英语精读4教学大纲.doc

《新视野大学英语》第四册教学大纲简介：为指导我校非英语专业大学英语教学，以上外和高教出版社出版的《大学英语教学大纲》及《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲》为依据，特制定我校《新视野大学英语》第四册教学大纲，作为教学安排、教案编写、教学质量检查的依据。

一、教学对象:本大纲的教学对象是我校非英语专业二年级的学生。

通过三个学期的英语学习，他们已经掌握了基本的英语语音和语法知识，并在读、听、写、说、等方面受过初步的训练。

已具有一定的自学能力。

《新视野大学英语》第四册精读教材涉及词汇9000词左右，泛读量为38，000词左右，基本达到《大学英语教学大纲》对四级词汇的要求。

二、教学目的:《新视野大学英语》第四册的教学目的是：使多数学生能达到实用英语应用能力A级水平。

培养学生英语综合应用能力，使他们具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、读、写、译能力，使他们在今后工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流。

帮助学生打下扎实的语言基础，掌握良好的语言学习方法，同时增强其自主学习能力、提高综合文化素养，以适应我国经济发展和国际交流的需要。

三、课时安排:《新视野大学英语》第四册用于我校非英语专业二年级的学生的第四学期英语学习，每周两个课时，共22个课时。

四、教学要求:1）课文：该阶段的教学对10篇A课文的内容进行精讲精练，要求学生能够很好地理解10篇A课文内容，记住大多数所学单词，短语以及某些表达法。

对课文B和C要求学生自学，领会式理解。

基本达到高等学校英语应用能力考试A级水平。

2）词汇领会式掌握3877单词（其中复用式掌握的单词为1600），以及由这些词构成的常用词组（中学所掌握的单词和词组包括在内），并具有按照构词法识别生词的能力。

3）语法巩固和加深基本语法知识，加强对虚拟语气，长句，复合句的训练，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。

4）阅读能力能顺利阅读语言难度较高的一般性题材的文章，掌握中心大意以及说明中心大意的事实和细节，并能就文章的内容进行分析、推理、判断和综合概括，领会作者的观点和态度，阅读速度达到每分钟80词。

在阅读篇幅较长、难度略低、生词不超过总词数5%的材料时，能正确理解中心大意，抓住主要有关细节，阅读速度达到每分钟100词。

5）听的能力对题材熟悉、句子结构不太复杂、生词少、语速为每分钟80--100词的篇幅较长的会话、谈话、报道和讲座，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要点和有关细节，领会讲话者的观点和态度，并能进行分析、推理和判断。

6）说的能力能就教材内容和一般的听力材料进行问答和讨论，能就一般的社会生活话题进行简单的交谈、讨论和发言，表达思想清楚，语音、语调基本正确。

7）写的能力能在阅读难度与可闻相仿的书面材料时做笔记、回答问题、写提纲和摘要、能就一定的滑梯、提纲、表格或图示在半小时内写出近100个词的短文，能写日常应用文（如信函、简历等），内容完整，条理清楚，文理基本通顺。

8）译的能力能借助词典将难度略低于课文的英语短文译成汉语，理解正确，译文达意，译速为每小时250英语单词。

能借助词典将内容熟悉的汉语文字材料译成英语，译文达意，无重大语言错误，译速为每小时200汉字。

四、教学方法与手段:（一）重视打好语言基础，注意提高文化素养教学中必须把重点放在打好语言基础上。

语言基础包括语言知识和语言应用能力，前者指语音、语法和词汇等方面的知识，后者指综合运用这些知识进行读、听、写、译等语言活动的能力。

正确的语音语调、扎实的语法、一定的词汇量和熟练的词汇运用能力的提高有助于提高外语学习的效率，有利于提高语言应用能力。

语言应用能力的提高也必将促进语言知识的加深和巩固。

大学英语教学还应有助于学生开阔视野，扩大知识面，加深对世界的了解，借鉴和吸收外国文化精华，提高文化素养。

文化和语言有着密切的联系，一定的文化背景知识有助于促进语言应用能力的提高。

（二）坚持分类要求和因材施教的原则（三）正确处理阅读与听、说、写、译的关系阅读是掌握语言知识、打好语言基础、获取信息的重要渠道。

阅读能力是大部分大学生今后工作所需的主要语言技能。

在大学英语教学中要始终注意阅读能力的培养。

从语言学习的规律来看，英语应用能力的提高是建立在大量的语言输入，尤其是大量阅读的基础之上的。

但是，由于国际间交往的日益扩大，全面提高大学生的听、说、写、译等技能已越来越重要。

同时，英语应用能力是各种语言技能的综合反映，这些技能是相辅相成、互相促进的。

在具体的教学过程中，读、听、说、写、译的训练可以根据学生的特点和需要有所侧重，但要做到协调发展。

在培养读、听、说、写、译各项技能时，既要强调掌握和应用语言知识的准确性，又要注意应用语言时的流利程度和得体性。

（四）结合实际确定教学方法国内外出现的各种外语教学法无一不是特定环境下的产物。

我们需要学习国外的先进经验和方法，妥善处理好借鉴与继承的关系，立足于我国的国情和教学实际，探索出具有中国特色的大学英语教学的新路子。

教学法直接影响教学质量。

教师应根据不同的教学对象、不同阶段的不同教学要求，采用灵活机动、切合实际的教学方法，从而使学生得到最大的收益。

外语学习归根结底是学生自身的学习。

课堂是学生语言实践的重要场所。

课堂教学不仅要扩大学生的语言知识，加强和提高学生的语言应用能力，还要帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，培养自学能力。

要让学生懂得外语课是一门实践课，要求学生主动参与，积极实践，不断积累，持之以恒。

（五）重视教材在教学中的作用教材是实现教学大纲所确定的教学目标的重要保证。

为了打好语言基础，培养语言应用能力，提高文化素养，教材可以为课堂教学提供最佳的语言样本和有系统性、有针对性的语言实践活动的材料。

教师要充分利用教材所提供的语言教材组织好课堂教学和指导学生课外自学。

（六）妥善处理测试和教学的关系测试是贯彻执行教学大纲的重要保证。

科学的测试结果可以为教学提供良好的反馈，帮助教师了解教学效果，改进教学方法，提高教学质量；还可以帮助学生了解自己的学习情况，改进学习方法。

因此，测试应以大纲要求和教学内容为基本依据。

教学中，应注重学生实际语言应用能力的培养；测试中，要着重考核语言基础和语言应用能力，要采用一定比例的主观试题。

务必防止应试教学倾向。

（七）创造良好的语言环境，充分利用现代化的教学手段开展丰富多彩的英语课外活动有利于提高学生学习英语的兴趣和积极性。

因此，要积极优化校园英语学习环境，通过英语报刊、英语广播、英语角、英语演讲、等形式多样的课外活动，使学生有更多的接触英语的机会。

应采取积极措施，创造条件，大力推广、合理使用，设法利用现代化的教学手段（如录音、录像、电影、电视、网络以及多媒体课件），提高大学英语教学质量。

五、建议教材与教学参考书：[1]郑树棠等，《新视野大学英语》，外语教学与研究出版社，2003，1[2]李荫华柯彦玢等《大学英语（全新版）》，上海外语教育出版社，2001，9[3]应惠兰等，《新编大学英语》 , 外语教学与研究出版社 ,1999[4]赵增虎等,《新编大学英语自主训练》,外语教学与研究出版社 ,2001《新视野大学英语》第四册教学内容：Unit 1Section AThe Tail of Fame （精读）重点：单词：chase cruelty worship drown idle bored sustainminute discount distinct object accuse second fine justify 短语：at best run a\the risk remain\be true to object to accuse sb .of sth throw out难句：1.An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasi ng it.（分词短语）2.I'm going to the city in the morning to have my spring dresses fitted. （复合宾语）3.She wanted to reach out her hand in the darkness and touch him —w hich she might have done if she had not been a respectable woman. （虚拟语气）Section BThe Power of a Good Name (泛读)重点：单词：bathe enquire amuse relief furnish behave glue initiative restore induce obligation melt meanwhile短语：pen up cool off enquire into on credit open a door to keep on e’s word melt away fall apart hold up shrug off pave the way fo r.难句：1.At dinner afterwards I was subjected to a hostile quizzing by a group of women in their thirties who claimed that my whole analysis ignored the mo st basic change of all. （定语从句）2.It seems that love has got out of hand. （形式主语）3.The modern nuclear family was rooted in the desire to live happily in a more equal marriage, where the raising of children and the investment of bo th parents in the children's lives were guaranteed by bonds of friendship betw een the parents, which were based on rational love. （非限制性定语从句）4.There is a natural tendency for any relationship based on voluntary affe ction to come apart, but marriage provides the glue needed to keep a couple together by providing ties of family, in conjunction with the obligations of pa rents to children.（过去分词短语）Unit 2Section ACharlie Chaplin （精读）重点：单词：ankle temporarily comic tramp applause comedy scout crude clap revolt wicked cane quit pawnbroker pepper executesport moustache coarse postpone accent immensely script betray span rumor spark clumsy cop memorial 短语：be in rags for good trip it up make up on purpose bring abo ut result in难句：1.Certainly middle-class audiences did; the working-class audiences were mo re likely to clap for a character who revolted against authority, using his wick ed little cane to trip it up, or aiming the heel of his boot for a well-placed kic k at its broad rear.（分词短语）2.But if he'd been able to speak with an educated accent in those early s hort comedy movies, it's doubtful if he would have achieved world fame. （虚拟语气）3.Chaplin didn't have his jokes written into a script in advance; （过去分词作宾语补语）4.Thus, a broken alarm clock in the movie The Pawnbroker became a "sick" patient undergoing surgery; boots were boiled in his film The Gold Rush and their soles eaten with salt and pepper like prime cuts of fish (the nails being removed like fish bones). （现在分词作后置定语，省略）5．As Oona herself was the child of a large family with its own problems, she was well-prepared for the battle that Chaplin's life became as unfounded rumors of Marxist sympathies surrounded them both —and, later on, she wasthe center of rest in the quarrels that Chaplin sometimes sparked in their own large family of talented children. （定语从句）Section BThe Political Career of a Female Politician (泛读)重点：单词：opponent vote ambassador activist priority veteran inher it colonial jealous abuse短语：run for be tired of tear down in earnest keep doing难句：1.Ms. Mbogo launched her dream of a career in politics in 1992 by run ning for the Embu Council, facing the obstacles that often trouble African wo men running for political office.（现在分词短语）2. Ms. Mbogo also faced misunderstanding among the town's women, m any of whom initially were unwilling to vote for her. （非限制性定语从句）3.But after independence, leaders jealous to protect their power shut th em out of politics, a situation repeated across the continent. （形容词作后置定语）Unit 3Section ALonging for a New Welfare System （精读）重点：单词：bleed pension sticky compensation entitle detective certif y alert fortnight provision champion senator短语：be supposed to do … get involved in be expected to do … be entitled to do … account for build up go through难句：1.Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat, many people in wheelchairs I know bleed the system for a few extra dollars. （过去分词作状语）2. "You know, Mr. Callahan, I've heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average."3.But I would love to be able to pay for some of my living and not have to go through an embarrassing situation every time I need a spare part for my wheelchair.Section BThe Political Career of a Female Politician (泛读)重点：单词：colleague launch election sow jealous fierce illegal refresh 短语：run for. Vote in spy on\upon shut out of make up难句：1.The stacks of paper bore witness to a huge amount of work waiting to be done, even though I had been working seven days a week. （现在分词作后置定语）2．While he chatted with other tourists, I exchanged polite conversation in t he dark with a man seated in front of me, a Belgian who spoke fluent Englis h. （形容词作后置定语）3．The blind man and I followed. My hand held his elbow to steer him, b ut he stepped forward with no sign of hesitation or stoop, his shoulders squared, his head high, as though he were guiding me. （虚拟语气）Section AThe Telecommunications Revolution （精读）重点：单词：telecommunication boost utility optical diameter millimeter spider access condense desperate dispute thrive antique lic kstrategic scratch provincial partially lease cruise persist 短语：a parade of be made of leap over push ahead separate…f rom…log on to… get sth. up at one’s disposal keep pace with…难句：1.Modern communications "will give countries like China and Vietnam a h uge advantage over countries stuck with old technology". （过去分词短语作后置定语）2.This means that major cities are getting the basic infrastructure to become major parts of the information superhighway, allowing people to log on to t he most advanced services available. （现在分词短语作状语）3.To further reduce the waiting list for phones, Hungary has leased rights t o a Dutch -Scandinavian group of companies to build and operate what it says will be one of the most advanced digital mobile phone systems in the world.（动词不定式作状语）4.For wireless phone service providers, nowhere is business better than in L atin America —having an operation there is like having an endless pile of m oney at your disposal. （现在分词短语作状语）5.Thailand is also turning to wireless, as a way to allow Thais to make bet ter use of all the time they spend stuck in traffic.6.But its economy is stuck in recession and it barely has the money to eve n scratch the surface of the problem.Section BThe Information Superhighway (泛读)重点：单词：guitar jazz cassette catalogue tutor feedback carrier trem endously video format dose segment correspondent vacuumcrucial alarm concede短语：have access to… come up with… refer to… sign up rely on… be of value be of benefit hear of难句：1.Need some new reading material, like a magazine or book? No problem. Just sit down in front of your home computer or TV and enter what you want, when you want it, from an electronic catalogue containing thousands of titles.（现在分词短语作后置定语）2．Just sign up for the language course offered by a school in another dis trict or city, have the latest edition of the course teaching materials sent to you r computer, and attend by video. （过去分词短语作后置定语，复合宾语）3.While nearly everyone has heard of the information superhighway, even e xperts differ on exactly what the term means and what the future it promises will look like. （从句作介词宾语）4.Directing the union are technological advances that have made it easier to store and rapidly transmit information into homes and offices. （倒装形式宾语）Unit 5Section AChoose to Be Alone on Purpose （精读）重点：单词：divorce widow committ embarrassing reject cabin delibera tely inspiration solitude hut nobility choke commodityphilosophergraceful benign voluntary cushion priest短语：fill up stay up late to do sth. stay up late in doing sth. at one sittingat length be fond of难句：1.The indoors was full of loved ones keeping the kettle warm till they came home. （现在分词短语作定语）2.It's important to stop waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfort able, at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in our condition, not like a self-centered British poet but like a patient princess sealed up in a t ower, waiting for the happy ending to our fairy tale. （复合句；现在分词短语作状语）3.The more modest and humble we feel, the more we suffer from solitude, feeling ourselves inadequate company. （现在分词短语作状语）4. He had company in and out of the hut all day, asking him how he could possibly be so noble. （现在分词短语作状语）Section BRoommate Conflicts (泛读)重点：单词：identical dilemma trumpet vibrate personality stale depre ssion psychological holy短语：get along with give up enjoy doing sth. turn off range fro m…to… strike out难句：1.Identical twins Katie and Sarah Monahan arrived at Pennsylvania's Gettys burg College last year determined to strike out on independent paths. （形容词短语）2.Learning to tolerate a stranger's habits may teach undergraduates flexibili ty and the art of compromise, but the learning process is often painful. （现在分词短语作状语）Unit 6Section ABribery and Business Ethics （精读）重点：单词：bribery ethics negotiation substantial license procedural exaggerate competitive commercial短语：be accused o f doing… be prepared to do… be ready to do…in private consist of…难句：1.By announcing this, it joined more than 300 other U.S. companies that had admitted to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission that they had m ade payments of one kind or another —bribes, extra discounts, etc. —in rece nt years. （介词短语作状语）2. For example, one U.S. corporation offered a large sum of money in su pport of a U.S. presidential candidate at a time when the company was under investigation for possible violations of U. S. business laws.3.In this category, we may also include large payments made to ruling fa milies or their close advisers in order to secure arms sales or major petroleum o r construction contracts. （过去分词作后置定语）Section BThe Biggest Threat to the Role of Police Officers (泛读)重点：单词：tackle bullet imitate surrender impressive innocent debate specialist encounter violence equivalent provided priority pro sperous,短语: throw up have responsibility for… be in favor carry out难句：1.In future, if you want to know what time it is there might not be much point asking a policeman.（宾语从句；现在分词短语作介词宾语）2.Every summer about a dozen journalists gather at a former army training camp north of London to spend the day watching the training of London's s pecial armed police unit. （动名词作介词宾语）3.Recalling my own experience shooting a gun on the practice range, I ce rtainly would not want the responsibility. （现在分词短语作状语）Unit SevenSection AResearch into Population Genetics （精读）重点：单词：Genetics remarkable vary genes discount racially biased feature proteins resemble descend primitive短语: to date nothing less than as of be confronted by… adapt to in combination with shed new light on难句：1.Result: the closest thing we have to a global family tree. （省略）ing data collected by scientists over decades, the authors assembled pr ofiles of hundreds of thousands of individuals from almost 2,000 groups. （现在分词短语作状语）3.What the eye sees as racial differences —between Europeans and Afri cans, for example —are mainly a way to adapt to climate as humans move from one continent to another. （名词性从句）4.A genetic trail visible on the maps shows that the breeding ground fo r this mixed population probably lies in Ethiopia or the Middle East. （形容词作后置定语）Section BGeniuses and Better Parenting (泛读)重点：单词：genius myth fascinate stimulation parental identify asse sscrucial prodigy cultivate intellectual短语: spr ing up plenty of go out of their way to do … pick up难句：1.Through having the chance to talk with adults, children pick up not o nly language skills but also adult habits and styles of thought. （介词短语作状语）2.Stimulating parents were more actively involved in what their children did, steering them towards certain fields and pushing them to work hard, ofte n acting as a tutor. (现在分词短语作状语)Unit 8Section ASlavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose （精读）重点：单词：exclusively automobile chewing peer cautiously timid bold frig htening gatepost differ generously bribing guarantee elbow depression haltcivilization slavery短语：disapprove of belong to get off for instance have … in com mon难句：1.The terrible war that made me an American instead of a slave said "O n the line!" The period following the Civil War said "Get set!"; and the genera tion before me said "Go!"2. It is quite exciting to hold the center of the national stage, with the au dience not knowing whether to laugh or to weep. （介词后带独立分词结构）3.We enter chatting about any little things that we have in common and t he white man would sit calmly in his seat, listening to me with interest. （现在分词表伴随）4.Pour out the contents, and there is discovered a pile of small things both valuable and worthless. （There be 结构的变体）Section BWhy Are Women Afraid of Wrinkles (泛读)重点：单词：wrinkle miracle treatment authority therapy advertisement ingred ient abnormal prompt multiply accelerate extracts marine shrimpnutritional demonstrate ultimately短语：poure out attach to get rid of take responsibility for specialize in 难句：1.When I casually mentioned to a colleague that I was looking into skin cream that claimed to beat back the destruction that comes with age, her worri es poured out. （宾语从句被分割）2.Fingering her beautiful but finely-lined features, she explained that, altho ugh she knew that her discovery had more to do with the shock resulting fro m the sudden end of a six-year relationship than early ageing, she just had to do something about it. （现在分词短语作状语，构词法）3．Fuelled by the immense value attached to youth, it has made millions out of vacant promises of renewing faces and bodies. （过去分词短语作状语）4.Offering a more scientific interpretation, Brian Newman, a British surgeo n who has studied Imedeen, explains that the compound has a specific actionas food is digested, preventing the destruction of essential proteins in the diet and allowing them to be absorbed in a state more easily utilized by the skin. (现在分词作状语，定语从句，)Unit 9Section AMake Euro Disney More European （精读）重点：单词：mouse inspector individual violate recreation invasion extraordina ry financial concession resort theme attendance competition legendprominently medieval figure短语：be similar to in a flash as well as believe in难句：1.The opening of Eastern Europe is another prize for the company, which th inks that millions of people will put Disneyland at the top of a list of places to visit on their first trip to Western Europe. (非限制性定语从句)2.Asked to describe other aspects of the effort to make the park more Europ ean, a spokesman mentioned that direction signs in the theme park will be in French as well as English, and that some performers will chat in French, Span ish and English. （过去分词短语作状语）Section BNot to Expect Profits Soon from Euro Disney (泛读)重点：单词：acknowledge elaborate sustain financial revenue reversal amid emotionally preliminary短语：gear up for warn sb. against… be superior to be described as 难句：1.Reacting to the announcement, stock market experts Paribas Capital Mar kets Group issued a "sell" recommendation on Euro Disney stock, saying thatattendance levels for the period were 15 percent below its expectations and spe nding on food and other goods was 10 percent below. （现在分词短语作状语）2.The main problem confronting Euro Disney appears to be managing its costs and finding an appropriate price level for its over 5,000 hotel rooms. （现在分词短语作定语）Unit 10Section AHow to Cultivate "EQ" (精读)重点：单词：contribution employee intelligence inflexible adaptive emotio nal evolutionary passion integrate perspective perspective perceptionmechanisms crucial短语：aim at think of … as take note set aside nothing less than难句：1.That done, we are "biologically wired" with what one of the nation's lead ing brain researchers calls our own "world view". (省略)2. So unique is the personal experience that people would understand the w orld differently. (倒装)3.The force of habit —literally the established wiring of your brain —will pull you away from practicing these skills.Section BEQ Plays a Role in Personal Success (泛读)重点：单词：gentle torture dependable teenager challenge brilliance mis match reward triumph irresponsible virtually upbeat sympathy convenientlycontroversial ingredient短语：amount to substitute for break out depend on难句：1.His theory: when it comes to predicting people's success, brain capacity as measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once th ought of as "character".2.What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work toget her; how one's ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to conce ntrate and put intelligence to use. (名词性从句)3.He sees practical applications everywhere for how companies should dec ide whom to hire, how couples can increase the odds that their marriages will last, how parents should raise their children and how schools should teach the m.。