上海市2019年高考英语模拟试题9(含解析)
上海市2019年高考英语模拟试题9(含解析)
上海市2019年高考英语模拟试题9（含解析）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions： In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions 'will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have, heard.1. A. $10. B. $8. C. $16. D. $12.2. A. At a concert. B. At a restaurant.C. At an art museum.D. At a flower shop.3. A. A teacher. B. A policeman. C. A doctor. D. An athlete.4. A. Parent and child. B. Husband and wife.C. Teacher and student.D. Shop assistant and customer.5. A. A pair of trousers. B. A suit.C. A coat.D. A blouse.6. A. The man is planning a trip to Austin. B. The man has not been to Austin before.C. The man doesn’t like Austin.D. The man has been to Austin before.7. A. Find a larger room. B. Sell the old table.C. Buy two bookshelves.D. Rearrange some furniture.8. A. She is fond of pizza very much.B. She disagrees with the man.C. She doesn’t understand what the man says.D. She doesn’t like pizza very much, either.9. A. She doesn't mind it as the road conditions are good.B. She is tired of driving in heavy traffic.C. She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day.D. She enjoys it because she's good at driving.10. A. It was a long lecture, but easy to understand.B. It was not as easy as she had expected.C. It was as difficult as she had expected.D. It was interesting and easy to follow.Section B (15%)Directions ： In Section B，you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage and conversation , you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the jour possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Twin volunteers. B. Twin prisoners.C. Two police officers.D. Two patients.12. A. To see if tea and coffee would do any harm to people.B. To see how much tea and coffee one could drink a day.C. To see whether his people were telling a lie.D. To see whether the drinks had the same effect.13. A. They both lived a long life. B. One of them survived the experiment.C. Both of them died soon.D. They suffered a lot from the experiment. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is listed in the teaching program. B. It is important to English teaching.C. Effective listening results in good grades.D. It's more taught than any other subject.15. A. Listening helps to send plain message.B. Listening develops interpersonal relationship.C. Listening has little to do with interpersonal relationship.D. Good listening helps to deliver an important speech.16. A. Good listening means a good job.B. Listening requires understanding.C. With good listening, you can receive messages.D. Listening is an important means of communication.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Boss and employee.C. Fellow workers.D. Teacher and guide.18. A. Marketing products. B. Studying a foreign language.C. Developing teaching programs.D. Selling software.19. A. Social background. B. Work experience.C. Wide knowledge.D. Intelligent mind.20. A. To Japan B. To Chile. C. To Korea. D. To South AmericaII. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.The sun’s changing energy levels are not to blame for recent global warming and, if anything, solar variations over the past 20 years should have had a cooling effect, scientists have said.Their findings add to a growing body of evidence ___1___ human activity, not natural causes, lies behind the rising average world temperatures, which ___2___ (expect) to reach their second highest level this year since records began in the 1860s.There is little doubt that solar variability has influenced the Earth’s climate in the past and ___3___ well have been a factor in the first half of the last century, but British and Swiss researchers said ___4___ could not explain recent warming. Over the past 20 years，all the trends in the sun that could have had an influence on Earth's climate ___5___ (be) in the opposite direction to that required to explain the observed rise in global mean temperatures.Most scientists say emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly from burning fossil (化石的) fuels in power plants, factories and cars, are the prime cause of the current warming trend. A ___6___ (decrease) group pins the blame on natural variations inthe climate system, or a gradual rise in the sun’s energy output.They concluded that ___7___ rapid rise in global mean temperatures seen since the late 1980s could not be attributed to solar variability, ___8___ mechanism was used.The ___9___ (warm) years in the past 150 years have all been since 1990 and a United Nations climate panel, ___10___ (draw) on the work of 2,500 scientists, said this year it was “very likely” that human activities were the main cause.【答案】1. that2. are expected3. may4. it5. have been6. decreasing7. the 8. whatever9. warmest 10. drawing【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现全球平均气温不断上升的背后是人类活动，而非自然原因。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．The impact of painful memories．B．New research on a pill and the argument about it．C．A way of wiping out painful memories．D．A proper method for changing memories．（2）A．It can cause the brain to fix memories．B．It can stop people remembering bad experiences．C．It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals．D．It can wipe out the emotional effects of memories．（3）A．Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill．B．The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C．Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D．The pill has already been produced and used by the American public．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Wearing high heels can improve women's balance．B．Wearing high heels exposes women to strains．C．Wearing high heels can result in back pain．D．Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns．（2）A．They should choose proper heels．B．They should exercise their ankle muscles properly．C．They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently．D．They should give up the habit of wearing high heels．（3）A．Because they thought it was fashionable．B．Because it was a symbol of status．C．Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D．Because it was required by European emperors．13．（6分）（1）A．Believing in themselves．B．Writing a book．C．Challenging their life．D．Asking for help．（2）A．She makes children's programs．B．She gets involved in legal decisions．C．She simplifies a judge's job．D．She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A．Sharing things with others．B．Solving problems．C．Talking with others．D．Having her opinions heard．（4）A． A judge's reflection on her job and life．B．The success of a children's program．C．The importance of law in daily life．D．The problems people meet in court．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）However depressed you may be feeling now，if you look back，there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣maybe the time （1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is，happiness doesn't usually last．The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off，and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （2）（well）on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣that is，（3）good something makes us feel，most of the time we drift back to （4）we started．An often （5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣winners eighteen months after their win．But don't despair．It is possible to make happiness last．Psychologists have found two anti﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness：variety and appreciation．Variety is，as we all know，the spice of life．But it's also a useful weapon （6）adaptation．Positive changes that （7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness．For example，you will feel happier about your volunteer work （8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation，is in many ways the opposite of adaptation．It's about focusing on something，instead of letting it fade into the background．It is only when you appreciate something （9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money，without giving any thought to what you will do with the money．The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to makethe most of the ones you've been given．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is．A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to （1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits．Over the past few years，Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in．They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it，along with third﹣party data that might be available．Now，to be clear，there's nothing particularly （5）about what Spotify is doing with your data．I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （6）you might be in a casually racist mood．Nevertheless，I find it （7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go，can't you？As ad targeting gets ever more complicated，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （8）exploitative ways．According to one study，titled Misery Is Not Miserly，you are more likely to spend more on a （9）if you're feeling sad．You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that．And on that note，I'm feeling a little down about all this．I'll （10）off to treat myself to something expensive．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism．And while the presence of its scent is （1）throughout the world entirely，its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America．As the framework of its history，America holds individuality as the ever﹣popular green light，the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for，well，almost everything．In fact，in America's current social status，individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （2）applied upon the face of the media，where it was （3）valued as the American dream．There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for （4）it．However，（5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state，perhaps humans，when stripped （剥）to their core （核心），are everything but．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences．The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans，along with the （6）and relationships between them．It is a （7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus．Indeed，interaction is the core of experience．Therefore，in order that humans are the sum of their experiences，they must be the sum of the people that they meet，just as well．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self﹣entitled individualism was （8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept．Questions （9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣my family，my teachers，all of my friends，and even strangers ﹣then whatis left that is just me？What part of me is just me？How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people？Is such a （10）between myself and others even possible？"Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a （11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me，as I have put a stop to the idea that the "real" me is some lostisolated island on top of an ocean of influence．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（n）（13）between influenceand individualism，as such is a line that cannot be distinct．（14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture，and a steady question．Thus，it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （15）the lie of individualism．Hopefully，they will come into acceptance．（1）A．unpredictable B．untrustworthy C．unreliable D．undeniable （2）A．necessity B．characteristic C．mark D．model（3）A．later B．previously C．extremely D．publicly（4）A．destroying B．appreciating C．chasing D．escaping（5）A．though B．if C．since D．as（6）A．conflict B．tension C．interaction D．cooperation （7）A．common B．rare C．frequent D．strange（8）A．right B．justified C．unclear D．false（9）A．affected B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised（10）A．separation B．combination C．contrast D．communication （11）A．secret B．mystery C．truth D．fantasy（12）A．gap B．belief C．factor D．change（13）A．distinction B．connection C．exchange D．medium（14）A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Furthermore （15）A．break up B．make up C．cope with D．see through Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don't know what it is．Dooring is when a driver orpassenger opens the door into another road user﹣typically cyclist﹣without looking for other road users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke，but it's not and can have serious consequences．Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly，and people to be encouraged to look before they open．"The charity says 2，009 of the 3，000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants，not just drivers，to look before opening vehicle doors．One of the ways the charity suggests is the "Dutch reach"，where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non﹣door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle．Mr．Tuohy said："In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach'，which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK．""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring' through a public awareness THINK style campaign．"If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you，consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door．That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3？A．To cause public concern．B．To report the terrible accidents．C．To show the danger of car dooring．D．To stress the importance of traffic safety．（2）While doing the "Dutch reach"，you should．A．sit still in your seatB．open the car door politelyC．use the inside hand to open the doorD．use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text？A．Many people are ignorant of car dooring．B．The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C．Dooring incidents are all attended by police．D．Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring？A．Negative．B．Ridiculous．C．Neutral．D．Concerned18．（6分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule．The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions．Classes are not held on University holidays．The upcoming class sessions will be：Spring 2018：February 1﹣April 7Summer 2018：June 13﹣August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted．If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus．The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building．Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S．E．and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p．m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on all University holidays．Office Address160 University International Center，331﹣17th Ave．S．E．，Minneapolis，MN 55414 Phone：612625﹣5080Fax：612﹣625﹣5158Email：confucius（@ umn．edu（1）Chinese Rehab．A．costs more moneyB．is held on MondayC．lasts one and a half hoursD．has four classes a week（2）To get information about the classes，you can visit the office．A．on Monday noonB．at 12：30 a．m．，TuesdayC．on Wednesday eveningD．at 1：30 p．m．，Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A．The schedule may be changeable．B．They can be one﹣to﹣one instruction．C．They are held on University holidays．D．They start at the beginning of the University semester．19．（8分）Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学），though firmly tested，is so weird and anti﹣intuitivethat physicist Richard Feynman once remarked，"I think I can safely say nobody understands quantum mechanics．" Attempts to explain some of the bizarre （奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind﹣bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many﹣worlds interpretation．Now there's a new theory on the block，called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW），and the idea is just as profound as it sounds．The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist，but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable．Though still speculative （推测的），the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real，each representing an actual，though parallel，world．One problem with the many﹣worlds interpretation，however，has been that it is fundamentally untestable，since observations can only be made in our world．Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined．MIW，however，says otherwise．It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level，and in fact that they do．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957，" explained Howard Wiseman，a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW．"In the well﹣known ‘Many﹣Worlds Interpretation'，each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made．All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣in some universes the dinosaur﹣killing asteroid （小行星）missed Earth．In others，Australia was colonized by the Portuguese．""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence our universe at all，" he added．"On this score，our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different，as its name implies．"Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘nearby'（i．e．similar）worlds，which tends to make them more dissimilar．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force，they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interactwith other worlds，Wiseman said："It's not part of our theory．But the idea of human interactions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy．"What might your life look like if you made different choices？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1﹣2，which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A．It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is．B．The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition（直觉）based．C．Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways．D．Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research．（2）According to paragraph 3﹣5，the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A．MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB．MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC．The previous one is based on profound foundationD．The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage，critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A．the origin of these parallel universesB．the foundation of these universesC．the reality of these other universesD．the ways of how these parallel universes interact（4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A．someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB．humans may make different choices simultaneously （同时地）and live in different universesC．humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD．life would be more unexpected，but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ended run on Broadway in 2019．（1）Directed by Xu Jun，Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II，was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（2）The musical's scheduled open﹣ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States．With this play being shown on Broadway，the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened．And through this drama，the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture．（3）To deal with the problem，many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences．Currently，those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences，white﹣collar and even gold﹣collar workers．There are onlya handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivatethe public and get them into the theater．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai．The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia，both of which had hundreds of shows across China，are among the top box office hits．Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday？" Lindsey whispers to Tori．With her eyes shining，Tori brags，"You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me．Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip．An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about．Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic﹣breakups，trouble at home﹣thata person would rather keep secret．The more embarrassing the secret is，the juicier the gossipit makes．Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie．People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain．If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us．Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't．Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority．Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act．Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group．For instance，if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention．The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation．The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"might have．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（have trouble）23．（3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（assure）24．（4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（despite）25．（5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（until）Guided Writing26．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay；二维码QR code）2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer。
2019年上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷(解析版)
2019年上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．At a restaurant．B．In a plane．C．In an office．D．At a hotel．2．（1分）A．Doctor and patientB．Professor and student．C．Customer and waiter．D．Secretary and manager．3．（1分）A．7：00 p．m．B．4：45 p．m．C．5：00 p．m．D．5：30 p．m．4．（1分）A．Satisfied．B．Understanding．C．Doubtful．D．Appreciative．5．（1分）A．Dick is a real horse lover．B．Dick will go to town．C．Dick will break his word．D．Dick will finish the task．6．（1分）A．¥110．B．¥165C．¥220D．¥1357．（1分）A．The woman should decide where to travel．B．The woman should ask others for advice．C．He will make the decisionD．He is going abroad．8．（1分）A．How to cultivate a hobby．B．What to listen to．C．How to handle stress．D．What to read．9．（1分）A．She is lovely．B．She is ambitious．C．She is humorous．D．She is responsible．10．（1分）A．The man prefers dining out tonight．B．There's something wrong with the kitchen．C．The woman would not help the man with cooking．D．The woman doesn't think cooking at home is a good idea．Section B （15分）Directions：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．Animals have emotion and social skills．B．Animals' mental experience can be tested．C．Animals' choice of partnership relies on pictures．D．Animals feel pain in the same way that humans do．（2）A．Identify a familiar face．B．Make a crying sound．C．Build up short﹣up term partnershipsD．Avoid being shut in the same stall．（3）A．Cows can remember what happened in the past．B．Cows are better at making friends with people．C．Cows are happy when seeing a familiar face．D．Cows have a better memory than sheep．12．（4.5分）（1）A．When one's throat is soft．B．When one dreams at night．C．When one sleeps with the mouth open．D．When one breathes with the mouth closed．（2）A．Two．B．Three．C．Four．D．Five．（3）A． A new anti﹣snoring device．B．A tissue causing snoring．C．A university dentist．D．A common problem．13．（6分）（1）A．Simon．B．Lisa．C．Mr．Green．D．The repairman．（2）A．The ceiling was broken．B．The apartment was falling．C．The lights were not working．D．The air﹣conditioner was out of order．（3）A．He would get a repair person to repair the room．B．He had taken the cost from the rent check．C．He needed a month to get the job done．D．He would take the apartment back．（4）A．Skills for fixing an apartment．B．A request for legal consultation．C．A tip for dealing with landlords．D．Steps of signing renting contracts．II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）Wayward Penguin（企鹅）Released South of New ZealandHe needed a little push before speeding backward down a slide．Once in the water，he held his head up for one last look．And then he was gone．The wayward emperor penguin （1）（know）as "Happy Feet" was back home in Antarctic waters after a temporary stay in New Zealand．Happy Feet was released into the ocean south of New Zealand on Sunday，more than two months after he came ashore on a beach nearly 2，000 miles from home and became an instant celebrity．（2）（speak）from a satellite phone，Wellington Zoo veterinarian Lisa Argilla said Happy Feet's release went remarkably smoothly．Argilla said crew members from the boat carried the penguin inside his box to the rear part of the ship for his final send﹣off．（3）when they opened the door of the box，the penguin showed no interest in leaving．"I needed to give him a little tap on his back，" Argilla said．The penguin slipped down the slide on his stomach，bottom first，she said．He resurfaced about 6feet from the boat，（4）（take）a look up at the people aboard，and then disappeared beneath the surface．"I was really happy to see him go，" Argilla said．"The best part of my job is when you get to release animals back into the wild （5）they are supposed to be．"The 3﹣foot﹣tall bird was found on June 20 on Peka Peka Beach，about 40 miles northwest of New Zealand's capital，Wellington．It has been 44 years （6）an emperor penguin was last spotted in the wild in New Zealand．At first，conservation authorities said they would wait and let nature take its course with the penguin．But it soon became clear the bird's condition was growing （7）（bad），as he swallowed sand and，likely mistaking it for snow．（8）the world watching，authorities finally took action，moving the penguin to the Wellington Zoo four days after he was discovered．It was at the zoo （9）the bird was given a home in a room filled with a bed of ice so he wouldn't overheat．Now that Happy Feet （10）（nurse）back to health，his chances are as good as they are for any other penguin in the wild．"He swam away，not caring about us anymore，" Argilla said．She paused．"And that is a good thing，" she said．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Is climate change consuming your favorite foods？Coffee：Whether or not you try to limit yourself to one cup of coffee a day，the effects of climate change on the world's coffee﹣growing regions may leave you little choice．C（1）America，Africa，Asia and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and unstable rainfall patterns，which invite disease and （2）species to live on the coffee plant and ripening beans．The result？Significant cuts in coffee yield and less coffee in your cup．It is estimated that，if current climate patterns continue，half of the areas（3）suitable for coffee production won't be by the year 2050．Tea：When it comes to tea，warmer climates and erratic precipitation aren't only （4）the world's tea﹣growing regions，they're also messing with its distinct flavor．For example，in India，researchers have already discovered that the Indian Monsoon has brought more intense rainfall，making tea flavor weaker．Recent research coming out of the University of Southampton suggests that tea﹣producing areas in some places，（5）East Africa，could decline by as much as 55 percent by 2050 as precipitation and temperatures change．Tea pickers are also feeling the （6）of climate change．During harvest season，increased air temperatures are creating an increased risk of heatstroke for field workers．Seafood：Climate change is affecting the world's aquaculture as much as its agriculture．As air temperatures rise，oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and（7）warming of their own．The result is a decline in fish population，including in lobsters （who are cold﹣blooded creatures），and salmon （whose eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temps）．Warmer waters also （8）toxic marine bacteria，like Vibrio，to grow and cause illness in humans whenever ingested with raw seafood，like oysters or sashimi．And that （9）"crack" you get when eating crab and lobster？It could be silenced as shellfish struggle to build their calcium（碳）carbonate shells，a result of ocean acidification （absorb carbon dioxide from the air）．According to a study，scientists predicted that if over﹣fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate，the world's seafood （10）would run out by the year 2050．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）Michael Wang was a senior at James Logan High School，US，back in 2012．According to The New Yorker，he was confident that he could get into an Ivy League university，such as Harvard or Yale．He had a high GPA，（1）at debating and co﹣founded a math club．He was also a talented pianist．（2），his dream universities turned him down．His less talented classmates，who were Hispanic or African ﹣American，were admitted into these schools．It made him wonder if he was （3）because he was Asian．On Oct 15，a lawsuit against Harvard brought on behalf of Asian﹣American students like Wang Began．students for Fair Admissions（SFFA），a US non﹣profit organization．（4）Harvard for using racial balancing in their admissions process．Harvard has denied the （5）considers many factors（6）whether a student should be admitted，including academic performance and extracurricular activities．Harvard added that the number of Asian﹣Americans admitted to the school had greatly increased since 2010．"Race alone is never the reason a students （7）admission，"William Lee，a lawyer for Harvard，told the guardian．"And race is never the reason a student is denied．"Harvard is not the only university to have been accused of （8）against Asian ﹣Americans．In September，the US Justice Department begin to（9）whether Yale University discriminates against Asian﹣Americans，The case has （10） a longstanding debate over affirmative action policies（平均法案政策）that allow universities to use race as a factor when considering applications．The policies（11）benefit African ﹣American and latino students in an effort to make up for centuries of racial discrimination，according to THE NEW YORK Times，the SFFA wants the use of race in the admissions process to be ended，（12）that it causes inequality．"People should be judged on character a and （13），"However，in a student，Havard said that （14）the race criterion would "reduce students' opportunities to live and learn in a diverse campus environment"．Although the case has just begun，the （15）"judgement" could influence admissions to US universities for years to come，" according to AI Jaxeera，a Qatar based TV station（1）A．crazy B．amazed C．gifted D．slow（2）A．Besides B．Fortunately C．Undoubtedly D．However（3）A．rejected B．dismissed C．enclosed D．stopped（4）A．trapped B．oppressed C．sued D．blamed（5）A．charge B．mistake C．claim D．compaint（6）A．conforming B．determining C．acknowledging D．surveying（7）A．robbed B．granted C．entitled D．convinced（8）A．preference B．favor C．opposition D．discrimination （9）A．investigate B．research C．wonder D．inquire（10）A．preference B．infected C．fueled D．brought（11）A．necessarily B．equally C．traditionally D．unintentionally （12）A．consider B．debating C．annoying D．arguing（13）A．acaedemice B．stength C．benefit D moralities（14）A．dropping B．setting C．implementing D．imposing（15）A．official B．existent C．gradual D．eventual Directions：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Jack London，one of America's major writers of adventure tales，was born in California in 1876．During his life，London worked at many jobs．His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing．London loved to read．As a teenager，he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland，California，public library．He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley，but he stayed for only six months．He thought Berkeley was "not lively enough"and wanted to do something more exciting．London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living．He knew their problems first hand．He worked as a sailor，farmer，factory employee，railroad worker，and gold prospector，to name just a few of his many jobs．London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland．He loved the water．When he was fifteen years old，he bought a small sailboat called a sloop．Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner，which is a much larger sailing boat．Like many people of the time，London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever．In 1897，he headed for Alaska．He didn't find gold，but he discovered something even more valuable．He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination．London entertained the miners with story after story．Later，using his experiences during the Gold Rush，he created many more colorful stories．London resolved to live a full，exciting life．He once said，"I would rather be a superb meteor（流星），every atom of me in magnificent glow，than a sleepy and permanent planet．"Each day，he pushed himself．Once London determined that he was going to be a writer，nothing could stop him．His goal was to write at least one thousand words every day．He refused to stop even when he was sick．In eighteen years，the writer published fifty﹣onebooks and hundreds of articles．He was the best﹣selling and highest﹣paid author of his day．Many people also considered him to be the best writer．White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness．Readers can enjoy Jack London's energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels．（1）Why was Jack London able to write on many topics？A．He pushed himself to reach goals．B．He had a variety of experiences and jobs．C．He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush．D．He was the best﹣selling and highest﹣paid author．（2）What prevented Jack London form finishing college？A．That he was hired to sail to Japan．B．That he traveled to Alaska in 1897．C．That he spent much of his time writing．D．That he was not interested in college life enough．（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicates that Jack London．A．is expert at universe．B．aims high and strive to succeed．C．is excited about life if the wildness．D．face a choice between life and death．（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？A．To support the statement that London was the "best writer？．B．To describe life during the klondike Gold Rush．C．To provide information on Jack ‘s life．D．To identify books written by Jack London．18．（6分）USING YOUR GOLDEN ARROW MULTIPURPOSE CALCULATOR TO DETERMINE THE DA TE AND TIME AT YOUR LOCA TION AS WELL AS LOCA TIONS AROUND THE GLOBE SEETING THE DATE AND TIME FOR YOUR LOCATION Use the TIME ZONE chart below to locate code that corresponds with the time zone inwhich you live．Select the major city that shares your time zone．Press the code that corresponds to that city （e．g．，if you live in Washington ，Oregon California，or Nevada，all of which are located in the Pacific time zone，you would choose Los Angeles and press the corresponding code which is the 1key）．1．Press TIME twice．The two digits representing hours will begin to flash．2．Depress and hold the ▲or▼key until the desired hour flashes．Then release．3．Press SET．The two digits representing minutes will begin to flash．4．Depress and hold the ▲or▼key until the desired minute fleshes．Then release．5．Press SET．The two digits representing seconds will begin to flash．6．Depress and hold the ▲or▼key until 00 flashes．The release．7．Press SET．To set the year，month，and day press DATE three times．Then repeat steps 2 through 7．NOTE：At this point，hour ，minutes and seconds will change to year，month，and day．DETERMINAING DA TE AND TIME FOR THE WORLD'S16 TIME ZONES1．PRESS ZONE TWICE．2．Use the TIME ZONE chart below to locate the code that corresponds to the time zone for which you desire the date and time．Press that code （e．g．，press ＝to determine the date and time in Hong Kong）．The selected date and time will alternately display for 10 seconds and then return automatically to your home date and time．﹣﹣（1）This article serves to explain how to．A．press the or keys to adjust timeB．determine the time zone around the worldC．set global locations to find Pacific time zoneD．use the calculator to display time，date and location（2）If you are at a net meeting in London at 9 a．m．，what time is it for your colleagues in Japan？A．9 p．m．．B．6 p．m．．C．11 a．m．．D．8 a．m．．（3）What sequence of steps would you follow to check the time in Moscow？A．Press ZONE twice．Press 9．B．Press ZONE twice．Press+3．C．Press ZONE twice．Press 9．Press+3．D．Press ZONE twice．Press 9 three times．19．（8分）Medicine is the most noble of all the arts，but owing to the ignorance of those whopractice it，and those who inconsiderately form a judgment of them，it is now far behind all the other arts．Their mistake appears to me to arise principally from the fact that there is no punishment for the practice of medicine except disgrace，and that does not hurt those who are familiar with it．Such persons are like the figures introduced in tragedies，for as they have the shape，and dress，and appearance of an actor，but are not actors，so also physicians are many in title but very few in reality．Whoever is to acquire a competent knowledge of medicine ought to proccess the following advantages：a natural character；instruction；a favorable position for the study；early tuition；love for labor；leisure．First of all，a natural talent is required，for Nature leads the way to what is most excellent；then instruction in the art takes place，which the student must try to adopt by reflection，becoming an early pupil in a place well adapted for instruction．He must also bring to the task a love of labor and perseverance to ensure the instruction takes root．Instruction in medicine is like the culture of the productions of the earth．For our natural character，is，as it were，the soil；the principals of our teacher are，as it were，the seed．Instruction in youth is like the planting of the seed in the ground at the proper season．Diligent study is like the cultivation of the fields；and it is time which passes on strength to all things and brings them to maturity．Having brought all these essentials to the study of medicine，and having acquired a true knowledge of it，we shall thus，in travelling around，be respected physicians not only in name but in reality．Inexperience is a bad trait，and does harm to those who possess it，nurturing either timidity or audacity（胆大安为）．For timidity reveals a want of powers，and audacity a lack of skill．Physicians who are eager for power or those who are undertrained are not a blessing to a community．Those things which are sacred or noble，are to be delivered only to sacred persons；and it is wrong to import them to the profane until they have been initiated in the mysteries of the science．（1）Based on paragraph 1，which of the following best characterizes bad physicians？A．They are greedy．B．They are pretenders．C．They are difficult to contact．D．They are the minority．（2）According to paragraph 2，what must accompany the personal quality of a physician？A．A good education．B．A supportive family．C．Approval from the authority．D．Popularity in the community．（3）If the author of the passage were to use a heading for each paragraph，which heading would fit best before paragraph 3？A．An Herbal Treatment．B．Medicine and Gardening．C．The Growth of a Physician．D．Understanding Agriculture First．（4）Based on the underlined sentences in paragraph 5，what is the relationship between the words "sacred" and "profane"？A．The two words are exactly the same in meaning．B．The two words are similar in meaning．C．The two words are of the same root．D．The two words are opposites．Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Help Migrant WorkersThere is nothing like going home．More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion．For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more．To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year's toil in his pocket is the best thing he can think of．（1）．They had to press hard for their defaulted payments，the salaries that were failed to pay up．About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades．It is almost impossible to imagine life in these places without them．However，they still form a disadvantaged group．Their rights are violated in different forms．Among other things，unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions．（2）．（3）They have taken measures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them．Yet，as the financial crisis bites deep，some small enterprises that are struck the most try to reduce their economic losses by laying off migrant workers or refusing to pay them．So it is particularly important for governments at all levels to do an even better job in helping villager﹣turned﹣workers recover their unpaid salaries before the Spring Festival．It is good news that quite a number of local governments have organized special taskforces to conduct inspections in those labor﹣intensive enterprises to make sure they have paid their migrant workers in a timely and fair manner．Construction commissions in almost all provinces have published hotlines for farmer﹣turned﹣construction workers to lodge complaints against their employers for withholding their salaries．（4）．But we needto look for solutions that will work at all times．We need to put in place a mechanism that will effectively prevent employers from holding back salaries to workers．Ⅳ. Summary Writing.21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．To Friend or UnfriendSocial networking makes it very easy to have friends ﹣lots and lots friends．Hundreds or millions of people have joined QQ，Wechat，and other sites so that they can communicate with friends online．However，the meaning of the word "friend" seems changed．In the past，a friend was someone you had a close personal relationship with．Now，anyone in the worldcan be your friend online! Some people have thousands of cyber friends，but what do you do if you don't want to have so many friends？Easy! You can dump an unwanted friend with just one click of your mouse．in recent years，it has become so common to get rid of friends in this way that there is a new word to describe it ﹣to "unfriend"．The new Oxford American Dictionary named it word of the Year in 2009 and defined it like this："to remove someone as a ‘friend' from social networking site"．But why would you want to do such a thing as unfriending someone？The most common reason for unfriending someone is to eliminate annoying people from your social life．For example，some friends post messages much too frequently，especially those messages found to be extremely boring．They endlessly post status updates which say something like "I'm cooking dinner" or "I'm doing homework"．Another reason for unfriending someone is disagreement about world issues．A third reason is to get rid of people who write dirty things on social websites．Although dumping friends is not just an Internet phenomenon，far more online friendships end suddenly than off﹣line ones．Even in this computer age，it remains true that many people prefer spending time together face﹣to face．After all，that's what friends are for!Ⅴ. Translation.Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）人们普遍认为对颜色的偏爱能反映一个人的性格．（It）23．（3分）安全起见，你最好出发前查一下地图，避开拥堵的路线．（sake）24．（4分）我没想到的是，现在养老院是一床难求．（that）25．（5分）这个乡间度假村至今还没有配备无线网络，这给游客带来诸多不便．（equip）Ⅵ. Guided Writing.26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假如你是李磊，你所在的学校下学期组织多种社会实践活动（social practice activity）．提供的社会实践岗位包括在地铁站做引导，在医院协助接待咨询，在辅读学校（special education school）担任助教等．请就此写一篇日记．你的日记必须包括：●你选择的岗位和理由；●该岗位会带来的挑战和收获．（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称．）2019年上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．【解答】B2．【解答】B3．【解答】A4．【解答】C5．【解答】D6．【解答】C7．【解答】A8．【解答】C9．【解答】D10．【解答】DSection B （15分）Directions：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.11．【解答】11﹣13 ADA12．【解答】14﹣16 CCB13．【解答】17﹣20 BDDBII. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．【解答】1．known．考查非谓语，be known as：作为…被熟知，以…著称，这里是非谓语做后置定语，故填known．2．Speaking．考查现在分词，Lisa Argilla 与speak是主动关系，故填现在分词做状语，故填speaking．3．But，考查连词，但是当他们打开门的时候，企鹅没有表现出离开的兴趣，表示转折，故填but．4．took．考查动词，该句是and并列三个动词resurfaced，took以及disappeared．故填动词的过去时took．5．where．考查连词，该句是where引导的定语从句，先行词是the wild，在定语从句中做地点状语，故填关系副词where．6．since．考查连词，since与完成时态连用，这里表示自从，故填since．7．worse．考查比较级，企鹅的状况越来越差，表示比较，故填worse．8．With．考查介词，with引导的复合结构，随着世界的关注，故填with．9．that．考查连词，该句是it was…that的强调句，强调at the zoo，故填that．10．has been nursed．考查时态，既然企鹅已经重获健康，表示已经完成的动作，而且主语是单数，故填现在完成时的被动语态has been nursed．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．【解答】DJCAI KBGEH1．D．句意理解题．根据句意可知，美国、非洲、亚洲和夏威夷的种植园都受到不断上升的气温和不稳定的降雨模式的威胁．故选D．2．J．句意理解题．根据句意可知，是什么让疾病和入侵物种生活在咖啡树和成熟的咖啡豆上．故选J．3．C．句意理解题．根据句意可知，如果目前的气候模式继续下去，到2050年，目前适合咖啡生产的地区将有一半无法实现．故选C．4．A．句意理解题．根据句意可知，说到茶叶，温暖的气候和不稳定的降水不仅使世界茶叶种植区萎缩，还扰乱了其独特的风味．故选A．5．I．句意理解题．根据句意可知，南安普敦大学最近的研究表明，随着降水量和气温的变化，一些地方的产茶地区，特别是东非，到2050年可能会减少55%．故选I．6．K．句意理解题．根据句意可知，采茶者也感受到了气候变化的影响．故选K．7．B．句意理解题．根据句意可知，随着空气温度的上升，海洋和水路会吸收一部分热量并经历自身的变暖．故选B．8．G．句意理解题．根据句意可知，温暖的海水还会促使弧菌等有毒海洋细菌的生长，并在人类食用生海鲜（如牡蛎或生鱼片）时致病．故选G．9．E．句意理解题．根据句意可知，当你吃螃蟹和龙虾时，你会得到令人满意的"crack"．故选E．10．H．句意理解题．根据句意可知，根据一项研究，科学家预测，如果过度捕捞和温度上升的趋势继续以目前的速度发展下去，到2050年，世界海产品储备将会耗尽．故选H．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．【解答】1﹣5 CDACA 6﹣10 BBDAC 11﹣15 CDBAD1．C．考查形容词及语境理解．根据He had a high GPA，（1）at debating and co﹣foundeda math club可知，他的学分绩点很高，擅长辩论，故答案为C．2．D．考查副词及语境理解．根据He was also a talented pianist．（2），his dream universities turned him down可知，前后两句的关系为转折关系，用转折连词however，故答案为D．3．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．rejected拒绝；B．dismissed 开除；C．enclosed 围住；D．stopped 停止；根据It made him wonder if he was （3）because he was Asian 可知，这令他怀疑自己落榜的原因是否因为身为亚裔，故答案为A．4．C．考查动词及语境理解．根据students for Fair Admissions（SFFA），a US non﹣profit organization．（4）Harvard for using racial balancing in their admissions process可知，美国非营利组织"学生公平录取"状告哈佛在录取过程中，使用了种族平衡的手段，故答案为C．5．A．考查名词及语境理解．根据Harvard has denied the （5）可知，哈佛大学否认了这项控诉，故答案为A．6．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．conforming 符合，遵守；B．determining 决定；C．acknowledging承认；D．surveying调查；根据considers many factors（6）whethera student should be admitted，including academic performance and extracurricular activities可知，称在录取学生时会考虑许多因素，如学术表现、课外活动等等，故答案为B．7．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．robbed抢劫；B．granted授予，承认；C．entitled。
2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版
2019 年高考试题 - 英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。
只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections: InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthe questionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,rea dthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】 C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。
2019年上海市高三上学期模拟英语试题(九)(原卷版)
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）模拟试题（九）英语试题Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularyDirections : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the givenword; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Meet Alexa, Your Digital RoommateWho is Alexa? She is a digital assistant that is part of the voice-activated Echo Dot “smart speaker” produced by Amazon. This year Saint Louis University in Missouri has placed one of the speakers in everydorm room ___1___its campus. Students can ask the virtual assistant anything from “When are the f teams playing?” to “What’s the square root of 1440?”SLU student Brendan McGuire said: “Instead of searching on the Internet while I___2___ (tap) away atmy computer, I can just ask Alexa: Hey Alexa, ask SLU what’s the molecular(分子的)weight of water? And Ican have the answer without ___3___(interrupt) my process.” That’s exactly___4___ school officials had inmind when they decided to provide the smart speakers free of charge for students.“The students we attract ___5___ (drive) to achieve success in and out of the class room,” DavidHakanson, SLU’s vice president, said. “Every minute we can save our students from having to search for th information online is another minute ___6___(commit) to their education.’Saint Louis University is the first in the U S. ___7___ (include) an Echo Dot smart speaker in everycampus living space. Other colleges have also found ways to offer the technology to students. This yearNortheastern University in Boston installed 60 speakers in public places ___8___ students could get answersto common questions.At Arizona State University, engineering students living in the brand-new residence hall have the optionof adding an Amazon Echo Dot to their rooms. “Our focus is putting this technology into the hands of our students in a way___9___ will build an ecosystem.____10____ supports voice technologies throughout theASU campus,” said Heredia, a director at ASU.Section B .Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Notthat there is one word more than you need.UNIQLO’s founder tries to find a way to beat Zara and H&MWhen asked what guides his vision of UNIQLO, Tadashi Yanai, its founder and chief executive, pulls offthe shelf the 1987 autumn/winter collection catalogue of Next, a mass-market British retailer. All of theclothes are so ___11___, he says, that they could be worn today. While Zara of Spain and H&M of Swedenfollow fashion trends without having any original thought, UNIQLO of Japan ___12___ to timeless basics.Mr. Yanai has a/an ___13___ base at home from which to develop into his Western competitors’ mai markets of Europe and America. But instead his ___14___ remains Asia. “Asia is the engine of growth today,he says, pointing to the millions of consumers across the ___15___ who are reaching the middle class.UNIQLO will open its first shop in India this year and is considering ___16___ into Vietnam and othercountries (it has already opened networks of shops in Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand).___17___ greatly to investors at home. Fast The success or n ot of UNIPLO’s overseas operations--- Mr. Yanai owns just over 20% of the firm --- have been rising since 2015, analystsRetailing’s sharesestimate, largely owing to its international expansion and improved logistics (物流). At home the firm isclosing stores because the population is ___18___. Last year UNIQLO’s international profits overtook its___19___ sales for the first time and its foreign operation profits almost equaled its Japanese equivalent.Though they are very different markets, Europe and America offer a cautionary tale. UNIQLO inAmerica struggled outside the big cities of the east and west coasts. Growth in America remains ____20____for UNIQLO both there and in Europe. However, Mr. Yanai, an enthusiastic fan of globalization, is confidentthat he can guide UNIQLO through the changes needed.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In today’s American society, high school dropout (辍学) has become a big problem threatening socialand economic stability, as many cases of family ___21___ or even tragedies, caused by youth dropout, arecatching headlines in media. Dropping out is defined as leaving school without a high school diploma (毕业证书) or equivalent ___22___ such as a General Educational Development (GED) certificate. Although students who drop out come from various backgrounds, several ___23___ facts can be noticed. National data show that students from low-income, black or single-parent families are much more likely to drop out of school thantheir fellow students. ___24___ performance is also playing a role. Students receiving poor grades which, in turn, leads to ___25___ self-recognition, are sure to be on the high-risk list of dropping out.In recent years, advances in technology have ___26___ the demand for a highly skilled labor force, changing a high school education into a minimum requirement for entry into the labor market. As high school completion has become a(n) ___27___ requirement for many entry-level jobs, dropouts are having a really hard time in today’s job market. On average, dropouts are more likely to beunemployed than high school graduates and to earn less money even if they ___28___ find jobs. Employed dropouts in a variety of studies are usually working at unskilled jobs or at ___29___ service occupations offering little opportunity for promotion.Considering the serious consequences dropping out may bring about, national leaders have demanded that schools, communities, and families take major measures to keep students at school. To make school attendance compulsory (强制的) looks like an effective measure. ____30____, many people fear that it will not go far as compulsory attendance usually indicates monitoring on students, which might cause ____31____ from the students. Others including President Trump, focus their dropout prevention efforts on a program to____32____ class size, replacing large high schools with smaller learning communities where poor students can get ____33____ instruction from experienced teachers. Combined with frequent home visits by teachers, which definitely ____34____ families to participate in prevention efforts, the program is reported to takeeffect and the nationwide school attendance is ____35____.21. A. reunion B. conflicts C. establishments D. happiness22. A. opportunities B. lengths C. terms D. qualifications23. A. common B. strange C. possible D. positive24. A. Financial B. Communicative C. Academic D. Social25. A. separate B. negative C. significant D. standard26. A. fueled B. changed C. challenged D. supposed27. A. unbearable B. joint C. single D. basic28. A. eventually B. attentively C. readily D. generally29. A. long-lasting B. hard-working C. low-paying D. public-recognizing。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷(解析版)
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．The impact of painful memories．B．New research on a pill and the argument about it．C．A way of wiping out painful memories．D．A proper method for changing memories．（2）A．It can cause the brain to fix memories．B．It can stop people remembering bad experiences．C．It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals．D．It can wipe out the emotional effects of memories．（3）A．Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill．B．The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C．Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D．The pill has already been produced and used by the American public．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Wearing high heels can improve women's balance．B．Wearing high heels exposes women to strains．C．Wearing high heels can result in back pain．D．Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns．（2）A．They should choose proper heels．B．They should exercise their ankle muscles properly．C．They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently．D．They should give up the habit of wearing high heels．（3）A．Because they thought it was fashionable．B．Because it was a symbol of status．C．Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D．Because it was required by European emperors．13．（6分）（1）A．Believing in themselves．B．Writing a book．C．Challenging their life．D．Asking for help．（2）A．She makes children's programs．B．She gets involved in legal decisions．C．She simplifies a judge's job．D．She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A．Sharing things with others．B．Solving problems．C．Talking with others．D．Having her opinions heard．（4）A． A judge's reflection on her job and life．B．The success of a children's program．C．The importance of law in daily life．D．The problems people meet in court．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）However depressed you may be feeling now，if you look back，there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣maybe the time （1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is，happiness doesn't usually last．The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off，and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （2）（well）on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣that is，（3）good something makes us feel，most of the time we drift back to （4）we started．An often （5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣winners eighteen months after their win．But don't despair．It is possible to make happiness last．Psychologists have found two anti﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness：variety and appreciation．Variety is，as we all know，the spice of life．But it's also a useful weapon （6）adaptation．Positive changes that （7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness．For example，you will feel happier about your volunteer work （8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation，is in many ways the opposite of adaptation．It's about focusing on something，instead of letting it fade into the background．It is only when you appreciate something （9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money，without giving any thought to what you will do with the money．The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to makethe most of the ones you've been given．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is．A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to （1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits．Over the past few years，Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in．They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it，along with third﹣party data that might be available．Now，to be clear，there's nothing particularly （5）about what Spotify is doing with your data．I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （6）you might be in a casually racist mood．Nevertheless，I find it （7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go，can't you？As ad targeting gets ever more complicated，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （8）exploitative ways．According to one study，titled Misery Is Not Miserly，you are more likely to spend more on a （9）if you're feeling sad．You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that．And on that note，I'm feeling a little down about all this．I'll （10）off to treat myself to something expensive．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism．And while the presence of its scent is （1）throughout the world entirely，its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America．As the framework of its history，America holds individuality as the ever﹣popular green light，the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for，well，almost everything．In fact，in America's current social status，individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （2）applied upon the face of the media，where it was （3）valued as the American dream．There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for （4）it．However，（5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state，perhaps humans，when stripped （剥）to their core （核心），are everything but．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences．The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans，along with the （6）and relationships between them．It is a （7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus．Indeed，interaction is the core of experience．Therefore，in order that humans are the sum of their experiences，they must be the sum of the people that they meet，just as well．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self﹣entitled individualism was （8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept．Questions （9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣my family，my teachers，all of my friends，and even strangers ﹣then whatis left that is just me？What part of me is just me？How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people？Is such a （10）between myself and others even possible？"Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a （11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me，as I have put a stop to the idea that the "real" me is some lostisolated island on top of an ocean of influence．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（n）（13）between influenceand individualism，as such is a line that cannot be distinct．（14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture，and a steady question．Thus，it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （15）the lie of individualism．Hopefully，they will come into acceptance．（1）A．unpredictable B．untrustworthy C．unreliable D．undeniable（2）A．necessity B．characteristic C．mark D．model（3）A．later B．previously C．extremely D．publicly（4）A．destroying B．appreciating C．chasing D．escaping（5）A．though B．if C．since D．as（6）A．conflict B．tension C．interaction D．cooperation （7）A．common B．rare C．frequent D．strange（8）A．right B．justified C．unclear D．false（9）A．affected B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised（10）A．separation B．combination C．contrast D．communication （11）A．secret B．mystery C．truth D．fantasy（12）A．gap B．belief C．factor D．change（13）A．distinction B．connection C．exchange D．medium（14）A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Furthermore （15）A．break up B．make up C．cope with D．see through Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don't know what it is．Dooring is when a driver orpassenger opens the door into another road user﹣typically cyclist﹣without looking for other road users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke，but it's not and can have serious consequences．Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly，and people to be encouraged to look before they open．"The charity says 2，009 of the 3，000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants，not just drivers，to look before opening vehicle doors．One of the ways the charity suggests is the "Dutch reach"，where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non﹣door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle．Mr．Tuohy said："In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach'，which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK．""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring' through a public awareness THINK style campaign．"If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you，consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door．That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3？A．To cause public concern．B．To report the terrible accidents．C．To show the danger of car dooring．D．To stress the importance of traffic safety．（2）While doing the "Dutch reach"，you should．A．sit still in your seatB．open the car door politelyC．use the inside hand to open the doorD．use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text？A．Many people are ignorant of car dooring．B．The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C．Dooring incidents are all attended by police．D．Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring？A．Negative．B．Ridiculous．C．Neutral．D．Concerned18．（6分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule．The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions．Classes are not held on University holidays．The upcoming class sessions will be：Spring 2018：February 1﹣April 7Summer 2018：June 13﹣August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted．If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus．The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building．Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S．E．and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p．m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on allUniversity holidays．Office Address160 University International Center，331﹣17th Ave．S．E．，Minneapolis，MN 55414 Phone：612625﹣5080Fax：612﹣625﹣5158Email：confucius（@ umn．edu（1）Chinese Rehab．A．costs more moneyB．is held on MondayC．lasts one and a half hoursD．has four classes a week（2）To get information about the classes，you can visit the office．A．on Monday noonB．at 12：30 a．m．，TuesdayC．on Wednesday eveningD．at 1：30 p．m．，Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A．The schedule may be changeable．B．They can be one﹣to﹣one instruction．C．They are held on University holidays．D．They start at the beginning of the University semester．19．（8分）Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学），though firmly tested，is so weird and anti﹣intuitive that physicist Richard Feynman once remarked，"I think I can safely say nobody understandsquantum mechanics．" Attempts to explain some of the bizarre （奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind﹣bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many﹣worlds interpretation．Now there's a new theory on the block，called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW），and the idea is just as profound as it sounds．The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist，but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable．Though still speculative （推测的），the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real，each representing an actual，though parallel，world．One problem with the many﹣worlds interpretation，however，has been that it is fundamentally untestable，since observations can only be made in our world．Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined．MIW，however，says otherwise．It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level，and in fact that they do．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957，" explained Howard Wiseman，a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW．"In the well﹣known ‘Many﹣Worlds Interpretation'，each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made．All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣in some universes the dinosaur﹣killing asteroid （小行星）missed Earth．In others，Australia was colonized by the Portuguese．""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence our universe at all，" he added．"On this score，our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different，as its name implies．"Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘nearby'（i．e．similar）worlds，which tends to make them more dissimilar．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force，they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interact with other worlds，Wiseman said："It's not part of our theory．But the idea of humaninteractions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy．"What might your life look like if you made different choices？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1﹣2，which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A．It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is．B．The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition（直觉）based．C．Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways．D．Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research．（2）According to paragraph 3﹣5，the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A．MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB．MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC．The previous one is based on profound foundationD．The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage，critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A．the origin of these parallel universesB．the foundation of these universesC．the reality of these other universesD．the ways of how these parallel universes interact（4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A．someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB．humans may make different choices simultaneously （同时地）and live in different universesC．humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD．life would be more unexpected，but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.20．（8分）Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ended run on Broadway in 2019．（1）Directed by Xu Jun，Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II，was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（2）The musical's scheduled open﹣ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States．With this play being shown on Broadway，the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened．And through this drama，the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture．（3）To deal with the problem，many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences．Currently，those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences，white﹣collar and even gold﹣collar workers．There are onlya handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivatethe public and get them into the theater．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai．The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia，both of which had hundreds of shows across China，are among the top box office hits．Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday？" Lindsey whispers to Tori．With her eyes shining，Tori brags，"You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me．Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip．An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about．Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic﹣breakups，trouble at home﹣thata person would rather keep secret．The more embarrassing the secret is，the juicier the gossipit makes．Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie．People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain．If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us．Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't．Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority．Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act．Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group．For instance，if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention．The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation．The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"might have．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（have trouble）23．（3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（assure）24．（4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（despite）25．（5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（until）Guided Writing26．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay；二维码QR code）2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．【解答】C2．【解答】C3．【解答】B4．【解答】C5．【解答】B6．【解答】D7．【解答】C8．【解答】A9．【解答】B10．【解答】ASection BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．【解答】BCA12．【解答】ABC13．【解答】DDAAGrammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．【解答】1．when．考查连词，该句是when引导的定语从句，先行词是time，在定语从句中做时间状语，故填关系副词when．2．better．考查比较级，下次考试表现更好，表示比较，故填better．3．no matter how．考查让步状语从句，不论某事让我们感觉多么好，故填no matter how．4．where．考查连词，where引导的地点状语从句，回到开始的地方，故填where．5．quoted．考查非谓语，quote与example是动宾关系，故填过去分词做定语，故填quoted．6．against．考查介词，a weapon against：对抗某物的武器，故填against．7．are experienced．考查语态，that引导的定语从句，先行词是changes，故从句谓语动词使用复数形式，被经历，故填are experienced．8．if．考查连词，如果你能够处理，if引导条件状语从句，故填if．9．that．考查连词，it is…that的强调句，强调中间的内容，故填that．10．trying．考查spend time doing sth：花费时间做某事，故填trying．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．【解答】I H F A K G D J E C1．I．句意理解题．根据句意可知，纽约大学（New York University）去年的一项研究发现，喜欢艾米纳姆（Eminem）的《迷失自我》（Lose Yourself）和贾斯汀•比伯（Justin Bieber）的《你是什么意思？》在精神变态量表上得分高的人比陷入困境的人要高．故选I．2．H．句意理解题．根据句意可知，在过去几年里，Spotify一直在努力提高其数据分析能力．故选H．3．F．句意理解题．根据句意可知，过去几年来，Spotify一直在增强其数据分析能力，试图帮助营销人员根据消费者的情绪定制广告，以锁定消费者．故选F．4．A．句意理解题．根据句意可知，他们从你正在听的音乐类型，以及你在哪里、什么时候听音乐，以及第三方可能提供的数据中推断出这一点．故选A．5．K．句意理解题．根据句意可知，现在，需要明确的是，Spotify对你的数据的处理并没有什么特别棘手的地方．故选K．6．G．句意理解题．根据" I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war "可知，我当然不认为他们是在与影子咨询公司合作，为你播放宣传文化战争的广告，而你却在听那些暗示你可能处于偶然的种族主。
2019年高考试题-英语(上海卷)解析版
2019年高考试题-英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。
只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeake rs.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Th econversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversa tionandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddeci dewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows. Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。
上海市2019年高考英语模拟试卷及答案
上海市英语高考模拟试卷(一）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will he asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $11. B. $6. C. $4. D. $7.2. A. An appointment. B. A surprise party. C. A picnic. D. A concert.3. A. In a bank. B. At an airport. C. At a station. D. In a post office.4. A. Happy. B. Regretful. C. Disappointed. D. Sad.5. A. The class usually begins at three.B. Pro fessor Smith didn’t have class today.C. The woman’s class was allowed to leave ahead of time.D. The woman wasn’t with the others.6. A. A cup of tea is enough. B. She doesn’t like tea.C. She wants another cup of tea.D. She doesn’t know why she likes tea.7. A. She is much surprised. B. She is very excited.C. She is unhappy.D. She is amused.8. A. Come back again to apply for the job.B. Think about whether she should quit her job.C. Get some training before she quits her job.D. Apply for an additional part-time job.9. A. They are studying hard for finals.B. The school year seems to go by very quickly.C. They’ve been in school for a few weeks.D. Even though finals are over, they still have to study for a few weeks.10. A. He went home early. B. He went to see Mary.C. He was badly hurt.D. He came home later than expected.Section B (15%)Directions ： In Section B，you will hear two passages and one Longer conversation. After each passage and conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide -which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The layout of the laboratory. B. A laboratory experiment.C. The workbook for the laboratory course.D. A piece of equipment.12. A. The activities are to be done during class.B. The activities take less time.C. No equipment is needed for the activities.D. Few instructions are given for the activities.13. A. After the first laboratory experiment.B. When the students need to be motivated.C. At the beginning of the semester.D. When the students have done good work.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The streets of London were full of rich people.B. Both his parents were dead.C. The streets of London were covered with gold.D. He was an orphan.15. A. He sent goods to trade in Africa. B. He sold his cat.C. He found a job with a rich merchant.D. He found some gold.16. A. Because Dick was made Lord Mayor of London.B. Because Dick became a close friend of the King of England.C. Because Dick traded a lot of goods.D. Because Dick became rich.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Her story of completing a task. B. Her experience of being lost.C. Her trip abroad.D. Her success in career.18. A. Met his friends. B. Attended a lecture.C. Gave a performance.D. Had a trip.19. A. By following a man. B. By looking at a map.C. By asking an old woman.D. By asking the policeman for help.20. A. He cannot stand the noise in the bar. B. He has a poor memory.C. He doesn't speak German.D. He doesn’t like to wear T-shirts.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions ： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given "word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.The British actress, Emma Watson, finally got to bring her childhood hero to life. She played the beautiful Belle in Disney’s new live-action version of its classic animation (动画片) Beauty and the Beast. Watson also sang in the film -- the first time she (21) ____ (do) so in her career.To be able to play (22) ____ role，Watson turned down the offer of La La Land, (23) ____ ended up winningsix awards, (24) ____ Best Actress，at this year's Oscars.However, she doesn't regret it. She told Vanity Fair that she believes the movie says something important that people (25) ____ hear.(26) ____ (see) the kind-hearted Belle as a better role model than La La Land’s career-obsessed (沉迷于事业的）Mia，Watson happily took on this character. But (27) ____ (build) her own version of Belle, Watson had a hand in shaping the character. In the original Disney movie, Belle is an assistant to her inventor father, (28) ____ the remake sees her as a creator in her own right.Not content with being a global movie star, Watson also spends time being creative elsewhere. Her house is full of paintings that she created (29) ____. One in particular stands out—a self-portrait (自画像）of her holding a camera. Her work wouldn't be (30) ____ place hanging on the wall of a New York art gallery.Section B (10%)Directions： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The Zalmanovich family, from Hod HaSharon, Israel, has told of their anger after they were told to leave the plane and had their return tickets cancelled without a refund.The drama (31) ____ as eight-year-old Yaheli Zalmanovich began to sob uncontrollably minutes before the family’s connecting flight from Zurich to Geneva was (32) ____ to take-off. There were no problems on the flight from Tel Aviv and despite his parents’ best efforts, the boy could not be calmed down.His mother, Noa, told the Israel Hayom newspaper that Swiss air cabin (33) ____ apologized to other passengers and did not ask the family if they needed help, even though the boy vomited on himself. They were soon told they would have to leave the plane and miss their flight to Geneva，where relatives were waiting for them, she said.Mrs. Zalmanovich told the newspaper：“They (34) ____ kicked us off the flight. We were left with our luggage, (35) ____ and humiliated. It was 10 p. m. and luckily we were able to catch the last train to Gen eva. ”“In an age when one in every 68 children is (36) ____ as being on the autistic(患自闭症的）spectrum, I would expect a slightly more understanding response from a company that calls itself a luxury airline. ”Making matters worse for the family, they were declared a “no show” for the connecting flight and as a result their return tickets were cancelled and they were not (37) ____ to a refund, she added.A Swissair spokesman told MailOnline Travel：“We are aware of this deeply regrettable (38)____. We are still clarifying exactly what happened and why with all the (39) ____ involved, so we are unable to make any further comment at the present time. But I can assure you that our staff in Tel Aviv are in close contact with the family (40) ____.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15%)Directions ： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A , B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An arts program is helping students at some of the lowest performing schools in the United States.China recently launched a diplomatic and economic development campaign called “One Belt, One Road”.The name comes from the “Silk Road” -- the (41) ____ system of roads that linked China with Central Asia and other areas. Traders used those paths centuries ago to transport Chinese silk, spices and other goods to the West. (42) ____，China received gold, ivory, glass and other products from as far away as Europe.Chinese President Xi Jinping says the One Belt, One Road program is aimed at (43) ____ international cooperation. But former American officials and some business leaders have expressed (44) ____. They say China is not as interested in opening up to foreigners as it claims.China’s plan is to build ports，railroad links, roads and other infrastructure across Asia, Africa and Europe. The Reuters news agency reports the project is depending (45) ____ on two lenders，the China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China. It says they have already provided $ 200 billion in loans to countries throughout Asia，the Middle East and Africa.At a recent conference in Beijing, President Xi described the effort as a win-win situation for the countries and companies (46) ____ in the project.Because of the business climate in China, the country is (47) ____ considered a top investment choice for a growing number of foreign companies. This was the finding of a study- done by The American Chamber of Commerce in China.William Zarit is head of the trade group. “… some companies are looking back to North America where especially energy (48) ____ are much lower, and perhaps labor is not that great a (49) ____ in their manufacturing product. ”Observers note that China no longer depends on foreign technology and investments (50) ____ it once did.(51) ____，they say，Chinese officials are less concerned about companies leaving the country. But some critics say China may pay a price for (52) ____ investment because of the government’s policies.Ted Moran studies ( 53 ) ____ issues for the Peterson Institute for International Economics.“China is already such a huge presence on the world economic stage, so I’m not predicting any kind of (54) ____，I just think that there will be much slower grow th and much less robust growth over the next decade.”While China’s president spoke about inclusiveness at the recent conference, some American companies remain concerned that it may be more talk than (55) ____.41. A. domestic B. ancient C. foreign D. modern42. A. In result B. In reward C. In exchange D. In fact43. A. strengthening B. defending C. preventing D. establishing44. A. enthusiasm B. concern C. interest D. excitement45. A. heavily B. nearly C. luckily D. likely46. A. introduced B. enrolled C. engaged D. involved47. A. in particular B. no longer C. at any cost D. by the way48. A. conservations B. costs C. efficiencies D. consumptions49. A. instance B. factor C. phenomenon D. event50. A. as B. though C. but D. unless51. A. For example B. By the way C. In any case D. For that reason52. A. shrinking B. increasing C. expanding D. rising53. A. environmental B. physical C. economic D. political54. A. entertainment B. luck C. fortune D. disaster55. A. resistance B. resource C. substance D . conferenceSection B (22%)Directions： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My guide Farah, a tall, slim woman in her late 30s，wears jeans and a simple manteaux -- the required robe women must wear in public, covering neck to knee. Her long, straight black hair is hidden beneath her headscarf, but visible as it curls at her neck.We’re heading to Tajrish Bazaar, in north Tehran (capital of Iran)，to explore 10 different kinds of dried plums, and other goodies. We choose the Metro—Farah for its convenience, and I，for a chance to go underground in Tehran, because it provides a picture of the city most tourists never see.It's mid-morning. Women and men sit separately, but the rule relaxes during busy times, like now. We, along with a few other women, clasp our hands around a pole, standing next to men, young and old in the air-conditioned, modern carriage. Two stops later, and about 20 commuters fewer, segregation happens naturally -- women at one end, men at the other, still within view, but separate.A handful of fashionable girls admire their own reflections in the window. They wear tight leggings under their brightly coloured robes, pushing back headscarves and boundaries. We find seats next to a group of conservative women dressed in black cloaks called chador. They’re nothing like t he other women I have met, a sisterhood of outspoken opinions, most of them liberal. “We are a nation with one language,” Farah says, “divided in two—-traditional and modern. ” Farah tells me it all began, not with imports from the West, but with the 1979 revolution. A combination of access, education and a bad economy created a society where women now have independence, careers and husbands happy to help around the house with chores and children*56. We are setting out for Tajrish Bazaar most probably at __________.A. 3 a. m.B. 1 p. m.C. 10 a. m.D. 5 p. m.57. Why did the author choose to take the subway?A. Because it’s cheap.B. Because it’s convenient.C. Because she can see more beautiful women on the subway.D. Because it offers her an opportunity to see a different city from what most tourists see58. What does the underlined word segregation in the 3rd paragraph probably mean?A. isolationB. disasterC. departureD. combination59. What can we learn from the passage?A. Women in Iran must wear manteau in public.B. Fashionable girls can dress as freely as they like.C. Iran is divided in two parts by the western forces.D. Men in Iran won't help with the housework.(B)Last week Amazon announced Word Runner, a new tool for reading Kindle books. Word Runner is a software update that shows one word at a time, instead of words, sentences and paragraphs on one page.Amazon says Word Runner was developed to make reading faster. By seeing one word at a time on the screen, you will not lose your place on the page. It may help you to focus on what you are reading.Opinions about Word Runner are mixed. Carmen Blyth, Ph. D.， and a teacher of English as a Second Language (ESL), says Word Runner is not optimal reading.In the Ki ndle Forums at Amazon, a commenter called CB Retriever says, “Thanks，but that absolutely will not work for me as I too do lines and blocks of text at a time __ I think the last time I read word by word was back when I was learning to read. ”Len Edgerly, business journalist and host of The Kindle Chronicles podcast, had a chance to try out Word Runner. In his podcast, Edgerly said that Word Runner is “a dramatically different way to read”.BrakeYou can pause Word Runner by tapping the pause button, called Brake. Brake lets you move words forward and backward. You can go back and re-read words using Brake.AvailabilityAccording to Amazon, Word Runner will be available soon for some English-language books on the Kindle app for Android devices and on Fire tablets.Word Runner will work with select English-language Kindle books from Amazon sites inall countries, says an Amazon representative. Amazon has not yet said whether Word Runner will be coming to the Kindle app for iPhone and iPad.Dynamic PacingWor d Runner uses a feature called “Dynamic Pacing” to adjust the speed around complicated words. Dynamic Pacing automatically slows the speed of Word Runner for complicated words, punctuation, and paragraph breaks. It makes changes based on the natural rhythm of your reading.60. In CB Retriever’s opinion, _____________.A. Word Runner provides one with necessary information to understand what he is readingB. good readers can read four words at a timeC. Word Runner is not so practical for him as he reads lines and blocks of text at a timeD. Word Runner is “a dramatically different way to read”61. From the passage, we can draw the conclusion that ___________.A. Word Runner will soon be available for iPhone and iPadB. Word Runner will work with all English language books in all countriesC Word Runner is a software which updates one word at a timeD. people will soon be able to use Word Runner to read some English-language books on Android devices and Fire tablets62. “Dynamic Pacing” is designed to _________.A. regulate the speed of readingB. quicken the speed of reading something easyC. let you move words forward and backwardD. allow you to see all of the words on a page on your screen(C)Steve Jobs was 52 when he announced the iPhone. That was in 2007. Years later, the Apple co-founder introduced the MacBook Air, App Store and iPad. Tim Cook, who was 51 when he took over from Jobs, is building on his legacy. They both shattered a myth that the young rule the technology industry.Silicon Valley's ve nture capitalists speak openly of their bias toward the young. “People under 35 are the people who make change happen；people over 45 basically die in terms of new ideas,” Vinod Khosla, a prominent investor, said at a conference.The result of this bias is that older entrepreneurs often are ignored while younger entrepreneurs receive attention and funding. This is hurting the venture-capital system as well as Silicon Valley—because the stereotypes are flawed.Research on successful technology firms looked only at companies that had made it out of the garage and were making at least $ 1 million in profits. The research revealed that the average and medium age of their founders was 39. Twice as many were older than 50 as were younger than 25. And twice as many were older than 60 as were younger than 20. In a follow- up project, we studied the backgrounds of 549 successful entrepreneurs in 12 high-growth industries. The average and medium age of male founders in this group was 40，and a significant proportion were older than 50.There are lots of young founders in Silicon Valley, some of whom drop out of school to start their companies. The vast majority of these start-ups fail, however, because there is no substitute for experience and knowledge. These come with age.Young entrepreneurs surely have an advantage in social media and app building. They understand these new technologies better than their parents do because they have grown up using them. It is also easier to write code for a cellphone than to learn how to motivate and inspire employees, manage finances and market products. But building a business requires all of those skills. That is why older entrepreneurs have more success. As baby boomers become as familiar with Internet and mobile technologies as their children are，they surely will give the youngsters a run for their money. They also have greater buying power and a better understanding of the markets for the next generation of technologies.That is why we need to get beyond the stereotypes and realize that baby boomers are going to better the world.63. Which age group might the baby boomers belong to?A. Under 20.B. 20 to 30.C. 35 to 45.D. 55 to 65.64. From the passage, we can infer that ________.A. people in their 50s are absolutely unable to come up with new ideasB. the average and medium age of the founders of technology firms was 50C. some young founders in Silicon Valley quit school to start their companiesD. younger people tend to have a better understanding of the markets than old ones65. All the following statements explain why older entrepreneurs are more successful in building a business EXCEPT that _____.A. they are more experienced and knowledgeableB. they know how to motivate and inspire employees, manage finances and market productsC. they have greater buying power than younger onesD. they are more familiar with Internet and mobile technologies66. What is the passage mainly about?A. Why baby boomers are an important part of technology's future.B. Some Silicon Valley's venture capitalists speak openly of their bias toward the young.C. The young have an advantage in social media and app building than the old.D. The young rule the technology industry.Section C (8%)Directions ： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Environmental pollution kills 1. 7 million children under the age of five every year worldwide. This is according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO warns that child deaths will increase greatly if pollution continues to worsen.The most common causes of death among children aged one month to five years are diarrhea, malaria and pneumonia. This is according to the WHO. (67) ____ This means providing access to safe water and sanitation, limiting exposure to dangerous chemicals, and improving waste management.(68) ____ The WHO estimates that air pollution is responsible for about 6. 5 million premature, or early, deaths every year. That number includes nearly 600, 000 deaths of children under age five. Most of these deaths take place in developing countries.Air pollution is a leveler between rich and poor, according to WHO environment and health chief Maria Neira. (69) ____ And one of the most important ways to reduce air pollution is to produce cleaner fuels for cooking and heating. “Almost half of the world population is using dirty fuels for cooking, heating, and lighting at home. And, this is affecting very much mothers who are staying and cooking at home, but the children who are around mothers -- they are exposed as well. ” Early exposure to harmful pollutants can lead to increased risk ofchronic respiratory disease, asthma, heart disease, stroke and cancer later in life.Cleaning up how the world cooks, heats and lights homes and other buildings is a big- picture goal. The WHO is advising government departments and industries such as construction and the health sector to work together to clean up their environment.(70) ____ The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency has the following suggestions：•Avoid walking where there is a high volume of vehicle traffic.•Equip homes with air filters and air conditioning units.•Limit your time outside if you live in an area that issues warnings about air quality.•Wear high-grade, rated face masks tightly to the face when air quality is poor.•Remove your clothes and wash immediately after entering your house if you live or commute in a very polluted area.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions： Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point is) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Optimism and pessimism represent your general attitude toward certain situations or to life in general. And your attitude about life may be more important to living than you think.A new study suggests that people who are optimistic may live longer than those who are pessimistic. Researchers at Harvard Un iversity’s School of Public Health in Boston compared women with “a general expectation that good things will happen” to women who were less optimistic. They found that the optimists had a much lower risk of getting several deadly diseases, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease and certain types of infection.Eric Kim, one of the study leaders, says optimism is connected with healthier behaviors and healthier ways of dealing with difficulty. Optimists tend to take better care of themselves by exercising, eating healthy foods and getting enough sleep.When compared to the least optimistic women in the study, the optimistic women had：•an almost forty percent lower risk of dying from heart disease, stroke and respiratory disease• a fifty percent lower risk of dying from infection•and a sixteen percent lower risk of dying from cancerLeslie Ralph, a clinical psychologist and counselor at the University of Arizona in Tucson, has several ideas about how to increase optimism.She says each night plan to do two or three simple, enjoyable activities the next day, such as watching the sun rise, visiting a friend, dancing to a favorite song or reading a story with your child.She also suggests that if your day starts badly, simply close your eyes for a moment and take a deep breath. When you open your eyes, imagine your day has started over. It’s like having your own restart button.Offering praise or support to someone can also improve your own outlook. A smile and “thank you” from another person may help you feel more optimistic.V. Translation (15%)Directions ： Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.72. 两天之后他才回我短信。
2019年上海市闵行区高考英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019年上海市闵行区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.第1-10每题（1分）；第11-20每题（1.5分）．1．（1分）A．By car．B．On foot．C．By bus．D．By bike．2．（1分）A．A policeman．B．A postman．C．A doctor．D．A teacher．3．（1分）A．He didn't sleep well last night．B．He did too much work last night．C．He went to bed late last night．D．He worked late with his work．4．（1分）A．The man has just missed his flight．B．The plane is delayed due to bad weather．C．The plane will leave at 9：14．D．The departure time is unknown．5．（1分）A．Offering a suggestion．B．Starting an argument．C．Stopping a fight．D．Correcting a mistake．6．（1分）A．Apply for a discount．B．Read the agreement．C．Fill in the application form．D．Buy a certain product．7．（1分）A．The woman was too tired to see the TV programme．B．The man missed part of the TV programme．C．Both of the speakers found the TV programme boring．D．The man regretted wasting time on the TV programme．8．（1分）A．Select the data．B．Revise the report．C．Collect more data．D．Present the report．9．（1分）A．Go to bed earlier．B．Learn how to be attentive．C．Spend more time outdoors．D．Take her job more seriously．10．（1分）A．He feels sorry for the students．B．He is strongly against the punishment．C．He approves of the professor's action．D．He offers an option to stop cheating．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 11．（4.5分）（1）A．V olunteer work and study．B．Work and relaxation．C．Adventurous trip and project．D．Cultural study and local visiting．（2）A．It offers ways to learn a new language．B．It helps broaden your horizons．C．It guarantees you to earn money．D．It might take you to unusual places（3）A．Volunteering in foreign countries．B．Ways to spend a working holiday．C．Great places for a working holiday．D．The concept of a working holiday．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Committed．B．Flexible．C．Independent．D．Agreeable．（2）A．They easily get wounded when doing exercise．B．They feel uncomfortable when they are observed．C．They are serious about their exercise plan．D．They are suitable to take up co﹣operative sports．（3）A．To help people understand what personality type they are．B．To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits．C．To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise．D．To describe different types of exercises available at present．13．（6分）（1）A．Student opinions on a biology program．B．The present situation of biology education．C．The treatment and status of biology professors．D．The quality of biology laboratory equipment．（2）A．Incapable teaching staff．B．Inaccessible laboratory．C．Insufficient budget．D．Unmotivated students．（3）A．It's unsuitable for complex experiments．B．It's too complicated to use．C．It's more than satisfactory．D．It's much better than expected．（4）A．The professorsshould be more devoted to the program．B．Some professors may go elsewhere to teach．C．Some professors can't get budge to conduct experiments．D．The professors aren't academically recognized．Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）We want our children to succeed in school and，perhaps even more importantly，in life．But the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed （1）they first learn how to fail．Consider the finding that world﹣class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low﹣level figure skaters．Why are the really good skaters falling over the most？The reason is actually quite simple．Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice．（2）（stretch）their limitations，they keep trying their best．They fall over so often，but it is precisely why they learn so fast．Lower﹣level skaters have a quite different approach．They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily，（3）（remain）within their comfort zone．This is why they don't fall over．In a superficial sense，they look successful，because they are always on their feet．Never （4）（fail）in practice prevents them from making progress．（5）is true of skating is also true of life．James Dyson worked through 5，126 prototypes （原型）for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design（6）made his fortune．These failures were essential to the pathway of learning．As Dyson put （7）："You can't develop new technologyunless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong．Failure is essential to invention．"In healthcare，however，things are very different．Clinicians don't like to admit to failure，partly because they have strongegos （自我）﹣particularly the senior doctors﹣and partly because they fear litigation （诉讼）．The consequence is that （8）learning from failure，healthcare often covers up failure．The direct consequence is that the same mistakes （9）（repeat）．According to the Journal of Patient Safety，400，000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error．（10）healthcare learns to respond positively to failure，things will not improve．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.评分标准：每题（1分）．15．（10分）A．declared B．survive C．individualized D．advocated E．signalF．significantly G．dominated H．contrast I．supposedly J．apartK．inseparableThey're still kids，and although there's a lot that the experts don't yet know about them，one thing they do agree on is that what the kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly．And it's all because of technology．To the psychologists，sociologists，and media experts who study them，their digital devices set this new group （1），even from their Millennial （千禧年的）elders，who are quite familiar with technology．They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older brothers and sisters don't quite get．These differences may seem slight，but they （2）the appearance of a new generation．The （3）between Millennialelders and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen that he has （4）the birth of a new generation in a new book，Rewired：Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn，out next month．Rosen says the technically （5）life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennial elders he wrote about in his 2007 book，Me，MySpace and I：Parenting the Net Generation，that they distinguishthemselves as a new generation，which he hasgiven them the nickname of "ingeneration"．Rosen says portability is the key．They are （6）from their wireless devices，which allow them to text as well as talk，so they can be constantly connected﹣even in class，where cell phones are （7）banned．Many researchers are trying to determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently．"They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do，" Rosen says．"But findings show teens （8）distractions muchbetter than we would predict by their age and their brain development．"Because these kids are more devoted to technology at younger ages，Rosen says，the educational system has to change（9）．"The growth on the use of technology with children is very rapid，and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think．We have to give them options because they want their world（10），" Rosen says．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.评分标准：每题（1分）．16．（15分）After my public lectures on evolution，someone in the audience asks，"Are we still evolving？" People want to know if humans are getting taller，smarter，better looking or more athletic．My answer is truthful but（1）：We're almost certainly evolving，but we don't know in what （2）or how fast．We've seen some evolution in our species over the past few millennia，but it was detected by reconstructing history from DNA sequences．For example，we know that during the past 10，000 years，several populations of humans ﹣those keeping sheep，cows or goats for milk﹣gained the ability to digest dairy products．This quality was （3）in our earlier ancestors who，after babyhood，never encountered milk．And in the past 3，000 years，Tibetans have acquired （4）adaptations that allowed them to develop well in their high﹣altitude，low﹣oxygen home．But these well﹣documented changes are limited to particular populations，so the （5）for recent evolution of our entire species，remains not much．The authors of "Evolving Ourselves"（6）．Not only，they claim，are we evolving faster than ever，but we're doing it to ourselves．Juan Enriquez and Steve Gullans argue that humans have（7）evolution ﹣not just in our own species but virtually in all species："For better or worse，we are increasingly in charge．We are the primary drivers of（8）．We will directly and indirectly determine what lives，what dies，where，and when．We are in a different phase of evolution：the future of life is now（9）．"According to the authors，we've replaced natural selection with what they call "（10）selection．" Overfishing，for example，has reduced the average size of many fish species，for taking the biggest fishes is （11）those smaller fishes．Yet while there's no doubt that we're changing the planet，the claim that we're completely changing evolution on the planet（12）．Let's take those fish that are evolving to reproduce smaller and younger for example．This（13）has been documented in many species that we eat，but this is just a minuscule fraction （极小的一部分）of the 30，000 known species of fish．The authors speak with （14）assurance about how our species is evolving in response to nearly everything．When they claim，for example，our ingestion （摄取）of drugs and exposure to chemicals mean that "our children's brains are evolving fast，" they are abusing （滥用）the word "（15）．" Our children's brains may be changing fast in response to the new pharmacological （药理学的）environment，but change alone is not evolution．（1）A．instructive B．disappointing C．decisive D．conflicting （2）A．direction B．region C．frequency D．condition （3）A．beneficial B．adaptable C．unique D．useless（4）A．unproved B．changeable C．genetic D．mysterious （5）A．study B．evidence C．interest D．implication （6）A．disagree B．support C．follow D．approve（7）A．delayed B．overdone C．neglected D．controlled （8）A．unbalance B．disaster C．change D．disturbance （9）A．in our hands B．out of order C．in peace D．out of control （10）A．destructive B．unnatural C．adventurous D．emotional （11）A．by means of B．at the cost of C．in favor of D．for theprotection of（12）A．makes no sense B．makes greatimpressionC．calls attention D．comes to anend（13）A．problem B．mistake C．phenomenon D．obstacle（14）A．strong B．baseless C．sensitive D．persuasive （15）A．environment B．technology C．exposure D．evolution Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Once again DC Comics and Warner Bros．have divided fans and critics over their latest superhero film．There had been worrying news about Justice League in the months before its release，with a lot of reshoots of scenes，a new director being brought in to finish the film after original director Zack Snyder's tragic loss of his daughter and，of course，a lot of talk about Ben Affleck's future in the role of Batman．Some people are saying that Justice League is another big disappointment，that it could have been incredible and instead fails to really entertain．Others say that Warner Bros．have finally got it right and that the future for the League looks bright．My opinion lies somewhere in the middle．The film was by no means a disappointment：it was exciting，funny and a lot of fun to watch．There's something special about watching the heroes from your childhood brought to life on the big screen and maybe that is affecting my opinion．However，I will say that a lot of work needs to be done if the producer wants to make a great success．Although the film was good，it was obvious which scenes had been reshot and how the characters had been changed．I also have to mention the several scenes in which the special effects were very badly done；these are the kinds of problems that you don't expect to see in a film with such a big budget．Another point to add is that it is good to see the producer making Superman slightly a brighter character and adding some jokes to the plot to keep things fun．But the producer must be careful not to make the mistake that another film producer﹣here，not mentioning the name ﹣is coming very close to doing：turning all of the films into bright and colorful shows and losing a lot of seriously good stories．In the end，Justice League is not a perfect film but it is definitely not a terrible one．A lot of work is still to be done but I hope that DC does not completely lose its darker side．（1）Before the release of Justice League，many people showed their．A．pity for the director，Zack SnyderB．concern about the film's qualityC．higher expectation of the new directorD．support for the actor，Ben Affleck（2）According to the author，what's special about Justice League？A．It advocates social justice．B．It brings lots of fun to the audience．C．It has some brave heroes．D．It brings back childhood memories．（3）In Paragraph 5the author mainly wants to express his．A．views on the film's weaknessB．advice to the film's directorC．love for the filmD．expectation of the film's sequels（4）The author mentioned another film producer to．A．stress the importance of fun in a filmB．show Justice League's lack of a serious plotC．serve as a warning to the producer of Justice LeagueD．set an example for the producer of Justice League18．（6分）（1）According to the passage，it is good habit to when you are writing your email．A．include all of your social network linksB．send your emails to all of your coworkersC．use different font size to make the massage vividD．keep the subject line brief（2）Which of the following statements might the author agree with？A．The subject line is filled with Hey instead of being left blank．B．Using capitals is acceptable when offering congratulations．C．You are supposed to reply to only one person at a time．D．Social network links should be included in your signature．（3）In which of the following sentences does the phrase "cry wolf" is correctly used？A．Economists are just crying wolf while actually the economic future is not so bad．B．The government is always crying wolf and has never kept the promise to reduce taxes．C．He cried wolf when he received a letter saying that his application had been rejected．D．He just cried wolf in comforting her when he didn't know what had really happened．19．（8分）The recession （衰退）of 2008﹣09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity，the followingrecovery for its weakness．The labour market has also broken the rules，as new research from the OECD，a think﹣tank of mainly rich countries，shows in its annual Employment Outlook．Young people always suffer in recessions．Employers stop hiring them；and they often get rid of new recruits because they are easier to dismiss．But in previous episodes，such as the recessions of the 1970s，1980s and 1990s，older workers were also kicked off．This time is different．During the financial crisis in 2008，and since，they have done better than other age groups．The researchers focus on movements in "non﹣employment" as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012．This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment，where people are looking for work，but also inactivity，where people are not seeking jobs．Whereas the average non﹣employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one﹣and﹣a﹣half points among 25﹣to 54﹣year﹣olds，it has fallen by two points among the 55﹣64 age group．Why have older employees done so well？In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not afforded to younger workers，but that did not really help themin past recessions．What has changed，says Stefano Scarpetta，head of the OECD's employment directorate，is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff．In the past，early﹣retirement policies provided by governments （in the mistaken belief that these would help young people）made it cheaper to push grey﹣haired workers out of the door．These have largely stopped．Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young．That view is wrongheaded．First，it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another；there is no fixed amount of work．And second，as the report shows，young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace．They do different types of work in different types of occupation：younger people are keen on IT firms，for example，whereas older folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries．There are plenty of things that should be done to help the young jobless，but kicking older workers out of the workplace is not one of them．（1）By saying "The labour market has also broken the rules"，the author means．A．young employees were protected by the governmentB．young employees suffered moderately in labour marketC．old employees suffered very little in the labour marketD．The recession had little impact on labour market（2）What do we know about "early﹣retirement policies" mentioned in the 4th paragraph？A．They proved to be little use and nearly no longer in effect．B．They have effectively helped young employees．C．They financially supported the elderly people．D．They have gain popularity in southern European countries．（3）The word "fallacy" （in the last paragraph）probably means ""．A．common beliefB．wrong conceptC．acceptable assumptionD．wise statement（4）Which of the following might the author agree with？A．Early﹣retirement policies should have been well adoptedby governments．B．Young people should be encouraged into traditional industries．C．Supportive policies should be made to help elderly people when crisis occurs．D．Old people's remaining in jobs doesn't necessarily threaten young people's jobs．Section CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.评分标准：每题（2分）．20．（8分）A．It takes continuous time and effort to be successful in any area．B．The general rule goes that the harder you try，the greater results you get．C．Many old beliefs are being performed these days and are followed blindly．D．It always takes tests and then fails us to learn anything worthwhile．E．However，in most circumstances your effort and attempt go well alongside with your desired achievement．F．But the price we pay to realize this is high because it takes a great amount of courage to follow your own path．Life is not easy when you are looking for something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences．（1）Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases．（2）However，people usually get discouraged when it takes more time than they thought it would．At this time，people refer only to people who have already achieved what they want to do．Look at any successful person and you'll notice one thing common in all of them：they took time to learn and mastered their skill like no one else．There is no elevator to success and you have to take the stairs．Be brave to take the road less traveled．In our whole life，we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests，do the same thing everyone does，take the same career path everyone takes，wear the same clothes everyone wears，and hang out with the same people we work with．Why？Because we are scared to fail．But when you get bored of life，you realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny isdifferent from anyone else's out there in the world．（3）You don't have to live your life in a way society wants you to．（4）Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don't want because other children have selected that career．Worst of all，people follow them without even asking．There is no harm in believing in old beliefs but when you pursue them before your interest，sooner or later you'll realize that you should first do what you think is right．Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．As is known to all，many things can be measured in terms of data．Sometimes data can indeed tell the truth．With the help of data we can easily know the price of a can of Coke in the supermarket or the result of a football match or the temperature of a certain day．Obviously，data can make our life easier and more comfortable．What is more important，data seem to be fairer than words or statements．If the data are true，we don't have to worry about being cheated．Nowadays，as lies exist in the world，data are expected to tell the truth．Therefore，many of us would rather believe data．On the other hand，if we judge things only by data from the so﹣called specific research，aren't we a little too narrow﹣minded？Many people often treat the so﹣called specific data unwisely just to make sure that they are making the right decisions．But sometimes we may find that data aren't everything．For example，how can you tell that somebody isn't a good student just because he or she doesn't get high marks in the final examination？There are many things in our life which cannot be measured by data．For example，the degree of your feeling happy in your life，the depth of love between you and your friends，and the faith you have in your country．We can only feel them in our hearts but can never express them in data．There is no doubt that analyzing the exact data is important to assessment of an actual event．But data should be dealt with wisely．We often get wrong data which mislead us．We should try our best to be wise thinkers．Remember，data have no feeling but we humans have．Data do not mean much to people if we do not have the abilities to analyze the data with the knowledge and confidence to judge whether they are true or false．Data are data after all．Life is much more colorful than the pale data．So give the cold data a warm heart and we'll find that the world is far more wonderful than the pale data can describe．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）我们相约周末去植物园看花展．（appointment）23．（3分）这家超市商品种类繁多，能满足不同的消费需求．（variety）24．（4分）如果父母在教育孩子的问题上意见一致，家庭就会更加和睦．（share）25．（5分）许多学校已将剪纸之类的民间艺术引入课堂，这不但培养了学生的动手能力，也提高了他们的艺术鉴赏力．（not only…）Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．假设你们学校正在向学生征询开设选修课（optional course）的有关事宜．请你写信给校长，提出你希望开设的选修课的名称，并简要说说这门课应该涉及的主要内容以及开设这门选修课的意义．2019年上海市闵行区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.第1-10每题（1分）；第11-20每题（1.5分）．1．（1分）A．By car．B．On foot．C．By bus．D．By bike．【解答】D2．（1分）A．A policeman．B．A postman．C．A doctor．D．A teacher．【解答】C3．（1分）A．He didn't sleep well last night．B．He did too much work last night．C．He went to bed late last night．D．He worked late with his work．【解答】A4．（1分）A．The man has just missed his flight．B．The plane is delayed due to bad weather．C．The plane will leave at 9：14．D．The departure time is unknown．【解答】D5．（1分）A．Offering a suggestion．B．Starting an argument．C．Stopping a fight．D．Correcting a mistake．【解答】A6．（1分）A．Apply for a discount．B．Read the agreement．C．Fill in the application form．D．Buy a certain product．【解答】B7．（1分）A．The woman was too tired to see the TV programme．B．The man missed part of the TV programme．C．Both of the speakers found the TV programme boring．D．The man regretted wasting time on the TV programme．【解答】B8．（1分）A．Select the data．B．Revise the report．C．Collect more data．D．Present the report．【解答】A9．（1分）A．Go to bed earlier．B．Learn how to be attentive．C．Spend more time outdoors．D．Take her job more seriously．【解答】C10．（1分）A．He feels sorry for the students．B．He is strongly against the punishment．C．He approves of the professor's action．D．He offers an option to stop cheating．【解答】CSection BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 11．（4.5分）（1）A．V olunteer work and study．B．Work and relaxation．C．Adventurous trip and project．D．Cultural study and local visiting．（2）A．It offers ways to learn a new language．B．It helps broaden your horizons．C．It guarantees you to earn money．D．It might take you to unusual places（3）A．Volunteering in foreign countries．B．Ways to spend a working holiday．C．Great places for a working holiday．D．The concept of a working holiday．【解答】11．B12．C13．D12．（4.5分）（1）A．Committed．B．Flexible．C．Independent．D．Agreeable．（2）A．They easily get wounded when doing exercise．B．They feel uncomfortable when they are observed．C．They are serious about their exercise plan．D．They are suitable to take up co﹣operative sports．（3）A．To help people understand what personality type they are．B．To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits．C．To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise．D．To describe different types of exercises available at present．。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷
2019 年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections ： In Section A ， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation ， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（ 1 分） A ． 200．B ． 300．C． 400．D ． 600．2．（ 1 分） A ． At a bus stop．B ． At home ．C． At the airport ．D ． At a supermarket ．3．（ 1 分） A ． Manager and employee．B ． Teacher and student．C． Husband and wife ．D ． Brother and sister ．4．（ 1 分） A ． He went to a picture show ．B ． He painted some pictures ．C． He watched a football match on TV ．D ． He went out to play football ．5．（ 1 分） A ． The mouse．B ． The price ．C． The monitor ．D ． The keyboard ．6．（ 1 分） A ． The man shouldn't be so anxious．B ． She's already an hour late．C． The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed ．D ． She's too nervous to calm down ．7．（ 1 分） A ． It is his favorite book ．B ． It is not worth reading ．C． It is not the one he likes ．D ． It is better than he expected ．8．（ 1 分） A ． Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year ．B ． Business is always good at the end of the year ．C． Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D ． There will be many cases at the end of the year ．9．（ 1 分） A ． She didn't like it at all ．B ． She thought it was very easy ．C． She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D ． She thought the instructor was very good ．10．（ 1 分） A ． They will make a phone call to Dr ． Smith tomorrow ．B ． They can put down the clock because it is always slow ．C． Dr ． Smith was late for the call ．D ． They can call on Dr ． Smith tomorrow ．Section BDirections ： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice ， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5 分）（1） A ． The impact of painful memories ．B ． New research on a pill and the argument about it ．C． A way of wiping out painful memories．D ． A proper method for changing memories ．（2）A ． It can cause the brain to fix memories ．B ． It can stop people remembering bad experiences ．C． It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals ．（3）A ． Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill ．B ． The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C． Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D ． The pill has already been produced and used by the American public ．12．（ 4.5 分）（ 1） A． Wearing high heels can improve women's balance ．B ． Wearing high heels exposes women to strains ．C． Wearing high heels can result in back pain ．D ． Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns ．（2）A ． They should choose proper heels．B ． They should exercise their ankle muscles properly ．C． They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently ．D ． They should give up the habit of wearing high heels ．（3）A ． Because they thought it was fashionable ．B ． Because it was a symbol of status ．C． Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D ． Because it was required by European emperors ．13．（ 6 分）（ 1） A． Believing in themselves ．B ． Writing a book ．C． Challenging their life ．D ． Asking for help ．（2）A ． She makes children's programs．B ． She gets involved in legal decisions ．C． She simplifies a judge's job ．D ． She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A ． Sharing things with others ．B ． Solving problems ．C． Talking with others ．D ． Having her opinions heard ．（ 4）A ． A judge's reflection on her job and life ．C． The importance of law in daily life．D ． The problems people meet in court ．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（ 10 分）However depressed you may be feeling now ， if you look back ， there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣ maybe the time （ 1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is ， happiness doesn't usually last． The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off， and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （ 2）（well ） on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣ that is，（3）good something makes us feel ， most of the time we drift back to （ 4）we started． An often （ 5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣ winners eighteen months after their win ．But don't despair ． It is possible to make happiness last ． Psychologists have found two anti ﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness ： variety and appreciation ．Variety is ， as we all know ， the spice of life ． But it's also a useful weapon（6）adaptation． Positive changes that （ 7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness ． For example ， you will feel happier about your volunteer work （ 8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation， is in many ways the opposite of adaptation ． It's about focusing on something ，instead of letting it fade into the background ． It is only when you appreciate something（9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （ 10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money ， without giving any thought to what you will do withthe most of the ones you've been given ．Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（ 10 分）A ． coupled B． currently C． head D． depressing E． productF． targetG． suggest H ． capability I． score J． potentially K ． tricky Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is． A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to（1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits ．Over the past few years， Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （ 2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in． They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it ， along with third ﹣ party data that might be available ．Now ， to be clear， there's nothing particularly （ 5）about what Spotify is doing with your data ． I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （ 6 ）you might be in a casually racist mood． Nevertheless， I find it （ 7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go， can't you ？ As ad targeting gets ever more complicated ，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （ 8 ）exploitative ways ． According to one study， titled Misery Is Not Miserly， you are more likely to spend more on a （ 9）if you're feeling sad． You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that ． And on that note ， I'm feeling a little down about all this． I'll（10）off to treat myself to something expensive ．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16（． 15 分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism ．And while the presence of its scent is （ 1 ）throughout the world entirely ， its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America ．As the framework of its history ， America holds individuality as the ever ﹣ popular green light ， the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for ， well ， almost everything ． In fact ， in America's current social status ， individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （ 2）applied upon the face of the media ， where it was （ 3）valued as the American dream ． There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for（ 4）it ．However ，（ 5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state， perhaps humans， when stripped （剥）to their core（核心）， are everything but ．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences． The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans， along with the （ 6）and relationships between them． It is a （ 7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus ． Indeed， interaction is the core of experience ． Therefore ， in order that humans are the sum of their experiences ， they must be the sum of the people that they meet， just as well ．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self ﹣ entitled individualism was（8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept ． Questions （ 9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣ my family ， my teachers， all of my friends ， and even strangers ﹣ then whatis left that is just me ？ What part of me is just me ？ How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people ？ Is such a （ 10）between myself and others even possible？ "Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a（11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （ 12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentionedisolated island on top of an ocean of influence ．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（ n）（ 13）between influenceand individualism ， as such is a line that cannot be distinct ．（ 14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture ， and a steady question． Thus， it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （ 15 ）the lie of individualism ． Hopefully ， they will come into acceptance ．（1） A． unpredictable B ． untrustworthy C． unreliable D． undeniable（2） A． necessity B ． characteristic C． mark D． model（3） A． later B ． previously C． extremely D． publicly（4） A． destroying B ． appreciating C． chasing D． escaping（5） A． though B ． if C． since D． as（6） A． conflict B ． tension C． interaction D． cooperation（7） A． common B ． rare C． frequent D． strange（8） A． right B ． justified C． unclear D． false（9） A． affected B ． interrupted C． bothered D． surprised（10） A ． separation B ． combination C． contrast D． communication （11）A ． secret B ． mystery C． truth D． fantasy（12） A ． gap B ． belief C． factor D． change（13） A ． distinction B ． connection C． exchange D． medium（14） A ． Therefore B ． However C． Instead D． Furthermore （15） A ． break up B ． make up C． cope with D． see through Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（ 8 分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooringpassenger opens the door into another road user ﹣ typically cyclist ﹣ without looking for otherroad users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke ， but it's not and can have serious consequences． Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly ，and people to be encouraged to look before they open ． "The charity says 2 ， 009 of the 3 ， 000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urgingall car occupants， not just drivers ， to look before opening vehicle doors ． One of the waysthe charity suggests is the "Dutch reach" ， where people leaving a vehicle reach over and usethe non﹣ door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for peoplewho cycle ．Mr ． Tuohy said ： "In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘ Dutch reach' ， which we think could be successfully encouraged in theUK ． ""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of‘ car dooring'through a public awareness THINK style campaign． "If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behindyou ， consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door ． That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3 ？A ． To cause public concern．B ． To report the terrible accidents ．C． To show the danger of car dooring ．（ 2）While doing the "Dutch reach" ， you should．A ． sit still in your seatB ． open the car door politelyC． use the inside hand to open the doorD ． use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text ？A ． Many people are ignorant of car dooring ．B ． The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C． Dooring incidents are all attended by police ．D ． Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents ．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring ？A ． Negative ．B ． Ridiculous ．C． Neutral ．D ． Concerned18．（ 6 分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（ 170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule． The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions． Classes are not held on University holidays ．The upcoming class sessions will be ：Spring 2018 ：February 1﹣ April 7Summer 2018： June 13﹣ August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability ．MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Beginning I ， Section Beginning I ， Section Beginning II Intermediate IIA B6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：00 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．Chinese Rehab Intermediate I Beginning III Intermediate III6：30 ～ 7：00 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted ． If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus ． The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building ． Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S ． E． and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p． m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on allUniversity holidays ．Office Address160 University International Center ， 331﹣ 17th Ave． S．E．， Minneapolis ， MN 55414 Phone： 612625﹣ 5080Fax：612﹣ 625﹣5158Email ：confucius （ @ umn． edu（ 1）Chinese Rehab．A ． costs more moneyB ． is held on MondayC． lasts one and a half hoursD ． has four classes a week（ 2）To get information about the classes ， you can visit the office．A ． on Monday noonB ． at 12： 30 a． m．， TuesdayC． on Wednesday eveningD ． at 1： 30 p． m．， Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A ． The schedule may be changeable．B ． They can be one﹣ to﹣ one instruction ．C． They are held on University holidays ．D ． They start at the beginning of the University semester ．19．（ 8 分） Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学）， though firmly tested ， is so weird and anti ﹣ intuitive that physicist Richard Feynman once remarked ， "I think I can safely say nobody understandsquantum mechanics． " Attempts to explain some of the bizarre（奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind ﹣ bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many ﹣ worlds interpretation ．Now there's a new theory on the block ， called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW ）， and the idea is just as profound as it sounds． The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist ， but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable． Though still speculative （推测的）， the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics ．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣ worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣ an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real， each representing an actual， though parallel ， world ． One problem with the many﹣ worlds interpretation ，however， has been that it is fundamentally untestable ， since observations can only be made in our world ． Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined ．MIW ， however， says otherwise． It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level ， and in fact that they do ．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957， " explained Howard Wiseman ， a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW ．"In the well ﹣ known ‘ Many ﹣ Worlds Interpretation' ， each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made． All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣ in some universes the dinosaur ﹣ killing asteroid （小行星） missed Earth． In others， Australia was colonized by the Portuguese． ""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence ouruniverse at all ， " he added ． "On this score ， our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different ， as its name implies ． "Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘ nearby'（ i．e． similar ） worlds ， which tends to make them more dissimilar ．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force ， they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interactinteractions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy ． "What might your life look like if you made different choices ？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1 ﹣ 2， which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A ． It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is ．B ． The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition （直觉） based．C． Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways ．D ． Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research ．（2）According to paragraph 3 ﹣5， the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A ． MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB ． MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC． The previous one is based on profound foundationD ． The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage ， critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A ． the origin of these parallel universesB ． the foundation of these universesC． the reality of these other universesD ． the ways of how these parallel universes interact（ 4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A ． someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB ． humans may make different choices simultaneously（同时地）and live in differentuniversesC． humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD ． life would be more unexpected ， but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencesentences than you need.20．（ 8 分）A ． What do you think we can do to prevent Chinese musicals from declining in popularity？B． At that time ， the musical was chosen as the opening show for the 17th China Shanghai International Arts Festival ．C． The box office is expected to be twice higher than that of last year ， reaching $1 million in total．D． The small audience size hasn't discouraged local artists from producing outstanding works ．E． The deal is a milestone for Shimmer in its goal to further spread its influence to the world F． Despite the huge success of Shimmer， the team is facing a limited market ．Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ ended run on Broadway in 2019 ．（ 1）Directed by Xu Jun ， Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II ， was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（ 2）The musical's scheduled open ﹣ ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States． With this play being shown on Broadway， the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened． And through this drama ， the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture ．（3）To deal with the problem ， many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences． Currently ， those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣ people who have received a university education or have hadoverseas working experiences， white ﹣ collar and even gold ﹣ collar workers ． There are only a handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way tomotivate the public and get them into the theater ．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai ． The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia ， both of which had hundreds of shows across China， are among the top box office hits ．Summary Writing21．（ 10 分） Directions ： Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the main point（ s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible ．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday ？ " Lindsey whispers to Tori ．With her eyes shining ， Tori brags， "You bet I did ， Sean told me two days ago ．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me ． Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip ． An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about． Usually ， gossip spreads information about a topic ﹣ breakups， trouble at home﹣ thata person would rather keep secret． The more embarrassing the secret is， the juicier the gossipit makes． Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie ． People often think ofgossipers as harmless， but cruel lies can cause pain ．If we know that gossip can be harmful ， then why do so many of us do it ？ The answerlies in another effect of gossip ： the satisfaction it gives us ． Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't． Similarly ，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority ．Gossip also can have a third effect： it strengthens unwritten rules about how peopleshould act． Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in agroup． For instance， if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore orwhat Jane said ， then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you thesame kind of negative attention ． The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never showup in any student handbook ．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation ． The next time you feel the urge tospread the latest news， think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"TranslationDirections ： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．（ 3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（ have trouble）23．（ 3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（ assure）24．（ 4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（ despite）25．（ 5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（ until ）Guided Writing26．（ 20 分） Directions ： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese ．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment ）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay ；二维码 QR code）2019 年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections ： In Section A ， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation ， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（ 1 分） A ． 200．B ． 300．C． 400．D ． 600．【考点】 15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】 C【点评】略2．（ 1 分） A ． At a bus stop．B ． At home ．C． At the airport ．D ． At a supermarket ．【考点】 15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】 C【点评】略3．（ 1 分） A ． Manager and employee．B ． Teacher and student．C． Husband and wife ．D ． Brother and sister ．【考点】 15：短对话理解．【分析】略。
2019年上海市静安区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市静安区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．（1分）A． At a bus station．B． At a gas station．C． At a military museum．D． At a mobile phone shop．2．（1分）A． 3．B． 5．C． 8．D． 11．3．（1分）A． He had difficulty going to sleep at night．B．He stayed up late watching TV series．C．He produced an attractive TV series．D．He had to buy a new sleeping pillow．4．（1分）A． The woman should clean up the closet．B． The woman has bought too many new clothes．C． The woman should put on some weight．D． The woman should buy more clothes．5．（1分）A． The sunlight will bum up the jacket．B． The beach is too cold．C． She is proud of her dark skin color．D． The sunlight is helpful to her．6．（1分）A． Many activities were arranged in the bookshop．B． Many people were listening to a writers lecture．C． The bookshop was popular because of the book resources．D． People went to the bookshop to get free books．7．（1分）A． Customers can pay cash．B． There are more varieties of goods．C． Customers can get a bargain price．D． Customers can receive the goods faster．8．（1分）A． Peter isn't in his hometown himselfB． Peter isn't their good friend．C． Peter is unlikely to appear to pick them up．D． Peter owns an empty house in his hometown．9．（1分）A． Do a part﹣time job on campus．B． Borrow money from the woman．C． Obtain financial assistance from school．D． Study a practical case on campus．10．（1分）A． The man had a bad time eating with his boss．B． The man had a stomachache after lunch．C． The man enjoys eating with co﹣workers．D． The man is particular about the food he eats．Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear two Passages and one longer conversation. After eachpassage or conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， readthe four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard. 11．（4.5分）（1）A．Users can choose height range．B． Users can improve their eyesight．C． Users can select the SPF of the cream．D． Users can get a full exposure to the cream．（2）A．The laziness of the inventor．B． The needs of the hotels．C． The fund the inventor obtained．D． The online usage video．（3）A．Inserting coins into the equipment．B． Paying cash to the inventor．C． Buying Snappy Screen card．D． Paying for the hotel room．12．（4.5分）（1）A．He got a medal for courage．B． He would become a French citizen．C． He got a position in the fire service．D． He received a large sum of money．（2）A．He was playing a game．B． He was sleeping in the balcony．C． He was staying with his family．D． He was injured．（3）A． The balcony was not strong enough．B． The boy's father left him alone at home．C． The house was on fire．D． Firemen broke into the house．13．（6分）（1）A．The origin of AI technology．B． The bad influences AI might bring．C． The changes AI brings to humans．D． The waterproof feature of AI technology．（2）A．Too few people he has interviewed．B． The inferior AI products on the market．C． The lack of resources on AI theory．D． The lack of fund for the study．（3）A．It is located in the downtown area．B． It has professional staff．C． It offers great online resource．D． It opens to general public free of charge．（4）A．To prove that the applicant has legal income．B． To guarantee applicant's ability to pay overdue fine．C． To use the bank card as the membership card．D． To pay the membership fee．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）"I love the work and experience I've gained， but I am frustrated by the disorganized management．Also， I've been told I can't ask for more money． I can get a new job with more pay， but will（1）（leave）within a year hurt my professional reputation？"The answer is，" it depends．"When we choose to leave a new job early， it sends the message that（2）is terribly wrong，especially in the current economic climate（3）unemployment is higher and people are dying for jobs． That means you will somehow look suspicious （4）you say about the leave． Saying the work is great but you don't like management or the pay won't go over well with employers． To them， it sounds a bit selfish and needy． No doubt， they（5）（question）your ability to be patient or be a good team player．Employers dislike people who are unhappy in a job after less than a year． It implies impatience and lack of appreciation for the employer． Plus， you're getting paid to do work you actually like， so they （6） assume that you can't put up with a little disorganization． And speaking of pay， most companies work （7） an annual review basis， so suddenly asking for more money doesn't work for their budgets．So， what's the solution？Focus on your desire （8）（develop） professionally． "It's a tough decision to leave this great company． I love the work I am doing． However，it （9）（make） clear to me that there Is no room for me to grow my skills as a professional． My fear is if I stay， I will become （10）（competitive）down the line． I want to move to a company where I can take my skills and abilities to the next level and create even more value for my employer．"Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 15．（10分）A．combination B． sheets C． flexible D． rejected E． healF． imitate G． chemical H． damage I． setting J． necessarilyK． severeArtificial skin is a substitute for human skin produced in the laboratory，typically used to treat burns． Different types of artificial skin differ in their complexity， but all are designed to （1）at least some of the skin's basic functions， which include protecting against wetness and infection and regulating body heat．Skin is primarily made of two layers： the uppermost layer， the epidermis，which serves as a protection against the environment； and the dermis， the layer below the epidermis． The dermis also contains substances， which help to make the skin（2） and maintain its biological functions．Artificial skins close wounds， which prevents bacterial infection and water loss and in result the wounded skin can （3）． For example， one commonly used artificial skin， Integra． functions as a support between cells that helps regulate cell behavior and causes a new dermis to form by promoting cell growth and collagen（股原质）（4）． The Integra "dermis" is also biodegradable （可生物降解的）． It is gradually absorbed and replaced by the new dermis． Aside from its uses in the clinical（5）， artificial skin may also be used to model human skin for research． For example， artificial skin is used as an alternative in animal testing． Such testing may cause （6） pain and discomfort to the animals and it does not（7） predict the response of human skin． Some companies like L'óreal have already used artificial skin to test many （8） ingredients and products． Other research applicationsinclude how skin is affected by UV exposure and how certain substances in sunscreen and medicines are transported through skin．Today new technology has been developed by growing （9） of skin taken from the patient or other humans．One major source is the foreskins of newborns． Such cells often do not stimulate the body's immune system﹣a mechanism that allows babies to develop within their mother's body﹣and hence are much less likely to be （10） by the patient's body．Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C， and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）You've been painting for a few years， and maybe you have even sold a painting or two． Are you ready to（1） the title of an amateur artist？Distinguishing green hand from professional artists is（2） task． It is not just a matter of your ability to create nice paintings． It's not only about painting techniques．And for most cases，it doesn't happen （3）． Very few artists become overnight success without years of struggle and suffering．To turn professional，people find it critical to develop a personal style． What makes your paintings（4） among other paintings out there？Are your paintings standing out unmistakably directed to you as the creator？A personal style comes along with technique， painting medium， and subject andit tends to develop gradually over time． You （5） it through unconscious and constant exploring and self﹣shaping． Style does not mean that you are painting the same subject or using the same painting medium． Salvador Dali used to use many artistic media， but they all have a （6） Dali style． Style refers to the emotions and thoughts delivered by your paintings， which people can identify with． Their （7） of the painter is then a sure thing． Artists talk about their（8） all of the time． What gets you out of bed every morning to paint？ How do you find the energy to have all your time devoted to painting？（9）， we all love to do what we do and we get asatisfaction out of creating． For the professional artist， it goes beyond that． Some artists wish to convey a deep message concerning life， society or even politics． Others simply seek（10） returns to cover kids' tuition fees or pay family bills． Yet， all professional artists know that they have to keep working to achieve the goals．Many amateur artists passively wait for（11） to come． If they are not in the mood， they do not bother wasting the time． They sometimes allow themselves to be occupied by events like parties． Professionals are never easily （12） or torn away from their art work in progress． Focused on their work so much， some even regard spending time outside their（13） as crime （14） is their secret to high productivity．Besides， professional artists are constantly prepared to grab new ideas for the next painting， which they believe is sure to be better than the previous one． The belief that there is always room for （15） keeps driving them forward in the art world where many masters have come along．（1）A． step beyond B． turn off C． see through D． make up（2）A． rewarding B． tricky C． formal D． temporary （3）A． individually B． thoroughly C． instantly D． sincerely （4）A． unique B． superior C． practical D． reliable（5）A． acquire B． transfer C． imitate D． analyze（6）A． recent B． distinct C． modest D． logical（7）A． preservation B． employment C． adaption D． recognition （8）A． background B． significance C． motivation D． routine（9）A． To sum up B． In contrast C． In addition D． In general （10）A． academic B． global C． financial D． original （11）A． inspiration B． fame C． guidance D． solution （12）A． offended B． dominated C． distracted D． rewarded（13）A． studio B． bedroom C． garage D． garden（14）A． Reflection B． Devotion C． Creativity D． Illustration （15）A． negotiation B． profit C． criticism D． improvement Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C， and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）I boarded a small plane together with my sister and 42other passengers． While flying over the mountains， the plane encountered violent airflow． Losing control suddenly， it hit an unknown mountain peak． The impact of the crash claimed the lives of a few passengers immediately， leaving many injured including my sister．Adding a slight chance of being found out， we waited in the open， as opposed to waiting in the plane， even though it was freezing cold． At night， we slept side by side to keep ourselves warm and melted snow into water． We knew our food couldn't last us long， sticking to the hope that we would be rescued soon． We knew from radio that the outside world was trying to look for the missing aircraft． However， the aircraft was white and blended in with the snow， making it impossible to be seen from the sky． Later， our hope was dead when we found out via our radio that the rescue effort ended．Now climbing over the mountains ourselves to search for help seemed to be our only chance of survival． Although the crash site was an awful place， with urine（尿）everywhere and smelling of death， I still wished to stay there． But my sister would give in to her injuries soon if we were not rescued． Thus， together with two other people， Canessa and Vizintin， I decided to walk through the icy wilderness for help． Carrying some food and water， the three climbers started our journey． If we had known anything about climbing， we would have realized that we were already finished． The mountain we were about to challenge was one with slopes so steep that it would scare away a team of expert climbers． Ourignorance provided our only chance．We endured exhaustion and starvation and we had reached the top．To our horror， we found nothing． Disappointed， we were about to give up hope when I spotted a valley at the base of the mountain and again we started making our way down the mountain．Eventually， at the bottom of the mountain we were helped by a local farmer who called the police for help． I then guided the rescue team via a helicopter to the crash site． Finally， after we had endured nineteen cruel days， the world found out that there were 16survivors who had cheated death despite the odds．（1）Why did they stay outside the plane？A． Because they didn't want to stay with dead people inside．B． Because it's easier to obtain melted snow for water．C． Because they hoped to be seen by the rescue people．D． Because other passengers were against staying inside．（2）Why did the author leave the crash site despite his wish to stay？A． Because he could get help from two experienced climbers．B． Because his sister might die without timely medical help．C． Because the crash site was too terrible for him to stay in．D． Because he would like to be tested by the steep mountain slopes．（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A． Rescue people didn't notice the aircraft because of its color at the beginning．B． The public knew where the plane crashed from the radio．C． The author gave up the climb halfway due to disappointment．D． More than half of the plane passengers were finally rescued．（4）The underlined sentence "had cheated death despite the odds "is closest in meaning to ．A． had told lies about death in spite of realityB． had avoided death in spite of huge difficultiesC． had treated death with positive attitudeD． had almost died in spite of strange expectation18．（6分）Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless（不锈的） Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer （温度计） FGTHO 550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products 4.3 out of 5 stars 2，274 customer reviews Price：＄7.01Color： MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel， this oven thermometer is designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens． The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius， and it features clearly marked temperature differences to aid accurate readings． Easy to install， the thermometer comes equipped witha convenient hanger， so it can be suspended from an oven rail． Its self﹣standingdesign also allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven．Easy﹣to﹣Read DialThis oven thermometer measures and displays true oven temperature， helping to ensure precise results when preparing food．Durable Stainless Steel DesignWith its stainless steel construction and rock﹣resistant lens，this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use． And with its long 10﹣year warranty， it's sure to become one of your kitchen mainstays．About manufacturerRubbermaid Commercial Products， headquartered in Winchester， Va， is a manufacturer of innovative，solution﹣based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide． Since 1968， RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services，cleaning maintenance， waste handling， material transport， and safety products Product details．Product details• Product Dimensions： 6.1 x 45 x 1.5 inches； I pound• Domestic Shipping： Item can be shipped within U．S• International Shipping： This item can be shipped to selected countries outside of the U．S． Learn More• Amazon Best Sellers Rank：#1 in Home Kitchen＞ Oven Thermometersspecial offers and product promotions• pay with your credit card or your Amazon． Com Gift Card． Apply now．（1）Which of the following features does the product enjoy？A It's made of quality plastic easy to be bent．B． It is assisted with electronic dial reading system．C． It could be positioned within the oven in two ways．D． It is resistant to shake and press（2）Which description about the product is true？A． It provides unconditional domestic and international shopping．B． It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on AmazonC． Over 3000 customers have commented on the product．D． It could be paid for only through credit card．（3）Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products？A． Deskside Plastic Wastebasket．B． Airtight Snack ContainerC． Full Pan CarrierD． Over﹣ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones19．（8分）Canada is a bilingual country with "co﹣official" languages． English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada． This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from， federal （联邦的）government institutions in either English or French． Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual regions． Like the United States， Canada started as a colony． Beginning in the 1500s，it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years' War． As a result， the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers： France and England． The Constitution （宪法）Act of 1867enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts． Years later，Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969， which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co ﹣official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual﹣language status．Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians． Among other benefits， the 1969 Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents， whether their native language was French or English． The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country．The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities． However， the reality is that most Canadians speak English， andof course， many Canadians speak another language entirely．Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas， there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language， so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions． Canadians use the phrase "where numbers warrant" to indicate whether a local population's language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government．While many Canadians are bilingual， they are not only speaking English or French． Statistic Canada finds that more than 200 languages that were not English or French， were reported as a language spoken by its people． About two﹣thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also spoke either English or French．（1）The acceptance of two official languages in Canada is due to ．A． the language ﹣using tradition caused by Canada's colonial history．B． the convenience for business dealings by using two languages in the country．C． the welcome attitude toward immigrates from all over the world．D． the mastery of two languages of Canadians because of school education．（2）In reality whether bilingual service provided by the federal government is necessary in different districts is decided by ．A． the legal order from the federal governmentB． the popularity of the language in the worldC． the number of schools teaching the languageD． the number of local people using the language（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A． English has gained superior legal position to French because of bigger number of users in Canada．B． The legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969．C． Both French and English should be used on products in Canada according to federal law．D． Canadian people speak either French or English in social communication．（4）What is the main idea of the passage？A． The advantage of using multiple languages in CanadaB． The history and current situation of two language used in CanadaC． The disadvantaged status of the French language used in Canada．D． Canadians' advancement in balancing two languages in business world．Section C Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentences can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）A． They are even believed to possess some level of consciousness．B． The creature instantly loses consciousness in half a second．C． Legal prohibition becomes the major consideration for restaurants when choosing a cooking method．D． Except for moral consideration， many chefs believe stress negatively affects the flavor of the meat．E． It's difficult to assess pain in other species because we cannot communicate as easily．F． It beats the former method by saving chefs' effort in cleaning the creature．Unit the 1980s， scientists were trained to ignore animal pain， according to the belief that the ability to feel pain was associated only with higher consciousness． However， today， scientists view humans as a species of animals，and largely accept that many species are capable of some level of self﹣awareness． People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion．If you slap（掌击） another person in the face， you can estimate their pain level of self﹣awareness． People are coming to realize that other species might also enjoy the luxury of emotion．If you slap（击掌） another person in the face， you can estimate their painlevel by what they do or say in response，（1）Gradually， scientists have developed a set of indicators of pain response in non﹣human animals． Demonstrating a response to a negative stimulation and displaying protective behavior of injured areas are two major signs．But huge disagreement exists． For example， scientists disagree over whether or not lobsters（龙虾）feel pain． Some researchers argue lobsters are two dissimilar to vertebrates（脊椎动物）to feel pain． Nonetheless， lobsters do satisfy all of the standards for a pain response． Lobsters guard their injuries，and learn to avoid dangerous situations．（2）In result， today most scientists agree that injuring a lobster causes physical pain．Due to growing evidence that the lobsters may feel pain， it is now illegal to boil lobsters alive or keep them on ice in some countries． Currently， boiling lobsters alive is illegal in Switzerland and New Zealand． Even in locations where boiling lobsters remains legal， many restaurants prefer more humane methods．（3）To satisfy picky diners，more restaurants rule out the cruel cooking methods． Stabbing a lobster in the head isn't a good option， as it neither kills the lobster nor makes it unconscious．Currently， the most humane tool for cooking a lobster is the CrustaStun． This device electrocutes（点击） a lobster．（4） The following process of cooking is sure to cause no pain． In contrast， it takes about 2 minutes fora lobster to die from boiling water during which time pain lasts．IV. Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．So， when you picked up a few things in a supermarket， a guy ran his cart over your toe with no apology． By the time when a fellow motorist had cut you off in traffic， with a rude hand gesture or two， wasn't it a relief to get to the office？The answer is a definite yes． It is found that most American people todaythink public rudeness is on the rise， and most see that as a "major problem．"Moreover， it's getting worse． Last year， people reported encountering an average of 6.2 instances per week of evil behavior． This year， the number had shot up to 10.6．The exception， it seems， is the Workshops． More than 90% of us see companies offices as． what is immune（免疫）to social bad manners． Workplaces are gettig more civil in many people's eyes． The reported cases of office incivility this year declined to 0.29%﹣markedly lower than cases of running into rudeness online （39%）， or while driving （also39%）．Of course， less﹣than﹣polite driving or letting loose with an online conduct code is， after all，unlikely to cost anyone his next raise or promotion． However，being on one's best behavior in any professional field is generally a common ﹣sense career awareness for anyone seeking job development．But there's more to it． Trends in how companies operate seem to have the welcome effect of encouraging coworkers to play nice． CEOS， and managers at all levels， are now keen on cooperation． They are trying to build a ‘Best Places to Work' culture，to attract the best available talents． This emphasis on co ﹣working atmosphere really requires civil interactions between people．Nonetheless，a significant number of employees believe there's more to be done． Asked what changes they'd like to see，62% hope that"civility training will be continued"，looking for bigger progress in the workplace manners．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）您可联系校办公室了解更多信息．（contact）23．（4分）玛丽迫不及待地要使用刚下载的软件．（wait）24．（4分）维生素片能否替代食物为我们提供足够能量仍然未知．（remain）25．（4分）尽管不同学科教师的教学风格不尽相同，他们都密切关注学生的发展．（vary）Ⅵ. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．你是刘晓，你班本学期剩余一笔总额两千元的班费（class fee）结余．目前有两个使用方案：①为教室添置一台空气净化器（air cleaner）；②为每位同学订阅一份英语周刊（English Weekly）．给班委会（class committee）写一封信，谈谈你的看法．信中必须包括：●你赞同的方案；●你赞同该方案的理由；●你对于执行此方案的建议．（信中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）。
2019上海市英语高考模拟试卷及答案
2019上海市英语高考模拟试卷I . Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions ：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation , a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide -which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 6/19. B. 6/28. C. 7/19. D. 7/28.2. A. 0:30 p.m. B. 11 ：30 p. m. C. 12:30 a.m. D. 0:30 a.m.3. A. Customer and manager. B. Secretary and manager.C. Doctor and patient.D. Doctor and nurse.4. A. He didn’t hear what the woman said.B. He liked the documentary a lot.C. He would like the woman to say it again.D. He disapproved of what the woman said.5. A. At a bank. B. At a bookstore.C. At a drugstore.D. At a gas station.6. A. Confident. B. Confused. C. Anxious. D. Satisfied.7. A. He likes the movie very much. B. He is not that interested in the movie.C. He thinks it is too old.D. He prefers it to a classic.8. A. The screen of the TV is a blur. B. The man may have a problem with his eyes.C. The TV screen is covered with dirt.D. The man should watch TV less.9. A. The suit shop. B. A hair salon. C. A furniture store. D. The subway.10. A. The woman thinks it is a better policy.B. The woman disapproves of the policy.C. The woman believes the government is trying hard to make a better policy.D. The woman hopes the government will make a better policy next time.Section B (15%)Directions：In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage and conversation，you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice , but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question , read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Nodding of the head. B. A shake of the head.C. A shake of the hand.D. Folded arms.12. A. Lowering the eyes. B. Waving or pointing to them.C. Talking back too quickly.D. Having frequent eye contact.13. A. Lack of eye contact. B. Lack of gestures.C. Showing the sole of the foot to a guest.D. Keeping eyes lowered.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 5 light years away. B. 2. 7 million miles away.C. 27 million miles away.D. 1. 6 million miles away.15. A. To honor the romantic story between Juno and Jupiter in history.B. To honor the powerful God Jupiter in Roman mythology.C. To honor the story about them in Roman mythology.D. To honor Juno's investigation into Jupiter’s lovers.16. A. The pictures were taken five years ago.B. Juno is one of the satellites orbiting Jupiter.C. People have divided opinions on these photos on Facebook.D. Juno will be able to answer questions about the formation of Jupiter.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He is the department manager. B. He always works overtime.C. He is not satisfied with extra work.D. lie doesn’t like his position.18. A. He is not qualified for the job. B. He is expected to be promoted.C. He is expected to do unrealistic tasks.D. He is expected to meet unrealistic demands.19. A. He is very vulnerable. B. He is trustworthy.C. He is popular among other workers.D. He is quite under great pressure.20. A. To complain directly to the manager. B. To solve the problem by himself.C. To approach the manager directly.D. To ignore the demands.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions ：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word ；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.Before age 3，most children lack the necessary skills to lie. Somewhere between the ages of 3 and 8 though, a lot of children become shockingly skillful at telling lies. A group of 3-year-olds (21) ____ (seat) in a room and told not to peek at a toy placed out of sight while the adult left the room. When they were later asked if they had peeked, only about half of the kids attempted to lie. This was repeated with 7-year-olds, and the majority of the kids avoided telling the truth.At first, it is because they can (22) ____ children lie. They reach a point developmentally (23)____ they realize that they can say something that is not true. These lies are not a sign of moral failures in (24) ____ the parents or the child.By age 7 or 8. most children lie for two reasons. One is to escape punishment and to remain in your good graces. Children figure out that (25) ____ they say they did not do something, they may be able to avoid punishment. Older children are also better than the younger ones at reading human emotion and predicting your reaction. Since most of the children want to make theirparents happy, their lies may be a (26) ____ (misguide) attempt to provide the right answer. The kid who tells you that he did not break the vase, even in the presence of a broken vase，is just telling you what you want to hear. He knows you would be upset about the vase, so he makes up a lie to make you happy.Ironically, kids of strict parents are actually more likely to lie than (27) ____ from a more laid-back home. A child who knows that he gets spanked for doing wrong may feel motivated to lie more often and he may become more skilled at it, because he knows (28) ____ (catch) will lead to punishment.When it comes to telling the truth, when a child matures and ages you will see the lies become (29) ____ (frequent). This is a result of more mature kids learning responsibility and being accountable (30) ____ their actions. If your youngster is telling lies, don’t panic. He will most likely grow out of this stage with the help of his parents setting the right moral values. The experiment in this article was performed by parents and children.Section B (10%)Directions：Complete the following passage by using the -words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.He fascinated Victorian England with his (31) ____ skill at cracking cases, based on astute (机敏的）logical reasoning and grasp of forensic science, not to mention a (32) ____ of disguises and encyclopedic knowledge of the criminal underclass.But this detective was not Sherlock Holmes but a real life investigator, Jerome Caminada, who, as a new research suggests, helped inspire Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's celebrated hero.A biography of Caminada reveals a series of (33) ____ similarities between him and the fictional character, in terms of their unorthodox methods and character. It also establishes strong (34) ____ between the real detective’s cases and plot lines used by Doyle. The author, Angela Buckley, has even established that Caminada’s casework involved (35) ____ an alluring (迷人的) and talented criminal, similar to Irene Adler, and that the detective even had a Moriarty-like nemesis who plagued him over the course of several cases until a final, dramatic confrontation. Mrs. Buckley said, “Caminada became a national figure at just t he time that Sherlock Holmes was being created. There are so many parallels that it is clear Doyle was using parts of this real (36) ____ for his. ”The son of an Italian father and Irish mother, Caminada was based in Manchester, but was involved in cases which took him across the country, and he enjoyed a nationwide profile in the press, where (37) ____ of his exploits were widely reported. Most of his career was spent with Manchester City Police Force although he later (38) ____，like Holmes, as a “consult ing detective”. As the fictional character relied on a network of underworld contacts-- the Baker Street Irregulars -- so Caminada was known for his extensive web of (39) ____ ，whom he wouldoften meet in the back pew of a church. These characters helped him build up an encyclopedic knowledge of the criminal fraternity, among whom he would often move in disguise—another tactic in common with Holmes. Like his fictional counterpart, Caminada was noted for his tendency to wander the streets of the roughest neighborhoods alone at night, (40) ____ intervening in any crimes he encountered.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15%)Directions ：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.There was a time when British Olympic medal winners became household names because there were so few of them. But the 67 medals at this year's Games in Rio and 147 at the Paralympics meant that the GB medalists’ r eception at Buckingham Palace was a(n) (41) ____ and yet happy event.Throughout the Commonwealth there were (42) ____ joyful celebrations. Grenada, the Bahamas, Jamaica and New Zealand won more medals per (43) ____ than any other countries.Many of this y ear’s winners spoke of being inspired by athletes of previous generations. Inspiration (44) ____ their aspiration (抱负）；and having discovered abilities they (45) ____ knew they had, these athletes are now inspiring others.A few months ago, I saw inspiration of a different kind. It was not hard to be moved by the(46)____ of the highly skilled doctors, paramedics and crew, who are called out on average five times a day, even at night.(47) ____，to be inspirational you don’t have to save lives or win medals. I often draw strength from meeting (48) ____ people doing extraordinary things；volunteers, carers, community organizers and good neighbors; (49) ____ heroes whose quiet dedication makes them special. They are an inspiration to those who know them, and their lives frequently (50) ____ a truth expressed by Mother Teresa. She once said，“Not all of us can do great things. But we can do small things with great love. ”To mark my 90th birthday, volunteers and supporters of the six hundred charities of which I have been patron came to a lunch in The Mall, Many of these organizations are (51 ) ____ in size but inspire me with the work they do.From giving friendship and (52) ____ to our veterans, the elderly or the bereaved；to championing music and dance；providing animal welfare；or protecting our fields and forests, their selfless devotion and (53) ____ of spirit is an example to us all.When people face a challenge they sometimes talk about taking a deep breath to find courage or strength. In fact, the word “inspire” literally means “to breathe in”. But even with the inspiration of others, it’s (54) ____ that we sometimes think the world’s problems are so big that we can do little to help. On our own, we cannot end wars or (55) ____ injustice, but the collective impact of thousands of small acts of goodness can be bigger than we imagine.41. A. respectful B. accessible C. crowded D. appreciated42. A. hardly B. equally C. roughly D. disputably43. A. people B. popularity C. game D. person44. A. concerned B. engaged C. fed D. desired45. A. scarcely B. always C. almost D. nearly46. A. specialty B. reputation C. skills D. dedication47. A. Therefore B. However C. Similarly D. Ironically48. A. outstanding B. uncommon C. ordinary D. fortunate49. A. unsung B. passionate C. unbelievable D, unusual50. A. refer to B. represent C. define D. inform51. A. great B. acceptable C. important D. modest52. A. indifference B. support C. relations D. challenge53. A. generosity B. hope C. wisdom D. foundation54. A. satisfying B. well-known C. understandable D. disappointing55. A. turn down B. take over C. make for D. wipe outSection B (22%)Directions ：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Communication technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact that emails arc automatically recorded -- and can come back to haunt (困扰）you -- appears to be the key to the finding.Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 80 students to keep a communication diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent：of phone calls.His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April，have surprised psychologists. Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接触）of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.People are also more likely to lie in real time—in an instant message or phone call, say—than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are spontaneous(脱口而出的）responses to an unexpected demand, such as：“Do you like my dress?”Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.56. What does the phrase “to stretch the truth” in the last paragraph mean?A. to tell the truthB. to understate somethingC. to overestimate somethingD. to deceive people57. Why are people more honest when using email?A. Because it takes more time to think than to speak.B. Because lies in emails may do harm to their credit.C. Because of the detachment of emailing.D. Because they are practiced to be more honest in emailing.58. Which of the following is contrary to people’s common beliefs?A. Emails contain more lies than other communication media.B. Face-to-face communication contains more lies.C. Face-to-face communication contains more lies because it is not recorded.D. Deception makes people uncomfortable, which reduces mistakes in phone calls.59. What is Hancocks’ tips for communication?A. Honesty is always the best policy.B. Employees should choose suitable media for different communication purposes.C. If honesty is important, employees should choose face-to-face talk.D. Employees should be honest with their clients, their bosses and their rivals.(B)After walking miles of expo hall carpeting, watching countless live demos, and sitting through God knows how many press announcements, we're ready to declare these ten products to be the best things we saw at CES (国际消费电子展) 2017. Of all the amazing and beautiful gadgets on display here in Las Vegas, these are the products which exhibit the strong sense of innovation and vision within their categories. They achieve this through exquisite industrial design, innovative engineering, and simply seeing the future and realizing it in a product you can touch and hold. The following are three of the ten.CES is full of toys that promise to turn your kid into a coding wiz (编码奇才）.The issue? Not all of them are fun to play with. This week Lego introduced Boost, a new kit that lets kids bring their existing bricks to life with three different modules. You can program Lego to walk, roll, flash, and make noise via an app that uses drag and drop code. Kids probably won't notice they're building logic skills when they program their hot (自动程序；网上机器人）to shoot a dart at their sister when she walks by, and that's the point. It's a sneaky way to get kids to learn, which is exactly why they’ll love it.The Hub robot is adorable, but LG's animated voice assistant also provides a clear peak at the future of in-home interfaces. These devices run Alexa, but they do more than your averageEcho. A screen on the front doesn't just surface visual info like weather forecast, it provides personality：blinking eyes patiently await your commands. Ask for your favorite tunes, and the little robot busts a move as it plays them. You can customize the wake word to anything you'd like, and the big and mini versions of the robots have the exact same features. The only difference is the size of the screen and the power of their built-in speakers.Good speakers are furniture. They add to a room's decor, and they begged to be touched. The cylindrical Beoplay M5 is a wireless speaker that fits those criteria- its wool covering is soft and gorgeous, and it s topped by an aluminum disc that functions as a satisfyingly tactile volume knob. The sound is excellent, with impressive volume and gobs of bass. Audio streams in over Bluetooth. AirPlay, or Spotify, and it has Chromecast built in, so you can command the jams by talking to your Google Home. It’s not a portable speaker (it plugs into the wall and has no battery) but il is made for multi-room setups—-group a few M5s together, or pair them with other Beoplay multi-room speakers like the A6 and A9.60. Which of the following describes the common traits of these products?A. They represent the edge-cutting industrial design.B. They are all for entertainment and recreation.C. They are targeted at young people.D. They are available on the market now.61. What does the writer mean by saying “Good speakers are furniture”?A. Because they fit well in criteria.B. Because they plug into the wall without battery and make up for multi-room setups.C. Because they fit in with the decoration of the room and feel comfortable.D. Because they have excellent sound, impressive volume and gobs of bass.62. Which of the following is NOT true?A. It is painstaking to select the top ten gadgets among so many ingenious inventions.B. Beoplay M5 features wonderful looking, excellent sound quality and portability.C. The screen on the Hub robot provides visible information and personality.D. The new Lego kit Boost motivates kids to learn programming without their realization.(C)Until recently, the University of Kent prided itself on its friendly image. Not any more. Over the past few months it has been working hard, with the help of media consultants, to downplay its cozy reputation in favor of something more academic and serious.Kent is not alone in considering an image revamp (翻新). Changes to next year's funding regime (制度）are both forcing universities to justify charging students up to 9,000 in fees.Nowadays, universities putting much more of a focus on their brands and what their value propositions are. While in the past universities have often focused on students' social life and attractions of the university town in recruitment campaigns, they are now concentrating on more tangible attractions, such as employment prospects, engagement with industry, and lecturer contact hours, making clear exactly what students are going to get for their money.The problem for universities is that if those benefits fail to materialize, students notice. Thatworries Rob Behrens, chief executive of the Office of the Independent Adjudicator (OIA) , which deals with student complaints. “Universities need to be extremely careful that... they describe the reality of what's going to happen to students,”he says. “Because competition is going to get greater for attracting students，there is a danger that universities will go the extra mile.”One university told prospective engineering students they would be able to design a car and race it at Brands Hatch, which never happened, he says. “If universities spent as much money on handling complaints and appeals appropriately as they spend on marketing, they would do better at keeping students, and in the National Student Survey returns,” he says.Ongoing research by Heist tracking prospective 2012 students suggests that they are not only becoming more sophisticated in thinking about what they want from a university, but are also spending more time researching evidence to back up institutional claims.Hence the growing importance of the student survey and league tables. From next September, all institutions will also be expected to publish on their websites key information sets, allowing easier comparison between institutions—and between promises and reality—of student satisfaction levels, course information, and the types of jobs and salaries graduates go on to.As a result, it is hardly surprising that universities are beginning lo change the way they market themselves. While the best form of marketing for institutions is to be good at what they do, they also need to be clear about how they are different from others.And it is vital that once an institution claims to be particularly good at something, it must live up to it. The moment you position yourself, you become exposed because you have played your joker, and if you fail in that you are in trouble.63. What are universities putting their focus on to attract students?A. A friendly reputation.B. Student funding.C. Students' social life.D. Practical benefits.64. According to Behrens, which of the following may NOT be the conseque nces if students’complaints are not dealt well with?A. Universities may not be able to attract prospective students.B. Students will become more sophisticated.C. It will do harm to the reputation of the universities.D. Universities may not be able to keep students.65. Rob Behrens suggests universities do in marketing themselves EXCEPT _____.A. make high promises to attract studentsB. establish their own strengthsC. show graduates，career perspectiveD. show their feature courses66. What does the word “joker” refer to?A. A person who are good at communication.B. A thing that cannot be predicted.C. The best thing that people cannot afford to lose.D. A card that can be matched to any card.Section C (8%)Directions：Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentenceSingapore is a small, flat, marshy island that has been developed to become the most important port and business center in Southeast Asia and one of the ten wealthiest countries in the world in terms of gross national product per capita.Singapore has a population of 3. 5 million people and a high density of more than 500 people per square kilometer. The superior infrastructure—especially the excellent port and international airport—has made Singapore the import and transshipment center for the region. (67) ____ These functions are complemented by a large variety of maritime service activities, including banking, insurance, communications, and consulting.Singapore has diversified its service sector to include a wider range of financial, communications, and management activities and has attracted the regional headquarters of many multinational corporations. (68) ____ This diversification, as well as high consumption levels in the domestic market, allowed Singapore to cope with the 1983 oil crisis and 1997 Asian financial crisis somewhat more easily than did other countries in the region.Singapore has a population of diverse ethnicity and religion, but it is dominated (77 percent) by overseas Chinese, descendants of immigrants who moved to Singapore in the colonial period and followed the religions of Buddhism and Taoism. Other groups include Malays (about 15 percent) and Indians (about 7 percent, mainly Hindu). (69) ____ The promotion is especially among the highly educated in order to reduce labor shortages and ensure a workforce to support the older population. Colonial Singapore was residentially segregated, with the British living next to the government buildings on the east shore of the Singapore River, Chinatown on the west riverbank, and Indian and Malay neighborhoods farther toward the east.The government has made serious attempts to foster harmony between ethnic groups and to create a sense of national identity by designating four official languages (Mandarin Chinese, English, Malay, and Indian Tamil). (70) ____ They also enforce Singapore’s image of a clean and crime-free environment through very strict rules against litter and graffiti, media censorship, and licensing of satellite dishes and street entertainers.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Direction：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main file of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60，found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27. Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand，indicators of a person’s acc umulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to the findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging. The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people’s minds function al a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.“These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one's abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases,” Salthouse said in a news release.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years. The tests are designed to detect subtle (细微的）changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols. In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s. The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (痴呆），according to the researchers.V. Translation (15%)Directions ：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们所不能错失的是在学校里查缺补漏的宝贵时间和机会。
上海市2019年高三英语模拟试题(含答案)
上海市2019届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a charity shop. B. In a laundry. C. In a dormitory. D. In a clothing store.2. A. $114. B. $86. C. $14. D. $43.3. A. A librarian. B. A secretary. C. A reporter. D. An accountant.4. A. Purchase some ingredients. B. Give the man instructions for the soup.C. Check to see if the soup is ready.D. Write down the directions to the supermarket.5. A. Chocolate is his favourite flavour. B. There’s no more chocolate pudding left.C. He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding.D. He’s already tasted the chocolate pudding.6. A. S he hasn’t called the travel agency yet. B. She doesn’t know when her semester ends.C. The man may have to reschedule his trip.D. The man should take his vacation somewhere else.7. A. Get a ticket from his sister. B. Help his sister out of her conflict.C. Go to the concert with his sister.D. Get a schedule of future performances.8. A. Meet his advisor. B. Track his adviser.C. Adjust his course schedule.D. Follow his course schedule as advised.9. A. He has already paid his landlord for next year’s rent.B. He’s decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.C. He doesn’t know how much his rent is going to increase.D. He’s already planning to enter for next year’s essay contest.10. A. The man can use her electronic dictionary.B. The man should buy a new paper dictionary.C. She can show the man how to use the dictionary.D. She will work more efficiently with his dictionary.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but thequestions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Napping may help prevent seniors’ memory loss.B. Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically.C. Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap.D. Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world.12. A. They are afraid of becoming lazy. B. They don’t think napping is common.C. They are too energetic to need a nap.D. They don’t want to be considered weak.13. A. Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders.B. Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities.C. Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of money.D. Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours.B. A growth in complaints about neighbours.C. The increasing noises made by neighbours.D. Different views on relations between neighbours.15. A. Selfish attitudes. B. High immigration.C. More crowded space.D. Unwillingness to socialize.16. A. We ought to understand the instances better.B. Explanations for the instances have increased.C. It’s easier to make complaints on TV channels.D. The problem can be viewed from another angle.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The place to buy soap. B. The plans to survive on the campus.C. The way to use drying machines.D. The steps to wash clothes with machines.18. A. It can promote bacteria growth. B. It can produce dirt in the clothes.C. It can be a waste of water and soap.D. It can leave bubbles in the machine.19. A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed.20. A. The woman’s mother seldom does things for her.B. American kids become independent even before ten.C. The man and the woman are from different countries.D. In the eye of the man’s mother, independence is important.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Many of the workers are immigrants.Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21)_____ (fast).(22)_____ it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason (23)_____ the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures (24)_____ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible.E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25)_____ also seize the bikes.Many of New York’s delivery workers ar e Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours (26)_____ (earn) enough money to live on.Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)_____ their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food, which makes the workers’ supervisors angry.Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union. He says (28)_____ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers.Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, (29)_____ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who largely come from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30)_____ e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.People Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there’s no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.A new study has found that restaurant 31 who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their 32 of how food tastes.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet (自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the 33 at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-can-eat meal. Customers were asked to 34 how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.The experiment 35 that the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they 36 . However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study 37 at the Experimental Biology meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of 38 behaviour at the university, said: “We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you 39 the experience.” He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.In a(n) 40 study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories (卡路里) than people who eat in brightly lit areas.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer. This flight-disturbing 41 is a warning sign. Climate change is projected to have far-reaching 42 —including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long-term declines in agricultural production. And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft, with potential effects on airline 43 .National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have been designed for the climate in which it all developed. In the aviation (航空) industry, airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced 44 . Because the climate is changing, even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be45 .As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect 46 around the world. We’ve found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more frequent takeoff weight 47 in the coming decades due toincreasingly common hot temperatures, which can help reduce the aircraft’s weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed.There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago. And if we 48 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades, the frequency and intensity of these extremes is projected to increase dramatically.The 49 on aviation may be widespread. Many airports are built near sea level, putting them at risk of more frequent 50 as oceans rise. The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high-altitude (高海拔的) winds. Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings, potentially increasing fuel 51 .Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously 52the effects of climate change. The sooner, the better: Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades, and have 53 effects. Today’s newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their 54 are being designed now. The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated, the more effective and less costly adaptations can be. Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate-altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce the problem while also 55 it.41. A. scheme B. heat C. shift D. mess42. A. contributions B. confusions C. feedbacks D. consequences43. A. pilots B. reservations C. costs D. accidents44. A. historically B. enormously C. fundamentally D. domestically45. A. retested B. implemented C. prospected D. reengineered46. A. travels B. developments C. flights D. communications47. A. disorders B. gains C. bans D. restrictions48. A. happen B. fail C. aim D. promise49. A. taxes B. effects C. viewpoints D. comments50. A. flooding B. rotting C. repairing D. transferring51. A. standard B. efficiency C. distribution D. consumption52. A. consider B. avoid C. maximize D. demonstrate53. A. greater B. different C. lasting D. direct54. A. airports B. products C. contracts D. replacements55. A. sneezing at B. responding to C. resulting in D. recovering fromSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future. Yes, we have an annual vaccine (疫苗), and everyone qualified should get it without question. The reality, however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine.In the U.S. alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved ones and our communities.Wh y not? We haven’t been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us.The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S. health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak.The cost of preventing epidemics (流行病) is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded.The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. As soon as headlines about the flu are gone, hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates decline, we go back to business as usual.Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to succeed. Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones.56. The problem of the current flu vaccines is that _____.A. they are not available every yearB. most Americans are not allowed to get themC. not everyone is qualified for themD. many people still catch flu after getting them57. What does the author mean by “continued foot dragging” in Para graph 4?A. Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks.B. The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu.C. Individuals aren’t alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention.D. Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future.58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu.B. The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases.C. The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention.D. Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu.59. The author wrote the passage mainly to _____.A. teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB. call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC. encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccinesD. urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu（B ）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form. If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card, see “How to fill in yourTax Free Forms”.Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure.Remember no refund without:♦ CompletedForm ♦ Receipts attached ♦ Customs validation (验证)At the point of departureFor non-EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked-in luggage:1. Check your luggage in at the check-in counter; tell the check-in clerk you need it back for Customspurposes.2. Take the labelled luggage to Customs, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.3. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service provider.Goods carried in hand luggage:1. Go to Customs after passport control, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.Please note: Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airportbefore you finally leave the EU.2. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund serviceprovider.Allow time for the refund process. Go to Customs before or after check-in, see Refund Office list. Presentyour completed Tax Free Forms, receipts, passport, and purchased items to get a stamp.Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo (标识). Receive your refund paid to your creditcard within five days or in cash.In a rush? Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelopeprovided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks.* EU: European Union60. Whom is the above information intended for?A. EU residents who want to get their tax refunded.B. Non-EU residents who are going to travel in EU.C. EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms.D. Non-EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases.61. To get your tax refund, you need to _____ after having your luggage checked in if you’ve put yourpurchased goods in your check-in luggage.A. show your purchased goods to the check-in clerkB. cash in your stamped Form at the check-in counterC. take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD. go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage62. What can be learned from the passage?A. It’s a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund.B. It’s unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp.C. You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry.D. You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter.（C）A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or AI, made a historicappearance on the auction (拍卖) block at Christie’s in New York Citythis week. It is the first artwork created by an algorithm(算法) to beoffered for auction in the world of fine art.The odd-looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left theauction block at Christie’s for $432,500 on Oct. 25 in New York City.The portrait—designed in the “Old Master” style of European fineartists from centuries ago—appears to represent a man with a vague face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century.Of course, a computer didn’t automatically pick up a brush and become an artist. The AI tha t created the image had human programmers—a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christie’s reported. Their cooperation, titled “Portrait of Edmond De Belamy,” is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch $7,000 to $10,000, according to Christie’s.To create the portrait, the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15,000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries, to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art, Obvious artist Hugo Caselles-Dupré told Christie’s. The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other, called the Generator (that makes the art) and a Discriminator (that tries to spot the difference between human-created and AI-created images), Caselles-Dupré explained; they called this AI “generative adversarial network” (GAN), Caselles-Dupré explained.GAN’s final image was then printed and framed, according to Obvious. At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula (公式) representing the algorithm that created it, a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator, Obvious artists wrote on the collective’s website.The goal of the painting and of Obvious, also co-founded by Hugo Caselles-Dupréand Gauthier Vernier, was to prove “artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing—it can be creative,” Consumer News and Business Channel reported.Portraiture is a tough task for AI to take on, according to Christie’s, “s ince humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be.” This difficulty was part of Obvious’ thinking when they created the portrait.“Edmond de Belamy” is one of eleven AI paintings made by Obvious.63. It can be learned from the passage that the portrait “Edmond de Belamy” _____.A. was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB. was the first artwork sold at an auctionC. is a painting created by means of brushD. is a man who once appeared at the auction64. To create a portrait, AI needs to _____.A. learn from plenty of imagesB. use an algorithm with many partsC. work against human paintersD. recognize its human programmers65. What can be concluded from the passage?A. The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless.B. The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity.C. It is more difficult for AI to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait.D. AI is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human.66. The passage mainly tells us that _____.A. AI will soon replace man in some fieldsB. an AI-created portrait sells high at an auctionC. a proper algorithm is the key for AI to create artD. AI-created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms, for which t here’s a good reason. That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals, some of which can be highly poisonous.67 Many of these contain volatile (挥发性的) organic compounds (VOCs), some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities. Others are just bad for you.“It’s a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances,” said Jeff Gearhart, Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan. The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years, and has noted some improvement. But Gearhart says there is still work to be done.“There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles,” he said. “Since these chemicals are not regulated, consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face.”68 Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches, dizziness, etc., depending on the sensitivity of an individual.According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system—or even cancer.69The danger is the greatest when the car is new, and that new car smell is most noticeable. 70It is the release of chemical vapours, which leads to the smell. Heat from a vehicle left in the sun can make matters worse, and speed up the chemical reaction. The danger is reduced over time, and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months.Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated(通风的), especially during the first six months of ownership. Park in the shade with the windows open when it’s safe to do so, or at least try to air it out before getting inside—especially on hot days.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Take Care of Your Spine (脊柱)The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Therefore, it’s important to take care of it.Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn’t comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day.Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Staying still for too long—even if yourposture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions. Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine.Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement (补充物). Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应。
2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷及评析
2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷及评析II.GrammarandVocabulary1．（15分）ToBeJoyful，ToBeYoung Whatreallyworkstomakesustainablechangesindietandlifest yle？It'sprobablynotwhatyouthink．Inthepast30yearsofconducti ngclinicalresearch，I（1）（learn）thatrealkeysarepleasure，joyandfreedom．Joyoflivingissustainable；fearofdyingisnot．Why？Becauselifeistobeenjoyed．There'snopoint（2）（abandon）somethingyouenjoyunlessyougetsomethingbackthat'sevenbe tter，andquickly．Whenpeopleeatmorehealthfully，（3）（quit）smoking，andmanagestressbetter，theyfindtheyfeelsomuchbetter，soquickly．Itreconstructsthereasonformakingthesechanges fromfearofdyingtojoyofliving．Whenyouexerciseandeatrigh t，yourbrainreceivesmorebloodflowandoxygen，soyoubecomesmarter，havemoreenergy，andneedlesssleep．Twostudiesshowedjustwalkingforthreeho ursperweekforonlythreemonthsc ausedsomanyneurons（神经细胞）（4）（grow）thatitactuallyincreasedthesizeofpeople'sbrains! Yourfacereceivesmorebloodflow，soyourskinglowsmoreandwrinklesless．Youlookyoungerandmo reattractive．Incontrast，anunhealthydiet，lastingemotionalstressandsmokingreducebloodflowtoyourf ace（5）youagemorequickly．Smokingspeedsupagingbecausenicotinec ontributestoyourbloodvesselbe comingnarrower，（6）decreasesbloodflowtoyourfaceandmakesitwrinklepremature ly．Thisiswhysmokerslookyearso lderthantheyreallyare．Oneofthemostinterestingfindingswasthatthemothers'aware nessofstresswasmoreimportantthan（7）wasobjectivelyoccurringintheirlives．（8）（give）aquestionnaire，thewomenwereaskedtorateonathree﹣pointscalehowstressedtheyfelteachday．Thewomenwhorealiz edtheywereunderheavystresshad significantlyshortenedanddamagedtelomeres（染色体端粒）comparedwith（9）whofeltmorerelaxed．Contrarily，someofthewomenwhofeltrelaxed（10）raisingadisabledchildhadmorenormal﹣appearingtelomeres．Inotherwords，ifyoufeelstressed，youarestressed．2．（15分）WelcometoWindsorCastle WindsorCastleistheoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleinthew orldandtheOfficialResidenceoftheQu eenofBritain．Overaperiodofnearly1，000yearsithasbeen（1）continuously，andalteredandredecoratedbymonarchs（君主）oneaftertheother．Someweregreatbuilders，strengtheningtheCastleagainst（2）andrebellion；others，livinginmorepeacefultimes，createdagrandRoyalresidence．WilliamtheConquerorchoseth esite，highabovetheriverThamesandontheedgeofaSaxonhuntinggrou nd．Itwasaday'smarchfromtheT owerofLondonandintendedtoguardthewestern（3）tothecapital．Theouterwallsoftoday'sstructureareinthesa mepositionasthoseofthe（4）castlebuiltbyWilliamtheConquerorinthe1070s．TheQueenuse stheCastlebothasaprivatehome，wheresheusuallyspendstheweekend，andasaRoyalresidenceatwhichsheundertakescertainformald uties．WindsorCastleis（5）usedbytheQueentohostStateVisitsfromoverseasmonarchsand presidents．EveryyeartheQueent akesupofficialresidenceinWindsorCastleforamonthoverEas ter（March﹣April）．TheCastleishuge，sopeopletendtoheadforthemost（6）bits ﹣﹣﹣theStateApartments，St．George'sChapel，theGalleryandthedelightfulQueenMary'sDollsHouse．Workso fart，antiquefurniture，curiositiesandimpressivearchitecturereflectthetastesof manydifferentroyalgenerations．TheSta teApartmentsare（7）decoratedformalroomsstillusedforstateandofficialfuncti ons．ThemagnificentandbeautifulSt．George'sChapelwasstartedi n1475byEdwardIVandwascompleted50yearslaterbyHenryVIII．It（8）amongthefinestexamplesoflatemedievalarchitectureintheU K．TheDrawingsGallery（9）theexhibition"TheQueen：60Photographsfor60Years"．TheexhibitionpresentsportraitsoftheQueen（10）inbriefmomentsonbothofficialoccasionsandatrelaxedfamil ygatherings．III.ReadingComprehension3．（30分）"NatureandNurture" Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesand behaviourareformed．However，itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanothe risnot，orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheris（1）．Socialscientistsareofcourse（2）interestedinthesetypesofquestions．Theywanttoexplainwhy wepossesscertaincharacteristicsan dexhibitcertainbehaviour．Therearenoclearanswersyet，buttwo（3）schoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped．Asonemightexp ect，thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother，andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetween（4）ofeachtheory．Thecontroversy（争论）isoftenconvenientlyreferredtoas"natureandnurture"．Thos ewho（5）the"nature"sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviourpatternsare（6）determinedbybiologicalfactors．Thatourenvironmenthaslit tle，ifanything，todowithourabilities，characteristicsandbehaviouris（7）tothistheory．Takentoanextreme，thistheorystatesthatourbehaviourispredeterminedtosucha greatdegreethatwearealmostcomplete lygovernedbyour（8）．Supportersofthe"nurture"theory，or，astheyareoftencalled，（9），claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologica llybasedinstinctsindetermininghow wewillact．Abehaviorist，B．F．Skinner，seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviourisalmostcompletely（10）bytheirsurroundings．Thebehaviorists'viewofthehumanbein gisquitemechanistic．Theystatethat，likemachines，humansrespondto（11）stimuli（刺激）asthebasisoftheirbehaviour．Sociallyandpolitically，theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesare（12）．IntheUS，forexample，blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencet ests．Thisleadssome"nature"support erstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallylowerinstatusthanwhitesare．Behaviorists，（13），saythatthedifferencesinscoresareduetothefactthatblacks areoftenrobbedofmanyoftheeducationa landotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy，andthat，asaresult，theydonotdevelopthesame（14）thatwhitesdo．Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehaviour ．Asamatteroffact，itisquite（15）thatthekeytoourbehaviourliessomewherebetweenthesetwoex tremesandthatthecontroversywillc ontinueforalongtimeiscertain．（1）A．sensitive B．productive C．competitive D．aggressive （2）A．moderately B．extremely C．reluctantly D．scarcely （3）A．distinct B．reliable C．relevant D．equal（4）A．objectors B．operators C．opponents D．advocates （5）A．claim B．support C．resolve D．inherit（6）A．completely B．largely C．thoroughly D．merely （7）A．sensitive B．open C．central D．subject（8）A．abilities B．capacities C．personalities D．instincts （9）A．experts B．scientists C．environmentalists D．behaviorists（10）A．shaped B．dominated C．oppressed D．restricted（11）A．environmental B．biological C．genetic D．psychological（12）A．temporary B．slight C．fatal D．far ﹣reaching（13）A．onthecontrary B．asawhole C．afterall D．forinstance（14）A．habits B．responses C．characteristics D．advantages（15）A．necessary B．impossible C．unreasonable D．likely4．（8分）I'mastudentinmyfourthyearofabiomedicalsciencedegreeatR obertGordonUniversityinAberdeen，butIalsowork38hoursaweekatSainsbury'stomakeendsmeet．Id othreenightshiftsaweek，plusovertimeifIcangetit．Mondayisthemostoccupieddayform e﹣﹣Iworkfrom10pmuntil8amonSaturdayandSundaynights，earningjustover￡100anight，andthenIhavetobeatmyfirstlectureat9amonMonday．Bythetim eIfinishlectures，at2pm，I'mexhausted，butIknowIhavetobebackatworkby10pm．Iconstantlyhavetofor cemyselftostayawake，andtobealert，whateverittakes．ApacketofSkittlesandaRedBullusuallyhel ps．TheworkIdoatSainsbury'sisve ryphysicallikestackingshelves．I'mluckybecauseI'manactivepersonandtheamountIliftatworkis nothingcomparedwiththeweightsIliftinthegym．IknowIhavet hestrengthtobearit．I'moriginallyfromNigeria．IcameherewhenIwasseven，growingupinCroydon，southLondon．Moneywastight．MyparentsgavemeeverythingIne eded，buttherewasnomoneytospendonluxuries．Iworkedhardatschoo lthoughand，withthehelpofGTScholars，IgotsomeofthebestA ﹣levelgradesinmyclass．Unfortunately，thoughIhadappliedfor"settled"Britishresidentialstatusw henveryyoung，theHomeOfficewaiteduntilIwasinsixthformtoapprovemyappl ication．ThatmeantIwasn'teligibl eforastudentloan．TheonlywayIcouldaffordtogotouniversit ywasthatifIgotajobthatwouldpayfo rallmylivingcostsandmyparents，whoworkinmarketresearch，paidformytuitionfees．InScotland，that'sabout￡7，000ayear．Idon'thavemuchtimetosocializebecauseofmyjob．Ideally，IwouldalsoliketohavemoretimetostudysoIcanexcelatmycourse．Yes，Ihavealotonmyplate，butworkinghardisn'tnewtome．Growingup，myparentsandmymentorsinthechurchandatGTScholarscultiva tedinmetheimportanceofworking hardforwhatIwantinlife．MydreamistodoanMAinphysiotherap ynextyearandthengetajobworkingfortheNHS．Butrightn ow，I'mjustfocusedontryingtogetthebestgradesIcan．WheneverI findlifehard，Itellmyselfthisisaboutmyfuture．Idon'tneedmuch，butIwouldliketoworrylessaboutmoneyandhavemorefreetime．ThatiswhatIlookforwardtothem ost．（1）Whydoestheauthorworklonghoursandsometimesovertimeevery week？A．Tohelphisparentspayoffthedebts．B．Topayforhistuitionfees．C．Toprovehisabilitytoearnmoney．D．Topayforhisownlivingexpenses．（2）Theunderlinedword"eligible"inthepassagecanbereplacedby ．A．responsibleB．qualifiedC．feasibleD．anxious（3）Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingwordscanNOTbeusedtodescribetheautho r？A．Sociable．B．Diligent．C．Ambitious．D．Persistent．（4）Whichofthefollowingproverbscanbestsummarizethepassage ？A．Apennysavedisapennyearned．B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords．C．Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves．D．Wherethereislife，thereishope．5．（6分）ShouldYouBecomeaFullStackWebDeveloper？Shouldyoubecomeafullstackwebdeveloper？Whatcoursesshouldyoutaketoprepareyouforthejob？Ourcoursesbringyouastep﹣by﹣steppaththatwillhelpyoubecomeaqualifiedcandidateandteachyoueverythingyouneedtoknowtos ucceed．Readontodiscoverifit'stherightpathforyou：●WhatisaFullStackWebDeveloper？Afullstackwebdeveloperiswellskilledinbothfrontandback ﹣endwebdeveloping．Withknowledgeofwhatitmeanstobuildappl icationsfromstarttofinish，afullstackdevelopercanplan，manage，andbuildsoftwarewithgeneralknow﹣how．Acoredifferencebetweenfrontandback﹣enddevelopersisthatfront﹣enddevelopershandlebuildingtheuserinterfaceaspectofawe bsite，whileback﹣enddevelopersdealwithinternaltaskssuchaswebservers，applications，anddatabases．Combined，theyareresponsibleforbuildingthetechnologyandcodingtha tmakesawebsitefunctionproperly．Bothskillsetsarecrucialforbeingawell﹣roundedwebdeveloperandwillgiveyoualegupwhenapplyingfor jobs．Ifyouliketolearnnewconc eptsandtechnologiesfrequentlythisisanexcellentcareerpa thforyou．●DemandforFullStackWebDevelopersisGrowing Becauseofthebroadrangeofskillsrequiredtobeafullstackwe bdeveloper，therearefewercandidatesapplyingforpositions，leavingmoreopportunityforqualifiedcandidates．Thejobout lookforwebdevelopersisestimatedt ogrow13%by2026，whichisfasterthantheaveragerateforalloccupations．Witha nimpressiveresume，fullstackwebdeveloperscanmake﹩87，661onaverage．●GetStartedTodayWiththehelpofthecourse，youwilllearneverythingyouneedtoknowtosucceedasafullsta ckwebdeveloper．Youcanstartfrom anylevelwithlittletonopreviousexperiencerequiredandtra ckyourprogressasyougo．●Here'sWhatYou'llLearnintheCourses Buildwebapplicationsanddeveloponboththefront﹣endandback﹣endstacks LearnRubyonRails，HTML，CSS，andJavaScript DevelopwebapplicationsinJavascriptusingfront﹣endframework，Angular，andhybridmobileapplicationswithApacheCordovaDesignRESTfulRubyonRailswebapplicationswithMongoDBdata baseintegration．（1）Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanwemostprobablyfindthispass age？A．Arts．B．Science﹣technology．C．Courses．D．Business．（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．Frontandback﹣enddevelopersbothareresponsibleforsuchtasksasapplicati onsanddatabases．B．Fewercandidatesapplyforthepositionof beingwebdevelopersduetohighdemandforskills．C．Thejobpro spectforwebdevelopersisn'tpromisinginthelongrun．D．Youcan'tstarttolearnthecourseofbeingafullstackwebdev eloperunlessyouhavesomeexperiencebeforehand．（3）Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage？A．Toadvertiseforfullstackwebdevelopers．B．Toinformpeopleofwhatisrequiredtobeafullstackwebdevel oper．C．Topersuadepeopletotakethecourseswhichhelptobecomeafu llstackwebdeveloper．D．Tohelppeopletoexplorethefullstackwebdevelopercareerg uide．6．（8分）ThehauntingpaintingsofHeleneSchjerfbeck，onshowinthefinallegofatravellingtourthathasalreadyattr actedthousandsofvisitorsinHamburgandt heHague，maycomeasasurprisetomany．FewoutsidetheNordic（北欧的）worldwouldrecognizetheworksofthisFinnishartistwhodiedin1946．Morepeopleshould．The12 0workshaveattheircore20self﹣portraits，halfthenumbershepaintedinall．Thefirst，dated1880，isofawide﹣eyedteenagereagertoabsorbeverything．Thelastisasighting oftheartist'sghost﹣to﹣be．Prematurelygifted，Schjerfbeckwas11whensheenteredtheFinnishArtSociety'sdr awingschool．"TheWoundedWarr iorintheSnow"，ahistorypainting，wasboughtbyaprivatecollectorandwonherastatetravelgrant whenshewas17．Schjerfbeckstudie dinParis，wentontoPont ﹣Aven，Brittany，whereshepaintedforayear，thentoTuscany，CornwallandStPetersburg．Duringher1887visittoStIves，Cornwall，Schjerfbeckpainted"TheConvalescent"．Achildwrappedinabl anketsitssupportedupinalargewi cker（柳条编制的）chair，toyingwithasprig（小枝条）．Thepicturewonabronzemedalatthe1889ParisWorldFairan dwasboughtbytheFinnishArtSo ciety．Toamoderneyeitseemsalmostsentimental（感伤的）andismadeupforonlybythesomewhatastonished，sadexpressiononthechild'sface，whichmayhavebeeninspiredbySchjerfbeck'searlyexperience s．Atfour，shefelldownaflightofstepsandneverfullyrecovered．In1890，SchjerfbecksettledinFinland．Teachingexhaustedher，shedidnotliketheworksofotherlocalpainters，andshewasfurtherisolatedwhenshetookonthecareofhermothe r．"IfIallowmyselfthefreedomtoli veanisolatedlife"，shewrote，"thenitisbecauseithastobethatway．"In1902，Schjerfbeckandhermothersettledinthesmall，industrialtownofHyvinkaa，50kilometresnorthofHelsinki．IsolationhadonedesiredeffectforitwastherethatSchjerfbeckbeca meamodernpainter．Sheproducedstilllivesandlandscapesbut aboveallmoodyyetsharpportraitso fhermother，localschoolgirls，womenworkersintown．"Ihavealwayssearchedforthedensedept hsofthesoul，whichhavenotyetbeendiscoveredbyhumansthemselves"，shewrote，"whereeverythingisstillunconscious﹣﹣thereonecanmakethegreatestdiscoveries．"Sheexperimented withdifferentkindsofunderpainting，scrapedandrubbed，madebrightrosyredspots；doingwhateverhadtobedonetocapturethesubconscious﹣﹣herownandthatofhermodels．In1913，Schjerfbeckwasrediscoveredbyanartdealerandjournalist，GostaStenman．Onceagainshewasasuccess．（1）Schjerfbeck'spaintingsmaycomeasasurprisetomanybecause．A．herpaintingsarerarelyknownoutsidetheNordicworld B．herpaintingshaveneverbeenonshowoutoftheNordicworld C．herpaintingshavethepowertohauntpeoplewhoeverhaveseen them D．herpaintingsfocusonsupernaturalelementssuchasghosts（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．"TheConvalescent"isinfactaportraitofSchjerbeckinherc hildhood．B．"TheConvalescent"isareflectionofSchejerbeck 'ssentimentalchildhood．C．"TheConvalescent"ismadeasares ultofanaccidentinSchejerbeck'schildhood．D．"TheConvales cent"isfeaturedbythechild'sastonished，sorrowfulexpression．（3）Schejerbeckchosetoliveanisolatedlifemainlybecauseof．A．shewasexhaustedbyherteachingjob B．herpersonalityprefersthiskindofstyle C．shecouldnotappreciatetheworkoftheotherlocalpainters D．hermother'shealthconditionrequiredhertoadoptsuchalif estyle．（4）Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthemostoutstandingcharacte risticsofSchjerfbeck'spaintingsis．A．hervividcharacterizationofcommonpeople B．hercaptureofthecharacters'soul C．thesorrowfulexpressionofthecharacters D．herunconscioussenseofsomemysteriouselements7．（8分）Thequalityofpatiencegoesalongwaytowardyourgoalofcreati ngamorepeacefulandlovingself．T hemorepatientyouare，themoreacceptingyouwillbeofwhatlifeis，ratherthaninsistingthatlifebeexactlyasyouwouldlikeitto be．Withoutpatience，lifeisextremelyfrustrating．（1）Patienceaddssomeeaseandacceptancetoyourlife．It'simport antforinnerpeace．（2）Ifyouarestuckinatrafficjam，lateforanappointment，beingpatientwouldmeankeepingyourselffrombuildingamenta lsnowballbeforeyourthinkinggets outofhandandgentlyremindingyourselftorelax．Itmightalso beagoodtimetobreatheaswellasano pportunitytoremindyourselfthat，inthebiggerschemeofthings，beinglateis"smallstuff"．Patienceisaqualityofheartthatcanbegreatlyenhancedwithd eliberatepractice．（3）TheyaretheperiodsoftimethatIsetupinmymindtopracticethe artofpatience．Lifeitselfbecomesac lassroom，andthecurriculumispatience．Youcanstartwithaslittleasfi veminutesandbuildupyourcapacityfor patienceovertime．Whatyou'lldiscoveristrulyamazing．Your intentiontobepatient，especiallyifyouknowit'sonlyforashortwhile，immediatelystrengthensyourcapacityforpatience．Patience isoneofthosequalitieswheresuccess feedsonitself．Onceyoureachlittlemilestone﹣fiveminutesofsuccessfulpatience﹣you'llbegintoseethatyoudoindeedhavethecapacitytobepati ent，evenforlongerperiodsoftime．Overtime，youmayevenbecomeapatientperson．Beingpatientwillhelpyoutokeepyourperspective．Youwillse eevenadifficultsituation，sayyourpresentchallenge，isn't"lifeordeath"butsimplyaminorobstaclethatmustbedea ltwith．（4）．IV.SummaryWriting8．（15分）Directions：Readthefollowingpassage．Summarizethemainideaandthemain point（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words．Useyourownwordsasfaras possible．Aremarkablevarietyofinsectsliveinthisplanet．Morespecie sofinsectsexistthanallotheranimalsp eciestogether．Insectshavesurvivedonearthformorethan300 millionyears，andmaypossesstheabilitytosurviveformillionsmore．Insect scanbefoundalmosteverywhere﹣﹣onthehighestmountainsandonthebottomofrushingstreams，inthecoldSouthPoleandinbubblinghotsprings．Theydigthrou ghtheground，jumpandsinginthetrees，andrunanddanceintheair．Theycomeinmanydifferentcoloursa ndvariousshapes．Therearemanyreasonswhyinsectsaresosuccessfulatsurvivin g．Theiramazingabilitytoadaptper mitsthemtoliveinextremerangesoftemperaturesandenvironm ents．Theoneplacewheretheyhave notyetbeenfoundtoanymajorextentisintheopenoceans．Insec tscansurviveonawiderangeofnatur alandartificialfoods﹣﹣paint，pepper，glue，books，grain，cotton，otherinsects，plantsandanimals．Becausetheyaresmalltheycanhideintinys paces．Also，insectshaveanenormousreproductivecapacity：AnAfricanantqueencanlayasmanyas43，000eggsaday．Anotherreasonfortheirsuccessisthestrategyofprotectivec olour．Aninsectmayberightbeforeour eyes，butnearlyinvisiblebecauseitiscleverlydisguised（伪装）likeagreenleaf，lumpofbrownsoil，graylichen（青苔），aseedorsomeothernaturalobject．Someinsectsusebright，boldcolourstosendwarningsignalsthattheytastebad，stingorarepoison．Othershavewingpatternsthatlooklikethe eyesofahugepredator，bitter﹣tastinginsects；hungryenemiesarefooledintoavoidingthem．V.TranslationDirections：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.9．（5分）一股诱人的味道唤起了我们遥远的记忆．（remind）10．（5分）每个人应当牢记：己所不欲，勿施于人．（mind）11．（5分）他如此醉心于古文化研究，这几年一直以健康为代价坚持工作着．（So）12．（5分）不久之后，地铁5号线奉贤段即将通车，这让翘首以盼的奉贤人民激动不已．（before）VI.GuidedWriting13．（25分）Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120﹣150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese．在你看过的电影、电视或书中，肯定有许多场景历历在目，请你描述令你印象深刻的一个场景，并谈谈为什么．你的文章必须包括：●描述你印象深刻的一个场景；●说明你对此印象深刻的理由．2019年上海市奉贤区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析II.GrammarandVocabulary1．（15分）ToBeJoyful，ToBeYoung Whatreallyworkstomakesustainablechangesindietandlifest yle？It'sprobablynotwhatyouthink．Inthepast30yearsofconducti ngclinicalresearch，I（1）havelearned（learn）thatrealkeysarepleasure，joyandfreedom．Joyoflivingissustainable；fearofdyingisnot．Why？Becauselifeistobeenjoyed．There'snopoint（2）abandoning（abandon）somethingyouenjoyunlessyougetsomethingbackthat'sevenbe tter，andquickly．Whenpeopleeatmorehealthfully，（3）quit（quit）smoking，andmanagestressbetter，theyfindtheyfeelsomuchbetter，soquickly．Itreconstructsthereasonformakingthesechanges fromfearofdyingtojoyofliving．Whenyouexerciseandeatright，yourbrainreceivesmorebloodflowandoxygen，soyoubecomesmarter，havemoreenergy，andneedlesssleep．Twostudiesshowedjustwalkingforthreeho ursperweekforonlythreemonthsc ausedsomanyneurons（神经细胞）（4）togrow（grow）thatitactuallyincreasedthesizeofpeople'sbrains! Yourfacereceivesmorebloodflow，soyourskinglowsmoreandwrinklesless．Youlookyoungerandmo reattractive．Incontrast，anunhealthydiet，lastingemotionalstressandsmokingreducebloodflowtoyourf ace（5）so youagemorequickly．Smokingspeedsupagingbecausenicotinec ontributestoyourbloodvesselbe comingnarrower，（6）which decreasesbloodflowtoyourfaceandmakesitwrinklepremature ly．Thisiswhysmokerslookyearso lderthantheyreallyare．Oneofthemostinterestingfindingswasthatthemothers'aware nessofstresswasmoreimportantthan（7）whatwasobjectivelyoccurringintheirlives．（8）Given/Havingbeengiven（give）aquestionnaire，thewomenwereaskedtorateonathree﹣pointscalehowstressedtheyfelteachday．Thewomenwhorealiz edtheywereunderheavystresshad significantlyshortenedanddamagedtelomeres（染色体端粒）comparedwith（9）those whofeltmorerelaxed．Contrarily，someofthewomenwhofeltrelaxed（10）without raisingadisabledchildhadmorenormal﹣appearingtelomeres．Inotherwords，ifyoufeelstressed，youarestressed．【考点】N6：语法填空．【分析】文章讲述了好心情对于健康的影响，越快乐心情越轻松的人更容易保持年轻．【解答】1．havelearned．考查时态，根据前面的inthepast30years，可知是段时间，应该使用现在完成时态，故填havelearned．2．abandoning．考查非谓语，therebe句型中，is是动词，所以后面使用现在分词，放弃你喜欢的东西没有意义，故填abandoning．3．quit．考查动词，when引导的时间状语从句，quit是主句谓语动词，与manage并列，故填quit．4．togrow．考查不定式，causesbtodosth：使某人做某事，故填togrow．5．so．考查连词，所以你就老的更快，表示递进，故填so．6．which．考查连词，which指代yourbloodvesselbecomingnarrower，在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which．7．what．考查连词，what引导的宾语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填what．8．Given/Havingbeengiven．考查非谓语，thewomen与give之间是动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作状语，故填Given/Havingbeengiven．9．those．考查代词，those指代那些人，在定语从句中做主语，故填those．10．without．考查介词，不需要抚养残疾孩子的女性，结合句意以及后面的raising，可知填without．【点评】对于语法填空这类题，一是懂得分析句子结构，二是知道充当各个句子成分的词类或词性，从语法上确定答案，当然，对于某些固定搭配也要牢记，在平时的学习中要多积累这些词汇或短语，对于句子使用的时态语态也要通过语境进行确定．2．（15分）WelcometoWindsorCastleWindsorCastleistheoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleinthew orldandtheOfficialResidenceoftheQu eenofBritain．Overaperiodofnearly1，000yearsithasbeen（1）I continuously，andalteredandredecoratedbymonarchs（君主）oneaftertheother．Someweregreatbuilders，strengtheningtheCastleagainst（2）A andrebellion；others，livinginmorepeacefultimes，createdagrandRoyalresidence．WilliamtheConquerorchoseth esite，highabovetheriverThamesandontheedgeofaSaxonhuntinggrou nd．Itwasaday'smarchfromtheT owerofLondonandintendedtoguardthewestern（3）H tothecapital．Theouterwallsoftoday'sstructureareinthesa mepositionasthoseofthe（4）B castlebuiltbyWilliamtheConquerorinthe1070s．TheQueenuse stheCastlebothasaprivatehome，wheresheusuallyspendstheweekend，andasaRoyalresidenceatwhichsheundertakescertainformald uties．WindsorCastleis（5）C usedbytheQueentohostStateVisitsfromoverseasmonarchsand presidents．EveryyeartheQueent akesupofficialresidenceinWindsorCastleforamonthoverEaster（March﹣April）．TheCastleishuge，sopeopletendtoheadforthemost（6）D bits ﹣﹣﹣theStateApartments，St．George'sChapel，theGalleryandthedelightfulQueenMary'sDollsHouse．Workso fart，antiquefurniture，curiositiesandimpressivearchitecturereflectthetastesof manydifferentroyalgenerations．TheStateApartmentsare（7）F decoratedformalroomsstillusedforstateandofficialfuncti ons．ThemagnificentandbeautifulSt．George'sChapelwasstar tedin1475byEdwardIVandwascompleted50yearslaterbyHenryVIII．It（8）K amongthefinestexamplesoflatemedievalarchitectureintheU K．TheDrawingsGallery（9）E theexhibition"TheQueen：60Photographsfor60Years"．Theexhibitionpresentsportrait softheQueen（10）G inbriefmomentsonbothofficialoccasionsandatrelaxedfamil ygatherings．【考点】N8：选词填空．【分析】本文介绍了一次照片展览会．这次展览展示了女王在正式场合和轻松的家庭聚会上短暂瞬间的照片．【解答】IAHBCDFKEG1．I．句意理解题．根据句意可知，在近1000年的时间里，它一直有人居住，并由君主一个接一个地改变和重新装饰．故选I．2．A．句意理解题．根据句意可知，有些人是伟大的建筑工人，他们加固城堡以抵抗起义和叛乱．故选A．3．H．句意理解题．根据句意可知，从伦敦塔出发有一天的路程，目的是守卫通往首都的西方通道．故选H．4．B．句意理解题．根据句意可知，今天建筑的外墙与1070年代征服者威廉建造的原始城堡的外墙位置相同．故选B．5．C．句意理解题．根据句意可知，温莎城堡经常被女王用来接待海外君主和总统的国事访问．故选C．6．D．句意理解题．根据句意可知，城堡很大，所以人们倾向于去最壮观的地方﹣﹣国家公寓．故选D．7．F．句意理解题．根据句意可知，国家公寓是装饰豪华的正式房间，仍然用于国家和官方活动．故选F．8．K．句意理解题．根据句意可知，它是英国中世纪晚期建筑的典范之一．故选K．9．E．句意理解题．根据句意可知，图片馆展出了"女王：60年来的60张照片"．故选E．10．G．句意理解题．根据句意可知，这次展览展示了女王在正式场合和轻松的家庭聚会上短暂瞬间的照片．故选G．【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑句子大意的前提下，还应该注意句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，以符合题目要求．III.ReadingComprehension3．（30分）"NatureandNurture" Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesand behaviourareformed．However，itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanothe risnot，orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheris（1）C．Socialscientistsareofcourse（2）B interestedinthesetypesofquestions．Theywanttoexplainwhy wepossesscertaincharacteristicsan dexhibitcertainbehaviour．Therearenoclearanswersyet，buttwo（3）A schoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped．Asonemightexp ect，thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromeachother，andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetween（4）D ofeachtheory．Thecontroversy（争论）isoftenconvenientlyreferredtoas"natureandnurture"．Thosewho（5）B the"nature"sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitie sandbehaviourpatternsare（6）B determinedbybiologicalfactors．Thatourenvironmenthaslittle，ifanything，todowithourabilities，characteristicsandbehaviouris（7）C tothistheory．Takentoanextreme，thistheorystatesthatourbehaviourispredeterminedtosucha greatdegreethatwearealmostcomplete lygovernedbyour（8）D．Supportersofthe"nurture"theory，or，astheyareoftencalled，（9）D，claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologica llybasedinstinctsindetermininghow wewillact．Abehaviorist，B．F．Skinner，seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviourisalmostcompletely（10）Abytheirsurroundings．Thebehaviorists'viewofthehumanbein gisquitemechanistic．Theystatethat，likemachines，humansrespondto（11）A stimuli（刺激）asthebasisoftheirbehaviour．Sociallyandpolitically，theconsequencesofthesetwotheoriesare（12）D．IntheUS，forexample，blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencet ests．Thisleadssome"nature"support erstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallylowerinstatusthanwhitesare．Behaviorists，（13）A，saythatthedifferencesinscoresareduetothefactthatblacks areoftenrobbedofmanyoftheeducationa landotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy，andthat，asaresult，theydonotdevelopthesame（14）B thatwhitesdo．Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainh umanbehaviour．Asamatteroffact，itisquite（15）D thatthekeytoourbehaviourliessomewherebetweenthesetwoex tremesandthatthecontroversywillc ontinueforalongtimeiscertain．（1）A．sensitive B．productive C．competitive D．aggressive （2）A．moderately B．extremely C．reluctantly D．scarcely （3）A．distinct B．reliable C．relevant D．equal（4）A．objectors B．operators C．opponents D．advocates （5）A．claim B．support C．resolve D．inherit（6）A．completely B．largely C．thoroughly D．merely （7）A．sensitive B．open C．central D．subject（8）A．abilities B．capacities C．personalities D．instincts （9）A．experts B．scientists C．environmentalists D．behaviorists（10）A．shaped B．dominated C．oppressed D．restricted（11）A．environmental B．biological C．genetic D．psychological（12）A．temporary B．slight C．fatal D．far﹣reaching（13）A．onthecontrary B．asawhole C．afterall D．forinstance（14）A．habits B．responses C．characteristics D．advantages（15）A．necessary B．impossible C．unreasonable D．likely【考点】M2：社会文化．【分析】人们很难解释为什么一个人聪明而另一个人不聪明，或者为什么一个人喜欢合作而另一个人竞喜欢争．本文介绍了两种理论，并且对此提出例子来说明．【解答】CBADBBCDDAADABD（1）C．形容词词意辨析题．A．sensitive敏感B．productive 生产C．competitive竞争D．aggressive好斗．很难解释为什么一个人聪明而另一个人不聪明，或者为什么一个人喜欢合作而另一个人竞喜欢争．故选C．（2）B．副词词意辨析题．A．moderately适度地B．extremely 非常C．reluctantly不情愿地D．scarcely几乎不．社会科学家当然对这类问题非常感兴趣．故选B．（3）A．形容词词意辨析题．A．distinct明显的B．reliable 可靠的C．relevant相关的D．equal平等的．目前还没有明确的答案，但在这个问题上已经形成了两种明显的、截然不同的思想流派．故选A．（4）D．名词词意辨析题．A．objectors反对者B．operators 经营者C．opponents对手D．advocates主张．正如人们可能预期的那样，这两种方法截然不同，而且每种理论的支持者之间存在着大量的争论．故选D．（5）B．动词词意辨析题．A．claim要求B．support支持C．resolve 决定D．inherit继承．那些支持"自然"的人，相信我们的个性是由生物因素决定的．故选B．（6）B．副词词意辨析题．A．completely完全地B．largely 主要地C．thoroughly彻底地D．merely仅仅．人的行为模式在很大程度上是由生物因素决定的．故选B．（7）C．形容词词意辨析题．A．sensitive敏感的B．open打开C．central中心的D．subject主题．我们的环境与我们的能力、特征和行为几乎没有任何关系，这是这一理论的核心．故选C．（8）D．名词词意辨析题．A．abilities能力B．capacities 能力C．personalities诽谤D．instincts本能．极端地说，这个理论认为，我们的行为在很大程度上是预先决定的，以至于我们几乎完全受本能的支配．故选D．（9）D．名词词意辨析题．A．experts专家B．scientists科学家C．environmentalists环保主义D．behaviorists行为．"后天培养"理论的支持者，或者如他们通常所说的，行为主义者，声称在决定我们如何行动时，我们的环境比我们基于生物学的本能更重要．故选D．（10）A．动词词意辨析题．A．shaped塑造B．dominated控制。
上海市英语2019年普通高等学校招生统一考试(含答案)
D.The food is worth the price.
6.
M: I had a hard time getting through the novel.
W: I know how you feel. Who could remember the n ames of 35 differe nt characters?
上海英语试卷
1.Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:In sect ion A, you will hear ten short con versati ons betwee n two speakers. At the end of each con versati on, a questi on will be asked about what was said. The con versati on and the questio n will be spoke n only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Q: Where will the speakers probably go?
A.To a stati onery shop.
B.To a gymnasium.
C.To a paintstore.
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上海市2019年高考英语模拟试题9（含解析）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions： In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. Theconversations and the questions 'will be spoken only once. After you hear aconversation and the question about it， read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have, heard.1. A. $10. B. $8. C. $16. D. $12.2. A. At a concert. B. At a restaurant.C. At an art museum.D. At a flower shop.3. A. A teacher. B. A policeman. C. A doctor. D. An athlete.4. A. Parent and child. B. Husband and wife.C. Teacher and student.D. Shop assistant and customer.5. A. A pair of trousers. B. A suit.C. A coat.D. A blouse.6. A. The man is planning a trip to Austin. B. The man has not been to Austin before.C. The man doesn’t like Austin.D. The man has been to Austin before.7. A. Find a larger room. B. Sell the old table.C. Buy two bookshelves.D. Rearrange some furniture.8. A. She is fond of pizza very much.B. She disagrees with the man.C. She doesn’t understand what the man says.D. She doesn’t like pizza v ery much, either.9. A. She doesn't mind it as the road conditions are good.B. She is tired of driving in heavy traffic.C. She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day.D. She enjoys it because she's good at driving.10. A. It was a long lecture, but easy to understand.B. It was not as easy as she had expected.C. It was as difficult as she had expected.D. It was interesting and easy to follow.Section B (15%)Directions ： In Section B，you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage and conversation , you will be asked several questions. Thepassages and the conversation will be read twice，but the questions will be spokenonly once. When you hear a question， read the jour possible answers on your paperand decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Twin volunteers. B. Twin prisoners.C. Two police officers.D. Two patients.12. A. To see if tea and coffee would do any harm to people.B. To see how much tea and coffee one could drink a day.C. To see whether his people were telling a lie.D. To see whether the drinks had the same effect.13. A. They both lived a long life. B. One of them survived the experiment.C. Both of them died soon.D. They suffered a lot from the experiment.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is listed in the teaching program. B. It is important to English teaching.C. Effective listening results in good grades.D. It's more taught than any othersubject.15. A. Listening helps to send plain message.B. Listening develops interpersonal relationship.C. Listening has little to do with interpersonal relationship.D. Good listening helps to deliver an important speech.16. A. Good listening means a good job.B. Listening requires understanding.C. With good listening, you can receive messages.D. Listening is an important means of communication.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Boss and employee.C. Fellow workers.D. Teacher and guide.18. A. Marketing products. B. Studying a foreign language.C. Developing teaching programs.D. Selling software.19. A. Social background. B. Work experience.C. Wide knowledge.D. Intelligent mind.20. A. To Japan B. To Chile. C. To Korea. D. To South AmericaII. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10%)Directions： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word ； for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.The sun’s changing energy levels are not to blame for recent glob al warming and, if anything, solar variations over the past 20 years should have had a cooling effect, scientists have said.Their findings add to a growing body of evidence ___1___ human activity, notnatural causes, lies behind the rising average world temperatures, which ___2___(expect) to reach their second highest level this year since records began in the1860s.There is little doubt that solar variability has influenced the Earth’s climate in the past and ___3___ well have been a factor in the first half of the last century, but British and Swiss researchers said ___4___ could not explain recent warming. Over the past 20 years，all the trends in the sun that could have had an influence on Earth's climate ___5___ (be) in the opposite direction to that required to explain the observed rise in global mean temperatures.Most scientists say emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly from burning fossil(化石的) fuels in power plants, factories and cars, are the prime cause of the current warming trend. A ___6___ (decrease) group pins the blame on natural variations inthe climate system, or a gradual rise in the sun’s energy output.They concluded that ___7___ rapid rise in global mean temperatures seen sincethe late 1980s could not be attributed to solar variability, ___8___ mechanism wasused.The ___9___ (warm) years in the past 150 years have all been since 1990 and aUnited Nations climate panel, ___10___ (draw) on the work of 2,500 scientists, said。