时代的叛逆者_霍尔顿形象分析_焦玲玲
《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析(Word最新版)
《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析通过整理的《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析相关文档，希望对大家有所帮助，谢谢观看！《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析黑体小二号居中，单倍行距摘要霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。
显而易见，形象鲜活的霍尔顿给各个时代的读者都带来了深深地震撼。
本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。
主人公所处的现实社会是矛盾的、对立的。
“假模假样”是这部小说中的一个经典词语，也是主人公常用的词语。
本文将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。
同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。
为了让读者能够更深入的了解主人公和第二次世界大战后美国的社会现状，及作品背后蕴藏的深意，本文对霍尔顿这个具有代表性的人物形象作了深刻的剖析。
关键词: 纯真；性格分析；假模假样；反叛Abstract Holden is the young protagonist of the famous literaryworks “The Catcher in the Rye“, which is written by Salinger. At the same time, Holden also represents the youth of American at that time. It is obvious that the vivid image of Holden profoundly impacts all its readers. This thesis will focus on analyzing the personality characteristics of Holden. The real society in which the protagonist lives is contradictory and antagonistic. “Phony“ is a classic words in the novel, and it is also commonly used by the protagonist. It vividly described social hypocrisy and ugliness in the eyes of Holden. This article will analyze Holden’s contradictory character from two aspects, including the rebelliousness in his personality and his noble ideals of defending for purity and chasing happiness. Meanwhile, this paper also explores causes that formed Holden’s contradictory personality by analyzing social and environmental factors, aiming to find out the root of his character. In order to give the reader a deeper understanding on the protagonist, the social situation of the United States after in the Second World War, and the profound meaning behind the works, this article makes a profound analysis on the representative image of Holden. Key words: Purity; personality analysis; phony; rebel Contents 摘要ⅰ Abstract ⅱ Contents ⅲ Chapter One Introduction 2 1.1 Holden Caulfield 2 1.2 The Author and the Significance of the Novel 2 Chapter TowHolden—the Innocent image in The Catcher in the Rye 2 2.1 Holden — A Young Man Loving Pure Childhood Time 2 2.2 Holden--A Patron God for Children 2 2.2.1 The Ideal Eden 2 2.2.2 A Catcher 2 Chapter Three A Rebel Resenting the World 2 3.1 A Rebel against Mundane Affairs 2 3.1.1 A Rebel against the School 2 3.1.2 A Symbol for the Rebel— Red Hunter Cap 2 3.2 Evading in the Revolt 2 3.3 Growing in the Revolt 2 Chapter Four The reasons of Contradictory character 2 4.1 The social environment 2 4.2 The education environment 2 Chapter Five Conclusion 2 Bibliography 2 Acknowledgements 21 Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Holden Caulfield The hero in The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield, was a middle school student, who was born in a rich middle-class family. He was only 16 years old, but he was taller than normal teenagers of the same age. He always wore a cap and trench coat every day. Holden did not like studying at school, and was expelled from school three times. Although he was expelled for failing four of his five subjects at the end of one semester, he didn＇t feel sorry. After fighting with his classmates, he didn’t dare to go home. Then he found a small hotel to live in for one day. And he saw some men and women with disordered life there. There was a man who wore women clothes; each of his postures made Holden feel sick.He would hang out in clubs every time he felt bored. He was annoyed when returning back to the hotel. So he agreed with Maurice’s advice to work as an elevator worker, since Maurice would find a prostitute for him. But when the prostitute came, he felt nervous and scared, and finally had to give five dollars to the prostitute. The next day, Holden donated $10 to two nuns while wandering in the street. Holden went skating with his girlfriend Sally after watching a match. When he saw Sally’s insincerity, Holden felt bad. Holden didn’t want to go home or continue to go to school. Therefore, he decided to make a living in the west and pretended to be a deaf and dumb to live his rest life. But before leaving, he would like to see his sister. So he called her. Having waited for her for a long time, he saw his sister Phoebe arrived dragging a big suitcase full of her clothes. She was determined to go with her brother to the west. Finally, because of his sister’s persistence, he had to give up his plan to the west. 1.2 The Author and the Significance of the Novel The Catcher in the Rye is one of the greatest works of modern literature. The author, Jerome David Salinger, wrote this novel whiling publishing some short novels. However, it had made significant impact on the society and literature of America. The Catcher in the Rye was popular among American teenagers, because it reflected their inside feeling. Critics believed itwas the best “initiation novel”. The y considered that the novel had some similarities with Huckleberry Finn, a masterpiece of Mark Twain. After it published, The Catcher in the Rye directly influenced creating novels o f this kind. “I just wanted to be a catcher in the rye” is its symbolic image, representing the whole meaning of the novel. Salinger hoped to have such a dream that he could accompany the growth of children. Holden’hunter red hat, another profound meaning of the image, consistently existed through the whole novel. The hero wo uld like to be “the catcher in the rye” and then he would be responsible for the safety of children and alert like a hunter. His hat stood for his ideal and responsibility and also the harbor of body and mind. Later he gave the hat to his most beloved sister hoping that she could approve with his thoughts and actions. Chapter Two Holden—the Innocent Image in The Catcher in the Rye 2.1 Holden —a Young Man Loving Pure Childhood Time It can be known from the novel that Holden did not like the hypocrisy of society, and looked forwards to chase the purity of childhood. As long as purity is mentioned, it will make the pure world occur to our mind. In this novel, the pure world was demonstrated by the representative characters. The first one was Alley who was Holden＇s younger brother. He loved Alley for the reason that Alley was hisbrother as well as because his chasteness and wisdom. As Holden remembered, he slept in the carbarn at the time when Alley died. So he always thought that he should be responsible for Alley’s death. Because he was particularly sad, his fists fiercely broke the glass window. Additionally, he also had the mind that he would die, too. There is another detail that also could found he loved Alley very much: he had been keeping Alley’s baseball glove. As Stradlater＇s request Holden created an article whose content is concerning about the gloves. He often talked to Alley, and it seemed that his younger brother still stayed beside him. As Phoebe asked Holden about what kind thing and person he liked, it often easily made hime to has his cute brother in mind. He knew that Alley had died, but he was the symbol of purity in his heart. Holden exerted all his energies to conrcern with Phoebe when faced her. He looked forward to defend her innocent and pure heart. As he was swallowed by the hypocritical people as well as society, and even as he almost lost hope for everything, then he entered Phoebe’s room. He told her that he was afraid he would not have an opportunity to see her any more before his death. At the time he made up his mind to go to the West, he said goodbye to Phoebe. He was almost insane when he found the obscene words on the her school walls. It was very has for him toimagine that if students see these kinds of words, what would appear in their mind. Phoebe had expressed her willing to company with him, but he refused frankly. He looked forward her keeping a positive and optimistic attitude towards her life. One time she just said a simple words “shut up”, which surprised him a lot. In Holden＇s mind, when encounter troublesome things, he would think the little girls wearing skating shoes wew very lovable. Here, the word “lovable“ was employed to describe the world in opposition to “hypocritical”. As to the meaning of “lovable“, it contained the quality of sincerity and innocent, and all of them were illustrated by children. Holden had encountered two nuns, both of them were quite nice because they put all their heart and soul to help others, which was different to his aunts who would not do good things. In addition, his aunt would never appear before the public without making up. However, the nuns were not do the same, so they were the symbol of adult＇s purity. What＇s more, there were a lot of other things occured in his mind every now and then, for example his girlfriend Jane, Richard who spoke unconstrainedly in oral class, the changeless duck, the fish in lake, as well as the relic in museum, and even a hunter＇s red cap, all of which transmitted intrinsic signals in his sub-consciousness. In “Survey of Contemporary American Novel”proposed by Huang Tiechi who argued that the signals just keeps two information: the first one is that Holden loves purity and keeps chasing it, and also looks forward to keep innocence as children; the other is changeless and freezing things, and they all demonstrate his intelligence and dignity. (Huang, 2000: 7). 2.2 Holden--A Patron God for Children As Holden had fight against the ugly world, he felt quite tired, and he had disappointment about the corruption and mendacity in the society. He desired to run into the real Eden, at which place he could live with purity and honesty. 2.2.1 The Ideal Eden As to Holden, the ideal Eden was a pure and innocent place for children. Holden agued the world he lived in were full of wicked and brutal things, and the people were all lousy. Therefore, he preferred to isolate himself from the hated world and people. Different with the inveracious and wicked adult world, children＇s simplicity made him be pleased and comforted. To him, together with children was very important to him, as well as his dream about childhood was significant to him. The children world was as clear as crystal, and it was a world filled with love, and warm could be found everywhere. Holden kept the ideal it s hould protect children from disturbing, so that they can keep the pure and real nature of human. It is the ideal Eden that made Holden to become a protector toprotect the good nature of children. In the adult world, dismay and corruption were here and there. So, in Holden’s mind, the single thing that worth him to do is to make all his effort to protect children from not to be influenced, and try his best to maintain their innocent nature. “Anyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody’s around-nobody big, I mean-except me. And I’m standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff-I mean if they’re running and they don’t look where they’re going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That’s all I’d do all day. I’d just be the catcher in the rye and all.”（Salinger, 1951:173）His biggest wish was to defend purity and children. He believed that people were naive and pure when they were children before decaying by adult. There was no doubt that the ideal Eden was equivalent to a faultless Holy Land. 2.2.2 A Catcher Holden created by the author was test himself and his life concept again. Finally, Holden started to clearly make up his thoughts—a bit incoherently, it was true—concerning the thing he was willing to do in his life. His hope is to be the “catcher”, who can defend children and their purity. He struggled to protect naive children from being disturbed by decadent adult world.He thirsted for philosophical meaning of his life, which keeps a primary moral aim overpassing the reality and practice. The task was as important as a savior. He didn’t mean to be sacrilegious intent, but his only hope was to keep human away from wickedness. The point of view of Holden was that all the unhappy features of a child were because he or her touch the adult world too early. Therefore, he longed for children to maintain purity, and never involving in adult world. Therefore, Holden preferred to become a catcher in the rye, so that he could save a lot of pure and naive children from the edge of cliff. It can be seen from the novel The Catcher in the Rye that the author assure us that Holden has the noble dream to seek for universal fraternity and spirit. He acted as a mutineer to the society, what’s more, he also manifested as a “catcher” protecting purity and children from the evil adult world. In addition, the purity that the children owned was one of the most distinguished nature of human. Holden’s career was significant, because it was good for children as well as for the whole world. It was no doubt that Holden should get the greatest compliment to some extent. Chapter Three A Rebel Resenting the World 3.1 A Rebel against Mundane Affairs From the novel, it can be recognized that people had the right to obtain education right. For the purpose of achieving success, allpeople tried their best to pursue knowledge. He despised those around him, for example his father, his brother and others. Here giving an example to illustrate, “The fat her who is making a lot of dough and plays golf and plays bridge and buys cars and drinks Martinis and looks like a hot-shot.”（Salinger, 1951: 172）. His brother was quite clever, D. B, he chose the way to Hollywood, and looked forward to earn money by creating scripts. In addition, Anto Nepali married a old woman who had a lot of treasure. Holden hated all things like those. Therefore, he started to fight against the real world, and hoped to have a wonderful life as he want. 3.1.1 A Rebel against the School In the first part of the novel, it described that Holden was weeded out of Pencey because he fail one course out of five ones. However, he hadn’t as the school’s stipulated time, in fact, he left school in advance, which was his own way to revolt against the school. On his own initiative, he left school because of his own willing, but not because of outside driving. He was reluctant to make effort to learn, which clearly demonstrated he revolted against the educational system at that time. From some details in the story, they could also manifest Holden’s rebellion characters. Here giving an example, once he had visited his teacher Mr. Antolini, who compared and analyzed the difference between immature and mature man, and gave him thesignificant suggestions, but not suicidal suggestion.What was Holden’s response to the sincere advice? He had no interests in listening to suggestions of the teacher, since he only cared for himself. Holden didn’t accept the roles in the world by the constructive way, on the contrary, he rebelled against the school and the family, even the world with the immature attitude. Additionally, he displayed the revolt mood through the words of counter-legitimate and counter-cultured. For instance, it appeared frequently in his words “damn, goddamn, ass, o ld and so on.” These words appeared with extremely high frequency. It seemed as if Holden was degenerating. The implied meanings in these words are his attitude to the society, and they also expressed he was disgruntled and sad. His weird words and action made him out of the standards rule of society. 3.1.2 A Symbol for the Rebel— Red Hunter Cap As to the red hat from a hunter, it was an unique symbol of the whole novel. The cap stood for Holden’s passive attitude and quality towards a lot of unhappy things in life. He bought it at the time he was repelled in school, and he had mentioned that if he did not want unhappy things to happen, he would wear it. The hunter cap had particular meaning in his dormitory. He said he knew it was hateful to wear the peak to back, but he liked to do it like that.（Salinger，1951:45）After struggling withStradlater, he displayed his behavior in an idiosyncratic way again. When he left Pencey, he wore the cap again and place the peak behind, which manifested his joyfulness and deliberateness. He often explained that he liked it that way, and highlighted that he just liked to do as that, from which it could be seen that demonstrated his choice explicitly, and also displayed that he rebelled against the social rule and norm. He made effort to express his wish by unnormal way. He looked forward to be himself, and had to manifest him in the hypocritical and insincere world. Generally speaking, the action of rebellion had agitative feature. It was no doubt that this kind of behavior had unique and particular meaning. Therefore, when recognizing the real society was impacted by decadent things, Holden revolted at once. While, his defiance was too negligible, hard and slow to be caught in mire. The more he rebelled, the deeper he would be caught, until to be swallowed. 3.2 Evading in the Revolt There was such a description in the novel. Holden wandered outside for three days and nights, observing and found the adult world was filled with wickedness, insincerity and evil. He was sensitive, but was not recognized by the society. He did not wants to live lonely, and hoped to get understand from the noisy world, therefore he tried to employ adult communication mode to talk with other people. Itwas the fact that he was eager to be understood and loved. Holden still kept an overwhelming dream, like a lot of children as well as adult, and need to pay attention. Holden usually appeared in a lot kinds of public places, and used phone to invited peoples including taxi driver and strangers. However, the results are usual out of his expectation, because he was refused or had no common words. Here, giving an example from the novel to demonstrate. After leaving hometown, Holden met Mrs. Morrow. He used lie to make her laugh, but they were glad. The other example was about a prostitute. He called her, but never felt any sexual desire. In fact, his three days experience was the effort he made to try to be understood and to acquire communication. He often looked forward to talk with people, because he was too lonely, and desired and catched all opportunities to communicate. With the more unpleasant communication, the more he was dissatisfied. He intended to revolt, however the fact was that he had no choice but to accept the world, but try to escape from it, however, he had to compromise once again. He even kept the mind that he was a man who could not hear and speak because he could not communicate with others in a long time. The world was repelling him, and there was full of loneliness in his heart, which alert him must be phony as others, as well as doing phony things. Hemade planed for his future life: he imaged he would do a work in gas station where he does not need to think about the type of work or nobody know him; where he does not need to hear and speak, but just get information from the customer’s piece of paper.（Salinger，1951:198）So, it can be easily found that his decision and action had very closely relationship with the real life and world, despite he could not found hope in the society he lived in. Analyzing from this aspect, it could be seen that he accept and understand about the real world, and it was reasonless to escape from the society. He finally went to a distant place in silent. He had no other choice but to do like that. Holden＇s final purpose was not to keep away from people and live in a distant place. The truth was that he experieced had fight between the idal and reality for the aim to find a suitable place. But, after encountering more and more failure, he recognized that no matter what he did, it would be no use. There was no such an ideal place in real world. Wang Lihong was a famous reviewer, and he once said Holden just had two choice, one was to accept the real society, the other was to be insane. In the real world, he had no choice but to accept the reality. Wang also gave an example to argue his point of view: Holden went back to school in Sept. and attempted to integrate i nto the society again. (Wang, 2006:180) As Wang＇s opinion, hechose to compromise totally. 3.3 Growing in the Revolt In his novel, J.D had created two lovely roles who were Holden and Phoebe, and they two were like angles. They possessed good qualities like kindness, honesty and courage. They had sympathy with others, and in particular, had the character of rebellion. They also get rid of the common norms of the society, and finally developed their own thought. His younger sister, Phoebe was the only one who Holden could talk about his ideal with. It was also Phoebe roused Holden’s heart by her loveliness and wisdom. Holden had experienced three days and nights seeking for communication, from which knew how to revolt against reality as well as recognized the important meaning of growth. There was detail description in 25th chapter of his book: Holden sat on a bench, and after a while, he watched his little sister riding wooden horse and playing with other children. Meanwhile, the children revolved again along with music. And he thought that they all were making effort to get the gold ring, including Phoebe, he worried she may fall off, but he still kept silence and did nothing. （Salinger，1951:211）. At the beginning Holden took care of Phoebe as parents, however he recognized that the best parents should allow kids to do something they want, and try to take adventure. Therefore, Holden believed it was important for childrento attempt to tough new things, which may have some risk. After realizing that, he just watched Phoebe grabbing the golden horse by herself tightly, and did not disturbed her. Here, the character’s conflict was manifested, that is to say, he reluctant to accept the adult life, but he had to grow up and learned to be mature. He was not a child any more, and would be adult soon, even though he thought the adult world were decadent. If he want to grow up quickly, he had to take adventure with enough courage. Then, he made effort to know the world and to accept it. This was a very necessary course he had to learn. He finally knew that if there was happiness, there was also sorrow, and the same as beauty and ugliness, which he learned from Phoebe. So, he believed that if the children wanted to grab the gold ring, adult should allow them to do and just keep silence; they may fallen off, but it was not good for adults to stop them . (Salinger，1951:211). Since then, he had been more and more mature. The merry-go-round was like life, as it revolved, the life also continued. Every body was revolved around the center axis. There was a academic article about this novel, and it made conclusion that Holden was not the only man who doubted and dissatisfied with real society, but if the jockey could follow the rules and adjust himself, then he/her would be safe on the wooden horse, in spite ofeverything outside. (Kong, 2001: 72) Time after time, Holden finally recognized that he longed for peace and solitude. Chapter Four The Reasons of Contradictory characters 4.1 Social Environment Holden met his brother’s ex-girlfriend when he drank in Greenwich Village and talked with his brother about who was a talented writer. His brother had published a good short story. But later he began to write some vulgar plays for Hollywood because of money. The ex-girlfriend pleased Holden and wanted to make up his brother. Holden felt disgusted and depressed about his brother, who was full of wit, submitted to the lure of money. No ordinary people would like his brother’s ex-girlfriend nor would artists like his brother who worked for money. The whole society was full of materialism. Even the art was filled with the worship of money. Holden’s disgust and frustration showed his contempt of adult world which was mired in materialism. Holden met Sarne at the night of his traveling. He sympathized with Sarne who gave in herself to vice due to the burden of life. Sarne was confused, angry with him, beating him and even ransacking him. She was the image of a social victim. Though, she had accepted the rules of the society where people were only interested in their own interests without caring about others as much as themselves. Holden had sympathy for her. He once again felt theindifference of society and the distortion of human nature. Therefore, every time Holden approached to people, he could not build an effective communication with them. Holden was banished from the world before he refused the world. So he expressed himself in a distorted way. He was cynical, sarcastic, liking lying, speaking nonsense, teasing, and even insulting others. He often felt that he was a terrible liar, a madman, and a fool. After he gained insight of the distortion of the adult world and also his own spiritual distortions, it seemed that escape was the only choice for Holden. However reality let him know that “you will never find a comfortable, quiet place, because there is no place like this”. 4.2 Educational Environment The school where Holden studied had a high reputation in the educational field, which should provide a good education and healthy growth for students. On the contrary, there were a lot of unhealthy social trends. Everyone around Holden was “a hypocrite”. Reading books and learning knowledge were only to “get advanced in the society so that in the future they can buy a goddam Cadillac”. What students did was “talking a bout women, alcohol and sex”. Obviously, such school was not an ideal place for Holden. He looked down upon those hypocrites who were senior students and hated those classmates who followed them, which made him unfit tothe surroundings. No one could really understand his rebellious character. Andolini is one of the most important figures whom Holden visited after he left school. He used to be Holden’s teacher. Holden considered him as the best teacher he had in his life, and respected his brave and righteous deeds. Therefore, after Holden suffered a series of defeat, he came to Antonelli’s apartment with confidence and imagined to get understanding and consolation. But the teacher who once left him a good impression told his students: “the sign of an immature m an is that he is willing to die bravely for his cause”, and his mark a mature m an with difference that he prefers to live humbly for his cause. It was clear that Holden was “immature” in his mind, and he himself was “mature”. From the perspective of the adult world, the advice Antonelli gave to Holden might make sense. But it couldn’t release Holden’s confusion. He was lonely and painful because he didn’t want to live humbly like most people. Even his most respected and trusted teacher educated him to be a person like that. He was very confused, very disappointed, especially when he woke up from his sleep and found that his teacher might be a gay. He then immediately found an excuse and escaped away from Antonelli’s house. All his hopes vanished; what the world gave him was only despair. Chapter Five Conclusion In the novel, the authorshowed us a subtle, rebellious and quite self-conscious teenager who found his own identity from the external society, however, in which he found him was inconsistent with the society in reverse. In the novel, Holden stood for a revolt to real society, and stood in the opposite position to combat mendacity and smuttiness. He was tired of and even and dismayed about the decadence and fraud. In the process of rebelling the already built life values in the adult society, he recognized the real meaning and significance of life. As a representative young man, he loved and had a sensitive feeling for the modern world. Meanwhile, he was an adolescent, concatenating these in childhood and adulthood. Therefore, he manifested naivety, sincerity and honesty were needed. In his heart, Childhood was the most wonderful time in his life. What’s more, he desired enter a real Eden at that place all people could pursue naive and genuine life. His willing is to become “a catcher in the rye.” Without any doubt, it was a particular noble work for him. Generally speaking, in this novel, Holden was designed as rebellion to the society and dream pursuer at the same time. In a word, through depicting Holden Caulfield’s feeling to the society, the author vividly presented social problems at that time. At the same time, Holden is a typical adolescent of the time in America. No matter in the past or at present, his particular。
《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿人物形象分析 霍尔顿是个怎样的人
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《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析
《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析发布时间：2021-12-07T05:36:38.907Z 来源：《教育研究》2021年12月中35期作者：陈姣姣[导读] 霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。
本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。
将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。
同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。
西安外事学院陈姣姣摘要：霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。
本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。
将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。
同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。
关键词: 霍尔顿;人物形象;性格前言《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格的代表作，从这部世界知名的作品中，我们可以看到作者通过细腻的笔触为我们塑造了一位具有复杂且矛盾的独特性格的主人公。
显然，上述塑造人物的方式并不是塞林格独创的，最早在上世纪初期，海明威等一些作家在创作有关战争对青少年心理影响的作品时，此类小说的着手点就是叙述战争对青少年产生的伤害。
和海明威等人的作品不同的是，即便《麦田里的守望者》也重点叙述战争对青少年的现实影响，但其更加关注主人公性格中叛逆和反抗精神的叙述，本文主要基于《麦田里的守望者》主人公的复杂性格开展全面且详细的探究，同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以及对当前社会发展和个人成长带来积极的影响。
一、《麦田里的守望者》人物性格（一）积极向上的性格特点1.追求纯真理想由于霍尔顿与丑陋的世界作斗争，他对社会的腐败和虚伪感到失望。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作，全书通过主人公霍尔顿的视角展现了一个叛逆、犹豫不决、思想敏感的青少年形象。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格是小说的一大亮点，他既具有叛逆不羁的一面，又深藏着对世界的关爱和对美好的追寻。
本文将对霍尔顿的矛盾性格进行分析，探讨他在小说中的内心世界和行为举止。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格体现在他对世界的态度上。
他痛恨虚伪和虚假，对身边的人和事都持有质疑的态度。
他不愿意接受社会的规范和道德准则，对学校的体制、老师的教导以及同学的行为都持有抵触情绪。
与此霍尔顿又对世界充满了关怀和理想。
他对妹妹菲莉丝的关爱和保护是最好的证明，他希望菲莉丝能够保持纯真和天真，不被社会的丑恶所侵蚀。
霍尔顿的这种矛盾性格表现了他内心深处对美好和善良的追求，同时也在不断地对世界提出质疑和挑战。
霍尔顿在情感世界中的矛盾性格也是显著的。
他常常表现出冷漠和不关心的一面，对外界的事物和人都持有一种漠然的态度。
他经常用“什么玩意儿”、“怎么个糟糕”等词语来形容周围的人和事，显得非常冷漠和不屑。
当他遇到了真正感兴趣的事物和人时，他又表现出过分关心和热情。
他对菲莉丝的关爱是最好的例证，他虽然不停地责怪她幼稚和不懂事，却又对她关心备至，不愿让她受到任何伤害。
霍尔顿对自己情感世界的矛盾表现了他对真善美的追求和对丑恶的拒绝，也表现了他在成长过程中的迷茫与挣扎。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格还体现在他对理想和现实的矛盾上。
他对理想的追求和对现实的妥协一直是他内心斗争的焦点。
他希望能够守护麦田里的孩子，阻止他们掉进温室玻璃碎片那一侧的深渊。
他不满于现实的世界，认为这个世界充满了虚伪和堕落。
他却无法完全逃避现实，不得不应对社会的压力和人际关系。
这种理想与现实的矛盾使得霍尔顿的内心更加纠结和扭曲，他时常陷入迷茫和彷徨之中。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格在行为举止中也得到了体现。
他常常表现出叛逆不羁的性格，对权威和规则持有质疑和反抗的态度。
最新 《麦田的守望者》中霍尔顿人物形象分析-精品
《麦田的守望者》中霍尔顿人物形象分析《麦田的守望者》主人公霍尔顿的拯救固然渺茫而充满幻想色彩，他却是塞林格面对邪恶社会对人性复苏的拯救思考，下面是小编搜集整理的一篇相关，欢迎阅读参考。
前言美国作家塞林格于1951年写作的长篇小说《麦田的守望者》一经出版,便轰动美国社会,尤其是在五十年代的美国青少年中,引起巨大反响,一时洛阳纸贵,青年读者争相购买,小说问世五十多年以来,一版再版,掀起购买浪潮。
作家塞林格从五十年代跻身美国文坛到六十年代隐居,前后创作时间不过十来年,却因为这部《麦田的守望者》而像一颗永不陨落的恒星,闪烁在美国现代文坛上空。
书中主人公霍尔顿愤世嫉俗,与外在社会格格不入,方枘圆凿,在对弥漫在他身边的外在环境的自私、虚伪、庸俗,进行激烈的反抗和唾弃,以及他对纯真、美好、善良、博爱的追求和眷恋中,引发了称为“垮掉的一代”的五十年代美国青年们深深共鸣。
可以说,承受内心巨大分裂的霍尔顿,正是那个时代无数彷徨无助、又渴望精神出路的一代美国青年的典型代表。
章节一《麦田的守望者》主要讲述的是一个名为霍尔顿·考尔菲德的十六岁青年,在他生理和心理都在急剧变化,内心精神十分敏感的时候,他却因为看不惯学校老师们庸俗糜烂的习气,用荒废学业来进行消极抵抗,考试仅有一门及格而被学校开除,不敢回家,在去纽约逛游了三天之后,这位心灵敏感的青年见识了社会上五光十色、物欲横流的现象,加深了他内心已经存在的分裂,最后在承受巨大精神折磨中,霍尔顿到处寻找解脱,或是和妹妹交谈,或是请求长者,最终他都没有得到一个满意的答案,整部书都在记叙他的所见所想。
小说发表后,迅速打破了美国文坛的沉默,引发一场“塞林格时代”,甚至美国街头开始出现青年模仿霍尔顿倒戴红色鸭舌猎帽的现象,足以见得该小说触及到了美国全社会关注的问题。
小说能引起巨大轰动,是因为主人公承受的自我分裂在那个年代的青年中普遍存在,这些本应该在灿烂的阳光下绽放生命最美好的笑容的年轻人却面临着寻找出路和没有出路的痛苦矛盾中,内心深处纯真无邪的人性之善无法升华至一个美好的社会,个人对待社会黑暗的无力,以及庞大的社会力量不断吞噬青年纯美的灵魂,是身在当时混乱畸形的环境中,一代青年彷徨无助的原因。
叛逆与成长：《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象剖析
叛逆与成长：《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象剖析一、《麦田里的守望者》简介《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格创作于1951年的小说，被誉为20世纪最重要的作品之一。
小说以第一人称叙述方式呈现，主要讲述了十六岁少年霍尔顿·考菲尔德在纽约度过一个周末，并且揭示了他对社会虚伪和人性善恶的思考。
二、霍尔顿·考菲尔德的叛逆性格1. 反对社会假象霍尔顿对社会虚伪深感厌恶，他嘲笑那些为了个人利益而丧失真实自我的人。
他反抗着虚伪面具所代表的成熟和冷漠，代表着对荒谬行为及其动机达到极限情绪。
> "呆板如石英钟机,设法享有一点私下空间；但你知道老子病毒已感染社会——尤其是市场松复时期、“国家安全（显然是指第二次洲际战争）”百廷争议节。
“ (《麦田里的守望者》)2. 对成人世界的不认同霍尔顿排斥成人世界，认为他们无法理解年轻人内心的真实感受。
他对家长、老师以及社会阶层有非常负面的看法，他无法适应这个伪善与冷漠并存的世界，因此努力寻找一个发泄自我的出口。
> "同时我幻想荒谬无厘头事、踏足外地；新地方、孤独美好。
某些时候我想沿途找个远远离开人类完全见识个反脱离，住农场或训练角斗士。
”(《麦田里的守望者》)3. 保护天真与纯洁霍尔顿认为儿童是纯洁无邪的，他试图将这种纯真保留下来，并愿意为此付出努力。
他认为自己有责任站出来保护那些即将失去天真童真的孩子们。
> “当你跑到在馆员前敏捷婴琵琶声飞，而又知道：完犊子！你傻了。
- 而这短促落胎期。
(《麦田里的守望者》)三、霍尔顿·考菲尔德的成长过程1. 寻找自我认同在矛盾与反叛中，霍尔顿不断尝试寻找自己的定位和认同。
他试图通过观察别人和推敲事物来理解自己。
这个过程是艰难且充满挫折的，但也逐渐帮助他建立了清晰的价值观。
> “其积极与阴暗演技操遥控大有真意之来源_起重机作工需要如果所题材支撑范围召任[边界具备请博格对你拉链扣环采伏共染窗户测试问造}`《麦田里的守望者》)2. 学会接纳现实经历一系列挫折和成长后，霍尔顿逐渐认识到无法永远保持理想与天真童心。
霍尔顿考尔菲尔德一个永不过时的角色
霍尔顿考尔菲尔德一个永不过时的角色霍尔顿考尔菲尔德（Holden Caulfield）是美国作家J.D.塞林格（J.D. Salinger）所创造的一个文学角色，出现在他的小说《麦田里的守望者》（The Catcher in the Rye）中。
霍尔顿的形象和故事情节扑面而来，并成为一代读者心中永不过时的青春英雄。
本文将探讨霍尔顿考尔菲尔德为何成为一个永不过时的角色，以及他所代表的价值观和思想。
一. 霍尔顿的温情和反叛之心霍尔顿是一个十六岁的少年，受到家庭问题和学校制度的困扰。
他对生活的不满和对虚伪的厌恶促使他采取一系列的反叛行为。
他对年长者的冷漠和社会规则的无视，使他成为当代青少年的代言人。
霍尔顿的人性和情感使他在读者的心中占据重要的位置。
二. 霍尔顿的关注和保护弱者霍尔顿对被他描述为“摔打在麦田里”的孩子们充满关爱和保护欲望。
他象征性地扮演了捕捉孩子们，在他们即将走向堕落的边缘时拯救他们的守护者。
他的关怀和忧虑，反映了社会对保护弱者的渴望，这也是他深入人心的原因之一。
三. 霍尔顿的孤独和迷茫霍尔顿独自面对世界，心灵上的孤独和迷茫在整个故事中都得到了描绘。
他试图融入社会，但对于虚假和荒谬的价值观无法接受。
尽管他表面上显得冷漠和反叛，但内心中他渴望着真实和纯洁。
这种深层次的孤独感使得读者能够以霍尔顿的视角重新审视自己的人生和价值观。
四. 霍尔顿的成长和反思霍尔顿在逃离学校后度过了几天，这段时间里他经历了许多人际关系以及对自己的思考和反省。
在这个过程中，霍尔顿开始对他自己的过去和未来做出了更深入的思考。
他开始接受自己的孤独和责任，这标志着他的成长和成熟。
五. 霍尔顿的永恒和影响霍尔顿的故事和他所代表的思想反叛精神在数十年来一直影响着读者。
他所表达的对虚假和荒谬社会的批判触动了读者的内心和思想。
他的形象和思考方式被广泛传播和讨论，使得他成为永不过时的角色。
结论：霍尔顿考尔菲尔德作为一个永不过时的角色，凭借他温情和反叛的特质，以及对弱者的关注和保护，吸引了无数读者的心。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格的代表作。
小说的主人公霍尔顿是一个十七岁的男孩，他经常表现出一种矛盾的性格特征，同时展现出强烈的反叛心态和孤独感。
本文将从以下几个方面对霍尔顿的矛盾性格做一浅析。
一、寻求真实和追求虚幻的矛盾霍尔顿一方面非常珍爱真实，憎恶虚伪，他认为社会上的许多人都是虚伪的，带着面具生活。
但另一方面他也会逃避现实，通过想象来逃避现实，他幻想着有一个神秘的地方，人们在那里不受批判地做自己想做的事情。
这种寻求真实和追求虚幻的矛盾使霍尔顿陷入了孤独和尴尬的境地。
二、爱恨交加的矛盾霍尔顿对周围的人经常表现出爱恨交加的情绪。
他对他的妹妹菲茨刻意保护，但是又不能忍受她成长为一个女人。
他对弟弟艾伦的死感到非常难过，但是又因为父母的反应而感到非常愤怒和失望。
而且，尽管霍尔顿在社会上表现得非常反叛，但他却表现出极度的渴望被别人关心和爱护的渴望，这种矛盾情感也反映了霍尔顿极端复杂内心。
三、明白人和愚蠢人的矛盾霍尔顿非常鄙视那些他认为愚蠢的人，他对他所见到的一些方面的愚蠢的现实表示出强烈的不满和反感。
然而，霍尔顿又非常看重那些他认为是聪明而有才智的人，他喜欢那些独立思考的人，而且往往对那些发现了自己矛盾的人给予极度的尊重。
这种矛盾表明霍尔顿有着相对固定的价值观同时又有许多无法理解和理解的结构和信仰。
“麦田里的守望者”是一本描绘成长期间的人性与社会现实交汇的小说，通过描绘霍尔顿的性格矛盾，展现了一个孩子心态与现实间的巨大裂缝。
霍尔顿内心深处所面对的矛盾，反映人生本身就是一个充满矛盾的过程，是我们从无知到理智，从稚嫩到成熟自我认知的过程。
《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿形象解读
虽然霍 尔顿逃离 了学校 ， 但却无 法逃 离社会 ； 虽 然他流浪在繁华 喧嚣的纽约城 ，但他无法 与周围的 人进行 交流 ， 没有 人理 解他 ， 他依 然是孤 独 的 ， 无论 他逃到 哪里都逃 不开人与人之 间的冷漠和 虚伪 。他 感到一种难 以名状 的 、 刻 骨铭心 的寂 寞 ， 为 了摆脱 这 种可怕 的寂寞 ， 他开始 了复 杂而矛盾 的生活 ， 他 厌恶 成人世界 ， 却不断地 以喝酒 、 鬼混 等各种成人化 的行 为证 明 自己已经成人 ； 他 讨厌 虚伪 、 欺骗 和说 教 ， 却 不 断地 编造谎话 、 训斥 别人 ； 他厌 恶 电影 ， 却不得 不 在 电影院虚度 时光 ； 他讨厌 女友萨丽 的虚荣 ， 却 又与 她搂搂抱抱 ； 他讨厌没有爱 情的性关 系 ， 却在 无聊时 叫来妓女 ； 他向往宁静和真 实的生活 ， 却又沉溺 于浮
一
座大楼 ， 他每次来学校 学生们都会 向他 欢呼致敬 ，
做一 个麦 田里 的守 望者挽救孩 子的纯真 。小说形 象 地再现 了 ２ ０世 纪 ５ ０年代美 国青少年 的迷惘 和成长 困惑 ，性格复杂而又 矛盾 的霍 尔顿 的成长 经历是美
国青少年成长 的缩 影。
一
但霍尔顿却认 为他 是一个卑鄙 无耻 、口是心 非的家 伙。霍尔顿强烈地厌恶和反感成 人世界 ， 更痛恨 自己 即将迈 入这 个社会 ，这 与他渴 望的美 好与天 真 、 做 “ 麦 田里 的守望者 ” 的美好 愿望相 违背 ， 因而在 现实 生活 中。 他显得格格不入 。
二、 理想爱情和纯真友谊 的寻求者
在 冷漠 、 虚伪 的现实生活 中 ， 霍尔顿渴望得 到纯 真的友谊和理想 的爱情。霍尔顿有 一顶红色 的猎人
学校里 的一切 都是骗人 的 ， 是 不诚实 的 ， 是被 宠坏 的 孩子 的收 容所 ， 周围“ 全 都是伪君 子” ， 学生们 愚昧麻 木， 整天无所事事 ， 只知 道谈论女人 、 酒； 校长 是一个 可怕 的势 利眼 ； 就连谆 谆教导 、 与他 关系十分融 洽 的 老教 师斯 宾塞先生也是 一个同性恋 者。这一切 都使
麦田里的守望者霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的反叛与迷茫
麦田里的守望者霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的反叛与迷茫麦田里的守望者：霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的反叛与迷茫霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德是《麦田里的守望者》一书的主人公，他以他特立独行、不合群的性格而闻名。
这一特点使他在人际关系中感到困惑和迷茫，同时也让他成为了一位具有强烈反叛意识的角色。
本文将探讨霍尔顿的反叛心理与他所面临的迷茫状况。
1. 反叛的决定霍尔顿对于社会中许多普遍被接受的行为和观念持批判态度，他拒绝接受虚伪、浮华的社交规范，认为这些都是对个体真实自我的伤害。
他反对权威与体制，对于虚伪的教育体制表示不满。
霍尔顿对学校生活和社会套路的反感，迫使他离开康奎恩学校，进入纽约城寻求自我。
2. 孤独感与迷茫随着霍尔顿逐渐摆脱了学校的束缚，他发现自己处于一种孤独的状态中。
他对世界感到陌生，他无法找到与他交流的人，感到无法融入社会。
这种孤独感带来了他的迷茫，他开始怀疑人生的意义和自己的存在的价值。
3. 霍尔顿的逃避行动为了逃避现实中的压力和冲突，霍尔顿常常采取逃避和掩饰的策略。
他选择留在纽约城，过一种无责任、无目的的生活，逃避与人建立深层次关系的挑战和痛苦。
他担心人与人之间的交往会剥夺了他的真实性和纯粹性。
4. 对儿童的关怀尽管霍尔顿很不满成人的虚伪，但是他对儿童表达了一种独特的关怀和热爱。
他把儿童看作是纯洁和真实的，他希望能够保护和守护他们免受成人世界的伤害。
这种对幼小生命的关怀也反映了他内心对纯真和真实的追求。
5. 反叛和成长霍尔顿的反叛行为不仅是对虚伪和成人社会的抗争，也是他成长和寻找真实自我的过程。
他逐渐认识到，无论他逃避与人建立真实关系的痛苦与困惑，他都无法真正逃离社会和现实的束缚。
他渐渐明白，真实的自我只能通过与他人的联系和体验中找到。
6. 对未来的迷茫尽管霍尔顿从一开始就表现出对社会人际关系的迷茫，但他对自己未来的方向也感到困惑。
他在纽约城度过的那几天里，没有找到自己真正的归宿和目标。
他感叹于成人世界的虚伪与荒谬，但又无法将自己完全脱离。
浅析《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿的人物形象
收稿日期:2019—04—12作者简介:张建华,女,山西太原人,硕士,助教,研究方向:英语语言文学。
浅析《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿的人物形象张建华(中北大学人文学院,山西太原030051)摘要:《麦田守望者》是20世纪美国著名作家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格迄今为止出版的唯一一部长篇小说,也是极具代表性的一部作品。
小说一经出版极受欢迎,但是也引起评论界的各种褒贬不一的争论,而争论的关键点就在于主人公霍尔顿·考菲尔德的人物形象。
本论文指出霍尔顿的时代特色,并论述霍尔顿的矛盾心理以及霍尔顿为走出创伤所做的努力,通过这些客观分析可以为研究主人公霍尔顿的形象及人格分裂的原因等提供一个全新视角。
关键词:麦田守望者霍尔顿;创伤;精神崩溃中图分类号:I109文献标识码:A 文章编号:1009—2234(2019)04—0155—03一、引言作为20世纪一部经典的美国文学作品,《麦田里的守望者》的创作来源于作者塞林格的早年真实经历,体现了自身的价值观。
小说在叙事上采用第一人称视角,讲述了16岁的美国少年霍尔顿·考菲尔德在被学校第四次开除后因惧怕父母责怪,混迹于纽约街头一天两夜,抽几包烟、花一些钱,最终因精神崩溃不得不入院治疗的痛苦经历,但是却成了“现代经典”。
在该小说出版后,受到美国社会开始疯狂追捧,尤其是在校园里模仿小说主人公霍尔顿的行为随处可见,身着风衣,倒戴鸭舌帽,模仿霍尔顿的言行举止。
如今,追捧风早已过去,而且通过对小说的分析,我们发现主人公霍尔顿在他言行相悖的背后所隐藏的诸多创伤。
正是因为他一次次受到身心伤害,才变成了他人眼中“异常奇怪的孩子”。
尽管作者知道生活的真实样子,但是他仍将很多无法实现的愿望寄托于梦想,为自己也为他人在杜撰一个传奇人物,这部作品有太多的幻想色彩理由。
它是一种幻觉需要,而不是实际生活,很适合处于青春时期的少年思想。
二、霍尔顿的时代特色20世纪50年代,二战已经成为过去时,人们终于摆脱了金戈铁马的日子,开始平淡的生活,但是正是这种单调、平淡的生活,使这些向往自由的人们有一种莫名的压抑感。
An Analysis of Holden in the Catcher in the Rye《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析
An Analysis of Holden in the Catcher in the Rye《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析AcknowledgementsWith the composition of the thesis coming to an end, I have at last obtained an opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisor, who has not only given me her generous and instructive advice, and valuable materials, but also spent much time reading and correcting the manuscript of the thesis. Besides, teachers’ constant encouragement and help during my study here could not be underestimated for the fulfillment of this thesis.I am also thankful to other teachers of English Department, whose courses I have attended and from whom I have learned much.I would also like to acknowledge my deep indebtedness to my parents who spare no pains bringing me up.AbstractHolden Caulfield is the young leading character in The Catcher in the Rye with Salinger’s celebrated works which was praised in the American literary arena. He was the representative of US youth’s statue at that time to some extent. His individual character of cynicism and kind-heartedness deeply shocked generations of American readers.Holden is a man of marked individuality. The key point what this paper analyzes is his personal characters. Holden lives in the society with contradictions. “Phony”, probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden’s favorite concepts. It is his catcher—all for describing hypocrisy and ugliness that encounters in the world around him. As a rebel, he is struggling with the world. Meanwhile he is in deep love with purity of his childhood and innocence of children. More importantly, he defends children’s soul and keeps watch the bright ideal. This paper centers on two major aspects to analyze characters of Holden. One is his rebellious spirit; the other is his consistent pursuit of defending purity and seeking lofty ideal.Through a in-depth study on the personality of the leading character, this paper helps the readers understand the classical figure of Holden, the reality of American society after World WarⅡand the profound significance of this work.Key words: Innocence; Rebel; Phony摘要霍尔顿是塞林格扬名美国文坛的名作《麦田里的守望者》的小主人公，他可以称得上是代表当时美国青年的铸像。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作之一，书中的主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德被认为是一个充满矛盾性格的人物。
霍尔顿既渴望表现出自己的成熟和坚定，又将自己隐藏在反叛和冷漠的外表之下。
这种矛盾性格使得霍尔顿成为一个备受争议的人物，在文学界和读者中引发了许多的讨论。
霍尔顿具有一种反叛的本性，他不愿意遵从任何规则和约束。
在书中，霍尔顿对学校和社会的规矩表示了极大的反感，他认为这些规矩都是虚伪的和无聊的。
他对校长、老师和同学都怀有敌意，对于他们的做法和说辞都持有怀疑和鄙视的态度。
这种反叛的本性在霍尔顿的言行中表现的淋漓尽致，他总是试图挑战既定的秩序和权威，甚至不惜为此付出代价。
与此霍尔顿的反叛也暴露出他内心深处的渴望被理解和被认同的渴望。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格还表现在他对生活的态度上。
他在书中经常表现出一种悲观和消极的情绪，对人生的意义和目标并没有一个明确的认识。
他对周围的环境和人际关系都持有极大的怀疑和不信任，似乎对一切都持有消极的看法。
当他谈到自己的妹妹菲莉丝时，霍尔顿的态度却又截然不同。
他对菲莉丝有一种特殊的情感，他对她充满了关爱和呵护的情感，希望她永远保持着纯真和善良。
这种对菲莉丝的独特感情暴露出了霍尔顿内心深处的渴望被爱和被理解的心理需求。
霍尔顿在言行中还表现出矛盾的幼稚和成熟。
他经常表现出一种孩子气的面孔，对于现实和未来都抱有一种天真的想法。
他容易感到孤独和虚弱，经常陷入消沉和自怜之中。
与此他又有着一种成熟和坚定的一面，面对生活的困难和压力时，他能够保持镇定和坚强，以一种超出年龄的方式面对挑战和困难。
这种幼稚和成熟的矛盾性格使得霍尔顿成为一个富有争议的人物，在读者中引发了广泛的讨论。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格使得他成为一个备受争议的人物，他的言行在某种程度上反映了现代青少年的内心挣扎和矛盾。
他对规则的反叛、对生活的悲观和对自我的矛盾，都具有一种现实意义。
读后感 读书笔记 人文经典作业 《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的人物分析
《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的人物分析内容摘要：杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格 1919 年1 月1 日出生于纽约，是美国现代文学史上的杰出小说家，他没有发表很多小说，但小说《麦田里的守望者》使他一举成名。
他在这部小说中形象地刻画了叛逆的反英雄少年霍尔顿。
在这部小说中，作者通过霍尔顿这一形象向我们展示了一个二战后美国青少年在丰富的物质世界和贫乏的精神世界之间的矛盾。
关键词：孤独、青春、成长正文：霍尔顿是个仅有16 岁的中学生，他愤世嫉俗、玩世不恭、不务正业、游手好闲、抽烟酗酒甚至满口脏话，整部小说，主人公自述了自己在第四次被开除出学校之后，不敢贸然回家，只身一人在美国最繁华的纽约城游荡一天两夜的荒唐经历。
住小客店，逛夜总会，滥交女友，酗洒……这些看似堕落不良少年的恶习恶行，主人公几乎在这一天两夜中全部做了个遍。
然而实际上他却是一个正直善良、怀揣梦想、有着美好追求的新一代有志青年。
他讨厌虚伪、冷酷的成人世界，既不追名逐利，更不唯利是图，他的理想就是做一名精神的守望者，带领孩子们在麦田里开心地做游戏，保护纯洁的孩子们不受现实社会的精神污染和不良风气的腐蚀，使每个人健康而快乐地成长。
小说并不是纯粹白描式的冷静叙述这个少年的游荡过程，而是始终贯穿着这个少年在游荡过程中的所思所想所感。
要深入地分析霍尔顿这个人物，就必须先了解当时的背景知识。
社会背景：霍尔顿生活在纽约这样一个热闹、繁华的城市，一个以成功和金钱为中心的城市，这对于霍尔顿来说再熟悉不过了，但是霍尔顿却想要逃离它。
他觉得没有一个地方适合他。
即便是这么大的世界，也没有他的容身之地。
因此，他觉得做一个“麦田里的守望者”才真正的适合他。
家庭背景：霍尔顿的父母对他的态度都不好，他的父亲从不会尝试着站在他的角度去理解并帮助他找出原因解决问题，相反而是对他十分粗鲁，而他的母亲一直没有从小儿子艾里之死的悲痛中走出来，对于霍尔顿更是平淡而冷漠。
霍尔顿生活在富裕的家庭，在最好的学校读书，但是他却一点都不开心。
“反英雄”经典形象与现实社会的碰撞麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿的反叛方式及缘由
基本内容
在价值观方面，霍尔顿考尔菲德同样表现出矛盾。尽管他抨击虚伪的成人世 界，但他自身也无法完全摆脱现实的束缚。他渴望追求纯真和善良，却又无法抗 拒诱惑，滑向堕落。这种内心的挣扎突显出霍尔顿考尔菲德在成长过程中的困惑 和无奈。
基本内容
综上所述，霍尔顿考尔菲德是一个充满矛盾的人物。他的复杂个性充分展现 出青少年在成长过程中的挣扎和困惑。《麦田里的守望者》通过霍尔顿考尔菲德 这一角色，向读者呈现了一个真实而复杂的世界。这部小说让我们思考了青少年 成长过程中所面临的挑战以及如何在虚伪与真实、叛逆与善良之间找到平衡。通 过深入剖析霍尔顿考尔菲德的复杂个性，我们能够更好地理解这部作品的内涵和 价值。
基本内容
当反英雄形象遇到现实社会，往往会引发强烈的冲突。霍尔顿在现实中面临 着种种困境。他的行为和言辞在常人眼中显得离经叛道，而他的反抗方式也显得 过于偏激。然而，正是这种对立的冲突，使得霍尔顿的反叛形象深入人心。他对 现实社会的反抗，唤醒了人们对于传统价值观的反思，激励着我们去追求更为真 实、自由的生活。
基本内容
霍尔顿的妹妹菲比是他生命中的一道亮光。她是霍尔顿心中唯一真实和纯洁 的存在，也是他保护的对象。霍尔顿害怕成人世界会对菲比造成不好的影响，因 此他扮演着一个“麦田里的守望者”的角色，试图保护菲比免受他所认为的虚伪 和迂腐的影响。
基本内容
《麦田里的守望者》展示了20世纪50年代美国社会的文化背景。这个时期， 美国正处于冷战的阴影下，社会氛围紧张，人们的精神生活空虚。霍尔顿的反抗 和孤独是这个时代的象征。他对于权威的质疑和对于成人世界的反叛，表达了当 时很多青少年的心声。
基本内容
霍尔顿的反叛方式多种多样，包括语言、行为和思想等方面。他的语言充满 了粗俗和讽刺，直接挑战了当时的社会规范。他的行为更是离经叛道，诸如逃学、 反抗老师等。然而，他的反叛不仅仅表现在外在的行为上，更体现在他的思想上。 他以孤独、自由和真实的追求，挑战了当时的社会传统观念，揭示了成人世界的 虚伪和假象。
《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿的反叛方式及原因
小说《麦田里的守望者》的主人公霍尔顿是一个不折不扣的“反英雄”式代表。
他厌倦、痛恨成人世界的假恶丑，却无力改变这种现状，于是，他只得选择放纵、堕落、自暴自弃，以“虚伪”和“撒谎”的方式去反抗现实社会的虚伪和“假模假式”，在绝望之余，他选择了逃避现实，皈依自然。
霍尔顿“反英雄”式反叛方式所蕴含的内涵对于当今社会具有深刻的启迪意义1951 年问世的《麦田里的守望者》是杰罗姆·戴维·塞林格一生中最富代表性的一部长篇小说，它虽然只有十几万字，却在美国产生了巨大的影响，被许多文学评论家誉为反叛迂腐与虚伪的“现代经典小说”。
作者通过细腻而深刻的语言，以第一人称叙述形式描绘了一个十六岁少年在离开学校和家庭的三天中，独自闯荡成人世界的心路历程，小说塑造的主人公霍尔顿以其圣洁天真的本能和敏感对成人世界的虚伪、欺诈、堕落、无知、冷漠表现出了极大的反感与反叛，是一个孤独的桀骜不驯的具有强烈鲜明反抗性格的当代美国青年形象，它“几乎大大地影响了好几代美国青年”。
①正如美国文艺评论家大卫·盖洛威所说，“霍尔顿是西方现代社会的代表，同时也是现代社会的批评者”，他所表现出的强烈的反抗情绪更是一个不折不扣的“‘反英雄’的代表”。
[ 1 ]一、霍尔顿的反叛方式( 一) 以“自暴自弃”方式反叛现实社会。
按照传统的世俗观点，主人公霍尔顿其言语谈吐、行为举止、服饰着装都近乎一个十足的“疯子”。
他身穿晴雨两用风衣，头戴一顶红色鸭舌帽，还把鸭舌转到脑后。
他满嘴脏话，全是“他妈的”、“混账”、“杂种”等词语。
他挥金如土、大手大脚，如小说所说，“我在约莫两个混账星期里已经花掉了一个国王的收入”，“一点不假，我天生是个败家子。
有了钱不是花掉，就是丢掉。
有多半时间我甚至都会在饭馆里或夜总会里忘记拿找给我的钱”。
更疯狂的是，十六岁的霍尔顿酗酒抽烟，“一天里约莫抽了整整三条烟”，乃至“有点儿喘不过气来，呼吸短得要命”，他还得一个劲地抽。
麦田里的守望者
霍尔顿人物形象分析一：霍尔顿形象特征1外在特征：霍尔顿出生在一个中产阶级家庭里，年纪才16却比平常人高出一个头，，整日穿着风衣，戴着猎帽，游游荡荡，不愿读书。
在读者心中留下深刻印象的应该是他那顶红色的猎人帽。
霍尔顿表面看起来是一个讲粗话、抽烟、喝酒、乱谈恋爱甚至找妓女，简直就是个糟糕透顶“坏孩子”1.1戴红色猎人帽的男孩：红色猎人帽是塞林格用来刻画人物的而一个重要手段，霍尔顿对红色猎人帽情有独钟，随身携带，爱不释手，戴上摘下。
猎人帽已成为霍尔顿的一个重要标志。
据统计，红色猎人帽在书中出现里十四次，从这可以看出作者对猎人帽的独具匠心。
从红色猎人帽象征着霍尔顿有着三重身份即：叛逆者、遁世着、守望者。
主人公爱在冬天穿风衣时，倒戴鸭舌帽，这样显示了他的与众不同，帽子不仅作为装饰物还赋予了它新的武器，抵御社会的侵袭，此处暗指了霍尔顿是一个叛逆者的形象。
倒戴鸭舌帽就体现出了霍尔顿是个胆小、懦弱的人，在他的舍友公然约他的女朋友，他也无可奈何，这就体现了霍尔顿消极的逃避现实。
红色意味着警示之意，霍尔顿曾说他想做一个麦田里的守望者，当孩子们在麦田里游戏，有可能跌落山崖的时候，就把他们抓住【略论-麦田里的守望者红色猎人帽的象征意义。
王丽巢湖学院外语系】1.2 沾染社会恶习的坏学生：霍尔顿是一个出身在富裕中产阶级家庭的十六岁少年。
他的父母按照成人世界的价值观将他送到收费昂贵的潘西预科学校读书。
但在霍尔顿看来,潘西“确实是个阴森可怕的”、“糟糕透顶的学校”。
校长是最“假仁假义”的杂种,教职员也都是“假模假式”的伪君子。
他的同学要么是整天只知道追逐女性、疯狂酗酒的浪荡子,要么就是难得涮牙、指甲随处剪的邋遢鬼。
生活在这个环境里,霍尔顿“真是苦闷极了”,“寂寞得要命”。
学习成绩因此也一塌糊涂,除英文外,其余四门功课均不及格,落得个第四次被开除的结局。
【来自网友的分析】2 内在特征：霍尔顿表面看起来是一个“坏孩子”的形象，但是他其实也有纯朴、善良的一面。
《麦田里的守望者》中的青春叛逆体现在哪里
《麦田里的守望者》中的青春叛逆体现在哪里《＜麦田里的守望者>中的青春叛逆体现在哪里》《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格创作的一部经典长篇小说，书中主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德的形象深入人心，他所展现出的青春叛逆引起了无数读者的共鸣与思考。
首先，霍尔顿的言语和行为充满了对成人世界的反感与反抗。
他在学校里的成绩不佳，多次被退学，这并非因为他智力不足，而是他对学校那种刻板、教条式的教育模式感到厌倦和排斥。
他觉得学校里的老师大多是虚伪、功利的，只关注成绩和表面的规矩，而不关心学生的内心世界。
他直言不讳地批评老师和学校的种种不合理之处，比如他认为校长是个“假模假式的家伙”，这种直接而激烈的表达正是他叛逆性格的鲜明体现。
其次，霍尔顿在人际交往中也表现出强烈的叛逆。
他与同学之间的关系紧张，认为他们大多是肤浅、庸俗的。
他不屑于参与那些为了迎合他人而进行的社交活动，对于所谓的“流行”和“合群”嗤之以鼻。
在他眼中，那些热衷于追求时尚、热衷于社交攀比的同学是失去了自我、随波逐流的。
他宁愿独自一人，也不愿与这些他认为“虚伪”的人为伍。
这种对主流社交模式的拒绝，反映了他内心深处对传统观念的挑战和对真实自我的坚守。
再者，霍尔顿的着装和形象选择也是一种叛逆的表现。
他总是戴着一顶红色的猎帽，穿着破旧的衣服，这种与众不同的打扮并非为了追求时尚，而是他对社会规范和审美标准的无视。
他通过这种独特的外在形象来表达自己与主流社会的格格不入，展现出对传统审美和形象塑造的反抗。
此外，霍尔顿对于家庭的态度也充满了叛逆色彩。
他觉得父母不理解他，只关注他的学业成绩和外在表现，而忽略了他内心的困惑和痛苦。
他对哥哥 DB 去好莱坞写剧本赚钱的行为感到失望，认为那是对文学艺术的亵渎和对商业利益的屈服。
他在家庭中感到孤独和无助，无法找到真正的支持和理解，这种家庭关系的紧张进一步加剧了他的叛逆情绪。
更重要的是，霍尔顿的内心世界充满了矛盾和挣扎。
积极面对现实的反英雄——霍尔顿形象另种解读
积极面对现实的反英雄——霍尔顿形象另种解读
陈雪琴
【期刊名称】《魅力中国》
【年(卷),期】2009(0)A03
【摘要】《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿是文学史上的反英雄形象之一,然而霍尔顿并非传统意义上的反英雄,他与其他反英雄形象最大的不同之处在于他是一个积极面对现实的反英雄。
本文从霍尔顿直面环境的惨淡、性的苦闷和直面童真的流逝三个方面,分析了霍尔顿不同于传统意义上的反英雄之处,从而重新认识霍尔顿作为特殊历史背景下的反英雄所具有的个性和价值。
【总页数】2页(P116-117)
【关键词】霍尔顿;反英雄;环境;性;童真
【作者】陈雪琴
【作者单位】华中师范大学文学院
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】I712
【相关文献】
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2.论《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的“反英雄”形象 [J], 杜磊
3.反英雄形象视角下《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿形象研究 [J], 张建花
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[收稿日期] 2009 01 09[作者简介] 焦玲玲,女,牡丹江师范学院教师,研究方向:比较文学与世界文学。
时代的叛逆者 霍尔顿形象分析焦 玲 玲(牡丹江师范学院,黑龙江牡丹江157012)[摘 要] 塞林格凭借 麦田里的守望者!一举成名,其笔下的主人公霍尔顿是一位时代的叛逆者。
本文就叛逆的时代、叛逆的作者和叛逆的霍尔顿形象进行了分析,阐述了内心充满矛盾时代的叛逆者霍尔顿不能与人沟通,以至于逃离学校、家庭、社会,最终走向精神崩溃的历程。
[关键词] 霍尔顿;时代;叛逆者[中图分类法]I095.712 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1003-6121(2009)02-0029-021951年美籍犹太裔作家塞林格出版了他的长篇小说 麦田里的守望者!,并由此成为美国文坛中的著名作家。
小说是主人公霍尔顿在精神病院对他的精神分析医生讲述的故事,是出身富裕的中产阶级家庭的16岁少年霍尔顿,在他第四次被学校开除之后,不敢贸然回家,只身在美国最繁华的城市纽约游荡了一天两夜。
他看不惯社会中的种种虚伪丑陋,无法忍受现实生活中发生的一切,幻想做一名麦田里的守望者,守护孩子免于坠入虚伪社会的深渊,甚至想逃离这个虚伪的现实世界,逃离学校、家庭、社会,他苦闷、彷徨,最后彻底崩溃,住进了精神病院。
本文就霍尔顿生活的时代背景加以论述,进而分析霍尔顿形象的典型意义。
一、叛逆的时代二战后,西方非理性主义思潮广泛传入美国,∀非理性的#这个术语,通常含有∀为理性所不能理解的#、∀用逻辑概念所不能表达的#等涵义。
非理性主义往往将理性同直观、直觉、本能等对立起来。
非理性主义源自叔本华、尼采的哲学,强调对个体原始生命力的肯定和张扬,对僵硬、呆板的工具理性的鞭挞,对虚伪空洞、窒息人性的秩序性价值观念的摒弃,非理性主义否定或限制理性在认识中的作用。
叔本华宣扬无意识的意志,断言理性和科学不适用于道德范围;尼采宣扬∀权力意志#论,鼓吹非道德主义;柏格森宣扬直觉;存在主义宣扬存在不是客体而是主体,∀存在先于本质#,否认道德规律的客观性,等等。
这些都是非理性主义的表现。
从总体上说非理性主义是精神危机的哲学,但它把人作为研究的主体和主要内容,高扬主题性,在某种意义上体现了现代人的意义和精神,具有积极的意义。
霍尔顿的孤独、焦虑的情绪,逃避与叛逆的行为即是与这种时代背景和理论基础相符合的。
霍尔顿这一叛逆形象的出现即是塞林格在物质富裕时,对把握人的生命在历史进程中的地位的思考。
二战后美国人民的不安、苦闷、孤独及对传统的叛逆等情绪在他的这部作品中有着鲜明的反映。
生命个体性的存在和对这一信念的极端捍卫、追寻,使他们成了另类的叛逆者。
这些青年叛逆者成为∀垮掉的一代#。
麦田里的守望者!创作于1951年,正是∀垮掉的一代#运动兴起时,是社会转型期和非理性主义哲学在文学中的反映。
二、叛逆的作者麦田里的守望者!的作者塞林格也很具有传奇性。
他1919年出生于纽约,父亲是做奶酪和火腿进口生意的犹太商人,家境相当富裕。
他早年在纽约和宾夕法尼亚州一带求学,15岁进入军校学习。
作品中的关于寄宿学校的描写,很大一部分是以军校为背景的。
通过塞林格对霍尔顿求学的潘西中学的描绘,可以看出塞林格在军校里的生活:虚伪的校长、蠢笨的教师、陈旧的教学、肮脏的宿舍、玩世不恭的学生∃∃塞林格在这样的环境里学习,远离家庭,缺少父母的关爱,内心充满着孤独、苦闷。
第二次世界大战期间他随美军驻欧洲从事情报工作,1946年返回美国,塞林格在军校学习期间就开始了写作生涯。
1951年发表的 麦田里的守望者!反映了在高度文明和商业化的美国现代社会里,人所处的孤立的处境,形象地再现了20世纪50年代美国青少年的迷惘心理,表达了作者精神上的追求以及对当时美国社会普遍存在的物质至上主义的批判。
塞林格以细腻深刻的笔法剖析了霍尔顿的复杂心理,对他的理想与现实冲突这一心理加以分析。
在塞林格的笔下,霍尔顿是一个不求上进、放纵、寻求刺激但又心地善良纯洁的∀反英雄#形象。
小说的主人公霍尔顿%考菲尔德是一个年仅16岁性格矛盾复杂的男孩。
一方面,他玩世不恭,不肯读书,不求上进,满口粗言秽语,抽烟、酗酒、打架,甚至找妓女玩,是一位十足的不良少年;另一方面,他又有着一颗纯洁善良、追求美好生活和崇高理想的童心。
其实塞林格不过是借助霍尔顿来表达他自己内心的孤独、焦虑、厌世与叛逆。
塞林格出生在犹太商人家庭,这也是他独特的印记。
在犹太人的思想里,他们流浪了几个世纪,没有栖身之所,没有故国家园,受人歧视。
流浪到了美国,犹太人大部分物质生活困苦,精神生活遭冷遇,始终寄人篱下。
犹太人中有些经过拼搏,经济地位大大改善,但精神家园始终荒芜。
此外,根据犹太人的宗教信仰,认为只有上帝的永恒世界才是29 2009年第2期牡丹江师范学院学报(哲社版)N o.2,2009(总第150期)Jo urnal of M udanjiang N or mal U niv ersityT o tal N o.150真实的世界,人世间充满了痛苦,是个异化变形的世界。
生活在美国的社会环境中,塞林格和一些犹太作家一样不自觉地避免同本民族的文化进行交往,但是骨子里却继承了犹太哲学化的思维定势。
塞林格作为犹太人,虽然家庭富裕,衣食无忧,但民族遭遇在他的思想上烙上了深深的印记 精神上苦闷、厌世。
这种民族文化心理牢牢嵌入到他的无意识中,并化入麦田里的守望者!中。
塞林格有其独特性,即不把目标投向犹太的教义,也不投向西方哲学,而是对东方哲学有浓厚的兴趣。
塞林格研究东方哲学,后来又研究耶稣主祷文。
他的哲学思想转变为本质先于存在,人生观也转向了唯心主义。
从此,作家笔下就开始描写现代人的精神苦闷和存在的痛苦,面对这些痛苦以逃避和超脱的方式来解决。
不仅是在作品中,作家生活中也是这样一种逃避的生活态度。
成名后塞林格退隐到新罕布什尔州乡间,在河边小山附近买下土地,但只在山顶上筑一所小屋,周围种上许多树木,外面栏上六英尺半高的铁丝网,网上还装有报警器。
小说主人公霍尔顿的人生理想是想做一个又聋又哑的人遁迹世外,塞林格本人平时深居简出,不跟人交往,这也证明了他对这个社会的否定态度。
三、叛逆的霍尔顿塞林格军校毕业后,子承父业经商,可是两个月后就放弃了。
其后,塞林格开始了求学路,可先后进了三个学院都没毕业。
究其原因,美国学校是封闭式的管理,脱离现实,教材陈旧,个性压抑。
塞林格不愿调整自己适应学校的教育制度,所以他像霍尔顿一样孤独、焦虑、叛逆。
霍尔顿学习生活的潘西,像在他从前上过的学校一样。
他觉得自己在潘西被一群所谓的假模假式的伪君子包围着,认为这确实是个阴森可怖的学校,不管你从哪个角度看它,对于霍尔顿来说是个地狱,而整个美国的教育制度要他做的就是读书,求学问,出人头地,以便将来可以买辆∀混账的凯迪拉克#。
同学之间总有一层隔膜,彼此不能诚心实意地往来,双方无法逾越他们之间的精神壁垒。
物质生活优越的霍尔顿,精神生活却是极度贫乏的,在人文关怀上是缺失的。
在霍尔顿心中,家长不关心他的精神生活,只是按照自己的意愿把他送到贵族学校,一旦有所违背,家长就会要了他的半条命。
当他再次被学校开除后,他不敢回家,也没人商量。
从某个角度上来说,亲人形同虚设,他成了精神上的孤儿。
文中描述霍尔顿呼唤妈妈,觉得一切都这样的黑,需要妈妈的手。
这一段描述发人深省,道出了他的孤寂和内心中对亲情的渴望。
小说中,有两个典型环境表现了霍尔顿的孤寂,潘西中学和纽约。
从潘西中学就开始精神流浪,到纽约也是一样的精神流浪,显示出了霍尔顿的极端孤寂。
所以有了小说开头的一幕:几乎全校的人都在球场上观看橄榄球赛,只有霍尔顿一个人离群索居,高高地站在山顶。
所有的这一切都表明了霍尔顿无法融入潘西中学所代表的主流社会。
小说的另一个情节是霍尔顿对鸭子过冬的关注,他一次次提及,有两次是他向出租汽车司机打听,还有一次是他喝醉后,半夜里独自一人乘车到中央公园,为了寻找野鸭,险些掉进湖里淹死,可见霍尔顿是多么向往并憧憬与大自然融为一体的生活,他唯一的心愿便是做一名麦田里的守望者。
麦田象征着霍尔顿精神的庇护所,是纯真和爱。
他想象中的守望者就是能防止自己跌入世俗世界。
对物质的追求取代了精神,单维度的物质发展,最终导致了人们精神的危机,人们开始对整个世界感到焦虑、困惑和绝望。
综上所述,麦田里的守望者!是当代美国文学中表现青年叛逆主题的作品之一。
本文从叛逆的时代、叛逆的作者和叛逆的霍尔顿形象分析,表达了作者反抗人性异化、渴望人性复归的美好愿望,展开了对于美国这个被物质异化了的∀非人#的社会的深刻批判和揭露。
[参考文献][1]塞林格.麦田里的守望者[M].南京:南京译林出版社,1999.[2]童庆炳.文学艺术与社会心理学[M].北京:北京高等教育出版社,1997.[3]杨任敬.20世纪美国文学史[M].青岛:青岛出版社,2000.[4]邓炎昌.现代美国社会与文化[M].北京:北京高等教育出版社,1988.[5]李斯编.垮掉的一代[M].海口:海口出版社,1996.[6]莫里斯%迪克斯坦.伊甸园之门[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1996.[7]黄明哲.梦想与尘世:二十世纪美国文化[M].上海:东方出版社,1999.[8]郑克鲁.外国文学史(下)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.[责任编辑]何春雨Era Traitor Holden Image AnalysisJAO LinglingAbstract:Saling er by v irtue of∀T he Cat cher in the R ye#fame,and its main cha racter descr ibed by H o lden is a t raito r era.I n this paper,the er a of tr easo n,rebellio n and treason,autho r of the H olden imag e analy sis,described the hear t o f the times full of contradictio ns traitor H olden can no t co mmunicate wit h the people that f led the schoo l,family,so ciety,and ultimate ly to the spir it o f the co llapse of the course.Key words:Ho lden;age;traitor30。