被动语态讲解与练习

一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. → My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being pla nted over there by them.7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted.二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。

例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. →The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.3. He has written two novels so far. → Two novels have been written by him so far.4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow. →Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.5. Lucy is writing a letter now. →A letter is being written by Lucy now.6. You must lock the door when you leave. →The door must be locked when you leave.三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：1. 不及物动词无被动语态What will happen in 100 years? The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。

This pen writes well. This new book sells well.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

例：make somebody do something somebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. → My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work. →The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book. →A book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket. → A ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’t laugh him. →He can’t be laugh by us.He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.1. The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London. A. gave B. was given C. had given D. had been given2. A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather. A. says B. is saying C. has said D. is said3 If you go there alone after dark you might get _____.A. attacked and robbedB. attacking and robbing B. to attack and rob D. to be attacked and robbed4. What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting ______.A. was holdingB. had heldC. was to holdD. was to be held5. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.A. developB. are being developedC. are developingD. have developed6.I’ll come after the meeting if time ______. A. permits B. is permitting C. is permitted D. has permitted7. The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.A. giveB. are givenC. have givenD. to give8. With the development of science, more new technology _______ to the fields of IT.A. has introducedB. is being introducedC. is introducedD. was introduced9.“How about the dishes, Dear?” “The beef didn’t taste very good. It ______ too long.”A. cookedB. had been cookedC. was cookedD. had cooked10. He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the names and addresses of his friends.A. wroteB. was writingC. was writtenD. were written11.“Look! Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that ______for?”A. is being buildingB. has been builtC. is builtD. is being built12. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose13. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.A. developB. are being developedC. are developingD. have developed1. An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week.A. are to be heldB. is to be heldC. are holdingD. will hold2. I'm sorry, sir. Your recorder isn't ready yet. It _____ in the factory.A. is being repairedB. is repairedC. has been repairedD.hasn't repaired3. Every possible means______, but none proves successful. A. has tried B. has been tried C. is being tried D. tried4. _______ that they can pass the written exam this time.A. That is hopedB. It is hopedC. That hopesD. It hopes5. My little sister has broken my watch. ---- My watch _____ by my little sister.A. is brokenB. has brokenC. have been brokenD. has been broken6. He was cleaning his room when I entered the house.---- His room _____ by him when I entered the room.A. was being cleanedB. was cleanedC. was being cleaningD. has been cleaned7. I shall have finished reading the novel by dinner time.---- This novel _____ reading (by me) by dinner time.A. will have finishedB. will has been finishedC.will have being finishedD. will have been finished8. You ought to keep these three rooms clean. ---These three rooms ______ (by you).A. are oughted to keep cleanB. ought to kept cleanC. ought to be kept cleanD. ought to have been kept clean9. You are about to write a poem, aren't you? ---- A poem _____ (by you), _____?A. is about to be written, aren't youB. is about to be writing, isn’t itC. is about to be writing, aren't youD. is about to be written, isn’t it10. She had better leave a note to him. ---- A note _____ to him (by her).A. had better leftB. had be better leftC. had better be leftD. had better been left11. He doesn't do his homework every day. ---- His homework ______ by him every day.A. doesn't be doneB. aren't doneC. don't be doneD. isn’t done12. We must take care of our parents when they are old. ---- Our parents ______ when they are old.A. must be taken careB. must be took careC. must take care ofD. must be taken care of13. People look down upon him because he is a liar. ---- He _____ because he is a liar.A. is looked downB. is looked down uponC. looks down uponD. looks down14. Father will give me a dictionary on my birthday. ---- A dictionary ______ me by Father on my birthday.A. shall be given toB. will giveC. shall give toD. will be given to15. We elected her leader. ---- She _____ by us.A. is elected leaderB. was leader electedC. was elected leaderD. leader was elected16. ---- People who live along this road receive their mail in these boxes.---- Why are all of the______?A. grey painted mailboxesB. mailboxes grey paintedC. mailboxes painted greyD. painted grey mailboxes17. I saw him enter the room. ---- He ______ the room.A. is seen enterB. is seen to enterC. was seen to enterD. was seen enter18. The question asked by him is hard _____. A. to answer B. to be answered C. to be answering D. for answer19. How sweet the music ______! A. sounds to be B. is sounded C. is sounded to be D. sounds20. In warm weather fruit and meat ______ long. A. don't keep B. cannot be kept C. are not kept D. are not keeping21. He received a telegram ___ "Mother Sick." A. written B. said C. reading D. writing22. The classroom ______ 30 feet long. A. measures B. is measured C. has D. has length23. Do you remember ______? A. how it is done B. it how to be done C. How is it done by D. how to do24. to have been rich. A. They say B. It is said C. He is said D. That was said25. Mathematics is difficult ______. A. to learn B. for learning C. to be learned D. of learning26. My hair is so long that I must go to a barber's shop and______.A. have to cut itB. have it cutC. get it to be cutD. to cut it27. The pencil ______ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing28. ---- I can't see the blackboard very well. ---- Perhaps you need ______.A. to examine your eyesB. to have your eyes examinedC. to have examined your eyesD. to be examined your eyes29. ---- Where is the coffee table? ---- Tom just had it ____ away.A. moveB. movingC. movedD. moves30. Good medicine ______ to the mouth. A. tastes bitter B. tastes bitterly C. is tasted bitter D. is tasted bitterly31. Which girl won the prize? _____A. By which girl is the prize won?B. Which girl was the prize won?C. By which girl did she win the prize?D. By which girl was the prize won?32. --- Where did you get that handsome picture? ---- It was _____ by my father.A. given for usB. a gift to usC. given to usD. a gift for us33. A young hen is ______ a chicken. A. named B. known C. spelled D. called34. ---- How does Alma like her new work? ---- She ______ with the hour.A. can't satisfyB. isn't satisfiedC. doesn't satisfyD. hasn't satisfied35. ---- Why do you call your son Mouse? ---- He wants ______ by the name.A. to callB. to be calledC. to be callingD. being called36. His idea, though good, needs ______ out. A. being tried B. to try C. tried D. to be tried37. The man living in the next door is known _____the police. A. with B. to C. by D. of38. Cotton is first made ______ thread and then it was woven ______ cloth.A. up of, up ofB. into, intoC. of, ofD. from, from39. ______ here last night. A. Something strange was happened B. Strange something was happenedC. Something strange happenedD. Strange something happened40. ---- I'd like to buy that coat. ---- I'm sorry, _____.A. it was soldB. it's sellingC. it's been soldD. it had been sold语法复习：动词时态和语态练习二、1---5 BABBD 6—10 ADCDC 11---15 DDBAC 16---20 CCADA21--25 CAACA 26—30 BABCA 31—35 DCDBB 36--40DBBCC。