试析《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象
《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿人物形象分析 霍尔顿是个怎样的人
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《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析
《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析发布时间：2021-12-07T05:36:38.907Z 来源：《教育研究》2021年12月中35期作者：陈姣姣[导读] 霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。
本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。
将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。
同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。
西安外事学院陈姣姣摘要：霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。
本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。
将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。
同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。
关键词: 霍尔顿;人物形象;性格前言《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格的代表作，从这部世界知名的作品中，我们可以看到作者通过细腻的笔触为我们塑造了一位具有复杂且矛盾的独特性格的主人公。
显然，上述塑造人物的方式并不是塞林格独创的，最早在上世纪初期，海明威等一些作家在创作有关战争对青少年心理影响的作品时，此类小说的着手点就是叙述战争对青少年产生的伤害。
和海明威等人的作品不同的是，即便《麦田里的守望者》也重点叙述战争对青少年的现实影响，但其更加关注主人公性格中叛逆和反抗精神的叙述，本文主要基于《麦田里的守望者》主人公的复杂性格开展全面且详细的探究，同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以及对当前社会发展和个人成长带来积极的影响。
一、《麦田里的守望者》人物性格（一）积极向上的性格特点1.追求纯真理想由于霍尔顿与丑陋的世界作斗争，他对社会的腐败和虚伪感到失望。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作，全书通过主人公霍尔顿的视角展现了一个叛逆、犹豫不决、思想敏感的青少年形象。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格是小说的一大亮点，他既具有叛逆不羁的一面，又深藏着对世界的关爱和对美好的追寻。
本文将对霍尔顿的矛盾性格进行分析，探讨他在小说中的内心世界和行为举止。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格体现在他对世界的态度上。
他痛恨虚伪和虚假，对身边的人和事都持有质疑的态度。
他不愿意接受社会的规范和道德准则，对学校的体制、老师的教导以及同学的行为都持有抵触情绪。
与此霍尔顿又对世界充满了关怀和理想。
他对妹妹菲莉丝的关爱和保护是最好的证明，他希望菲莉丝能够保持纯真和天真，不被社会的丑恶所侵蚀。
霍尔顿的这种矛盾性格表现了他内心深处对美好和善良的追求，同时也在不断地对世界提出质疑和挑战。
霍尔顿在情感世界中的矛盾性格也是显著的。
他常常表现出冷漠和不关心的一面，对外界的事物和人都持有一种漠然的态度。
他经常用“什么玩意儿”、“怎么个糟糕”等词语来形容周围的人和事，显得非常冷漠和不屑。
当他遇到了真正感兴趣的事物和人时，他又表现出过分关心和热情。
他对菲莉丝的关爱是最好的例证，他虽然不停地责怪她幼稚和不懂事，却又对她关心备至，不愿让她受到任何伤害。
霍尔顿对自己情感世界的矛盾表现了他对真善美的追求和对丑恶的拒绝，也表现了他在成长过程中的迷茫与挣扎。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格还体现在他对理想和现实的矛盾上。
他对理想的追求和对现实的妥协一直是他内心斗争的焦点。
他希望能够守护麦田里的孩子，阻止他们掉进温室玻璃碎片那一侧的深渊。
他不满于现实的世界，认为这个世界充满了虚伪和堕落。
他却无法完全逃避现实，不得不应对社会的压力和人际关系。
这种理想与现实的矛盾使得霍尔顿的内心更加纠结和扭曲，他时常陷入迷茫和彷徨之中。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格在行为举止中也得到了体现。
他常常表现出叛逆不羁的性格，对权威和规则持有质疑和反抗的态度。
叛逆与成长：《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象剖析
叛逆与成长：《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象剖析一、《麦田里的守望者》简介《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格创作于1951年的小说，被誉为20世纪最重要的作品之一。
小说以第一人称叙述方式呈现，主要讲述了十六岁少年霍尔顿·考菲尔德在纽约度过一个周末，并且揭示了他对社会虚伪和人性善恶的思考。
二、霍尔顿·考菲尔德的叛逆性格1. 反对社会假象霍尔顿对社会虚伪深感厌恶，他嘲笑那些为了个人利益而丧失真实自我的人。
他反抗着虚伪面具所代表的成熟和冷漠，代表着对荒谬行为及其动机达到极限情绪。
> "呆板如石英钟机,设法享有一点私下空间；但你知道老子病毒已感染社会——尤其是市场松复时期、“国家安全（显然是指第二次洲际战争）”百廷争议节。
“ (《麦田里的守望者》)2. 对成人世界的不认同霍尔顿排斥成人世界，认为他们无法理解年轻人内心的真实感受。
他对家长、老师以及社会阶层有非常负面的看法，他无法适应这个伪善与冷漠并存的世界，因此努力寻找一个发泄自我的出口。
> "同时我幻想荒谬无厘头事、踏足外地；新地方、孤独美好。
某些时候我想沿途找个远远离开人类完全见识个反脱离，住农场或训练角斗士。
”(《麦田里的守望者》)3. 保护天真与纯洁霍尔顿认为儿童是纯洁无邪的，他试图将这种纯真保留下来，并愿意为此付出努力。
他认为自己有责任站出来保护那些即将失去天真童真的孩子们。
> “当你跑到在馆员前敏捷婴琵琶声飞，而又知道：完犊子！你傻了。
- 而这短促落胎期。
(《麦田里的守望者》)三、霍尔顿·考菲尔德的成长过程1. 寻找自我认同在矛盾与反叛中，霍尔顿不断尝试寻找自己的定位和认同。
他试图通过观察别人和推敲事物来理解自己。
这个过程是艰难且充满挫折的，但也逐渐帮助他建立了清晰的价值观。
> “其积极与阴暗演技操遥控大有真意之来源_起重机作工需要如果所题材支撑范围召任[边界具备请博格对你拉链扣环采伏共染窗户测试问造}`《麦田里的守望者》)2. 学会接纳现实经历一系列挫折和成长后，霍尔顿逐渐认识到无法永远保持理想与天真童心。
纯朴善良的问题少年——浅析《麦田里的守望者》的主人公霍尔顿
杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格是美国当代最负盛名的 小说家之一，他的成名作《麦田里的守望者》从 １９５１ 年一出版就受到了广大青少年的热烈追捧，赢得了他 们的极大欢迎，由此掀起了一股“塞林格热”。一时间 满口粗话、倒戴红色鸭舌帽的“霍尔顿式”的青少年遍 布美国街头。直至今天，这部小说仍产生着巨大的影 响力，被公认为是美国当代文学中的“现代经典小说” 之一。
三、质朴童真的捍卫者 在霍尔顿心目中，现实世界被划分成了虚伪浮华 的成人世界和纯洁美好的儿童世界。他对即将迈入 的成人世界表现出了极大的抗拒和厌恶。他觉得学 校虚伪可恶，虽然潘西名望较高，可是培养出的学生 全都是伪君子，因 为 他 们 读 书 只 是 为 了 “将 来 买 辆 混 账的凯迪拉 克 ”。［１］１３１“没 有 见 到 任 何 优 秀 的、有 脑 子 的人。也许有那么一两个，可他们很可能在进学校的 时候就是那 样 的 人。”［１］２他 认 为 同 学 们 都 是 伪 君 子， 他讨厌校长，因为校长前倨后恭，对有钱有势的家长 点头哈腰，而对没权没势的家长冷若冰霜、高不可攀。 他讨厌当律师的 父 亲，认 为 父 亲 这 样 的 律 师 “只 为 了 挣许许多多的 钱，打 高 尔 夫 球，打 桥 牌，买 汽 车，摆 臭 架子。”［１］１７１他讨厌母亲，因为母亲神经质：“耳朵尖得 像猎狗……哪怕在西伯利亚咳嗽一声，也逃不过她的 耳朵。”［１］１７３他对身边的一切看不顺眼，却唯独挚爱着 儿童的纯真和天真无邪。在残酷的现实世界中经历 了一次次碰壁后，霍尔顿终于认识到，只有儿童世界 才是纯真美好的，才能在那里找到一直期待的那份自 然、质朴和率 真。 所 以，孩 子 在 书 中 一 直 是 霍 尔 顿 所 钟爱的对象，他喜欢和孩子交往，感觉在他们面前拥 有莫大的轻松和自在。每当谈起他妹妹菲比和已经 死去的弟弟艾里时，霍尔顿总是会流露出一种莫可名 状的喜悦和 高 兴。 在 他 眼 里，妹 妹 菲 比 聪 明 坦 诚、活 泼可爱，集儿童美好的品质于一身，是他心中纯洁女 神的化身。因而把她当成了自己的希望和感情支柱。 当他怀疑自己即将得脑膜炎死去的时候，霍尔顿想到 与之诀别的人不是爸爸妈妈，而是妹妹菲比。妹妹在 他心中的地位可见一斑。特别是当妹妹为了给他解 围，把自己身上所有用来购买圣诞节礼物的零花钱全 递给他的时候，他情不自禁地哭了，为儿童的率真、纯 朴喜极而泣，进而萌生了成为一个麦田的守望者的愿 望。“有那么一群小孩子在一大块麦田里做游戏。几 千几万个小孩子。我呢，就站在那混账的悬崖边。我 的职责就是在那儿守望，要是有哪个孩子往悬崖边奔 来，我就把他捉住。我整天就干这样的事……我只想
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格的代表作。
小说的主人公霍尔顿是一个十七岁的男孩，他经常表现出一种矛盾的性格特征，同时展现出强烈的反叛心态和孤独感。
本文将从以下几个方面对霍尔顿的矛盾性格做一浅析。
一、寻求真实和追求虚幻的矛盾霍尔顿一方面非常珍爱真实，憎恶虚伪，他认为社会上的许多人都是虚伪的，带着面具生活。
但另一方面他也会逃避现实，通过想象来逃避现实，他幻想着有一个神秘的地方，人们在那里不受批判地做自己想做的事情。
这种寻求真实和追求虚幻的矛盾使霍尔顿陷入了孤独和尴尬的境地。
二、爱恨交加的矛盾霍尔顿对周围的人经常表现出爱恨交加的情绪。
他对他的妹妹菲茨刻意保护，但是又不能忍受她成长为一个女人。
他对弟弟艾伦的死感到非常难过，但是又因为父母的反应而感到非常愤怒和失望。
而且，尽管霍尔顿在社会上表现得非常反叛，但他却表现出极度的渴望被别人关心和爱护的渴望，这种矛盾情感也反映了霍尔顿极端复杂内心。
三、明白人和愚蠢人的矛盾霍尔顿非常鄙视那些他认为愚蠢的人，他对他所见到的一些方面的愚蠢的现实表示出强烈的不满和反感。
然而，霍尔顿又非常看重那些他认为是聪明而有才智的人，他喜欢那些独立思考的人，而且往往对那些发现了自己矛盾的人给予极度的尊重。
这种矛盾表明霍尔顿有着相对固定的价值观同时又有许多无法理解和理解的结构和信仰。
“麦田里的守望者”是一本描绘成长期间的人性与社会现实交汇的小说，通过描绘霍尔顿的性格矛盾，展现了一个孩子心态与现实间的巨大裂缝。
霍尔顿内心深处所面对的矛盾，反映人生本身就是一个充满矛盾的过程，是我们从无知到理智，从稚嫩到成熟自我认知的过程。
《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿形象解读
虽然霍 尔顿逃离 了学校 ， 但却无 法逃 离社会 ； 虽 然他流浪在繁华 喧嚣的纽约城 ，但他无法 与周围的 人进行 交流 ， 没有 人理 解他 ， 他依 然是孤 独 的 ， 无论 他逃到 哪里都逃 不开人与人之 间的冷漠和 虚伪 。他 感到一种难 以名状 的 、 刻 骨铭心 的寂 寞 ， 为 了摆脱 这 种可怕 的寂寞 ， 他开始 了复 杂而矛盾 的生活 ， 他 厌恶 成人世界 ， 却不断地 以喝酒 、 鬼混 等各种成人化 的行 为证 明 自己已经成人 ； 他 讨厌 虚伪 、 欺骗 和说 教 ， 却 不 断地 编造谎话 、 训斥 别人 ； 他厌 恶 电影 ， 却不得 不 在 电影院虚度 时光 ； 他讨厌 女友萨丽 的虚荣 ， 却 又与 她搂搂抱抱 ； 他讨厌没有爱 情的性关 系 ， 却在 无聊时 叫来妓女 ； 他向往宁静和真 实的生活 ， 却又沉溺 于浮
一
座大楼 ， 他每次来学校 学生们都会 向他 欢呼致敬 ，
做一 个麦 田里 的守 望者挽救孩 子的纯真 。小说形 象 地再现 了 ２ ０世 纪 ５ ０年代美 国青少年 的迷惘 和成长 困惑 ，性格复杂而又 矛盾 的霍 尔顿 的成长 经历是美
国青少年成长 的缩 影。
一
但霍尔顿却认 为他 是一个卑鄙 无耻 、口是心 非的家 伙。霍尔顿强烈地厌恶和反感成 人世界 ， 更痛恨 自己 即将迈 入这 个社会 ，这 与他渴 望的美 好与天 真 、 做 “ 麦 田里 的守望者 ” 的美好 愿望相 违背 ， 因而在 现实 生活 中。 他显得格格不入 。
二、 理想爱情和纯真友谊 的寻求者
在 冷漠 、 虚伪 的现实生活 中 ， 霍尔顿渴望得 到纯 真的友谊和理想 的爱情。霍尔顿有 一顶红色 的猎人
学校里 的一切 都是骗人 的 ， 是 不诚实 的 ， 是被 宠坏 的 孩子 的收 容所 ， 周围“ 全 都是伪君 子” ， 学生们 愚昧麻 木， 整天无所事事 ， 只知 道谈论女人 、 酒； 校长 是一个 可怕 的势 利眼 ； 就连谆 谆教导 、 与他 关系十分融 洽 的 老教 师斯 宾塞先生也是 一个同性恋 者。这一切 都使
麦田里的守望者霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的反叛与迷茫
麦田里的守望者霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的反叛与迷茫麦田里的守望者：霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的反叛与迷茫霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德是《麦田里的守望者》一书的主人公，他以他特立独行、不合群的性格而闻名。
这一特点使他在人际关系中感到困惑和迷茫，同时也让他成为了一位具有强烈反叛意识的角色。
本文将探讨霍尔顿的反叛心理与他所面临的迷茫状况。
1. 反叛的决定霍尔顿对于社会中许多普遍被接受的行为和观念持批判态度，他拒绝接受虚伪、浮华的社交规范，认为这些都是对个体真实自我的伤害。
他反对权威与体制，对于虚伪的教育体制表示不满。
霍尔顿对学校生活和社会套路的反感，迫使他离开康奎恩学校，进入纽约城寻求自我。
2. 孤独感与迷茫随着霍尔顿逐渐摆脱了学校的束缚，他发现自己处于一种孤独的状态中。
他对世界感到陌生，他无法找到与他交流的人，感到无法融入社会。
这种孤独感带来了他的迷茫，他开始怀疑人生的意义和自己的存在的价值。
3. 霍尔顿的逃避行动为了逃避现实中的压力和冲突，霍尔顿常常采取逃避和掩饰的策略。
他选择留在纽约城，过一种无责任、无目的的生活，逃避与人建立深层次关系的挑战和痛苦。
他担心人与人之间的交往会剥夺了他的真实性和纯粹性。
4. 对儿童的关怀尽管霍尔顿很不满成人的虚伪，但是他对儿童表达了一种独特的关怀和热爱。
他把儿童看作是纯洁和真实的，他希望能够保护和守护他们免受成人世界的伤害。
这种对幼小生命的关怀也反映了他内心对纯真和真实的追求。
5. 反叛和成长霍尔顿的反叛行为不仅是对虚伪和成人社会的抗争，也是他成长和寻找真实自我的过程。
他逐渐认识到，无论他逃避与人建立真实关系的痛苦与困惑，他都无法真正逃离社会和现实的束缚。
他渐渐明白，真实的自我只能通过与他人的联系和体验中找到。
6. 对未来的迷茫尽管霍尔顿从一开始就表现出对社会人际关系的迷茫，但他对自己未来的方向也感到困惑。
他在纽约城度过的那几天里，没有找到自己真正的归宿和目标。
他感叹于成人世界的虚伪与荒谬，但又无法将自己完全脱离。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的一部经典小说，主角霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德是一个充满矛盾性格的人物。
本文将从叙述霍尔顿的性格特点、分析其矛盾行为的表现以及探讨对其矛盾性格的原因等方面，对霍尔顿的矛盾性格进行浅析。
霍尔顿的性格特点可以归纳为两个方面：一是情感敏感，容易感到孤独和失落；二是反叛、叛逆。
他对社会普遍价值观和现实不满，反感虚伪、假装和不真实的社交场合。
因此，他渴望真实和纯粹的情感，但与此同时，他又有一种懒惰、自私和悲观的情绪，不知道如何让自己脱离心理上的孤独和痛苦。
在小说中，霍尔顿的矛盾性格通过他的行为表现得淋漓尽致。
首先，在社交场合下他表现出了矛盾的心态。
他看不起那些爱慕虚荣的人，但自身却也有虚荣心，一方面拒绝与人交往，另一方面却又不离不弃地留在一个一直拒绝他的姑娘身边。
此外，霍尔顿深知自己孤独，但又不愿尝试去改变这种状态，因为他认为人与人之间的联系往往都是虚假、假装。
其次，霍尔顿的矛盾性格在他的价值观和行为之间的冲突上表现得特别突出。
他对诚实真实的东西充满热情，但却常常撒谎和隐藏真相；反感被动消极，却又不肯主动采取行动去扭转自己的局面。
他反对机械化的思维和生活，希望保有个性自由，但他自己却常常被极端思想所左右，失去了理性判断和独立思考的能力。
针对霍尔顿矛盾性格的原因，可能涉及到身世、成长环境、人格、爱情等多个方面的原因。
从身世和成长环境方面来看，霍尔顿的家庭离异，父母缺席，失去妹妹后他更感孤独，因此在一定程度上影响了他的心理健康和社会交往能力。
另外，霍尔顿的人格有些极端，情感上善感多虑，青春期的年龄阶段常伴随着情绪波动，使他更容易出现矛盾情绪和行为。
最后，爱情对霍尔顿来说是显而易见的，他对同龄女孩有着强烈的欲望和情感需求，但在实际交往过程中阻碍了他实现自己的价值观和理想。
总的来说，霍尔顿的矛盾性格是一种复杂和多面性格，它既高度表现了主人公的独立和反叛，又体现出了他对社会的不满和对现实与理想的落差感知。
《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的性格分析
《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的性格分析小说《麦田里的守望者》的主人公霍尔顿作为一位十六岁的大孩子，在一个物欲横流、虚伪冷酷的世界中，性格既有叛逆和怯弱的一面，又有善良和童真的一面。
他看透成人的“假模假式”，但自己的追寻却一次次的失败。
本文阐述了内心充满矛盾的霍尔顿在物质条件丰富精神生活空虚匮乏下所表现出的双面性格。
标签：麦田里的守望者；霍尔顿；双重性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国现代作家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格的代表作，发表于1951年，是塞林格唯一一部长篇小说。
全书以出身美国中产阶级家庭的16岁中学生霍尔顿·考尔德的口吻叙述自己的所思所想、所见所闻和行为举止，也以一个青少年的眼光批判了成人世界的虚伪面目和欺骗行径。
塞林格运用现实主义笔触生动细致地描绘了青春期少年的苦闷彷徨、孤独愤世的精神世界，塑造了美国当代文学中最早的反英雄形象之一。
为了更好地解读这部伟大的小说，本文尝试着分析霍尔顿性格中相互矛盾的特点。
一、霍尔顿的叛逆和怯弱要分析霍尔顿的性格就必须和当时的社会现实相联系。
20世纪50年代美国社会高度繁荣，物质文化成为人们生活中的主导潮流。
人们因为盲目的追求物质上的成功而丧失了原有的精神追求。
第二次世界大战后，美国统治集团对外实施冷战政策，对内实行法西斯式的欺骗宣传和恐怖政策。
在臭名昭著的麦卡锡主义的思想统治下，人民民主权利遭到严重的威胁，许多知识分子受到迫害。
于是，许多青年便摆脱了崇高信仰，失去了生活的目标，“只想勉勉强强混日子，追求麻醉、安慰和娱乐”——“吃饭、喝酒、聊天、跳舞、打架、恋爱、睡觉”[1]，沉浸在“垮掉的一代”所津津乐道的生活方式中。
霍尔顿代表了美国20世纪50年代城市青年的苦闷和彷徨，在他身上凝聚着“垮掉的一代”的许多特征。
塞林格笔下的霍尔顿形象更多的是灰色基调，在霍尔顿身上表现出种种的叛逆行为。
他厌恶学校，厌弃读书，自暴自弃，四次被学校开除，并混迹于酒吧、舞厅、电影院、夜总会之间。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作之一，书中的主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德被认为是一个充满矛盾性格的人物。
霍尔顿既渴望表现出自己的成熟和坚定，又将自己隐藏在反叛和冷漠的外表之下。
这种矛盾性格使得霍尔顿成为一个备受争议的人物，在文学界和读者中引发了许多的讨论。
霍尔顿具有一种反叛的本性，他不愿意遵从任何规则和约束。
在书中，霍尔顿对学校和社会的规矩表示了极大的反感，他认为这些规矩都是虚伪的和无聊的。
他对校长、老师和同学都怀有敌意，对于他们的做法和说辞都持有怀疑和鄙视的态度。
这种反叛的本性在霍尔顿的言行中表现的淋漓尽致，他总是试图挑战既定的秩序和权威，甚至不惜为此付出代价。
与此霍尔顿的反叛也暴露出他内心深处的渴望被理解和被认同的渴望。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格还表现在他对生活的态度上。
他在书中经常表现出一种悲观和消极的情绪，对人生的意义和目标并没有一个明确的认识。
他对周围的环境和人际关系都持有极大的怀疑和不信任，似乎对一切都持有消极的看法。
当他谈到自己的妹妹菲莉丝时，霍尔顿的态度却又截然不同。
他对菲莉丝有一种特殊的情感，他对她充满了关爱和呵护的情感，希望她永远保持着纯真和善良。
这种对菲莉丝的独特感情暴露出了霍尔顿内心深处的渴望被爱和被理解的心理需求。
霍尔顿在言行中还表现出矛盾的幼稚和成熟。
他经常表现出一种孩子气的面孔，对于现实和未来都抱有一种天真的想法。
他容易感到孤独和虚弱，经常陷入消沉和自怜之中。
与此他又有着一种成熟和坚定的一面，面对生活的困难和压力时，他能够保持镇定和坚强，以一种超出年龄的方式面对挑战和困难。
这种幼稚和成熟的矛盾性格使得霍尔顿成为一个富有争议的人物，在读者中引发了广泛的讨论。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格使得他成为一个备受争议的人物，他的言行在某种程度上反映了现代青少年的内心挣扎和矛盾。
他对规则的反叛、对生活的悲观和对自我的矛盾，都具有一种现实意义。
《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析
《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析《麦田守望者》主人公霍尔顿人物形象分析黑体小二号居中，单倍行距摘要霍尔顿是塞林格著名的文学作品《麦田里的守望者》里的小主人公，也是当时美国年轻人的代表人物。
显而易见，形象鲜活的霍尔顿给各个时代的读者都带来了深深地震撼。
本文将着重分析研究霍尔顿的个性特征。
主人公所处的现实社会是矛盾的、对立的。
“假模假样”是这部小说中的一个经典词语，也是主人公常用的词语。
本文将从霍尔顿矛盾性格对立的角度,对他的两方面个性特征进行分析，包括其个性中的反叛性以及其坚守纯真,追求幸福的崇高愿望。
同时探究主人公霍尔顿矛盾性格形成的成因，从社会环境和教育环境两个维度来解读，以期能探索其性格形成的根源。
为了让读者能够更深入的了解主人公和第二次世界大战后美国的社会现状，及作品背后蕴藏的深意，本文对霍尔顿这个具有代表性的人物形象作了深刻的剖析。
关键词: 纯真；性格分析；假模假样；反叛Abstract Holden is the youngprotagonist of the famous literary w orks “The Catcher in the Rye“, which is written by Salinger. At the same time, Holden also represents the youth of American at that time. It is obvious that the vivid image of Holden profoundly impacts all its readers. This thesis will focus on analyzing the personality characteristics of Holden. The real society in which the protagonist lives is contradictory and antagonistic. “Phony“ is a classic words in the novel, and it is also commonly used by the protagonist. It vividly described social hypocrisy and ugliness in the eyes of Holden. This article will analyze Holden’s contradictory character from two aspects, including the rebelliousness in his personality and his noble ideals of defending for purity and chasing happiness. Meanwhile, this paper also explores causes that formed Holden’s contradictory personality by analyzing social and environmental factors, aiming to find out the root of his character. In order to give the reader a deeper understanding on the protagonist, the social situation of the United States after in the Second World War, and the profound meaning behind the works, this article makes a profound analysis on the representative image of Holden. Key words: Purity; personality analysis; phony; rebel Contents 摘要ⅰAbstract ⅱContents ⅲChapterOne Introduction 2 1.1 Holden Caulfield 2 1.2 The Author and the Significance of the Novel 2 Chapter Tow Holden—the Innocent image in The Catcher in the Rye 2 2.1 Holden — A Young Man Loving Pure Childhood Time 2 2.2 Holden--A Patron God for Children 2 2.2.1 The Ideal Eden 2 2.2.2 A Catcher 2 Chapter Three A Rebel Resenting the World 2 3.1 A Rebel against Mundane Affairs 2 3.1.1 A Rebel against the School 2 3.1.2 A Symbol for the Rebel— Red Hunter Cap 2 3.2 Evading in the Revolt 2 3.3 Growing in the Revolt 2 Chapter Four The reasons of Contradictory character 2 4.1 The social environment 2 4.2 The education environment 2 Chapter Five Conclusion 2 Bibliography 2 Acknowledgements 21Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Holden Caulfield The hero in The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield, was a middle school student, who was born in a rich middle-class family. He was only 16 years old, but he was taller than normal teenagers of the same age. He always wore a cap and trench coat every day. Holden did not like studying at school, and was expelled from school three times. Although he was expelled for failing four of his five subjects at the end of one semester, he didn＇t feel sorry. After fighting with his classmates, he didn’t dare to go home. Then he found a smallhotel to live in for one day. And he saw some men and women with disordered life there. There was a man who wore women clothes; each of his postures made Holden feel sick. He would hang out in clubs every time he felt bored. He was annoyed when returning back to the hotel. So he agreed with Maurice’s advice to work as an elevator worker, since Maurice would find a prostitute for him. But when the prostitute came, he felt nervous and scared, and finally had to give five dollars to the prostitute. The next day, Holden donated $10 to two nuns while wandering in the street. Holden went skating with his girlfriend Sally after watching a match. When he saw Sally’s insincerity, Holden felt bad. Holden didn’t want to go home or continue to go to school. Therefore, he decided to make a living in the west and pretended to be a deaf and dumb to live his rest life. But before leaving, he would like to see his sister. So he called her. Having waited for her for a long time, he saw his sister Phoebe arrived dragging a big suitcase full of her clothes. She was determined to go with her brother to the west. Finally, because of his sister’s persistence, he had to give up his plan to the west.1.2 The Author and the Significance of the Novel The Catcher in the Rye is one of the greatest works of modern literature. The author, Jerome David Salinger, wrote this novel whilingpublishing some short novels. However, it had made significant impact on the society and literature of America. The Catcher in the Rye was popular among American teenagers, because it reflected their inside feeling. Critics believed it was the best “initiation novel”. They considered that the novel had some similarities with Huckleberry Finn, a masterpiece of Mark Twain. After it published, The Catcher in the Rye directly influenced creating novels of this kind. “I just wanted to be a catcher in the rye” is its symbolic image, representing the whole meaning of the novel. Salinger hoped to have such a dream that he could accompany the growth of children. Holden’hunter red hat, another profound meaning of the image, consistently existed through the whole novel. The hero would like to be “the catcher in the rye” and then he would be responsible for the safety of children and alert like a hunter. His hat stood for his ideal and responsibility and also the harbor of body and mind. Later he gave the hat to his most beloved sister hoping that she could approve with his thoughts and actions. Chapter Two Holden—the Innocent Image in The Catcher in the Rye 2.1 Holden — a Young Man Loving Pure Childhood Time It can be known from the novel that Holden did not like the hypocrisy of society, and looked forwards to chase the purity of childhood.As long as purity is mentioned, it will make the pure world occur to our mind. In this novel, the pure world was demonstrated by the representative characters. The first one was Alley who was Holden＇s younger brother. He loved Alley for the reason that Alley was his brother as well as because his chasteness and wisdom. As Holden remembered, he slept in the carbarn at the time when Alley died. So he always thought that he should be responsible for Alley’s death. Because he was particularly sad, his fists fiercely broke the glass window. Additionally, he also had the mind that he would die, too. There is another detail that also could found he loved Alley very much: he had been keeping Alley’s baseball glove. As Stradlater＇s request Holden created an article whose content is concerning about the gloves. He often talked to Alley, and it seemed that his younger brother still stayed beside him. As Phoebe asked Holden about what kind thing and person he liked, it often easily made hime to has his cute brother in mind. He knew that Alley had died, but he was the symbol of purity in his heart. Holden exerted all his energies to conrcern with Phoebe when faced her. He looked forward to defend her innocent and pure heart. As he was swallowed by the hypocritical people as well as society, and even as he almost lost hope for everything, then he enteredPhoebe’s room. He told her that he was afraid he would not have an opportunity to see her any more before his death. At the time he made up his mind to go to the West, he said goodbye to Phoebe. He was almost insane when he found the obscene words on the her school walls. It was very has for him to imagine that if students see these kinds of words, what would appear in their mind. Phoebe had expressed her willing to company with him, but he refused frankly. He looked forward her keeping a positive and optimistic attitude towards her life. One time she just said a simple words “shut up”, which surprised him a lot. In Holden＇s mind, when encounter troublesome things, he would think the little girls wearing skating shoes wew very lovable. Here, the word “lovable“ was employed to describe the world in opposition to “hypocritical”. As to the meaning of “lovable“, it contained the quality of sincerity and innocent, and all of them were illustrated by children. Holden had encountered two nuns, both of them were quite nice because they put all their heart and soul to help others, which was different to his aunts who would not do good things. In addition, his aunt would never appear before the public without making up. However, the nuns were not do the same, so they were the symbol of adult＇s purity. What＇s more, there werea lot of other things occured in his mind every now and then, for example his girlfriend Jane, Richard who spoke unconstrainedly in oral class, the changeless duck, the fish in lake, as well as the relic in museum, and even a hunter＇s red cap, all of which transmitted intrinsic signals in his sub-consciousness. In “Survey of Contemporary American Novel” proposed by Huang Tiechi who argued that the signals just keeps two information: the first one is that Holden loves purity and keeps chasing it, and also looks forward to keep innocence as children; the other is changeless and freezing things, and they all demonstrate his intelligence and dignity. (Huang, 2000: 7). 2.2 Holden--A Patron God for Children As Holden had fight against the ugly world, he felt quite tired, and he had disappointment about the corruption and mendacity in the society. He desired to run into the real Eden, at which place he could live with purity and honesty. 2.2.1 The Ideal Eden As to Holden, the ideal Eden was a pure and innocent place for children. Holden agued the world he lived in were full of wicked and brutal things, and the people were all lousy. Therefore, he preferred to isolate himself from the hated world and people. Different with the inveracious and wicked adult world, children＇s simplicity made him be pleased and comforted. To him, together with childrenwas very important to him, as well as his dream about childhood was significant to him. The children world was as clear as crystal, and it was a world filled with love, and warm could be found everywhere. Holden kept the ideal it s hould protect children from disturbing, so that they can keep the pure and real nature of human. It is the ideal Eden that made Holden to become a protector to protect the good nature of children. In the adult world, dismay and corruption were here and there. So, in Holden’s mind, the single thing that worth him to do is to make all his effort to protect children from not to be influenced, and try his best to maintain their innocent nature. “Anyway, I keep picturing all these little kids playing some game in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody’s around-nobody big, I mean-except me. And I’m standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff-I mean if they’re running and they don’t look where they’re going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That’s all I’d do all day. I’d just be the catcher in the rye and all.”His biggest wish was to defend purity and children. He believed that people were naive and pure when they were children before decaying by adult. There was no doubt that the ideal Eden was equivalentto a faultless Holy Land. 2.2.2 A Catcher Holden created by the author was test himself and his life concept again. Finally, Holden started to clearly make up his thoughts—a bit incoherently, it was true—concerning the thing he was willing to do in h is life. His hope is to be the “catcher”, who can defend children and their purity. He struggled to protect naive children from being disturbed by decadent adult world. He thirsted for philosophical meaning of his life, which keeps a primary moral aim overpassing the reality and practice. The task was as important as a savior. He didn’t mean to be sacrilegious intent, but his only hope was to keep human away from wickedness. The point of view of Holden was that all the unhappy features of a child were because he or her touch the adult world too early. Therefore, he longed for children to maintain purity, and never involving in adult world. Therefore, Holden preferred to become a catcher in the rye, so that he could save a lot of pure and naive children from the edge of cliff. It can be seen from the novel The Catcher in the Rye that the author assure us that Holden has the noble dream to seek for universal fraternity and spirit. He acted as a mutineer to the society, what’s more, he also manifested as a “catcher” protecting purity and children from the evil adult world. In addition, the purity that the childrenowned was one of the most distinguished nature of human. Holden’s career was significant, because it was good for children as well as for the whole world. It was no doubt that Holden should get the greatest compliment to some extent. Chapter Three A Rebel Resenting the World 3.1 A Rebel against Mundane Affairs From the novel, it can be recognized that people had the right to obtain education right. For the purpose of achieving success, all people tried their best to pursue knowledge. He despised those around him, for example his father, his brother and others. Here giving an example to illustrate, “The father who is making a lot of dough and plays golf and plays bridge and buys cars and drinks Martinis and looks like a hot-shot.”. His brother was quite clever, D. B, he chose the way to Hollywood, and looked forward to earn money by creating scripts. In addition, Anto Nepali married a old woman who had a lot of treasure. Holden hated all things like those. Therefore, he started to fight against the real world, and hoped to have a wonderful life as he want. 3.1.1 A Rebel against the School In the first part of the novel, it described that Holden was weeded out of Pencey because he fail one course out of five ones. However, he hadn’t as the school’s stipulated time, in fact, he left school in advance, which was hisown way to revolt against the school. On his own initiative, he left school because of his own willing, but not because of outside driving. He was reluctant to make effort to learn, which clearly demonstrated he revolted against the educational system at that time. From some details in the story, they could also manifest Holden’s rebellion characters. Here giving an example, once he had visited his teacher Mr. Antolini, who compared and analyzed the difference between immature and mature man, and gave him the significant suggestions, but not suicidal suggestion.What was Holden’s response to the sincere advice? He had no interests in listening to suggestions of the teacher, since he only cared for himself. Holden didn’t accept the roles in the world by the constructive way, on the contrary, he rebelled against the school and the family, even the world with the immature attitude. Additionally, he displayed the revolt mood through the words of counter-legitimate and counter-cultured. For instance, it appeared frequently in his words “damn, goddamn, ass, old and so on.” These words appeared with extremely high frequency. It seemed as if Holden was degenerating. The implied meanings in these words are his attitude to the society, and they also expressed he was disgruntled and sad. His weird words and action made him outof the standards rule of society. 3.1.2 A Symbol for the Rebel—Red Hunter Cap As to the red hat from a hunter, it was an unique symbol of the whole novel. The cap stood for Holden’s passive attitude and quality towards a lot of unhappy things in life. He bought it at the time he was repelled in school, and he had mentioned that if he did not want unhappy things to happen, he would wear it. The hunter cap had particular meaning in his dormitory. He said he knew it was hateful to wear the peak to back, but he liked to do it like that.After struggling with Stradlater, he displayed his behavior in an idiosyncratic way again. When he left Pencey, he wore the cap again and place the peak behind, which manifested his joyfulness and deliberateness. He often explained that he liked it that way, and highlighted that he just liked to do as that, from which it could be seen that demonstrated his choice explicitly, and also displayed that he rebelled against the social rule and norm. He made effort to express his wish by unnormal way. He looked forward to be himself, and had to manifest him in the hypocritical and insincere world. Generally speaking, the action of rebellion had agitative feature. It was no doubt that this kind of behavior had unique and particular meaning. Therefore, when recognizing the real society was impacted by decadentthings, Holden revolted at once. While, his defiance was too negligible, hard and slow to be caught in mire. The more he rebelled, the deeper he would be caught, until to be swallowed.3.2 Evading in the Revolt There was such a description in the novel. Holden wandered outside for three days and nights, observing and found the adult world was filled with wickedness, insincerity and evil. He was sensitive, but was not recognized by the society. He did not wants to live lonely, and hoped to get understand from the noisy world, therefore he tried to employ adult communication mode to talk with other people. It was the fact that he was eager to be understood and loved. Holden still kept an overwhelming dream, like a lot of children as well as adult, and need to pay attention. Holden usually appeared in a lot kinds of public places, and used phone to invited peoples including taxi driver and strangers. However, the results are usual out of his expectation, because he was refused or had no common words. Here, giving an example from the novel to demonstrate. After leaving hometown, Holden met Mrs. Morrow. He used lie to make her laugh, but they were glad. The other example was about a prostitute. He called her, but never felt any sexual desire. In fact, his three days experience was the effort he made to try to be understood and to acquire communication. Heoften looked forward to talk with people, because he was too lonely, and desired and catched all opportunities to communicate. With the more unpleasant communication, the more he was dissatisfied. He intended to revolt, however the fact was that he had no choice but to accept the world, but try to escape from it, however, he had to compromise once again. He even kept the mind that he was a man who could not hear and speak because he could not communicate with others in a long time. The world was repelling him, and there was full of loneliness in his heart, which alert him must be phony as others, as well as doing phony things. He made planed for his future life: he imaged he would do a work in gas station where he does not need to think about the type of work or nobody know him; where he does not need to hear and speak, but just get information from the customer’s piece of paper. So, it can be easily found that his decision and action had very closely relationship with the real life and world, despite he could not found hope in the society he lived in. Analyzing from this aspect, it could be seen that he accept and understand about the real world, and it was reasonless to escape from the society. He finally went to a distant place in silent. He had no other choice but to do like that. Holden＇s final purpose was not to keep away from people andlive in a distant place. The truth was that he experieced had fight between the idal and reality for the aim to find a suitable place. But, after encountering more and more failure, he recognized that no matter what he did, it would be no use. There was no such an ideal place in real world. Wang Lihong was a famous reviewer, and he once said Holden just had two choice, one was to accept the real society, the other was to be insane. In the real world, he had no choice but to accept the reality. Wang also gave an example to argue his point of view: Holden went back to school in Sept. and attempted to integrate i nto the society again. (Wang, 2006:180) As Wang＇s opinion, he chose to compromise totally. 3.3 Growing in the Revolt In his novel, J.D had created two lovely roles who were Holden and Phoebe, and they two were like angles. They possessed good qualities like kindness, honesty and courage. They had sympathy with others, and in particular, had the character of rebellion. They also get rid of the common norms of the society, and finally developed their own thought. His younger sister, Phoebe was the only one who Holden could talk about his ideal with. It was also Phoebe roused Holden’s heart by her loveliness and wisdom. Holden had experienced three days and nights seeking for communication, from which knew how torevolt against reality as well as recognized the important meaning of growth. There was detail description in 25th chapter of his book: Holden sat on a bench, and after a while, he watched his little sister riding wooden horse and playing with other children. Meanwhile, the children revolved again along with music. And he thought that they all were making effort to get the gold ring, including Phoebe, he worried she may fall off, but he still kept silence and did nothing. . At the beginning Holden took care of Phoebe as parents, however he recognized that the best parents should allow kids to do something they want, and try to take adventure. Therefore, Holden believed it was important for children to attempt to tough new things, which may have some risk. After realizing that, he just watched Phoebe grabbing the golden horse by herself tightly, and did not disturbed her. Here, the character’s conflict was manifested, that is to say, he reluctant to accept the adult life, but he had to grow up and learned to be mature. He was not a child any more, and would be adult soon, even though he thought the adult world were decadent. If he want to grow up quickly, he had to take adventure with enough courage. Then, he made effort to know the world and to accept it. This was a very necessary course he had to learn. He finally knew that if there was happiness, therewas also sorrow, and the same as beauty and ugliness, which he learned from Phoebe. So, he believed that if the children wanted to grab the gold ring, adult should allow them to do and just keep silence; they may fallen off, but it was not good for adults to stop them . (Salinger，1951:211). Since then, he had been more and more mature. The merry-go-round was like life, as it revolved, the life also continued. Every body was revolved around the center axis. There was a academic article about this novel, and it made conclusion that Holden was not the only man who doubted and dissatisfied with real society, but if the jockey could follow the rules and adjust himself, then he/her would be safe on the wooden horse, in spite of everything outside. (Kong, 2001: 72) Time after time, Holden finally recognized that he longed for peace and solitude. Chapter Four The Reasons of Contradictory characters 4.1 Social Environment Holden met his brother’s ex-girlfriend when he drank in Greenwich Village and talked with his brother about who was a talented writer. His brother had published a good short story. But later he began to write some vulgar plays for Hollywood because of money. The ex-girlfriend pleased Holden and wanted to make up his brother. Holden felt disgusted and depressed about his brother, who was full of wit, submitted to the lure of money. Noordinary people would like his brother’s ex-girlfriend nor would artists like his brother who worked for money. The whole society was full of materialism. Even the art was filled with the worship of money. Holden’s disgust and frustration showed his contempt of adult world which was mired in materialism. Holden met Sarne at the night of his traveling. He sympathized with Sarne who gave in herself to vice due to the burden of life. Sarne was confused, angry with him, beating him and even ransacking him. She was the image of a social victim. Though, she had accepted the rules of the society where people were only interested in their own interests without caring about others as much as themselves. Holden had sympathy for her. He once again felt the indifference of society and the distortion of human nature. Therefore, every time Holden approached to people, he could not build an effective communication with them. Holden was banished from the world before he refused the world. So he expressed himself in a distorted way. He was cynical, sarcastic, liking lying, speaking nonsense, teasing, and even insulting others. He often felt that he was a terrible liar, a madman, and a fool. After he gained insight of the distortion of the adult world and also his own spiritual distortions, it seemed that escape was the only choice for Holden. However reality let him know that“you will never find a comfortable, quiet pl ace, because there is no place like this”. 4.2 Educational Environment The school where Holden studied had a high reputation in the educational field, which should provide a good education and healthy growth for students. On the contrary, there were a lot of unhealthy social trends. Everyone around Holden was “a hypocrite”. Reading books and learning knowledge were only to “get advanced in the society so that in the future they can buy a goddam Cadillac”. What students did was “talking about women, alcoho l and sex”. Obviously, such school was not an ideal place for Holden. He looked down upon those hypocrites who were senior students and hated those classmates who followed them, which made him unfit to the surroundings. No one could really understand his rebellious character. Andolini is one of the most important figures whom Holden visited after he left school. He used to be Holden’s teacher. Holden considered him as the best teacher he had in his life, and respected his brave and righteous deeds. Therefore, after Holden suffered a series of defeat, he came to Antonelli’s apartment with confidence and imagined to get understanding and consolation. But the teacher who once left him a good impression told his students: “the sign of an immature man is that he is willing to die bravely for hiscause”, and his mark a mature man with difference that he prefers to live humbly for his cause. It was clear that Holden was “immature” in his mind, and he himself was “mature”. From the perspective of the adult world, the advice Antonelli gave to Holden might make sense. But it couldn’t release Holden’s confusion. He was lonely and painful because he didn’t want to live humbly like most people. Even his most respected and trusted teacher educated him to be a person like that. He was very confused, very disappointed, especially when he woke up from his sleep and found that his teacher might be a gay. He then immediately found an excuse and escaped away from Antonelli’s house. All his hopes vanished; what the world gave him was only despair.Chapter Five Conclusion In the novel, the author showed us a subtle, rebellious and quite self-conscious teenager who found his own identity from the external society, however, in which he found him was inconsistent with the society in reverse. In the novel, Holden stood for a revolt to real society, and stood in the opposite position to combat mendacity and smuttiness. He was tired of and even and dismayed about the decadence and fraud. In the process of rebelling the already built life values in the adult society, he recognized the real meaning and significance oflife. As a representative young man, he loved and had a sensitive feeling for the modern world. Meanwhile, he was an adolescent, concatenating these in childhood and adulthood. Therefore, he manifested naivety, sincerity and honesty were needed. In his heart, Childhood was the most wonderful time in his life. What’s more, he desired enter a real Eden at that place all people could pursue naive and genuine life. His willi ng is to become “a catcher in the rye.” Without any doubt, it was a particular noble work for him. Generally speaking, in this novel, Holden was designed as rebellion to the society and dream pursuer at the same time. In a word, through depicting Holden Caulfield’s feeling to the society, the author vividly presented social problems at that time. At the same time, Holden is a typical adolescent of the time in America. No matter in the past or at present, his particular figure brings people to have a deep thought about their life and society. Bibliography Geismar,Maxwell. American Moderns:From Rebellion to Conformity. New York: Hill and Wang, 1998. Hassan, Ihab. Radical Innocence: Studies in the Contemporary Novel. New Jersey: Princeton University, 1997. Salinger, J.D.. The Catcher in the Rye. Boston (Little, Brown and Company edition), 1951. Peter Shaw. New Essays on The Catcher in the Rye.。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家 J.D. Salinger 的代表作之一，讲述了主人公霍尔顿的故事。
霍尔顿是一位矛盾而多面的人物，他的性格充满了矛盾和复杂性。
在小说中，霍尔顿经历了许多令人震惊和深思的事件，他的矛盾性格也在这些事件中得到充分展现。
本文将就霍尔顿的矛盾性格进行浅析，探讨其内心世界及其行为所展现出的矛盾之处。
首先要了解的是，霍尔顿的矛盾性格体现在他对世界的看法上。
他常常对周围的人和事物感到厌烦和失望，却又对人性充满了信任和渴望。
霍尔顿看似冷漠和鄙视一切，但其内心深处却有一种渴望与纯真的情感。
他看到社会的虚伪和世俗，对此感到愤慨和不满，同时又羡慕和追求真诚和纯真。
他犹豫不决和自相矛盾的行为正是他内心矛盾的折射。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格还表现在他对世界的态度和行为上。
他总是表现出一种不屑一顾和自以为是的态度，看似对一切都没有太大的兴趣。
然而在他的行为和语言中却又流露出对世界的渴望和对情感的追求。
他追求真理和真实，却又在现实中显得孤僻和消极。
他张扬和傲慢，然而又表现出对世界的纯真和对人性的渴望。
这种矛盾的态度和行为正是霍尔顿复杂心理的体现。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格还表现在他与周围人的关系上。
他常常表现出对家人和朋友的冷漠和疏远，然而在紧要关头又总是会伸出援手和关怀他人。
他对周围人和社会的失望和愤慨，但又在关键时刻表现出对人性的信任和渴望。
他在寻找纯真和真诚的又在与家人和朋友的交往中显得孤独和无奈。
这种矛盾的关系表明了霍尔顿内心深处的纠结和挣扎。
霍尔顿的矛盾性格体现在他对世界的看法、态度和行为以及与他人的关系中。
他对世界的厌倦和失望，却又对真理和情感的追求展现出一个内心复杂、矛盾多面的形象。
这种矛盾性格使霍尔顿成为一个备受矛盾和困扰的人物，也为读者呈现了一个丰富多彩的精神世界。
《麦田里的守望者》正是通过对霍尔顿这一多面性格的描绘，带给人们对内心世界的深刻思考和感悟。
《麦田里的守望者》_孤独的逃离者——霍尔顿形象解读题目
《麦田里的守望者》_孤独的逃离者——霍尔顿形象解读题目《麦田里的守望者》:孤独的逃离者——霍尔顿形象解读题目《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J.D.塞林格于1951年出版的一部小说，塞林格以主人公霍尔顿的视角，生动地描绘了一个青年摆脱社会束缚，追寻真实自我的过程。
霍尔顿这个形象给人留下了深刻的印象，他是一个孤独的逃离者，他对世界和现实感到失望，并试图通过逃避现实来寻找内心的真实。
首先，霍尔顿是一个孤独的人，孤独是他与生俱来的特质。
他在学校里虽然认识了很多人，但他从来没有真正融入他们的圈子。
他对学习不感兴趣，对品味流行事物也不关心。
他把自己与周围的人隔离开来，缺乏真正的友谊和归属感。
“我喜欢和孤独的人，因为他们最真实。
”这是霍尔顿对人们最真实状态的认识，他追求真实和纯净，而这种要求使他与现实世界越来越疏远。
其次，霍尔顿对世界和现实感到失望。
他眼中的现实世界充满了虚伪与冷漠，这让他无法接受。
他对人们的假善与虚伪深感厌恶，他看透了人们的面具背后的虚伪。
“她是一个那么好看的女孩子，但她坏透了。
”这是霍尔顿对玛瑟斯的评价，他不仅对假善厌恶，还对职场竞争和物质追求感到绝望。
“你知道，你上床和他干什么是为了什么吗？为了那狗屁的社交地位。
”霍尔顿对这个充斥着虚伪与物欲的社会心生厌恶。
然而，霍尔顿试图通过逃避现实来寻找内心的真实。
他愿意逃离学校，逃离这个世界，去远离那些破碎的梦想和人际关系。
“麦田里有一片麦田，麦田里有两个小孩在玩。
”这是霍尔顿所设想的理想世界，他希望能成为一个“守望者”，守护着那些天真纯洁的孩子们，远离现实的伤害。
“我就是个个不会长大的孩子，我管不了这些事。
”霍尔顿渴望保持内心的纯洁和童真，他试图通过逃避现实，保护那份未被污染的美好。
然而，霍尔顿的逃避并没有带给他真正的解脱和满足。
他在逃避的过程中遇到了许多挫折和困境，这使他开始反思自己的行为。
“我是个又幼稚又脆弱、又天真又感性的白男孩。
”霍尔顿开始意识到，逃避并不能摆脱现实，只有面对现实，才能真正成长。
勇敢的霍尔顿麦田里的守望者的主人公
勇敢的霍尔顿麦田里的守望者的主人公霍尔顿是“麦田里的守望者”这本小说中的主人公，他是一个深思熟虑、反叛和有着强烈正义感的青少年。
他对虚伪、冷漠和不公正的社会现象感到不满，因此，他决定扮演起“守望者”的角色，保护那些他认为是无辜和纯真的人。
霍尔顿是一个勇敢的人。
他不畏艰险，敢于正视自己与社会的差异。
尽管他看起来像是一个叛逆的孩子，但其实他的反抗是建立在对不公平和虚伪的深思熟虑之上的。
他渴望寻找真实和纯粹的东西，因此他对社会的虚伪现象产生了深深的厌恶。
在小说中，霍尔顿不断地为自己的观点而战。
他拒绝与虚伪的人交往，并努力保护他所认定的无辜者。
尽管他知道这个世界是残酷的，但他仍然相信自己可以改变一些事情，为那些在这个冷漠社会中受伤的人们带来希望和温暖。
霍尔顿的人物形象也展现出他对成人世界的批判。
他对成人群体的冷漠、虚伪和荒谬行为感到失望。
他相信，在成人世界中,那些保持纯真和善良、不受现实束缚的孩子被逐渐遗忘。
霍尔顿在小说中表现出了守护者的形象。
他用自己的方式保护着那些他认为是无辜而需要保护的人们。
他试图阻止他的妹妹菲尼在一个虚伪和残酷的环境中迷失，并保护着他曾经看护的智障妹妹爱莉。
他以自己的方式反抗和抵制那些试图将这些无辜者伤害的人。
尽管霍尔顿的方式并不总是被他所处的环境接受，但他却用自己的勇气和决心坚持着自己的信念。
他在寻找真实的过程中也逐渐成长，并学会了不完美的世界中如何推动变革。
“麦田里的守望者”这本小说让我们深入思考并反思我们所处的社会。
霍尔顿的形象让我们意识到，要成为一个真正的守护者并不容易，但我们可以通过秉持正义、勇敢地表达自己的观点，去改变这个世界。
总之，勇敢的霍尔顿是“麦田里的守望者”这本小说中的主人公。
他是一个深思熟虑、反叛和有着强烈正义感的青少年。
他面对社会的虚伪和冷漠，勇敢地扮演起“守望者”的角色，保护那些他认为是无辜和纯真的人。
他的勇敢和坚持让我们思考并反省我们所处的社会，启发我们推动改变和追求真实。
对《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的性格分析
文学评论·外国文学对《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的性格分析丁爽文 吉林大学公共外语教育学院摘 要：《麦田里的守望者》是由美国作家赛林格所著，在此文章中着重塑造了霍尔顿叛逆的青少年形象，讲述了他所经历的精神危机以及痛苦，细致的描写了他的孤独，无比纠结的心理状态。
本篇文章将对霍尔顿的性格进行细致的解读，进而揭示二战后美国青年崩塌的精神状态。
关键词：性格特征；心理状态；《麦田里的守望者》作者简介：丁爽文（1995.2-），女，汉族，吉林省吉林市人，硕士学历，吉林大学公共外语教育学院学生，研究方向：外国语言学及应用语言学。
[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139(2019)-14-126-01引言：《麦田里的守望者》中的主人公霍尔顿，是正值青春期大好时光的青少年，是三观逐渐形成的关键时期，此时他刚刚经历了弟弟的去世，正处于悲痛之中，而与此同时，由于缺乏朋友的关心理解、年长的人的关爱和关照，他感到十分的痛苦不安、各种焦躁焦虑的情绪笼罩着他，他无处发泄，也无法适应以这样的心理状态生活下去。
在纽约生活的那段日子，他经历了很多事情，被欺骗，被欺负，他看透了成人性格里的自私自利，对这个社会单纯美好的幻想早已消失在霍尔顿的脑海中。
霍尔顿在经历这一系列不能理解的事情后精神崩溃，在医院接受治疗，他慢慢变得不像原来那样单纯了，也开始重新审视这个让他觉得陌生而又可怕的社会。
在此篇文章中我将尝试分析霍尔顿的性格特点以及他面对周遭变化的心理状态，从而能够进一步了解物质生活丰富却与此同时精神生活贫乏的美国战后青少年的心理活动。
一、霍尔顿的性格叛逆二战后的美国经济空前繁荣，但事实上这是一场假象，美国人民的精神世界受到了极大的冲击。
霍尔顿精神上十分叛逆，对成人世界极度厌恶，认为他们见利忘义，毫无尊严道德可言。
他看透了社会的虚假，阴暗，丑陋，但又无能为力，所以只能做一些消极的无谓的反抗。
周围的种种让他受到了巨大的精神冲击，他不知道自己未来的人生规划，也不知道所谓的正确方向是什么。
霍尔顿的内在矛盾麦田里的守望者的角色分析
霍尔顿的内在矛盾麦田里的守望者的角色分析霍尔顿的内在矛盾：《麦田里的守望者》的角色分析《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J.D.塞林格的代表作之一，讲述了主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德在美国社会中寻找纯真和真实的故事。
本文将重点分析霍尔顿的内在矛盾，揭示他在麦田里的守望者的角色中所表现出的复杂性和困惑。
一、对社会的矛盾态度在小说中，霍尔顿时常表现出对社会的不满和抵触。
他看到社会上伪善、虚伪和冷漠的一面，无法认同社会的价值观和道德标准。
然而，与此同时，霍尔顿也渴望融入社会，渴望被理解和接纳。
这种矛盾态度使他陷入内心的痛苦和无助中。
二、对童真的向往麦田是霍尔顿心灵上的庇护所，他将麦田比作一个幻想中的理想世界。
他希望能够保护那些正在成长的孩子们免受社会的伤害和腐蚀。
这种对童真的向往让霍尔顿保持了一份纯真和善良，但与此同时也制约了他的成长和适应能力。
他不愿意面对现实，拒绝长大。
三、对自我的认知霍尔顿的内在矛盾还表现在对自我的认知上。
他常常感到迷茫和不知所措，对自己的性格特点和目标缺乏清晰的认识。
一方面，他自视较高，认为自己拥有更高尚的情操和对世界更真实的理解；另一方面，他又自卑且自责，难以接受自己的不完美。
这种自我认知的矛盾让他在不断思考与自我探索中陷入困境。
四、对爱与亲情的渴望霍尔顿在与家人和朋友的互动中体现出对爱与亲情的渴望。
他失去了亲人，对家庭的温暖和疼爱有着深深的思念。
同时，他也渴望能够与他人建立真挚的友谊和感情联系。
然而，由于内心的矛盾和对社会的抗拒，霍尔顿往往与周围的人保持一定的距离，无法真正表达出他的温情和关怀。
五、对身份认同的困惑霍尔顿在小说中表现出对身份认同的困惑。
他不愿意接受社会对于成功的定义和标准，也不满足于传统的角色定位。
他试图找到自己的独特性和个性，摆脱成为社会一员的束缚。
然而，他自己也承认这种追求是不切实际的。
这种困惑使他在自我认同和定位方面面临重重挑战。
综上所述，主人公霍尔顿·考尔菲尔德在《麦田里的守望者》中展现出了内在的矛盾性。
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格
浅析《麦田里的守望者》霍尔顿的矛盾性格《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家J·D·塞林格的代表作，其主人公霍尔顿是一位充满矛盾性格的角色。
在小说中，霍尔顿半途辍学，游荡在外，对生活感到迷茫，同时又有着强烈的责任感和道德观念。
本文将从霍尔顿的自私和孤独、责任感和道德观念、性格发展及其内心的矛盾冲突等方面进行分析。
一、霍尔顿的自私和孤独霍尔顿是一个极具自私和孤独感的人。
他常常把自己封闭在自己的世界里，不肯与其他人分享内心的想法和感受。
他对更年长的女性有着一种使她们满意的才艺，但却拒绝他们的亲近，显得异常孤独。
霍尔顿对自己的未来很悲观，不喜欢学校生活，却也不愿意回家。
这种自我放逐的行为让他失去了跟父亲和妹妹的交往，这让他显得更加不快乐和孤独。
二、责任感和道德观念除了自私和孤独之外，霍尔顿还表现出对社会和对他人的责任感和道德观念。
他认为世界太糟糕了，总想去改变它。
小说中，霍尔顿对于那些他认为在人类心灵深处造成危险的事物非常敏感，例如文学中或电影中的暴力和偏见。
他批评电影《死亡谷》中的暴力，觉得它在引导人们去制造暴力。
这种责任感和道德观念体现了霍尔顿的主人公人格。
三、性格发展的矛盾冲突霍尔顿的性格发展有着明显的矛盾冲突。
他表现得既成熟又幼稚，既清晰又混乱，既有责任感又有放纵。
他在情感上也是矛盾的，既渴望人与人之间的联系，又拒绝与他人建立情感联系。
在小说中，霍尔顿对于堕落的世界非常敏感，但他却无法找到改变这个世界的方法。
面对自己的无能和矛盾情况，霍尔顿反而更加失落和困惑。
总之，霍尔顿的矛盾性格深深地影响了他的人生经历。
他既具备责任感和道德观念，又表现出自私和孤独。
他既渴望与人建立关系，又拒绝与他人建立情感联系。
这种内心矛盾让他无法摆脱人生的枷锁，时常陷入困境之中。
从这个角度看，霍尔顿的故事也提醒我们应该认识到自己的矛盾，同时关注和理解其他人的情感需求，寻找合适的方式处理我们的内心矛盾。
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试析《麦田里的守望者》中的霍尔顿形象摘要：《麦田的守望者》是美国小说家塞林格的代表作，这是一部严肃的现实主义作品，同时也是美国当代文学中的经典之作。
作品中塑造的霍尔顿形象一直以来在文学界和社会上都存在着很大的影响，毁誉参半，在今天仍然具有十分重要的现实意义。
对同一部小说的认识如此泾渭分明，主要是因为审美和意识形态的存在着差距。
在本文中尝试对霍尔顿这一形象进行分析，联系当前社会现实，从审美和意识形态角度出发来对其进行重新解读。
关键词：霍尔顿形象；审美差距；意识形态Abstract: "the catcher in the Rye" is the representative of American novelist Salinger, this is a realistic work seriously, but also inthe contemporary American literature classic. Work in shaping the image of Holton has been in the literary circles and society have great influence, today still has get both praise and blame, is of great practical significance. Understanding of the same novel soquite distinct from each other mainly because of aesthetic ideology, and there is a gap between the. In this paper, the author tries to analyze the image of Holton, contact the current social reality, and re interpret it from the perspective of aesthetics and ideology.Key words: Holton image; aesthetic gap; ideology前言塞林格的长篇小说《麦田的守望者》在1951年出版，出版之后对于主人公霍尔顿的争议就一直存在，褒贬不一。
有人觉得主人公霍尔顿行为怪异、语言污秽，对青少年会产生不利的影响，所以应将其列为禁书；还有的认为在霍尔顿的身上体现出了20实际50年达美国青少年的成长心路历程，青少年可以通过这样的审美体验增强对生活的感悟，并能加深对丑恶现实的警觉。
这部作品经过激烈的争论而始终保持不衰，成为了美国文学史上的扛鼎之作。
为什么人们会对同一部文学作品产生如此大的审美感受呢？主要是每个人的审美都不同，人与人间存在着审美差距，这样所产生的审美评价也就不同。
塞林格在《麦田的守望者》一书中采用了多种的叙事技巧和叙事手法，在文中不同的结构层次中留下了很多不确定的因素，留给读者更多想象的空间。
研究霍尔顿的形象，需要首先找到什么差距，然后从意识形态入手找到在的原因，这样才能更好地把握作者的语义真相，对文中主人公形象进行重新解构。
1审美差距解析1.1真实的谎言：独特叙述者的选取维恩.布斯在其出版的《小说修辞学》中提出了“可靠叙述者和不可靠叙述者”的理论。
他认为不可靠叙述者指的是其道德价值观和作者的道德价值观不相吻合，并让读者对其产生怀疑。
霍尔顿正是这样一个值得怀疑的叙述者。
霍尔顿在小说中用回忆的语气叙述了自己的三天流浪生活的所感和所想。
他在叙述的过程中，有时候语气高尚，有时间语气猥琐；有时候情绪压抑，有时候又夸夸其谈，粗看他的语言的确是逻辑混乱，但是仔细阅读又有很多的经典语句，这就充分说明了叙述者的独特性。
所以，文中的叙述者是可信的还是不可信的，他所说的话是该信还是不该信，这完全取决于读者对叙述者的态度，读者对叙述者的态度不同，其认识就会存在偏差。
文中的霍尔顿是一个十几岁的少年，心智发育相对不成熟，他和所有的同龄人一样对爱情充满了向往，但是却不敢大胆追求，喜欢沉迷于自己的幻想中。
比如他称琴为他的女友，并且对她理解的很是透彻，同时还把他们间的爱情叙述的十分美好和浪漫，甚至对琴的一些生活的小细节都了如指掌。
但是，这些都是他自己的想象。
实际上琴并不是他的女友，这一切都源自于他的想象，因为霍尔顿和琴打个招呼还需要搪塞，琴也不知道霍尔顿就住在老斯特拉德莱塔的隔壁。
通过叙事者这样的角度读者来观察世界，肯定和客观实际存在着偏差。
叙述者的精神状态也不正常，因为在文中的开始部分介绍了霍尔顿是住在精神病医院讲故事，即使不能就此认定霍尔顿的精神存在问题，但是作者这样的安排会让读者觉得霍尔顿讲述的故事不够真实。
文中还有一些细节也体现出了霍尔顿的精神问题，比如他会将比赛用的装备落在地铁上，使得队友们没法继续一项十分重要的比赛，他自己对此竟然没有一点愧疚。
还说“乘火车回来的路上，谁也不理我，说起来倒也挺好玩哩”这样的叙述更让人觉得霍尔顿的精神不同于常人，他是不可靠叙述者的可能性也就更大了。
霍尔顿在文中的叙述出现了不一的情况，他的思维维度和实际行为差距比较大，在实际生活中他并像自己所想的那样干净、纯粹，他行为放荡、经常装扮成成年人出入酒吧；他一边指责别人说谎，一边自己还在编造谎言；他讨厌别人对自己说教，但是他自己却对自己的室友不停的训斥，试图用自己的人生观和价值观改变赌坊；他不喜欢看电影，但是却又喜欢在电影室中消磨时光；他明明知道违背自己的原则，却受不了劝诱招妓。
霍尔顿喜欢说谎，谎言口就来，并对此乐此不疲，就像他自己的评价一样：你这辈子大概都没见过比我更会撒谎的人！他的这种双重性格使得他在思想上总是处于善恶的激烈交锋，同时也在向读者阐述一个事实，他的叙述不可靠。
通过上面的叙述知，文中的霍尔顿并不是一个可靠的叙述者。
叙述者对于自身经历的看法并不可信，存在着多种的解释方式。
应该对叙述者的判断能力质疑，所以霍尔顿不能简单被看作是一个精神病患者或者是一个清醒的有觉悟的反抗者。
他通过这种不可靠的叙述者的身份来带给对着更多想象的空间。
1.2此我和彼我：双重叙事手法的运用一般来说传统的叙事可以从纵向上分成三类：回顾叙述、同步叙述和预示叙述，同步叙述的主体一般被称为是叙述自我，回顾叙述的主体一般被称为经验自我。
《麦田的守望者》既不是同步叙述，也不是回顾叙述，叙述的焦点不停闪动在过去和现在间，同时在经验自我和叙述自我间不同的进行转化，使得叙述者的面目出现了不统一，表现出的是一个言行颠倒的少年的形象，但是又不时透露出智者的理性之光。
小说的开头是这样叙述的：如果你想听，第一件事你可能想知道我在哪儿出生……可说真的，我无意告诉你这一切……我只想告诉你我去年圣诞节前所过的那段荒唐的生活。
这样的开头蕴含着双重的暗示意味：故事讲述的不是现在的霍尔顿，而是一年前的霍尔顿。
这样小说中就出现了两个“我”，一个是正在追忆往事的我，一个是被追忆的我。
这样的叙述中，前者的我被称为叙述自我，后一个我被称为经验自我。
这样的两个我再两个时空中就出现了两个不同的叙述视角，体现出的是他在不同时期对于事件的不同认识。
霍尔顿在经验自我时还原的是真实的场景，行为猥琐、言语粗陋，经常干一些不着调的事儿。
但是作为叙述自我时他对自己的行为进行了理性的反省，同时会不时表达作为叙述自我的一些感受。
这种叙述自我和经验自我的差异，使得很多读者产生了认识上的误区。
在叙述自我的过程中会理性对自己的过往进行反思，会自己做过的事情会有着比较清醒的认识，“荒唐的生活”是他理性对自己进行反思后的肺腑之言。
但是也并非都如此，霍尔顿在游乐场中虽然担心菲茨会从马上掉下来，但是他并没有像自己所说的那样当一个“麦田的守望者”，他什么都没有做，“他们要是摔下来，就让他们摔下来好了，别说审美去阻拦他们，那是不好的”。
在这里也完成了经验叙述和叙述自我间的转换。
叙述自我一直处于冷眼旁观的角色，他代替经验自我在叙述，他暗示的是：尽管我曾经想做一个守望的纯洁卫士，让孩子们与假模假式的现实相隔绝，但是这只是想象中的美好，肯定会有孩子从木马上掉下来，将像他一样掉入到承认的肮脏世界中。
这说明我再现实生活中的境遇是真实的，只是我已经学会坦然对待，这样的心危机似乎已经过去，因为在经验自我和叙述自我间的不断转换，使得叙事变得更加的复杂，读者在阅读的过程中会被一层层迷雾遮蔽双眼，因此就会出现审美差距。
小说中的此我和彼我也就是叙述自我和经验自我的不断纠缠，使得不同的读者产生了不同的审美体验。
有的人觉得是霍尔顿在经历过生死的挣扎之后，逐步走上了成熟之路，用自己的爱来宽容这个世界的不完美，回到社会的怀抱之中；还有的人认为本文应该从悲剧精神角度来进行解读，遁世是弱者的消极行为，霍尔顿最后疯了，这是一种自我反抗的主动选择，也是更深层次的存在主义精神核的折射。
这也是《麦田的守望者》一文希望通过这样的审美差距来引发读者思考的重要意义所在。
2意识形态解析2.1在拒绝成长这一行为中霍尔顿所体现出的精神世界在霍尔顿的精神世界中一直存在着孩童的天真和成人的虚伪两种极端的性格，随着年龄渐长在他不得不面对成长危机的时候，这一矛盾体现的更加淋漓尽致。
霍尔顿作为一个只有十六岁大的孩子，一方面必要要进入成人的世界，另一方面也会失去孩童的纯真，他一直处于这种惶恐之中，同时游离在两个世界之中，但是又无法完全融入到其中的任何一方中，这就使得他感到无比的孤独和矛盾。
对于成长来说，意味着要从自我意识逐步强化到群体意识之中，这需要一个过程。
一旦个体融入到群体之中，就会受到其他社会个体的影响，同时和其他个体间形成较为复杂的关系，霍尔顿意识到了这种周围的现实对自身的强大影响，但是他身体的成长要远远大于精神的成长，这样就会出现脱节现象，出现了拒绝长大、讨厌社会的心理。
同时，他的主体意识在这个过程中不断被强化，进而产生了反抗的愿望。
在经历了无奈和挫折后，终于妥协于现实和成长。
在霍尔顿的成长过程中，弟弟艾里一直是其精神偶像，他作为一个永恒的孩童形象存在于霍尔顿的心中。
同时霍尔顿与该形象发生了重叠，成为了霍尔顿的童真化身，霍尔顿将自己正在失去和已经失去的童真世界全部寄托在了他身上。
在霍尔顿的精神世界中，艾里已经作为完整的精神载体永远存于自身中，霍尔顿的理想形象已经和红头发的艾里合二为一。
此外，艾里的红头发还具有非常重要的象征意义，它是无拘无束、自由纯真生命力的象征。
霍尔顿的红色猎人帽也和艾里的红头发一样具有很强的象征意义，它体现出的是对偶像的敬仰和膜拜之情，同时还寄托了对童真的无限向往与缅怀，“每次我要穿过一条街……”“等到我走到街对面，发现自己并没失踪，我就向他道”艾里已经成为了霍尔顿生命中不可或缺的保护神，同时也是他的精神支柱，对他的恐惧和不安具有很好的慰藉作用。