美国愿与印度发展百年战略关系

美国愿与印度发展百年战略关系

Tillerson sees closer India ties as foil against China

来源：FT中文网2017-10-19 06:34

US secretary of state Rex Tillerson has laid out a strategic vision of a closer military, trading and diplomatic partnership with India to last 100 years as a bulwark against China, two weeks before Donald Trump is due to make his inaugural trip as president to Beijing. 美国国务卿雷克斯•蒂勒森(Rex Tillerson)阐述了一个战略愿景，拟与印度发展持续100年的更紧密的军事、经贸和外交伙伴关系，作为抵御中国的堡垒。两周后，唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)将首次作为美国总统访问北京。

The US, which unveiled its new south Asia strategy after months of deliberations in August, has built up India’s role as a potential solution to both its longest running war in Afghanistan and concerns over the rise of China. 经过数月审议后在8月公布了新南亚战略的美国，提升了印度在解决美国两大问题方面的作用，一是在阿富汗卷入的美国史上最漫长战争，二是对中国崛起的担忧。

“We think we have wisely chosen a partner in India for a strategic relationship,” MrTillerson told a gathering at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He noted the Trump administration’s determination to “dramatically deepen” relati ons with India, which he said could become the world’s second-biggest economy by 2050 and surpass China’s population within 10 years. “我们认为，我们明智地选择了印度这个合作伙伴来发展战略关系，”蒂勒森在华盛顿智库战略与国际研究中心(Center for Strategic and International Studies)的一个会议上表示。他指出，特朗普政府决心“大力深化”同印度的关系；他说，到2050年印度有望成为世界第二大经济体，而该国人口将在10年内超过中国。

“We’ll never have the same relationship with China, a non-democratic society, that we can have with a major democracy,” he said, adding he did not want the Indo-Pacific region to become hostage to disorder, conflict and “predatory economies”. “相比我们与一个民主大国可能发展起来的关系，我们永远不会同中国这样的非民主社会建立相同的关系，”他表示。他补充说，他不希望印度洋-太平洋地区受制于混乱、冲突和“掠夺型的经济体”。MrTillerson called for India to take on a larger security role in Asia, saying the US and India should have the world’s two greatest militaries. He said the US was exploring how to frame a new security architecture in the Indo-Pacific region, potentially by expanding a trilateral grouping with the US, India and Japan to include Australia and other countries. 蒂勒森呼吁印度在亚洲担当更大的安全角色，称美国和印度应该拥有世界上最伟大的两支军队。他表示，美国正在探索如何在印度洋-太平洋地区构建新的安全架构，可能扩大美国、印度和日本的三国集团，纳入澳大利亚和其他一些国家。

“We’re going to continue to explore how do we strengthen that architecture,”he said. “India and the US should be in the business of equipping other countries to defend their sovereignty.”

“我们将继续探索如何加强这一架构，”他说。“印度和美国应该参与协助其他国家维护它们的主权。”

His comments come weeks after Joseph Dunford, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, told Congress that China will pose the greatest threat to the US by 2025. 蒂勒森发表这番言论

的几周前，美国参谋长联席会议(Joint Chiefs of Staff)主席约瑟夫•邓福德(Joseph Dunford)对国会表示，到2025年中国将对美国构成最大威胁。

Admiral Harry Harris, commander of US Pacific Command, also framed China as a “challenge” in a lecture in Singapore on Tuesday, calling for Beijing to stop “provocative actions” in the East China Sea and the South China Sea, comments echoed by MrTillerson on Wednesday.

美国太平洋司令部(US Pacific Command)司令、海军上将哈里•哈里斯(Admiral Harry Harris)本周二也在新加坡举行的一个讲座上把中国界定为一个“挑战”，他呼吁北京方面停止在东中国海和南中国海采取“挑衅行为”。周三蒂勒森的言论就呼应了他的观点。

MrTillerson said China had repeatedly undermined the international rules-based order in the South China Sea, highlighting a theme that had appeared to take a back seat as the US attempted to cajole China to rein in North Korea’s nuclear threat. 蒂勒森强调了一个主题，声称中国一再在南海破坏基于国际规则的秩序。此前美国争取中国配合管控朝鲜核武威胁的时候，这一主题似乎被放到了次要位置。

The US has designated India a major defence partner, elevating its status and paving the way to sell it top-flight weapons systems and share technologies. 美国已把印度列为一个主要的国防合作伙伴，从而提升了印度的地位，并为向印度销售尖端武器系统和分享技术铺平了道路。

“We don’t provide that lightly, said MrTillerson. He added that the US had offered India a menu of defence options, including guardian UAVs, an unarmed naval drone, F16 and F18 fighters and aircraft carrier technology in transfers that represented potential “game-changers”for US-India co-operation. “It’s all to improve their capabilities to play this important security role that we know that they want to play in the region.”“我们并不轻率地提供那些，”蒂勒森表示。他补充说，美国已向印度提交了一份防务选项菜单，包括保卫者无人机（Guardian UAV，一款海军的非武装无人机）、F16和F18战斗机，以及航空母舰技术转让，后者有可能成为美印合作关系中“改变游戏规则的事情”。“这一切都是为了提高他们扮演这一重要安全角色的能力，我们知道他们希望在地区发挥这样的作用。”

MrTillerson also warned countries that are increasingly taking up Chinese infrastructure financing at attractive rates of lending that while the US could not compete with such low-cost loans, it could safeguard their sovereignty better than China. 蒂勒森还向那些日益接受中国以有吸引力的利率提供的基建融资的国家发出警告，称尽管美国无法与这类低成本贷款竞争，但美国能比中国更好地捍卫他们的主权。

“What are they willing to pay to secure their sovereignty and their future control of their economies?”he asked. “他们愿意为维护自己的主权和未来对本国经济的控制付出什么代价？”他问道。