考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷360(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷360(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)It is not a question so much of what will happen as much as it is a statement of what has already happened and is still happening. Society is falling down all around us. As compared to days gone by, the family structure has weakened so much that people have developed uncaring and self serving attitudes. We see more and more with each passing year, less and less stable homes. Kids are caring for themselves and parents are out working more than ever. Even if they are structured enough to meet around the dinner table at night, it will most likely be the only time they connect with each other for the entire day. Children learn to cope with the world by watching and learning from loving parents that spend time with them. It only makes sense that when the time is not invested, the children grow to adulthood lacking life skills they should have grown up with. Society is already feeling the effects of this sad trend when we see young adults with no set goals or any kind of direction as to which path they should walk in life. Schools counselors try to help these kids decide on a career choice or a direction to look towards, but often this advice is ignored. It is the parents responsibility to guide their children and raise them in homes that are stable and caring. Ninety percent of the time, people who become successful members of society and achieve the most, come from stable, loving homes with adults that cared enough to lead them every day. If this lack of stability in the home continues to increase, then of course, society as a whole, will suffer! As parents and caregivers, we must begin to put our priorities in order if we are to build a better tomorrow. Is it more important to have a gym membership and new car or bigger house at the expense of our child and what they will bring to the future of our society? With our nation in a recession, getting back to the basics seems to be the talk of the day. Many people are realising the value of a dollar again and cutting back on many “extras”. This could be the start of building our society back up again and saving the future of it by teaching young people to work together and be together. Maybe by work hours being cut back and layoffs happening everywhere, families will spend more time together and begin to see the value of relationships rather than the value of “things”.1．We learn from paragraph 1 that ______.A．what will happen is a minor issueB．selfishness has become prevalentC．society is on the verge of collapseD．loosely structured families persist正确答案：B解析：第一段最后一句中的“…people have developed uncaring and self serving attitudes”(家庭结构变得不稳定以至于人们养成自私自利的生活态度)是该段的结论。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)Immigrant Students in Their Studies on Made and Female Differences When it comes to schooling, the Herrera boys are no match for the Herrera girls. Last week, four years after she arrived from Honduras, Martha, 20, graduated from Fairfax High school in Los Angeles. She managed decent grades while working 36 hours a week at a Kentucky Fried Chicken. Her sister, Marlin, 22, attends a local community college and will soon be a certified nurse assistant. The brothers are a different story. Oscar, 17, was expelled two years ago from Fairfax for carrying a knife and later dropped out of a different school. The youngest, Jonathan, 15, is now in a juvenile boot camp after running into trouble with the law. “The boys get sidetracked more,”says the kids’ mother, Suyapa Landaverde. “The girls are more confident.”This is no aberration. Immigrant girls consistently outperform boys, according to the preliminary findings of a just completed, five-year study of immigrant children—the largest of its kind, including Latino, Chinese and Haitian kids—by Marcelo and Carola Suarez Orozco of the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Though that trend holds for U. S.-born kids as well, the reasons for the discrepancy among immigrants are different. The study found that immigrant girls are more adept at straddling cultures than boys. “The girls are able to retain some of the protective features of (their native) culture”because they’re kept closer to the hearth, says Marcelo Suarez Orozco, “while they maximize their acquisition of skills in the new culture “by helping their parents navigate it. Consider the kids’experiences in school. The study found that boys face more peer pressure to adopt American youth culture—the dress, the slang, the disdain for education. They’re disciplined more often and, as a result, develop more adversarial relationships with teachers—and the wider society. They may also face more debilitating prejudices. One teacher interviewed for the study said that the “ cultural awareness training” she received as part of her continuing education included depictions of Latino boys as “aggressive”and “really macho”and of the girls as “pure sweetness”. Gender shapes immigrant kids’experiences outside school as well. Often hailing from traditional cultures, the girls face greater domestic obligations. They also frequently act as “ cultural ambassadors”, translating for parents and mediating between them and the outside world, says Carola Suarez Orozco. An unintended consequence: “The girls get foisted into a responsible role more than the boys do.” Take Christina Im, 18, a juniorat Fairfax who arrived from South Korea four years ago. She ranks ninth in a class of 400 students and still finds time to fix dinner for the family and work on Saturdays at her mother’s clothing shop. Her brother? “He plays computer games,”says Im. The Harvard study bears a cautionary note: If large numbers of immigrant boys continue to be alienated academically—and to be clear, plenty perform phenomenally —they risk sinking irretrievably into an economic underclass. Oscar Herrera, Martha’s dropout brother, may be realizing that. “I’m thinking of returning ot school,”he recently told his mother. He ought to look to his sisters for guidance.1．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by______.A．posing a contrastB．justifying an assumptionC．making a comparisonD．explaining a phenomenon正确答案：C解析：论证方式题。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷144(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷144(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)The question of what to do about Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac—the two government-created enterprises that have backed massive loans to the housing market —involves much more than finance or real estate. It marks the end of an era. The relentless promotion of homeownership as the embodiment of the American dream has outlived its usefulness. In some ways, owning a home contributes to neighborhood stability and encourages property improvement. Unfortunately, we let a sensible goal become a foolish fetish. Not everyone can become a homeowner. Some are too young and footloose; some are too old and dependent; some are too poor or irresponsible. Even with these gaps, homeownership is virtually universal among the middle-aged middle class. Government subsidizes homeownership in two ways: through tax and spending policies and through credit markets. Tax breaks for homeowners exceeded $120 billion in 2009. These benefits go heavily to higher-income borrowers, who are encouraged to buy bigger and more expensive homes that generate larger tax savings. This is both unfair and unnecessary. By contrast, government subsidies for lower-income renters are skimpier, totaling about 25 percent of the support for homeowners. The cheap credit subsidy operates mainly through Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. These government-sponsored enterprises(GSEs)were economic mongrels: profit-making companies that were given goals of expanding homeownership among poorer buyers. The GSEs could borrow at interest rates barely above the U. S. Treasury’s, because investors regarded Fannie and Freddie bonds as backed by the government. It seemed a perfect marriage: The GSEs would earn profits and pass along the benefits of cheaper credit by financing or guaranteeing mortgage loans. Congress could promote homeownership outside budget constraints. But the marriage between private profit and public purpose failed. In September 2008, the Bush administration took over Fannie and Freddie, which faced huge losses from bad mortgages. In an ideal world, we would throw away failed policies. We would change or end the mortgage-interest tax cut. We would tighten the GSEs’ loans and guarantees. The trouble is that the ideal solution may be temporarily undesirable. The housing market, as everyone knows, has collapsed. Ironically, the GSEs have become more important than ever. Private lenders, which once regarded a mortgage secured by a home as a highly safe investment, now see it as highly risky. Few new mortgages are made without government guarantees. Thismeans that sudden withdrawals of support might deepen housing’s depression. Some economists have made sensible proposals to scale back Fannie and Freddie. But done too quickly, they could backfire. The single-minded promotion of homeownership failed and, paradoxically, undermined the American dream. It contributed to the housing “bubble” and favors housing investment over new industries and technologies. But to end it, we need to make haste slowly.1．According to the first paragraph, Fannie Mae and Freddie MacA．are the government-sponsored real estate enterprises.B．have lent huge loans to the housing market.C．represent the American dream.D．mark the end of an era.正确答案：B解析：事实细节题。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷579(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷579(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.When a disease of epidemic proportions rips into the populace, scientists immediately get to work, trying to locate the source of the affliction and find ways to combat it. Oftentimes, success is achieved, as medical science is able to isolate the parasite, germ or cell that causes the problem and to find ways to effectively kill or contain it. In the most serious of cases, in which the entire population of a region or country may be at grave risk, it is deemed necessary to protect the entire population through vaccination, so as to safeguard lives and ensure that the disease will not spread. The process of vaccination allows the patient’s body to develop immunity to the virus or disease so that, if it is encountered, one can fight it off naturally. To accomplish this, a small weak or dead strain of the disease is actually injected into the patient in a controlled environment, so that his body’s immune system can learn to fight the invader properly. Information on how to penetrate the disease’s defenses is transmitted to all elements of the patient’s immune system in a process that occurs naturally, in which genetic information is passed from cell to cell. This makes sure that, should the patient later come into contact with the real problem, his body is well equipped and trained to deal with it, having already done so before. There are dangers inherent in the process, however. On occasion, even the weakened version of the disease contained in the vaccine proves too much for the body to handle, resulting in the immune system succumbing, and, therefore, the patient’s death. Such is the case of the smallpox vaccine, designed to eradicate the smallpox epidemic that nearly wiped out the entire Native American population and killed massive numbers of settlers. Approximately one in 10,000 people who receives the vaccine contracts the smallpox disease from the vaccine itself and dies from it. Thus, if the entire population of the United States were to receive the Smallpox Vaccine today, 3,000 Americans would be left dead. Fortunately, the smallpox virus was considered eradicated in the early 1970s, ending the mandatory vaccination of all babies in America. In the event of a reintroduction of the disease, however, mandatory vaccinations may resume, resulting in more unexpected deaths from vaccination. The process, which is truly a blessing, may indeed hide some hidden curses.1．How do vaccines protect humans from diseases according to paragraph 2?A．By training the immune system to fight weaker versions of the disease.B．By passing information on how to fight the disease to the immune system.C．By weakening the disease so that the immune system can defeat it.D．Introducing the disease to the body, so that survivors have already fought it.正确答案：A解析：属事实细节题。
考研英语范文阅读模拟试题及答案解析（精华）
考研英语范文阅读模拟试题及答案解析(一)It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patientswho wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 1 0. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Rightto Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line servi ce, Death NET. Says Hofsess: We posted bulletins all day long, becaus e of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history.The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of theTerminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying todeal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed si ghs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and thehaste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changi ng community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In theUS and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can reques t death-probably by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffe ring. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors.After a cooling off period of seven days, the patient can sign a cer tificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung ca ncer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with li ving without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritualpoint of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I'vewatched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks, he says.51. From the second paragraph we learn that ________.（A）the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries（B）physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia（C）changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law（D）it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage52. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means ________.（A）observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia（B）similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada andother countries（C）observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes（D）the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop53. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ________.（A）face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia（B）experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient（C）have an intense fear of terrible suffering（D）undergo a cooling off period of seven days54. The author's attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of________.（A）opposition （B）suspicion （C）approval （D）indiffer ence答案及试题解析51.（D）意为：理解该法获批准的意义尚需要时间。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷301(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷301(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that “social epidemics”are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread. The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the “two-step flow of communication”: Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends. In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t seem to be required of all. The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these noncelebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people. Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principalrequirement for what is called “global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.1．By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends toA．analyze the consequences of social epidemics.B．discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas.C．exemplify people’ s intuitive response to social epidemics.D．describe the essential characteristics of influentials.正确答案：B解析：细节题。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷630(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷630(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)In “THE RING” , a Hollywood remake of a Japanese horror film, a videotape has a deadly effect on those who watch it. In reality the opposite is happening; viewers are killing Hollywood’s home-video business. People are rapidly discovering new ways of watching films at home that pose a grave threat to the most profitable part of the film business. Americans’spending on videotapes and discs has dropped by 29% since 2004. Piracy is one reason. Another is the end of the format-replacement cycle; once you have a DVD of “Casablanca”you don’t need another one. But the big reason is the rise of cheap convenient rental outfits like Redbox, which runs kiosks, and Netflix, which streams some films and sends others through the post. The move from buying to renting is undoubtedly a calamity for Hollywood. Like music, newspapers and books before it, the film business has been disrupted by innovative, fast-moving distributors whose products have caught on with the public. Tinseltown’s attempts so far to see off the threat have fallen flat, partly because the studios have failed to coordinate their efforts. But if Hollywood moves quickly and boldly, it should be able to disrupt the disrupters. Led by Sony, a consortium of studios, technology firms and retailers are working on a new way of distributing digital copies of films. The idea is that consumers will be able to buy the rights to films stored “in the cloud” and stream them to any device. That should make buying more appealing. But it also gives the studios an opportunity to go straight to consumers. At the moment Hollywood is a business-to-business industry: it rents films to cinema chains and ships discs to big-box retailers and rental firms. Digital distribution should allow it to become much more consumer-facing. The studios could greatly expand their efforts to sell films directly. It will not be easy to take such a radical step. But the trail has been blazed by another medium. Record labels have been hit much harder by piracy and have seen retail outlets disappear. They have been forced to deal directly with consumers. Lady Gaga’s website is run not by the pop star but by Universal Music, which uses it, and the consumer information it collects, to sell directly to her fans. That outfit has become far better at mining consumer data than the film studios. A common refrain in Hollywood is that the film business must not go the way of music. In this sense, at least, it should.1．The most profitable part of the film business may be______.A．video retailB．horror filmC．home-video rentingD．video format replacement正确答案：A解析：细节题。
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析5
Text 1The United States is said to have a mixed economy because privately owned businesses and government both play important roles. Indeed, some of the most enduring debates of American economic history focus on the relative roles of the public and private sectors.The American free enterprise system emphasizes private ownership.Private businesses produce most goods and services, and almost two-thirds of the nation's total economic output goes to individuals for personal use (the remaining one-third is bought by government and business). The consumer role is so great, in fact, that the nation is sometimes characterized as having a “consumer economy.”This emphasis on private ownership arises, in part, from American beliefs about personal freedom. From the time the nation was created, Americans have feared excessive government power, and they have sought to limit government's authority over individuals —including its role in the economic realm. In addition, Americans generally believe that an economy characterized by private ownership is likely to operate more efficiently than one with substantial government ownership.When economic forces are unfettered, Americans believe, supply and demand determine the prices of goods and services. Prices, in turn, tell businesses what to produce; if people want more of a particular goods than the economy is producing, the price of the goods rises. That catches the attention of new or other companies that, sensing an opportunity to earn profits, start producing more of that goods. On the other hand, if people want less of the goods, prices fall and less competitive producers either go out of business or start producing different goods.There are limits to free enterprise, however. Americans have always believed that some services are better performed by public rather than private enterprise. For instance, in the United States, government is primarily responsible for the administration of justice, education, the road system, and national defense.In this mixed economy, individuals can help guide the economy not only through the choices they make as consumers but through the votes they cast for officials who shape economic policy. In recent years,consumers have voiced concerns about product safety,environmental threats posed by certain industrial practices, and potential health risks citizens may face; government has responded by creating agencies to protect consumer interests and promote the general public welfare.1. In Line 1, Para. 4, the expression “economic forces are unfettered” means .[A] prices are determined by consumers [B] supply and demand are allowed to operate freely[C] economic regulations are not enforced [D] the economy is growing2. The last paragraph tells us that .[A] a mixed economy is guided by both individual citizens and the government[B] the role of the government in a mixed economy is more important than that of the consumer[C] individual Americans can influence the economy in multiple ways[D] the government does not regard the concerns of individual citizens3. According to the text, the U.S. is sometimes called a “consumer economy” because .[A] most goods and services are produced by consumers[B] privately owned business plays a major role in the economy[C] individual consumption plays a major role in the economy[D] consumers' rights are very important in the U.S.4. This text is mainly about .[A] how average Americans view their economic system[B] the role of the government in the American economy[C] how supply and demand determine prices in the American economy[D] the roles of the public and private sectors in the American economy5. From the first sentence of the third paragraph, we learn that .[A] American political beliefs have influenced its economic system[B] Americans fear excessive governmental control of the economy[C] private ownership is important because of American beliefs in personal freedom[D] personal freedom is the basis for private ownership in the U.S.Text 2The Internet began in the 1960s as a small network of academic and government computers primarily involved in research for the U.S. military. Originally limited to researchers at a handful of universities and government facilities,the Internet has quickly become a worldwide network providing users with information on a range of subjects and allowing them to purchase goods directly from companies via computer. By 1999, 84 million U.S. citizens had access to the Internet at home or work. More and more Americans are paying bills, shopping, ordering airline tickets, and purchasing stocks via computer over the Internet.Internet banking is also becoming increasingly popular. With lower overhead costs in terms of staffing and office space, Internet banks are able to offer higher interest rates on deposits and charge lower rates on loans than traditional banks. “Brick and mortar" banks are increasingly offering online banking services via transactional websites to complement their traditional services. At present, 14 percent of Internet households conduct their banking by means of the Internet, and the figure is expected to double or triple during the next two or three years.Increasing commercial use of the Internet has heightened security and privacy concerns. With a credit or debit card, an Internet user can order almost anything from an Internet site and have it delivered to their home or office. Companies doing business over the Internet need sophisticated security measures to protect credit card, bank account, and social security numbers from unauthorized access as they pass across the Internet. Any organization that connects its networks to the global Internet must carefully control the access point to ensure that outsiders cannot disrupt the organization's internal networks or gain unauthorized access to the organization's computer systems and data.6. According to the text, Internet banking .[A] requires minimal usage fees [B] offers price advantages to users[C] is more efficient than traditional banking [D] is environmentally-conscious7. The term “brick and mortar banks” (Line 3, Para.2) refers to .[A] banks with dependable reputations [B] banks with competitive interest rates[C] banks with traditional walk-in services [D] banks with reliable on-line services8. The last sentence of the third paragraph tells us that .[A] any organization's networks may be at risk of security breaches[B]current technology cannot safeguard against unauthorized access to online networks[C] information security should be a pressing concern for Internet commerce[D] organizations must secure their networks and data against unauthorized use9. What is this text mainly about?[A] Conveniences brought to consumers through use of the Internet.[B] Implications of increasing commercial use of the Internet.[C] Security risks posed by commercial use of the Internet.[D] Advantages of Internet banking versus traditional banking.10. Which commercial usage of the Internet does the author NOT refer to?[A] Buying airline tickets . [B] Trading stocks.[C] Applying for a credit card. [D] Opening a bank account.Text 3Some of today's most cutting-edge technology is now being used to help students with special needs. No longer just the province of games for “video needs," virtual reality has come into its own as a tool for special education teachers and therapists. As such, it is used for assessment, teaching, and practice, according to Skip Rizzo, research assistant/professor at the University of Southern California. For example, virtual reality has been used effectively to assess students' depth perception, with the results being quite different from those obtained from traditional paper and pencil tests. It is also used to help students gain transition skills: Students with autism or developmental delay can visit a virtual supermarket, take public transportation, cross the street, or organize his or her day. Students in wheelchairs can learn how to navigate buildings. And the beauty is, these students can make any number of mistakes without endangering themselves.In fact, one of the biggest virtues of virtual reality is that it allows students to learn in a safe environment, and this holds true for students with behavior disorders. After a student has learned an appropriate behavior or way of controlling his or her anger, the student is put in progressively more difficult virtual social situations where he or she can practice the new technique. And it is expected that future teachers will be exposed to virtual classes, complete with “difficult students” to help them master behavior management techniques.Virtual reality even allows us to tailor the world to meet a child's needs. Let's say we're teaching a child to cross the street by paying attention to traffic signs. Educators have found that it is often difficult for the child to locate the traffic sign in a busy environment. With virtual reality, we can blow up the “walk sign" so the student knows what it looks like. Then we gradually begin shrinking the sign and adding other environmental elements. Once the student has mastered this virtually, he or she transfers the knowledge to the real world. In the end, this is the most important function of virtual reality programs for special students.11. In Line 2, Par. 1, the word “province” means .[A] technology [B] domain [C] basis [D] region12. Virtual reality can help future teachers learn .[A] how to assess students' skill levels [B] how to respond to individual student's needs[C] how to deal with students who misbehave [D] how to run an orderly classroom13. This text mainly deals with .[A] The importance of using virtual reality in special education[B] The applications of virtual reality for special students[C] The advantages of virtual reality over conventional special education methods[D] The potential role of virtual reality in special education14. Which group does the author NOT suggest might benefit from virtual reality applications to[A] students with mental illness [B] students with behavioral disorders[C] students with physical handicaps [D] students with developmental problems15. According to the text, what is the ultimate purpose of virtual reality in education?[A] to give special students a chance to experience life in the outside world[B] to train teachers to work with students with special needs[C] to allow special students to learn life-skills in a safe environment[D] to prepare special students to transition into mainstream societyText 4In today's world, racial, ethnic, and national categories no longer impose fixed barriers or unbending traditions. This is not to say that these categories have disappeared. Rather, they are mixing and interacting in new ways . The hybrid nature of today's society is a valuable resource that companies and businesses should tap into in their quest to innovate.The ability to apply knowledge to new situations is the most valued currency in today's economy. More than ever, creativity rewards those who exercise it, so curiosity about the source of creativity has never been higher. How creativity comes about is a riddle, but a few things seem clear. Highly creative people don't necessarily excel in raw brainpower. They are misfits on some level. They tend to question accepted views and to consider contradictory ones.The implications are plain to see: Divergent thinking is an essential ingredient of creativity. Diverse groups produce diverse thinking. Therefore, diversity promotes creativity. This logic applies to corporations, research teams, think tanks, and other groups of creators. Those who rely on a team of diverse people are more likely to innovate than those who rely on platoons of similar people.To be sure, hybridity poses risks. A hybrid person may lose himself in a jumble of affiliations. A hybrid nation may botch the process of reinvention. Still, the price of such errors seems lower than the cost of circling the ethnic wagons and either shutting out people who are different or forcing them to become “one of us." Never before have so many people married across racial and ethnic lines. N ever before have so many people left their homelands for work or pleasure. Never before have so many people touched or tasted the clothes, foods, musical styles, and ideas of cultures not available to them in their youth. These people are not becoming phantoms or dilettantes. Rather, they are part of an outpouring of human creativity that is being driven by radical mixing.“You cannot spill a drop of American blood," Herman Melville wrote in 1849, “without spilling the blood of the whole world." More than ever, Melville's declaration applies not only to America, but to all nations.16. The author's attitude towards mixing of cultures is one of .[A] unrestricted enthusiasm [B] eager advocacy [C] genuine concern [D] satisfied approval17. According to the text, people are curious about sources of creativity because .[A] creativity is profitable [B] creativity is a basic human instinct[C] creativity is directly related to diversity [D] creative thought is valued by almost everybody18. In the fourth paragraph, the term “botch" most likely means .[A] complicate [B] err in [C] excel at [D] flourish in19. The author suggests of current times that .[A] without diversity, creativity would cease [B] the growth of the economy depends on a diverse[C] businesses can gain from the diversity [D] today's creative individual does best in business20. This text is mainly about .[A] the significance of diversity to creative thought[B] the advantages of diversity for innovative businesses[C] the impact of an increasingly multicultural society on the economy[D] the advantages and disadvantages of diversityText 1词汇注释enduring [in5djuEriN] a. 持续的，长久的sector [5sektE] n. 部门enterprise [5entEpraiz] n.企业characterize [5kArIktEraIz] v. 以…为特点，有…特点arise [E5raiz] v. 起源于，由…引起；形成excessive [ik5sesiv]adj.过度的authority [C:5WCriti] n. 管辖权；权力；权威realm [relm] n. 领域in addition 除此以外，另外efficient [i5fiFEnt]a.有效率的substantial [sEb5stAnFEl] a. 基本上的；大量的unfettered [5Qn5fetEd] a. 自由的；不受拘束(或限制、控制)的particular [pE5tikjulE]a.特别的；尤其的competitive [kEm5petitiv] a. 有竞争力的go out of business 倒闭primarily [5praimErili] adv. 主要地，首要地；起初responsible [ris5pCnsEbl] a. 负责的administration [Edminis5treiFEn] n. 管理；经营；支配justice [5dVQstis] n. 司法；正义voice [vCis] vt. 表达，吐露；发出(声音)practice [5prAktis] n. 积习；常规工作；实践potential [pE5tenF(E)l]adj.潜在的agency [5eidVEnsi] n. 机构promote [prE5mEut] v. 推进，促进；推动welfare [5welfZE] n. 福利题目解析1.答案为[B]，属于词义推断题。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷590(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷590(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.“Ah, yes, divorce”, Robin Williams once mused, “from the Latin word meaning to rip out a man’s genitals through his wallet”. The derivation may not be found in dictionaries, but he was on well-trodden ground in linking divorce to money. This month a survey conducted among financial analysts, stockbrokers and hedge-fund managers by Mishcon de Reya, a law firm, suggested that theeconomic downturn will prompt an upsurge in divorces among high-earners in London’s financial centre. This pattern is not without precedent; Sandra Davis, who commissioned the study, says that the recession of the early 1990s led to a wave of divorces among the City’s wealthy people.A third of current inquiries to lawyers by those deciding to break the knot, she claims, are linked to the credit crunch. One explanation is that the defecting spouses of high earners are getting out before the crunch reduces the potential for profitable settlements. As the City boom turns to bust, redundancies are becoming commonplace and huge bonuses a distant dream. Since recent earnings are one of the factors taken into account in divorce settlements, it makes sense to divorce sooner rather than later. Others argue that money and the distractions it buys allow couples to avoid addressing difficulties in their relationship, which come to the fore in more financially-distressed times. For middle earners, the link between divorce rates and economic conditions is less clear-cut, not least since the main marital asset is houses rather than spouses. Rising inflation and falling house prices put pressure on marriages and might thus contribute to higher divorce rates. Yet the same factors also make splitting up more complicated. Falling property prices mean that selling the family home may not provide sufficient funds for two separate homes, especially now that lenders have become much more choosy. “A flagging economy clearly leads to an increase in misery; whether or not it causes a rise in the divorce rate is a debatable point,” sums up Stephen Jenkins, director of the Institute for Social and Economic Research. One consequence is that more couples are living together after divorce, which raises its own problems. Godfrey Freeman, chairman of Resolution, an association of family lawyers, points out that the lower-earning partners in such couples may find it harder to claim benefits. They are usually refused help, he says, on the grounds that their mortgage is being paid, even if they have no cash of their own to cover everyday expenses.1．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by providing _____.A．a well-known definition of divorce in the dictionaryB．a downright fact that divorce is linked to economyC．an interesting quote of a famous person about divorceD．a statistic survey that was conducted a long time ago正确答案：C解析：推理判断题。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.6 minutes for the kids who weren’t. The boys who had the video games immediately achieved lower reading and writing test scores than those who didn’t. But the PlayStations seemed to have no effect on the boys’ math and problem solving skills. Cerankosky said in a statement on the Denison University Web site that there isn’t “ necessarily something inherent in video games that negatively affects kids”. It’s an activity that detracts from time that could be spent on schoolwork,” she said. If you are wondering why we needed a study to tell us that, the researchers say that conventional wisdom is not always accurate, and it is important to prove such beliefs through experimentation.11．Which of the following is CORRECT according to the first paragraph?A．The researchers call for a ban on children video games.B．Video games have less influence on girl’s performance.C．Evaluation is needed before buying children video games.D．The new PlayStation II gaming system is too violent to children.正确答案：C解析：事实细节题。
英语考研模考试题及答案
英语考研模考试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of environmental protection.B) The impact of technology on the environment.C) The benefits of sustainable development.D) The challenges of urbanization.答案：B2. According to the author, which of the following is the most effective way to reduce pollution?A) Recycling.B) Using public transportation.C) Planting more trees.D) Developing renewable energy.答案：D3. What does the author suggest about the future of cities?A) They will become more crowded.B) They will rely more on technology.C) They will be more sustainable.D) They will have fewer natural resources.答案：C4. What is the author's opinion on the role of individuals in environmental protection?A) It is not significant.B) It is crucial.C) It is limited.D) It is optional.答案：B5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage asa solution to environmental problems?A) Reducing waste.B) Encouraging carpooling.C) Implementing stricter regulations.D) Banning the use of plastics.答案：D二、完形填空（共20分，每题1分）In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of environmental protection. Many people are now taking action to reduce their carbon footprint and live more sustainable lifestyles. However, it is not just individuals who can make a difference; businesses and governments also have a role to play.6. ______, the environment is a global issue that affects everyone.A) ThereforeB) ConsequentlyC) MoreoverD) Otherwise答案：A7. ______, many companies have started to implement eco-friendly practices.A) As a resultB) In additionC) On the other handD) For instance答案：A8. ______, governments have introduced new laws to regulate pollution.A) SimilarlyB) LikewiseC) ConverselyD) Nevertheless答案：B9. ______, it is important to remember that change starts at home.A) FurthermoreB) AdditionallyC) HoweverD) Therefore答案：C10. ______, individuals can make a significant impact by adopting green habits.A) In conclusionB) In summaryC) UltimatelyD) Finally答案：C三、翻译（共20分，每题5分）11. 随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖于互联网。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷488(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷488(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.75% of GDP out of the economy with tax rises and spending cuts. The recently agreed budget deal will help cut the fiscal squeeze to 0.5% of GDP this year. All these factors could boost America’s growth to around 3% in 2014, well above its trend rate. More spending by American firms and households will, in turn, buoy demand for goods and services from everywhere from China to Germany. America’s appetite for foreign wares is not what it once was, but its economy is so big that faster spending will push up exports around the globe. The resulting support for growth will, in turn, improve domestic confidence from Europe to Japan.1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?A．America’s economy is always promising after each financial crisis.B．American people are confident in their stock market.C．Holding too high expectations for American economy is not advisable.D．America’s economy will suffer another decline in 2014.正确答案：C解析：选项A、B、D都是对第一段内容的表述，并有扭曲，第二段首句发生了转折“Yet amid the new-year cheer, it is worth remembering that almost every year since the financial crisis upbeat expectations have been disappointed.”选项C符合转折部分所表达的核心内容。
考研英语阅读模拟测试题及答案分析
考研英语阅读模拟测试题及答案分析考研英语阅读模拟测试题及答案分析There is extraordinary exposure in the United States to the risks of injury and death from motor vehicle accidents.More than 80 percent of all households own passenger cars or light trucks and each of these is driven an average of more than 11，000 miles each year.Almost one-half of fatally injured drivers have a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.1 percent or higher.For the average adult，over five ounces of 80 proof spirits would have to be consumed over a short period of time to attain these levels.One third of drivers who have been drinking，but fewer than 4 percent of all drivers，demonstrate these levels.1)Although less than 1 percent of drivers with BACs of 0.1 percent or more are involved in fatal crashes，the probability of their involvements is 27 times higher than for those without alcohol in their blood.There are a number of different approaches to reducing injuries in which drinking plays a role.Based on the observation that excessive consumption correlates with the total alcohol consumption of a country‘s population，it has been suggested that higher taxes on alcohol would reduce both.While the heaviest drinkers would be taxed the most，anyone who drinks at all would be punished by this approach.To make drinking and driving a criminal offense is an approach directed only at drinking drivers.In some states，the law empowers police to request breath tests of drivers committing any traffic offense and higher BAC can be the basis for arrest.The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates，however，that even with increased arrests，there are about 700 violations for every arrest.At this level there is littleevidence that laws are effective ways to reduce drunk driving.In Britain，motor vehicle accidents fell 25 percent immediately following implementation of the Road Safety Act in 1967. 2) As Britishers increasingly recognized that they could drink and not be stopped，the effectiveness declined，although in the following three years the death-rate seldom reached that observed in the seven years prior to the Act.Whether penalties for driving with a high BAC or excessive taxation on consumption of alcoholic drinks will deter the excessive drinker responsible for most accidents is unclear.One thing is clear，however：unless we deal with automobile and highway safety and reduce accidents in which alcoholic drinking plays a role，many will continue to die.1.The author is primarily concerned with____.[A] interpreting the results of surveys on traffic accidents[B] reviewing the effectiveness of attempts to reduce drunk driving[C] analyzing the causes of the large number of annual traffic deaths[D] making an international comparison of experience with drunk driving2.It can be inferred that the 1967 Road Safety Act in Britain____.[A] changed an existing law to lower the BAC level which defined drunk driving[B] made it illegal for the drunk driver to drive[C] increased the number of drunk driving arrests[D] placed a tax on the sale of alcoholic drinks3.The author implies that a BAC of 0.1 percent ____.the sale of alcoholic drinks[A] is unreasonably high as a definition of drunk driving[B] penalizes the moderate drinker while allowing the heavy drinker to consume without limit[C] is well below the BAC of most drivers who are involved in fatal crashes[D] proves that a driver has consumed five ounces of 80 proof spirits over a short time4.The author cites the British example in order to____.[A] show that the problem of drunk driving is worse in Britain than in the U.S.[B] prove that stricter laws against drinking drivers would reduce traffic deaths[C] prove that a slight increase in the number of arrests of drunk drivers will not deter drunk driving[D] suggest that taxation of alcohol consumption may be more effective than criminal laws5.The word“deter”in the last paragraph probably means____.[A] prevent[B] encourage[C] punish[D] threaten参考答案：1.[B] 本文探讨了饮酒和汽车事故率的关系，以及相应的限制酒后驾驶的法律对事故率的影响。
考研英语模拟试卷(附答案及详解)
考研英语模拟试卷（附答案及详解）一、完形填空directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.In recent years, the concept of "worklife balance" has gained increasing attention. Many people are trying hard to achieve a balance between their work and personal life. However, it is not an easy task for everyone. The following passage discusses some tips on how to (1) __________ this balance.First and foremost, it is important to set clearpriorities. You need to know what is (2) __________ to youand allocate your time accordingly. If your family is yourtop priority, then you should be willing to (3) __________your work schedule to spend more time with them.Secondly, learn to say no. In today's fastpaced world, it is easy to be overwhelmed various tasks and responsibilities. However, you should not (4) __________ to take on more work than you can handle. By saying no, you are actually (5)__________ your time and energy for more important things.Lastly, don't forget to take care of yourself. Engaging in regular exercise, maintaining a healthy diet, and getting enough sleep are essential for (8) __________ your work performance and personal wellbeing.By following these tips, you will be better equipped to (9) __________ the challenges of maintaining a worklife balance. Remember, it is a continuous process, and you need to (10) __________ and adjust your strategies accordingly.二、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed ten questions or unfinished statements. For each question or statement, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1The importance of reading cannot be overstated. It is a fundamental skill that can enhance our knowledge, expand our horizons, and even improve our mental health. The following passage discusses the benefits of reading and how to incorporate it into our daily lives.Passage 2三、翻译Section BDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.1. 随着互联网的普及，信息传播速度越来越快。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷116(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷116(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. Reading ComprehensionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)“There will always be bears, and there will always be bulls, but one can never know when one will dominate the other.”This quote by noted economist William Urster efficiently summarizes the economic theory of market cycles, in which periods of economic growth must inevitably be followed by periods of downturn, and vice versa. These respective periods play off one another, reinforcing a positive trend of growth over the long term. It is a tradition on Wall Street to refer to periods of sustained economic loss and recession as “bear” markets. The name is derived from the way a bear attacks its prey, by swinging downward with its claws, thus indicating the market’s downward charted trend. The “bull”market, however, is construed as following the upward motion a bull uses to attack its enemy with its horns, signaling an upward trend for the economy. As the bear and the bull do battle, the investors find the economy quite unpredictable, and thus hard to apply the time-honored philosophy of buying stocks when the market is low, so as to sell when the market is high, at a substantial profit. Such market timing is not necessary, however. Over the history of the American stock exchange, the long-term pattern for the economy has always been up. In fact, the American economy, as gauged by the Standard and Poor’s Index, has grown at an astounding 11% average per year. Thus, by simply investing at an appropriate time and keeping one’s money in the market, long-term investors who can stomach the roller-coaster ride through the down periods will come out much richer for it in the long run. Few seem to have the patience and discipline to think about long-term investment in the market, however. Most people prefer to gamble instead, by hopping in and out of stocks, hoping to catch the buy at the lowest point and the sell at the highest. It has been statistically proven, however, that such short-term trading tends to result in losses over time. Aside from losses due to bad sales, tax consequences and brokerage fees chip away at these short-sighted traders’pockets, reinforcing the lesson. “Patience is a virtue,” it’s said, and the stock market certainly provides no exception.1．It is argued that the least successful investors are those who______.A．invest only in the short termB．try to time market periods by constantly buying and sellingC．do not maintain a long-term view of the economyD．lack the discipline to invest for long-term periods正确答案：B解析：属事实细节题。
考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案
考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案一、Passage 1Home Grown VegetablesGrowing your own vegetables at home has become increasingly popular in recent years. People enjoy the satisfaction of planting seeds, nurturing plants, and eventually harvesting their own vegetables.There are several benefits to growing your own vegetables. Firstly, it is a cost-effective way to obtain fresh produce. Instead of buying vegetables from the grocery store, which can be expensive, you can save money by growing your own. Additionally, homegrown vegetables are usually tastier than store-bought ones, as they are picked at the peak of ripeness and consumed shortly after harvesting. Moreover, growing your own vegetables allows you to control the use of pesticides and fertilizers, ensuring that your produce is healthier and free from potentially harmful chemicals.Starting a vegetable garden is relatively easy, even for beginners. Choose a sunny spot in your backyard or balcony and prepare the soil by removing any weeds and loosening it with a garden fork. Decide which vegetables you would like to grow and purchase high-quality seeds or seedlings from a reputable nursery. Follow the instructions on the seed packets or consult gardening websites for information on optimal planting times, spacing, and care instructions for each vegetable.Once you have planted your seeds or seedlings, it is important to water them regularly and provide adequate sunlight. Monitor the growth of yourplants and protect them from pests by using organic pest control methods or installing nets and fences around your garden.In a few weeks or months, depending on the vegetable, you will be able to harvest your homegrown vegetables. Pick them when they are fully ripe and enjoy the delicious taste and nutritional benefits of your hard work.In conclusion, growing your own vegetables not only saves money and guarantees freshness, but also gives you a sense of accomplishment and connection to nature. Why rely on the grocery store when you can cultivate your own produce and enjoy the rewards of a thriving vegetable garden?二、Passage 2Jazz Music: A Cultural TreasureJazz music is a unique and vibrant art form that has captivated audiences around the world for over a century. Originating in the African American communities of New Orleans in the late 19th century, jazz quickly spread and evolved, becoming a symbol of creativity, freedom, and cultural expression.One of the defining characteristics of jazz is improvisation. Unlike classical music, which is typically composed and performed as written, jazz musicians often create music on the spot, responding to the energy and interaction of the band. This improvisational aspect gives jazz its distinctive sound and encourages musicians to showcase their individuality and virtuosity.Another hallmark of jazz is its ability to blend different musical styles and genres. Jazz has incorporated elements of blues, ragtime, swing, Latin,and even classical music, resulting in a rich and diverse repertoire. Jazz musicians have the freedom to experiment with harmony, rhythm, and instrumentation, pushing the boundaries of traditional musical conventions.Jazz also played a crucial role in the fight against racial segregation and inequality. During the era of racial discrimination in the United States, jazz clubs and festivals provided spaces where African American and white musicians could collaborate and perform together, breaking down social barriers and promoting racial harmony. The influence of jazz on popular music cannot be overstated, as it paved the way for the acceptance and appreciation of African American artists in mainstream culture.Despite its historical significance and cultural impact, jazz faces challenges in the modern music landscape. With the rise of electronic and computer-generated music, the popularity of jazz has declined in recent years. However, jazz enthusiasts and musicians continue to champion this art form, organizing festivals, concerts, and educational programs to preserve and promote jazz music for future generations.In conclusion, jazz music is a cultural treasure that embodies creativity, freedom, and the power of collaboration. Its improvisational nature, fusion of styles, and contribution to social progress make it a truly unique and influential genre. Let us celebrate and support jazz, ensuring its legacy as a vibrant and cherished part of our cultural heritage.。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷250(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷250(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. SADD emerged as a response to more than 6,000 young people being killed in alcohol related accidents each year. SADD’s approach to the problem was to develop educational programs in school chapters ranging from middle schools to colleges. In 1997, SADD expanded its mission to include underage drinking, substance abuse, impaired driving, violence, and suicide. SADD’s programs are keyed to the needs of individual school locations. These include peer-led classes, forums, workshops, conferences and rallies, and other awareness-raising activities. Over its first decade, SADD has worked with many federal and state agencies, nonprofit groups and foundations to get its message across. By 1990, due in part to the work of SADD, the number of young people killed in alcohol related accidents fell to 2,000 per year. Both MADD and SADD have been influential in reducing the number of alcohol related deaths in the United States. Each has taken a different approach to the problem of drunk driving and come up with viable solution.11．Which of the following statements is true of the text?A．Traffic accidents would be eliminated without drunk driving.B．Both MADD and SADD are dedicated to curbing drunk driving.C．MADD was formed much earlier and did much more than SADD.D．MADD takes a more effective approach to drunk driving than SADD.正确答案：B解析：根据第一段第二、三、四句“In recent years，two organizations have been formed to combat thisdeadly menace．MADD…was formed to stop drunk driving…drinking．SADD…was created．．．”，B应为答案。
考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷333(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷333(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.7 million to $5.5 million per year. What explains this unexpected result? While daylight time reduces demand for household lighting, it increases demand for heating in the early spring and late fall(in the mornings)and, even more important, for cooling on summer evenings. Benjamin Franklin was right about candles, in other words, but he did not consider air-conditioners. In regions of the United States where demand for air-conditioning is greater than in Indiana, this spike in cooling costs is likely to be even greater. Arizona, one of the hottest states, may have it right; it does not practice daylight time. Eliminating daylight time would thus accord with President-elect Barack Obama’s stated goals of conserving resources, saving money, promoting energy security and reducing climate change. At the very least, we should abandon the notion that we are saving energy while enjoying the extra hour of sunlight on hot summer evenings.11．Daylight time is used in many countries because______.A．it is an acceptable alternative for standard timeB．it is a special convention in agricultural societyC．it is considered an effective way to save energyD．it is a practice to make best use of solar energy正确答案：C解析：根据第一段中的“…daylight time has always heen a policy meant to save energy”，C应为答案。
考研英语二(阅读)模拟试卷50(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷50(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 阅读理解阅读理解Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2006, according to the OECD. In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable. The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely pruned. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business. Just look at the fate of Otis Chandler’s creation. Thanks to family connections, Chandler ended up in control of the Los Angeles Times in 1960. The paper he inherited was parochial and conservative, reflecting the city it served. Chandler abandoned the anti-union dogma and set about building a west-coast rival to the New York Times. His paper was heavy on foreign news and serious, objective reporting. The result was hugely impressive—but not, as it turned out, suited to the internet era. In the past few years the paper has suffered repeated staff cuts. In 2007 it was acquired by a property magnate and in 2008 filed for bankruptcy protection. The problem with such newspapers is that, although they do much that is excellent, they do little that is distinctive enough for people to pay for it. The Los Angeles Times’ foreign reporting is extremely good. But it is hard to argue that it is better than the stuff supplied by the New York Times or foreign papers. Similarly, it has never been clear why each major newspaper needs its own car reviewer a Corolla is a Corolla, whether it is driven in Albuquerque or Atlanta. Papers should concentrate on what they do best, which means, in many cases, local news and sport. If the rest is bought in from wire services or national organizations, readers are unlikely to complain—as long as there is enough competition between those larger providers to keep up standards. Specialization generally means higher quality. It is grim to forecast still more writers losing their jobs. But whether newspapers are thrown onto doorsteps or distributed digitally, they need to deliver something that is distinctive. New technologies like Apple’s iPad only make this more true. The mere acquisition of a smooth block of metal and glass does not magically persuade people that they should start paying for news. They will pay for news if they think it has value. Newspapers need to focus relentlessly on that.1．From Paragraph 1 we learn that American newspapersA．are balanced businesses now.B．are more stable than Japanese ones.C．get most revenues from readers.D．have been heavily relying on ads.正确答案：D解析：事实细节题。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析(一)2008-11-5 9:10页面功能【字体：大中小】【打印】【关闭】The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classi cal rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulatin g options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical m aneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to m anage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambigui ty, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise； and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing m anagers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality;oth ers view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers re veals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned beh avior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is b ased on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skill s. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and pra ctice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha！ experience. Fourth, some man agers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most s enior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tool s, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasio nally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to b ypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which amanager recognizes familiar patterns.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is t hat thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is righ t before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in w hich managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by a nalyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they fac e, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more abou t an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that a ction is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solut1. According to the text, senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to[A] speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem.[B] identify a problem.[C] bring together disparate facts.[D] stipulate clear goals.2. The text suggests which of the following about the writers on managementmentioned in line 1, paragraph 2？[A] They have criticized managers for not following the classical rationalmodel of decision analysis.[B] They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.[C] They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.[D] They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.3. It can be inferred from the text that which of the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuit ion to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis？[A] Manager X analyzes first and then acts； Manager Y does not.[B] Manager X checks possible solutions to a problem by systematic analysis； Manager Y does not.[C] Manager X takes action in order to arrive at the solution to a problem；Manager Y does not.[D] Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solutionto a problem； Manager X does not.4. The text provides support for which of the following statements？[A] Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who relyon formal decision analysis.[B] Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.[C] Managers'' intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical sk[D] Intuition enables managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently.5. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text？[A] An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is given.[B] A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced.[C] The results of recent research are introduced and summarized.[D] Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated.[答案与考点解析]1. 「答案」D「考点解析」这是一道归纳推导题。