none nothing

高考英语词语辨析none, nothing, no one

none这个词的用法极易与nothing, no one等混淆,以下是本人参考搜集的一些资料加以整理的:

一、none 与nothing的用法比较:

先请看下面一道题:

I want some coffee, but there is _______ in the pot.

A. no one

B. something

C. none

D. nothing

很多同学选了D,而正确答案却是C。出现错误的原因是弄不清none与nothing

的区别。现请看:

1) none = not any, not one 一点也没有；一个也没有，即数量概念。既可指人，也可指物，代指上文提到的事物，含特指概念。如:

He wants me to lend him some money, but I have none at hand.

他想要我借些钱给他,但我现在手头上一个子儿也没有。

They asked for nine books, but there is / are none in the library at

present. 他们需要九本书,但目前图书馆一本都没有。

2) nothing = not anything, 意为"没有任何东西;什么也没有"，强调内容，只能指物，泛指。如:

He felt hungry, but he could find nothing to eat in the kitchen.

他饿了,但在厨房里他没有找到吃的东西。

Nothing in the world is difficult if you put your heart into it.

世上无难事,只怕有心人。

再看一道高考题:

Most of us would rather ride bicycles as bike-riding has_______ of the trouble of taking buses. (96上海)

A. nothing

B. none

C. some

D. neither

二、none与no one 的用法比较:

1) none作代词时,可以指人,是"一个人也没有"的意思。如:

The war broke out. All the people felt frightened but none had left there. 战争爆发后，人们很惶恐但是没有一个人人离开那儿。

另外,none后常接of短语,of后可接复数可数名词或代词,作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可;of后也可接不可数名词,这时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如: Sorry, but none of us speaks/ speak English. 抱歉!我们没有一个人讲英语。

None of the money on the desk is mine. 桌上的那些钱都不是我的。

注意:none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中"没有一个";如果指两者中"没有一个"应用neither。请比较:

There are many apples in the basket, but none of them are fresh.

篮子里有很多苹果,但没有一个是新鲜的。

There are two apples on the plate, but neither of them is fresh.

盘子里有两个苹果,但没有一个是新鲜的。

2) no one= nobody 只指人,“没有人”，不能指物,语气比none强,后面不能接of构成的短语。no one作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。如:

No one / Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。

请看高考题:

We couldn't eat in a restaurant because _______ of us had money on us. (MET91)

A. all; no

B. any; no

C. none; any

D. no one; any

三、用于简略回答时,none用来回答How many... 或How much....引起的问句以及含"any (one) of+名词"构成的一般疑问句;

no one/ nobody用来回答Who...问句及含anyone/anybody构成的一般疑问句;

而nothing则用来回答What...问句及含anything构成的一般疑问句。如:

① - How much water is there in the bottle?

- None.

② - What's in your hand?

- Nothing.

③ - Who will go to the party?

- No one/ Nobody.

④ - Did any one of the passengers get injured in the accident? - No, none was injured.

⑤ - Do you have anything else to say for yourself?

- No, nothing else.

⑥ - Did anyone want to attend the meeting?

- No, no one/ nobody wanted to.

四、 none用作副词,意思是"一点也不……",常构成none+the +比较级结构,还可与so或too等副词搭配使用。如:

He is none the better since he left home. 他离家至今,情况并无好转。

I hope you're none the worse for your accident. 我希望你在事故中没受一点儿伤。

Do you mean that the dog is none so lovely? 你的意思是说这只狗一点也不可爱。

You got home none too early, in fact. 事实上,你回家一点也不早。