分词做状语

分词作状语需要注意的问题:

一. 表示伴随，行为方式

He ran to me, holding a letter in his hand.

Accompanied by his friends, he went to the railway station.

He scratched his head, wondering how to solve the problem.

She came back running.

二．表示时间，相当于when, after 引导的时间状语从句

Seeing this, we became worried. (When we saw this, we became worried.)

Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. (After he took a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.)

Heated to 100 degree, water boils. (When water is heated to 100 degree, it boils.)

三．表示原因，背景，状况，相当于because引导的状语从句Not having enough hands, we turned to them for help.

Born in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. Absorbed in his work, he neglected food and sleep.

Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.

Having finished the experiment, he left the lab.

Having been giving such a good chance, hw could she let it slip away. 四．表示条件和假设，相当于if引导的状语从句

Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective.

五．表示结果

He fell down, striking his head against the ground and hurting it.

六．独立主格形式（分词复合结构或独立结构）

当上述的分词结构中主句的主语不是现在分词的动作发出者或过去分词的动作承受者时，分词有自己的主语

Mother (being) ill, he didn’t go to school.

With mother being ill, he didn’t go to school.

Cf: Being ill, he didn’t go to school.

Weather permitting, we shall go to the city park.

Cf: Permitted, we shall go to the city park.

The question (being) settled, we wound up the meeting.

With the question being settled, we wound up the meeting.

He came into the room, his face (being) red with cold.

He came into the room, with his face being read with cold.

七．已经成为固定用法的分词结构：

Frankly speaking, I don’t like this dish.

Judging from what you say, he has done a good job.

Speaking of arts, do you like oil painting?

Supposing (that) it rains tomorrow, will the sports meet be put off? General speaking, he is an honest man.

Considering (that) you have finished your homework, you can watch TV now.

Taking all things together, we have made quite a lot of money within the first month.

Granting these differences, （姑且承认这些区别）

Strictly speaking,

Broadly speaking,

Allowing for, (考虑到)

Now try the following questions:

1. Just as the value of telephone network increases with each new phone _____ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.

a. adding

b. to have added

c. to add

d. added

2. There seemed little hope that the explore, ____ in the tropical forest, would find his way through it.

a. to be deserted

b. having deserted

c. to have been deserted

d. having been deserted

3. All flights _____ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.

a. were canceled

b. had been canceled

c. having canceled

d. having been canceled

4. When _____ at the door, she was given a warm welcome.

a. appear

b. appeared

c. appearing

d. appears

5. _____ from space, our earth, with water covering over 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”

a. Seeing

b. Having seen

c. To see

d. Seen

6. So many representatives _____, the conference had to be postpone.

a. to be absent

b. were absent

c. being absent

d. was absent

7. No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven always attract large audience.