血液透析机基本结构

OPTICAL detector to detect the difference between Light and Dark
VENOUS return Clamp automatically closes following any BLOOD alarm
透析机常见报警 与处理
动脉压
• 原因 • 血流量不足 • 动脉管受压卷曲 • 插管在血管内壁贴壁 • 穿刺位置不得当
- Level adjustment (液面調控) - Venous pressure measuring
壓) 聲波) (22 mm and 30 mm diameter)
(靜脈
ULTRASONIC ( 超
level detector sensors
- Ultrasonic air bubble detector - Venous clamp (靜脈夾子) - Optical detector (光感) - Exchangeable plug-in module
血泵故障
• 泵门未复位 • 泵管扭曲 相对运动受阻 • 泵管尺寸与机器设置不一致
源自文库
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静脉压
• 原因 • 静脉壶凝血 • 穿刺位置不得当 • 压力监测保护罩堵塞 • 血流量影响
跨膜压
• 原因 • 透析液管路卷曲 • 快速接头与透析器连接不紧 • 快速接头内橡胶电老化 • 滤器凝血 • 治疗参数的设定
气泡监测
• 原因 • 滤器排气不达标 • 静脉壶安装不正确 • 过低的静脉压 • 探测器灵敏度偏移 • 探测器损坏
血液透析机的基 本结构
血液透析流程图
透析器 抗凝剂 血泵
血液返回患者 新鲜透析液
废弃的透析液
血液来自患者
透析器–透析膜
血液 紅血球 脂肪 蛋白質 尿酸 尿素 肌肝 電解質 水 透析液
細菌 病毒
電解質 彌散作用 跨膜壓
水
2018/11/5
3
弥散
Start:
different concentrations
- Exchangeable plug-in module
- 20, 30 and 50 ml syringes (大小尺寸) - Warning message 10 min (警示)
空氣監測器
VENOUS pressure transducer port Arrow UP for RAISING the level in the chamber Arrow DOWN for LOWERING the level in the chamber The DOOR for securing the chamber into the level detector
温度报警
• 原因 • 温度探测器被杂质附着 • 供水不足或流量不稳 • 控温器损坏
电导度报警
• 原因 • AB液不正确 • AB吸液口漏气 • 干粉制剂混合不均匀有微量气泡 • 水压不稳定 • 电导度模块损坏，吸液泵速不稳
漏血报警
• 原因 • 滤器破膜 • 探测器内有碳酸钙沉淀 • 探测器内有大量气泡 • 探测器灵敏度偏移
- Automated threading of pump segment - Delivery rate 15 - 600 ml/min (流量) - Inner tube diameter 2 - 10 mm (內 徑) (in 0.2 mm steps) - Driven by a microprocessor controlled stepper motor - Including pressure measuring equipment - Exchangeable plug-in module
Magnetic door catch
Door cover. When open pump stops
肝素泵
-Anticoagulation: To prevent blood clotting in the extracorporeal blood circuit - Driven by a microprocessor controlled stepper motor - Time programmable (時間設定) - Bolus administration (劑量控制) - Delivery rate 0.1 - 10 ml/h (in 0.1 ml/h steps) (流 量)
The various steps of the T1 TEST • green highlights the specific part of the test sequence
血泵
Red Alarm Green, pump operational Arterial pressure monitor connector Arrow up to increase pump speed Arrow down to decrease pump Blue On/Off key speed Press together to change lumen size e.g. 8.0mm
End:
time
equal concentrations on both sides
Diffusion: due to the random movement of all molecules (Brownian Movement)
SCREEN 2
T1 Test If an error occurs a • x or • number appears to inform you of the failure. The alarm occurs at the END of the test procedure