张汉熙《高级英语(1)》(第3版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Lesson

Lesson 4 The Trial That Rocked the World

一、词汇短语

1. sweltering adj. oppressively hot and humid; sultry酷热的，

热得发昏的：We were sweltering in our winter clothes.我们穿着冬衣热得

够呛。

2. counsel n. a lawyer or group of lawyers giving legal advice and

especially conducting a case in court辩护律师，法律顾问

3. prosecution n. the conducting of criminal

proceedings in court against a person起诉，检举

4. sliver-tongued adj. eloquent; persuasive口才好的，雄辩的：

a silver-tongued lawyer能言善辩的律师

5. orator n. an eloquent and skilled public speaker演讲家，雄辩家：

He is known as a gifted orator.众所周知，他是一位天才演说家。

6. nominee n. one who has been nominated to an office or for a

candidacy被提名者，被任命者：the Democratic nominee for the Presidency

民主党提名的总统候选人

7. testify v. to make a declaration of truth or fact under oath;

submit testimony作证：The witnesses testified before a grand jury.目击证

人在陪审团面前作证。

8. jury n. a group of 12 ordinary people who listen to the details of

a case in court and decide whether someone is guilty or not陪审团

9. erupt v. burst forth or out, as from some restraint爆发，迸发，喷出：

The wisdom of Chinese people will erupt like a volcano.中国人的智慧会像火山一样爆发出来。

10. clash n. a conflict, as between opposing or irreconcilable ideas冲突，

抵触，意见不一致：a clash of views见解的冲突

11. fundamentalism n. religious beliefs

based on a literal interpretation of everything in the Bible and

regarded as fundamental to Christian faith and morals [宗教]原教

旨主义

12. legislature n. an institution that has the power to

make or change laws立法机关

13. prohibit vt. a). to forbid by authority禁止：Smoking is

prohibited in most theaters.在大多数戏剧院里禁止吸烟。b). to prevent;

preclude妨碍，阻止：Modesty prohibits me from saying what happened.

羞怯妨碍我说出所发生的事情。

14. evolution n. the

development of a species, organism or organ from its original or

primitive state to its present or specialized state进化，演变

15. legality n. the state or quality of being legal;

lawfulness依法，合法：There is doubt about the legality of the company's

action in dismissing him有人怀疑公司解雇他行为的合法性。

16. indict vt. to accuse of wrongdoing; charge控告，起诉：indict a

person for murder控告某人以杀人罪

17. anticipate vt. to feel or realize beforehand; foresee预

期，预料：I don’t anticipate meeting any opposition.我估计不会遇到任

何反对意见。

18. prosecute v. to initiate civil or criminal court action

against起诉，告发；检举：He was prosecuted for murder.他被指控犯有

谋杀罪。

19. festoon vt. to cover something with flowers, long pieces of

material etc, especially for decoration用花彩装饰，结彩于：a square

festooned with electric lights张灯结彩的广场

20. sprout v. to begin to grow; give off shoots or buds发芽：The rain

has sprouted the seeds overnight.雨一夜就使种子发芽了。b). to emerge

and develop rapidly很快地生长或发展

21. rickety adj. likely to break or fall apart; shaky易破裂的，易垮的，

摇晃的：rickety wooden stairs摇摇晃晃的木楼梯

22. evangelist n. any one of the authors of the four New

Testament gospel books福音传道者

23. exhort vt. to urge by strong, often stirring argument,

admonition, advice, or appeal规劝，告诫，敦促：They exhorted her to

confess the truth.他们劝诫她招认实情。其派生词主要形式有exhortation（n.

劝勉，告诫）/ exhortative或exhortatory（adj. 劝勉的，告诫的）