初中英语现在完成时讲解练习及答案

现在完成时一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.be famous for 和be famous asbe famous for表示“因…而出名”，for后接表示出名的原因be famous as则表示“以…身份而著名”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为…职业、身份或地位是著名的eg. France is famous for its fine food and wine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。

France is famous as a romantic country．法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。

2.hard与hardlyhard adv.“努力地，费力地，辛苦地”, 如：He works hard.他努力工作。

hard adj. “努力的，辛苦的” , 如：It＇s a hard work. 这是一项辛苦的工作。

hardly否定副词，意思为“几乎不”，表示否定含义,如：He works hardly. 他几乎不工作。

【固定搭配】加-ingbe good at doing sth擅长做某事eg: He is good at playing the piano.mind doing sth介意做某事eg: Do you mind my opening the door?practice doing sth练习做某事eg: My sister practices playing the piano every day.stop doing sth停止做某事eg: The teacher is coming, please stop talking.What/How about doing sth. 做某事怎样eg: What about going to the park this weekend?【现在完成时】A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点, for+数字+时间名词, in the past few months/years等【构成】肯定形式：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +done一般疑问句：have或has放于句首B.现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。

eg. The car has arrived.车子来了。

（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。

（结果：窗户仍破着）区别：have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去过某个地方，不过现在已经回来了have gone to表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中have been in指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在例如：你以前去过北京么？例如：A: Is Mr.Wang at home?B: No,he is not in,（他去香港了）2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。

常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。

eg. He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。

用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。

如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。

由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive →be herebegin(start)→be ondie →be deadcome back →be back leave →be awayfall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep) get up →be up go out →be outfinish →be overput on →wear 或be onopen →be openjoin →be in或be a member of…close →be closedgo to school →be a studentborrow →keepbuy →havecatch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →knowbegin to study →studycome to work →work二、典型例题（）1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away （）2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.A. joinedB. have joinedC. have been in（）3.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened（）4.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become （）5.You mustn't_____ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left（）6.The meeting _____ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over（）7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taught（）8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years.A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD. became（）9. I ______ home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returned（）10. How long _______ he ________ ?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been dead（）11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept（）12.He ________ the car for a week.A. boughtB. has boughtC. has had（）13.---How long _____ you _____ ill ?---Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC. have, been（）14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.A. has leftB. has moved awayC. has been away from（）15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.A. borrowB. keepC. take（）1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ______what's happened to him.A. knewB. have knownC. must knowD. will know（）2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he ?A. alreadyB. neverC. everD. still（）3、Have you met Mr Li ______？A. justB. agoC. beforeD. a moment ago（）4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .A. is writingB. was writingC. wroteD. has written（）5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes. I hope it will be even ______.A. has changed; wellB. changed; goodC. has changed; betterD. changed; better （）6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .A. was; studyingB. will; studyC. has; studiedD. are; studying （）7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knew（）8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I ______ it twice.A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see（）9、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really? When _____ there?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone（）10、—______ you ___ your homework yet?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.A.Did; do; finishedB.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; have finishedD.will; do; finish（）11、His father ______ the club since 1988.A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in（）12、—Do you know her well?— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made（）13、—How long have you ____ here?—About seven years.A. beenB. goneC. comeD. arrived（）14、Hurry up! The program __________ for five minutes .A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began（）15、It _____ ten years since he came Chengdu.A. isB. hasC. willD. was（）16、Miss Green isn't in the office. She _______ to the library.A. has goneB. wentC. will goD. has been（）17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been（）18、He ________ for 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been up（）19、Tom is ill in hospital. He ______ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had（）20、His grandparents ______ for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university [汉译英]1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。