________ 10. He fell off the horse as if hit by a bullet.

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