计算机英语复习题

计算机英语复习题

Chapter 1 单词

digital computer数字计算机decimal digits 十进制

binary 二进制

bit 位；比特computer system 计算机系统hardware system 硬件系统software system 软件系统

I/O devices 输入输出设备memory 存储器application software 应用软件video game 计算机游戏system software 系统软件register 寄存器

floating point data 浮点数Boolean 布尔值character data 字符数据punched card 穿孔卡片magnetic tape 磁带

main memory 主存vacuum tubes 电子管；真空管magnetic drum 磁鼓transistors 晶体管

solid-state devices 固态器件magnetic cores 磁芯

silicon chip 硅片multiprogramming 多道程序设计timesharing 分时技术minicomputers 小型计算机mainframe 大型计算机word processing文字处理electronic spreadsheets

电子表格

database management programs 数据库管理程序

desktop publishing 桌面印刷personal computers个人计算机microcomputers 微型计算机storage capacities 储存容量stand-alone computer

独立计算机

peripheral devices 外部设备assembly line 流水线supercomputer巨型计算机auxiliary memory 辅助存储器buffer memory 缓冲存储器dynamic memory 动态存储器

external memory 外部存储器hypothetical memory

虚拟存储器

缩略词

1、ASCII——American National Standard Code for Information Interchange

美国国家信息交换标准码

2、I/O——devices input and output devices 输入输出设备

3、CPU——central processing unit 中央处理器

4、EBCDIC——Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

扩充二—十进制交换码

5、FLP/FP——floating point浮点（数）

6、ENIAC——Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator

电子数字积分计算机

7、VT——vacuum tube 真空管

8、PC——personal computer 个人计算机

9、MP——multiprogramming 多道程序设计

10、IC——integrated circuit 集成电路

11、LSI——large-scale integrated 大规模集成

12、VLSI——very-large-scale integrated 超大规模集成

单词填空

1、Application software is designed to accomplish real-world tasks in

fields.

2、An 8-bit signed integer can have any value between -128 and127

3、System software controls the computer and enables it to run the

hardware and applications software.

4、A computer system consists of hardware system and software

system.

5、List four types computers: microcomputer, mainframe,

minicomputer, supercomputer.(简答题)

翻译

1、B y using various coding techniques, groups of bits made to

represent not only binary but also other discrete symbols.

通过应用各种编码技术，一组二进制不仅可以表示二进制数据还可以表示其他离散符号。

2、S ystem software includes not only the complex programs used by

technicians to create application software in the first place but also the organizational programs needed to start up the computer and govern its use of other programs.

系统软件不仅包括专业人员用于创建应用软件的复杂程序，它还包括用于启动计算机和提供给其他应用程序使用的管理程序。

3、D ata are numbers and other binary-code information that are

operated on to achieve required computational results.

数据是数字和其他二进制编码信息，这些二进制代码是可操作并能满足要求的计算结果。

4、R ather than arithmetically or logically manipulating character, a

computer may concatenate strings of character, replace some character with others, or otherwise manipulate character strings.

计算机可能把字符连接成串，用其他的字符替换或用其他的方法处理字符，而不是用算术的或逻辑的方法处理。

5、s oftware applications like word processing, electronic