欧洲文化入门 PPT
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欧洲文化入门--启蒙时代 ppt课件
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Declaration of the Rights of Man
Liberty consists in the freedom to do everything which injures no one else; All citizens, being equal in the eyes of law….. The free communication of ideas and opinions is one of the most precious of the rights of man…..
(3). The change from
manufacturing in the home to
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The Bill of Rights
The king should not make the law. The king should not collect taxes. The king should not keep army. Roman Catholic or anyone marrying a Roman Catholic shouldn’t become the king.
自由是指有权实施一切无害于他人的行 为。 在法律的面前，所有的公民都是平等的 。 自由交流思想和意见是人类最宝贵的权 利之一。
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The Industrial Revolution 工业革命
Marked by the following developments”
欧洲文化入门（六）
The Age of Enlightenment (启蒙时代)
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English Revolution
欧洲文化入门第一章PPT课件
Drama developed in the 5th century B.C. Open-air theatres, stone benches,
looking down at the stage from three sides, actors with masks
11
a. Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.)
Games, revived in 1896
7
3. Homer
Homer (around 7th century B.C.) , author
of the ancient Greek epics—Iliad and Odyssey—the Trojan War in around 1200
B.C.荷马史诗，《伊利亚特》与《奥德 赛》，特洛伊战争
4
Greece and Troy
5
Rule of Alexander
Ancient Greek king of Macedon (336–323 BC)马其顿, ancient kingdom in the northern-most part of ancient Greece
Alexander fighting Persian king
3
Trojan War 特洛伊战争
In Greek mythology and in Iliad and Odyssey
by Homer About 1,200 B. C. War between Greece and Troy Fought over the beautiful Helen Lasted for 10 years Trojan horse, Laocoon(p33) Troy defeated
looking down at the stage from three sides, actors with masks
11
a. Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.)
Games, revived in 1896
7
3. Homer
Homer (around 7th century B.C.) , author
of the ancient Greek epics—Iliad and Odyssey—the Trojan War in around 1200
B.C.荷马史诗，《伊利亚特》与《奥德 赛》，特洛伊战争
4
Greece and Troy
5
Rule of Alexander
Ancient Greek king of Macedon (336–323 BC)马其顿, ancient kingdom in the northern-most part of ancient Greece
Alexander fighting Persian king
3
Trojan War 特洛伊战争
In Greek mythology and in Iliad and Odyssey
by Homer About 1,200 B. C. War between Greece and Troy Fought over the beautiful Helen Lasted for 10 years Trojan horse, Laocoon(p33) Troy defeated
(欧洲文化)PPT课件
（宗教精神）：宗教在人们的文化心理上，同时也是在西 方社会的整个文化价值体系中，起到了这样一些作用：一 是精神的寄托与安慰。人在来自自然与社会的生存压力下， 在异化的生存条件下，以此进行自我调节，缓解心理压力， 求得心理平衡。二是宗教的原罪与忏悔的观念，对上帝的 敬畏，使人对自己的行为进行自觉的自我约束规范，这与 法制制约恰好形成互补，有利于社会的稳定平衡。三是如 马克斯·韦伯在《新教伦理与资本主义精神》中所认为的， 新教伦理一方面适度肯定人的世俗生活享受和谋利行为， 以及追求财富的权力，使人具有创造财富的动力；另一方 面则又倡导敬业、勤勉、节俭精神，提倡理性的禁欲主义， 反对放纵享乐的恶行，则有利于积累资本发展生产，因此 宗教在资本主义发展中起过重要作用。 从总体上看，西 方文化在天人二分的哲学观念和分析思维的基础上，历来 是追求科学精神与人文精神的并行发展，从而形成了自身 特有的文化精神及其传统。
欧洲文化概况
姚素馨
联系方式: 62557090
主要内容
东西方文化的差异 西方文化的渊源 古希腊罗马文化对西方文化的影响 中世纪宗教文化 文艺复兴 近代资本主义文化
近代欧洲
学习欧洲文化的意义
认识世界、走向世界的最佳途径，就是学习其他 民族的文化与历史，借鉴他人所长，弥补自己所 短。
四、西方文化的宗教精神
西方文化传统中的一个重要方面和组成部分是宗教文化， 其中主要是基督教文化。历史上它曾占据过重要的社会 地位（如中世纪），后来西方的科学与民主精神不断发 展，但西方人仍然没有抛弃宗教，据有关资料显示现今 西方仍有35%的人信仰基督教，并仍呈蔓延之势。可以 说，在西方文化中，宗教文化不只是一种独立的文化形 态，同时它的精神也渗透到了整个西方文化之中。 过 去我们说宗教是麻醉和毒害人民的鸦片，这在人民革命 时代确实如此。但是从整个西方社会和文化的发展来看， 宗教为何盛行不衰？它有什么作用？确实值得研究。 西方宗教的产生和流行，我想还是与西方的整个文化传 统和思维方式有关。
欧洲文化入门(英文课件
历史性：欧洲文 化具有悠久的历 史，从古希腊、 罗马到中世纪、 文艺复兴等时期 都有丰富的文化 遗产
创新性：欧洲文 化具有创新性， 如文艺复兴、启 蒙运动等时期都 推动了人类文明 的进步
影响力：欧洲文 化对全球产生了 深远的影响，如 科学、哲学、艺 术、文学等领域 都产生了重要的 影响
欧洲文化的代表人物和事件
欧洲哲学的思想体系和代表人物
古希腊哲学：苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多 德
启蒙运动时期哲学：伏尔泰、卢梭、康德
中世纪哲学：奥古斯丁、托马斯·阿奎那
德国古典哲学：黑格尔、费尔巴哈、马克思
文艺复兴时期哲学：笛卡尔、培根、霍布斯
现代哲学：尼采、萨特、海德格尔
欧洲历史和哲学的文化内涵和影响
欧洲历史：从古希腊罗马到中世纪， 再到文艺复兴和启蒙运动，欧洲历 史经历了多次变革和进步
欧洲宗教的信仰体系和仪式
东正教：基督教的另一个分支， 强调教会的独立性和传统
新教：基督教的另一个分支， 强调个人信仰和圣经的权威
天主教：基督教的一个分支， 强调教会的权威和传统
仪式：洗礼、婚礼、葬礼等， 都是欧洲宗教的重要仪式
基督教：欧洲最主要的宗教， 信仰上帝和耶稣基督
节日：圣诞节、复活节、万圣 节等，都是欧洲宗教的重要节
欧洲旅游的重要景点和特色
罗马斗兽场：意大利罗马的古 代建筑，可以了解古罗马的历 史和文化
卢浮宫：法国巴黎的著名博物 馆，收藏了大量的艺术品和历 史文物
埃菲尔铁塔：法国巴黎的标志 性建筑，可以俯瞰整个巴黎市 区
威尼斯水城：意大利威尼斯的 水上城市，可以体验独特的水
上生活
巴塞罗那高迪建筑：西班牙巴 塞罗那的建筑，可以欣赏到高
欧洲艺术和音乐在欧洲历史上扮演了重要的角色，如文艺复兴时期、巴洛克时期、古典主义时期等，这些时期的 艺术和音乐对欧洲文化的发展产生了重要的影响。
欧洲文化入门--中世纪 ppt课件
Important effect on the future both the East and West.
Greatly influenced the history of Europe
Feudal lords out, kings at home strengthen themselves→help to break down feudalism→ rise of the monarchies.
Pope （罗马教皇）
↓
Archbishops (大主教）
↓
Bishop （主教）
↓
Priests （神甫）
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The Roman Catholic Church & Eastern Orthodox Church
(1054)
The Roman Catholic Church
（罗马天主教）
Wisdom (the Son) 圣子
Love (the Holy Spirit) 圣灵
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a. The Organization of Church
The Catholic Church was a highly centralized
and disciplined international organization.
1. Feudalism: a system of land-holding, a
word derived from Latin “feudum”, a grant of land：封建土地所有制
a. Growth of Feudalism b. The Manor
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欧洲文化入门 ppt课件
It was the morning那天早晨
It was the morning of that blessed day, 那一天，太阳也为哀悼上帝变得阴晦 Whereon the Sun in pity veiled his glare 我不曾抵抗就做了俘虏， For the Lord's agony, that, unaware, 因为，夫人，您那美丽的眼睛射出的无形视线 I fell a captive, Lady, to the sway 将我捆缚起来，如同囚犯一般。 Of your swift eyes; that seemed no time to stay 当时我没有意识到预防爱神的纠缠， The strokes of love: I stepped into the snare 依然若无其事、自信地迈步向前…… Secure, with no suspicion: then and there 殊不知就在此刻，我的感情之苦 I found my cue in man's most tragic play. 已经伴随着人间之痛一起涌起波涟。 Love caught me naked in his shaft, his sheaf, 在爱神面前我毫无防范， The entrance for his ambush and surprise 从眼睛到心灵全都门扉大开， Against the heart wide open through the eyes, 双眼变成热泪流淌的通道和源泉。 The constant gate and fountain of my grief 但我以为，此情此景之下 How craven so to strike me so, 用箭射中我并不是什么荣耀， Yet from you fully armed conceal his bow!因为对您，一个有防范的人，它从不会放箭。
It was the morning of that blessed day, 那一天，太阳也为哀悼上帝变得阴晦 Whereon the Sun in pity veiled his glare 我不曾抵抗就做了俘虏， For the Lord's agony, that, unaware, 因为，夫人，您那美丽的眼睛射出的无形视线 I fell a captive, Lady, to the sway 将我捆缚起来，如同囚犯一般。 Of your swift eyes; that seemed no time to stay 当时我没有意识到预防爱神的纠缠， The strokes of love: I stepped into the snare 依然若无其事、自信地迈步向前…… Secure, with no suspicion: then and there 殊不知就在此刻，我的感情之苦 I found my cue in man's most tragic play. 已经伴随着人间之痛一起涌起波涟。 Love caught me naked in his shaft, his sheaf, 在爱神面前我毫无防范， The entrance for his ambush and surprise 从眼睛到心灵全都门扉大开， Against the heart wide open through the eyes, 双眼变成热泪流淌的通道和源泉。 The constant gate and fountain of my grief 但我以为，此情此景之下 How craven so to strike me so, 用箭射中我并不是什么荣耀， Yet from you fully armed conceal his bow!因为对您，一个有防范的人，它从不会放箭。
欧洲文化入门ppt
id
The Gattamelata Equestrian Statue 格太梅拉达骑马像
Renaissance
• Giorgione乔尔乔内
(use of colour schemes配色)
Sleeping Venus
Tempesta：a group of pictures(scene before, in and after the storm)
Renaissance
(around1300-1650)
Renaissance
•我是人，人所具有的我无不具有。 —— 拉丁诗人 特伦斯（2 B.C.） •Renaissance(humanism) & CounterReformation 宗教改革→against the Middle Ages •The second half of the 15th century: modern time of the West(1492 for America) •The rise of Capitalism
Medieval architecture
• Between the time of Roman Architecture (30BC-300 AD) and the rebirth of Rome as the center of architecture during the Renaissance( 1400-1600), there were 4 overlapping, but distinctive periods of architecture: Early Christian, Byzantine, Romanesque and Gothic .The common belief in Christianity created an architectural and social unifying force. The great monuments of this period were all designed for the greater glorification of the Christian God.
The Gattamelata Equestrian Statue 格太梅拉达骑马像
Renaissance
• Giorgione乔尔乔内
(use of colour schemes配色)
Sleeping Venus
Tempesta：a group of pictures(scene before, in and after the storm)
Renaissance
(around1300-1650)
Renaissance
•我是人，人所具有的我无不具有。 —— 拉丁诗人 特伦斯（2 B.C.） •Renaissance(humanism) & CounterReformation 宗教改革→against the Middle Ages •The second half of the 15th century: modern time of the West(1492 for America) •The rise of Capitalism
Medieval architecture
• Between the time of Roman Architecture (30BC-300 AD) and the rebirth of Rome as the center of architecture during the Renaissance( 1400-1600), there were 4 overlapping, but distinctive periods of architecture: Early Christian, Byzantine, Romanesque and Gothic .The common belief in Christianity created an architectural and social unifying force. The great monuments of this period were all designed for the greater glorification of the Christian God.
欧洲文化入门--启蒙时代 ppt课件
(3). The change from
manufacturing in the home to
the factory system
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II French Philosophy and Literature
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The most important forerunners :
Montesquieu孟德斯鸠 Voltaire：伏尔泰 Rousseau 卢梭 Died rot 狄德罗
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English Revolution
Enclosure movement Puritan movement Civil War – 1642 Cromwell as Protector – 1649 Restoration of Stuart – 1660 Glorious Revolution – 1688 The Bill of Rights – 1689
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Alexander Pope蒲柏
Why has not man a microscopic eye? For this plain reason, man is not a fly! 人为什么不长显微镜般的眼睛? 理由很简单：人不是苍蝇。 Whatever is, is right. 凡存在，皆合理。 To err is human, to forgive, divine. 人孰无过，恕过者神。
Letters on the Blind 《盲人书简》
Elements of Physiology 《自然解释断想》
Rameau’s Nephew 《拉摩的侄儿》
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Diderot狄德罗
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Pindar (518-438 B.C.) Best known for odes celebrating the victories at the athletic games. (the 14 Olympian odes)
Greek Culture
Drama
- Developed in the 5th century B.C. - Performed in open-air theatres, actors wore masks
European Culture: An Introduction
Textbook
《European Culture: An Introduction》 欧洲文化入门
主编：王佐良 祝珏 李品伟 高厚堃 外语教学与研究出版社
chronological
Contents
1. Greek Culture and Roman Culture 2. The Bible and Christianity 3. The Middle Ages 4. Renaissance and Reformation 5. The Seventeenth Century 6. The Age of Enlightenment 7. Romanticism 8. Marxism and Darwinism 9. Realism 10. Modernism and Other Trends 11. Review for Final Test
5th century B.C. Greek culture reached a high point ---Failure of Persian invasion ---Establishment of democracy and flourishing of S.P.L.A.& HW Civil war between Athens and Sparta
Term Schedule
No. of Classes/Week
2
No. of Weeks
18
Total No. of Classes
36
Assessment
Final Score
Coursework 20% Final Test 80%
Introduction
Uses of the Subject
The Iliad Trojan War Greek: Agamemnon, Achilles, Odysseus Trojan: Hector
The Odyssey Return of Odysseus after the Trojan War to his home island of Ithaca.
Writer
Works
Tragedy/ Characteristics Comedy
Noted for
Aeschylus
Prometheus Bound,
(525-456 B.C.) Persians,
Agamemnon
Sophocles
Oedipus the King,
(496-406 B.C.) Electra, Antigone
Tragedy Tragedy
Euripides
Andromache, Medea, Tragedy
(484-406 B.C.) Trojan Women
Only two actors and a chorus; Written in verse
Vivid character portrayal and majestic poetry
Language cannot be learned without the knowledge of the culture behind it.
Necessary to the citizens of the world.
Two Major Elements in European Culture
4th century B.C. All Greece ruled by Alexander, King of Macedon
146 B.C.
Romans conquered Greece
Greek Culture
Social and Political Structure
Athens was a “democracy”. The economy rested on an immense
Greco-Roman element Judeo-Christian element
Division 1
Greek Culture &
Roman Culture
Greek Culture
The Historical Context
1200 B.C.Fra bibliotekWar between Greece and Troy
amount of slave labour. The Greeks loved sports.
Olympic Games The world’s foremost amateur sports
competition (1896)
Greek Culture
Homer
700B.C. Author of ancient Greeks’ epics (1200-1100 B.C.)
Add a third actor and decrease the size of the chorus.
Mainly about women; more of a realist; characters less heroic, more like ordinary people.
Greek Culture
Greek Culture
Lyric Poetry
Sappho (612-580 B.C.) woman poet - The most important lyric poet of ancient Greece - Noted for love poems of passionate intensity
Greek Culture
Drama
- Developed in the 5th century B.C. - Performed in open-air theatres, actors wore masks
European Culture: An Introduction
Textbook
《European Culture: An Introduction》 欧洲文化入门
主编：王佐良 祝珏 李品伟 高厚堃 外语教学与研究出版社
chronological
Contents
1. Greek Culture and Roman Culture 2. The Bible and Christianity 3. The Middle Ages 4. Renaissance and Reformation 5. The Seventeenth Century 6. The Age of Enlightenment 7. Romanticism 8. Marxism and Darwinism 9. Realism 10. Modernism and Other Trends 11. Review for Final Test
5th century B.C. Greek culture reached a high point ---Failure of Persian invasion ---Establishment of democracy and flourishing of S.P.L.A.& HW Civil war between Athens and Sparta
Term Schedule
No. of Classes/Week
2
No. of Weeks
18
Total No. of Classes
36
Assessment
Final Score
Coursework 20% Final Test 80%
Introduction
Uses of the Subject
The Iliad Trojan War Greek: Agamemnon, Achilles, Odysseus Trojan: Hector
The Odyssey Return of Odysseus after the Trojan War to his home island of Ithaca.
Writer
Works
Tragedy/ Characteristics Comedy
Noted for
Aeschylus
Prometheus Bound,
(525-456 B.C.) Persians,
Agamemnon
Sophocles
Oedipus the King,
(496-406 B.C.) Electra, Antigone
Tragedy Tragedy
Euripides
Andromache, Medea, Tragedy
(484-406 B.C.) Trojan Women
Only two actors and a chorus; Written in verse
Vivid character portrayal and majestic poetry
Language cannot be learned without the knowledge of the culture behind it.
Necessary to the citizens of the world.
Two Major Elements in European Culture
4th century B.C. All Greece ruled by Alexander, King of Macedon
146 B.C.
Romans conquered Greece
Greek Culture
Social and Political Structure
Athens was a “democracy”. The economy rested on an immense
Greco-Roman element Judeo-Christian element
Division 1
Greek Culture &
Roman Culture
Greek Culture
The Historical Context
1200 B.C.Fra bibliotekWar between Greece and Troy
amount of slave labour. The Greeks loved sports.
Olympic Games The world’s foremost amateur sports
competition (1896)
Greek Culture
Homer
700B.C. Author of ancient Greeks’ epics (1200-1100 B.C.)
Add a third actor and decrease the size of the chorus.
Mainly about women; more of a realist; characters less heroic, more like ordinary people.
Greek Culture
Greek Culture
Lyric Poetry
Sappho (612-580 B.C.) woman poet - The most important lyric poet of ancient Greece - Noted for love poems of passionate intensity