选修9Unit2
高中英语 选修九 unit 2课件
句型补全
1. We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude ________ plot a ship’s position on a map. 我们可能很想知道，在 经纬度被用来在地图上确定船只位置之前，海员们是如何探索海洋的。 (make it＋adj.＋to do句型) 2. This seems ________ the first and most useful form of exploration which carried the minimum amount of risk. 这似乎是最早的、最有用的也是风险 最小的探险方式。(seem ＋不定式)
Key:1. make it possible
____________ to plot a ship’s position ____________ their latitude observe the clouds over islands ________________________ identify the position of a stream ________________________ set a straight course it’s easier to handle ____________ to make mistakes make the calculations ____________
词块互译 1. 使确定一艘船的位置成为可能 2. 算出它们的纬度 3. ________________________ 4. 通过颜色和气味来判断 5. ________________________ 6. 在水里前进 7. ________________________ 8. ________________________ 9. 减少犯错误的可能性 10. 使计算更精确
选修九 Unit 2
Unit 2. Sailing the oceans1.at the mercy of 在…的控制之下have mercy on/show mercy to 对…发慈悲,垂怜…She is very merciful to the prisoners; but the judge is merciless towards anyone found guilty of murder.2.This seems to have been the first and most useful form of explorationwhich carried the minimum amount of risk.这似乎已是最早的，最有用的探险方式，所冒的风险也最小。
They don’t seem to have grasped what I meant.He seems to have lost confidence in himself.3.The report carried a serious warning of future trouble. 这个报告含有对未来困境的严重警告。
4.Your car is damaged badly and repairing it will cost a minimum of2000 dollars.5.broaden /widen one’s horizons6.advance(1)发展，拓展，增进Such conduct is unlikely to advance yourinterests.(2)预支He asked his employers to advance him a month’s salary.(3)提出Scientists have advanced a new theory to explain thisphenomenon.(4)提前Can we advance the date of the meeting by three days?7.The sense of securityA secure family background 可靠的家庭背景Secure from attack 不致遭到攻击The strong-room is as secure as we can make it. Nothing can destroy it.8.in/with relation to 与……有关；涉及……She used the map to find where she was in relation to her surroundings.affect the friendly relations between 影响……之间的友好关系 break off all relations with sb 断绝与某人的一切关系 promote/ improve/keep the relations 促进/改善/保持关系9.She has excellent reference from former employers.This incident in his childhood is never referred to.10. Simplify the instructions of the activity so that children can understand them.The instruction is asked to be written in simple English, which will simplify my work. What she said is a useful simplification of the theory.11. As the ship rose and lunged in the waves, it was extremely difficult to be accurate with any reading.因为船只在海浪中起伏不定，所以很难测出精确地读数。
人教新课标高中英语选修9 unit2重点单词讲解
静宁一中 夏青锋
equator (8)
•
• • • • • •
an imaginary line drawn around the middle of the Earth an equal distance from the North Pole and the South Pole Singapore is/lies on the Equator.(Cambridge) n. 赤道 The equator is an imaginary circle around the earth. 赤道是一个围绕着地球的假想的圆。 At the North Pole the North Star is at its highest position in the sky, but at the equator it is along the horizon. (9) Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm, but they have a dry season of three months or morn when little rain falls. (20夏青锋
exploration (19)
• • • • • •
•
to search and discover (about something) The best way to explore the countryside is on foot.(Cambridge) n. 探险；探测 The Elizabethan age was a time of exploration and discovery. 英国女王伊丽莎白一世时代是探索和发现的时代。 However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. (9) While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. (2011jx)
人教版高中英语选修9课件：Unit 2 Sailing the oceansUsing language
I arrive at nine o’clock, teach until
twelve thirty and then have a meal;
that is my morning routine.
我九点钟到，上课到十二点钟，然
后吃饭；那是我上午的例行做法。
9. As you can see from the map we kept
7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way. T 8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.
to a straight course pretty well. pretty adj. 漂亮的, 优美的, 机灵的, 恰当的 adv. 相当，颇 a pretty garden/valley 美丽的花园/山谷 e.g. You speak English pretty well. 你的英语讲得相当好。 I feel pretty tired. 我感到相当疲劳了。
— Who should be responsible for the accident? — The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order __________. A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told [点拨] as 引导的方式状语从句, 补充完整 为as they are told。从句的主语和主句的 主语一致, 省略从句的主语和系动词。
高三英语选修9 Unit2 Sailing the oceans词汇讲解
Unit 2 Sailing the oceansPart Two: Teaching ResourcesSection 3: Words and expressions from Unit 2Sailing the oceansmercynoun (pl. -ies)1. [U] a kind or forgiving attitude towards sb that you have the power to harm or right to punish humanity: to ask / beg / plead for mercy They showed no mercy to their hostages. God have mercy on us. The troops are on a mercy mission (= a journey to help people) in the war zone.2. [C, usually sing.] (informal) an event or a situation to be grateful for, usually because it stops sth unpleasant: It’s a mercy she wasn’t seriously hurt. His death was a mercy (= because he was in great pain.at the mercy of sb/sth not able to stop sb/sth harming you because they have power or control over you: I’m not going to put myself at the mercy of the bank. We were at the mercy of the weather.leave sb/sth to the mercy / mercies of sb/sth to leave sb/sth in a situation that may cause them to suffer or to be treated badly: privatized companies left to the mercy of market forces (humorous) I’ll leave you to the tender mercies of these ladies!throw yourself on sb’s mercy (formal) to put yourself in a situation where you must rely on sb to be kind to you and not harm or punish youlongsideprep.1.next to or at the side of sth:A police car pulled up alongside us. a lifeboat moored alongside the yacht Much of the land alongside the river is below sea level.2.together with or at the same time as sth/sb: Traditional beliefs still flourish alongside a modern urban lifestyle.explorationnoun [C, U]1. the act of travelling through a place in order to find out about it or look for sth in it: the exploration of space oil exploration (= searching for oil in the ground)2. an examination of sth in order to find out about it: the book’s explorations of the human mindaccelerateverb1. to happen or to make sth happen faster or earlier than expected: [v] Inflation continues to accelerate. [vn] Exposure to the sun can accelerate the ageing process.2.[v] (of a vehicle or person) to start to go faster: The runners accelerated smoothly around the bend. The car accelerated to overtake me.secureadj.HAPPY / CONFIDENT1. feeling happy and confident about yourself or a particular situation: At last they were able to feel secure about the future. She finished the match, secure in the knowledge that she was through to the next round.CERTAIN / SAFE2. likely to continue or be successful for a long time; safe: a secure job / income It’s not a very secure way to make a living. The future of the company looks secure.3. ~ (against / from sth) that cannot be affected or harmed by sth: Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental deletion.BUILDING / DOOR / ROOM4. guarded and/or made stronger so that it is difficult for people to enter or leave: Check that all windows and doors have been made as secure as possible. a secure unit for child offenders The building is secure against intruders.FIRM5.not likely to move, fall down, etc.; stable: The aerial doesn’t look very secure to me. It was difficult to maintain a secure foothold on the ice. (figurative) Our relationship was now on a more secure footing.verbGET STH1. ~ sth (for sb/sth)| ~ sb sth (formal) to obtain or achieve sth, especially when this means using a lot of effort: [vn] to secure a contract / deal The team managed to secure a place in the finals. She secured2. 000 votes. The delegation has secured the promise of a ceasefire. [vn, vnn] He secured a place for himself at law school. He secured himself a place at law school.FASTEN FIRML Y2. [vn] ~ sth (to sth) to attach or fasten sth firmly: She secured the rope firmly to the back of the car. The tables on board were secured firmly to the floor.PROTECT FROM HARM3. [vn] ~ sth (against sth) to protect sth so that it is safe and difficult to attack or damage: to secure a property against intruders The windows were secured with locks and bars. (figurative) a savings plan that will secure your child’s futureA LOAN4. [vn] to legally agree to give sb property or goods that are worth the same amount as the money that you have borrowed from them, if you are unable to pay the money back: a loan secured on the houserandomadj. [usually before noun] done, chosen, etc. without sb deciding in advance what is going to happen, or without any regular pattern: the random killing of innocent people a random sample / selection (= in which each thing has an equal chance of being chosen) The information is processed in a random order.nounat random without deciding in advance what is going to happen, or without any regular pattern: She opened the book at random (= not at any particular page) and started reading. The terrorists fired into the crowd at random. Names were chosen at random from a list.awkwardadj.1. making you feel embarrassed: There was an awkward silence. I felt awkward because they obviously wanted to be alone.2. difficult to deal with: Don’t ask awkward questions. You’ve put me in an awkward position. an awkward customer (= a person who is difficult to deal with) Please don’t be awkward about letting him come. It makes things awkward for everyone when you behave like that.3. not convenient, inconvenient: Have I come at an awkward time?4. difficult or dangerous because of its shape or design: This box is very awkward for one person to carry. This tool will reach into awkward corners, such as under kitchen units.5. not moving in an easy way; not comfortable:He tried to dance, but he was too clumsy and awkward. I must have slept in an awkward position—I’m aching all over.referencenounMENTIONING SB / STH1. [C, U] ~ (to sb/sth) a thing you say or write that mentions sb/sth else; the act of mentioning sb/sth: The book is full of references to growing up in India. She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. the President’s passing reference to (= brief mention of) the end of the warLOOKING FOR INFORMA TION2. [U] the act of looking at sth for information: Keep the list of numbers near the phone for easy reference. I wrote down the name of the hotel for future reference (= because it might be useful in the future). The library contains many popular works of reference (= reference books).ASKING FOR ADVICE3. [U] ~ (to sb/sth) (formal) the act of asking sb for help or advice: The emergency nurse can treat minor injuries without reference to a doctor.NUMBER / WORD / SYMBOL4. [C] (abbr. ref.) a number, word or symbol that shows where sth is on a map, or where you can find a piece of information: The map reference is Y4.. Please quote your reference number when making an enquiry.FOR NEW JOB5. [C] a letter written by sb who knows you, giving information about your character and abilities, especially to a new employer: We will take up references after the interview.6.[C] a person who agrees to write a reference, for you, for example when you are applying for a job: My previous boss will act as a reference for me.IN BOOK7.[C] a note in a book that tells you where a particular piece of information comes from: There is a list of references at the end of each chapter.in / with reference to(formal) used to say what you are talking or writing about: With reference to your letter of July 22...verb[vn] (formal) to refer to sth; to provide a book, etc. with references: Each chapter is referenced, citing literature up to .preciseadj.1. clear and accurate; exact: precise details / instructions / measurements Can you give a more precise definition of the word? I can be reasonably precise about the time of the incident.2.[only before noun] used to emphasize that sth happens at a particular time or in a particular way: We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in. Doctors found it hard to establish the precise nature of her illness.3. taking care to be exact and accurate, especially about small details: a skilled and precise worker small, precise movements (disapproving) She’s rather prim and precise.to be (more) precise used to show that you are giving more detailed and accurate information about sth you have just mentioned: The shelf is about a metre long—well, 98cm, to be precise.simplifyverb (simplifies, simplifying, simplified, simplified) [vn] to make sth easier to do or understand: The application forms have now been simplified. I hope his appointment will simplify matters. a simplified version of the story for young childrenportableadj. that is easy to carry or to move: a portable TV The equipment is lightweight, portable and easy to store. (figurative) a portable loan / pension (= that can be moved if you change banks, jobs, etc.) portable software noun a small type of machine that is easy to carry, especially a computer or a television: The kids are upstairs watching the portable (= television).shortcomingnoun [usually pl.] a fault in sb’s character, a plan, a system, etc.: She made me aware of my own shortcomings. Despite a number of shortcomings, the project will still go ahead.updateverb [vn]1. to make sth more modern by adding new parts, etc.: It’s about time we updated our software.2. ~ sb (on sth)| ~ sth to give sb the most recent information about sth; to add the most recent information to sth bring up to date: I called the office to update them on the day’s developments. Our records are regularly updated.tendencynoun (pl. -ies)1. [C] ~ (for sb/sth) (to do sth)| ~ (to / towards sth) if sb/sth has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular way: to display artistic, etc. tendencies I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous. There is a tendency for this disease to run in families. She has a strong natural tendency towards caution. This material has a tendency to shrink when washed.2. [C] ~ (for sb/sth) (to do sth)| ~ (to / towards sth) a new custom that is starting to develop: There is a growing tendency among employers to hire casual staff.3. [C+sing./pl. v.] (BrE) a group within a larger political group, whose views are more extreme than those of the rest of the group: the militant tendencyreliableadj.1. that can be trusted to do sth well; that you can rely on; dependable: We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working. a reliable friend My car’s not as reliable as it used to be.2. that is likely to be correct or true: Our information comes from a reliable source. a reliable witness How reliable are the local weather forecasts? These tests are a reliable indicator of future performance.swoopverb [v]1. [usually +adv. / prep.] (of a bird or plane) to fly quickly and suddenly downwards, especially in order to attack sb/sth; dive: The aircraft swooped down over the buildings. A hawk swooped low over the field.2. ~ (on sb/sth) (especially of police or soldiers) to visit or attack sb/sth suddenly and without warning: Officers swooped on the vehicles as they left the ferry.noun1. an act of moving suddenly and quickly through the air in a downward direction, as a bird does dive2. ~ (on sth/sb) an act of arriving somewhere or attacking sth/sb in a way that is sudden and unexpected: Large quantities of drugs were found during a police swoop on the star’s New York home.peckverb1. ~ (at sth) (of birds) to move the beak forward quickly and hit or bite sth: [v] A robin was pecking at crumbs on the ground. Hens pecked around in the yard. [vn] A bird had pecked a hole in the sack. Vultures had pecked out the dead goat’s eyes.2. [vn] ~ sb (on sth) (informal) to kiss sb lightly and quickly: He pecked her on the cheek as he went out. She pecked his cheek.a / the pecking order (informal, often humorous) the order of importance in relation to one another among the members of a group: New Zealand is at the top of the pecking order of rugby nations. to be first in the pecking orderpeck at sth to eat only a very small amount of a meal because you are not hungry; pick at: She sat nervously pecking at her food.expeditionnoun1. an organized journey with a particular purpose, especially to find out about a place that is not well known: to plan / lead / go on an expedition to the North Pole2. the people who go on an expedition: Three members of the Everest expedition were killed.3. (sometimes humorous) a short trip that you make when you want or need sth: a shopping expeditioncompulsoryadj. that must be done because of a law or a rule: It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets. English is a compulsory subject at this level. compulsory education / schooling compulsory redundanciesSurvivalnoun1. [U] the state of continuing to live or exist, often despite difficulty or danger: the struggle / battle / fight for survival His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. Exporting is necessary for our economic survival. Continued trade in these products is a threat to the survival of the species.2. [C] ~ (from sth) something that has continued to exist from an earlier time: The ceremony is a survival from pre-Christian times.the survival of the fittest the principle that only the people or things that are best adapted to their surroundings will continue to existincidentnoun1.[C] something that happens, especially sth unusual or unpleasant: His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. One particular incident sticks in my mind.2.[C, U] a serious or violent event, such as a crime, an accident or an attack: There was a shooting incident near here last night. The demonstration passed off without incident.3.[C] a disagreement between two countries, often involving military forces: a border / diplomatic incidentdeparturenoun1. [C, U] ~ (from ... ) the act of leaving a place; an example of this: His sudden departure threw the office into chaos. Flights should be confirmed 4.8 hours before departure. They had received no news of him since his departure from the island.2. [C] a plane, train, etc. leaving a place at a particular time: arrivals and departures All departures are from Manchester. the departure lounge / time / gate the departures board3. [C] ~ (from sth) an action that is different from what is usual or expected: It was a radical departure from tradition. Their latest single represents a new departure for the band.depositnounMONEY1. [usually sing.] a ~ (on sth) a sum of money that is given as the first part of a larger payment: We’ve put down a 5.% deposit on the house. They normally ask you to pay £1.00 (as a) deposit. All deposits are non-refundable.2. [usually sing.] a sum of money that is paid by sb when they rent sth and that is returned to them if they do not lose or damage the thing they are renting: to pay a deposit They’ll probably ask you to leave a deposit.3. a sumof money that is paid into a bank account: Deposits can be made at any branch. 4. (in the British political system) the amount of money that a candidate in an election to Parliament has to pay, and that is returned if he/she gets enough votes: All the other candidates lost their deposits.verb [vn]PUT DOWN1.[+adv. / prep.] to put or lay sb/sth down in a particular place: She deposited a pile of books on my desk. (informal) I was whisked off in a taxi and deposited outside the hotel.LEAVE SUBSTANCE2. (especially of a river or a liquid) to leave a layer of sth on the surface of sth, especially gradually and over a period of time: Sand was deposited which hardened into sandstone.MONEY3. to put money into a bank account: Millions were deposited in Swiss bank accounts.reckonverb1. (informal, especially BrE) to think sth or have an opinion about sth: [v (that)] I reckon (that) I’m going to get that job. He’ll be famous one day. What do you reckon (= do you agree)? [v] It’s worth a lot of money, I reckon. ‘They’ll never find out.’ ‘You reckon?’ (= I think you may be wrong about that)2. be reckoned (not used in the progressive tenses) to be generally considered to be sth: [vn to inf] Children are reckoned to be more sophisticated nowadays. [vn-n] It was generally reckoned a success. [also vn-adj]3. [v to inf] (BrE, informal) to expect to do sth: We reckon to finish by ten. He wasn’t reckoning to pay so much.4. ~ sth (at sth) to calculate an amount, a number, etc.: [vn] I could see him reckoning the cost as I spoke. The age of the earth is reckoned at about 4.6.00 million years. [v (that)] They reckon (that) their profits are down by at least 2.0%. [vn to inf] The journey was reckoned to take about two hours.reckon on sth to expect sth to happen or to rely on sth happening: They hadn’t reckoned on a rebellion. [+ -ing] We’d reckoned on having good weather.reckon sth up / reckon up sth(especially BrE) to calculate the total amount or number of sth: He reckoned up the cost of everything in his mind.reckon with sb/sth1. [usually passive] to consider or treat sb/sth as a serious opponent, problem, etc.: They were already a political force to be reckoned with.2. (usually used in negative sentences) to consider sth as a possible problem that you should be prepared for; take sth into account: [+ -ing] I didn’t reckon with getting caught up in so much traffic. reckon without sb/sth (especially BrE) to not consider sb/sth as a possible problem that you should be prepared for; not take sth into account: They had reckoned without the determination of the opposition.tensionnoun1. [U, C, usually pl.] ~ (between A and B) a situation in which people do not trust each other, or feel unfriendly towards each other, and which may cause them to attack each other: There is mounting tension along the border. international / racial / political tensions Family tensions and conflicts may lead to violence. The incident has further increased tension between the two countries.2. [C, U] ~ (between A and B) a situation in which the fact that there are different needs or interests causes difficulties: There is often a tension between the aims of the company and the wishes of the employees.3. [U] a feeling of anxiety and stress that makes it impossible to relax: nervous tension We laughed and that helped ease the tension. Walking and swimming are excellent for releasing tension. a tension headache4. [U] the feeling of fear and excitement that is created by a writer or a film/movie director: dramatic tension As the movie progresses the tension builds.5.[U] the state of beingstretched tight; the extent to which sth is stretched tight: muscular tension Adjust the string tension of your tennis racket to suit your style of playing. When knitting, try to keep the same tension throughout. Massage can relieve tension in your shoulders and back.verb [vn] (technical) to make a wire, sail, etc. tight and stretchedgradualadj.1. happening slowly over a long period; not sudden: a gradual change in the climate Recovery from the disease is very gradual.2. (of a slope) not steepforeseeverb (foresaw, foreseen ) to think sth is going to happen in the future; to know about sth before it happens; predict: [vn] We do not foresee any problems. The extent of the damage could not have been foreseen. [v (that)] No one could have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way. [v wh-] It is impossible to foresee how life will work out. [also vn -ing]thirstnoun1. [U, sing.] the feeling of needing or wanting a drink: He quenched his thirst with a long drink of cold water. She woke up with a raging thirst and a headache.2. [U] the state of not having enough water to drink: Thousands are dying of thirst.3. [sing.] ~ (for sth) a strong desire for sth: a thirst for knowledgetearverb (tore ,torn)DAMAGE1. to damage sth by pulling it apart or into pieces or by cutting it on sth sharp; to become damaged in this way; rip: [vn] I tore my jeans on the fence. I tore a hole in my jeans. He tore the letter in two. a torn handkerchief [vn-adj] I tore the package open. I tore open the package. [v] Careful—the fabric tears very easily.2. [vn] ~ sth in sth to make a hole in sth by force; rip: The blast tore a hole in the wall.REMOVE FROM STH / SB3. [vn + adv. / prep.] to remove sth from sth else by pulling it roughly or violently; rip: The storm nearly tore the roof off. I tore another sheet from the pad. He tore his clothes off (= took them off quickly and carelessly) and dived into the lake.4. ~ yourself / sb (from sb/sth) to pull yourself/sb away by force from sb/sth that is holding you or them: [vn] She tore herself from his grasp. [vn-adj] He tore himself free.INJURE MUSCLE5. [vn] to injure a muscle, etc. by stretching it too much: a torn ligament She tore a calf muscle playing squash. MOVE QUICKL Y6. [v + adv. / prep.] to move somewhere very quickly or in an excited way: He tore off down the street. A truck tore past the gates.-TORN7. (in adjectives) very badly affected or damaged by sth: to bring peace to a strife-torn country a strike-torn industrytear sb/sth apart, to shreds, to bits, etc. to destroy or defeat sb/sth completely or criticize them or it severely: We tore the other team apart in the second half. The critics tore his last movie to shreds.tear at your heart / tear your heart out (formal) to strongly affect you in an emotional waytear your hair (out) (informal) to show that you are very angry or anxious about sth: She’s keeping very calm—anyone else would be tearing their hair out.(be in) a tearing hurry / rush (especially BrE) (to be) in a very great hurrybe torn (between A and B)to be unable to decide or choose between two people, things or feelings: I was torn between my parents and my friend.tear sb off a strip / tear a strip off sb(BrE, informal) to speak angrily to sb who has done sth wrongthat’s torn it (BrE, informal) used to say that sth has happened to spoil your plans—more at heart, limb, loose adj. tear sb apart / tear apart sb to make sb feel very unhappy or worried; rip sb apart: It tears me apart to think I might have hurt her feelings. His distress tore me apart.tear sth apart / tear apart sth1. to destroy sth violently, especially by pulling it to pieces: The dogs tore the fox apart.2. to make people in a country, an organization or other place fight or argue with each other: Racial strife is tearing our country apart.3. to search a place, making it look untidy and causing damage: They tore the room apart, looking for money.tear at sth to pull or cut sth violently so that it tears: He tore at the meat with his bare hands.tear yourself away (from sth)/ tear sth away (from sth)to leave somewhere even though you would prefer to stay there; to take sth away from somewhere: Dinner’s ready, if you can tear yourself away from the TV. She was unable to tear her eyes away from him (= could not stop looking at him).tear sth down / tear down sth to pull or knock down a building, wall, etc.: They’re tearing down these old houses to build a new office block.tear into sb/sth1. to attack sb/sth physically or with words: The wind tore into him.2. to start doing sth with a lot of energy: They tore into their food as if they were starving. The band tore into their opening number.tear sth up / tear up sth to destroy a document, etc. by tearing it into pieces; rip sth up: She tore up all the letters he had sent her. (figurative) He accused the leader of tearing up the party’s manifesto (= of ignoring it).hardshipnoun [U, C] a situation that is difficult and unpleasant because you do not have enough money, food, clothes, etc.: economic / financial, etc. hardship People suffered many hardships during that long winter. The two men endured great hardship during their trek across Antarctica. It was no hardship to walk home on such a lovely evening.backgroundnounFAMIL Y / EDUCATION, etc.1. [C] the details of a person’s family, education, experience etc.: a person’s family / social / cultural / educational / class background The job would suit someone with a business background. In spite of their very different backgrounds, they immediately became friends.PAST2. [C, usually sing., U] the circumstances or past events which help explain why sth is how it is; information about these: the historical background to the war background information / knowledge The elections are taking place against a background of violence. Can you give me more background on the company?OF PICTURE / PHOTO3. [C, usually sing.] the part of a picture, photograph or view behind the main objects, people, etc.: a photograph with trees in the backgroundLESS IMPORTANT POSITION4. [sing.] a position in which people are not paying attention to sb/sth or not as much attention as they are paying to sb/sth else: He prefers to remain in the background and let his assistant talk to the press. A piano tinkled gently in the background. background music There was a lot of background noise (= that you could hear, but were not listening to).COLOUR UNDER STH5. [C, usually sing.] a colour or design on which sth is painted, drawn, etc.: The name of the company is written in red on a white background.in the background (computing) (of a computer program) not being used at the present time and appearing on the screen behind programs that are being usedroarverb1. [v] to make a very loud, deep sound: We heard a lion roar. The gun roared deafeningly. The engine roared to life (= started noisily). The wind was roaring in my ears.2. ~ (sth) (out) to shout sth very loudly: [v] The crowd roared. [vn] The fans roared (out) their approval. He roared out James’s name. [v speech] ‘Stand back,’ he roared.3. [v] ~ (with laughter) to laugh very loudly: He looked so funny, we all roared. It made them roar with laughter.4. [v + adv. / prep.] (of a vehicle or its rider / driver) to move very fast, making a lot of noise: She put her foot down and the car roared away. A group of young men on motorcycles roared past.5. [v] (of a fire) to burn brightly with a lot of flames, heat and noise: A log fire was roaring in the hearth.noun1. a loud deep sound made by an animal, especially a lion, or by sb’s voice: His speech was greeted by a roar of applause. roars of laughter2. a loud continuous noise made by the wind or sea, or by a machine: I could barely hear above the roar of traffic. the roar of the Atlantic。
高中英语选修9课件：Unit 2 Sailing the oceansGrammar
动词词组或称短语动词, 可以扩展或改 变动词的意义, 它们的构成是：
·动词 + 副词 Mary went away for a few days.
·动词 + 介词 The other day I came across a letter from Brunei written in the last year of his life. ·动词 + 副词 + 介词 You may have come up against unexpected difficulties.
He sighed a deep sigh. = He sighed deeply.
许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及 物动词。例如： Gus asked me whether I’d like to have dinner with him. I accepted. (vi.) I accepted the invitation. (vt.) He painted every day. (vi.) He painted vivid portraits of friends and acquaintances. (vt.)
He ran as fast as he could. (vi.) She ran a hotel in the centre of the city. (vt.) Father never smoked or drank all his life. (vi.) He drank a good deal of coffee. (vt.)
4. “动词+不定式”构成的复合谓语
【考例】
The engine just won't start.
Something seems _____ wrong with it.
人教版高中英语选修9课件： unit 2 learning about language(共36张PPT)
amount of risk
• be close to land
• at the North Pole / equator
• nesting birds • in the open sea
• at sea
• set a straight course
• identify the position • all-in-one
他们在密谋如何杀害他。
They were plotting against the government.
绘图 You can plot one or more data series in a chart.
可以在图表中绘制一个或多个数据系列。
计划 You should plot out your time properly.
wind and weather. 他们在海上迷失了方向,任凭风和天气
的摆布。
I don’t like to be at the mercy of
“How lucky I am!” Samuel thought to himself. He then gave a mighty leap and landed in it. Once inside he could safely sail away.
Phrases:
• may well
• accomplished navigators
Samuel the sailor was extremely good at plotting his course using the stars as a_r_e_fe_r_e_n_c_e_. One day he was determined to set out on a _v_o_y_a_g_e_across an unknown sea to an unknown continent. He set out with his instruments so he would not be at the m__e_r_c_y of the sea. He found on his _o_u_t_w_a_r_d_ journey a rocky island. It seemed to be covered in nests.
高中英语选修9 Unit2 词汇
单词填空
exploration 1. They decided to make a full ________of 他们决定对事故做一次全盘研究。 the accident. 他们决定对事故做一次全盘研究。 minimum 2. The class needs a ________ of 6 pupils to continue. 这个班最低限度要六个学生才可以
没有一件事情比得上有朋在远方更使这地球显得如 此广大的了; 他们构成纬度，也构成经度。 此广大的了 他们构成纬度，也构成经度。
2. This is the virgin voyage of the ship.
这是这艘船的处女航。 这是这艘船的处女航。
3. They had no hope of admission to the celestial kingdom. 他们无望进入天国。 他们无望进入天国。
Homework 汉—英 英 1.他们在海上迷了路，任凭风和天气的摆布。 他们在海上迷了路， 他们在海上迷了路 任凭风和天气的摆布。 (mercy) They were lost at the sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather. 2. 这本书无处可寻。(nowhere) 这本书无处可寻。 The book was nowhere to be found. 3.我说不准这个字在这段文章里的确切意义 我说不准这个字在这段文章里的确切意义 是什么。 是什么。 （precise) I am not clear about the precise meaning of the word in this passage.
Unit 2 Sailearning 英– 汉 1.Nothing make the earth seem so spacious as to have friend at a distance; they make latitude and longitude.
人教英语选修9Unit2 Revising useful structures (共27张PPT)
had done (had had)
had been done
常见考点
• 主动表示被动的动词： 系动词；
不及物动词：表示主语的品质或特性(sell, write, wash, wear, burn, scratch…)
某些不及物动词或动词短语(last, cost, spread, happen, take place, belong to, break out, run out…) • 主动语态变成被动语态时的变化： 一些动词在主动语态中用省略to的动词不定式做 宾补，在写成被动语态时to不能省略。(see, hear, make…)
我们得接受他们的帮助，因为时间不多了。
(run)
• -- what’s the noise?
-- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new
____i_s_b__e_in__g__re__p_a_i_re__d____. (repair)
— 什么声音？ — 哦，我忘了告诉你。在维修新机器。
这本书我看过两次。
I __h_a__v_e_b__e_e_n__r_e_a_d_i_n_g__ the book all the time in the last
two weeks.
在过去的两周内我一直在看这本书。
I ___w__a_s_r_e_a__d_in__g__ the book at this moment yesterday.
时态 —— 现在完成时 (have / has (been) done)
常见考点 (关注句中以下标志词)： • so far, till now, up to now, by now, since(自从…),etc • in/ during / over the past…, in the last…, for+一段时间; • recently, lately, already; • once, ever, never, twice, three times, etc • 句型 It / This is the 1st / 2nd/… time (that) sb. have /
人教版高中英语 选修九 Unit 2 Workbook 课件
S4: In addition these links can help us with our foreign trade. We can sell many things to these countries. Their rulers often ask for more silk and porcelain goods and are very eager for our friendship and co-operation. With our foreign trade connections we can increase our position in this area and spread our influence even wider.
Possible arguments Possible arguments for the voyages against the voyages
The voyages are very impressive and make people in distant lands recognize the greatness of China. To defend China against the armies from the north is very costly and needs many soldiers. There' will be no money for a fleet.
1 Before listening to the tape, look at the map below. Then write down which new places Zheng He might have visited on his seven voyages
人教版高中英语选修9《Unit 2 Sailing the oceans》教案
人教版高中英语选修9《Unit 2 Sail ing the oceans》教案Teaching plan of unit 2 sailing the oceans人教版高中英语选修9《Unit 2 Sailing the oceans》教案前言：英语作为在许多国际组织或者会议上都是必需语言，几乎所有学校选择英语作为其主要或唯一的外语必修课。
英语教学涉及多种专业理论知识，包括语言学、第二语言习得、词汇学、句法学、文体学、语料库理论、认知心理学等内容。
本教案根据英语课程标准的要求和教学对象的特点，将教学诸要素有序安排，确定合适的教学方案的设想和计划、并以启迪发展学生智力为根本目的。
便于学习和使用，本文档下载后内容可按需编辑修改及打印。
教学准备教学目标1、知识目标（1）.理解并记住Reading部分本单元的单词和短语。
（2）.理解并掌握整个故事的情节,并能填写summary.2、能力目标（1）充分发挥学生的主体地位，调动学生思维的积极性，提高综合语言的运用能力（2）通过对学生说读写的训练，增大学生的语言输入，增强其语言输出能力。
3、情感、态度、价值观目标学生分析布莱船长在40多天的航程中所采用的航海技术以及所表现出的领导才能。
同时，又适时地对他们进行情感教育：在任何困难面前绝不畏惧，不抛弃，不放弃。
教学重难点教学重点与难点：读写说均为本节课的重点，写和说部分应为难点，需加大指导和练习。
教学过程Teaching procedures:Lead-in：通过歌曲Sailing导入，让学生在轻松愉悦的音乐下近入新课的学习之中。
促使学生积极主动地进入学习状态。
ComprehensionStep I Please Skim the passage and get the main idea.Step II. Scan the passage: True or False.1.I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.2.After the crew took over the ship “Bounty”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart , a compass and a quadrant.3.It was very difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.4.Cap tain Bligh used a system called “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position.5.Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.6.Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to takeour minds off our stomachs and thirst all the way.7.We finally escaped the jaws of death andarrived in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.Step III. Group work: further reading.When captain Blight returned home he was honored as a hero. Discuss in groups whether he should receive a special medal or not.Step IV. Affective educationAfter learning the text, as senior three students, what can we learn from Captain Blight in our life?Step V. Summary：I am _____ to have sailed with Captain Bligh on his journey of over40 days through about4,000 miles in an open boat ______the Pacific Ocean in 1789.In the beginning, on our ________（depart）, some of the crew took _____theship and the captain___________（deposit） into a small boat. Thus we werecaught _____a dilemma. We decided to stick with him _______thick and thin though we seemed to face_____uncertaindeath.During the long and toughjourney, we encountered many unexpected hardships. Despite _____（lack） of foodand water, he kept us _______（occupy） and cheerful to take our minds ____troubles. All the way he taught us how to cope _______various situations. Finallythey arrived at Timor __________（success）andthey were honored as _______（hero）.The story shows that one man’ssp irit and his determination should not ________ （defeat） by circumstances.Complexsentences（分析并翻译1-2个长难句）Challengeyourself!---Grammar Filling1.I’m proud to have sailed withCaptain Blight ____his journey of over 40 days _________about4,000miles ____anopen small boat _______ the Pacific Ocean.2.On our _________（depart） from Tahiti, some crew took _____the ship. And those of us onboard____________（catch） in a dilemma.3.As you can see from the map we kept_____a straight course pretty well.4.The captain kept us busy________ （read） the tables to work out our position .5.It was the extreme lack of waterthat was hard to cope with ______________ （psychology）6.He kept us busy and tried to take our minds课后习题Challenge yourself!---Grammar Filling1.I’m proud to have sailed with Captain Blight ____his journey of over 40 days _________about4,000miles ____an open small boat _______ the Pacific Ocean.2.On our _________（depart） from Tahiti, some crew took _____the ship. And those of us on board____________（catch） in a dilemma.3.As you can see from the map we kept _____a straight course pretty well.4.The captain kept us busy________ （read） the tables to work out our position .5.It was the extreme lack of water that was hard to cope with ______________ （psychology）6.He kept us busy and tried to take our minds_____our __________（stomach）.-------- Designed By JinTai College ---------。
高中(人教版)英语选修9课件：unit 2
You made my day!
我们，还在路上……
Cook’s explorations greatly increased European knowledge of the world.As a ship captain and skilled cartographer，he filled in many gaps on world maps.His contributions to eighteenth century science helped further exploration and discovery for many generations.
谢谢观看！
•1、书籍是朋友,虽然没有热情,但是非常忠实。2022年4月19日星期二2022/4/192022/4/192022/4/19 •2、科学的灵感，决不是坐等可以等来的。如果说，科学上的发现有什么偶然的机遇的话，那么这种‘偶然的机遇’只能给那些学有素养的人，给那些善于独 立思考的人，给那些具有锲而不舍的人。2022年4月2022/4/192022/4/192022/4/194/19/2022 •3、书籍—通过心灵观察世界的窗口.住宅里没有书,犹如房间里没有窗户。2022/4/192022/4/19April 19, 2022
Unit 2
Sailing the oceans
James Cook was born in 1728 in Marton ， England.His father，a Scottish migrant farm worker，allowed James to work on coal－carrying boats at eighteen.Cook spent his free time learning math and navigation.This led to his appointment as mate (大副)．
人教版高中英语 选修九 Unit 2 Reading 课件
Look at the pictures on page 11. Then answer the questions.
compass
Astrolabe (星盘)
Sextant (六分仪)
sea/nautical chart
1 How do you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented? Kept close to the shore, used nature such as the sun, wind, birds, tide, etc, to help them, and used some of the instruments including a compass, astrolabe, etc.
4 Which ones do you think are still used today?
Sea charts are still used today.
early navigational instruments
an astrolabe
a special tool for telling the position of the ship in relation to the sun and various stars
a bearing circle
the first instrument to measure the sun’s position and the sun’s shadow 方位圆
Now read about what navigation
was like before modern instruments were used.
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选修9 Unit 2一、词汇知识1．mercy n. 怜悯；宽恕；仁慈；幸运，侥幸at the mercy of 任……摆布，受……支配（1）Gone are the days when we were at the mercy of the weather .我们靠天气吃饭的日子一去不复返了。
（2）I’m not going to put myself at the mercy of the bank . 我不想任由银行摆布。
show mercy to sb. 对某人表示怜悯＝have mercy on/upon sb.They are praying God to have mercy on them.without mercy 残忍地 beg (for)/ask for mercy 乞求/请求原谅It’s a mercy that …幸亏…It’s a mercy that she wasn’t seriously hurt.2．horizon n. 地平线；视野，眼界on/below the horizon 在地平线上/下broaden/widen one’s horizons 开阔眼界，拓宽视野She wanted to travel to broaden / widen her horizons.3．nowhere adv. 无处，哪里都不nowhere else 没有别的地方Nowhere else can you find a more beautiful place.get/go nowhere（使）无进展或一事无成It’s a good idea but it will get nowhere without more financial support.这个主意不错，但如果没有更多的财政支持是不会成功的。
nowhere to be found/seen/nowhere in sight 不可能找到或看见The children were nowhere to be seen .nowhere near 离…远；根本不，远不（如）(1) He lives nowhere near London .(2) John is nowhere near as fit as I am . 约翰远不如我健康。
4．reference n. 参考make reference to sb./sth. 提到，说到He made no reference to what happened to him yesterday .for reference 作为参考/查阅I put down his telephone number for future reference .我记下了他的电话号码以备将来用得着。
in/with reference to 关于 reference book 参考书；工具书refer vi. 谈到，涉及refer to 谈到，提起；涉及，与……有关；参考，查阅refer to sb./sth. as…把…称作…refer… to…将…送交给…（以求获得帮助等）(1) My doctor referred me to a specialist . 我的医生让我去找一位专家诊治。
(2) The case was referred to the Court of Appeal . 这个案子被送交到上诉法院。
5．update vt. 更新；改造；使现代化update sth. 更新/改进某物We advise you to update the software . 我们建议你对软件进行升级。
update sb. on sth . 向某人提供关于某事的最新信息I called the office to update them on the day’s development .我给办公室打电话告诉他们当天最新的发展。
6．tendency n. 倾向；趋势have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事，往往会做某事He has a tendency to talk much when drunk . 他喝醉了酒往往唠叨。
have a tendency to/towards 有……的倾向She has a strong natural tendency towards caution . 她天生喜欢小心谨慎。
There is a(n) growing/increasing tendency for sb. to do sth .There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.人们越来越倾向于在家而不是在办公室工作。
tend vi. 往往会；走向；趋向tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会做某事Women tend to live longer than men.tend to/towards 有…的倾向His views tend towards the extreme . 他的观点趋于偏激。
7．deposit vt. 放；（把钱）存入银行 n. 订金，押金；存款(1)Now people seldom deposit their money and valuables in their home safe .现在人们很少把钱和贵重物品放在自家的保险柜里。
(2)I deposited 200 dollars in my account this morning .pay a deposit on sth. 付某物的订金/押金make a deposit 存款 eg.I’d like to make a deposit.8．thirst n. 渴，口渴；渴望 v. 感到口渴，渴望，渴求a thirst for knowledge/power etc . 对知识/权力等的渴望thirst (vi.) for sth. 渴望，渴求（某物）thirsty adj.口渴的；渴望的 be thirsty for sth. 渴望，渴求某物9．tear v. 撕破；扯破 (tore—torn)Take care ! The paper tears easily . 当心！这纸很容易撕破的。
tear up 撕碎tear apart 撕开，扯开tear at 撕扯The children were screaming and tearing at each other’s hair.孩子们尖叫着，互相抓扯着对方的头发。
tear down 拆除，推倒(=pull down ) eg.The old house was torn down.tear oneself away from 依依不舍地离开；忍痛割舍The girl was unable to tear herself away from TV though her mother asked her to have dinner .tear n. （常用复数）眼泪in tears 含泪，流着眼泪 burst into tears 大哭起来move sb. to tears感动得某人流泪be close to tears 眼泪快要夺眶而出二、难句剖析1．We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ship’s position on a map.（P.12）我们很可能感到奇怪，在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前，海员是如何对海洋进行探索的。
may well do sth. “很可能做某事”,相当于be very likely to do。
(1)She may well refuse to talk to you.(2)Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.句型：sth. makes it possible to do sth.The development of transportation makes it possible for us to go wherever we want to. 交通的发展使得我们想去哪里就去哪里成为可能。
plot在此句中意为“（在地图上）画出，标出”。
2．Nobody knew that the earth turns eastwards at about 15 degrees every hour ,but sailors did know an approximate method of calculating longitude using speed and time .（P.13）以前没有人知道地球每小时向东移大约15度，然而海员们确实知道用速度和时间来计算经度的近似标准的方法。
句中did表强调，using speed and time现在分词短语作方式状语。
3．The earliest, the astrolabe, was a special all-in-one tool for telling the position of the ship in relation to the sun and various stars which covered the whole sky. (P.13)最早的是星盘，它是一种特殊的集多种功能于一体的工具，它可以用来表明船只同太阳和布满天空的各种星星之间的相关位置。
其中the astrolabe 作the earliest的同位语;which引导定语从句修饰various stars; all-in-one意为“多功能的，多用途的”；in relation to在此句中意为“和…相比”。
in relation to和…相比；关于(1) Wages are very low in relation to the cost of living.和生活费相比，工资是低的。
(2) I have some comments to make in relation to this matter.关于这件事，我有点看法。
4．However,it was awkward to use as one of the points of reference was the moving ship itself. (P.13)但是，它不容易使用，因为其参照点之一就是行驶中的船只本身。