二语习得与年龄因素

摘要

在二语习得中，年龄是至关重要的一个因素。本文旨在提出一些与二语习得相关的重要理论，以及根据这些理论对不同年龄层学习二外的读者提出不同的教学策略。希望可以让他们对二语习得有更多的了解以及能够更好地掌握二外。

关键词：二语习得；年龄；教学策略

Abstract

Age is one of the most vital factors of second language acquisition. First, the article aims to put forward some important theories about second language acquisition and then give different teaching strategies to the people at different age who want to learn a second language. It will make them know more about second language and have a good command of it.

Key words: second language acquisition; age; teaching strategies

Contents

摘要 (1)

1.Second language acquisition and age factor (3)

1.1 Introduction (3)

2.The relevant theories of the second language acquisition (3)

2.1 Critical period hypothesis (3)

3.The current study in the second language acquisition (4)

4.The characteristic of younger children (4)

4.1 From the point of critical period hypothesis (4)

4.1.1The accurate pronunciation (4)

4.1.2The higher level (5)

4.2 From the point of foreign language attrition (5)

5.The characteristic of adult (6)

5.1From the point of cognition (6)

5.2From the point of learning rate (6)

5.3From the point of learning motivation (7)

6.The conclusion and suggestion (7)

Bibliography (8)

1.Second language acquisition and age factor

1.1 Introduction

There are many factors that have an influence in the second language acquisition, while the age is regarded as the most important factor of influencing the effect in different individual. The researches of the second language acquisition are different. Even there exist some contradictory results. Some scholars consider that the children are the best ones who can learn second language well. Because when the children immigrate to abroad, they can learn and accept the second language fast and easier, while the adults can’t reach the stage through hard working. Other scholars hold the belief that the adults are best learners except in pronunciation.

Whether there is a consistent conclusion, it is accepted widely that the difference exists in different age. So what we should do is to find the identical and different part of different age and then choose the best age. It will help us confirm the reason and discover the appropriate approach to learn the second language easier, which will boost the process.

2.The relevant theories of the second language acquisition 2.1 Critical period hypothesis

Critical period hypothesis, that is to say there is a fixed period when learners can learn the second language fastest and best. After this period, the learning process becomes difficult and hard. But the optimum age put forward earlier is within 10. During this period, the brain can be easily shaped and changed and the ability will disappear gradually.