翻译培训 名词性从句的译法共37页文档
翻译培训 名词性从句的译法
宾语从句的译法
在把宾语从句译成汉语时,通常按 照句子的语序翻译即可。
有时也视具体情况对原文语序进行 调整。
例:
They proposed that we take certain precautions.
It +谓语+that从句
通常按原文句子结构顺序翻译,It 不 译出来。
例:
It seems that she is going to buy a car on installment.
她好像要用分期付款的方式购买汽车。
It goes without saying that plants cannot grow without sunlight. 不言而喻,没有阳光,植物就不能生长。
Enthusiasm means that your are stimaulated by your work, and are able to find new challenges and keep growing professionally. But most jobs have some elements that are less fun and more difficult to carry out. This is where passion really comes into play. When you love that you do, it isn’t too difficult to get the job done. The hard part is performing equally well in those less interesting tasks.
名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译名词性从句⼀、主语从句(⼀)以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导的主语从句,在翻译的时候,⼀般可以按照英语原⽂顺序来翻译。
What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西⽽已。
Whether he comes or not makes no difference.When we can begin the expedition is still a question.(⼆)⽤it作形式主语的主语从句,可以把主语从句放到汉语句⼦最前⾯去翻译。
为了强调起见,it⼀般可以译出来;如果不需要强调,it也可以不译出来。
It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参加不参加会议没有多⼤关系。
(It没有翻译)It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的。
(It翻译为“这”)有时候,如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的顺序翻译的话,it⼀般不需要译出来。
在汉语译⽂的开始,⼀般可以⽤“...的是,...”这样的结构来翻译。
It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪,她竟然没有看出⾃⼰的缺点。
(It不⽤翻译,还可以⽤“奇怪的是...”这样的结构来翻译)⼆、宾语从句(⼀)⽤that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句,翻译成汉语的时候,⼀般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。
名词性从句的翻译技巧
一般来说,可以保持原本的语序直接翻译。 一般来说,可以保持原本的语序直接翻译。 • 他表示希望能再来中国访问。 他表示希望能再来中国访问 能再来中国访问。 • 关于他被捕的传闻是没有根据的。 关于他被捕的传闻是没有根据的 的传闻是没有根据的。 • 有可能他是一个间谍。 有可能他是一个间谍。 他是一个间谍 • He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. • The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded. • There is a possibility that he is a spy.
句子翻译专题 3
名词性从句的翻译技巧
深圳外国语学校 赵欢琦
名词性从句
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
主语从句
由what, whatever, whoever 等引导的主语从句 “It” 作为形式主语的主语从句
1. 用what, whatever, whoever, when ,whether, where, why, how 等来引导主语从句,按照 等来引导主语从句, 原句的顺序来翻译。 原句的顺序来翻译。
• 一路上所见所闻给我留下了十分深刻的印象。 一路上所见所闻给我留下了十分深刻的印象 给我留下了十分深刻的印象。 • 他来不来都没关系。 他来不来都没关系 都没关系。 • 任何值得做的事情都应该做好。 任何值得做的事情都应该做好。 都应该做好 • What I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression. • Whether he comes or not makes no difference. • Whatever is worth doing should be done well.
名词性从句翻译
名词性从句翻译名词性从句是一种从句,用作名词的作用,可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句一般由连接词引导,包括连词that, whether/if , 连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever,whomever, whatever, whichever, 连接副词when, where, why, how等等。
名词性从句的翻译要根据具体的上下文和句子结构进行灵活变通。
下面是一些常见的名词性从句的翻译示例:1. 主语从句:That he is late again is not surprising.他又迟到了并不奇怪。
2. 宾语从句:I don't know where she went.我不知道她去哪里了。
3. 表语从句:The problem is whether we can solve it.问题是我们是否能够解决它。
4. 同位语从句:The news that he passed the exam made us happy.他通过考试的消息使我们很高兴。
5. 介词宾语从句:I am not sure about what he said.我不确定他说的是什么。
6. 间接引导名词性从句:He asked where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
7. 是否从句:I wonder whether/if she will come to the party.我想知道她是否会来参加派对。
8. 选择性从句:He asked me whether I preferred coffee or tea.他问我是喜欢咖啡还是茶。
9. 宾语从句(陈述句变为疑问句):Do you know what time it is?你知道现在几点钟吗?10. 宾语从句(连接代词):I wonder who is going to pick us up at the airport.我想知道谁会在机场接我们。
英语名词性从句的翻译
英语名词性从句的翻译英语名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语, 但是也有一些具体的处理方法, 下面我们结合一些实例加以说明:例1.How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。
(主语从句)例2.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (95年考题)这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度, 并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。
(主语从句)例3.It is often said that wide reading is the best alternative course of action but even here it is necessary to make some kinds of selection.人们常说, 大量阅读是可供选择的最佳方案, 但即使在这一方面, 也需要某些选择。
名词性从句的翻译
2002-61
四、同位语从句
belief(相信),fact(事实),hope(希 望), idea(想法,观点),doubt(怀 疑),news(新闻,消息),rumor(传 闻),conclusion(结论),evidence(证 据),suggestion(建议),problem(问 题),order(命令),answer(回答), decision(决定),discovery(发现), explanation(解释),information(消 息),knowledge(知识),law(法律), opinion(意见,观点),truth(真理,事 实),promise(承诺),report(报告), thought(思想),statement(声明), rule(规定),possibility(可能)
从句,可以把主语从句放到
汉语句子最前面去翻译。为 了强调起见,it一般可以译 出来;如果不需要强调,it 也可以不译出来。
It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.
It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.
(一)一般来说,同位语从句可以 直接翻译在主句后面。
He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.
There is a possibility that he is a spy.
(二)有时候在翻译同位语从句时,可 以将其放在所修饰的名词前面,相当 于前置的修饰语,但不一定使用定语 的标志词“的”。这种情况下,同位 语从句都是比较简单。
翻译4.5:名词性从句的翻译
4) It is a matter of common experience that bodies
are lighter in water than they are in air.
物体在水中比在空气中轻,这是一种常识。
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翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
discussions.
教授们和女生都发现,男孩子正在逐渐“接管”课堂讨论。
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翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes.
许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些过程相比。
4) It was thought that this drug was blown into the bedroom through a tube in the form of a fine powder which the sleeper breathed in.
青少年现在购物更多了,这就会使他们在光顾的商店里花钱多。
2) That aspect has to be weighed against the fact that they might not help your career plans.
但这些工作可能无助于你的择业规划,你必须在这两个方面权 衡一下。
这些组织指控海军的计划违背了保护动物不受虐待的
联邦法律。
11
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
2) But critics wonder if dolphins can be trusted to
名词性从句的译法
例4:Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 【译文】他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。 例5:Since hearing her predicament, I’ve always arranged to meet people where they or I can be reached in case of delay. 【译文】听她说了那次尴尬的经历之后,每每与人约 见,我总要安排在彼此能够互相联系的上的地 方,以免误约。
and talk the matter over with him.(it作形式宾
语)
【译文】我理所当然地认为,你会来跟他谈这件事
的。
例3:Another cause of obscurity is that the writer is himself not quite sure of his meaning. (表语从句) 【译文】写不清楚还有一个原因,那就是作者自 己对于所要表达的意思也不是很有把握。
补充例句:名词性从句 例6.We can explain very simply the important differences between solids, liquids, and gases on the basis of the theory that matter is made up of particles, and that these particles can move more easily in some states of matter than in others. (同位语
这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理即可相对比较容易但有时也可以译即可相对比较容易但有时也可以译为并列分句定语从句或其它形式的句为并列分句定语从句或其它形式的句如果名词性从句包含两层以上的意思需要把主句与从句分开译
名词性从句的翻译教案资料
精品文档名词性从句的翻译英语的名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
翻译的时候,大多数可以按照原文的句子顺序翻译成相应的汉语译文。
但有时候也需要采用其他翻译方法来灵活处理。
一、主语从句1)以关联词what, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why或从属连词that, whether等词引导的主语从句,一般可以按照英文原句的顺序来翻译,即一般放在句首,作为主从复合句的主语。
例如:What he told me was a sheer lie.他对我说的全是谎言。
Whatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.一路上的所见所闻给我留下了深刻的印象。
Whoever has made a trip to Huangshan must remember the clouds there.凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记黄山的云。
Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist.精品文档.精品文档一种生物究竟是植物还是动物,有时会让生物学家颇伤脑筋。
作形式主语的主语从句,可以先译主句,顺译为无人称句。
it2) 对于有时也可先译从句,再译主句,这样的话,一般需要在主句前加译如果不需要强调,可以将其译出;it,“这”。
需要注意的是,如果强调也可不译。
例如:It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪,她竟然看不出自己的缺点。
It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.她居然对我们说谎,这真是不可思议。
高考英语复习名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译英语的名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
翻译的时候,大多数可以按照原文的句子顺序翻译成相应的汉语译文。
但有时候也需要采用其他翻译方法来灵活处理。
一、主语从句1)以关联词what, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why或从属连词that, whether等词引导的主语从句,一般可以按照英文原句的顺序来翻译,即一般放在句首,作为主从复合句的主语。
例如:What he told me was a sheer lie.他对我说的全是谎言。
Whatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.一路上的所见所闻给我留下了深刻的印象。
Whoever has made a trip to Huangshan must remember the clouds there.凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记黄山的云。
Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist.一种生物究竟是植物还是动物,有时会让生物学家颇伤脑筋。
2) 对于it作形式主语的主语从句,可以先译主句,顺译为无人称句。
有时也可先译从句,再译主句,这样的话,一般需要在主句前加译“这”。
需要注意的是,如果强调it,可以将其译出;如果不需要强调,也可不译。
例如:It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪,她竟然看不出自己的缺点。
It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.她居然对我们说谎,这真是不可思议。
It doesn’t make much difference to me whether you come or not.你来不来我不在乎。
4种名词性从句的翻译方法
• In July 1898, Curie and her husband got a great success that they discovered the radioactive element—polonium.
• 你来不来我不在乎。
• It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us. • 她居然对我们说谎,这真是不可思议。
• It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.
works.【主谓结构作定语】
这是关于这台新型电气仪表如何运作的说明。
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同位语从句
常用连词that或链接副词来 引导,用以对某个名词作进 一步的解释或说明。翻译时 也可采取不同的方法。
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• 方法一:把同位语从句译成汉语联合复句中的一个分句。
• It was from these slender indications of scholarship that Dr. Weldon drew the conclusion that I was worthy to pass into Harrow.
绕着人工湖跑步的一个好处,就是不能抄近路回家。
The fact is that electronic computer are of great benefit to the development of science and technology.【主谓结构】 事实是电子计算机十分有利于科学技术的发展。
名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译名名词词性性从从句句的的翻翻译译英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
翻译这类从句时,大多数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语,但也还有一些其它的处理方法。
现分述如下:一、主语从句(一)以what, whatever, whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1) What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西。
2) Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
3) Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must remember the Kaatskill Mountains.凡是在哈得孙河上游航行过的人是一定记得卡兹吉尔群山的。
他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。
(二)以it 作假主语所引出的真主语从句,翻译时视情况可以提前,也可以不提前。
1. 真主语从句提前译,为了强调起见,it 一般可以译出来,如果不需要强调,it 也可以不译出来。
1)It doesn’t m ake much difference whether he attends the meeting or not .他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。
2)It is a fact that the U .S .S .R .has sent it fleet to all parts of the world. 苏联已把它的舰队派往世界各地,这是事实。
3)It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash .驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活畜,这看来是不可想象的。
2.真主语从句不提前,it 一般不需要译出来。
英语名词性从句的翻译
英语名词性从句的翻译英语名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语, 但是也有一些具体的处理方法, 下面我们结合一些实例加以说明:例1.How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。
(主语从句)例2.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (95年考题)这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度, 并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。
(主语从句)例3.It is often said that wide reading is the best alternative course of action but even here it is necessary to make some kinds of selection.人们常说, 大量阅读是可供选择的最佳方案, 但即使在这一方面, 也需要某些选择。
英译汉——名词性从句的译法
考研英语每日一课(英译汉——名词性从句的译法)英译汉——名词性从句的译法英语名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语,但是也有一些具体的处理方法,下面我们结合一些实例加以说明:例1.How andwhenhuman lang uagedevel opedand w hethe r ani malssuchasch impan zeesand g orill as ca n dev elopa mor e ela borat e sys tem o f com munic ation areissue s atprese nt be ing r esear ched, butas ye t lit tle u nders tood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统,都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。
(主语从句)例2.How w ell t he pr edict ion w ill b e val idate d bylater perf orman ce de pends upon theamoun t, re liabi lity, andappro priat eness of t he in forma tionusedand o n the skil l andwisd om wi th wh ich i t isinter prete d. (95年考题)这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度,并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。
名词性从句译法
名词性从句译法They want to explain why we possess certain characteristic andexhibit certain behavior.【结构分析】本句种why引导的为宾语从句,可单独译为一句、【参考译文】他们想要说明,为什么我们有某些性格特征和表现出某些行为。
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that ourpersonalities and behavior are largely determined by biologicalfactors.【结构分析】本句中that从句作believe 的宾语,其中who引导的是定语从句,修饰those。
【参考译文】在这场争论中,赞成"天性"的那些人认为:我们的性格特征和行为模式大多是由生物因素所决定的。
That our environment has little, if anything, to do with ourabilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.【结构分析】本句中that our…. And behavior是主语从句,在整个句中作主语。
可将从句译为"的"字结构,或译成主谓宾结构作句子的主语,其余部分仍按原文顺序译出。
【参考译文】这种理论的核心是,我们的环境同我们的才能、性格特征和行为,即使有什么联系的话,也是不足道的。
How well the prediction will be validated by later performancedepends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of theinformation used and on the skill and wisdom with which it isinterpreted.【结构分析】How well the prediction will be validated by later performance是主语从句,在整个句中作主语:谓语是depends upon(on); 宾语有两个,它们分别是:the amount,reliability, and appropriateness of the information used 和the skilland wisdom。