2010专八翻译汉译英难点注释

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2010年专八真题超级详解

英语专业八级2010年试题答案及解析第一部分听力理解SECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. tones of voice【解析】细节题。

这篇讲座主要介绍辅助语言学，其特征分为两大类，第一类就是语言特征，文中提到“Vocal features are actually tones of voice...”。

2. huskiness【解析】细节题。

由“The third is huskiness, which is to show unimportance.”可以得知表达沙哑的语音特征就是“huskiness”。

3. universal expression/signal【解析】细节题。

肢体的辅助语言特征第一类是面部表情，作者举例时讲到“We all know smiling is an almost universal signal of pleasure or welcome”,同时，也列举了一些不常用的表情，即less common expression,与之相对应的也就是universal expression,所以答案是“universal expression/signal”。

4. thinking or uncertainty【解析】细节题。

在介绍面部表情时作者提到“…biting your lip, which indicates you are deep in thinking. or are uncertain about something,”。

5. lack of interest/indifference【解析】细节题。

在将英国人行为中，作者提到“In British English behavior, shrugging shoulders may indicate an attit ude of ‘I don't care’or‘ I don't know.’”。

英语专八考试翻译汉译英重难点

I’m surprised to learn that XiaoGao had married the man who had once done her father in. She rally has no guts.
9.昙花一现a flash in the pan
那个歌星也只是昙花一现，出了几张唱片就销声匿迹了。
15.糊涂虫a nitwit
你真是个糊涂虫，怎么能当他的面讲他女朋友的坏话那？
You’re a real nitwit. Why should you badmouth his girlfriend in his face?
18.抓住机会jump at the chance
这样的好机会，你应该抓住
You should have jump at such a good chance.
6.乡巴佬a hayseed
她说她决不会嫁给一个乡巴佬，不管他多有钱。
She insisted that she would not marry herself off to a hayseed, no matter how rich he was.
7.不三不四的人riff-raffs
老张的家里总来些不三不四的人，可想而知老张不是什么好东西。
She’s said to be a jinx, who would bring bad luck to whoever she marries.
第二篇能力与智慧
1．海量have a hollow leg
你像灌醉他？他可是海量，从来没有醉过。
Want to drink him under the table? Well…you can never do. He got a hollow leg, you know.

2005--2010专八真题翻译部分与答案

2005—2010年专八真题翻译部分原题及答案2005 年真题 Section A Chinese to English一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。

我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

参考译文：How significant is a person s life? Is there any standard to measure it? It will be very difficult to put forward an absolute standard, but in general, the significance of one s existence can be estimated by how he treats his life, by what attitude he takes to work and what ways he chooses to live. From ancient times up to now, all the accomplished people treat their lives very seriously. They work and, learn as much as possible. They hate to spend the best of their lives in vain, they do not want to let their time slip by. All the laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of our country at all ages treasure their time in this way. Section B English to ChineseIt is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author. try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. 参考译文：然而几乎没有什么人会从书中提问：书能给我们什么。

英语专业八级考试汉译英常见问题解析.doc

英语专业八级考试汉译英常见问题解析考题标准•“衡量汉译英考题优劣的标准，应该是看语篇是否能在翻译实践中较集中地反映汉英语言包括语义、句法、语用、修辞等在内的各个层面的差异”。

（邵志洪）理解方面的问题•习语（包括俗语）的理解错误•断句的错误•词组间关系的判定错误•逻辑隐含关系的理解错误•临时意义的理解错误•词的隐含意义的理解错误•缺乏语体差别的敏感性•背景知识的欠缺•政治意识的缺乏习语的理解错误•寒暄：coldly talk for a while（误）•叶公好龙：“too much addicted is something”; “One does not mean what he says”（误）•本世纪上半叶：the half page of this century（误）断句的错误•汉语是意合的语言，形态机制不发达，汉语句子在断句问题上并不严格，因此，对句子停顿的意识很多情况下完全取决于读者的语感。

学生对此认识不足，不敢果断断句。

•汉语功底欠缺、语感薄弱•“世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史”•The world’s first generation museums are museums of natural history. They introduce to the people with fossils and specimens the evolution of the earth and various living organisms on it.词组间关系的判定错误•“科学知识” 和“科学技术”误: science and knowledgescientific technology正: scientific knowledgescience and technology背景知识的欠缺•“奥斯丁” ：•“我的导师是亚裔人”误：“My tutor is an Asian.”正：“My tutor is an Asian American.”•“除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生”正：“…except one of German origin, the rest five were of Asian origin.”•“现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚裔人。

专八真题翻译答卷分析解析

4. “朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密”是个让步状语从句，要体现出来。
5. “随便过头、不恭不敬”比较难译，可以考虑转换视角成“朋友在一起的时候也应有礼貌、互相尊重”。
每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。
学生版本一：Everyone hopes to own his own private room. When it is too causal for friend, they are easy to invade this forbidden area so thas are made.
2. 朋友之间和“合”与“交”其实是说关系融洽，所以用become intimate或get along well
3. “绝”即断绝，意为“中止友谊”，可以考虑用end，sever或break off，并与friendship 搭配。或者转换视角，翻译成“不再成为朋友”。
朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密, 也不能随便过头、不恭不敬。不然默契和平衡将被打破, 友好关系将不复存在。
学生版本一：No matter how familiar or how close between the friends are, we can’t be too causal, namely, we shouldn’t disrespect with each other. Otherwise the balance between friends will be broken and the good friendship will go forever.
待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。
学生版本一：Maybe it’s just a small matter to disrespect a friend, but by doing so you have sowed the destructive consequence.

1995-2010英语专八汉译英及参考答案1

1995-2010英语专八汉译英及参考答案1CHINESE TO ENGLISH乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。

但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。

晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。

我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。

”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。

乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。

”ENGLISH TO CHINESEEffort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life- engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleas u re of taking pains”. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary roles, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。

TEM8(2010)汉译英试卷评析(下)

以下是3类典型的学生译文。译文（1）、（2）、（3）都没有按照话题
的语义关系转换，译文（3）虽然有话题的意识，使用了引入话题的
（）结构，但是没有能够转换成合格的英语主谓结构。
(1) , , , , .
(2) ,
,.
(3) ,
, ；, .
英语专业八级考试在线课堂
按照话题的语义关系，句[1]大致有3种译法，由引导的状语从句，由引导的定语从句，由等引导的介词短语。以下译文代表了3类典型的学生译文，试比较：
型的语言，英语主谓结构是高度语法化的句法结构。作为话题优先型的语言，汉语中话题跟主语不一致并且话题比主语得到更高语法化。在话题位置上插入成分的过程称为话题化()。汉语中的话题并非移位生成，研究主语优先型语言的语序类型，固然应该看三者的排列，但研究话题优先型语言和主语话题并重型语言的语序类型，必须考虑另一个成分即话题T。要确定话题优先语言及主语话题并重型语言的语序应该看T、S、 V、O四者的排列顺序。普通话的顺序是占优势。(徐烈炯,刘丹青,1998:274-275) 因此我们可以说，汉语作为话题优先型语言，有四个基本成分：T、S、V、O，其中T（话题）是高度语法化的，而S（主语）语法化程度不高。总之，在话题优先型语言中话题结构毋须靠移位形成。而主语优先型语言的基本结构中缺乏T，只有靠移位方能得到T。
英语专业八级考试在线课堂
如果说英语句子是以动词为中心的空间组合体，汉语句子的脉络是一种随时间和事理的流动性结构，句读散点铺排，没有固定的句子构架，没有一定的形式约束，句界不明显，以意尽为界。汉语句子的脉络与句子节奏又是浑然一体，通过单双音词的巧妙运用和句读段的排列，可组成或对称或错落的节奏板块，形成和谐的音韵。
异，平行结构的表现形式可能不同。是英语话语组织的一种重要形式；骈偶结构是汉语话语组织的一种重要形式。骈偶结构的使用通过结构重复，构成了一个强大的语义关系网，其最大的优越性是“互文见义”。

2010专八翻译英译汉难点注释及一词多译

2010专八翻译英译汉难点注释注释基本引自美国传统词典并参考了网上其它翻译I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May；that it was Easter Sunday，and as yet very early in the morning．我回想起那是五月的一个周日的早晨；那天是复活节，一个大清早上。

或那个周日是复活节，正值清晨时分，1.Easter Sunday- 复活节，3月21日春分或其后月圆之后的第一个星期天2.as yet-until a particular time in the past 直至过去某时3.think-To call to mind; remember记忆：想到；记起I was standing，as it seemed to me，at the door of my own cottage．依稀记得我站在自家小屋的门口。

1.cottage--A small, single-storied house, especially in the country.乡间小屋Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation，but exalted, as was usual，and solemnised by thepower of dreams．在我的面前展现出了那么一番景色，从我那个位置其实能够尽收眼底，可是梦里的感觉无不如此：由于梦幻的力量，这番景象显得超凡出尘，一派肃穆气象。

或在我的面前呈现出好一派景致，我本来是居高临下，俯瞰这一切，可是梦里的感觉往往如此，由于梦幻的力量，这番景象显得气宇脱俗/，庄严肃穆。

或在我的面前呈现出好一派景致，我本来是居高临下，俯瞰这一切，可是由于梦幻的力量，这番景象跃然浮现，肃穆非凡。

英语专八考试翻译汉译英重难点

她总是心怀叵测，对她说的话你得多留神。
She always has an ax to grind. You should take whatever she says with a pinch of salt.
6.心数不正not have one’s heart in the right place
She’s born doormat ,afraid of going against anything.
9.面无表情的人a deadpan
和那些面无表情的人在一起工作真让人憋气。
You feel choked to work with those deadpans.
10.扫帚星a jinx
有人说那个女人是个扫帚星，谁跟她结婚谁倒霉。
I’m surprised to learn that XiaoGao had married the man who had once done her father in. She rally has no guts.
9.昙花一现a flash in the pan
那个歌星也只是昙花一现，出了几张唱片就销声匿迹了。
Talking about being pretty, our company’s new secretary is indeed a lulu.
3.两面派two-faced
我知道怎样对付两面派，而且一眼就能看出谁是一贯两面讨好的人。I know how to handle two-faced people and can even tell at the first glance who are in the habit of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds.(注：run with the hare and hunt with the hounds指人两面讨好，不得罪任何一方的做法。)

2010专八翻译汉译英难点注释

2010专八翻译汉译英朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的, 容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。

朋友之间, 情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交; 反之, 则离、则绝。

朋友之间再熟悉, 再亲密, 也不能随便过头，不恭不敬。

不然，默契和平衡将被打破, 友好关系将不复存在。

每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。

待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。

维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉。

2011专八翻译汉译英现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。

而最让现代人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛盾，许多时候你别无选择。

匆忙与休闲是截然不同的两种生活方式。

但在现实生活中，人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁穿梭，有时也说不清自己到底是“休闲着”还是“忙碌着”。

譬如说，当我们正在旅游胜地享受假期，却忽然接到老板的电话，搞恶我们客户或工作方面出了麻烦——现代便捷先进工具在此刻显示出了它狰狞、阴郁的面容——搞得人一下子兴趣全无。

接下来的休闲只能徒有其表，因为心里已是火烧火燎了。

2012专八翻译汉译英泊珍到偏远小镇的育幼院把生在那里养到1岁的孩子接回来。

但泊珍看他第一眼，仿似一声雷劈头而来。

令她晕头胀脑，这l岁的孩子脸型长得如此熟悉，她心里的第一道声音是，不能带回去!痛苦纠聚心中，眉心发烫发热，胸口郁闷难展，胃里一股气冲喉而上。

院长说这孩子发育迟缓时，她更是心头无绪。

她在孩子所待的房里来回踱步，这房里还有其他小孩。

整个房间只有一扇窗，窗外树影婆娑。

就让孩子留下来吧，这里有善心的神父和修女，这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看护中心，这是留住孩子最好的地方。

这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。

她将秘密留在心头。

2013专八翻译汉译英生活就像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从其中品出无穷无尽的美妙。

将它握在手里仔细观察，它的暗红色中有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。

TEM8(1995-2010)汉译英答案

2010年专八真题翻译答案Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temper, they can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer can not be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more. Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and if too casual among friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted areas, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the devastating seeds. The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint, and do not bother each other.2009年专八真题翻译答案Cell phone has altered human relations. There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads "close your handset|." However, the rings are still resounding in the room. We are all common people and has few urgencies to do. Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone. Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our "thirst for socialization." We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom.2008年专八真题翻译答案Spiritual GardenI think everyone, in effect, has a small garden or a flower bed of his own, namely, our inner world. There is a need for human beings to tap into their own intelligence, as is the case with their inner world. What distinguishes between human beings and animals, apart from the various aspects which are universally known, may probably be in that human beings have an inner world. Heart is no more than an important organ whereas the inner world constitutes a landscape, which gradually takes its shape under the continuous influence from the outside world. So great is the importance that everyone attaches to the physical condition of his own heart or those of his closest and dearest ones, that merely a minor disease would enduringly weign on his mind.2007年专八真题翻译答案Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Hardly none of them would spare some time to raise their eyes to have a glance at the beautiful dusk. They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. This is a picture of the Yellow River bank, in which the shepherd disappears, and no one knows where he is resting himself. Only the sheep, however, as free creatures, are joyfully appreciating the dusk. The exuberant water plants have nourished the sheep, making them grow as fat as balls. When approaching near, you would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.2006年专八真题翻译答案Chinese people has never thought of human being as the highest creature among everything since ancient times, whose reflection takes a quite approporate proportion with all others in our natural world in both aspects of philosophy and arts, but not as an absolute dominant ruler. Therefore, our bitterness and depression are basically less than those of westerners, because the intensity of which is growing with the expansion of one's desire and ambition. People in the agriculture society enjoyed far less than people in the industry society, thus their wants are far less either. Besides, ancient Chinese always regard "not confined by material, not driven by material" as the major philosophy. It not means we do not have misers, but in comparison with Mauriat and Balzac's miser and aspirant, that is dwarfed. Chinese people almost characterized by moderation, peacefulness, insecular, plainess, and easier to get satisfied than westerners.1.Is there a standard to evaluate the significan ce of one’s life? It’s certainly difficult to offer a definite standard. But generally speaking, we can tell it by judging his attitude towards life and work, making clear whether he is serious about his life.Throughout the history, the outstanding people were all very serious about their lives. They made best use of every minute of their lives to work and study as much as possible, never wasting their time. None of the working people and the great statesmen and thinkers were of exception.2. What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one, it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one’s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life.Throughout the ages, all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously. As long as they are alive, they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common labourers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country. (选自2006年第一期《中国翻译》)2004年专八真题翻译答案We shouldn't be too romantic about human relationships. Human beings are funny. Usually, when they meet a person they will first notice his or her merits. It's just like the experience of dinning in a restaurant. The starter or cold dish will leave you a very good impression. You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses. The more you eat, the calmer you will become. At the end of the dinner all the shortcomings come out. Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit?picking, and heading?nodding to head?shaking. This is because: first, you are hungry when you begin eating. When you are hungry, the bran tastes as sweet as honey; when you are full, even the honey tastes insipid. ?Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavour and my wings clipped. One spring evening, with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden, my parents held a garden party in honour of many guests, whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats. In the small house on the slope, I quietly lifted the curtain, only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests, all in jubilation. All at once, seized by a fit of forlorn rage, I could not help bursting into tears.2002年专八真题翻译答案The bounty of nature is equal to everyone, rich or poor, and therefore all men are strongly attached to her. This is particularly true in the rural areas, where people have kept the same lifestyle for a millennium or so. They plant crops and grapevines, brew wine to drink, feed cows to milk, and weed gardens to grow flowers. They go to church at weekends, and they meet in the square on holidays, playing the violin, singing and dancing. The age-old land remains the same as their family hearth. Each place boasts its folklore and thereby social customs go down.2001年专八真题翻译答案In his later years (Late in his life), Qiao Yu has become enamored of fishing (developed a penchant / special fondness for fishing). He asserts: “ Mostly speaking, a place with water and fish must necessarily be blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood. I believe that the optimum fishing places are not those commercial fishing centers which provide the fishermen with all the conveniences and where fish are kept hungry for ready capture, but those naturally-formed plac es in the wilderness which exert a special appeal.” According to him, fishing can constitute an activity conducive to the cultivation of one’s temperament and to one’s health, at once physical and psychological. Qiao Y u claims: “Fishing can be divided into three stages. The first stage consists of mere fish-eating; the second a combination of fish-eating and the pleasure (enjoyment) of fishing; the third primarily the pleasure of fishing when, confronted with a pond of clear water, one puts aside all his troubling vexations and annoyances and enjoys the total relaxation both mentally and physically.”The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements.1999年专八真题翻译答案The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attracting immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long practiced/followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver's economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.1998年专八真题翻译答案The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.1995年专八真题翻译答案However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1997年专八真题翻译答案Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue their further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful. My supervisor is of Asian origin. He is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp/irritable temper. Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into what Asian students have on their mind. Hence, of all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.. Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed until they graduated with their Ph.D. degrees. In the summer of 1990, ignoring the dissuasions from others, I accepted my supervisor’s sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.1996年专八真题翻译答案In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way.。

向洪全：2010专八英译汉试卷分析

2010年英语专业八级考试“英译汉”典型问题剖析向洪全摘要：本文结合具体案例，全面系统地剖析了2010年英语专业八级考试“英译汉”中所存在典型问题。

在此基础上，并结合作者翻译教学与实践的经验，提出多读原典、双语比较、勤加练习、多读中文作品等意见和建议。

关键词：2010；英语专八；英译汉；问题；建议2010年3月23日—4月1日，全国英语专业八级阅卷工作在上海外国语大学进行。

今年全国参考考生共计189000余人。

笔者参加了“英译汉”部分阅卷，感触颇深。

既有令人激赏的优秀之作，亦发现诸多林林种种的问题与不足。

就所发现问题而言，有的可归属于考生个人的问题，如原文理解不到位，词汇量不足，英汉语言差异认知及转移处理经验与能力欠缺等；有的则超越了考生个人，是国内外语教育带普遍性的问题，如外语学生中文水平普遍较差；再有的则甚至可能是社会及法律问题，如试卷雷同作弊问题。

本文主要目的在于总结问题，剖析成因，并尝试提出一些意见和建议，以期或有助于未来的学子，或与同行及感兴趣者探讨交流，故下文暂不谈优点，而直指问题与不足。

一、英译汉原文今年专八英译汉原文出自Thomas De Quincey的名作Confessions of an English Opium Eater(1821)。

选作考题时个别字句稍有修改。

该部分选文亦见于杨自伍主编《英国文化选本》（华东师范大学出版社，1996年），该书系英汉对照，译文甚具文采。

试题具体选文如下：I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May, that it was Easter Sunday, and as yet very early in the morning. I was standing at the door of my own cottage. Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usual, and solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there was interspace far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich with white roses; and no living creature was to be seen except that in the green church-yard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child, whom I had tenderly loved, just as I had really seen them, a little before sunrise in the same summer, when that child died.二、翻译中主要问题1、全文理解偏颇。

英语专业八级考试汉译英部分(原文+参考译文)

英语专业八级考试汉译英部分（原文+参考译文）1995——2010全1995 C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。

因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。

但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。

有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。

这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。

史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。

也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the tastier they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1996 C-E原文：近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。

英语专八翻译篇（一）汉译英

专八辅导之翻译篇（一）汉译英一十大常用英汉与汉英翻译技巧二汉译英常用技巧及实例讲解(见书)1．词的翻译词义选择词类转换词的增补和减省词的替代2. 句的翻译确立主干（主语和谓语）语序调整正反转换语态对译长句翻译3. 段落翻译段落的衔接段落的连贯段落的文体三考生常见问题分析1. 词义虚假对等2. 词类混用3.冠词滥用4.数的概念混乱5.用词冗余6.句子结构机械对应7. 主次信息不分8. 语篇衔接不当四英语专业八级汉译英练习及参考译文一常用英汉与汉英翻译技巧英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。

常用的翻译技巧有重译法、增译法、省译法、词类转移法、语序调整法、分译法、正译法、反译法、语态变换法。

1.重译法（repetition）---在翻译中为了忠实于原文不得不重复某些词语。

其总用有三：为了明确、强调和生动。

通常在某些正式的应用文体中重复使用名次，其他时候往往重复宾语等。

例: We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。

Aristocratic and democratic tendencies in a nation often show themselves in its speech. 民族中的贵族倾向和民主倾向常在其言语中表现出来。

Note: 在汉译英时，往往有两种情况：一是汉语重复，英译时也重复；二是按照两种语言各自的习惯以不同的表达方式重复。

英译汉时也同理。

例：这种人闹什么东西呢？闹名誉，闹地位，闹出风头。

译文：What are they after? They are after name, after position, and want to cut smart figures.大家庭有大家庭的难处。

A large family has its difficulties.If you didn’t succeed at first, try, try, try again.起初不成功，可以一试再试。

专八真题汉译英参考答案

2010年专八真题汉译英参考答案Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temper, they can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer can not be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more. Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and if too casual among friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted areas, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the devastating seeds. The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint, and do not bother each other.2010年专八真题英译汉参考答案我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨；那天是复活节，一个大清早上。

专八翻译讲解

重在表达
English-Chinese Translation
9-10 Excellent translation The translation faithfully reflects all the original passage with only 1 or 2 minor lexical errors. It adequately reflects the style and tone of the original passage. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, a variety in sentence patterns). 8-7 Good translation with few inaccuracies The translation reflects almost all the original passage with relatively few significant errors in comprehending individual words, phrases, sentences or ideas. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive).
词汇问题
形近词误译
novel: 经典/古典/阶级小说 bewildered/wild:困惑的/疯狂的 trait/strait/traitor: 特征/海峡/叛徒多义词误译 cousin: 堂表兄妹（表妹） hero: 英雄（男主人公） beauty: 美女（美好的事物）
TEM8: Translation1 2) Common Problems Identified in the Examinees’ Work

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1995-2010英语专八汉译英及参考答案1

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2010专八翻译汉译英难点注释

TEM8(1995-2010)汉译英答案

向洪全：2010专八英译汉试卷分析

英语专业八级考试 汉译英部分(原文+参考译文)

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