浙江工商大学研究生入学考试试卷A卷
浙江工商大学汉语写作与百科知识考研真题试题2011、2012、2017—2019年
浙江工商大学统计学概论2002--2009,2011--2020年考研初试真题
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第 1 页(共 2 页)
三.计算题(共40分)(小数点保留两位,包括百分数) 1.(10分) 根据某地区历年人均收入(元)与商品销售额(万元)资料计算的有关数据如下:( x 代表人均收入, y 代表销售额)
n 9 x 546 y 260 x2 34362 xy 16918
的极限误差不超过230元,应抽取多少居民进行调查?(6分)
2、 设“托福”的考分服从均值为580分、标准差为93分的正态分布。问当随机抽取37人进
行调查时,样本平均分数在550—610之间的概率是多少?(6分)
3、 某饮料公司近12年的广告费用(X)与产品销售额(Y)资料如下(单位:万元)
年份
199 1992 199 199 1995 199 199 1998 1999 2000 2001
、、 论述题(40分)
1、 在统计专门调查中有哪两类误差?它们之间有什么区别?
2、 试述社会再生产条件核算的内容。
、、 计算题(60分,小数点后保留4位)
1、欲对某市居民人均可支配收入水平进行调查。已知过去三次抽样的居民可支配收入
的标准差分别为1715元、2500元和3100元,问在95%(Z=1.96)的概率保证下,本次抽样
(3)计算销售额与利润额之间的相关系数并说明其与回归系数的关系。(4分)
4、试计算以下两个小题:
(1)从A地到B地每小时40公里,从B地返回A地每小时60公里,问平均时速是多少 ?(4分)
(2)同样多的人民币多购买5%的商品,问物价指数是多少?(4分)
免费考研试卷提供 更多试卷请访问:免费考研试卷
销售 5300 6700 7900 9500 1100 1250 1380 1500 1660 1800
浙江工商大学综合英语2011年考研专业课初试真题
浙江工商大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷招生专业:外国语言学及应用语言学/英语语言文学考试科目:综合英语总分:150分考试时间:3小时题号项目分值I Vocabulary30II Cloze20III Proofreading & Error Correction20IV Reading Comprehension:Part 1+Part 2 50V Rhetoric:Part 1+Part 230I. Vocabulary ( 每小题1分,共30分)Directions: Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. The two countries have developed a ______ relation and increased a great deal in foreign trade.A. managerialB. metricC. lethalD. cordial2. He argues that the policy has done little to ease joblessness, and has left the country______ .A. energizedB. enactedC. enervatedD. nerved3. He had wanted a 25% raise in pay, but after talking to his boss, he decided that a5% raise would have to ______ .A. sufficeB. satisfyC. gratifyD. delight4. Women who entered voluntary work during the inter-war years did so largelybecause it provided them with ______ from household routine.A. dissipateB. diversionC. discountD.distortion5. In a competitive and fast-paced modern society, busy business executives are so______ their work that they hardly know what the word leisure means.A. skeptical ofB. extraneous toC. engrossed inD. exempt from6. But the depth of a novel and the value of its artistic and ideological feature do notdepend on the theme —either ______ or significant.A. versatileB. alternateC. trivialD. preliminary7. She often remains coldly remote from him; probably his badly scarred faceproduced an involuntary feeling of ______ in his neighbor.第 1 页共 13 页。
2012年浙江工商大学3119应用随机过程考博真题考博试题博士研究生入学考试试题
答案写在答题纸上,写在试卷上无效第1页(共2页)
5.(本题10分)若 , 是独立的随机变量序列, ,令 = ,求证 是关于 的下鞅。
6.(本题10分)证明:强度为 的齐次Poisson过程 的到达时间间隔序列 是独立同分布的随机变量序列,且是具有相同均值 的指数分布。
浙江工商大学2012年博士研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷
招生专业:统计学考试科目:应用随机过程
考试时间:3小时总分:100分
1.(本题15分)考虑随机点在时间区间 内发生的次数 ,若随机点在 内发生的次数是偶数(视0为偶数),则令 ;若为奇数,且令 ;且 。又设在 内有 个随机点发生的概率与 无关,且 (即参数为 的Poisson分布)Biblioteka 其中 求 的期望 和自相关函数 。
2.(本题15分)设马尔可夫链的状态空间 ,转移概率矩阵为:
求状态的分类、各常返闭集的平稳分布及各状态的平均返回时间。
3.(本题15分)一质点在1、2、3点上作随机游动。若在时刻 质点位于这三个点之一,则在 内,它都以概率 分别转移到其它两点之一。试求质点随机游动的柯尔莫哥洛夫向前微分方程,转移概率 及平稳分布。
7.(本题10分)设 为Brown运动,令 ,
(1)证明 为正态过程;(2)求 。
8.(本题10分)设 为 时刻的人口数量, 为Brown运动,且过程 满足微分方程
,
其中 为常数。试用Ito公式求 的表达式。
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浙江工商大学2004年研究生入学考试试卷—翻译与写作(A卷)
浙江工商大学2004年研究生入学考试试卷—翻译与写作(A卷)招生专业:外国语言学与应用语言学考试科目:翻译与写作考试时间:3小时Part OneTranslation (90%)1 Translate the Following into English (30%)你看见笋的成长吗?你看见过被压在瓦砾和石块下面的一棵小草的生成吗?它为着向往阳光,为着达成它的生之意志,不管上面的石块如何重,石块与石块之间如何狭,它必定要曲曲折折地,但是顽强不屈地透到地面上来。
它的根往土壤钻,它的芽往地面挺,这是一种不可抗的力,阻止它的石块,结果也被它掀翻。
一粒种子的力量的大,如此如此。
没有一个人将小草叫做“大力士”,但是它的力量之大,的确是世界无比。
这种力,是一般人看不见的生命力,只要生命存在,这种力就要显现,上面的石块,丝毫不足以阻挡,因为它是一种“长期抗战”的力,有弹性,能屈能伸的力,有韧性,不达目的不止的力。
种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中,有生命力的种子决不会悲观和叹气,因为有了阻力才有磨练。
生命开始的一瞬间就带了斗争来的草,才是坚韧的草,也只有这种草,才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。
2 Translate the Following into Chinese (30%)In the autumn of the year, Darkness and Night were creeping up to the highest ridges of the Alps.It was vintage time in the valleys on the Swiss side of the Pass of the Great Saint Bernard, and along the banks of the Lake of Geneva. The air there was charged with the scent of gathered grapes. Baskets, troughs, and tubs of grapes stood in the dim village door-ways, stopped the steep and narrow village streets, and had been carrying all day along the roads and lanes. Grapes, split and crushed under foot, lay about everywhere. The child, carried in a sling(吊带) by the laden peasantwoman toiling home, was quieted with picked-up grapes; the idiot sunning his big goiter()under the leaves of the wooden chalet() by the way to the waterfall,sat munching grapes; the breath of the cows and goats was redolent of leaves and stalks of grapes; the company in every little cabaret were eating, drinking, talking grapes. A pity that no ripe touch of this generous abundance could be given to the thin, hard, stony wine, which after all was made from the grapes!The air had been warm and transparent through the whole of the bright day. Shining metal spires and church-roofs, distant and rarely seen, had sparkled in the view; and the snowy mountain-tops had been so clear that unaccustomed eyes,canceling the intervening country, and slighting their rugged heights for something fabulous, would have measured them as within a few hours‘ easy reach. Mountain-peaks of great celebrity in the valleys, whence no trace of their existence was visible sometimes for months together, had been since morning plain and near in the blue sky. And now, when it was dark below, though they seemed solemnly to recede, like specters who were going to vanish, as the red dye of the sunset faded out of them and left them coldly white, they were yet distinctly defined in their loneliness above the mists and shadows.3 Translate the Following Introduction into English (30%)作为中华人民共和国国家建筑材料工业局的综合性外贸企业,本公司是国家建材行业的对外窗口,在全国建材进出口业务中起导向和主渠道作用。
浙江工商大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试卷A卷
A.商业银行B.中央银行
C.股份制银行D.政策性银行
12、在金融市场上公开买卖有价证券来调节货币供应量的政策属于()
A.公开市场业务B.再贴现政策
C.存款准备金政策D.利率政策
13、保险基本原则中,人身保险一般不适用的是()。
A.可保利益原则B.最大诚信原则
2、1999年7月5日,某市居民刘某家失盗,盗窃分子盗走了其18寸北京牌彩电一台,价值1500余元。案发后三个月,刘某得到了保险公司的全额赔款。到2000年4月8日,在该市公安局举办的被盗财物认领会上,刘某意外地发现了自己失盗的彩电,以邻居及所在地派出所出具证明,他又领回这台彩电,但发现损坏了一个机件,经修理后恢复正常,修理费花了85元。彩电被盗复得后,刘某并未通知保险公司,当地群众向保险公司反映了这一情况,于是保险公司工作人员前往刘家,决定收回彩电或让刘某退回赔款,但被刘某拒绝。请问:保险公司的决定是否正确,为什么?
D.当替代效应的效果小于收入效应的效果时增加
5、在完全竞争厂商的短期均衡产量上,AR小于SAC但大于AVC,则厂商()
A.亏损,立即停产B.亏损,但应继续生产
C.亏损,生产或不生产都可以D.获得正常利润,继续生产
6、短期平均成本曲线呈“U”型的原因与()有关
A.规模报酬B.外部经济与不经济
C.要素的边际生产D.固定成本与可变成本所占比重
7、国内生产总值GDP在扣除资本折旧之后被称为()
A.国民生产总值B.国民收入
C.国内生产净值D.个人收入
8、中央银行划分货币层次的主要依据是()
A.收益性B.流动性
C.安全性D.盈利性
9、企业与企业之间相互提供的与商品交易直接相联系的信用是()
浙江工商大学2013年硕士研究生入学考试试卷
年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A )卷考试时间:3小时_________倍;完全湍流时其阻力损失当管道上的阀门开度减小后,管道总阻力损失 。
(减__________;离心泵必须安装在一定高度之下,其目的是为了防止_________,沸点逐效________,各效产生的二次,结合水分含________,________和________。
y A ________,萃余相的组成x A _________。
(增大、减小或9. 板框压滤机一个完整操作周期所包括的总时间为_____时间、_____时间与______时间之和。
10. 用清水吸收空气~氨气混合气体中的氨气,该过程通常属于_______控制的吸收过程,若其它条件不变,而清水用量增加,则吸收率将________。
11. 一台列管式换热器,已知冷流体侧的对流传热系数α1为50W/m 2·k ,热流体侧对流传热系数α2为8000W/m 2·k ,要提高总传热系数K ,最简单有效的途径是 ( );(A). 设法减小α1 (B). 设法增大α2 (C). 同时增大α1和α2 (D). 设法增大α112. 过滤常数K 与下列参数无关的是 ( );(A). 滤液的黏度 (B). 过滤面积 (C). 滤浆的浓度 (D). 滤饼的压缩性13. 流体在管内作完全湍流时,粗糙管的摩擦系数 ( );(A). 仅与ε/d 有关 (B). 仅与Re 有关 (C). 与Re 和ε/d 都有关 (D). 不确定14. 干燥实验中,干燥器进口温度计最小分度是0.1℃,下面是几位同学对同一温度的实验记录,哪一种表述方式是正确的_______。
( );(A). 65℃ (B). 65.0℃ (C). 65.014℃ (D). 65.97℃15. 要提高降尘室的生产能力,应该采取的措施是 ( );(A). 增加降尘室的高度 (B). 增加降尘室的底面积(C). 增大含尘气体的流速 (D). 都可以二、(20分)用一常压气流干燥器干燥某种食品物料,要求其干基含水量从X 1=0.14kg 水/kg 绝干物料降到X 2=0.04 kg 水/kg 绝干物料,干燥器的生产能力G C 为2000kg/h (以绝干产品计);空气进入干燥器时湿含量H 1为0.005kg 水/kg 干空气,温度t 1为120O C ,空气出干燥器时湿含量H 2为0.035kg 水/kg 干空气,按理想干燥过程计算,试求:(1) 蒸发水分量W ,(kg/h );(8分)(2) 干空气消耗量V ,(kg 干空气/h );(8分)(3) 空气出干燥器时的温度t ,(℃)。
2012浙江工商大学研究生入试日语专业基础真题
招生专业:翻译硕士日语笔译
考试科目:359日语翻译基础总分:150分考试时间:3小时
問題一.次の語句を日本語に訳しなさい。(1点×15=15点)
1.马后炮
2.束手无策
3.对牛弹琴
4.自作自受
5.通宵
6.背黑锅
7.百闻不如一见
8.吹牛
9.外行
10.打折扣
文章2
从总体上说,加入WTO对各行各业的上市公司均会造成不同程度的冲击,结合上市公司业绩不佳影响市场信心的现状,业内人士指出,在未来几年内,上市公司将有一个更为明显的分化过程,市场竞争的“优胜劣汰”法则将发挥作用,只有经历了外国竞争者考验的上市公司,才能够在我国证券市场中生存下来。只有那些不但称强于国内市场,而且借我国加入WTO的契机,在国际市场大展宏图的上市公司,才能最终成为中国证券市场的蓝筹股,构筑市场健康发展的基石。
11.打发时间
12.家教
13.电梯
14.画蛇添足
15.畅销书
問題二.次の語句を中国語に訳しなさい。(1点×15=15点)
1.弘法も筆の誤り
2.十八番
3.過ぎたるは猶及ばざるが如し
4.泣き面に蜂
5.以心伝心
6.お人好し
7.顔色をうかがう
8.過保護
9.気が利く
10.口が軽い
11.思いやり
12ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้舌を巻く
13.仕事をサボる
……
十、本協議書(添付書類を含む)は中国語と日本語で各2通づつ作成し双方の代表が署名捺印の上、同等の効力をもつものとする。
中国代表(印) 日本側代表(印)
中国×××人材培訓中心 新世界語学院
2012浙江工商大学研究生入法语真题
浙江工商大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷招生专业:外国语言学及应用语言学、英语语言文学考试科目:256法语总分:100分考试时间:3小时注意:请考生将答案写在答题纸上,写在本试卷上无效。
I. Structure grammaticale et vocabulaire (35 points):1. Il fait beau aujourd’hui, i l n’y a pas _____ nuage.A. unB. leC. deD. une2. Il y a en Chine de nombreux fleuves, _____ le Y angtsé, le Fleuve Jaune, etc.A. tel queB. telle queC. tels queD. telles que3. Je vais vous faire visiter l’université _______ je faisais mes études.A. oùB. queC. quiD. quand4. Je préfère qu’on ______ le taxi.A. prendB. prendsC. prendreD. prenne5. C’est bientôt son anniversaire, qu’est-ce qu’on pourrait _______ apporter ?A. leB. l’C. luiD. en6. Ils aident cette femme ______ ils ne la connaissent pas du tout.A. bien qu’B. puisqu’C. sans qu’D. à condition qu’7. Ils s’intéressent beaucoup ______ la musique.A. pourB. àC. deD. avec8. J’avais l’habitude de me promener le long ____ la Seine après le dîner.A. àB. surC. deD. dans9. Je n’aime pas ____ pain, je veux prendre ____ riz.A. le, duB. de, duC. du, leD. de, le10. Notre ami étranger va nous apprendre ____ chanter en anglais demain.A. deB. pourC. /D. à11. Où sont les voyageurs venus _____ France?A. de laB. deC. duD. au12. Aujourd’hui, je vais à l’école ______ pied.A. deB. pourC. àD. en13. Votre appartement est plus petit que _____.A. le notreB. le nôtreC. le votreD. le vôtre14. C’es t la ____ étudiante de notre classe.A. bonB. mieuxC. meilleurD. meilleure15. Maintenant on peut acheter des pommes en _____ saison.A. toutB. tousC. touteD. toutes16. Benoît nous a réservé une chambre dans _____ hôtel.A. ceB. cetteC. cesD. cet17. Tes _____ sont vraiment trop longs. Il te faut aller chez le coiffeur !A. cheveuxB. chevauxC. cheveuD. cheval18. – Tu aimes faire _____ sport ?– Oui, je joue _____ tennis.A. du ; duB. le ; duC. du ; auD. le ; au19. Nous _____ le français depuis plus de cinq ans.A. apprendB. apprendsC. apprenonsD. apprennent20. Il est _____ faible pour continuer son travail.A. tropB. siC. tantD. tellement21. – Est-ce que vous pensez à vos parents ?– Oui, _____.A. je leur pense souvent.B. je pense souvent à ils.C. je pense souvent à eux.D. je les pense souvent.22. J’ai beaucoup de livres ; mais vous en avez encore _____ que moi.A. autantB. mieuxC. plusD. moins23. _____ on a soif, on veut boire un peu d’eau.A. À cause deB. CommeC. Parce queD. Car24. Racontez-nous quelque chose _____ intéressant !A. d’B. deC. àD. pour25. C’est un écrivain peu célèbre _____ j’ai oublié le nom.A. dontB. queC. quiD. celui26. Hier soir, j’ai dîné avec un _____ ami.A. vieilB. vieuxC. ancienD. ancienne27. _____ retard de Pierre, j’ai manqué l’avion.A. Malgré leB. Grâce auC. Parce queD. À cause du28. Pardon monsieur, je _____ envoyer un télégramme pour l’Espagne, qu’est-ce que je doisfaire ?A. veuxB. voulaisC. voudraisD. voudrai29. J’aimerais savoir _____ s’est passé dans votre chambre cette nuit.A. quiB. ce quiC. queD. ce que30. Où étiez-vous pendant qu’il _____ ?A. a travailléB. travaillaC. travailleD. travaillait31. Eric a acheté une baguette et deux croissants _____ boulanger.A. auB. dans leC. chez leD. en32. V ous devez faire passer votre billet dans la machine à composter _____ dans le train.A. avant que vous montezB. avant que vous montiezC. avant d’être montéD. avant de monter33. Le Directeur veut que nous _____ tous présents à la soirée de demain.A. serionsB. seronsC. étionsD. soyons34. Ah, Michel, _____ voilà, le professeur t’attend à son bureau.A. tuB. vousC. toiD. te35. Nous cherchons un interprète qui _____ parler couramment deux langues étrangères.A. peutB. puisseC. pourraD. pourraitII. Compréhension écrite (20 points):Texte 1 Les sciencesParmi les sciences qui se sont développées depuis le début du vingtième siècle, certaines jouent un rôle essentiel dans toutes les activités de notre vie quotidienne. Il est difficile d’imaginer ce qui se produirait sur la terre si on supprimait tout d’un coup la moitié des machines qui ont étéinventées depuis cinquante ans. Grâce aux applications de la recherche scientifique, elles sont devenues capables de réaliser presque tout ce que font les hommes, beaucoup plus rapidement et souvent mieux qu’eux, et parfois de les remplacer.Les découvertes de la physique et de la ch imie ont transformé notre civilisation. L’électricité a complètement changé notre vie. Quant à l’électronique, elle apporte des solutions à la plupart des problèmes que nous rencontrons dans tous les domaines. Que ce soit dans l’industrie ou la médecine, les télécommunications ou l’enseignement, les transports ou le commerce, et même dans la musique, l’électronique a apporté au cerveau humain une aide précieuse pour organiser son travail et ses loisirs.36. « essentiel » signifie ici :A. importantB. secondaireC. quelconqueD. quelque37. «tout d’un coup » signifie :A. progressivementB. totalementC. subitementD. tout de suite38. « elles » remplace ici :A. toutes les activités de notre vie quotidienneB. les machinesC. les télécommunicationsD. les applications de la recherche scientifique39. « apporter des solutions à » veut dire :A. déciderB. transformerC. résoudreD. demander40. D’après le texte, parmi les sciences qui se sont développées depuis le début du vingtième siècle, laquelle est la plus remarquable ?A. la chimieB. le transportC. la médecineD. l’électroniqueTexte 2Famille, je vous aimeLa célèbre formule de Gide « Famille, je vous hais » a tendance à être remplacée aujourd’hui par « Famille, je vous aime ».Il fait bon vivre en famille puisque les jeunes quittent leur famille de plus en plus tard, parfois à 25 ans. Les jeunes pensent que les parents respectent leur vie personnelle, qu’ils les aident dans leurs études et qu’ils peuvent communiquer avec eux facilemen t.Avant quinze ans, les jeunes se sentent un peu étouffés, ils aimeraient être plus autonomes. Mais les parents veulent fournir à leurs enfants une protection contre l’environnement souvent agressif.Après 16 ans, l’âge difficile de l’adolescence, le dial ogue parents-enfants n’est plus aussi facile. On s’oppose assez souvent sur des problèmes matériels.Mais on s’entend (相处) bien quand même, les conceptions de la vie ne sont pas opposées et il est si pratique d’habiter chez ses parents plutôt que de payer un loyer. Quant aux parents, même s’ils trouvent souvent le réfrigérateur vide, ils ne sont pas mécontents d’avoir l’affection des enfants.41. Dans la phrase «la célèbre formule de Gide ‘Famille, je vous hais’» …, « formule » signifieici __________.A. solutionB. formationC. expressionD. programme42. Généralement, les jeunes quittent leur famille __________.A. avant 25 ansB. moins de 15 ansC. à l’âge de 25 ansD. à partir de 25 ans43. Dans la phrase « il fait bon vivre en famille », « il fait bon » signifie __________.A. il fait chaudB. il est utile deC. il fait un temps magnifiqueD. il est agréable de44. «L’âge difficile de l’adolescence », signifie __________.A. l’âge où les jeunes n’étudient plusB. l’âge où les jeunes ne rentr ent plus à la maisonC. l’âge où les jeunes se disputent plus souventD. l’âge où les jeunes ne veulent plus écouter leurs parents comme autrefois45. Pourquoi les jeunes se sentent un peu étouffés chez leurs parents ?A. Parce que les parents ne sont pas affectueux.B. Parce que les parents s’occupent trop d’eux.C. Parce qu’ils doivent payer un loyer.D. Parce que l’environnement est agressif.III. Traduisez les phrases suivantes en chinois (15 points) :46. Demain, c’est ton anniversaire, je te ferai une grande surprise.47. Quand on apprend une langue étrangère, il faut faire beaucoup d’exercices oraux, il ne suffit pas de faire seulement des exercices écrits.48. L’arrivée du Livre de Poche a été une véritable révolution culturelle dans les années 1950.49. En peu de temps tous les gens qui ne pouvaient s’acheter de livres parce qu’ils étaient trop chers ont pu enfin en acheter à faible prix.50. Les grands éditeurs français ont tout de suite lancé des collections avec un tirage important. IV. Traduisez les phrases suivantes en français (15 points) :51. 小时候,我和我父母一起住在一个小村子里。
浙江工商大学研究生入学考试试卷A卷
浙江工商大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A )卷招生专业:食品科学、生物化工、环境工程、工程硕士(食品工程)考试科目:826化工原理 总分:150分 考试时间:3小时一、填空或选择(每小题3分,共48分):1. 紧贴壁面非常薄的一层流体,该薄层内 很大,这一薄层称为流动边界层。
边界层分离的必要条件是:(a ) ;(b ) ,这两个因素缺一不可。
2. 在右图所示的输水系统中,阀A 、B 和C 全开时,各管路的流速分别为u A 、u B 和u C ,现将B 阀部分关小,则各管路流速的变化应为______。
A . u A 不变,uB 变小,uC 变小B . u A 变大,u B 变小,uC 不变C . u A 变大,u B 变小,u C 变小D . u A 变小,u B 变小,u C 变小3. 流体在圆形管道中作层流流动,如果只将流速增加一倍,则阻力损失为原来的 倍;如果只将管径增加一倍而流速不变,则阻力损失为原来的 倍。
4. 常温下,血液的运动黏度是水的5倍,若欲用水在内径为1cm 的管道中模拟血液在内径为6mm 的血管内以15cm/s 流速流动的动力学情况,水的流速应取 cm/s 。
5. 工业操作中,板框压滤机一个完整的操作周期所包括的总时间分别为_______时间、______时间与_________时间之和。
6. 右图为文献中用到的一种常用换热设备,请你写出该换热设备名称为 。
7. 在恒压过滤中,对于不可压缩滤饼,忽略介质阻力,若其它情况不变,过滤面积增大一倍,则同一时刻所得的滤液量为原来的 ( )。
A 、4倍,B 、2倍C 、 0.5倍D 、1.5倍。
8. 用水在逆流操作的套管换热器中冷却某物料,要求热流体的进、出口温度保持一定。
现由于某种原因,热流体的出口温度升高,为保证完成生产任务,采用提高冷却水流量的办法。
则与原工况相比,以下各参数的变化趋势是:换热器的传热速率Q ________,总传热系数K ________,对数平均温度差Δt m ___________。
浙江工商大学翻译与写作2005年考研专业课初试真题
浙江工商大学翻译与写作2005年考研专业课初试真题浙江工商大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷招生专业:外国语言学与应用语言学考试科目:翻译与写作考试时间:3小时Part Translation(90%)1、Translate the Following into Chinese(25%)He began to collect books and soon he had an immense library. His legal training had taught him to read quickly. He settled down to work. At first he had been accustomed to foregather in the evening with the painters, Writers, and such like who met in the little tavern near the Piazza, but presently he withdrew himself, for his absorption in his studies became more pressing. He had been accustomed to bathe in that bland sea and to take long walks among the pleasant vineyards, but little by little, grudging the time, he ceased to do so. He worked harder than he had ever worked in Detroit. He would start at noon and work all through the night till the whistle of the steamer that goes every morning from Capri to Naples told him that it was five o’clock and time to go to bed. His subject opened out before him, vaster and more significant, and he imagined a work that would put him forever beside the great historians of the past. As the years went by he was to be found seldom in the ways of men. He could be tempted to come out of his house only by a game of chess or the chance of an argument. He loved to set his brain against another’s. He was widely read now, not only in history, but in philosophy and science; and he was a skilful controversialist, quick, logical, and incisive. But he had good-humour and kindliness; though he took a very human pleasurein victory, he did not exult in it to your mortification.2、Translate the Following into English(25%)语言是心声,语言是表达自己的最主要的方式,世界上最痛苦的人是什么呢,你知道吗?就是哑巴。
浙江工商大学_管理学原理2005年_考研专业课真题试卷
浙江工商大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A卷)
招生专业:企业管理、技术经济与管理
考试科目:管理学原理
考试时间:3小时
一、单项选择题(每小题1分,共10分)
1、“管理就是决策”,是由谁提出来的?
A、泰罗
B、法约尔
C、西蒙
D、韦伯
2、管理的核心是:
A、组织
B、管理者
C、员工
D、处理各种人际关系
3、被称为“组织理论之父”。
A、泰罗
B、法约尔
C、西蒙、
D、韦伯
4、计划工作中的原理有时被形象地称做“木桶原理”。
A、限定因素原理
B、许诺原理
C、灵活性原理
D、改变航道原理
5、目标管理强调。
A、目标分解
B、自我控制
C、客观评价
D、参与管理
6、某企业采用直线职能制的组织结构,企业中共有管理人员42人,其中厂长1人,车间主任4人,班组长18人,职能科长3人,科员16人。
每一岗位均不设副职。
这时,厂长的管理幅度为:。
A、4
B、22
C、7
D、23
7、“集中政策指导下的分散经营”是哪种组织结构类型的主要特点?。
A、直线制
B、直线职能制
C、矩阵制
D、事业部制
8、下面各种沟通方式中,集中化程度高,解决问题的速度快,领导能力强的是哪一种?。
2012年浙江工商大学432统计学考研试题
年发展速度(%)
105 106 107 108 109
年数(频数)
3
3
211
则年平均发展速度的计算式子为(
)。
A. 105% ×106%×107% ×108%×109%
B. 5 105% ×106% ×107% ×108% ×109%
3×105% + 3×106% + 2×107% +1×108% +1×109%
A. 0.6
B. 5 11
C. 6 11
D. 0.75
3. 设 X 在[0,5]上服从均匀分布,则方程 4 y2 + 4 Xy + X = 0 有实根的概率为(
)。
A. 0.6 B. 0.8 C. 0.2 D. 0.4
4. 设随机变量 X ~ N (3, 22 ) ,且 P( X > a) = P( X < a) ,则常数 a 为( )。
)。
N −n
A.
N −1
B. N +1 N +n
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C. N −1 N −n
N +n
D.
N +1
26. 在时点数列中,称为“间隔”的是(
)。
A. 最初水平与最末水平之间的距离 B. 最初水平与最末水平之差 C. 两个相邻指标在时间上的距离 D. 两个相邻指标数值之间的距离 27. 某企业职工人数及非生产人员数资料如下
4月1日
5月1日
6月1日
7月1日
职工人数(人)
2000
2020
2030
2010
非生产人数(人) 360
2012浙江工商大学研究生入试综合英语真题
浙江工商大学2012年研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷招生专业:外国语言学及应用语言学、英语语言文学考试科目:615综合英语总分:150分考试时间:180分钟(所有答案请写在答题纸上,写在本试卷上的无效!)I.Vocabulary & Structure (30%)Directions:There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that best completes the sentence. Writer your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.ernment decided to help companies ______ the crisis by offering them a low-interestloan.A.get throughB. get roundC. get off toD. get into2.He was annoyed with his girl friend for she had disposed ______ those old but valuable bookshis father left him.A.outB. awayC. inD. of3.To ______ further research is one important properties of a scientific theory.A. arouseB. advocateC. stimulateD. renew4. A good education should offer a ______ among the branches of knowledge that contribute toeffective thinking and wise judgment.A. balanceB. distributionC. combinationD. spread5.Yingluck Shinawatra, the new premier in Thailand, won the political support for her great______.A. intentionB. integrityC. instinctD. intensity6.The evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was ______ to the issue at hand.A. unreasonableB. irrelevantC. invalidD. irrational7.Obama spoke so ______ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A. franklyB. emphaticallyC. loudlyD. convincingly8.Before purchasing the car, they gave it a thorough ______.A. inspectationB. observationC. reflectionD. check-in9.Susan enthusiastically joined the drama society but didn’t seem to ______, so she left.A. fit upB. fit outC. fit inD. fit in with10.He couldn’t tell ______ from a distance whether it was Sam or his brother.A. at largeB. in nameC. for sureD. in short11. People should learn to use their sense freely and ______, and develop positive attitudestowards themselves.A. creativelyB. intellectuallyC. conductivelyD. productively12. The government has to provide a very ______ explanation for the new medical care reform.A. understandingB. sophisticatedC. comprehensiveD. compulsory13. Richard Clayderman is a (n) ______musician who learned from his father when he was five.A. ancientB. giftedC. originalD. uncivilized14. The deal was finally made through the ______ of the local government.A. conventionB. insertionC. interventionD. interference15. There is no perfect policies concerning the education reform, and each of the proposed oneshas its own ______.A. frontiersB. limitsC. bordersD. limitations16. Ladies and gentlemen, the train to Xiamen will leave from _____ at 5:30 p.m.A. Platform FourB. the Platform FourC. Fourth PlatformD. the Four Platform17. I didn’t go to Susan’s gallery, for I didn’t like ______.A. those paintings of hersB. those her paintingsC. her those paintingsD. those paintings of her18. The apartments John has looked at so far were so expensive that he is better off ______ wherehe is.A. stayB. to stayC. stayingD. stayed19. No one would expect a 5-year-old boy to have walked ______ far, ten miles!A. /B. suchC. thatD. as20. Mary and her husband could hardly understand each other, ______?A. could sheB. could heC. couldn’t theyD. could they21. _______, you would not have recovered so quickly.A. Hadn’t you taken the doctor’s adviceB. Had you not taken the doctor’s adviceC. Had not you taken the doctor’s adviceD. Had you taken the doctor’s advice22. It was not until midnight ______ the assignment.A. that students finishedB. that students did not finishC. did students finishD. did students not finish23. The more we thought of the lost boy, ______ did we get worried.A. the moreB. the betterC. the mostD. the best24. You should always stick to the principle, ______ obstacles you may meet.A. whicheverB. howeverC. whoeverD. whatever25. In ancient China, thunder was believed to be a manifestation of the ______ of the gods.A. spiritB. powerC. wrathD. sorrow26. Nothing can ______ permanent happiness.A. insureB. ensureC. assureD. reassure27. Before the earthquake, many people may have an ______ feeling of impending disaster.A. uncannyB. intangibleC. ambiguousD. ambivalent28. For the pressure from purchasing a house, I’m getting awfully ______.A. economicB. thriftyC. stingyD. economical29. You cannot rely on those who ______ back from any commitment.A. shrinkB. shortenC. decreaseD. lessen30. Employers should ______ their workmen for injuries.A. composeB. compensateC. compriseD. encloseⅡ.Reading Comprehension (50%)Directions: Read the following 5 passages carefully, and choose the best answer to each question from the four choices given. Writer your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage A“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise,” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While there’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.Stress that you can manage may also boost immune function. In a study at the Academic center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that’s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downtown in the antibody.Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on Longevity, “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”31. The passage is mainly about______.A. the benefits of manageable stressB. how to avoid stressful situationsC. how to cope with stress effectivelyD. the effects of stress hormones on memory32. The word “shun” most probably means______.A. cut down onB. stay away fromC. run out ofD. put up with33. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that ______.A. people under stress tend to have a poor memoryB. people who can’t get their job done experience most stressC. doing challenging work may be good for one’s healthD. stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs34. In the experiment described in Paragraph 3, the video-watchers experienced a downturn in theantibody because______.A. the video was not enjoyable at allB. the outcome was beyond their controlC. they knew little about surgical proceduresD. they felt no pressure while watching the video35. Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that______.A. a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his bodyB. stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brainC. short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory functionD. a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stressPassage BIn sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, wanting prosperity and increasing social unrest led to the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon absorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules which promote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are consideration for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents’ presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that, after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regular behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess pure and dedicated love to a lady who should be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionablesociety had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of hi life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.36. In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, the ruling families ______.A. tried to destroy the lower and middle classes using etiquetteB. discriminated against the lower classes using etiquetteC. tried to teach etiquette to the lower and middle classesD. put the middle and working classes into fenced enclosures37. In England, the upper classes ______.A. have always followed the French attitude to the lower classesB. accept the newly rich in spite of their lower-class mannersC. publish books on etiquette for the newly richD. seem to accept a newly rich person provided he makes some attempt to adjust toupper-class life38. Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: ______.A. practical rules, optional moral duties and formal complimentsB. formal compliments, basic moral duties and practical rulesC. optional moral duties, optional practical rules and artificial gracesD. rules, regulations and requirements39. The customs of young men bowing to show respect when passing the dwellings of their elderswas cited as a characteristic of ______.A. the ancient EgyptiansB. parts of TanzaniaC. England, about a century agoD. all societies40. The practical rules of etiquette, for example those governing table manners ______.A. are the same all over the worldB. sometimes vary according to time and circumstanceC. became unnecessary with the invention of the knife and forkD. are not liable to changePassage CA new policy on public rental housing is allowing more low- and middle-income families to apply for homes. But people without Beijing hukou --- permanent residence permits --- must wait for more details to be released before they can take advantage of the change.The policy, which took effect on Thursday, also pertains to larger local families with three or four members and allows residents without hukou to apply for those documents if they have worked in the city for an as yet undetermined number of years.“In addition to the amount of years they have been working in Beijing, a limit on annual income will be set later,” said an official from the Beijing Municipal Committee of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, who declined to be named, “b ecause some residents said it’s only fair that they should have the same restrictions as local families.”The precise restrictions on migrant people will vary by district depending on an applicant’s situation and the number of candidates and public rental units in the district. The districts will later release detailed guidelines.Some migrant workers had lost hope of being able to get government-subsidized housing because they feared they would not be eligible for it or that they would have to wait too long. “It’s too complicated and most of these units are far from the downtown, which means spending more time on the road, so I gave up,” said Zhang Lifeng, a technician renting an apartment near Zhongguancun with a friend.Yin Bocheng, director of the real estate research center at Fudan University, supports restricting applications according to the amount of time an applicant has spent on the job. “Because of the limited supply of these units, it’s necessary to narrow down the number of the applicants,” he said on Thursday. But the restrictions should be flexible and change according to different situations, Yin said. He added that although applicants might at first become eligible after three years, for instance, as the supply later gets larger and applicants fewer, that time could be shortened.41. Which one is TRUE in the following statements?A. Only a limited number of people can apply for public rental housing.B. Only low- and middle-income families can apply for public rental housing.C. All the migrant people can apply for public rental housing.D. All the residence in Beijing can apply for public rental housing.42. The restrictions on the migrant people for public rental housing are ______.A. a limit on annual incomeB. the number of the family memberC. the amount of time they have been working in BeijingD. A and C43. “E ligible” in Paragraph 5 means ______.A. to be legalB. toe have enough moneyC. to have the qualificationD. to have permanent residence permits44. According to the passage, which one is TRUE concerning the new policy?A. The new policy took effect all around Beijing in the same way.B. The new policy varied according to the district’s condition.C. The new policy varied according to the identity of the applicants.D. The new policy varied according to the applicants’ income.45. The purpose of setting the limitations is ______.A. to decrease the population of BeijingB. to solve the problem of supply limitationC. to decrease the population of applicantsD. to solve the problem of the migrants’ housingPassage DEvery year dozens of companies publish their lists of the world’s top universities, compiling masses of data from the universities as they go. The most influential are the Times Higher Education World Top 400, the QS World University Rankings, and the US News & World Report World’s Best Universities.One critic of the ranking system recently described them as “a high-stakes beauty contest.”Universities, especially those in developing countries, were told recently to avoid trying to keep up with Joneses. The comment came at a forum organized by UNESCO, the Institutional Management of Higher Education and the World Bank.“Instead of trying to conform to the prevailing monoculture approach to higher education by funneling scarce public funds to create flagship universities, governments should ignore rankings altogether,” forum participants were told. Sandro Calvani of the Asian Institute of Technology in Bangkok agrees.“Asian universities manage knowledge on Asia better than the West and they do it in a way the West cannot see or does not wish to see,” Calvani said. He is an education expert and director of the institute’s ASEAN Regional Center of Excellence on Millennium Development Goals. In his view, many Western elite universities lack Asian expertise on sustainable development, global public good and human security concerns. “The Times and QS university rankings … do not take into consideration the relevant direct outreach work done in Asia by Asian universities to facilitate policy innovation and problem solving.”46. What does it mean by saying that the ranking system is “a high-stakes beauty contest”(in Paragraph 2)?A. Because its results are beautiful.B. There is always a beauty contest when some universities become top ones.C. It looks beautiful, but actually dangerous.D. The contest for top universities costs much money on the one hand and gets more on theother.47. “Keep up with Joneses” (in Paragraph 2) means ______.A. to maintain the same standards as othersB. to be at the same leave with the person named JonesesC. to be at the same leave with the university named JonesesD. to be at the same leave with the ranking system named Joneses48. Which one is TRUE about the Asia universities?A. Governments pay no attention to the ranking.B. Governments pay no money for the ranking.C. Governments pay limited money for education.D. Governments pay sufficient money for education.49. According to Sandro Calvani, governments should ignore rankings altogether, because _____.A. Western ranking is not fit for Asia universities who know more about Asia’s educationB. Western education is not worthy of attentionC. Western ranking is poor, for they cannot see the advantages of Asia universitiesD. Asia rankings are much better than western ones50. Western ranking systems, according to Calvani, are ______.A. biased in judging Asia universitiesB. insufficient in judging Asia universitiesC. proud when they look at Asia universities in a western wayD. content to judge Asia universitiesPassage EAuctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asked the crowd to gather in the auction room to bid for various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a raised platform.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction and the English word comes from the Latin “autic”, meaning “increase”. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called “sub hasta”, meaning “under the spear”, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer and bids could be made while it was burning.Practically all goods can be sold by auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, fruit, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and works of art. The auct ion rooms at Christie’s and Sotheby’s in London and New York are world famous.An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by the buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with lot one and continue the numerical order; he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding.51.Auctioned goods are sold ______.A. for the highest price offeredB. at fixed pricesC. at prices lower than their true valueD. at prices offered by the auctioneer52. The end of bidding is called “knocking down” because _____.A. the auctioneer knocks on the tableB. the auctioneer names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goodsC. the goods are knocked down onto the tableD. the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer53. In the sentence “The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war”, the word“spoils” most probably means _____.A. useless goodsB. spearsC. various kind of foodD. property taken from the enemy54. In England a candle was used to burn at auction sales _____.A. because the auction sales took place at nightB. as a signal for the crowd to gatherC. to keep the auction room warmD. to limit the time when offers of prices could be made55. An auction catalogue gives buyers _____.A. the current market values of the goodsB. details of the goods to be soldC. the orders in which goods are to be soldD. free admission to the auction saleIII. Rhetorical Knowledge (30%)Directions:There are 15 sentences, each of which has a figure of speech, and there are four kinds of figure marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and writer your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.56. I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.A. anti-climaxB. climaxC. punD. hyperbole57. She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy.A. zeugmaB. simileC. epigramD. metaphor58. The mother is undergoing the joyful pain, and the painful joy of childbirth.A. alliterationB. antithesisC. oxymoronD. synecdoche59. --- I hope you’ll be reasonable in your terms.--- If you allow me, I will call your carriage for you.A. allusionB. assonanceC. euphemismD. zeugma60. One day I was packing for my trip, but I couldn’t fit everything into my suitcase; I bet mysuitcase would start crying if I stuff it anymore.A. punB. personificationC. epigraphD. analogy61. When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.A. hyperboleB. simileC. metonymyD. paradox62. A few hundred pounds of twenty dollar bills ought to solve that problem nicely.A. contrastB. understatementC. alliterationD. synecdoche63. She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule myhead.A. parodyB. metonymyC. ironyD. euphemism64. Where there is a will, there is a lawsuit.A. assonanceB. personificationC. parodyD. oxymoron65. It was another one of those Catch-22 situations, you’re damned if you do, and you are damnedif you don’t.A. allusionB. simileC. repetitionD. hyperbole66. The rain fell pitter-patter on the window the whole night.A. parallelismB. zeugmaC. ironyD. onomatopoeia67. The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder.A. understatementB. transferred epithetC. euphemismD. allusion68. My money and goods are as dear to me as life itself.A. simileB. metonymyC. hyperboleD. anti-climax69. The case snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history.A. antithesisB. onomatopoeiaC. metaphorD. zeugma70. That’s one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.A. repetitionB. antithesisC. alliterationD. assonanceIV. Proofreading & Error Correction (20%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE ERROR ONLY. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. Copy the relevant part (a word, a phrase or a sentence where an error is) on the ANSWER SHEET at first, and for a wrong word, underline it and write the correct one; for a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “۸” sign and write the word you believe to be missing; for an unnecessary word, cross it with a slash “/”.These days, Coca Cola is one of the symbol of America. But it’s come a long way from its humble start. The drink was discovered by John Pemberton, who lived in the southern state of Georgia. Pemberton was a retired US civil war officer who owned a drugstore and believed the healing potential of various plants. Coca Cola evolved from a product calling French Wine Cola. This was a mixture of Peruvian coca leaves, the purest wine and the kola nut. Pemberton said that the native South American Indians used the coca leaf frequently and they believed in its beneficial effects in the mind and body. This drink was very successful in the south of the US, particular in Pemberton’s home state of Georgia.However, in 1886, alcohol was banned in Atlanta. So, Pemberton has to replace the wine in the French Wine Cola for sugar syrup. He used the name Coca Cola to describe this new “sweet” recipe. The new Coca Cola drink was immediately so successful as French Wine Cola. And very soon, local business men were selling Coca Cola commercially around the country, giving Pemberton royalties of five cents for each gallon. Not until 1903, Coca Cola contained an estimated 9 milligrams of cocaine per glass. However, later, manufacturers started using coca leaves with the cocaine removing. Nowadays, Coca Cola uses a specially-grown, non-narcotic coca leaf. 71.____________72. ____________73. ____________74.____________75. ____________76. ____________77. ____________78. ____________79. ____________80. ____________V. Close (20%)Directions: In the following passage, there are 20 blanks. Choose one from the four choices A, B, C, and D, and make the meaning complete. Write the answers on the ANSWER SHEET.At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? The American public overwhelmingly thinks they’re bad. Yet the consensus among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small net ___81___ to the economy. Immigrants provide cheap labor, ___82___ the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets.。
浙江工商大学马克思主义基本原理2012年考研专业课初试真题
浙江工商大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷
招生专业:马克思主义基本原理
考试科目:马克思主义基本原理总分:150分考试时间:3小时
一、简答题(每小题15分,共90分)
1、
有一种观点认为,阶级性与科学性是不相容的,凡是代表某个阶级利益和愿望的社会理论,就不可能是科学的。
你怎么评价这样的观点?
2、如何理解社会生活本质上是实践的?
3、如何理解认识和实践、主观和客观具体的历史的统一?
4、怎样理解社会基本矛盾是社会发展的根本动力。
5、社会发展是社会基本矛盾运动的结果,可历史事件又是人们意志的“合力”造成的,两者不矛盾吗?这与“国家兴亡,匹夫有责”是怎样的关系?
6、试论劳动价值论及其意义。
二、论述题(每题30分,共60分。
三道题中可任选两题作答。
如三道题均答,则最后一题无效)
1、联系实际思考矛盾普遍性与矛盾特殊性辩证关系原理的重要意义。
2、如何理解真理和价值、科学精神和人文精神的辩证统一关系?
3、怎样理解无产阶级专政和社会主义民主?
答案写在答题纸上第1页(共1页)。
浙江工商大学_法语(二外)2013年_考研专业课真题试卷
浙江工商大学2013年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)考试科目:256 法语(二外) 总分:(100分)考试时间:3小时I.Structure grammaticale et vocabulaire(35 points)1. Il fait clair aujourd’hui, il n’y a pas _____ vent.A. unB. uneC. deD. du2. Nous avons cours _____ jeudi.A. auB. ceC. enD. à3. Je vais te faire visiter le village _____ j’ai passé toute mon enfance.A. queB. oùC. quiD. quand4. Nous commandons _____ du jour au restaurant.A. le platB. le menuC. la carteD. les plats5. Elle n’a rien _____ spécial à nous dire.A. sansB. deC. àD. pour6. C’est un écrivain peu célèbre _____ j’ai déjà oublié le nom.A. dontB. queC. quiD. celui7. Il est _____ petit pour faire ce travail seul.A. tropB. siC. deD. tellement8. Le professeur demande que nous _____ tous présents aux cours demain.A. seronsB. allonsC. étionsD. soyons9. Notre école cherche un professeur qui _____ enseigner l’informatique.A. peutB. pourraC. pourraitD. puisse10. Ma mère a travaillé dans _____ école secondaire.A. ceB. cetC. cesD. cette11. Mon frère voudrait du thé vert, mais moi, je préfère _____ eau minérale.A. de l’B. l’C. uneD. d’12. Je préfère que nous ______ la première rue.A. prendreB. prenonsC. prendonsD. prenions13. Qu’est-ce que vous voulez, _____ Madame ?A. laB. /C. uneD. ma14. --- C’est le livre de Sophie ?--- Oui, c’est _____ livre.A. sonB. saC. sesD. mon15. _____ projet ne lui plaît.A. AucunB. AucuneC. ToutD. Toute16. Aujourd’hui, c’est _____ 1er juillet.A. /B. unC. leD. en17. --- Il vient de France ?--- Oui, il _____ vient.A. yB. laC. enD. lui18. Votre mère est professeur, la mienne _____ est aussi.A. leB. laC. enD. l’19. Nathalie et son père _____ de la maison.A. sont sortiB. sont sortieC. sont sortisD. sont sorties20. On cherche une vendeuse _____ parler l’anglais et le français.A. sachantB. savoirC. sacheD. sait21. Catherine a acheté une veste _____ rouge.A. toutesB. tousC. touteD. tout22. Les jeunes de 16 à 25 ans sont deux fois plus _____ par le chômage que la moyenne des Français.A. touchésB. influencésC. intéressésD. atteints23. Comme d’habitude, Nicolas est le dernier _____ arriver.A. d’B. àC. pourD. en24. J’ai pas mal de romans, mais tu en as encore _____ que moi.A. beaucoupB. plusC. mieuxD. moins25. _____ il neige, nous allons partir.A. Quoiqu’B. Quoi qu’C. SiD. Même26. Paul, _____ se passe dans la classe ?A. qu’est-ce queB. ce queC. qu’est-ce quiD. ce qui27. Le temps passe vite, nous apprenons le français _____ déjà deux ans.A. il y aB. enC. dansD. depuis28. _____ ton retard, nous avons manqué le train.A. A cause deB. MalgréC. Grâce àD. Parce que29. De ces deux voitures, je préfère _____ qui est bleue.A. celuiB. celleC. ceuxD. celles30. Hier, si nous _____ le taxi, nous serions arrivés à temps à la réunion.A. avons prisB. sommes prisC. prenionsD. avions pris31. Est-ce que les filles _____ les mains avant de manger ?A. se sont lavéB. se sont lavéeC. se sont lavésD. se sont lavées32. La réunion _____, on rentra à l’école.A. finirB. finiC. finieD. finira33. --- Avez-vous parlé de ce projet à votre patron ?--- Oui, nous _____ avons parlé.A. le luiB. lui yC. vous enD. lui en34. Il a _____ couru qu’il est très fatigué.A. siB. beaucoupC. autantD. tellement35. Vous connaissez son histoire ? Racontez - _____, je vous écoute.A. la-moiB. le-moiC. me laD. la-nouspréhension écrite(20 points)Texte1Une lettreChers amis,A l’occasion du Nouvel An, je vous souhaite une bonne et heureuse année, une excellente santé et le succès dans tous vos projets !Ici, nous nous préparons à célébrer la Saint-Sylvestre entre amis : à minuit, ou à zéro heure exactement, tout le monde s’embrassera sous la boule de gui suspendue au plafond, et offrira ses meilleurs vœux. On sablera le champagne et, dans la rue, on entendra le concert des klaxons.Nous avons passé le réveillon de Noël en famille. Au menu, il y avait des huîtres et du foie gras en entrée, de la dinde aux marrons comme plat principal et, au dessert, bien sûr, la bûche traditionnelle. Sur les douze coups de minuit, les enfants ont ouvert leurs cadeaux disposés près de leurs souliers, au pied de l’arbre de Noël installé au salon, à côté de la cheminée. Les branches du sapin ployaient sous le poids des boules multicolores et des guirlandes scintillantes. Nous avons beaucoup chanté toute la soirée. Au répertoire, naturellement, l’inévitable chanson de circonstance " Petit papa Noël " …Et vous ? Je voudrais bien savoir comment vous passez les fêtes de fin d’année.A bientôt, j’espère, le plaisir d’avoir de vos nouvelles.Avec toute mon amitié,Françoise36.« Offrir ses meilleurs vœux » signifieA .donner ses plus beaux cadeaux.B.montrer son visage le plus agréable.C.porter ses plus beaux vêtements.D.former ses meilleurs souhaits.37.D’après le texte, à minuitA.les automobilistes klaxonnent tous ensemble.B.un concert traditionnel est organisé dans la rue au milieu des voitures.C.les sons harmonieux des klaxons font penser à un concert.D.un bal est lancé dans la rue au milieu des voitures.38.Au menu, il y avait bûche en entrée.B.du foie gras comme plat principal.C.des huîtres comme plat principal.D.de la dinde aux marrons comme plat principal.39.D’après le texte, on a passéA.le réveillon de Noël en famille.B.le Noël entre amis.C.le réveillon de Noël entre amis. Saint-Sylvestre en famille.40.Sur les douze coups de minuit, les enfants ont ouvert leurs cadeaux disposésA.dans leurs souliers.B.au pied de l’arbre de Noël.C.sur l’arbre de NoëlD.à côté de la cheminée.Texte2L’alcoolLes Français détiennent le triste record de consommation d’alcool par habitant en Europe, les hommes étant trois fois plus nombreux à boire que les femmes. L’alcool coûte plus cher à la collectivité que les taxes reversées à l'Etat...A défaut d’être champions du monde, nous sommes déjà les champions d’Europe du verre d’alcool. Triste titre puisqu’il s’agit de celui de la consommation d’alcool par habitant.Si les femmes se mettent, hélas, de plus en plus, à pratiquer ce plaisir qui devient une vilaine habitude en cas d’excès, il faut toutefois savoir que les hommes sont trois fois plus nombreux à boire des boissons alcoolisées tous les jours que les femmes. D’où cette campagne organisée par le comité français d’éducation pour la santé qui à l’aide d’une pleine page dans l’EQUIPE proclame : Bois moins, si tu es un homme !Car il faut tordre le cou et les jambes : Non, l’alcool ne réchauffe pas. Non,l’alcool n'est pas source de bonne énergie. Non, l’alcool ne rend pas plus viril et, surtout, contrairement à ce que certains peuvent prétendre, l’alcool coûte plus cher àla collectivité que ce que ne rapportent les taxes à l'État.41.Les Français consomment le plus d’alcoolA.chez eux.B.dans les bars.C.en Europe.D.dans le monde entier.42.Les statistisques montrent que les femmesA. ne boivent pas.B. boivent moins que les hommes.C. boivent autant que les hommes.D. boivent plus que les hommes. campagne contre les excès de la consommation d’alcool a été lancéeA.dans une émission radio.B.dans un magazine écologique.C.dans un programme de télévision.D.dans un journal sportif.44.D’après le texte, l’alcoolA.est source de bonne énergie.B.ne réchauffe pasC.rend plus viril.D.ne coûte pas cher.45.Le slogan « Bois moins si tu es un homme ! »A.s’en prend aux drogues douces.B.s’en prend au mythe de l’alcool associé à la virilité.C.s’en prend aux femmes qui boivent.D.s’en prend aux commerçants de boissons alcoolisées.Texte3La bicyclette La bicyclette est devenue un moyen de transport grandement apprécié desMontréalais. Il existe plus de 140 kilomètres de voies cyclables à travers la ville, permettant ainsi une circulation et des promenades agréables d'un bout à l'autre de l'île durant la belle saison, d'avril à novembre ou jusqu'aux premières neiges.La bicyclette est une activité accessible à presque tout le monde. En la pratiquant, on améliore sa condition physique sans les contraintes des sports qui exigent un emplacement particulier et un équipement coûteux.De plus, c'est un moyen de transport qui ne demande que des frais d'entretien minimes et une mise au point au début de la saison. Tout cela est bien moins cher que les frais d'essence et de réparation d'une voiture.Un autre avantage est qu'elle occupe peu de place dans la rue et à la maison, on peut la ranger dans le garage, le cabanon, le sous-sol ou même... dans son salon.En dernier lieu, elle ne pollue pas puisque pour la faire marcher, il faut pédaler et non mettre de l'essence et allumer un moteur.Voyager à bicyclette a donc plusieurs avantages: c'est sain, pratique etéconomique. Voilà une façon bien pensée de joindre l'utile à l'agréable.46.Se déplacer en bicyclette est une activitéA.peu pratiquée par les Montréalais.B.utile mais peu connue des Montréalais.C.difficile à pratiquer à Montréal.D.que les Montréalais aiment..47.Faire de la bicyclette est une activitéA.que presque tout le monde peut pratiquer.B.accessible à quelques personnes seulement.C.réservée uniquement aux sportifs.D.que l’on peut pratiquer toute l'année. bicycletteA.est difficile à entretenir.B.prend beaucoup de place dans un appartement.C.est difficile à garer dans la rue.D.n'occupe que peu de place partout où on va.49.Cela ne coûte pas cher de voyager en bicycletteA.parce qu'on paie peu de frais pour l'essence.B.car on ne paie que les frais d'entretien et de mise au point.C.parce qu'on devient sportifD.parce qu'on fait diminuer la pollution.50.Faire de la bicycletteA.est une bonne activité pour la santé.B.demande beaucoup d'efforts.C.n'est pas bon pour la santé.D.fait augmenter la condition physique pendant la belle saison.Texte4Le Centre Pompidou Le Centre Pompidou est né, en février 1977, de la volonté de Georges Pompidou, Président de la République, de faire construire à Paris un édifice public, où la création culturelle moderne et contemporaine soit présentée sous toutes ses formes : sculptures, peintures, livres, cinéma, vidéo, spectacles, musique…Vingt ans et quelque 160 millions de visiteurs après, le Centre a mené à bien une campagne de plus de deux ans de travaux, pour offrir au public le 1er janvier 2000 un bâtiment réorganisé et remis à neuf.Les activités du Centre sont :- La présentation des collections permanentes du Musée national d’art moderne,- Centre de création industrielle,- Les expositions,- La lecture publique proposée par la Bibliothèque publique d’information (BPI),- Le spectacle vivant (théâtre, danse, musique),- Le cinéma, les colloques et débats, les éditions.Le Centre Pompidou comprend deux départements, deux organismes associés et des directions et services culturels et administratifs. La BPI en chiffres :- 10 000 m² sur 3 niveaux ;- 14 kilomètres de rayonnages ;- 2 000 places assises ;- 370 postes de consultation multimédias ;- 350 000 documents imprimés en libres accès ;- 2 300 périodiques ;- 135 méthodes de langues ;- 10 000 CD musicaux ;- 2 200 films ;- Plus de 100 à 150 logiciels d’apprentissage ;- un nombre toujours croissant de cédéroms ;- 5 cabines spécialement équipées pour les non-voyants et les malvoyants.51. Le Centre Pompidou estA. construit à Paris à la mémoire du président Georges Pompidou.B.né en janvier 1977.C. un musée de la création culturelle moderne et contemporaine.D. une bibliothèque nationale.52. On ne peut pas voir dans le Centre PompidouA. les expositions ;B.les films ;C. les peintures impressionnistes ;D. les documents ;53. Si vous voulez apprendre une langue étrangère, vous pourrez aller au Centre Pompidou parce qu’il y aA. 10 000 CD musicaux ;B. 2 200 films ;C. 14 kilomètres de rayonnages ;D. 135 méthodes de langues.54. Quelle information est-elle fausse ?A. Le Centre Pompidou a quelque 160 millions de visiteurs par an;B. On a réorganisé le Centre Pompidou il y a quelques années ;C. Le bâtiment du Centre Pompidou est remis à neuf le 1er janvier 2000 ;D. La réorganisation a duré plus de deux ans55. Quelle mesure nous montre le côté humanitaire du Centre Pompidou ?A. Le spectacle sous toutes ses formes ;B. 2 000 places assises ;C. Plus de 100 à 150 logiciels d’apprentissage ;D. 5 cabines spécialement équipées pour les non-voyants et les malvoyants.III.Traduisez les phrases suivantes en chinois(15 points)56.Pas à pas, on va loin.57.Hier, ils ont eu une conférence jusqu'à six heures du soir. Ensuite, ils sont allés dîner au restaurant et ont pris un verre dans un bar. population de la France s’élève à 58 millions d’habitants. Paris est sa capitale qui est la plus grande ville de France. La Seine traverse la ville de Paris et la divise en deux parties.59.C’est le rêve de beaucoup de Français : une fermette pas très chère, pas trop loin de la ville, où passer ses week-ends en attendant de s’y retirer, l’âge de la retraite venu.60.Le développement de la Chine, loin d'être une menace, est une opportunité pour le monde.IV.Traduisez les phrases suivantes en français(15 points)61. 杭州夏天,天亮得很早,黑得很晚。
2012浙江工商大学研究生入试翻译与写作真题
浙江工商大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)卷招生专业:外国语言学及应用语言学/英语语言文学考试科目:820 翻译与写作总分:150分考试时间:3小时(请在答题纸上答题,写在本试卷上无效)Part One Translation (90分/150)1.Translate the Following English into Chinese (20分):Let me come to the point boldly; what governs the Englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. It is nothing particularly spiritual or mysterious. When he has taken his exercise and is drinking his tea or his beer and lighting his pipe; when, in his garden or his fire, he sprawls in an aggressively comfortable chair; when well-washed and well-brushed, he resolutely turns in church to the east and recites the Creed without in the least implying that he believes one word of it. When he makes up his mind who is his best friend or his favorite poet; when he adopts a party or a sweetheart; — never is it a precise reason, or purpose, or outer fact that determines him; it is always the atmosphere of his inner man.2. Translate the Following into English (25分):从心所欲,不是说可以倚老卖老,我行我素,予取予求,惹人生厌。
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浙江工商大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A )卷
招生专业:食品科学、生物化工、环境工程、工程硕士(食品工程)
考试科目:826化工原理 总分:150分 考试时间:3小时
一、填空或选择(每小题3分,共48分):
1. 紧贴壁面非常薄的一层流体,该薄层内 很大,这一薄层称为流动边界层。
边界层分离的必要条件是:(a ) ;(b ) ,这两个因素缺一不可。
2. 在右图所示的输水系统中,阀A 、B 和C 全开时,各管路的流速分别为u A 、u B 和u C ,现将B 阀
部分关小,则各管路流速的变化应为______。
A . u A 不变,u
B 变小,u
C 变小
B . u A 变大,u B 变小,u
C 不变
C . u A 变大,u B 变小,u C 变小
D . u A 变小,u B 变小,u C 变小
3. 流体在圆形管道中作层流流动,如果只将流速增加一倍,则阻力损失为原来的 倍;如果只将管径增加一倍而流速不变,则阻力损失为原来的 倍。
4. 常温下,血液的运动黏度是水的5倍,若欲用水在内径为1cm 的管道中模拟血液在内径为6mm 的血管内以15cm/s 流速流动的动力学情况,水的流速应取 cm/s 。
5. 工业操作中,板框压滤机一个完整的操作周期所包括的总时间分别为_______时间、______时间与_________时间之和。
6. 右图为文献中用到的一种常用
换热设备,请你写出该换热设
备名称为 。
7. 在恒压过滤中,对于不可压缩滤饼,忽略介质阻力,若其它情况不变,过滤面积增大一倍,则同一时刻所得的滤液量为原来的 ( )。
A 、4倍,
B 、2倍
C 、 0.5倍
D 、1.5倍。
8. 用水在逆流操作的套管换热器中冷却某物料,要求热流体的进、出口温度保持一定。
现由于某种原因,热流体的出口温度升高,为保证完成生产任务,采用提高冷却水流量的办法。
则与原工况相比,以下各参数的变化趋势是:换热器的传热速率Q ________,总传热系数K ________,对数平均温度差Δt m ___________。
9. 吸收计算中,表示设备(填料)性能好坏的一个量是 ;表示分离任务难易程度的一个量是 。
10. 某蒸馏过程中,进出塔物料量不变,进料状况不变,由于某种原因导致冷却水用量减少,对产品质量的影响如何:塔顶浓度x D ,塔底浓度x W 。
u A u B A B C u C
11.某降尘室(长L、高H、宽B)能将流量q V (m3/s) 的含尘气流中直径为dμm 的粒子全部沉降下
来,今想将2q V (m3/s)的相同含尘气流进行同样效果的除尘,在保持其他尺寸不变的情况下,单方面地按如下______方式改选设备。
A. 将高度H增加1倍
B. 将高度H减小到原来的0.5倍。
C. 将长度L增加1倍
D. 将长度L减小到原来的0.5倍
12.当分离要求一定,回流比一定时,在五种进料状况中,进料的q值最大,此时,提
馏段操作线与平衡线之间的距离,分离所需的总理论板数。
13.塔板负荷性能图主要由液体流量上限线、、、和液体流量下限线等
5条线构成的。
14.萃取操作中,若稀释剂B与萃取剂S的互溶度越小,则选择性系数β_______,得到的萃取液组
成___________。
15.蒸发装置中,效数越多,温度差损失()。
A. 越少;
B. 越大;
C. 不变;D:不能确定
16.将不饱和空气在间壁式换热器中由t1加热至t2,则其湿球温度,露点温度,
相对湿度。
二、(25分)
现一个工段要求用一台IS型清水泵将水池中的水(操作温度下的密度为1000 kg/m3)送至一表压为62 kPa的吸收塔塔顶,其流程如下图所示。
已知清水泵吸入管段长度(包括局部阻力的当量长度,含入口阻力损失,下同)为60 m,泵出口阀全开时排出管线长度200 m(含出口阻力损失),全部管路均用φ108×4 mm的碳钢管,管内流体流动摩擦系数均为0.025,其它数据如图所示。
试求:
(1)当离心泵入口处真空表读数为25 kPa时,管内水的流量为多少m3/s;(10分)
(2)泵的压头H为多少?若离心泵的效率为80%,泵的轴功率为多少Pa;(10分)
(3)泵出口阀门全开时管路的特性曲线方程。
(5分)
1.5m0.3m
18.8m
P
P
三、(27分)
现工艺要求利用饱和水蒸气加热甲苯溶液,所采用换热器由38根φ25
×2.5mm、长4m的无缝钢管
组成,采用的方案为110℃的饱和水蒸气走壳程,其流量为7 kg/s、初始温度为30 ℃。
已通过试验测得蒸汽侧的冷凝传热系数为104 W/(m2 .K),甲苯侧的对流传热系数为1090 W/(m2 .K)。
试求:(1)该换热器运转初期时甲苯的出口温度;(10分)
(2)一年后,由于甲苯侧污垢积累,甲苯的出口温度仅有68℃,该侧的污垢热阻为多少? (10分)(3)若要使甲苯的出口温度仍维持不低于换热器运转初期时的出口温度,加热蒸汽的饱和温度至少需达多高?已知甲苯的比热容为1.84 kJ/(kg . K),并设管壁热阻、蒸汽例污垢热阻可忽略。
(7分)
四、(25分)
现采用一精馏塔分离某二元混合物(设为理想体系),设计进料量为100 kmol/h,通过气相色谱测得其中易挥发组分的摩尔组成为0.4,采用饱和蒸汽方式进料,塔顶采用全凝器且为泡点回流,塔釜用间接蒸汽加热。
已知两组分平均挥发度为3.0,精馏段操作线方程为y n+1=0.75x n+0.2375,塔顶产品中易挥发组分的回收率为95%,求:
(1)操作回流比、塔顶产品中易挥发组分的摩尔分率;(5分)
(2)塔低产品的流量和塔低产品中易挥发组分的摩尔分率;(5分)
(3)精馏段的液相负荷、提馏段的气相负荷(kmol/h);(5分)
(4)最小回流比;(5分)
(5)塔顶第二块理论板上升蒸汽的组成;(5分)
五、(25分)
某食品厂要求干燥砂糖晶体,采用空气热风干燥方式,现要求处理湿物料产量为0.126kg/s,使物料的湿基含水量由原来的42%减至4%。
已知空气的初温20℃,湿度0.008 kg水/kg绝干气,经预热器预热到95℃后进入干燥器,离开干燥器时空气的湿度0.03kg水/kg绝干气。
假设为等焓干燥过程,试求:
(1)水分的蒸发量为多少(kg/h);(10分)
(2)绝干空气的消耗量为多少(kg干空气/h);(10分)
(3)预热器提供的热量Q p(kW)。
忽略预热器热损失。
(5分)。