初中冠词和数词
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冠词——练练练
请填入适当的冠词 a friend of mine. / lunch with ____ 1.I had ____ 2.---Where is Mom? the ---She’s takinga___ walk in ___ garden. the school tomorrow for ___ the first time. 3. Mike is going to ___ the Science Museum. 4. This is the ___ shortest way to ___ an “L” and an___ “n” in the word “long”. 5. There is ___ a useful tool. an English-Chinese dictionary is ___ 6. ___
Exercise:选择题 1.There is A ruler in pencil box. Pencilbox is Ping Ping ’s. A.a; the;The B.the, the ,The C. a;the;A 2. boys are twins. They look C A./;/ B.The; A C The; the same. English
(序数词构成规律)
基变序,有规律, 一、二、三,特殊记,面目全非要注意, 加th从4起, 八少“t”,九去“e”, “ve”要用“f”替,(five, twelve) 见“y”变成“i”和“e”,词尾加上“th”, (twenty, thirty,……ninety) 若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。 序数词缩写记清楚,数字后跟两字母。
e.g.: the People’s Republic of China
the Great Wall
8. 用于姓前,表示(一家人),动词用复数形式
e.g.: The Smiths are at home.
9. 用于乐器名词前:
e.g.: play the piano
2、定冠词用法
10. the+形容词,表示一类人 e.g.: The young are very happy. 11. the+ 比较级……,the+比较级……结构 e.g.: The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 12. 固定搭配:P46
英语中常用的基数词有:
1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ ten thousand, 100000→one hundred thousand ,1000000→one million, 10000000→ten million, 100000000→one hundred million, 108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and forty-six,
4)21-99, 两位数,十位与个位之间有 “-”。
21 twenty-one 55 fifty-five 99 ninety-nine 5)101—999,三位数,百位与十位/个位之间加 and。 101 one hundred and one 840 eight hundred and forty 693 six hundred and ninety-three
2、定冠词用法the
1. 2. 特指某些人或物: 指前面提到过的人或物:
e.g.: The book is helpful. e.g.:I saw a book on the desk. The book is hers.
宇宙中独一无二的东西: e.g.:The sun is very big. 4. 用于形容词最高级前: 3.
• an 用于以元音音素开头的单词 (a, e, i, o, u /ʌ/) • 特殊:honor、hour、honest 发的第一个音是元 音
1、不定冠词用法
1.不定冠词a和an的用法 (1)a 用在以辅音音素开始的名词前;an用在以元音音素开 始的名词前。 如:an apple a bed (2)表示某类人或事物中的“一个”,但不强调数目概念, 没有one强烈。 如:I have a new bag. (3) 用于第一次提到的和泛指的单数可数名词前。 如:There is a book on the desk. Do you have a ruler? (4)用于某些固定词组中 如: have a good time a lot of have a look
e.g.: This apple is the biggest in the basket.
5.
用于序数词前:
e.g.: Lily got the first prize in the contest.
2、定冠词用法
6. 用于江、河、海洋、山脉等名词前:长江,黄河……
7. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前:
一、冠词
一、冠词
1. 不定冠词:a/an
• 冠词
2. 定冠词: the
3. 零冠词:固定搭配(5类情况)
4. 冠词用法比较(3组)
1、 不定冠词
• a 用于以辅音音素,半元音/j/、/w/开头的单词 • 特殊: u 开头的单词(useful、usual、USA、 European、unique、uniform)
注意:这几个词不能用复数形式,后也不 能加and。
6 , 500 , 431 , 7 29
hundred
and
billion million
thousand
7)表示具体、准确的数目时,hundred, thousand, million等数词后不能加-s, 如five hundred, six thousand, seven million 8)当hundred, thousand等数词与of连用,表 示不具体、不准确的数目时,词尾须加-s。 如:thousands of students, millions of trees.
初中英语语法——数词
概念
数词就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词, 分基数词和序数词两种。 表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词, 如:one,ten, fifteen 等; 表示数目顺序的词叫序数词, 如:fifth, second,twelfth等。
。
一.基数词的构成
1)1-12, 独立成词。
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
3.Wang Ping isn’tA Chinese boy.He is boy. A.a; an B.an ; an C. an ; a 4.She has got _____ long hair and A.a,two B. the,the C. /,/ 5.Look! cat is eating fish. A.a B. The C.an
The classroom is 7 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high.
4、表示时刻 (介词用at)
1)顺读法----先时后分, ―几点几分” 9:30 nine thirty 6:21 six twenty-one 2)逆读法----先分后时 表示“几点过几分”,半小时以内,介词用past 分钟数+past +钟点数 10:10 ten past ten 8:20 twenty past eight 表示“几点差几分”,半小时以上,介词用to 60减原分钟+ to + (下一个)钟点数 9:50 ten to ten 7:40 twenty to eight 3) 15分钟:a quarter 30分钟:a half 9:15 a quarter past nine 12:30 half past twelve
四、序数词的用法
(1)序数词作定语,前面要加the;
The first truck is carrying a food basket.
John lives on the fifteenth floor.
She is my first English teacher.
(2)有时加a/an,“再一”,“又一” 的意思
2)13--19, 由3-9 + teen构成。
14–fourteen 16--sixteen 17--seventeen 19—nineteen 特殊拼写: 13– thirteen 15--fifteen 18—eighteen
3)20-90, 以-ty结尾。
20—twenty 30—thirty 40—forty 50—fifty 80—eighty 60—sixty 70—seventy 90—ninety
C
big eyes..
Байду номын сангаас
B
6. B ball under the desk is mine. A./ B.The C. A 7. Let me have A look. A.a B. / C. the 8.Look , C moon is round. A.a B. / C. the 9.l like B summer better than A./; the B./; / C the; / 10.When is your birthday? It’s B A. a B.the C. / winter. 14th of August.
14
40 50 1505 70
8021 601
90 16
17
18 119
2、“基数词+名词” 的合成形容词作定语, 中间有连字符“-”,当中的名词用单数。
a 3 – year – old girl a seven-day holiday
注:这种结构中名词不能用复数,同时只 能作定语。用作表语时,不用连字符,名 词有复数。如: Tony is 10 years old this year. Tony is a 10-year-old boy. 3、表计量-- ―基数词+度量单位+形容词”
500→five hundred , 1001→one thousand and one,
1813→one thousand eight hundred and thirteen.
6) 1,000以上数目,从右向左每三位用“,” 分开,分别读为thousand , million, billion,
We‘ll have to do it a second time.
7.名词前已有做定语用的代词时,不再用冠词。
e.g:This is my bag. Those are your books.
4、冠词用法比较
In hospital 住院 In the hospital 在医院里(看病,探病,工作) In bed 卧病在床 In the bed 坐在床上(看书,看电影) At table 吃饭 At the table 在桌边(写字,玩游戏)
3、零冠词
1、 交通工具,通讯工具前 by bus /train/plane/subway/bike/ship 2、一日三餐前 have breakfast/lunch /dinner 3、日期、月份、季节、节日前 on Monday 4、称呼或表头衔的名词前 Mum,where is my hat? Aunt Zhang. 5、棋类、球类运动的名词前 play basketball/chess 6、某些习惯用语前 e.g.: go to bed, go to school, go to town, at home 8.国名、地名、人名等专有名词前不用冠词 eg: in Zhuzhou in China
三、序数词的构成
1) 1-3, first, second, third 。 2) 4-19, 相应基数词+th, 特殊拼写:fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。
3) 20-90, y变成ie +th,如twentieth。
4) 21-99, 只把个位的基数词变成序数词 如twenty-first。 5) 序数词缩写—数字+最后两字母 如1st, 2nd, 3rd ,4th…