英国经济PPT

This is done in Britain for Holland„s defiance of combat readiness, but also a product of typical mercantilism重商主义
航海条例（Navigation Acts ）1651 2015-6-8
This Ordinance条例 in the various models are clearly aimed at a large number of intermediaries and maritime Holland, it is a serious challenge to Holland
Economy of the UK
2015-6-8
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Historical origin
Time : In June 15, 1215 Purpose:
To protect the political independence and economic interests of the feudal aristocracy保障封建贵族的政 治独立与经济权益
Provide class conditions
Catastrophe灾难
Political impact 1.The ownership of land has changed. 2.British class relationship has changed 3. Promote the development of the industrial revolution （工业革命） 2015-6-8
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Economic impact
Free labor
The transformationHale Waihona Puke Baiduof agriculture to capitalism
Promote the development of agriculture And rural productivity
Speed up the process of British towns
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***Great disaster for the UK
***Promote the transformation of British economy to modern mode
Due to population decline, resulting in a drop in demand for food, falling prices, and the lack of labor leads to rising wage costs. All of these make traditional aristocratic landowners (传统贵族）face serious difficulties in their economic development. Part of aristocratic landowners make adjustments in time and change the mode of operation, rent their manor to individual farmers and give up rent servitude (劳役制地租), England estate development has come to an end
War outcome：Britain began to become the dominant maritime海上霸主
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British slave trade英国黑奴贸易 ——Britain is the world's largest slave trade country
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Middle of the fifth century
The system of the slaves and Whelan serfs (维兰农奴)both are disappear Some farmers contract more land, manage more agricultural with the tendency of capitalism,and have excess cash to lend out other poverty farmers, gradually formed yeoman
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The three Anglo Dutch war
三次英荷战争
The second Anglo Dutch war (1665 ~ 1667)
The first Anglo Dutch war (1652 ~ 1654)
The third Anglo Dutch war (1672 ~ 1674)
primary coverage :
1. 2. 3.
To limit kingship
To protect the political 、 economic and judicial privileges （司法特权）of the church and the secular aristocracy（世俗贵族） are not infringed
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Forteenth Century——the plague （黑死病）
Plague Yersinia pestis（鼠疫耶尔森氏菌） is a infectious disease（感染性疾病）which spread by fleas , are widely popular among wild rodents，is a natural focus infection disease （自然疫源性疾病）.
大海的深处， 泥泞的沙里， 躺着被人遗忘了的，
锁着铁链的人骸，
在死沉沉的黑暗里， 闪烁这不幸的奴隶的白骨，
他们从漆黑的巨浪里，
大声呼唤“我们是证人”！
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Background
After the opening of the new route（新航路开辟）, the first Portugal, Spain embarked on the path of the expansion of the colony, the United Kingdom, France and Holland also took the road of colonial plunder.
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In 1584, the British established the first colony in North America Virginia (according to: Virginia for the virgin meaning, because Queen Elizabeth unmarried ） In 1588, the British defeated Holland Invincible fleet（荷兰 无敌舰队）, expanding the road for overseas expansion In 1600, the United Kingdom established East India Company
During the 14th and 15th centuries, in the process of disintegration of the serf system, the British emerging bourgeoisie（新兴的资产阶级）and new nobility （新贵族）through violence to drive peasants from the land, occupying peasant land and public land, deprived of farmers land use rights and ownership, restriction or cancellation of the original common cultivated land（共同耕地权） and livestock right（畜牧权）, to forcibly seize and occupy land, into a private ranch and large farm. This is the "enclosure movement" in British history.
In 1607, the British occupied the first colony in India In 1609, 1610, 1619, Britain set up it‟s own business station in Gambia, Surat and Madras(苏拉特、冈比亚、马德拉斯) In 1619, Dutch East India Company beat British East India Company
farmer(约曼农）.
1. Yeoman „s meaning in Middle English(中古英语 ) is the young people and the attendants 2. It is the advanced peasant class(农民阶级）
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Late fifteenth Century—— Enclosure movement（圈地运动）
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Charlie Thi 查理一世 was executed in 1649, the United Kingdom announced the occasion of the Republic, the situation has changed. The bourgeoisie urgently 资产阶级 demands to open up new overseas colonies and broaden overseas markets The British “protectorate” during the period of Cromwell （克伦威尔）made the sea control strategy British naval power far more than Holland
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Sixteenth Century to Seventh century ——British Maritime colonization（英国海上殖民活动）
Holland
VS
England
“谁控制了海洋，即控制了贸易；谁控制了世界贸易，即控制了世界 财富。因而控制了世界。”--[英]华尔特· 雷利
Triangular trade三角贸易
Slave traders from Europe, sailed to Africa, in Africa through various dirty way to capture black, they put slaves transported to the Americas, the black slaves sold to American plantation owners, then the gold in the Americas and industrial raw materials shipped back to Europe. This is called "triangular trade", the first of the slave trade were the Portuguese, but the British came from behind to become the executives of the "triangular trade". 奴隶贩子从欧洲出发，乘船到达非洲，在非洲通过各种卑鄙的方式俘获黑人 之后，他们把黑奴运往美洲，把黑奴卖给美洲的种植园主，然后，再把美洲 的黄金和工业原料运回欧洲。这就是被称为一本万利的“三角贸易”，最先 进行奴隶贸易的是葡萄牙人，但英国人后来居上，成为“三角贸易”的主要 2015-6-8 14 经营者。
Great Charter
2015-6-8
To protect knights, free farmers and citizens' interests
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It makes the bud which bred in trade and industrial structure of feudal society can grow up in incompatible mother(母体）, and has a farreaching influence on the emergence and development of future British capitalism