水利专业英语-Jiaocongcong

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水利专业英语概要整理

告知12水文班使用的同学:

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分享人:Congcong 2015-10-18

一、水利专业英语考试题目类型

1)单词翻译(汉译英、英译汉);

2)句子翻译(汉译英、英译汉)共计5句;

3)回答问题(用英语回答所问问题,均为任课教师上课所提问题)共计5句;

4)写作(作文内容范围为课上所学知识)。

二、水利专业英语课后习题参考答案

Chapter 1 Water Resources P9

1、英译汉

(1)resource:资源(2)ground water:地下水(3)freshwater:淡水

(4)polar:两极的(5)glacier:冰川(6)iceberg:冰山

(7)creek:小溪(8)pond:池塘(9)crack:裂隙

(10)hydroelectric:水力发电的

2、汉译英

(1)有限的:finite (2)污染:pollution (3)概略地:roughly/summarily (4)有创造力的:creative (5)咸水:saltwater (6)变量:variant

(7)水源:water supply (8)渗透:penetrate (9)粒子:particle

(10)可用的:available

3、完善句子

(1)Converting saltwater to freshwater is generally too expensive to be used for in-dustrial,agricultural or household purpose.

(2)Only 3% of the word’s water supply is fresh water and two-thirds of that is salt-water,forming the polar icecaps,glaciers,and icebergs.

(3)Surface water is visible above the ground surface, such as creeks, rivers,ponds and lakes.

(4)Ground water is water that either fills the spaces between soil particles or pene-trates the cracks and spaces within rocks.

Chapter 2 Planning for Water Resources Development P15

1、英译汉

(1)planning:规划(2)management:管理

(3)engineering judgment:工程经验判断(4)most desirable:最适宜的

(5)project plan:工程规划(6)flood-plain:洪泛平原

(7)feasibility study:可行性研究(8)specifications:说明书

2、汉译英

(1)单个工程:single project (2)区域水管理:regional water management

(3)工程技术:engineering (4)趋势:tendency (5)调和:coordination (6)流域:basin (7)发展:development (8)效力:effectiveness (9)原则上:in principle

3、完善句子

(1)Planning can be defined as the orderly consideration of a project from the ori-ginal statement of purpose through the evaluation of alternatives to the final decision on a course of action.

(2)An overall water-management plan,developed with care and closely coordinat-ed with other regional plans,may be a useful tool in determining which of many pos-sible actions should be taken.

(3)There is no substitute for “engineering judgment”in the selection of the met-hod of approach to project planning.

(4)It is the basis for the decision to proceed with (or to abandon)a proposed project and is the most important aspect of the engineering for the project.

Chapter 4 Hydrology P29

1、英译汉

(1)lithosphere:岩石圈(2)hydrosphere:水圈(3)atmosphere:大气圈(4)water supply:水源,供水(5)ground-water hydrology:地下水文学(6)bedrock:岩床,根底(7)hydrology:水文学(8)occurrence:产生(9)pathway:路,径(10)rainfall:降雨

2、汉译英

(1)干旱:drought (2)污染:contamination (3)推论:deduce

(4)泛滥:flooding (5)蒸发:evaporation (6)冰川:glacier

(7)转移:divert (8)下游的:downstream (9)造成:pose

3、完善句子

(1)The cycle of movement of water between atmosphere ,hydrosphere ,lithosphere and biosphere is termed hydrologic cycle.

(2)This information is essential to design and evaluation of natural and man-made channels,bridge openings and dams.

(3)Hydrology is the science that encompasses the occurrence,distribution,move- ment and properties of the waters of the earth and their relationship with the environ-ment within each phase of the hydrology cycle.

Chapter 5 Water Cycle P36

1、英译汉

(1)evaporation:蒸发(2)absorb:吸收,浸入(3)cycle:循环

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