2020届上海各区高考英语一模完形填空汇编

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2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案

2020 上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet (兽医) almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) ___________________________________ U wouldn ' t have to assist any wounded animals. I didn ' t have the courage (22) ____________ (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) ______ a young manran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy (杜宾幼犬) in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four -month -old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) ______ the skin wasstill attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _______________________________ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. Thepuppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) ______ __________ he survived the nextfew days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I became the vet ' s assistant in all things medical. One of myfirst jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinic ' s (27) ___________ (crowed) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws(爪子) on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for methat day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I ' ve never met a dog who didn ' t know that it (30) (rescue) in one way oranother. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong (月球的)' sf ofiorstst tleupn aisrdeep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) __31__ moment if it weren ' t for NASA ' s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing __32__ and co -author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA '-tsi m eo, voep teon r ecoaml municationmade the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “ the first positive viral event that __33__ the world ' s attention.Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military ' s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency ' s early days. At first, NASA“ foflilroew iend t hae tail rule, ”only ___34___ a rocket ' s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, itstarted announcing more details about the Apollo program. It ___35___its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “ If it had been run like it was under the military, Jurek says, “ w”e would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that ___36___. Instead, all the PR and” press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people ' s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA ' s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the firsthumans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo ___37___, didn ' t exist at the poin Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would ___38___ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA ' s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital asthe ___39___ itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -along for the ride.Come landing day, which ___40___ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “ We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together, says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co -author of Marketing the Moon. “I don 't know that we ' ve done anything like that since. ”Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top ___41___ are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it ___42___. “ There ' s the situation, how we ___43___ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation, says psychologist William” Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. 44 experiences help us assess appropriateresponses, so most people improve with age. “ A high school student or a college student might not have those ___45___ skills and might let a situation get out of hand, he adds. ”Most ___46___have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones （激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over -or under-react, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental ___47___. To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol （皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.____ 48___, the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a（n） ___49___ home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early -life ___50___ actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than otherparticipants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals under-reactions suggest ' their stress response may also have trouble ___51___ when it really matters. It can be just as ___52___ as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it suggested that early - life neglect or suffering ___53___ the body 's stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can ___54___ parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association ___55___. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. between animals B. in humans C. with society D. ofimportanceSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It ' s c(ove苔re藓d )in ,m wahsicsh is, in turn, crawling with allsorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they ' re there all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I ' m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I ' m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly findmyself face to face with another bird. We ' ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decidewe can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this -- the largewindows open to a lovely, soft evening -- a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As I don ' t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures -- that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.56.The flat that author lives in is __________ .A.built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57.In the author ' s description, she implies that ____________ .A.birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58.What does the author really treasure?A. A close - to - nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59.Which of the following can be used to express the author ' s feeling?A.Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)The Sleep of Your DreamsAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us don enough shut-eye. Ourcollective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devicespromising more -- and higher - quality -- sleep. In my everlasting search for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here ' s how they stacked up.t get nearEight sleep tracker $299This mattress(床垫) topper fits under a sheet and “ turns any bed into a smart bed, ”according to Eight. While I slept, the sensor - decorated pad gathered data like heart rate, periods of deepest sleep, and number of turns. It was easy to use, and I liked the warming feature, which let me set each side of the bed to a different temperature.REM Score :8 (out of 10) Dream -pad pillow $149 and upThe Dream - pad uses smooth soundscapes to help you power down. Connect the device to your phone via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, audible only to you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. I didn 'dtr ift off any faster with the Dream-pad, but it did help me fall back asleep when I woke up at night. REM Score: 6Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System $299 $149My eight- hour restful happiness is frequently interrupted by my husband ' snoring. The Smart Nora relieves me of the need to push him. When the bedside audio sensor detects a breathing disturbance, itThe Nightingale is hi - tech. Two app - se nabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound. You can also program the system to provide weather and traffic informationwhen you wake up. The onlyslowly blows up the offender s pillow ,d goewnntlsyi de:in standby mode, it emits a faint60.By “ how they stacked upin par”agraph 1, the author probably means “ how they __________ .A. make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together.61.Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A. Dream -pad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System62.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B.The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C.Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D.One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “ epidemicstha”n equally good ideas from less well -known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “ This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant. says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.Not only is this unfair -- “ it reveals a big weakness in how we ' re dosianygs sSciimenocne ,DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “ They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost, D”eDeo says. “ Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time -- and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower -status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “ epidemic (a”s measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.The researchers mo'del suggests that there “ may be a number of quite good ideas thatoriginate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities, Clauset says. DeDeo a”grees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “ You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don ' t know because they ' re not even paying attention. ”63.The word “ this in” paragraph 2 refers to the fact that ________ .A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB.the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC.good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD.scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64.The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate _________ .A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchersB.why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC.how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutionsD. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65.Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about __________ .A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughtsB.missing the opportunities of getting more well -knownC.misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD.having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. Epidemiological ModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.B.No wonder people say they ' re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.C.Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that ' s more likely to lead to happiness andsuccess?E.It ' s something that economist have been puzzling over and they ' ve identified several reasons.F.Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.The Fullness of TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don - ric'h? t we feel time________ 67 _______One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there ' s the way we ' ve com see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others aredoing, making us anxious. ______ 68 _______ This fools us into thinking we ' re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we ' re p with out kids, we check Facebook. When we ' re hanging out with one group of friends, we postpictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘ polluted time '.We' re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart -phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. 69You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time -- after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “ The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work. Worryingly, sc”ientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they ' d never taken one. ________ 70 _______ The question stillremains unsettled.Ⅱ.Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency (加密货币)Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto -graph (密码学) to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person - to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims money'. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Ⅱ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。

2020届高三英语一模完形填空(Cloze)汇编

2020届高三英语一模16区（15份）完形填空（Cloze）汇编01. 黄浦区Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were ___41___, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the ___42___ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of ___43___ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the ___44___ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next ___45___, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the ___46___ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to a language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is ___47___ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of ___48___ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in ___49___ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously ___50___ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majori ty language. ___51___, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also ___52___ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers, most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend ___53___ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural ___54___ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to ___55___ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardize41-45 CDBCC 46-50 CCDAC 51-55 CDCCCMonaco Grand PrixThe air is fresh with the heat of early summer as you arrive in the beautiful country of Monaco on the day of the race. Your 41 to the Monte-Carlo neighborhood is bursting with color as classic styles of European architecture catch your eye. When you reach the race course area, you are led to the harbor where you will watch the race from the 42 of a friend’s yacht (游艇). Soon, the Formula One cars will pull onto the starting point and the race will begin.Each of the cars in the Monaco Grand Prix is 43 , but all of them are fast and modern. The race course also 44 as being complex and difficult, with a frightening hairpin (发夹) turn along a very narrow street. 45 these streets at speeds over 150 kilometers per hour, drivers must take care. Even the slightest 46 could turn a multi-million dollar car into a pile of waste. The driver who claims first place receives an award and will go down 47 as one of the world’s finest drivers.Indianapolis 500On race day the grandstands (大看台) are filled with excitement as you enter the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. You find your seat, 48 yourself against the harsh heat and marvel at the huge black oval (椭圆形的) track below. Moments later, a fleet of Indy Cars rolls onto the track, 49 themselves in 11 neat rows of three. The sound of 33 turning engines rings in your ears, and you cheer with the crowd as the powerful cars take off from the starting line.Unlike Monaco Formula One cars, Indycars are more uniform in their 50 . They tend to be much longer, and reach 260 kilometers per hour. Since the drivers must race for 500 miles, the race is quite long, 51 three to five hours. The resulting wear and tear on each car is managed with short stops. The driver’s excellent team performs 52 at amazing speeds. The dangerous nature of this race requires 53 communication between the drivers and their teams. They must plan short stops 54 or the driver loses precious time and it could 55 them the race.41.A. memory B. aim C. anxiety D. ride42.A. comfort B. position C. bottom D. direction43.A. colorful B. fashionable C. unique D. similar44.A. comes out B. stands out C. turns out D. points out45.A. Crossing B. Constructing C. Driving D. Competing46.A. touch B. spot C. error D. hole47.A. in history B. in advance C. in return D. in all48.A. pushing B. drawing C. fighting D. fanning49.A. following B. arranging C. warning D. urging50.A. design B. preparation C. display D. regulation51.A. timing B. extending C. delaying D. lasting52.A. check B. maintenance C. device D. condition53.A. short B. special C. constant D. loud54.A. professionally B. positively C. directly D. carefully55.A. cost B. sacrifice C. defeat D. fail41-55 DACBA CADBA DBCDAWhat did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite _____41_____ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open — an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed that the general _____42_____ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing “significant” reduction in cortisol levels— a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted “Pet Your Stress Away” programs where students can _____43_____ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students’ moods, and their _____44_____ has stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant _____45_____ ,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU’s Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated redu ctions in students’ cortisol levels during a_____46_____ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into four random groups and compared the effects of different _____47_____ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while _____48_____ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slideshow of the same animals, while the fourth group had to _____49_____ and was told they would be allowed to see the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary (唾液的) cortisol _____50_____ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had _____51_____ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these _____52_____ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more _____53_____ emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less _____54_____ way. And it did, which is _____55_____ because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and mental health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. wellbeing43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointing41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. A51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. CWhat happens when the right to know comes up against the right not to know? The ease of genetic testing has brought this question to light. Two ___41___ legal cases – one in Britain, the other in Germany – stand to alter the way medicine is practised.Both cases involve Huntington’s disease (HD), whose ___42___ include loss of co-ordination(协调), mood changes and cognitive (认知的) decline. It develops between the ages of 30 and 50, and is eventually fatal. Every child of an ___43___ parent has a 50% chance of inheriting it.In the British case, ___44___ for trial at the High Court in London in November, a woman known as ABC – to protect the ___45___ of her daughter, who is a minor –is charging a London hospital, St. George’s Healthcare NHS Trust, for not ___46___ her father’s diagnosis of HD with her. ABC was pregnant at the time of his dia gnosis, in 2009. She argues that had she been aware of it, she would have stopped the pregnancy. As it was, she found out only after giving birth to her daughter. She later tested ___47___ for HD.The German case is in some ways the mirror image of the British one. Unlike in Britain, in Germany the right not to know genetic information is protected in law. ___48___, in 2011 a doctor informed a woman that her divorced husband –the doctor’s patient – had tested positive for HD. This meant their two children were ___49___ the disease. She accused the doctor, who had acted with his patient’s permission. Both children being minors at the time, they could not legally be tested for the disease, which, as the woman’s lawyers pointed out, is currently ___50___. T hey argued that she was therefore helpless to act on the information, and ___51___ suffered a reactive depression that prevented her from working.Both cases test a legal grey area. If the right to know is ___52___ recognized in Britain later this year, that may remove some uncertainties, but it will also create new ones. To what lengths should doctors go to track down and inform family members, ___53___?It is the law’s job to ___54___ these rights for the modern age. When the law falls behind technology, somebody often pays the price, and currently that somebody is ___55___. As these two cases demonstrate, they find themselves in a difficult situation –charged if they do, accused if they don’t.41. A. remarkable B. distinct C. contrasting D. dominant42. A. consequences B. symptoms C. indications D. diagnoses43. A. influenced B. affected C. inherited D. annoyed44. A. scheduled B. determined C. approved D. implemented45. A. possession B. status C. health D. identity46. A. revealing B. sharing C. reminding D. concealing47. A. convinced B. suspicious C. infected D. positive48. A. Nevertheless B. Thus C. Additionally D. Fundamentally49. A. in advance of B. in the course of C. at the close of D. at the risk of50. A. inevitable B. inextinguishable C. incurable D. intolerable51. A. as a result B. after all C. above all D. in return52. A. financially B. academically C. legally D. culturally53. A. on occasion B. by comparison C. in effect D. for example54. A. reserve B. balance C. defend D. draft55. A. lawmakers B. victims C. patients D. doctors41----45 CBB AD 46----50 BDADC 51----55 ACDBD Inc. is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market.The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third-party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, . __42__, domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long __43__ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to __44__ in the face of competition from China’s faster-moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to __45__ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor, NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock-for-stock transaction (交易), according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from __46__ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those __47__, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained __48__ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services.Amazon China’s p resident would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer-business team will report __49__ to the company’s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the __50__ of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash-on-delivery as their top form of __51__. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) __52__ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross-border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEaseKaola’s 25% __53__ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall International.Chinese consumers are becoming more fascinatedwith __54__ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market Research’s founder, said American e-commerce giants __55__ obstacles in Ch ina because they hadn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.41.A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42.A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition43.A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44.A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive45.A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply46.A. time-consuming B. long-suffering C. ever-lasting D. consumer-facing47.A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48.A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49.A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly50.A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation51.A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade52.A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant53.A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum54.A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55.A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came across41-45 CACBB 46-50 DADBC 51-55 BDACDSince 2008, the average labour-force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-olds in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries has risen by eight percentage points. A new OECD report, “Working Better with Age”, points out that the employment of older workers is _____41_____, if prosperity is to be maintained. That can be taken as a sign that our society is finally _____42_____ the value of its older employees.Retirement gives you the chance to sleep late and avoid the morning rush hours. No longer do you have to sit through endless meetings or check email frequently. But work can keep the mind active and gives people a _____43_____ in life. The first month of retirement may seem pleasant, but _____44_____ is sure to come. Grand plans to learn languages and travel the world can quickly lose their appeal. _____45_____, the company of colleagues provides a social network; spending all week at home can lead to loneliness.Working longer should be easier now that most jobs require _____46_____, rather than manual, labour. Of course, many people are working longer not because they enjoy what they do, but because they cannot afford to _____47_____. That is not just because governments have been pushing up the state retirement age. _____48_____, the average age at which people actually retire differs from the official age by several years. In part, that is because many people do not rely on the state pension as their only source of income and need work-related pensions to supplement it.However, companies are gradually _____49_____ pensions linked to final salaries with “defined contribution” schemes. Under the latter, workers end up with a pot of savings at retirement that needs to be _____50_____. The income from such pots has been reduced by very low interest rates. Women tend to have smaller retirement pots (thanks to their years spent raising children), making their difficulties even more _____51_____. They need to keep working.Older workers may feel _____52_____ , particularly when it comes to promotion. Two issues seem to hold _____53_____ back. The first is that older workers tend to _____54_____ higher salaries, because of the seniority system. The second is a _____55_____ of skills；one in three 55- to 65-year-olds in OECD countries either lack computer experience or cannot pass technology tests. Such problems can be resolved with proper training, but the over-55s should take it upon themselves to keep up with technological changes.41. A. shortsighted B. vital C. adequate D. unnecessary42. A. recognizing B. assessing C. questioning D. transforming43. A. frame B. choice C. lesson D. purpose44. A. liberty B. boredom C. priority D. motivation45. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Furthermore46. A. mental B. simple C. physical D. routine47. A. proceed B. continue C. persist D. quit48. A. In conclusion B. In other words C. In practice D. In particular49. A. replacing B. furnishing C. increasing D. combining50. A. registered B. reinvested C. refunded D. removed51. A. personal B. severe C. emotional D. practical52. A. competitive B. dominant C. distinguished D. disadvantaged53. A. employers B. researchers C. employees D. female workers54. A. command B. ensure C. oppose D. ignore55. A. range B. discipline C. shortage D. set41- 45 BADBD 46-50 ADCAB 51-55 BDAACIn product design, imagining users’ feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in new product design, connecting with users’ heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and41 products is critical to a company’s long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially 42 consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) 43 that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy（同感）, which 44 creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can 45 the consumer’s product usag e. One focuses on objective use of the product—how consumers might use the product, that is, an “objective –imagination” approach. The other focuses on feelings—how the product makes the consumer feel, a “feelings-imagination” approach.Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers 46 this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. That’s important, but the 47 of usage can only attract consumers in some ways. 48 , the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more49 to the consumers’ ideas. This leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, that’s powerful and will lead to something much more innovative than only focusing on a product’s usage.” The research shows that a feelings-based approach is 50 to the commonly used objective-based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but it also helps them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies’ design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasingly 51 consumers for new product ideas.”52 , there was a very successful campaign a few years ago that focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a53 effect of adopting a feelings-imagination approach. That suggests that these designers may 54 imagining users’ feelings. In this way, designers can develop products that could 55 to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercises through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking in52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What’s more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C. adapt D. commit41—45: BDCAD 46—50: CBDAB 51—55: CDBBAStories about the problems of tourism have been numerous in the last few years. Yet it does not have to be a problem. Although tourism inevitably affects the region in which it takes place, the costs to these fragile(脆弱的) environments and their local cultures can be __41__. Indeed, as has happened with some Alpine villages，it can even be a(n) __42__ for refreshing local cultures. And a growing number of adventure tourism __43__ are trying to ensure that their activities benefit the local population and environment over the long term.In the Swiss Alps, communities have decided that their future depends on combining tourism more effectively with the local __44__. Local concern about the rising number of second home developments in the Swiss Pays-d’Enhaut resulted in __45__ being imposed on their growth. There has also been a new interest in cheese production in the area, providing the locals with a __46__ source of income that does not depend on outside visitors.Many of the Arctic tourist destinations have been exploited by __47__ companies, who employ temporary workers and send most of the profits back to their home base. But some Arctic communities are now operating tour businesses themselves, thereby ensuring that the benefits increase __48__. For instance, a native corporation in Alaska, employing local people, is running an air tour from Anchorage to Kotzebue, where tourists eat Arctic food, walk on the lands and watch local musicians and dancers.Native people in the desert regions of the American Southwest have followed __49__ strategies, encouraging tourists to visit their towns and reservations to __50__ high-quality handicrafts and artwork. Some have established highly profitable stoneware businesses, while the Navajo and Hopi groups have been similarly __51__ with jewelry.Too many people living in fragile environments have lost control over their economies, their culture and their environment when tourism has spread through their homelands. Merely restricting tourism cannot be the __52__ to the imbalance because people’s desire to see new places will not just disappear. __53__, communities in fragile environments must achieve greater control over tourism ventures in their regions, in order to __54__ their needs and desires with the demands of tourism. A growing number of communities are __55__ that, with firm combined decision-making, this is possible. The critical question now is whether this can become the normal status, rather than the exception.41. A. promoted B. minimized C. inherited D. deleted42. A. vehicle B. responsibility C. example D. entrance43. A. operators B. professors C. mayors D. journalists44. A. committee B. culture C. scenery D. economy45. A. views B. burdens C. limits D. qualifications46. A. costly B. critical C. reliable D. sensible47. A. responsible B. native C. thoughtful D. outside48. A. locally B. extensively C. virtually D. typically49. A. positive B. personalized C. similar D. primary50. A. estimate B. collect C. appreciate D. purchase51. A. relevant B. successful C. combined D. impressed52. A. desire B. solution C. appeal D. priority53. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Besides54. A. balance B. meet C. require D. recognize55. A. complaining B. mentioning C. demonstrating D. protesting41-55 BAADC CDACD BBAACA star athlete stopped by my office and she was eaten up by self-criticism after committing a few errors during a weekend match. “I’m at peak __41__and I practise hard. How is this happening?” This student, like many I teach, believes she should be able to __42__ the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard w ork.I study and write about resilience（复原力）, and I’m noticing a(n) __43__increase in students like this athlete. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fall short of what they imagine they should ___44___, however, they are crushed by self-blame.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from ___45___. But there is something else at play among the most advantaged in particular: a ___46___ promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mind-set” research, which has found that praising children for ___47___ will increase academic performance. Developed by Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck, mind-set education has spread across classrooms worldwide. But a 2018 analysis found that while praising hard work over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not ___48____ help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Nina Kumar, who argued in a research paper last year that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker communitie s, “It is not a ___49___ of motivation and perseverance that is the big problem. ___50____, it is unhealthy perfectionism and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the fierce drive for achievements is over the top.” This can ___51___ physical and emotional stress. In a 2007 study, psychologists Gregory Miller determined that adolescent girls who refused to give up the ___52___ goals showed elevated levels of CRP, a protein that serves as a marker of systemic inflammation（炎症）linked to diabetes, heart disease and other medical conditions.The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. This knowledge comes early to underrepresented minorities whose experience of discrimination（歧视）and inequality teaches them to ___53___what is, for now, largely beyond their control to change. Yet for others, the belief that success is always within their grasp is a setup. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we should all question a culture that has taught them that how they perform for others is more important than what ___54___ inspires them and that where they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are. We should be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of disappointing us when we least ___55___ it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.41. A. coolness B. fitness C. goodness D. readiness42. A. control B. change C. adjust D. celebrate43. A. amusing B. inspiring C. troubling D. touching44. A. apply B. approve C. appreciate D. accomplish45. A. disbelief B. disagreement C. discovery D. discomfort46. A. bright B. false C. general D. flexible47. A. virtue B. ability C. effort D. status48. A. originally B. obviously C. necessarily D. regularly49. A. choice B. command C. display D. lack50. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However51. A. result from B. appl y for C. associate with D. lead to52. A. immoral B. impersonal C. impossible D. impolite53. A. challenge B. accept C. assess D. inquire54. A. plainly B. probably C. immediately D. actually55. A. exhibit B. expect C. establish D. recognize41-55 BACDD BCCDA DCBDB。

2020上海高考英语一模完型填空解析版

2020年完形填空解析版静安【解答】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在到处充斥着虚假新闻的时代，卖家与消费者建立信任至关重要，最佳方式是与消费者进行公开对话。

【小题1】答案：B解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：事实证明，对自己的产品保持诚实是令人痛苦的，这实际上可能会使你的品牌受益。

A.nervous紧张的；B.honest诚实的；C.careful仔细的；D.particular挑剔的。

上文提到随着消费者对网络广告和隐私问题越来越失望，该如何说服消费者购买你的产品呢？再结合下文的介绍可知，对自己的产品保持诚实会让你的品牌受益，故B项正确。

【小题2】答案：C解析：考查副词词义辨析。

句意：此外，根据该报告，大多数消费者对在线同行评议和朋友推荐的信任远高于公司的广告信息。

A.Instead相反；B.Otherwise否则；C.Moreover此外；D.However然而。

空前说消费者对影响者营销策略的认知正在提高,此处对前面进行补充说明，与之是并列关系，用moreover引出需要补充的内容，故C项正确。

【小题3】答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意同上。

A.reviews评论、评议；B.reactions反应；C.experiences经历；D.instructions指示。

根据空后的"as much as recommendations from friends"可知此处指”同行评议”，故A项正确。

【小题4】答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：看起来，来自普通人的反馈实际上比一个难以企及的品牌大使更有分量。

A.weight重量重要性；B.risks风险；C.warnings警告；D.burdens负担。

上文说大多数消费者对在线同行评议和朋友推荐的信任远高于公司的广告信息，因此普通人的反馈似乎比一个品牌大使更有分量，故A项正确。

【小题5】答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：报告发现，供应商和买家之间存在很大的信任鸿沟。

2020届上海市各区英语一模试卷专题汇总-语法填空(含答案)

2020届上海市各区一模试卷专题汇总—语法填空（含答案）【杨浦区】Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Killer RabbitsYou’d never think of rabbits as dreadful, destructive creatures, would you? Rabbits are cute and loveable. However, Australians discovered (21) ________ harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running around large estates, and in 1859, disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he (22) ________ have thought that was harmless fun. But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23) ________(adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the diseases that kept their populations (24) ________ control in Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well, rabbits, and began to take over the countryside. Within a few decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were 600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm. They caused more damage than any other species introduced to the continent. They ate native plant species (25) ________ they disappeared. They competed for food and shelter with native animals. They caused the extinction or endangerment of numerous plant and animal species. And they were a nightmare for cattle and sheep farmers, (26) _________ animals couldn't get enough grass to eat and starved.The rabbits did some good, of course. They provided food for poor families. They supported fur industries. But their impact on the environment and major livestock economy was too negative (27) ________ (ignore). People tried trapping them. They even built a huge wall against them. But (28) ________ (effective) weapon was a virus.(29) _________ (test) multiple times, the deadly myxoma virus was released on Australia's rabbits in 1950. The virus had been developed very carefully to affect only rabbits. Nearly 100 percent of the rabbits who caught the disease (30) ________ (die). Populations fell. It was a huge success. Cattle and sheep farming recovered gradually, and threatened plants were better protected. Eventually, rabbits became resistant to the virus.答案：21. what 22. must 23. adapted 24. under 25. until 26. whose27. to be ignored 28. the most effective 29. Having been tested 30. died 【普陀区】Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community (21) _______ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects (22) _______ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from (23) _______ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than (24) _______ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones (25) ________ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native (26) ________ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population (27) ________ (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population (28) ________ (migrate) to New Zealand.(29) _________ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s (30) ________ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.答案21. because/since/as 22. that/ which 23. what 24. (had been) expected 25. must 26. to 27. was wiped 28. to migrate 29. Though/ Although/While 30. rarest【崇明区】Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create some thing to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect)with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30)________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”21. has created22. developing23.that 24. to be grouped 25. where 26. connected 27. but 28.whose 29. themselves30. As long as【青浦区】Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Mako sharks get new protectionsAt the global wildlife trade meeting in Geneva, countries have decided to protect the endangered mako shark from trade. GENEV A made the proposal (21) ______ more protections should be taken for both shortfin and longfin mako sharks and was adopted today after a 102-40 vote at the global wildlife trade summit. The vote stillneeds to be finalized at the full meeting at the end, when all appendix (附录) changeproposals passed in committee are officially adopted.The proposal, debated at this year’s CITES Conference, lists mako sharks under Appendix II, meaning that th ey can’t be traded (22) ______ it can be shown that fishing wouldn’t threaten their chances for survival. Conservationists say this was the world’s last chance to prevent mako shark populations from collapsing.(23) ______ (list) mako sharks on CITES Appendix II is great news for shark conservation. More than 50 of the 183 CITES members signed on as supporters of the proposal brought forth by Mexico. Nonetheless, conservationists feared that opposition from a few countries with fairly large mako fishing industries—primarily the United States, Canada, and Japan—(24) ______ tip the scale. Japan opposed the measure during the debates, and the United States announced afterward it (25) ______ (vote) no.In the past, the U.S. and others have supported listing other shark species under CITES, but not so in this case, (26) ______ commercial interests. For a lot of these countries, they were happy to list shark species when it was ones they weren’t so heavily involved in fishing. Suddenly, when they’re being asked to be responsible, rather than asking other people to be responsible, they’re (27) ______ (little) keen to take it on board.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature, which determines the conservation status of species claims that both species of mako sharks to be endangered, saying an (28) ______ (estimate) 50 to 79 percent population decline over three generations, or about 75 years. They (29) ______ (target) for their fins (鳍),used in shark fin soup—a dish in Asian countries, that’s often served at weddings as a sign of respect for guests. Their meat is more edible compared to (30) ______ of other sharks, which is often acidic and is usually sold as a byproduct of the fin trade for “pennies on the dollar”.21. that 22. unless 23. Listing 24. could/would 25. had voted26. with/for 27. less 28. estimated 29. are targeted 30. thatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions (21) I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepyhead against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) (much) comfort.Some (24) argue that the aisle(走廊) seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to getoff swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’r e all getting our drinks and snacks (25) seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’l l choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’l l seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) keep me coming back, flight after flight, to my window seat.21. when / where 22. booking 23. more 24. may / do 25. within / in 26. won’t need27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink / shrinking 30. whatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This weekend many families in America will celebrate Mother’s Day. The event dates back to May 9, 1914, (21) _____ America’s President Wilson established the official holiday. Some people had begun campaigning for the holiday a few years (22) _____ (early). Finally in 1914, the president made it official. He declared that each second Sunday in May (23) _____ (dedicate) to thanking the nation’s mothers. He also ordered all government buildings (24) _____ (display) the national flag on that day. According to President Wilson, this was done “as a public expression of... love ... for the mothers of our country”.Before long, people in other countries (25) _____ (begin) asking for a similar holiday to celebrate their mothers. Mexico celebrated its first official Mother’s Day on May 10, 1922. May 10th became their annual holiday because the country preferred a fixed date to (26) _____ that changed.Other countries are happy to share the day with the United States. Some on the list include Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Japan and Turkey.Oddly enough, the U.S. Congress rejected a Mother’s Day resolution at first. Today, though, Mother’s Day is a highly popular holiday. It’s also very successful commercially. Along with giving cards, candy and flowers, (27) _____ (take) moms out for brunch is a very popular gesture. America’s National Restaurant Association says Mother’s Day is the year’s most popular day for eating out.But why do we honor our mothers? Many moms lovingly dedicate their lives to their children. Moms sacrifice time, sleep and often their own dreams. Moms try to provide a strong foundation (28) _____ _____ children can build their lives. With (29) _____ (love) care, mothers guide their children toward adulthood.When we consider everything our mothers have done for us, how can we not honor them? There’s no need to wait for a national holiday, th ough. Every day is a great opportunity to tell our mothers (30) _____ they mean to us.21.when 22. earlier 23. would be dedicated 24. to display 25. began 26. one 27. taking 28. on which/so that 29. loving 30. whatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomsAmerican schools are going high-tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, notebooks — even classrooms (21) ______ — are quickly becoming outdated.As this week marks The Huffington Post’s 10th anniversary, we’lltake a look at some products that (22) ______ (introduce) to classrooms in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) ______ (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) ______ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25) ______ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) ______ “go” to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabledwith video chat that they can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks”can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) ______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. GlassLabcreates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’ progress as well as suggestions on (28) ______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’re often distracting, (29) ______ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) ______ (personalize), —and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.21. themselves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if25. hoping 26. can 27. which 28. what /the 29. but 30. personalized[【浦东新区】Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A New Hero is Here to Save the DayIt’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power, he or she must endure loneliness and suffering as a result. The Flash(闪电侠), however, makes a fun, lightning-quick and optimistic superhero. After the wild success of TV series Arrow, a TV network launched The Flash, (21) (show) the image of this Superhero, who was only a supporting character in Arrow.Like Spiderman, who gained the ability to make webs and climb walls after he (22) (bite) by a spider, Barry Allen in The Flash was shocked into superhero-status by accident. A strike from a lightning put Allen into a nine-month unconscious state, and when he emerged, he found himself (23) (equip) with super speed.Naturally, Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash, a hero (24) extreme speed of fight super-powered bad guys. But the Flash also has other purposes, namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.In line with superhero series standards, The Flash features action and eye-popping special effects. There’s nothing terribly innovative here, but (25) we do get is a unique superhero with a more unusual personality. (26) Allen has gone through unpleasant childhood experience, in this show he grows into a superhero (27) powers include optimism. He’s got a group of scientists that not only save his life, but also provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary (28) (fight) crime.A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as a bad character, who uses a gun that (29) turn anything into ice. US shows began their entrance into the Chinese market with Friends, but Prison Break pushed interest in US TV series to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting. Now Miller’s back to act in The Flash. (30) is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Break fans to revisit their old favorite, although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).21.showing 22. was bitten/had been bitten 23. equipped 24. with25. what 26. Even though/if 27. whose 28. to fight29. can 30. It。

2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--语法填空--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)

前言：2019学年也就是2020届上海各区高三第一次质量检测试卷（一模）语法填空部分已经全部校对完成，共查出5处文字错误，已经追溯求源对比原文改正。

格式问题已经全部整理成纯word形式，不含特殊格式。

大家可以直接下载打印使用。

II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Innovations that will change the classroomsAmerican schools are going high-tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, note books —even classrooms (21) ______ —are quickly becoming outdated.As thi s week marks The Huffington Post’s 10th anniversary, we’ll take a look at some products that (22) ______ (introduce) to classrooms in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) ______ (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) ______ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25) ______ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) ______ “go” to s chool via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks” can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) ______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. Glass Lab creates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’ progress as well as suggestions on (28) ______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet an d other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’re often distracting, (29) ______ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) ______ (personalize), — and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.Keys:21. themselves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if 25. hoping26. can 27. which 28. what /the 29. but 30. personalizedⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) ______ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) ______ (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) ______ (much) comfort.Some (24) ______ argue that the aisle(走廊)seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) ______seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) ______ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll s eize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) ______ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, o r golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) ______ ______ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) ______ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ______ keep me coming back, flight after flight, to my window seat.Keys:21. when / where 22. booking 23. more 24. may / do 25. within / in26. won’t need27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink / shrinking 30. whatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A New Hero is Here to Save the DayIt’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power, he or she must endure loneliness and suffering as a result. The Flash(闪电侠), however, makes a fun, lightning-quick and optimistic superhero. After the wild success of TV series Arrow, a TV network launched The Flash, (21) ______ (show) the image of this Superhero, who was only a supporting character in Arrow.Like Spiderman, who gained the ability to make webs and climb walls after he (22) ______(bite) by a spider, Barry Allen in The Flash was shocked into superhero-status by accident. A strike from a lightning put Allen into a nine-month unconscious state, and when he emerged, he found himself (23) ______ (equip) with super speed.Naturally, Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash, a hero (24) ______ extreme speed to fight super-powered bad guys. But the Flash also has other purposes, namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.In line with superhero series standards, The Flash features action and eye-popping special effects. There’s nothing terribly innovative here, bu t (25) ______ we do get is a unique superhero with a more unusual personality. (26) ______ ______ Allen has gone through unpleasant childhood experience, in this show he grows into a superhero (27) ______ powers include optimism. He’s got a group of scient ists that not only save his life, but also provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary (28) ______ (fight) crime.A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as a bad character, who uses a gun that (29) ______ turn anything into ice. US shows began their entrance into the Chinese market with Friends, but Prison Break pushed interest in US TV series to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting. Now Miller’s back to act in The Flash.(30) ______ is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Break fans to revisit their old favorit e, although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).Keys:21. showing 22. was bitten/had been bitten 23. equipped 24. with 25. what26. Even though/if 27. whose 28. to fight 29. can 30. ItII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _______ I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn’t have the c ourage (22) _______ (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _______ a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _______ the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _______ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _______ _______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I b ecame the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into t he clinic’s (27) _______ (crowd) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) _______ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) _______ (rescue) in one way or another.Keys:21. that 22. to watch 23. when 24. where 25. sewing26. Even if/Even though 27. crowded 28. myself. 29.at 30. had been rescuedII. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. (21) _________ (inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure —a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations (22) ________ (come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23) ________ (translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24) ________(sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) __________. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26) __________ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27) _______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the s tories: keep your promises, don’t talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28) _______ all Wilhelm’s additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’ bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29) _______ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms’ tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers’ skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30) _______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was t hat the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.Keys:21. Inspired 22. to come 23. has been translated 24. sold 25. themselves 26. when 27. Though/Although/While 28. despite 29. because 30. what/whateverⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time.And (21) ______ more Americans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime(22) ______ we eating together, 74%, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?”Bechtel said, (23) ______ (look) up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often (24) ______ (work)through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on (25)______ shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself,”she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis (26) ______ he wants to have a little interaction. “I reflect on(27) ______ myday's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work (28) ______ (refresh) and with a plan.''That freedom (29) ______ (choose) is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demer itt, (30) ______ company provided the statistics for the report.Keys:21. like 22. are 23. looking 24. works 25. the26. if/when 27. how 28. refreshed 29. to choose 30. whoseII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Ancient Myth---A Hit With Modern AudiencesThis summer’s surprise hit at movie theaters across China was the re-telling of the ancient myth of Nezha. The animated film (21) ______ (take) in over four billion yuan at the box office and become one of the country’s most successful films ever. It proved that China could produce animated films comparable to (22) ______ produced in Hollywood and Japan.The film, directed by Yang Yu, was a massive undertaking(任务) from start to finish. He spent two years writing the script(剧本) and three more years making a film which required the efforts of 1,600 animators. But for Yang, it was a way to prove to himself that he (23) ______ change his fate and inspire others to change their fate as well.“I used to suffer from a lot of prejudice after changing my career,” said Yang, “Since then I have thought about making an animated film to encourage young people to persist in their dreams.”(24) ______ (convey) the message that “your fate is in your own hands,” Yang made some changes to the original myth. Nezha was born a devil(恶魔), (25) ______ (fate) to cause mischief(恶作剧), but he decides to overcome his fate and to save the people of his hometown from being destroyed by Ao Bing, the third son of the Dragon King.(26) ______ the ancient myth being very clear about the differences between the good and the bad guys, in Yang’s film, all of the characters are treated with empathy, and even the “bad” people are also victims of their fate, (27) ______, actually, have the potential to change and become good.Over the years, I have come across a few students labeled as “devils.” Although some misbehaved simply (28) ______ they were not mature enough, others were trouble-making and uncooperative when they were in a bad mood. Those students need to know they were not doomed to be bad. As they grew up, they would have the power to change their circumstances.If you have seen Nezha, you know (29) ______ a terrific, entertaining film it is. But an important lesson is also conveyed in the film (30) ______ we should not judge ourselves or others too harshly, so as not to allow those negative judgments to control our fate.Keys:21. has taken 22. those 23.could 24.To convey 25. fated26. Despite 27. who 28. because 29. what 30. thatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche (21) ______ (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury thebottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches (22) ______be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers (诱发因素) can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives (23) ______ (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, (24) ______ snowfall is greatest. As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict — and often prevent — avalanches from (25) ______ (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places (26) ______ massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. (27) ______ it’s possible to dig out of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself (28) ______ (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging (29) ______ farther under the snow rather than to the top!Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around you (30) ______ (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.Keys:21. will vary / varies 22. can 23. have been known /are known 24. when 25. occurring 26. with 27. While/Though/Although 28. buried 29. themselves 30. to createII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21) ______ (create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22) ______ (develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23) ______ helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24) ______ (group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25) ______ she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26) ______ (connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27) ______ venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding camp aign in March last year to support her Timeless app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28) ______ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29) ______ because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to mak e kids put their ideas into action,”she said “(30) ______ ______ ______ you get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”Keys:21. has created 22. developing 23.that 24. to be grouped 25. where26. connected 27. but 28.whose 29. themselves 30. As long asII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community (21) _______ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects (22) _______ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from (23) _______ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than (24) _______ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones (25) ________ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native (26) ________ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population (27) ________ (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population (28) ________ (migrate) to New Zealand.(29) _________ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s(30) ________ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.Keys:21. because/since/as 22. that/ which 23. what 24. (had been) expected 25. must26. to 27. was wiped 28. to migrate 29. Though/ Although/While 30. rarestII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Climbing the world's highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu's mind as a 25-year-old in 1974, when he played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) ______ at least get a tree health check-up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848-metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite (冻伤)after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) ______ he later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ______ (invite) to assess Xia's condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) ______ to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) ______ (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) ______ (diagnose) with lymphoma(淋巴瘤).He had to undergo another round of amputation(截肢), losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world's highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche(雪崩) (27) ______ had killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double-amputee climbers on Qomolongma inDecember 2017, but it didn't last long after a protest (28) ______ a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) ______ (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) ______ he had imagined it would be. “I had thought when I finally reached the summit, I would shout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, 1 just felt calm," Xia said.Keys:21.could 22. that 23. invited 24. himself 25. waking26. was diagnosed 27. that/which 28. from 29. to climb 30. how/whatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Killer RabbitsYou’d never think of rabbits as dreadful, destructive creatures, would you? Rabbits are cute and loveable. However, Australians discovered (21) ________ harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running around large estates, and in 1859, disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he (22) ________ have thought that was harmless fun. But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23) ________(adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the diseases that kept their populations (24) ________ control in Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well, rabbits, and began to take over the countryside. Within a few decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were 600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm. They caused more damage than any other species introduced to the continent. They ate native plant species (25) ________ they disappeared. They competed for food and shelter with native animals. They caused the extinction。

完形填空-2020年上海市高三英语一模专项训练

04-2020年上海市高三英语一模真题专项训练之完形填空2020奉贤一模Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be 41 to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption, 42 , as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can 43 help to make things better.One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping(剥) them of theirbark(树皮). Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious 44 , set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned 45 , to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively 46 fire. To keep things consistent, he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树), in all three zones. He picked marulas because they are particular 47 of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to 48 from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they 49 the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their 50 , they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost 51 during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial(两年一次的) burn zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were 52 re-grew only 72%.The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to 53 tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the biennial burn zone and three in the annual zone dev eloped ants’ nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treatingtrees’ wounds by killing ants that might 54 colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually 55 to sick ones.41. A. difficult B. reasonable C. necessary D. awful42. A. however B. therefore C. furthermore D. somehow43. A. uniquely B. barely C. actually D. merely44. A. phenomenon B. evidence C. imagination D. assumption45. A. equally B. regularly C. severely D. purposely46. A. burnt with B. protected from C. covered by D. exposed to47. A. participants B. partners C. victims D. friends48. A. mark B. remove C. hit D. measure49. A. regulated B. checked C. healed D. monitored50. A. disappointment B. surprise C. joy D. relief51. A. vitality B. height C. bark D. strength52. A. controlled B. prevented C. started D. boosted53. A. disturb B. promote C. impact D. quicken54. A. therefore B. nevertheless C. then D. otherwise55.A. beneficial B. unbelievable C. effective D. cruel41-55 BACDB BCBDB CBADA2020宝山一模Monaco Grand PrixThe air is fresh with the heat of early summer as you arrive in the beautiful country ofMonaco on the day of the race. Your ___41____ to the Monte-Carlo neighborhood is bursting with color as classic styles of European architecture catch your eye. When you reach the race course area, you are led to the harbor where you will watch the race from the____ 42____ of a friend’s yacht (游艇）.Soon, the Formula One cars will pull onto the starting point and the race will begin.Each of the cars in the Monaco Grand Prix is ____43____, but all of them are fast and modern. The race course also ____44____ as being complex and difficult, with a frightening hairpin (发夹）turn along a very narrow street. ____45____ these streets at speeds over 150 kilometers per hour, drivers must take over. Even the slightest _____46____ could turn a multi-million dollar car into a pile of waste. The driver who claims first place receives an award and will go down ____47____ a s one of the world’s finest drivers.Indianapolis 500On race day the grandstands (大看台）are filled with excitement as you enter theIndianapolis Motor Speedway. You find your seat, ____48____ yourself against the harsh heatand marvel at the huge black oval (椭圆形的）track below. Moments later, a fleet of Indy Carsrolls onto the track, ____49____ themselves in 11 neat rows of three. The sound of 33 turning engines rings in your ears, and you cheer with the crowd as the powerful cars take off from the starting line.Unlike Monaco Formula One cars, Indy cars are more uniform in their ____50____. They tend to be much longer, and reach 260 kilometers per hour. Since the drivers must race for 500 miles, the race is quite long, ____51____ three to five hours. The resulting wear and tear on each car is managed with short stop. The driver’s excellent team performs____52____ at amazing speeds. The dangerous nature of this race requires ____53____ communication between the drivers and their teams. They must plan short stops ____54____ or the driver loses precious time and it could _____55____ them the race.41. A. memory B. aim C. anxiety D. ride42. A. comfort B. position C. bottom D. direction43. A. colorful B. fashionable C. unique D. similar44. A. comes out B. stands out C. turns out D. points out45. A. Crossing B. Constructing C. Driving D. Competing46. A. touch B. spot C. error D. hole47. A. in history B. in advance C. in return D. in all48. A. pushing B. drawing C. fighting D. fanning49. A. following B. arranging C. warning D. urging50. A. design B. preparation C. display D. regulation51. A. timing B. extending C. delaying D. lasting52. A. check B. maintenance C. device D. condition53. A. short B. special C. constant D. loud54. A. professionally B. positively C. directly D. carefully55. A. cost B. sacrifice C. defeat D. fail.41-45 DACBA 46-50 CADBA 51-55 DBCDA2020崇明一模What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite __41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in A ERA Open — an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association — last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing''significant” reduction in cortisol levels — a chemical produced by our bodies in limes of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while__48__ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__ and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__ 53 __ emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__ way. And it did, which is __55__ because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant bene fits for physical and menial health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointing 41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. A51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C2020虹口一模Am Inc. is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market. The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third - party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, .___42___,domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long ___43___ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to ___44___ in the face of competition from China’s faster - moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to ___45___ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competi tor, NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock - for - stock transaction（交易）, according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from ___46___ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those ___47___, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained ___48___ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon China’s president would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer - business team will report ___49___ to the company’s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the ___50____ of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash - on - delivery as their to form of ___51___. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) ___52___ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross - border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEase Kaola’s 25%___53___ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall InternationalChinese consumers are becoming more fascinated with ___54___ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market research’s founder, said American e-commerce giants ___55___ obstacles in China because they didn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.41. A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42. A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition43. A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44. A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive45. A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply46. A. time - consuming B. long - suffering C. ever - lasting D. consumer - facing47. A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48. A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49. A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly50. A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation51. A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade52. A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant53. A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum54. A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55. A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came across41 - 45 CACBB 46 - 50 DADBC 51 - 55 BDACD2020黄浦一模Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were __41__, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the __42__ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of __43__ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the__44__ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next __45__, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the __46__ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to lan guage with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent abouthalf of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is __47__ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of __48__ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in __49__ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously __50__ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. __51__, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also __52__ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend __53__ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural __54__ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to __55__ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardize41-50 CDAAC CDDAC BCCCC2020嘉定一模In product design, imagining user’s feelings leads to more original outcomesResearchers find that in a new product design, connecting with user’s heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and __41__ products is critical to a company’s long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially __42__ consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) __43__ that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy（同感）, which __44__ creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can __45__ the consumer’s product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product - how consumers might use the product, that is, an “objective - imagination” approach. The other focuses on feelings - how the product makes the consumer feel, a “feeling-imagination” approach.Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers __46__ this trap of being very objective in focusing on theuse of a product. T hat’s important, leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more __48__, the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more __49__ to the consumers’ ideas. This leads to greater outco me originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, that’s powerful and will lead to something much more innovative than only focusing on a product’s usage.” The research shows that a feelings - based approach is __50__ to the commonly used objective - based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but is also them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasingly __51__ consumers for new product ideas.” __52__, there was very successful campaign a few years ago focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a __53__ effect of adopting a feelings - imagination approach. That suggest that these designers may __54__ imagining users’ feelings. In this way, designers can develop products the could __55__ to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercise through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking to52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What’s more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C. adapt D. commit41-45 BDCAD 46-50 CBDAB 51-55 CDBBA2020静安一模In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is CrucialWith consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how do you convince shoppers to buy your narrative (叙述), let alone your product?A recent report by TrustRadius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors (供应商), may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully __41__ about their products.Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics (策略) is increasing. __42__, according to the report, most consumers trust online peer __43__ as much as recommendations from friends — and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more __44__ than a brand ambassador (大使) from an out-of-reach personality.Transparency (透明度) is crucial. The report found that there is a large trust __45__ between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are tran sparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors __46__ to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process — but only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, con sumers don’t expect any products to be__47__ — they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can__48__the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more __49__. 66percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.Along with the combination of fake news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been fake reviews as well. Review sites have been __50__giving preferential (优惠的)treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning (有辨别力的), as a result. __51__, review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social mediaproviding customer experiences on a second-to-second basis. When brands treat every __52__ with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to delivering a valued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure __53__, and often, these customers will become brandambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the __54__ of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting-edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open __55__ with your customers. Being more human, transparent, andlistening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked byconsumer suspicion.41.A. nervous B. honest C. carefulD. particular42.A. Instead B. Otherwise C. MoreoverD. However43.A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D.instructions44.A. weight B. risks C. warningsD. burdens45.A. relationship B. influence C. gap D.extension46.A. refuse B. hesitate C. desireD. claim47.A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D.unique48.A. consider B. offer C. selectD. exercise49.A. efficient B. profitable C. humanD. responsible50.A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D.criticized for51.A. On the contrary B. In fact C. By contrastD. In a word52.A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D.appointment53.A. safety B. loyalty C. convenienceD. employment54.A. money B. choice C. habitD. voice55.A. dialogue B. debate C. competitionD. contract41-55 BCAAC DBCCD BCBDA2020闵行一模The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a(n) __41__ ways as a larger group. This influence can be negative or positive, and can exist in both large and small groups.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly __42__ that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, and the fear of __43__, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. This instinct drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” e ven if it is not necessarily true. There is a(n) __44__ aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that __45__ day - to - day interaction between people.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes a(n)__46__: in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to __47__ their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that __48__ criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometime feel __49__ to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to __50__ the peers.However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at__51__ may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of __52__ can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so __53__ that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with a(n) __54__ is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, and whether the real __55__ is simply that everyone else is doing the same thing.41. A. traditional B. similar C. peculiar D. opposite42. A. understandable B. believable C. acceptable D. surprising43. A. disapproval B. failure C. absence D. independence44. A. uncertain B. practical C. impossible D. vague45. A. promotes B. prevents C. simplifies D. increases46. A. challenge B. inspiration C. promise D. addiction47. A. recognize B. abandon C. decrease D. define48. A. avoid B. encourage C. decline D. punish49. A. pressured B. respected C. delighted D. regretted50. A. catch sight of B. stay away from C. make fun of D. keep up with51. A. competitions B. interaction C. academics D. adaptation52. A. knowledge B. interest C. assistance D. influence53. A. abstract B. ridiculous C. subtle D. reasonable54. A. consciousness B. motivation C. instinct D. encouragement55. A. motivation B. danger C. support D. achievement41-55 BDABC DBBAD CDCCA2020浦东一模The networked computer is an amazing device. It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of 41 (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). 42 , the computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.But for all the reasons there are to 43 the computer, we must also act with caution. This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active 44 —whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.All animals download, but only a few upload anything besides faces and their own bodies. Humans are 45 in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous( 过剩的 ) material goods (paintings, sculpture and architecture)。

2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--十一选十--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)

Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How do Cigarettes Affect the Body?Cigarettes aren’t good for us. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us? Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit (31) ______ when we finally give up smoking.Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the (32) ______ of infections as well as long-lasting diseases. It does this by damaging the tiny hair-like tissues which keep the airways clean. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen loss and (33) ______ of breath.Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, creating the (34) ______ sensations which make smoking highly addictive. Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette, at the same time, cause tightness of blood tubes, restricting blood flow. These effects on blood tubes lead to (35) ______ of blood tube walls, increasing the possibility of heart attacks and strokes.Many of the c hemicals inside cigarettes can activate dangerous (36) ______ in the body’s DNA that make cancers form. In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer. Smoking can cause cancer in mu ltiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and (37) ______ bones. It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause long-term damages of body functions.But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with al most (38) ______ and long-lasting physical benefits. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates (39) ______. Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing. After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety anddepression. But fortunately, such effects are usually (40) ______. Advice and support groups and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette-free. That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.Keys: 31-35 GCIAE 36-40 BKFJHSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.of its reports, the Asian Development Bank even stated that mobile data was a key to financial ___38___, as it could improve customer recording, and, in turn, get an access to credit.AI Combines with the Wisdom of the CrowdThe most common slogan in today’s tech headlines is the “artificial intelligence”. Readers are fascinated with how AI has the ___39___ to transform every consumer and enterprise (企业) industry. While such focus is appropriate that AI will ___40___ change the world, it leaves out a crucial element that will go hand-in-hand with its rise: the wisdom of the crowd.Keys: 31-35 BEGKA 36-40 JHCFDSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Criticism of the Fast FashionIn the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater was___31___ over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl probably found her clothes.This top-down concept of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or in conflict with the mad world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year accusation of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so,___32___ in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and predict demand more ___33___. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted stock, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to lastonly a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that—and to ___34___ their wardrobe( 衣橱) every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have controlled fashion cycles, shaking an industry long ___35___ to a seasonal pace.The ___36___ of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that ___37___ natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be imitated.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to ___38___ their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be made by customers. She exhibits the idealism ___39___ to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity( 虚荣心) is a constant; People will only start shopping more ___40___ when they can’t afford not to.Keys:31-35 HBGIA 36-40 KEFDJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar（月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) ___31___ moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing ___32___ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: TheSelling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that ___33___ the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only ____34____ a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It ____35____its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that ____36____.” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo ____37____, didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would ____38____ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the ____39____ itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.Come landing day, which ____40____ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” s ays David Meer-man Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”Keys: 31-35 HFBIC 36-40 KGEADSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Microplastic PollutionIn the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the 31 health risks they pose to humans.The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely 32 across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was 33 last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.Microplastics are not a 34 kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may 35 from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.Humans are known to 36 the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can 37 harmful microbes (微生物).Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎)and wound 38 in humans.“Microplastics are being found 39 everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our 40 on plastic.”Keys: 31-35 GAKHI 36-40 DECBFSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Time: is there ever enough of it? In today's modern world, most of us are ___31___ with so-called time-saving devices and technological advancements and work less both at the office and at home. But why do we still feel busier?A study by Derek Thompson on the “myth" of being busy suggests that while ___32___ brought us convenience, it also brought us new headaches. Consider the idea of FOMO (fear of missing out). Knowing exactly what we're missing out makes us feel guilty or anxious about the ___33___ of our time and our ability to use it effectively.While being informed is important, it can lead to anxiety about keeping up with the times. If you find yourself unable to stop scrolling through Twitter, turn off the phone and take a mental break. Practice JOMO (joy of missing out), a(n) ___34___ on life that's a direct contradiction to FOMO. Get rid of feelings of guilt and “shoulds" and replace them with mindfulness and living in the moment.Another thing technology has ___35___ us is the blurring(难以区分)between work and downtime. While constant connection has made the workday much more flexible, it's also harder to turn off at the end of the day. Always being "on" is a(n) ___36___ state of mind. Consider putting a hard stop on media and electronic devices an hour or two before bed.Of course, if you want to move up the corporate ladder and get a bigger paycheck, working long hours has long been a ___37___ strategy. But if you don't have passion for your job or care about what you do, you might just be working yourself into more ___38___.People working the same hours feel completely different levels of time pressure depending on their passion. If most of the hours are spent doing something you don't feel ___39___ about, it's no wonder you start to feel out of control and anxious about your time. Taking back control of your time can ease this mental stress. Therefore, your time management goal shouldn't be to figureout how to do more, but ___40___ to figure out how to want less.Keys: 31-35 JAEHG 36-40 KIBFCSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Flood-hit Venice’s shrinking population faces mounting problems Venetians(威尼斯人) are fed up with what they see as inadequate respon ses to the city’s mounting problems: record-breaking flooding, environmental and safety threats from cruise ship traffic and the burden on services from over-tourism.They feel largely left to their own devices, with ever-fewer Venetians living in the historic part of the city to ___31___ its interests and keep it from becoming mainly a tourist land.The historic flooding this week---marked by three floods over 1.5 meters (nearly 5 feet) and the highest in 53 years at 1.87 meters(6 feet, 1 inch)---has ___32___ calls to create an administration that recognizes the uniqueness of Venice, for both its concentration of treasures and its ___33___ vulnerability.Flood damage has been ___34___ estimated at hundreds of millions of Euros (dollars), but the true range will only become clear with time. The frustration goes far beyond the failure to complete and ___35___ 78 underwater barriers that were designed to prevent just the kind of damage that Venice has ___36___ this week. With the system not yet completed or even ___37___ tested after 16 years of work and 5 billion Euros ($5.5 billion) invested, many are suspicious it will even work.At the public level, proposals for better administering the city including ___38___ some level of autonomy(自制) to Venice, already enjoyed by some Italian regions like Trentino-Alto-Adige with its German-speaking minority, or offering tax ___39___ to encourage Venice’s repopulation.Just 53,000 people live in the historic part of the city that tourists know as Venice, down by a third from a generation ago and dropping by about 1,000 people a year. That means fewer people watching the neighborhood, monitoring for public maintenance ___40___ or neighbors in need. Many leave because of the increased expense or the daily difficulties in living in a city of canals, which can make even a simple errand a hard journey.Keys: 31-35 BEAKJ 36-40 GCHFISection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Founding Father of China’s Nuclear ProgramUnder the terms of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (不扩散核武器条约), only five countries are considered to be “nuclear-weapon states.” China is one of them. This military achievement would have been ___31___ without the contribution of Deng Jiaxian, a leading organizer of China’s nuclear weapon programs.Deng went to the United States in 1948 for further study, and received a doctorate in physics two years later. Just nine days after graduation, the then 26-year-old returned to the newly-founded People’s Republic of China with ___32___ physics knowledge. He became a research fellow under the leadership of Qian Sanqiang and started his theoretical nuclear research in cooperation with Yu Min.From1958 on, Deng spent over 20 years working ___33___ with a team of young scientists on the development of China’s first atomic and hydrogen bombs. Originally, they were prepared to receive training by experts from the Soviet Union. Soon after, however, the Soviet government tore up its ___34___ with China and removed all its experts. Deng had to lead the team of 28 members with an average age of 23 on a mission to ___35___ the mysterious power of atomicphysics.There was ridicule (嘲笑) following the ___36___ of the Soviet experts that China wouldn’t be able to build an atomic bomb within 20 years. Deng said to his colleagues, “It is in the interest of the Chinese people to develop nuclear weapons. We must be willing to be unknown heroes for our lifetime. It is worth the risk of suffering, and it is worth our ___37___ to this cause.”As the leader of China’s atomic bomb design, Deng gave lessons himself and organized a team to translate and study the ___38___ foreign language materials. In the meantime, he never stopped thinking about the direction of atomic bomb development.Following the successful test of the first atomic bomb in 1964, Deng joined the research group led by Yu Min. They immediately started the design of the hydrogen bomb, which was ___39___ in 1967. From the first atomic bomb to the first hydrogen bomb, China spent only two years and eight months on development.Deng passed away in 1986 because of cancer. In the last month of his life, the 28-year secret experience of this great scientist was ___40___, and his reputation began to spread throughout China. In 1999, along with 22 other scientists, he was awarded the special prize of “Two Bombs, One Satellite Meritorious Medal” for his contribution to Chinese military s cience.Keys: 31-35 KFACG 36-40 IEBDHSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stephen Hawking:The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking wasdefinitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes ___31___ how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking ___32___ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole ___33___ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) ___34___ problem in the way physicists understand our world--a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) ___35___ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public ___36___ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences，the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great ___37___ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, ___38___ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost（瘫痪的）.It look an enormous ___39___ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his ___40___ challenges.Keys: 31-35 DFAJC 36-40 HIBGESection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Autism Spectrum DisorderAutism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, affects how people communicate with and relate to others. Most people with autism don’t understand some of the basic social ___31___ that others take for granted. They might have trouble making eye contact, holding a conversation, or recognizing gestures. And over one-third of people with ASD are nonverbal, meaning they don’t use speech. Along with communication ___32___, people with autism often like to follow certain patterns or __33__ behaviors. Many are sensitive to bright light or loud noises, and others have physical problems, like trouble walking or picking up small objects. Some have ___34___ disabilities, but about half have average or above ave rage IQs. It’s also common for people with autism to have a great long-term memory for certain details, and many excel in math, science, music, or art.With such a wide variety of symptoms, no two people with ASD are alike. The behaviors vary so much that they used to be ___35___ as different disorders. One was Asperger Syndrome, where people obsess over particular topics, ___36___nonverbal social cues, and may not understand appropriate social behaviors.Even though there’s no cure for ASD, therapy and medication can help people adjust. Scientists are also doing clinical ___37___ to find other solutions. They’ve learned that 1 out of every 68 children in the US has the disorder, but they still aren’t sure what causes it. No matter why it happens, ASD is being ___38___ at a higher rate every year. This doesn’t mean it’s becoming more common. It just means more people are aware of the condition and getting professional help early, and awareness is ___39___. The more we learn about autism, the more we can understand and relate to those who have it.It’s important to note that people with ASD deserve the same respect, fairness and chances that people without ASD receive. This will help people with ASD ___40___ and grow in our communities.Keys: 31-35 B G J F C 36-40 I K E D ASection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedIs it possible to make paper without trees? Australian businessmen Kevin Garcia and Jon Tse spent a year researching a possible ___31___ that could serve as a possible raw material for making paper. Then Garcia read about a Taiwanese company making commercial paper out of stone and a(n) ___32___ struck.A year later, in July 2017, they launched Karst Stone Paper. The company produces paper without using wood or water. Their source is stone waste ___33___ from construction sites and other industrial waste dumps.“If you look at the whole process of how paper is traditionally made, it ___34___ chopping trees, adding chemicals, using lots of water and then ___35___, drying and flattening it into sheets of paper,”said Garcia. “It contributes to high carbon emission and deforestation?”In 2019, Garcia estimates Karst’s paper production has helped save 540 large timber trees (成材木) from being deforested, 83,100 liters (21,953 gallons) of water from being used and 25,500 kilograms (56,218 pounds) of carbon dioxide from being ___36___.“We collect disposed limestone (石灰石) from wherever we can find it, wash it, and grind it into fine powder,” he said. The powder is mixed with a HDPE resin (高密度聚乙烯树脂), which ___37___ over time from sunlight, leaving only calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) behind.The paper can be as thin as notebook paper or as thick as a cardboard paper and is waterproof, ___38___ and difficult to tear. The notebooks cost $ 10 to $25. Karst's products are mainly sold through the company's website, but are also stocked in 100 stores, ___39___ throughout Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom. “Over 70% of the customers arc US-based?” he said.They hope to have the notebooks in 1,000 stores by the end of the year. Garcia said they are now thinking about ___40___ investors for the first time in order to scale tip their operations. They declined to reveal how much the company makes or their annual revenue.Keys: 31-35 DGJHI 36-40 KCFEASection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Bottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorful rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have ___31___ a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the ocean has an interesting past. An early ___32___ use for the practice was revealed when the oldest recorded message in a bottle was found by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.Tonya was on a family outing when she noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and thought it would make a nice ___33___. While she was cleaning the sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a ___34___ fell out. The damp page was a message written in German and dated June 12, 1886. According to official documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula, a crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n) ___35___ 950 km off the coast of Western Australia. Further research authenticated（验证）the letter, which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is the oldest message in a bottle ever ___36___.Historians confirm that thousands of similar bottles were cast overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933. And ___37___ inside were official documents written by the captain of the ship, ___38___ routes, coordinates, and other information. These early messages in a bottle were an attempt by the German Naval Observatory to map ocean ___39___ around the world.On the back of the notes were ___40___ to write the time and place the bottles were found and return them to the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the nearest German authorities. Using this information for reference was an early system of studying patterns in nature and thevast ocean in particular.Keys: 31-35 HEKAI 36-40 GBDFJSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.In between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution levels in Delhi, there’s one more option for you —a bar that has “pure air”. Delhi’s first-ever oxygen bar —named “Oxy Pure” —offers 15 minutes of 80-90 percent pure oxygen starting from Rs 299.The bar, ___31___ in May, also offers its customers several aromas（香味）to choose from that can be filled with oxygen. The aromas include lemongrass, cherry, mango and more.Customers are given a lightweight tube, used for supplementary oxygen ___32___. The device is placed near the customer’s nose through which they are advised to breathe in the aroma-filled oxygen.According to the aroma you choose, each session ___33___ to improve one’s sleep patterns and digestion, cure headaches and even claims to work as a remedy for ___34___.“I was passing by and saw that they were offering pure oxygen. I thought I would give it a try and went for the lemongrass flavour. It was ___35___,” Manjul Mehta, a customer at Oxy Pure told Delhi Daily.Speaking to Delhi Daily, Bonny Irengbam, senior sales assistant at the bar, said customers were ___36___ positively after a few sessions.“Some people, who try it for the first time, will feel relaxed and fresh. But only people who undergo the sessions regularly will get real ___37___ of the aroma,” he added. “Though we have regular customers, we don’t encourage back-to-back sessions, as ___38___ levels of oxygen in the body can make a person dizzy. It is ___39___ to do it once or twice a month or to stick with the10-15 minute sessions a day,” he said.Dr. Rajesh Chawla, a senior consultant in medicine said that though such sessions do not have any side-effects, it does not help in the long run either. “Even if you breathe in the so-called pure oxygen for two hours in a day, you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22 hours”, he said. He added that the concept is purely a(n) ___40___ move.Keys: 31-35 F H C K B 36-40 J A E I DSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Simba, everyone’s favorite baby lion, returns to movie theaters July 19th (in the U.S.). This time around, though, he will be much more ___31___ through the magic of CGL (电脑合成影像). The much-loved classic, The Lion King, will open for the 25th anniversary of the ___32___ movie.The 1994 film proved to be one of Hollywood’s best-loved vivid movies! It made almost US$970 million worldwide. The film went on to win numerous awards for its music and its later stage shows. Simba’s story opened on Broadway in 1997, followed by theatrical ___33___ around the world. Today, audiences on six continents have seen The Lion King ___34___ on stage. Now, more than 20 years later, it is still one of Broadway’s most popular shows.Great ___35___ is building for the new movie. Disney released its first official video clip during Thanksgiving Day football games last year. The trailer (预告片) was viewed more than 224 million times in the first 24 hours!The trailer was received very positively, especially because of its realism. Some fans, though, noticed that the clip of the new film was ___36___ the same as in the 1994 opening scene. One Disney executive quickly gave some ___37___. He said the movie kept the best of the original,。

2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—六选四(含答案)(精校版)

2020年上海各区高三英语一模汇编—六选四（含答案）（精校版）One【虹口区】Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Is Multitasking Always Good?Not only do smartphones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and lawmakers have stepped in. (67)________ In Honolulu, it's illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands they've banned texting while biking.(68)________ You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help you realize the danger of pulling out your phone.Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things— for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a hand-held phone while still allowing hands-free calls. Yet hands-free or hand-held makes no difference. (69)________ The real problem is the switch of attention between the conversation and the road, and that affects performance.People sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase their following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities.A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studyingthink that they can still comprehend the material they're studying.People don't multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. (70)_________ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least, be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others They need to pay attention to how much— or how little—they are paying attention.【答案】67C, 68A, 69E, 70B【解析】67.空格前后两句都是在讲开车时用手机的事情，所以选择C选项，在这里用手机是被禁止的68. 从空格后面说你需要自我管理来看，前面是在说法律有些东西是管不了的69. E选项中的代词they代指前面的hands-free or hand-held70. 前面说人们看到这件事情的好处，所以空格这里应该介绍具体的好处，所以是BTwo【黄浦区】Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Sustainable Transport in CitiesTransport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to blooming market towns. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?Many local governments are speeding up change through policy initiatives such as joined transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable gaining and lifecycle costing, and opening data upto companies and academics. And these city level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. ___67___ This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for the environment.The least dense cities, for example, Houston, have per capita(人均的) carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. ___68___ This involves gathering mixed use developments around a key transport center, as with the KL Central area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.___69___ Others are using motivations and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient―and often healthier―forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hour.Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. ___70___ The main options are hydrogen fuel cells, fossil fuel hybrids, and electric vehicles, and the best solution may well vary from city to city.【答案】67D, 68E, 69F, 70B【解析】67.抓住空格后This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline中的that deadline，选入的选项中应该有表示最后期限的信息。

2020届上海高三英语一模汇编--语法填空

2020届长宁金山区高三英语一模试卷A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet(兽医)almost five decades ago.As an enthusiastic animal lover,I accepted the position on the condition(21)______I wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals.I didn’t have the courage(22)______(watch)any creature in pain.At the end of my first week,we were closing the office for the day(23)______a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy(杜宾幼犬)in his arms and begging us to save his life.The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room.The only place(24)______the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder.The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours,(25)______(sew)him back together again.That was the easy part.The puppy had broken multiple bones,including his back.(26)____________he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life.I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical.One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy.Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast-forward about a year.I walked into the clinic’s(27)______(crowd)waiting room and called the name of the next client.Suddenly,a huge Doberman ran toward me.I found(28) ______pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs,his front paws (爪子)on my shoulders,washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement(29)______the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago.I went on to be a vet technician for14years,and since retirement,I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter.In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had,I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it(30)______(rescue)in one way or another.宝山区2019学年第一学期期末This weekend many families in America will celebrate Mother’s Day.The event dates back to May9,1914,(21)_____America’s President Wilson established the official holiday.Some people had begun campaigning for the holiday a few years(22)_____(early).Finally in1914,the president made it official.He declared that each second Sunday in May(23)_____(dedicate)to thanking the nation’s mothers.He also ordered all government buildings(24)_____(display)the national flag on that day.According to President Wilson,this was done“as a public expression of... love...for the mothers of our country”.Before long,people in other countries(25)_____(begin)asking for a similar holiday to celebrate their mothers.Mexico celebrated its first official Mother’s Day on May10,1922.May 10th became their annual holiday because the country preferred a fixed date to(26)_____that changed.Other countries are happy to share the day with the United States.Some on the list include Australia,Belgium,Canada,Denmark,Finland,Italy,Japan and Turkey.Oddly enough,the U.S.Congress rejected a Mother’s Day resolution at first.Today,though,Mother’s Day is a highly popular holiday.It’s also very successful commercially.Along with giving cards,candy and flowers,(27)_____(take)moms out for brunch is a very popular gesture. America’s National Restaurant Association says Mother’s Day is the year’s most popular day for eating out.But why do we honor our mothers?Many moms lovingly dedicate their lives to their children. Moms sacrifice time,sleep and often their own dreams.Moms try to provide a strong foundation (28)__________children can build their lives.With(29)_____(love)care,mothers guide their children toward adulthood.When we consider everything our mothers have done for us,how can we not honor them? There’s no need to wait for a national holiday,though.Every day is a great opportunity to tell our mothers(30)_____they mean to us.崇明区2020届第一次英语高考模拟考试试卷A14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s Patients(老年痴呆症患者)For many teenagers,their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends.Not so for Emma Yang.Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only14,she(21)_____ (create)her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app,which Yang spent two years(22)_____(develop),comes with several important features.It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)_____helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are.It also allows photos(24)_____(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book,which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of12,when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)_____she lived and Yang’s birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay(26)_____(connect) with her family,”Yang said.It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)_____venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously.Yang started a crowdfunding campaign in March last year to support her Timeless app project.That effort raised more than US$10,000.At present,Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne,Germany.The chief technology officer of Kairos,the AI company (28)_____technology is used in the Timeless app,is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young,ambitious people to believe in(29)_____because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders.“Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action,”she said.“(30)_______________you get out there and put yourself out there,tell people about your idea and find out who’s on board and can get behind it,you’ll eventually find that team of people.”虹口区2019学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试Innovations that will change the classroomsAmerican schools are going high-tech.Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning,like chalkboards,pens,notebooks—even classrooms(21)______—are quickly becoming outdated.As this week marks The Huffington Post’s10th anniversary,we’lltake a look at some products that(22)______(introduce)to classrooms in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years(23)______(come).1.Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days,thanks to technology.Rather than giving kids the day off(24)______weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting,these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids(25)______(hope)for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning,online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers.Some students with medical conditions(26)______“go”to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabledwith video chat that they can control remotely.2.eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original“techbooks”for six years.These“techbooks”can also be switched to Spanish or French,Kinney said,(27)______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.cational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options.GlassLabcreates educational games that are now being used in more than6,000classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’progress as well as suggestions on(28)______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks.They’re often distracting,(29) ______most developments have exciting implications for the future.Over the last10years, technological innovations have made education more interactive,immediate and(30)______ (personalize),—and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms. 2019学年度嘉定区高三年级第一次质量调研This is where my kids grew upFor years now,I’ve been wanting to sell our home,the place where my husband and I raised our kids.But to me,this house is more than just a building.In the front room,there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines.Every growth stage(21)__________(mark)in pencils,with each child’s name and the date.Of all the objects and all the memories,it’s this one thing in a home that’s(22)__________(hard)to leave behind.Our kids grow in so many ways,but thewall is physical evidence of their progress.Friends I know have visited theirprevious home only(23)__________(discover)their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. Over the years,I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, (24)____________the last marks were made10years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day,while I was at work,my children decided to do(25)__________about it.They hired Jacquie Manning,a professional photographer(26)__________work is about capturing the beautiful things in life.She came to our house while I was at work,and over several hours,(27)__________(take)photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines,little grey fingerprints, and old marks.Somehow,she managed to photograph(28)__________we had experienced in all those years.Afterwards,she put all the photos together into one image,(29)__________(transform) them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later,my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—(30)__________ life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.黄浦区2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试Asleep on a plane:a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes,and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions(21)__________I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing,not having realized we had even left the ground.So when (22)__________(book)my flights,I always choose the window seat whenever possible.This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit(23)__________(much) comfort.Some(24)__________argue that the aisle(走廊)seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart.But in reality,we’re all getting our drinks and snacks(25)__________seconds.Also,I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat,he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he(26)__________(not need)to disturb his neighbor,which is just considerate.And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t(27)__________(bother)more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person,the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds,or a great sunset,or golden sunrise,etc.Most of all,(28)____________________ I’ve been flying for years,I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country(29) __________(shrink)into the distance,and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view.And those feelings of adventure and excitement are(30) __________keep me coming back,flight after flight,to my window seat.青浦区2019学年第一学期高三英语期终学业质量调研试卷Mako sharks get new protectionsAt the global wildlife trade meeting in Geneva,countries have decided to protect the endangered mako shark from trade.GENEVA made the proposal(21)______more protections should be taken for both shortfin and longfin mako sharks and was adopted today after a102-40 vote at the global wildlife trade summit.The vote still needs to be finalized at the full meeting atthe end,when all appendix(附录)change proposals passed in committee are officially adopted.The proposal,debated at this year’s CITES Conference,lists mako sharks under Appendix II,meaning that they can’t be traded(22)______it can be shown that fishing wouldn’t threaten their chances for survival.Conservationists say this was the world’s last chance to prevent mako shark populations from collapsing.(23)______(list)mako sharks on CITES Appendix II is great news for shark conservation. More than50of the183CITES members signed on as supporters of the proposal brought forth by Mexico.Nonetheless,conservationists feared that opposition from a few countries with fairly large mako fishing industries—primarily the United States,Canada,and Japan—(24)______tip the scale.Japan opposed the measure during the debates,and the United States announced afterward it(25)______(vote)no.In the past,the U.S.and others have supported listing other shark species under CITES,but not so in this case,(26)______commercial interests.For a lot of these countries,they were happy to list shark species when it was ones they weren’t so heavily involved in fishing. Suddenly,when they’re being asked to be responsible,rather than asking other people to be responsible,they’re(27)______(little)keen to take it on board.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature,which determines the conservation status of species claims that both species of mako sharks to be endangered,saying an(28)______ (estimate)50to79percent population decline over three generations,or about75years.They(29) ______(target)for their fins(鳍),used in shark fin soup—a dish in Asian countries,that’s often served at weddings as a sign of respect for guests.Their meat is more edible compared to(30) ______of other sharks,which is often acidic and is usually sold as a byproduct of the fin trade for “pennies on the dollar”.浦东新区2019学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测A New Hero is Here to Save the DayIt’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power,he or she must endure loneliness and suffering as a result.The Flash(闪电侠),however,makes a fun,lightning-quick and optimistic superhero.After the wild success of TV series Arrow,a TV network launched The Flash,(21)______________(show)the image of this Superhero,who was only a supporting character in Arrow.Like Spiderman,who gained the ability to make webs and climb walls after he (22)______________(bite)by a spider,Barry Allen in The Flash was shocked into superhero-status by accident.A strike from a lightning put Allen into a nine-month unconscious state,and when he emerged,he found himself(23)______________(equip)with super speed.Naturally,Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash,a hero(24)______________ extreme speed to fight super-powered bad guys.But the Flash also has other purposes,namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.In line with superhero series standards,The Flash features action and eye-popping special effects.There’s nothing terribly innovative here,but(25)_______________we do get is a unique superhero with a more unusual personality.(26)____________________________Allen has gone through unpleasant childhood experience,in this show he grows into a superhero(27) ______________powers include optimism.He’s got a group of scientists that not only save his life,but also provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary(28)______________(fight) crime.A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as a bad character,who uses a gun that(29)______________turn anything into shows began their entrance into the Chinese market with Friends,but Prison Break pushed interest in US TV series to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting.Now Miller’s back to act in The Flash.(30)______________is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Break fans to revisit their old favorite,although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).松江区2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷Climbing the world’s highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu’s mind as a25-year-old in1974,when he played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai.But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey,Xia put in an application so that he(21)_________at least get a free health check-up.After just a few months of training,Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848-metre mountain in January1975.However,Xia suffered such severe frostbite(冻伤)after lending a teammate his sleeping bag(22)_________he later lost both of his feet.Three years later,a foreign expert(23)_________(invite)to assess Xia’s condition concluded that with artificial legs,Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains.It made him determined to challenge(24)_________to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule,(25)_________(wake)at5a.m.to train for five or six hours.Unfortunately,Xia suffered another major setback in1996,when he(26)_________ (diagnose)with lymphoma(淋巴瘤).He had to undergo another round of amputation(截肢), losing part of his legs.It was not until2014that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world’s highest mountain.Sadly,his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp,only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped,following an avalanche(雪崩)(27)_________had killed16people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double-amputee climbers on Qomolongma in December2017,but it didn’t last long after a protest(28)_________a disabled support group. That allowed Xia,at the age of69,(29)_________(climb)to the top on May14,2018.The feeling,however,was not(30)_________he had imagined it would be.“I had thought when I finally reached the summit,I would shout it to the world.I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived,I just felt calm,”Xia said.2019学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷Once upon a time...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers.At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure—a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard.(21)_________(inspire),the brothers began collecting their own stories,listening to the folktales people told them.Soon they produced their own treasure—a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations(22)________(come).The brothers Grimm,Jacob and Wilhelm,named their story collection Children’s and Household Tales and published it in Germany in1812.The collection(23)________(translate) into more than160languages up to now.The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media:theatre,opera,comic books,movies,paintings,rock music,advertising andfashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms.During their lifetimes the collection (24)________(sell)few copies in Germany.The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations,and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales(25) __________.Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time(26)__________Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon.The new rulers restricted local culture.As young scholars,the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27)_______the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales,Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of1857.In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents,he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles.To this day,parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories:keep your promises,don’t talk to strangers,work hard,obey your parents.Yet(28)_______all Wilhelm’s additions,the most important part of these stories was left untouched.The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories’bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity?Some have suggested that it is(29)_______the characters are always striving for happiness.But the truth probably lies in their origin.Grimms’tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries(界限)of age or culture.The brothers’skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30)_______moods or interests we bring to our reading of them.And so it was that the Grimms’fairy tales lived happily ever after.杨浦区2019学年度第一学期高三模拟质量调研Killer RabbitsYou’d never think of rabbits as dreadful,destructive creatures,would you?Rabbits are cute and loveable.However,Australians discovered(21)________harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in1788as food animals.By1827,they were running around large estates,and in1859,disaster struck.A man released12wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he(22)________have thought that was harmless fun.But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23)________(adapt)to killing rabbits and none of the diseases that kept their populations(24)________control in Europe.The loose rabbits bred like,well,rabbits,and began to take over the countryside.Within a few decades,there were millions.By1950,there were600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm.They caused more damage than any other species introduced to the continent.They ate native plant species(25)________they disappeared.They competed for food and shelter with native animals.They caused the extinction or endangerment of numerous plant and animal species.And they were a nightmare for cattle and sheep farmers,(26)_________animals couldn't get enough grass to eat and starved.The rabbits did some good,of course.They provided food for poor families.They supported fur industries.But their impact on the environment and major livestock economy was too negative (27)________(ignore).People tried trapping them.They even built a huge wall against them.But(28)________(effective)weapon was a virus.(29)_________(test)multiple times,the deadly myxoma virus was released on Australia's rabbits in1950.The virus had been developed very carefully to affect only rabbits.Nearly100 percent of the rabbits who caught the disease(30)________(die).Populations fell.It was a huge success.Cattle and sheep farming recovered gradually,and threatened plants were better protected. Eventually,rabbits became resistant to the virus.。

2022上海市高考英语一模强化练习(23)

2022上海市高考英语一模强化练习（23）2020届（2020学年）上海市高三英语一模——完形填空1（长宁）All over the world, people admire the beauty and grace of butterflies. Butterflies come in every color imaginable, and their 50 display an incredible variety of patterns. The largest butterfly, Queen Alexandra’s Birdwing, has a wingspan (翼展) of up to 280 millimeters and lives in Papua New Guinea. The smallest, the Western Pygmy Blue in the southern U.S., has a wingspan of only 12 millimeters. Sadly, some of these beautiful creatures are now 51 .Estimates indicate that between 15 and 20 thousand species of butterflies exist around the world. A number of these species are endangered, over 20 in Japan 52 . Although that number may seem small, losing even one species would be 53 . Nowadays scientists even look to butterflies as a 54 of the environment’s health, since they are 55 to environmental changes. Many environmentalists around the world are eager to protect the endangered butterflies from extinction. The American Museum of Natural History in New York, for example, has an unusual butterfly exhibit. This exhibit 56 the important role that butterflies play in our environment.In recent years, environmental groups have made significant progress in 57 endangered butterfly populations. Governments throughout Asia have passed laws to help protect endangered wildlife, including butterflies. An area called Butterfly Valley in Assam, India, has become the focus of conscious 58 to protect the butterflies’ habitat(栖息地). Other projects in Serbia, Japan, and Canada are also hoping to 59 . Some of these efforts are already starting to work. The population of the El Segundo Blue Butterfly in California, for instance, has increased by 8 percent since 2010.Finding a cure for the butterfly crisis is, 60 , not just for environmental groups. 61 citizens can plant butterfly gardens to support and enjoy these gentle creatures. A group of female prisoners in Belfair, Washington, are helping to rescue an endangered species called Taylor’s Checkerspot. They recognize how 62 seemingly insignificant creatures can be. The world cannot afford to lose any butterflies. As environmentalist John Muir once 63 , “Whenwe try to pick out anything by itself, we find it 64 to everyth ing else in the Universe.”50. A. colors B. bodies C. wings D. feelers51. A. out of control B. in great danger C. on the fly D. out of date52 A. nearby B. though C. besides D. alone53. A. predictable B. possible C. imaginable D. terrible54. A. factor B. picture C. measure D. display55. A. exposed B. accustomed C. sensitive D. resistant56. A. highlights B. changes C. replaces D. finds57. A. preserving B. controlling C. observing D. recognizing58. A. projects B. efforts C. steps D. groups59. A. set an example B. keep the promise C. make a difference D. take the time60. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. therefore61. A. Distinguished B. Leading C. Senior D. Ordinary62 A. graceful B. significant C. pitiful D. mysterious63. A. proposed B. commented C. promised D. recommended64. A. restricted B. adapted C. contributed D. tied50~54 CBDDC 55~59 CAABC 60~64 ADBBD2020届（2020学年）上海市高三英语一模——完形填空2（闸北）In today's American society, background checks have become a routine part of hiring process. employers use them to __50__ potential workers, judging whether they are qualified for the posts. Through background checks, employers can also make sure that the information applicants provide is truthful, which __51__ the applicants' moral quality.Then what do background checks investigate? Many include a review of the employee's employment history trying to confirm whether the employee has ever been fired or forced to __52__ . Employers also pay attention to the length of unemployment, afraid that long-time__53__ from work may bring negative influence to the employee's performance. Sometimes, an applicant's residential history is also an issue. Jobs With state or local governments often require that the employee live in certain areas, reducing the chances for them to have contact with __54__ people. Besides living near the work place is always welcome as it saves time and fares on __55__ . Another item which can't be neglected is the applicant's criminal history as in whether he has ever been arrested or put into prison. Although __56__ like traffic ticketing or queue jumping are usually pardoned, breaking a criminal law is rarely __57__ and, in most cases, is sure to result in the ending of the employment. Then comes the social history. A background check that involves the applicant's social history is __58__ needed for government posts or employment in finance and law industries that require greater self __59__ . A small mistake in these posts may result in huge loss. The investigation usually checks drug use, family relationships and social contacts, in order to __60__ hiring someone unsuitable for the posts. Background investigators who __61__ social history may interview neighbors and professional references __62__ by the applicant.Finally in the field Of education background, an application form may ask for copies of licenses or University diplomas to show the applicant's __63__ performances. In many instances, an education background check is so __64__ about details that investigators even confirm the date on which the employee earned his degree to determine if it agrees With the information the employee provided On his application.50. A.qualify B.assess C.treat D.reward51. A.practises B. supplies C.destroys D.suggests52. A.cheat B.apply C.resign plain53. A.absence B review C.independence D.silence54. A.bad-tempered B.ill-intentioned C.cold-blooded D.old-fashioned55. A.housing B. facilities munication D.transportation56. A.minor offences B.serious faultsC.personal experiencesD.public inconveniencesbothered B.spared C.paid rmed58. A.temporarily B.generally C.fortunately D.graduallysatisfaction B.confidence C.discipline D.awareness60. A.explain B.discuss C.permit D.avoid61. A.look after B.look on C.look into D.look in62. A.recognized B.examined C.ordered pared63financial B.academic C.religious D.official64. A.careless B.curious C.realistic D.particular50〜54 BDCAB 55〜59 DABBC 60〜64 DCABD2020届（2020学年）上海市高三英语一模——完形填空3（杨浦）A new research suggests that animals have a much higher level of brainpower than once thought. If animals do have intelligence, how do scientists measure it? Before defining animals’ intelligence, scientists defined what is not intelligence. Instinct is not intelligence. It is a skill __50__ into an animal’s brain by its genetic heritage (基因遗传). Tricks can be learned by repetition, but no real thinking is __51__. Cuing, in which animals learn to do or not to do certain things by following outside signals, does not demonstrate intelligence. Scientists believe that insight, the ability to use tools, and communication using human language are all __52__ measures of the mental ability of animals.When judging animal intelligence, scientists look for insight, which they define as a flash of sudden understanding. When a young gorilla (大猩猩) could not reach fruit from a tree, she noticed crates (木板箱) on the lawn near the tree. She __53__ the crates into a pyramid, then climbed on t hem to reach her __54__. The gorilla’s insight allowed her to solve a new problem without trial and error.The ability to use tools is also an important sign of intelligence. Crows (乌鸦) use sticks to pry (撬开) peanuts out of cracks. The crow __55__ intelligence by showing it has learned what a stick can do. __56__ , otter (水獭) use rocks to crack open crab shells in order to get at the meat.Many animals have learned to communicate using human language. One chimp can recognize and correctly use more than 250 __57__ symbols on a keyboard. These symbols __58__ human words. An amazing parrot can __59__ five objects of two different types. He can understand the difference between the number, color, and kind of object. The ability to __60__ is a basic thinking skill. In addition, he seems to use language to express his needs and __61__.When ill and taken to the animal hospital for his first overnight stay, this parrot turned to go. “Come here!” he cried to a scientist who works with him. “I love you. I’m sorry. Wanna go back?”The research on animal intelligence raises important questions. If animals are smarter than __62__ thought, would that change the way humans interact with them? Would animals still be used for food, clothing, or __63__ experimentation? Finding the answer to these tough questions makes a difficult __64__ even for a large-brained, problem-solving species like our own.50. A. developed B. admitted C. programmed D. injected51. A. inherited me B. involved C. instructed D. intended52. A. realistic B. unusual C. accurate D. effective53. A. piled B. assembled C. supported D. divided54. A. potential B. reward C. standard D. top55. A. explores B. expands C. explains D. exhibits piracy56. A. Likewise B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise57. A. magical B. flexible C. abstract D. permanent58. A. substitute for B. stand for C. appeal to D. carry out59. A. foresee B. determine C. combine D. distinguish60. A. classify B. justify C. qualify D. simplify61. A. satisfaction B. emotions C. gratitude D. beliefs62. A. objectively B. professionally C. previously D. scientifically63. A. electrical B. physical C. medical D. logical64. A. decision B. translation C. choice D. puzzle50~54 CBDAB 55~59 DACBD 60~64 ABCCD。

2020届上海高考一模英语语法填空汇编含答案

2020届上海⾼考⼀模英语语法填空汇编含答案上海⾼考英语题型训练: 语法填空2019-2020学年⾼三第⼀学期期末质量抽查（2020 年⼀模）Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.松江Climbing the world ’s highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu’s mind as a -2y5ear-old in 1974, when the played for the provincial soccer teamin Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it waslooking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) ________ at least get a free health check - up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers startedclimbing the 8,848 - metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered suchsevere frostbite（冻伤）after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) ________ her later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ________ (invite) to assessXia ’scondition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again andeven climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) ________ to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) ________ (wake) at 5 a.m. totrain for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) ________ (diagnose) with lymphoma（淋巴瘤）. He had to undergo another round of amputation（截肢）, losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world ’s highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche（雪崩）(27) ________ had killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double - amputee climbers on Qomolongma in December 2017, but it didn ’t a l f a t e s t r l a o n p g r o t e s t(28) ________a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) ________ (climb) tothe top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) ________ he hadimagined it would be. “I had thought when I finally r e a e c s h u e m d m t h i t,I wouldshout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, I just felt clam. ”Xia said.黄浦Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them.There have even been one or two occasions (21) ________ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon theimpact of landing, not having realized we had evenleft the ground. So when (22) ________ (book) my flights, I always choose the1/ 3window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against thewall of the plane for a bit (23) ________ (much) comfort.Some (24)________ argue that the ais（l e⾛廊）seat is superior for the leg spaceand the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we ’re our drinks and snacks (25) ________ seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows hein a window seat, he ’ll choosethtoe u b s a e t h r o o m before boarding so that he (26)________ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he ’the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn(27) ________ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me thebest views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28)________ ________ I ’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing mydeparting city or country (29) ________ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterfliesin my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And thosefeelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ________ keep me coming back , flightafter flight, to my window seat.崇明A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer ’⽼s年p痴ati呆en症ts患( 者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork andspending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girlis only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer ’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comeswith several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facialrecognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer ’s patients identify peoplein photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group) byindividuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user totap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer ’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother startedforgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create somethintog help people like my grandmother stay(26)________(connect) with her family, ”Yang said. It was a task she waswell- prepared to undertake, (27)________venture capitalists didn ’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer inCalifornia and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer ofKairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, isnow Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________becausethe teenagers of today will be tomorrow ’T e s c h l e n a o d l o e g r s y.has“been able to makekids put their ideas into action，’’she said “_(_3_0_)____ ________ _______yonget out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who2/ 3上海⾼考英语训练考备on board and can get behind ，i t you’ll eventually find that team of people. ”宝⼭This weekend many families in America will celebrate Mother ’s Day. The event dates back to May 9, 1914,(21)_______America ’s President Wilson established the official holiday. Some people had begun campaigning for the holiday a few years (22)______(early). Finally in 1914, the president made it official. He declared that eachsecond Sunday in May (23) _______ (dedicate) to thanking the nation ’s mothers. Healso ordered all government buildings (24)_______(display) the national flag on thatday. According to President Wilson, this was done “as a public expressionof ?love ?for the mothers of our country. ”Before long, people in other countries (25)_______(begin) asking for a similarholiday to celebrate their mothers. Mexico celebraet d its first official Mother ’s Day on May 10, 1922. May 10th became their annual holiday because the country preferred afixed date to (26)_______that changed.Other countries are happy to share the day with the United States. Some on thelist include Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Japan and Turkey.Oddly enough, the U.S. Congress rejected a Mother ’s Day resolution at first. Today, though, Mother ’s Day is a highly popular holiday. It ’s also very successful commercially. Along with giving cards, candy and flowers, (27)_______(take) momsout for brunch is a very popular gesture. America ’s National Restaurant Association says Mother ’s Day is the year ’s most popular day for eating out.But why do we honor our mothers? Many moms lovingly dedicate their lives totheir children. Moms sacrifice time, sleep and often their own dreams. Moms try toprovide a strong foundation (28)_______children can build their lives. With (29)_______(love) care, mothers guide their children toward adulthood.When we consider everything our mothers have done for us, how can we not honor them? There ’s no need to wait for a national holiday, though. Every day is a great opportunity to tell our mothers (30)_______they mean to us.答案：松江21. could 22. that 23. invited 24. himself 25. waking 26.was diagnosed 27. that / which 28. from 29. to climb 30. how / what黄浦21. when/ where 22. booking 23. more 24. may/do 25. within/in26. won ’t need27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink/ shrni king 30. what崇明21. has created 22. developing 23. that 24. to be grouped25.where26. connected 27. but 28. whose 29. themselves 30. As long as宝⼭21. when 22. earlier 23. would be dedicated 24. to display 25. began26. one 27. taking 28. on which/ so that 29. loving 30. what3/ 3。

完型填空---2020年上海高考英语一模专题

2020宝山一模Monaco Grand PrixThe air is fresh with the heat of early summer as you arrive in the beautiful country of Monaco on the day of the race. Your ___41____ to the Monte-Carlo neighborhood is bursting with color as classic styles of European architecture catch your eye. When you reach the race course area, you are led to the harbor where you will watch the race from the____ 42____ of a friend’s yacht (游艇）.Soon, the Formula One cars will pull onto the starting point and the race will begin.Each of the cars in the Monaco Grand Prix is ____43____, but all of them are fast and modern. The race course also ____44____ as being complex and difficult, with a frightening hairpin (发夹）turn along a very narrow street. ____45____ these streets at speeds over 150 kilometers per hour, drivers must take over. Even the slightest _____46____ could turn a multi-million dollar car into a pile of waste. The driver who claims first place receives an award and will go down ____47____ as one of the world’s finest driv ers.Indianapolis 500On race day the grandstands (大看台）are filled with excitement as you enter the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. You find your seat, ____48____ yourself against the harsh heat and marvel at the huge black oval (椭圆形的）track below. Moments later, a fleet of Indy Cars rolls onto the track, ____49____ themselves in 11 neat rows of three. The sound of 33 turning engines rings in your ears, and you cheer with the crowd as the powerful cars take off from the starting line.Unlike Monaco Formula One cars, Indy cars are more uniform in their ____50____. They tend to be much longer, and reach 260 kilometers per hour. Since the drivers must race for 500 miles, the race is quite long, ____51____ three to five hours. The resulting wear and tear on each car is managed with short stop. The driver’s excellent team performs ____52____ at amazing speeds. The dangerous nature of this race requires ____53____ communication between the drivers and their teams. They must plan short stops ____54____ or the driver loses precious time and it could _____55____ them the race.1 / 3141. A. memory B. aim C. anxiety D. ride42. A. comfort B. position C. bottom D. direction43. A. colorful B. fashionable C. unique D. similar44. A. comes out B. stands out C. turns out D. points out45. A. Crossing B. Constructing C. Driving D. Competing46. A. touch B. spot C. error D. hole47. A. in history B. in advance C. in return D. in all48. A. pushing B. drawing C. fighting D. fanning49. A. following B. arranging C. warning D. urging50. A. design B. preparation C. display D. regulation51. A. timing B. extending C. delaying D. lasting52. A. check B. maintenance C. device D. condition53. A. short B. special C. constant D. loud54. A. professionally B. positively C. directly D. carefully55. A. cost B. sacrifice C. defeat D. fail.41-45 DACBA 46-50 CADBA 51-55 DBCDA2020崇明一模What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite __41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in A ERA Open — an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of studen ts improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing ''significant” reduction in cortisol levels — a chemical produced by our bodies in limes of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefit s. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while __48__ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__ and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__ 53 __ emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less3 / 31__54__ way. And it did, which is __55__ because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and menial health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointing41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. A51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. C2020奉贤一模Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be 41 to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption, 42 , as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can 43 help to make things better.One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping(剥) them of their bark(树皮). Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious 44 , set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned 45 , to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively 46 fire. To keep things consistent, he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树), in all three zones. He picked marulas because they are particular 47 of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to 48 from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they 49 the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their 50 , they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost 51 during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial(两年一次的) burn zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were 52 re-grew only 72%.The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to 53 tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the bi ennial burn zone and three in the annual zone developed ants’5 / 31nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees’ wounds by killing antsthat might 54 colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthytrees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually 55to sick ones.41. A. difficult B. reasonable C. necessary D. awful42. A. however B. therefore C. furthermore D. somehow43. A. uniquely B. barely C. actually D. merely44. A. phenomenon B. evidence C. imagination D. assumption45. A. equally B. regularly C. severely D. purposely46. A. burnt with B. protected from C. covered by D. exposed to47. A. participants B. partners C. victims D. friends48. A. mark B. remove C. hit D. measure49. A. regulated B. checked C. healed D. monitored50. A. disappointment B. surprise C. joy D. relief51. A. vitality B. height C. bark D. strength52. A. controlled B. prevented C. started D. boosted53. A. disturb B. promote C. impact D. quicken54. A. therefore B. nevertheless C. then D. otherwise55.A. beneficial B. unbelievable C. effective D. cruel41-55 BACDB BCBDB CBADA2020虹口一模 Inc. is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market. The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third - party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, . ___42___,domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long ___43___ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s, only to ___44___ in the face of competition from China’s faster - moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to ___45___ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese compe titor, NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock - for - stock transaction（交易）, according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from ___46___ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those ___47___, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained ___48___ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services. Amazon China’s president would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer - business team will report ___49___ to the company’s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the ___50____ of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash - on - delivery as their to form of ___51___. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) ___52___ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross - border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEase Kaola’s 25% ___53___ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall InternationalChinese consumers are becoming more fascinated with ___54___ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market7 / 31research’s f ounder, said American e-commerce giants ___55___ obstacles in China because they didn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.41. A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42. A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition43. A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44. A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive45. A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply46. A. time - consuming B. long - suffering C. ever - lasting D. consumer - facing47. A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48. A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49. A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly50. A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation51. A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade52. A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant53. A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum54. A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55. A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came across41 - 45 CACBB 46 - 50 DADBC 51 - 55 BDACD2020黄浦一模Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were __41__, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the __42__ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great - grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of __43__ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the __44__ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next __45__, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the __46__ in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six - point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with be tween 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is __47__ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of __48__ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in __49__ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously __50__ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. __51__, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also __52__ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend __53__ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural __54__ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to __55__ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the9 / 31community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardize41-50 CDAAC CDDAC BCCCC2020嘉定一模In product design, imagining user’s feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in a new product design, connecting with user’s heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and __41__ products is critical to a company’s long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially __42__ consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) __43__ that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy（同感）, which __44__ creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can __45__ the consumer’s product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product - how consumers might use the product, that is, an “objective - imagination” approach. The other focuses on feelings - how the product makes the consumer feel, a “feeling-imagination” approach.Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers __46__ this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. That’s important, leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more __48__, the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more __49__ to the consumers’ ideas. This leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, that’s powerful and will lead to som ething much more innovative than only focusing on a product’s usage.” The research shows that a feelings - based approach is __50__ to the commonly used objective - based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but is also them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasingly __51__ consumers for newproduct ideas.” __52__, there was very successful campaign a few years ago focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a __53__ effect of adopting a feelings - imagination approach. That suggest that these designers may __54__ imagining users’ feelings. In this way, designers can develop products the could __55__ to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercise through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking to52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What’s more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C. adapt D. commit41-45 BDCAD 46-50 CBDAB 51-55 CDBBA2020静安一模In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is CrucialWith consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how do you convince shoppers to buy your narrative (叙述), let alone your product?A recent report by TrustRadius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors (供应商), may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully __41__ about their products.Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics (策略) is increasing. __42__, according to the report, most consumers trust online peer __43__ as much as recommendations from friends —and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more __44__ than a brand ambassador (大使) from an out-of-reach personality.Transparency (透明度) is crucial. The report found that there is a large trust __45__ between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors __46__ to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process —but only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be __47__ — they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can __48__the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more __49__. 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.Along with the combination of fake news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been fake reviews as well. Review sites have been __50__giving preferential(优惠的) treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning (有辨别力的), as a result. __51__, review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second-to-second basis. When brands treat every __52__ with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to deliveri ng a valuedand memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure __53__, and often, these customers will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the __54__ of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting-edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open __55__ with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.41.A. nervous B. honest C. careful D. particular42.A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However43.A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D. instructions44.A. weight B. risks C. warnings D. burdens45.A. relationship B. influence C. gap D. extension46.A. refuse B. hesitate C. desire D. claim47.A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D. unique48.A. consider B. offer C. select D. exercise49.A. efficient B. profitable C. human D. responsible50.A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D. criticized for51.A. On the contrary B. In fact C. By contrast D. In a word52.A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D. appointment53.A. safety B. loyalty C. convenience D. employment54.A. money B. choice C. habit D. voice55.A. dialogue B. debate C. competition D. contract41-55 BCAAC DBCCD BCBDA2020闵行一模The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a(n) __41__ ways as a larger group. This influence can be negative or positive, and can exist in both large and small groups.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly __42__ that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, and the fear of __43__, is such a powerful force in many peop le’s lives. This instinct drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a(n) __44__ aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that __45__ day - to - day interaction between people.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes a(n) __46__: in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to __47__ their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that __48__ criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometime feel __49__ to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to __50__ the peers.However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at __51__ may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of __52__ can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so __53__ that a personmay not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with a(n) __54__ is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, and whether the real __55__ is simply that everyone else is doing the same thing.41. A. traditional B. similar C. peculiar D. opposite42. A. understandable B. believable C. acceptable D. surprising43. A. disapproval B. failure C. absence D. independence44. A. uncertain B. practical C. impossible D. vague45. A. promotes B. prevents C. simplifies D. increases46. A. challenge B. inspiration C. promise D. addiction47. A. recognize B. abandon C. decrease D. define48. A. avoid B. encourage C. decline D. punish49. A. pressured B. respected C. delighted D. regretted50. A. catch sight of B. stay away from C. make fun of D. keep up with51. A. competitions B. interaction C. academics D. adaptation52. A. knowledge B. interest C. assistance D. influence53. A. abstract B. ridiculous C. subtle D. reasonable54. A. consciousness B. motivation C. instinct D. encouragement55. A. motivation B. danger C. support D. achievement41-55 BDABC DBBAD CDCCA2020浦东一模The networked computer is an amazing device. It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of 41 (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). 42 , the computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.But for all the reasons there are to 43 the computer, we must also act with caution. This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active 44 —whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.All animals download, but only a few upload anything besides faces and their own bodies. Humans are 45 in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous( 过剩的) material goods (paintings, sculpture and architecture) and superfluous experiences (music, literature, religion and philosophy). 46 , it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but 47 to move beyond downloading is to rob oneself of a defining ingredient of humanity.Despite the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still 48 download mode, brought about by television watching. Even after the 49 of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just 50 .The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to 51 the flow caused by TV viewing, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly,。

2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--听力部分--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Husband and wife. B. Secretary and boss.C. Teacher and student.D. Air hostess and passenger.2. A. On July 18th. B. On July 19th. C. On July 20th. D. On July 21st.3. A. Pastimes. B. Occupations.C. Performance skills.D. Musical instruments.4. A. Do the laundry. B. Make a promise.C. Go to the stadium.D. Clean his bedroom.5. A. He is too tired to move. B. He is willing to lend a hand.C. He suggests dining out tonight.D. He expects Marilyn to cook tonight.6. A. The man is hesitant about the offer.B. The man is not excited about the offer.C. The man is going to be a vice president.D. The man is sure he is qualified for the job.7. A. The woman can’t wait to buy an iPhone.B. The woman is eager to see the new iPhone.C. The man doesn’t care about the new iPhone.D. The man ordered the woman to buy him an iPhone.8. A. She showed no interest in the exhibition.B. The exhibition is unexpectedly satisfactory.C. She could not find her favourite exhibit anywhere.D. She thought the exhibition could have been better.9. A. Jane is always ready to solve problems.B. The man has already asked a favor of Jane.C. Jane is the last one who can solve the problem.D. She suggests the man should not ask Jane for help.10. A. Ellen is very worried about the reading project.B. Students don’t want to spend more time reading.C. V olunteers are supposed to set aside time for reading.D. V olunteers will get free books if they fulfill the schedule.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. His childhood dream. B. The fate similar to Iqbal’s.C. His experience in Pakistan.D. A sad story of a child slave.12. A. To establish a food company.B. To provide access to clean water.C. To help people get rid of poverty.D. To create impact through education.13. A. Kids should struggle for human rights.B. Kids can make a difference to the world.C. Kids are expecting too much of the world.D. Kids are too young to voice their opinions.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It looks like a van with wings.B. Not enough pilots are available.C. It needs a large space for parking.D. It can’t be reserved on the smartphones.15. A. No model has been announced a success yet.B. The Bell Nexus will be introduced to the public soon.C. Bell is cooperating with Uber in working out models.D. Boeing and Airbus have already developed new models.16. A. Air flight. B. Flight plan. C. Flying cars. D. New helicopters. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Math. B. Sports. C. Geology. D. Biology.18.A. Because he has to hand in his list of grades first.B. Because he is eager to apply for a student loan first.C. Because he has to decide which major to choose first.D. Because he has to finish some extra work for his teacher.19.A. Robert has to pay for his sister’s education.B. Robert took different science courses in high school.C. Robert will enter the university next spring semester.D. Robert did well in academic performance in high school.20.A. Job interview. B. Major selection.C. University application.D. Academic background.Keys: 1-10: BBACD ABDDC 11-13: DAB 14-16: BCC 17-20: DABCI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a cosmetics shop. B. In a hospital.C. In a nutrition department.D. In a supermarket.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Editor and publisher.C. Student and professor.D. Writer and reader.3. A. Open a wedding company. B. Try a new restaurant.C. Run his own bakery.D. Buy some insurance.4. A. The package is too big to deliver.B. The delivery can be made automatically.C. The woman will have lunch with the man.D. The man can make the delivery tomorrow morning.5. A. He was most difficult to satisfy. B. He set many special requirements.C. He inspected the project regularly.D. He was as common as other customers.6. A. An amazing book. B. A great woman.C. A scientific field.D. A strong voice.7. A. He himself is a big fan of Hepburn. B. He does not think the girl is like Hepburn.C. H e felt puzzled by girls’ love for Hepburn.D. He does not know anything about Hepburn.8. A. When to do mind-wandering. B. Where to have physical activities.C. How to keep attentive in a lecture.D. How to take notes in a lecture.9. A. Ordinary. B. Practical. C. Disturbing. D. Unrealistic.10. A. Decorating the company. B. Finishing a painting.C. Preparing a presentation.D. Restructuring the budget.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 2. B. 11. C. 21. D. 30.12. A. A horse. B. A dog. C. A pig. D. A cat.13. A. More annoyed. B. Less anxious. C. More frightened. D. Less shocked. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Its clear aim. B. Its evaluation process.C. Its numerous applications.D. Its solid foundation.15. A. In 1954. B. In 2013. C. In 2018. D. In 2000.16. A. Its location and area. B. The categories of its collections.C. Its official WeChat account.D. The visiting experience it offers.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Consumer and gender. B. Age groups and activities.C. Sports and facilities.D. Training time and trend.18. A. Cycling. B. Jogging. C. Skiing. D. Swimming.19. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.20. A. To determine which item deserves priority.B. To get ideas for a more appealing slogan design.C. To know about teenagers’ leisure sporting activities.D. To see which age group is at the top of consumption capability.Keys: 1-5 DCCDA 6-10 BCCDC 11-13 ACB 14-16 BCB 17-20 BBDAI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. At a bank. B. At a post office. C. At a travel agency. D. At an airport.2. A. Waiter. B. Salesman. C. Mechanic. D. Accountant.3. A. June 3rd. B. June 13th. C. July 13th. D. July 30th.4. A. Business management. B. British literature.C. Popular science.D. Classical music.5. A. Carry a lot of cash on her. B. Cancel the trip to the U.S.C. Search for information online.D. Try various payment methods.6. A. He will give priority to the lecture.B. He will deliver a lecture to the graduates.C. He will attend the graduation ceremony.D. He will prepare presents for the graduates.7. A. Jack has paid off all the debts through hard work.B. Jack and Sam have won the first place in the contest.C. They relaxed themselves the whole summer holiday.D. The robot contest was held in the innovation laboratory.8. A. Peter hardly notices the changes in his class.B. Peter has greatly changed his personality.C. The man was surprised to learn Peter’s success.D. Peter has received training in delivering speeches.9. A. The woman forgot to prepare the gifts.B. The gifts were purchased at the airport.C. The man is very pleased with the picture.D. The special gifts appeal to the man greatly.10. A. He didn’t take any pictures at the ceremony.B. He forgot to take his cell phone to the ceremony.C. He couldn’t record every deta il because he ran away.D. He took only a few photos because of the limited storage.Section BDierctions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked some questions on the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. By donating money to help those in poverty-stricken areas.B. By reducing the price of the food that has gone bad.C. By giving away tons of food to developing nations every year.D. By launching a store selling food once thrown into the trash bin.12. A. The general public. B. The low-income people.C. The charity staff.D. The retailers.13. A. $1 trillion. B. $700,000. C. $30,000. D. $50,000.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Snow or ice sculptures. B. Parades on roads.C. Chalk drawings on pavements.D. Sand paintings.15. A. He prefers to do his art work alone.B. He mostly creates his works in cities.C. He usually spends a short while creating.D. He has attracted many people in fashion industry.16. A. Why art is not easy to forget.B. The history of temporary art.C. A “temporary” artist and his works.D. How to make impressive temporary art.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. How English food is made.B. Why Indian foods are often tasteless.C. Why foods in some countries are spicy.D. How spicy food was introduced into England.18. A. The food in cold regions is usually tasty.B. The climate has little effect on the local food.C. India and England have quite similar climates.D. Spicy food causes people to sweat, cooling them off.19. A. They cover the bad smells of food.B. They give the food a unique flavor.C. They slow down the growth of bacteria.D. They come in handy where there is no refrigerator.20. A. The mention of garlic and onion makes the woman hungry.B. The plants and bacteria can live in harmony to some extent.C. The unique flavor of the plants has contributed to their survival.D. It takes longer time for those plants like onions and garlic to grow.Keys: 1-10 BCCAD CBCBA 11-13 DAA 14-16 BBC 17-20 CDCCI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a garage. B. In the clinic. C. At the airport D. At a restaurant2. A Confident. B. Confused C. Worried D. Funny3. A. Pay the fee. B. fill in the form. C. Find a photograph D. Prove citizenship4. A. Nobody thinks Jack disappointing. B. She holds different opinions with JackC. Fewer people enjoy this basketball season.D. She cares about other people’s comments.5. A. He does not like Chicago B. He wishes to visit Chicago.C. He has no idea about Chicago at all.D. He thinks Chicago not worth seeing.6. A. House agent and renter. B. Policeman and driver.C. Shop assistant and customer.D. Housewife and cleaner.7. A. She has cancelled the meeting. B. The meeting has been announced today.C. She will call a meeting today.D. The meeting will not be held tomorrow.8. A. It is ridiculous for children to study abroad. B. It is up to Frank to decide his schooling.C. It is safer to follow the popular trend first.D. It is well worth sending Frank aboard.9. A. She is mad at the man’s ignorance.B. She is happy with the man’s concentration.C. She didn’t notice the man’s appearance.D. She didn’t want to answer the man’s question.10. A. He is in urgent need of a talk. B. He is fully occupied right now.C. He runs a lad in the middle of the city.D. He considered the experiment needless. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To state the difficulties the team members may face withB. To find support from parents for scholarship contributionC. To attract potential players from some other sportsD. To raise funds for a swimming competition12. A. The committee of a swim clubB. Reporters for a swimming competition.C. The board of swim coachesD. Candidates for a swimming team13. A. It is less financially rewardingB. It offers a more promising academic future.C. It is less physically demandingD. It provides a more flexible training schedule.Questions 14 through 17are based on the following passage.14. A. By mending photographic tools. B. By monitoring rare animalsC. By comparing available images.D. By drawing accurate tracks15. A. The comments B. The phone numbers.C. The full namesD. The instructions16.A. Don't leave any footprints. B. Go with some local guidesC. Don't disturb the animals in cage.D. Relax in the natural environment.17. A. Stories of tracking endangered animalsB. Techniques of wild animal trackingC. A program of protecting endangered animals.D. A wild animal protection organizationQuestions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. About twenty pages. B. Within two pages.C. As long as five pages.D. No shorter than ten pages.19. A. They don't tell the truth. B. They make spelling mistakes.C. They don't know the job wellD. They send many resumes at a time.20. A. Practicing computer skills first. B Reading as many advertisements as possibleC. Trying to be more specific.D. Knowing the expectations of the position Keys: 1-5 DAABC 6-10 ADBCB 11-13 ADA 14-17 CCBC 18-20 BADI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Buying a handbag. B. Trying on a piece of clothing.C. Taking a picture.D. Attending a fashion show.2. A. To the library. B. To the school. C. To the cafeteria. D. To the cinema.3. A. Make a budget. B. Buy the painting.C. Decorate the living room.D. Bargain with the art dealer.4. A. She didn’t get the promotion. B. She doesn’t look attractive.C. She is not in good mood.D. She can’t stand foggy days.5. A. The man needs to arrive earlier. B. The woman has to work overtime.C. The woman dislikes air travel.D. The man wants to save money.6. A. He has earned a big fortune. B. He is good at saving.C. He has little money.D. He spends money like water.7. A. He didn’t attend the ceremony. B. He took a lot of precious pictures.C. He forgot to take his cell phone.D. His recorded the ceremony with his camera.8. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet. B. Encourage his staff to work harder.C. Ask for a progress report on the project.D. Hold a conversation with his employees.9. A. He doesn’t need a va cation. B. The company is short of hands.C. He is afraid of losing the job.D. The boss told him to take a chance.10. A. No seats are available now. B. It’s not the right time to enter.C. It’s too dark for him to find the seat.D. She can’t g et in until the interview ends.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. More cheerful. B. Less stressed. C. More resolute. D. Less attractive.12. A. To find out how clothes can affect people’s feelings.B. To show how scientists pay more attention to details.C. To prove people make fewer mistakes in lab coats.D. To test the effect of clothes on people’s attention.13. A. Body movements change the way people think.B. How people dress can change their appearance.C. What people wear can affect their performance.D. People doing different jobs wear different clothes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Experts who specialize in preventing natural disasters.B. People trained to respond to medical emergencies.C. Super heroes devoted to defending the earth.D. Doctors and nurses who provide medical services.15. A. Decent and promising. B. Busy but secure.C. Tough and stressful.D. Demanding but well-paid.16. A. Passing a physical training program. B. Getting a certificate in CPR (心肺复苏术).C. Possessing a medical school diploma.D. Keeping calm in any situation.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 18-26. B. 27-35. C. 36-45. D. 46-55.18. A. Jogging. B. Swimming. C. Tennis. D. Cycling.19. A. Launch a new promotion campaign. B. Carry out another survey.C. Increase the production of athletic shoes.D. Hold more athletic competitions.20. A. Make products more appealing. B. Follow the trend.C. Focus on fitness business.D. Target older customers.Keys: 1-10 BCBCC DCABB 11-13 CDC 14-16 BCC 17-20 AACDI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. At an art exhibit. B. In a bakery.C. In a painting studio.D. In a clothing store.2. A. Visit her sister's house. B. Give the man a ride.C. Go to the train station.D. Check the time.3. A. She should get pork and chicken. B. She is quite mixed up.C. She should get chicken and vegetables.D. She shouldn't eat any meat.4. A. The man didn't fail by much. B. The man completely failed the exam.C. The man had a really high grade.D. The man's grade was lowbut passing.5. A. It cost more than he thought it would. B. He would like to sell it.C. It isn't a very good one.D. He got it for a low price.6. A. He is surprised that Matthew changed his mind.B. He wished he had asked Matthew before.C. Matthew wanted to leave in the morning.D. Matthew planned the party himself.7. A. She'll work part-time at the banquet.B. She'll try to find a blanket for her guest.C. She's still looking for a guest speaker.D. She lives too far away to come to the dinner.8. A. The teacher described what the students should do.B. The teacher would punish the students being late.C. The teacher required an outline.D. The teacher was late for the first class.9. A. Be understanding toward the woman.B. Lower the woman's final grade.C. Work hard to get an extension.D. Expect the woman to finish her paper first.10. A. She should have gone to Jane's presentation.B. Jane didn't appear nervous at all during her presentation.C. Jane needs to take more lessons in public speaking.D. She didn't understand Jane's presentation at all.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will he asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will he read twice, hut the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based oil the following passage.11. A. Animals yawn for a number of reasons.B. Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom.C. Human yawns are the same as those of other animals.D. Only social animals yawn.12. A. When they are swimming. B. When they are quarreling.C. When they are socializing.D. When they are eating.13. A. To exercise the jaw muscles. B. To eliminate boredom.C. To get greater strength for attacking.D. To gain more oxygen.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Restart the speech as it has been planned.B. Ignore the mistakes.C. Make a wise apology.D. Stop for a moment and get the place right.15. A. To illustrate good way to deliver a speech.B. To emphasize the importance of repetition.C. To indicate listeners' attention on the message itself.D. To warn people of the obvious mistakes in the speech.16. A. How to Be a Perfect Speaker. B. How to Make a Perfect Speech.C. Don't Expect a Perfect Speech.D. Don't Forgive Mistakes in a Speech.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It was in the wrong size. B. It was dirty inside.C. It shrank a lot.D. It was the wrong color.18. A. Change the sweater for a different one.B. Offer the man a free gift as compensation.C. Return the man's money.D. Talk about the matter with the manager.19. A. Because the store is closing soon.B. Because the return period had passed.C. Because the man didn't have a receipt.D. Because the sweater was broken.20. A. The man is able to exchange the sweater.B. The man left the store without the sweater.C. The woman gave the man a refund.D. The woman promised to raise the service quality.Keys: 1-10 DCDDD ACAAB 11-13 ABD 14-16 BCC 17-20 CABBI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. April 9th. B. April 8th. C. April 19th. D. April 21st.2. A. In a post office. B. On the campus.C. In the Main hall.D. In the Administration building.3. A. 2 dollars. B. 4 dollars. C. 8 dollars. D. 5 dollars.4. A. The bag. B. The umbrella. C. The camera. D. Water.5. A. He had a visitor. B. He missed the bus.C. He forgot the time.D. He didn’t like the film.6. A. Surprising. B. Good. C. Untrue. D. Doubtful.7. A. The man feels sorry for the woman. B. The area is for passengers only.C. The woman is asking the man to leave.D. The man is a member of the staff.8. A. The test consisted of one page.B. The exam was difficult for the woman.C. The woman spent an hour on the first page.D. The woman got to the last question finally.9. A. It costs a lot. B. It produces good results.D. It’s of no use. D. It’s too exhausting.10. A. To give up one course temporarily. B. To pick some easier courses this term.C. To drop out of school this term.D. To study harder to meet the requirements.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following pas sage.11. A. Joyful. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. D. Unexpected.12. A. Everything happens for a reason. B. Trust your instincts.C. Take faith in yourself.D. Focus on one thing at a time.13. A. Turn to others’ for advice. B. Try as many different things as you can.C. Lose no time to take action.D. Travel for new experiences and inspiration. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 57 B. 75 C. 76 D. 4315. A. physical or emotional violence. B. risk of developing cancer.C. ruined family relationship.D. polluted indoor air quality.16. A. The importance of banning domestic smoking.B. A new law against domestic smoking.C. The harmful effects of domestic smoking.D. Active smokers and passive smokers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Journalist of a local newspaper. B. Director of evening radio programs.C. Producer of television commercials.D. Hostess of the weekly “Business World”.18. A. He ran three restaurants with his wife’s help.B. He and his wife did everything by themselves.C. He worked both as a cook and a waiter.D. He hired a cook and two local waitresses.19. A. He doesn’t need to do any advertising nowadays.B. He advertises on radio and in local newspapers.C. He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.D. He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.20. A. The restaurant location. B. The restaurant atmosphere.C. The food quality.D. The satisfaction of customers.Ke ys: 1-5 ABDCA 6-10 BCBBA 11-13 DBB 14-16 CDB 17-20 DBBDI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Manager and secretary. B. Customer and salesgirl.C. Man and wife.D. Salesman and manufacturer.2. A. $ 240. B. $ 290. C. $250. D. $ 200.3. A. At a museum. B. At a library. C. At a bookstore. D. At a coffee shop.4. A. Tonight. B. On Friday night. C. On Saturday. D. Next week.5. A. Take care of the baby. B. Fix the air-conditioner.C. Stay in the room alone.D. Get a repairman.6. A. There is no convenient store nearby.B.Convenient stores may not sell phone chargers.C.The phone charger sold online is of poor quality.D.Nobody will be available at the convenient store.7. A. His membership is no longer valid. B. He is tired of that gym.。

2020届上海高考一模英语语法填空汇编含答案

上海高考英语题型训练: 语法填空2019-2020学年高三第一学期期末质量抽查（2020年一模）Ⅱ. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.松江Climbing the world’s highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu’s mind as a 25-year-old in 1974, when the played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) ________ at least get a free health check - up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848 - metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite（冻伤）after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) ________ her later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ________ (invite) to assess Xia’s condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) ________ to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) ________ (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) ________ (diagnose) with lymphoma（淋巴瘤）. He had to undergo another round of amputation（截肢）, losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world’s highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche（雪崩）(27) ________ had killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double - amputee climbers on Qomolongma in December 2017, but it didn’t last long after a protest (28) ________ a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) ________ (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) ________ he had imagined it would be. “I had thought when I finally reached th e summit, I would shout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, I just felt clam.” Xia said.黄浦Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) ________ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) ________ (book) my flights, I always choose thewindow seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) ________ (much) comfort.Some (24)________ argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) ________ seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26)________ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) ________ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) ________ ________ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) ________ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ________ keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.崇明A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay(26)________(connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she waswell-prepared to undertake, (27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30)________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’son board and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”宝山This weekend many families in America will celebrate Mother’s Day. The event dates back to May 9, 1914, (21)_______America’s President Wilson established the official holiday. Some people had begun campaigning for the holiday a few years (22) ______(early). Finally in 1914, the president made it official. He declared that each second Sunday in May (23) _______ (dedicate) to thanking the nation’s mothers. He also ordered all government buildings (24)_______(display) the national flag on that day. According to President Wilson, this was done “as a public expressionof …love …for the mothers of our country.”Before long, people in other countries (25)_______(begin) asking for a similar holiday to celebrate their mothers. Mexico celebrat ed its first official Mother’s Day on May 10, 1922. May 10th became their annual holiday because the country preferred a fixed date to (26)_______that changed.Other countries are happy to share the day with the United States. Some on the list include Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Japan and Turkey.Oddly enough, the U.S. Congress rejected a Mother’s Day resolution at first. Today, though, Mother’s Day is a highly popular holiday. It’s also very successful commercially. Along with giving cards, candy and flowers, (27)_______(take) moms out for brunch is a very popular gesture. America’s National Restaurant Association says Mother’s Day is the year’s most popular day for eating out.But why do we honor our mothers? Many moms lovingly dedicate their lives to their children. Moms sacrifice time, sleep and often their own dreams. Moms try to provide a strong foundation (28)_______children can build their lives. With(29)_______(love) care, mothers guide their children toward adulthood.When we consider everything our mothers have done for us, how can we not honor them? There’s no need to wait for a national holiday, though. Every day is a great opportunity to tell our mothers (30)_______they mean to us.答案：松江21. could 22. that 23. invited 24. himself 25. waking 26. was diagnosed 27. that / which 28. from 29. to climb 30. how / what黄浦21. when/ where 22. booking 23. more 24. may/do 25. within/in26. won’t need 27. be bothered 28. even though 29. shrink/ shri nking 30. what崇明21. has created 22. developing 23. that 24. to be grouped25. where 26. connected 27. but 28. whose 29. themselves 30. As long as宝山21. when 22. earlier 23. would be dedicated 24. to display 25. began 26. one 27. taking 28. on which/ so that 29. loving 30. what。

上海英语一模分类汇编专题03 完形填空(原卷版)

上海2020英语一模分类汇编专题03 完形填空（原卷版）一、长宁区二、杨浦区三、徐汇区四、普陀区五、浦东新区六、嘉定区七、虹口区八、宝山区九、松江区十、闵行区一、长宁区Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）A Simple Act of Gratitude tells a story of one man’s journey to change his life. The book be gins one December when the future looks 27 for John Kralik. His small law business is struggling（艰难的）. He’s in the process of divorcing（离婚）his second wife. He doesn’t have much of a relationship with his two sons. He’s living in a small, cheap flat, roasting in the summer and freezing in the winter. His ideal dreams for his law business and his 28 to become a judge are out of reach.On New Year’s Day, John goes hiking in the mountains near his California home. He gets lost and is stepping around in the wilderness when he hears a voice say, “ 29 you learn to be thankful for the things you have, you will not receive the things you want.” After thinking a while, he comes up with an idea. He decides to find one person to thank each day and write them a thank - you note. By the end of the year, he will have written 365 notes. They would be the way out of his disappointment.At first, John has trouble finding things to be thankful for. But day by day, he 30 people to thank for large and small things. He writes thank-yous for gifts and kindnesses. He writes notes to his sons. Writing thank-yous makes him realize he needs to change the way he views life and the people in it. He writes to college friends and doctors, Starbucks clerks, his daughter’s teacher and his apartment manager. He writes to anyone who 31 his life in even the smallest way. Almost immediately, surprising things begin to happen. He begins to have the benefit ofa changed attitude. By the end of the book, his life isn’t32 , and he still doesn’t have everything he wants.But he realizes that writing thank-you notes is a good thing to do and makes the world a better place. 27．A．beautiful B．dark C．attractive D．primary28．A．decision B．talent C．choice D．desire29．A．If B．Though C．Until D．When30．A．takes up B．turns out C．breaks down D．thinks of31．A．touches B．widens C．provides D．beats32．A．perfect B．meaningful C．tough D．strange二、杨浦区Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Have you ever tried playing the kind of video games that your parents played? The Museum of Science in Manchester, in the UK, has held an exhibition for the last few years, which invites visitors to do 27 that. It offers them the chance to play games from the last 40 years, in various sessions throughout the day.These video game sessions have now become one of the main attractions of the museum. They are full of people every day, pla ying a wide range of games. However, visitors often choose the ones they’re 28 . For parents, for example, these are usually the games they used to play in their childhood.There’s also a(n)29 purpose to the games. For instance, some old types of computer, dating back 40 years, are also available in the sessions. They were originally used in classrooms to teach pupils to write their won computer programs. And at the time, it helped lots of young people to do that. Now, the museum is holding workshops that encourage children to learn similar skills -- and they’re still very popular.The exhibition also shows how much 30 technology has made over the last 40 years. Parents can often remember playing very simple games. But the games that are played today are more complex. They have better story-lines and animation, too. And the players also have to use much more complicated techniques.31 , one serious side of the exhibition is that organisers also want to show that video gaming is an important industry, employing many skilled people. So they hope the exhibition will 32 this message. That way, people who enjoy gaming will also understand all the hard work, talent, imagination that goes into creating these amazing games.27．A．especially B．exactly C．directly D．mainly28．A．ready for B．poor at C．connected to D．familiar with29．A．dramatic B．official C．historical D．educational30．A．response B．progress C．knowledge D．impression31．A．However B．Therefore C．In fact D．In conclusion32．A．link B．checkC．share D．record三、徐汇区Could you imagine a library where you borrow tools, appliances and sports gear(用具)? As a student, Sabrina could see the simple solution to a problem — in order to reduce waste and create a good effect on our environment, perhaps we should try sharing the things we have.When she arrived in Brisbane four years ago, Sabrina had nothing with her but a suitcase full of clothes and a laptop. To start settling in, she asked friends if she could borrow the things she needed. Over time, as she started to have things of her own, she would 27 them to her friends in return.She then came to the conclusion that we don’t need to own every single tool for every single28 , we just need to have them; we need a place where we can borrow what we need —in other words, a library. Sabrina decided to put her idea into action and so the Brisbane Tool Library was born.Within two years the tool library has grown to over 225 members and today is run by a team of volunteers, mostly women, from 13 different nationalities. For a small membership fee, the library offers 29 from hand and power tools to sporting and camping gear, and kitchen equipment.The library now has over 500 items in its storeroom with another 500 waiting to come. These are items that would otherwise have gone into landfill when their owners are 30 them sitting on the shelf — most are still new. “It doesn’t need to be like this,” says Sabrina. “It’s not just about reducing waste when things are at the 31 of their life cycle. And recycling is not enough. We need to rethink purchasing from the very beginning. We need some change.”It’s a part of the rise of the share economy, where phone apps allow 32 to share rarely-used goods with people who need them. Libraries have been around for centuries offering public use of shared resources. 27．A．lend B．report C．read D．sell28．A．excuse B．success C．purpose D．secret29．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing30．A．fond of B．tired of C．surprised at D．afraid of31．A．start B．top C．rest D．end32．A．learners B．officers C．users D．designers一、四、普陀区Choose the best answer and complete the passage.FINDING FRIENDS ONLINEWhat are the differences between online and real-life relationships?In many ways, the Internet world mirrors the real world. Some people ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Some buy and sell products. Others look for 27 .Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words 28 . Th ere, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count（算数）. So even the 29 person can become a chat room star.Usually, this“faceless”communication doesn’t cause trouble. Who you are doesn’t really matter when you are in a chat room, discussing sports or hobbies. In fact, people 30 what you think about. This makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?But some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. They are looking for serious love relationships. Is the Internet a good place to find love? Some of these relationships are actually successful. Others fail painfully.Supporters of online relationships say that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other by exchanging ideas first. Your 31 isn’t so important as that in the real world.But others of online relationships 32 that no one can truly know another person in the Internet world. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. The Internet users can carefully choose their words to fit whatever image they want to give. In fact, they’re not really themselves. 27．A．money B．friendship C．fun D．news28．A．on a screen B．in a book C．in a newspaper D．on TV29．A．cleverest B．funniest C．strongest D．shyest30．A．laugh at B．are proud of C．focus on D．are satisfied with 31．A．appearance B．education C．job D．interest32．A．understand B．care C．argue D．wonder五、浦东新区Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Birthday party is on the way!Thirty minutes 27 the party, volunteers arrive and get to work. They make delicious food, prepare exciting games and arrange colorfully wrapped boxes on a table. Soon it's time to play the music and welcome the eager guests. They rush in, ready to celebrate.Every month, parties like this take place at homeless shelters across the country. They're hosted by a group called the Birthday Party Project. This non-profit 28 throws birthday parties for groups of kids who don't have a home. For many of them, it's the first birthday party they've ever had.Paige Chenault is the founder of the Birthday Party Project. "Everyone wants a chance to feel known and seen, and a birthday is a 29 time to make it true. "says Chenault. She and her family threw the Birthday Party Project's first event in January 2012. "We realized our own community was a great place to start, "she says. Since then, the project has 30 . Now it hosts about 50 monthly parties in 15 cities. More than 10,000 Children have celebrated their birthday at these events.Eight-year-old Dipson is one of them. At the party held there in March 2019. Dipson unwrapped his gift: a new bicycle. "It was very fun,"he says. But Dipson also says he has learned a 31 from his party: "You can get a bit sick when you have too much chocolate cake. ,"he warns future party-goers.Jamie Gates is the education supporter at the housing community where Dipson lives. The Birthday Party Project holds parties there each month. According to Gates, if she doesn't remember to tell the children the date of the next event, they'll 32 asking her until they get the answer. "Parents will come to the party, too," she says. "Everyone in the community loves it."27．A．over B．after C．before D．during28．A．school B．organization C．conference D．station29．A．sudden B．private C．perfect D．safe30．A．grown B．begun C．frozen D．gone31．A．saying B．subject C．skill D．lesson32．A．dislike B．keep C．miss D．finish六、嘉定区Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Books have magical power. They contain knowledge and knowledge makes our human become wiser and stronger. Between their pages, readers can be transported to anywhere imaginable and become just about anyone ... or anytime. 27 , many children all over the world don’t have access to books.For several years now, Maria Keller, a teenager from Minneapolis, Minnesota, has been trying to change that fact.When she was 8 years old, Maria already loved reading. She also noticed that some of her classmates didn’t read as much as she did. When she asked her mother why that was, her mother said that they might not be able to 28 books. Maria had never thought of this. She couldn’t believe that some children didn’t have bedtime stories read to them, and she became 29 to change this.With her mother’s help. Maria created a non-profit organization which is dedicated（致力于）to collecting and distributing books to children 30During the early stages of Read Indeed, Maria set the goal of collecting and distributing I million books by the time she was 18.It didn’t take long to reach that goal. Up till now, she has collected over 2.4 million books and has shipped them to many states and countries around the world.She said, “I cannot live without books. As I continue my mission（使命）. I have learned that the number of kids who have no books is in the hundreds of millions. So I just can’t31 . even after reaching my original goal of 1 million books.”She recently set a new goal:to distribute donations to kids in need in every state in the US, and every country in the world. She keeps records of her 32 on a large map at the warehouse（仓库）where her books are stored and sorted.27．A．So B．However C．After all D．Instead28．A．choose B．afford C．share D．read29．A．excited B．used C．supposed D．determined30．A．in safety B．in danger C．in need D．in trouble31．A．set out B．give up C．get off D．take up32．A．industry B．research C．progress D．study七、虹口区Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）When is the best time to ...Drink coffeeA recent study shows taking a very small amount of coffee each time is best done early in the day. Drunk later, it can reset your body’s clock and27 sleep. You may try not drinking the coffee for a few weeks to see what a night of truly good rest feels like.EatIt’s best to eat your biggest meal early, against a common American day. A chemical in your body called insulin reaches the highest point in the first half of the day, then slowly 28 . So your blood sugar is less possible to skyrocket after a big breakfast than after a comparable dinner.SleepAround 8 or 9 p.m., our bodies start to cool down, and we sleep better when we have a low body temperature. But how much shut-eye is ideal? Studies show that those who get six and a half to eight hours are less possible to die too soon. Eight hours seems to be 29 .ExerciseSome people believe in early - morning running. But muscle tone（肌肉张力）is highest around 5 p.m.. 30 professionals get an increase: West Coast NFL teams won more often in matches after 8 p.m. on the East Coast. Still on Pacific time, their bodies were ready to play.Be 31Research suggests the development of language starts with late - night talks. So save the short story you’ve been meaning to write for a dark and restless night, and many different ideas may come up.Do mathScientists think we reach the closest attention between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., with a highest point around noon.For the first new hours after we wake, our brains have a(an) 32 to use some more energy. 27．A．predict B．prevent C．provide D．produce28．A．appears B．improves C．drops D．returns29．A．perfect B．limited C．boring D．serious30．A．Still B．Just C．Yet D．Even31．A．creative B．confident C．generous D．responsible32．A．attitude B．chance C．resource D．order八、宝山区Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）Would you like to be comfortable talking to other people? Holding conversations may help.Holding conversations may not seem like a skill. 27 , everyone talks to other people frequently（频繁地）.But talking to new people makes many people nervous.Here are some ways to make conversations more fun and less awkward（尴尬的）.Body languageAs strange as it may seem, much 28 happens without any words.The way you stand and act tells people a lo t about you. When you’re talking with someone, stand up straight and look them in the eye. This shows that you’re confident. And if you’re nervous, acting like you’re confident can help you feel more confident. When you’re listening, look at the other person. Lean forward to show that you’re interested in what they’re saying.Back and forthA good conversation is not a 29 , which means that both people need to participate. If you’re doing all the talking , pause to give the other person time to speak. If they don’t say anything, try asking them a question.Questions can also help if you’re struggling（挣扎）to think of something to say. If you ask the other person a question, they’ll talk for a while. Maybe they’ll say something relate with and can reply to. People are generally30 to find others with similar interests.When you ask questions, try to come up with open-ended ones. That means questions where the answer is more than just “yes” or “no.” Open - ended questions in English tend to start with who, what, when, where and why.Don’t fear 31 .Don’t panic if the conversation has quiet moments. Every conversation has some. Think of them as opportunities to change the subject to something you’re interested in. You could also comment on（评论）something you’ve done recently. Or once again, you can ask a question about the other person.So if you’re shy, be brave, ask a question, and start a conversation. As with any skill, you will32 on holding conversations with time.27．A．Above all B．In brief C．After all D．Even though28．A．emotion B．communication C．information D．situation29．A．dialogue B．game C．discussion D．speech30．A．difficult B．faithful C．excited D．honest31．A．conclusions B．questions C．conversations D．silence32．A．increase B．improve C．better D．rise九、松江区Choose the best words and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词完成短文)You might have noticed that sometimes, when you’re playing mobile games or taking a video call, the picture suddenly freezes because the network speed is too 27 . When you try to download a movie on your phone, it seems to take forever.These annoying things will soon become a thing of the 28 , as China just issued commercial licenses (发放商用牌照) for 5G networks on June 6, 2019. This means that China’s telecommunications (电信) companies will be able to offer 5G network speeds for mobile phone users.The “G” in “5G” 29 generation (of mobile network technology). 1G let us talk to each other. 2G let us send messages. 3G gave us mobile data and internet, and 4G made all of these things faster. So what will 5G bring?First of all, 5G is so fast that it will allow you to download an entire HD movie in seconds. The delay between sending and receiving data will be shortened. Now 4G takes about 100 to 200 milliseconds (毫秒), while humans have a reaction time of about 200 to 300 milliseconds. But 5G will get the delay down to 1 millisecond or less, which is almost real-time.Because of this 30 in speed, it will be possible to create and use new kinds of technology. Robots will be used to do operations because doctors will be able to control them from somewhere else without any delay.Self-driving cars will be able to run more 31 because they can smoothly communicate with each other, traffic lights and road sensors (传感器).5G also makes the internet of things (IoT, 物联网) possible. IoT is a large network that connects nearly everything. 32 , your toaster might be able to automatically start making your breakfast after your alarm clock rings.All in all, 5G will sh ape every type of technology that it touches. And you won’t have to wait too long for that to happen.27．A．small B．low C．fast D．high28．A．present B．future C．past D．old29．A．goes to B．looks like C．relies on D．stands for30．A．increase B．competition C．delay D．practice31．A．widely B．slowly C．carefully D．safely32．A．At last B．In addition C．For example D．In other words十、闵行区Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）The first thing you remember‘I remember , when I was about three, my mother looking at me in my buggy and smiling at me’.Jan, 13‘I was maybe four. We were driving to our grandma’s and our car 27 . We couldn’t get out of the car and I cried. A mechanic came to help us.’Alice, 12‘I remember I was eating an ice cream when a dog came and took it out of my hand. I cried, I was two , I think.’Tom,10‘I remember my first memory is my second birthday. There was a cake with two candles. I couldn’t blow the candles out, so my dad did it for me.’Mike, 15Most adults remember little about this that happened in their very early childhood, 28 , some people think that we aren’t really able to form memories before our fourth or fifth birthdays. But scientists carrying out research into early memories have suggested that this is not true. They say that we do form memories at a very young age. However , what we remember about our very early lives seems to change as we 29 .Researchers in Canada worked with 140 children aged between four and thirteen. First , they asked their participants to describe their earliest memories. Then they asked them roughly how old they’d been when the event happened . Next, they asked the kids’ parents to make sure that the event actually happened .And all the 30 were written down. The researchers waited for two years before they went back to the children and asked them again, ‘What’s your earliest memory?’Nearly all the children who were aged between four and seven in the first interview said something very different in the second interview. And when the researchers reminded them of what they’d said the first time, many of the children said, ‘No, that never happened to me. ’However , many of the children who were between ten and thirteen at the first interview described exactly the 31 memory in the second interview. This seems to suggest that our memories change in the early years, but that at around the age of ten, the things that we remember get fixed （固定的）.The researchers are now looking into the question of why children remember certain events and not others. We sometimes think that most first or early memories are about very stressful things that happened to us as children , because had thins stand out in our minds. But in this study, stressful events were only a small percentage of what the children said they remembered. More often, their early memories were happy ones. The researchers are trying to work out why this is the case. We expect the researchers will 32 more fascinating things about memories in the near future.27．A．ran forward B．sold out C．broke down D．sped up28．A．As a result B．What’s more C．For the time being D．In fact29．A．are pleased B．build confidence C．feel tired D．get older30．A．forecasts B．answers C．reviews D．orders31．A．unforgettable B．sweet C．same D．short32．A．imagine B．require C．control D．discover。

上海英语一模分类汇编专题03 完形填空(解析版)

上海2020英语一模分类汇编专题03 完型填空（解析版）一、长宁区二、杨浦区三、徐汇区四、普陀区五、浦东新区六、嘉定区七、虹口区八、宝山区九、松江区十、闵行区一、长宁区Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）A Simple Act of Gratitude tells a story of one man’s journey to change his life. The book b egins one December when the future looks 27 for John Kralik. His small law business is struggling（艰难的）. He’s in the process of divorcing（离婚）his second wife. He doesn’t have much of a relationship with his two sons. He’s living in a small, cheap flat, roasting in the summer and freezing in the winter. His ideal dreams for his law business and his 28 to become a judge are out of reach.On New Year’s Day, John goes hiking in the mountains near his California home. He gets lost and is stepping around in the wilderness when he hears a voice say, “ 29 you learn to be thankful for the things you have, you will not receive the things you want.” After thinking a while, he comes up with an idea. He decides to find one person to thank each day and write them a thank - you note. By the end of the year, he will have written 365 notes. They would be the way out of his disappointment.At first, John has trouble finding things to be thankful for. But day by day, he 30 people to thank for large and small things. He writes thank-yous for gifts and kindnesses. He writes notes to his sons. Writing thank-yous makes him realize he needs to change the way he views life and the people in it. He writes to college friends and doctors, Starbucks clerks, his daughter’s teacher and his apartment manager. He writes to anyone who 31 his life in even the smallest way. Almost immediately, surprising things begin to happen. He begins to have the benefit ofa changed attitude. By the end of the book, his life isn’t32 , and he still doesn’t have everything he wants.But he realizes that writing thank-you notes is a good thing to do and makes the world a better place. 27．A．beautiful B．dark C．attractive D．primary28．A．decision B．talent C．choice D．desire29．A．If B．Though C．Until D．When30．A．takes up B．turns out C．breaks down D．thinks of31．A．touches B．widens C．provides D．beats32．A．perfect B．meaningful C．tough D．strange【答案】27．B 28．D 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．A【解析】文章大意：本文介绍了一本书的故事梗概，主人公John Kralik一个简单的感激之举改变了他的生活的旅程。

2020届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作--老师版(纯净word带答案已校对终结版)

IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Zeigarnik EffectHave you ever found yourself thinking about a partially finished project for school or work when you were trying to focus on other things? Or perhaps you wondered what would happen next in your favorite TV sh ow or film series. If you have, you’ve experienced the Zeigarnik effect. You tend to remember unfinished tasks better than finished tasks. Knowledge of the Zeigarnik effect can be put into use in everyday life.The effect is especially well suited for helping overcome procrastination or delaying an action to a later time. We often put off big tasks that seem overwhelming. However, the Zeigarnik effect suggests that the key to overcoming procrastination is to just get started. The first step could be somethi ng small and seemingly insignificant. In fact, it’s probably best if it’s something fairly easy.The Zeigarnik effect can be useful for students who are studying for an exam. The effect tells us that breaking up study period s can actually improve recall. So instead of cramming for an exam all in one sitting, breaks should be scheduled in which the student focuses on something else. This will cause intrusive(侵入的) thoughts, enabling students to rehearse and consolidate the information that must be remembered, leading to better recall when they take the exam.The Zeigarnik effect also points to reasons why people may experience mental health problems. If an individual leaves important tasks incomplete, the intrusive thoughts that result can lead to stress, anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and emotional distress. Conversely, completing a task can give an individual a sense of accomplishment and lead to a feeling of closure that can improve psychological well-being.The Zeigarnik effect can actually be used to positively impact your work productivity.Keys:The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly, it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step. Beside s, it encourages breaks i n students’ study, thus improvi ng recall in exams. Thirdly, itpromotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Online “friends”―a threat to developmentThe impact of technology on the nature of our friendships has been a much-debated topic since the dramatic rise of social networks. Advances in mobile technology and social networking websites mean we spend more time online than ever before. It is therefore not surprising that so many psychologists, sociologists, and others are eager to give their thoughts on how this is impacting negatively on our society.There is one element of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become ineffective, aggressive, and display anti-social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy. This is the emotion that allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.Professor Sherry Turkle suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. And yet being alone is a time when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.These potential changes in our characters are rather alarming, so it is clear that we can’t neglect those negative impacts of social networks.Keys:There is an increasing concern about social networks’ negative impact on our society. As young people are crazy about sharing life moments online, they may develop bad characters and lose empathy. Besides, people can’t bear being alone, the lack of which makes them unable to self-reflect. So we should pay attention to those impacts. (54 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Supermarkets Are Changing BritainThe British love their supermarkets. And there are more and more of them every year. But is this a good thing?Not necessarily. For a start, many small shops can’t compete on price with superstores such as Tesco. And they don’t have as many products either. As a result, 36% of the UK’s small shops shut down between 1990 and 1996 while the number of supermarkets increased from 457 to 1,102. Supermarkets have even had a negative effect on the British pub. Beer and wine is much cheaper in a supermarket than in a pub. There are now over 55,000 supermarkets in the UK, but less than 55,000 pubs. A decade ago there were more than 61,000. These days, pubs are closing at the rate of 39 a week!Supermarkets are also bad for animal welfare. The UK has high standards in this field, but some supermarkets get their meat from abroad. And in many cases, this meat is produced under conditions that would be illegal in the UK. But once they’ve got the meat, supermarkets put a British flag on the product as the meat is packed there. Dishonest? Not exactly, but it isn’t entirely true either!Supermarke ts have a poor environmental record too. Many of them don’t store food products themselves as storage space is expensive, so they get food producers to do it for them. This means that supermarket lorries have to make more trips to collect supplies. In turn, this increases the amount of petrol used, which leads to more pollution. Supermarkets also use a lot of plasticpackaging, which isn’t good for the environment either.So, what can be done to help the “little guys”? Not much really. Supermarkets have a l ot of power. Many political parties receive donations from supermarkets. And supermarkets often use their money to influence decisions. For example, just before the year 2000, one supermarket gave the government £12 million to help build the Millennium Dome in London. Later, plans to tax supermarket car parks were dropped.Keys:All the development of supermarket in Britain is not helpful. Firstly, they have many products and have the advantage over price leading to some British pubs and many small shops shutdown. Secondly, for their meat produced, they hurt animal welfare. Thirdly, as the price of storage space is high, many food products are stored by others resulting in damaging environment.(60 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph （密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person - to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part ofthe digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Keys:Cryptocurrency, a quick, safe and convenient electronic cash system, is a solution to online money transfer. However, it's now challenged by problems. One is the weakness of website security, which gives clever thieves opportunities. The other is the loss caused by false cryptocurrencies. To protect users, websites are fighting against thefts and companies are limiting cryptocurrency advertisements. (57 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Decline of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the range of living things in an area. During the last 100 years, scientists have seen a great decline in biodiversity. Some studies show that one in eight plant species is threatened with extinction. It is estimated that 140,000 species of plants are lost each year.Most of the extinctions in the last thousand years are due to humans. The main cause is the chopping down of tropical rain forests. Most of this destruction is done to create pasture(牧场) for beef cattle. Many rainforests in Central and South America have been burnt down to make way forcattle farming, which supplies beef to the rest of the world. It is estimated that for each pound of beef produced, 200 square feet of rainforest are destroyed. The forests are also cut down to make wheat for bread as well as fruit for human consumption.The introduction of exotic(外来的) species is another threat. The latest research from the University of Southampton has revealed the impact of exotic species upon native wildlife, which could potentially lead to the extinctions of local species. When exotic species are introduced to a place, they try to establish a self-sustaining population. While the local species, which haven’t had a chance to evolve, often lack defenses and thus cannot compete against the exotic species.The disappearance of certain food animals can be disastrous not only to larger animals but also to the entire ecosystem. It is these small creatures which convert much of the energy in an ecosystem from unusable (i.e. microscopic plants, decaying matter, etc.) into usable forms, namely their bodies. Their absence makes most energy and nutrients trapped in forms unusable to other species. This makes the environment less suitable for healthy living, and less capable of producing resources that humans need.Keys:Biodiversity is declining fast. One major reason is that people cut down tropical rain forests to raise cattle for beef or to grow food. Another reason is that some local species may extinct because they cannot compete with exotic species. The disappearance of certain species can do great harm to the ecosystem and environment.（54 words）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids says, “We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise. Parents think they're building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and,when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving to o much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters.“One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters.”Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be proportionate （相称的）to the amount of effort your child has put into it.Keys:Currently, contrary to what people did in the past, many parents think highly of their kids to often. It is not proper to praise children too much, but they can't do the opposite. What matter: is not the quantity but the quality of praise. Parents should praise their children in promotion to how much effort they make.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine LifeOxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin andother large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.Keys:Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do We Need Art in Our LivesNo one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that’s fun but certainly can’t pay the rent. If it’s not a useful skill, no wonder arts funding is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives?In schools, time and money is at a premium (稀有而珍贵), now more than ever. With teachers having to fit so many lessons into every day, it’s easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside. Budgets are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead?It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn’t have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, cope with their symptoms. Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse emotions in the people interacting with them.Art also gives us insight into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can’t tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived and worked, because their art has given us such a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn’t have that insight without it.Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work on machinery, and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you’re probably creating art every day.So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they’re thinking of is the art you see in galleries. Art is actually much more accessible and is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital form ofself-expression.Keys:Considered as a hobby or fun, art is ignored in schools. Limited time and money is spent on essential subjects. However, art is very useful and everywhere. As therapy, art benefits health. Besides, it enables us to understand the world better. Above all, we often express our feelings in the form of art. Therefore, art is needed.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes orimplementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.Keys:We should show gratitude year-round as it is beneficial to both our personal and professional life. First, it helps our physical and mental health and makes us happier, thus promoting production at work. Second, it makes us more self-aware, which can contribute to career success. Lastly, it makes us more likely to forgive others and helps build strong relationships. (59 words)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.New Research on Kids’ Poor Math AchievementIf the thought of a math test makes you break out in a cold sweat, Mom or Dad may be partly to blame, according to the new research published in Psychological Science.A team of researchers found that children of math-anxious parents learned less math over the school year and were more likely to be math-anxious themselves—but only when these parents provided frequent help on the child’s math homework.Previous research from this group has established that when teachers are anxious about math, their students learn less math during the school year. The current study is novel in that it establishes a link between parents’ and children’s math anxiety. These findings suggest that adults’ attitudes toward math can play an important role in children’s math achievement.“We often don’t think about how important parents’ own attitudes are in determining their children’s academic achievement. But our work suggests that if a parent is walking around saying‘Oh, I don’t like math’ or ‘this stuff makes me nervous,’ kids pick up on this messaging and it affects their success,” explained Beilock, professor in psychology.“Math-anxious parents may be less effective in explaining math concepts to children, and may not respond well when children make a mistake or solve a problem in a novel way,” added Levine, Beilock’s colleague.438 first- and second-grade students and their primary caregivers participated in the study. Children were assessed in math achievement and math anxiety at both the beginning and end of the school year. As a control, the team also assessed reading achievement, which they found was not related to parents’ math anxiety. Parents completed a questionnaire about their own nervousness and anxiety around math and how often they helped their children with math homework.The researchers believe the link between parents’ math anxiety and children’s math performance stems more from math attitudes than genetics.Keys:Different from previous research on the relationship between teachers’ anxiety and their students, a new research reveals parents’ math anxiety undermines their children’s math performance. When the anxious parents help their children with math, their negative attitudes toward math will be passed on to their children, which indicates that not genetics but attitudes account for the kids’ math performance. (59)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It goes without saying that the language spoken by the majority of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A. Nonetheless, quite apart from well-documented lexical （词汇的）differences 一pavement/sidewalk, lift/elevator, etc. — there are still some words and phrases which can cause contusion and misunderstanding between speakers of the two different forms. That's why sonic people say that Great Britain and the United States are nations separated by a common language. There are practical reasons for this.When the first English settlers arrived in what we now call America, the language they spoke was naturally the same as that spoken by their compatriots （(同胞）on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. However, they immediately saw things which didn't exist in Europe, often items used and made by Native Americans, such as canoes and moccasins and creatures such as buffalo. They also picked up words which they heard being used by other European immigrants. The word "boss", for example, was used by settlers from Holland in New York in the mid-17th century. It comes from the Dutch word "baas", which means master. The word "cookie" also comes from the Dutch "koekje".There are many words, phrases and even grammatical structures which are mistaken for Americanisms （美式英语用语）in Britain when they are nothing of the sort. Very often, they represent not an American import, but an original form of British English which has disappeared in Britain. The verbs "guess” meaning think and “loan" meaning lend and the adjective "mad" meaning angry are frequently criticized as Americanisms, yet they all appeared in British English hundreds of years ago. In the case of "（loan", it was used as long ago as 1,200 years! In fact, English spoken in the UK has changed so thoroughly in the last 500 years that American English now represents the last place where some original British English forms can be found.Keys:Although American English and British English are the same language, there are great differences. Two reasons account for the phenomenon. New words were created after the first English settlers in America saw new things and learned words from other Europeans. Additionally, some original expressions have been changed by British people while they are still being used by Americans.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Psychology of SpendingDr. Thomas Gilovich, psychology professor at Cornell University, has studied the psychology。

语法填空：2020届上海各区高三一模分类汇编

2020宝山一模This weekend many families in America will celebrate Mother’s Day. The event dates back to May 9, 1914, (21)_______America’s President Wilson established the official holiday. Some people had begun campaigning for the holiday a few years (22)_______(early). Finally in 1914, the president made it official. He declared that each second Sunday in May (23) _______ (dedicate) to thanking the nation’s mothers. He also ordered all government buildings (24)_______(display) the national flag on that day. According to President Wilson, this was done “as a public expression of …love …for the mothers of our country.”Before long, people in other countries (25)_______(begin) asking for a similar holiday to celebrate their mothers. Mexico celebrated its first official Mother’s Day on May 10, 1922. May 10th became their annual holiday because the country preferred a fixed date to (26)_______that changed.Other countries are happy to share the day with the United States. Some on the list include Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Italy, Japan and Turkey.Oddly enough, the U.S. Congress rejected a Mother’s Day resolution at first. Today, though, Mother’s Day is a highly popular holiday. It’s also very successful commercially. Along with giving cards, candy and flowers, (27)_______(take) moms out for brunch is a very popular gesture. America’s National Restaurant Association says Mother’s Day is the year’s most popular day for eating out.But why do we honor our mothers? Many moms lovingly dedicate their lives to their children. Moms sacrifice time, sleep and often their own dreams. Moms try to provide a strong foundation (28)_______children can build their lives. With (29)_______(love) care, mothers guide their children toward adulthood.When we consider everything our mothers have done for us, how can we not honor them? There’s no need to wait for a national holiday, though. Every day is a great opportunity to tell our mothers (30)_______they mean to us.21. when 22. earlier 23. would be dedicated 24. to display 25. began26. one 27. taking 28. on which/ so that 29. loving 30. what2020崇明一模A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California anda developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company(28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30)________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s on board and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”21. has created22. developing23. that24. to be grouped25.where26. connected27. but28. whose29. themselves30. As long as2020奉贤一模Ancient Myth---A Hit With Modern AudiencesThis summer’s surprise hit at movie theaters across China was the re-telling of the ancient myth of Nezha. The animated film (21) (take) in over four billion yuan at the box office and become one of the country’s most successful films ever. It proved that China could produce animated films comparable to (22) produced in Hollywood and Japan.The film, directed by Yang Yu, was a massive undertaking(任务) from start to finish. He spent two years writing the script(剧本) and three more years making a film which required the efforts of 1,600 animators. But for Yang, it was a way to prove to himself that he (23) change his fate and inspire others to change their fate as well.“I used to suffer from a lot of prejudice after changing my career,” said Yang, “Since then I have thought about making an animated film to encourage young people to persist in their dreams.”(24) (convey) the message that “your fate is in your own hands,” Yang made some changes to the original myth. Nezha was born a devil(恶魔), (25) (fate) to cause mischief(恶作剧), but he decides to overcome his fate and to save the people of his hometown from being destroyed by Ao Bing, the third son of the Dragon King.(26) the ancient myth being very clear about the differences between the good and the bad guys, in Yang’s film, all of the characters are treated with empathy, and even the “bad” people are also victims of their fate, (27) , actually, have the potential to change and become good.Over the years, I have come across a few students labeled as “devils.” Although some misbehaved simply (28) they were not mature enough, others were trouble-making and uncooperative when they were in a bad mood. Those students need to know they were not doomed to be bad. As they grew up, they would have the power to change their circumstances.If you have seen Nezha, you know (29) a terrific, entertaining film it is. But an important lesson is also conveyed in the film (30) we should not judge ourselves or others too harshly, so as not to allow those negative judgments to control our fate.21.has taken22. those 23.could24.To convey25. fated26.Despite 27. who28. because29. what30. that2020虹口一模Innovations that will change the classroomAmerican schools are going high - tech. Many symbols we still associate with classrooms and learning, like chalkboards, pens, notebooks - even classrooms (21) _______ --- are quickly becoming outdated.As this week marks The Huffington Post’s 10th anniversary, we’ll take a look at some products that (22) _______ (introduce) to classroom in the past decade and have the potential to change the educational landscape in the years (23) _______ (come).1. Remote LearningSome schools are cutting down on snow days, thanks to technology. Rather than giving kids the day off (24) _______ weather conditions are too dangerous for commuting, these schools are asking students to follow classroom lessons online.Although kids (25) _______ (hope) for a snow day may not particularly appreciate these advancements in digital learning, online lessons allow these kids to complete their coursework and still interact with peers. Some students with medical conditions (26) _______ “go” to school via video conferencing or even with the help of robots enabled with video chat that they can control remotely.2. eBooksDiscovery Education has been replacing traditional textbooks with original “techbooks” for six years. These “techbooks” can also be switched to Spanish or French, Kinney said, (27) _______ allows some parents who don’t speak English to help their kids with their homework.3. Educational GamesIn-class gaming options have evolved to include more educational options. GlassLab creates educational games that are now being used in more than 6,000 classrooms across the country. Teachers get real-time updates on students’ progress as well as suggestions on (28) _______ subjects they need to spend more time perfecting.The Internet and other digital tools have some drawbacks. They’re often distracting, (29) _______ most developments have exciting implications for the future. Over the last 10 years, technological innovations have made education more interactive, immediate and (30) _______ (personalize), -- and have shown us the potential for more accessible and effective classrooms.21. themselves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if25. hoping 26. can 27. which 28. what 29. But 30. personalized2020黄浦一模Asleep on a plane: a case for window seatsI love to sleep on planes, and I have an unusual ability to sleep well on them. There have even been one or two occasions (21) ________ I have fallen asleep before takeoff and awakened upon the impact of landing, not having realized we had even left the ground. So when (22) ________ (book) my flights, I always choose the window seat whenever possible. This allows me to lean my sleepy head against the wall of the plane for a bit (23) ________ (much) comfort.Some (24)________ argue that the aisle（走廊）seat is superior for the leg space and the ability to get off swiftly and eye the snack cart. But in reality, we’re all getting our drinks and snacks (25) ________ seconds. Also, I find that if a person knows he’s in a window seat, he’ll choose to use the bathroom before boarding so that he (26) ________ (not need) to disturb his neighbor, which is just considerate. And he’ll seize the opportunity to get up when another seatmate gets up so that the seatmate needn’t (27) ________ (bother) more than once.As a photographer and visually oriented person, the window seat gives me the best views of cottony clouds, or a great sunset, or golden sunrise, etc. Most of all, (28) ________ ________ I’ve been flying for years, I still get pleasure of seeing my departing city or country (29) ________ (shrink) into the distance, and the butterflies in my stomach when I see the horizon of my destination come into view. And those feelings of adventure and excitement are (30) ________ keep me coming back , flight after flight, to my window seat.21. when 22. booking 23. more 24. will 25. within26. won’t need 27. to be bothered 28. even if/though 29. shrink 30. what2020嘉定一模This is where my kids grew upFor years now, I’ve been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is more than just a building. In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines. Every growth stage (21) ________ (mark) in pencils, with each child’s name and the date.Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in a home that’s (22) ________ (hard) to leave behind. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress. Friends I know have visited their previous home only (23) ________ (discover) their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. Over the years, I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, (24) ________ ________ the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing. So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do (25) ________ about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer (26) ________ work is about capturing the beautiful things in life. She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, (27) ________ (take) photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints, and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph (28) ________ we had experienced in all those years. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, (29) ________ (transform) them into a beautiful history of my family.There weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me --- (30) ________ life - size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth .21. is marked 22. the hardest 23. to discover 24. even though/if25. something 26. whose 27. took 28. what 29. transforming 30. a2020静安一模How Do Avalanches HappenIf you’re ever skiing in the mountains, you’ll want to be aware of avalanches. An avalanche is a sudden flow of snow down a slope, such as a mountain. The amount of snow in an avalanche (21) ____________ (vary) based on many things, but it can be such a huge amount that it can bury the bottom of a slope in dozens of feet of snow.Avalanches (22) ____________ be caused by natural things. For example, new snow or rain can cause built-up snow to loosen and fall down the side of a mountain. Artificial triggers (诱发因素) can also cause avalanches. For example, snowmobiles, skiers, and explosives (23) ____________ (know) to lead to avalanches.Avalanches usually occur during the winter and spring, (24) ____________ snowfall is greatest. As they are dangerous to any living beings in their path, avalanches have destroyed forests, roads, railroads and even entire towns.Warning signs exist that allow experts to predict — and often prevent — avalanches from (25) ____________ (occur). When over a foot of fresh snow falls, experts know to be on the lookout for avalanches. Explosives can be used in places (26) ____________ massive snow buildups to trigger much smaller avalanches that don’t pose a danger to persons or property.When deadly avalanches do occur, the moving snow can quickly reach over 80 miles per hour. Skiers caught in such avalanches can be buried under dozens of feet of snow. (27) ____________ it’s possible to dig out of such avalanches, not all are able to escape.If you get tossed about by an avalanche and find yourself (28) ____________ (bury) under many feet of snow, you might not have a true sense of which way is up and which way is down. Some avalanche victims have tried to dig their way out, only to find that they were upside down and digging (29) ____________ farther under the snow rather than to the top!Experts suggest that people caught in an avalanche try to dig around you (30) ____________ (create) a space for air, so you can breathe more easily. Then, do your best to figure out which way is up and dig in that direction to reach the surface and signal rescuers.21. will vary / varies22. can23. have been known /are known 24. when25. occurring 26. with27. While/Though/Although 28. buried 29. themselves 30. to create 2020闵行一模Martin Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And (21) ________ more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53%) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46%) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime (22) ________ we eating together, 74% according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, (23) ________ (look) up for her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often (24) ________ (work) through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on (25) ________ shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.ust two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local video-grapher, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first - name basis (26) ________ he wants to have a little interaction. “ I reflect on (27) ________ my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a chance for self-reflection. you return to work (28) ________ (refresh) and with a plan.”That freedom (29) ________ (choose) is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smart-phones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, (30)________ company provided the statistics for the report.21. like 22. are 23. looking 24. works 25. the 26. if/when 27. how 28. refreshed 29. to choose 30. whose2020浦东一模A New Hero is Here to Save the DayIt’s thought that when a hero like Batman is blessed with great power, he or she mustendure loneliness and suffering as a result. The Flash(闪电侠), however, makes a fun,lightning-quick and optimistic superhero. After the wild success of TV series Arrow, a TVnetwork launched The Flash, (21) (show) the image of this Superhero, who was only asupporting character in Arrow.Like Spiderman, who gained the ability to make webs and climbwalls after he(22) (bite) by a spider, Barry Allen in The Flashwas shocked into superhero-status by accident. A strike from a lightning put Allen into anine-month unconscious state, and when he emerged, he found himself (23) (equip) withsuper speed.Naturally, Allen slips on a colorful suit and becomes the Flash, a hero (24)______ extreme speed to fight super-powered bad guys. But the Flash also has other purposes,namely finding out the truth behind his mother’s death and his father’s unjust imprisonment.In line with superhero series standards, The Flash features action and eye-popping specialeffects. There’s nothing terribly innovative here,but (25)______we do get is a uniquesuperhero with a more unusual personality. (26)______ Allen has gone throughunpleasant childhood experience, in this show he grows into a superhero (27)______powers include optimism. He’s got a group of scientists that not only save his life, butalso provide him with emotional support and the tools necessary (28) _______ (fight) crime.A big surprise for me was that The Flash cast Prison Break star Wentworth Miller as abad character, who uses a gun that (29) ______turn anything into ice. US shows began theirentrance into the Chinese market with Friends, but Prison Break pushed interest in US TVseries to a new height largely thanks to Miller’s wonderful acting. Now Miller’s back to act inThe Flash.(30)______ is a nice surprise that this new show serves as a platform for Prison Breakfans to revisit their old favorite, although this time around he’s an antagonist(反派角色).21. showing22. was bitten/had been bitten23. equipped24. with25. what 26. Even though/if 27. whose 28. to fight29. can 30. It2020普陀一模Surprise! A New PenguinA team of scientists in New Zealand recently came across the remains of a previously unknown species of penguin—by mistake. The discovery of the Waitaha penguin species, which has been extinct for 500 years, is exciting news for the scientific community (21) _______ it gives new insight into how past extinction events can help shape the present environment.The researchers uncovered the Waitaha penguin remains while studying New Zealand’s rare yellow-eyed penguin. The team wanted to investigate the effects (22) _______ humans have had on the now endangered species. They studied centuries-old bones from (23) _______ they thought were yellow-eyed penguins and compared them with the bones of modern yellow-eyed penguins. Surprisingly, some of the bones were older than (24) _______ (expect). Even more shockingly, the DNA in the bones indicated that they did not belong to yellow-eyed penguins. The scientists concluded that these very old bones (25) ________ have belonged to a previously unknown species, which they named the Waitaha penguin.By studying the bones, scientists further concluded that the Waitaha penguin was once native (26) ________ New Zealand. But after the settlement of humans on the island country, its population (27) ________ (wipe) out.Based on the ages of the bones of both penguin species, the team discovered a gap in time between the disappearance of the Waitaha and the arrival of the yellow-eyed penguin. The time gap indicates that the extinction of the Waitaha penguin created the opportunity for the yellow-eyed penguin population (28) ________ (migrate) to New Zealand.(29) _________ yellow-eyed penguins thrived （兴盛）in New Zealand for many years, that species now also faces extinction. The yellow-eyed penguin today is considered one of the world’s (30) ________ (rare) species of penguin, with an estimated population of 7,000 that is now the focus of an extensive conservation effort in New Zealand.21. because/since/as 22. that/ which 23. what 24. (had been) expected 25. must 26. to 27. was wiped 28. to migrate 29. Though/ Although/While 30. rarest2020青浦一模Mako sharks get new protectionsAt the global wildlife trade meeting in Geneva, countries have decided to protect the endangered mako shark from trade. GENEV A made the proposal (21) ______more protections should be taken for both shortfin and longfin mako sharks and was adopted today after a 102-40 vote at the global wildlife trade summit. The vote still needs to be finalized at the full meeting at the end, when all appendix (附录) change proposals passed in committee are officially adopted.The proposal, debated at this year’s CITES Conference, lists mako sharks under Appendix II, meaning that they can’t be traded (22) ______ it can be shown that fishing wouldn’t threaten their chances for survival. Conservationists say this was the world’s last chance to prevent mako shark populations from collapsing.(23) ______(list) mako sharks on CITES Appendix II is great news for shark conservation. More than 50 of the 183 CITES members signed on as supporters of the proposal brought forth by Mexico. Nonetheless, conservationists feared that opposition from a few countries with fairly large mako fishing industries—primarily the United States, Canada, and Japan—(24) ______ tip the scale. Japan opposed the measure during the debates, and the United States announced afterward it (25) ______ (vote) no.In the past, the U.S. and others have supported listing other shark species under CITES, but not so in this case, (26) ______ commercial interests. For a lot of these countries, they were happy to list shark species when it was ones they weren’t so heavily involved in fishing. Suddenly, when they’re being asked to be responsible, rather than asking other people to be responsible, they’re (27) ______ (little) keen to take it on board.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature, which determines the conservation status of species claims that both species of mako sharks to be endangered, saying an (28) ______ (estimate) 50 to 79 percent population decline over three generations, or about 75 years. They (29) ______ (target) for their fins (鳍), used in shark fin soup—a dish in Asian countries, that’s often served at weddings as a sign of respect for guests. Their meat is more edible compared to (30) ______ of other sharks, which is often acidic and is usually sold as a byproduct of the fin trade for “pennies on the dollar”.21. that 22. unless 23. Listing 24. could/would 25. had voted26. with/for 27. less 28. estimated 29. are targeted 30. that2020松江一模Climbing the world’s highest mountain could not have been further from Xia Boyu’s mind as a 25-year-old in 1974, when the played for the provincial soccer team in Qinghai. But when the Chinese Mountaineering Association announced it was looking for climbers to join an upcoming journey, Xia put in an application so that he (21) ________ at least get a free health check - up.After just a few months of training, Xia and his fellow climbers started climbing the 8,848 - metre mountain in January 1975. However, Xia suffered such severe frostbite（冻伤）after lending a teammate his sleeping bag (22) ________ her later lost both of his feet.Three years later, a foreign expert (23) ________ (invite) to assess Xia’s condition concluded that with artificial legs, Xia would be able to walk again and even climb mountains. It made him determined to challenge (24) ________ to climb Mount Qomolangma again.Xia set himself a demanding schedule, (25) ________ (wake) at 5 a.m. to train for five or six hours. Unfortunately, Xia suffered another major setback in 1996, when he (26) ________ (diagnose) with lymphoma（淋巴瘤）. He had to undergo another round of amputation（截肢）, losing part of his legs.It was not until 2014 that he was able to organize a team to make another attempt at scaling the world’s highest mountain. Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only to be informed that all journeys had been stopped, following an avalanche（雪崩）(27) ________ had killed 16 people.The Nepalese government announced a ban on double - amputee climbers on Qomolongma in December 2017, but it didn’t last long after a protest (28) ________ a disabled support group. That allowed Xia, at the age of 69, (29) ________ (climb) to the top on May 14, 2018. The feeling, however, was not (30) ________ he had imagined it would be. “I had thought when I finally reached the summit, I would shout it to the world. I would do all these poses for photos. But when the moment arrived, I just felt clam.” Xia said.21. could 22. that 23. invited 24. himself 25. waking 26. was diagnosed 27. that / which 28. from 29. to climb 30. how / what2020徐汇一模Once upon a time ...Once upon a time there lived in Germany two brothers. At school they met a wise man who led them to a treasure — a library of old books with tales more fascinating than any they had ever heard. (21) ______ (inspire), the brothers began collecting their own stories, listening to the folktales people told them. Soon they produced their own treasure — a book of fairy tales that would charm millions in faraway lands for generations (22) ______ (come).The brothers Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, named their story collection Children's and Household Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The collection (23) ______ (translate) into more than 160 languages up to now. The stories and their characters continue to feature in virtually every media: theatre, opera, comic books, movies, paintings, rock music, advertising and fashion.Such fame would have shocked the modest Grimms. During their lifetimes the collection (24) _________ ______ (sell) few copies in Germany. The early editions were not even aimed at children. They had no illustrations, and scholarly footnotes took up almost as much space as the tales (25) _ . Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm began their work at a time (26) ______ Germany had been occupied by the French under Napoleon. The new rulers restricted local culture. As young scholars, the brothers Grimm began to work on the fairy tale collection in order to save the endangered oral storytelling tradition of Germany.(27) ______ the brothers implied that they were just keeping records of tales, Wilhelm continued to polish and reshape the stories up to the final edition of 1857. In an effort to make them more acceptable to children and their parents, he stressed the moral of each tale and emphasized gender roles. To this day, parents still read them to their children because they approve of the lessons in the stories: keep your promises, don't talk to strangers, work hard, obey your parents.Yet (28) ______ all Wilhelm's additions, the most important part of these stories was left untouched. The cruel treatment of children and the violent punishments handed out to the stories' bad guys are too much for some parents.So what accounts for their popularity? Some have suggested that it is (29) ______ the characters are always striving for happiness. But the truth probably lies in their origin. Grimms' tales were born out of a storytelling tradition without boundaries (界限) of age or culture. The brothers' skill was to translate these into a universal style of writing that seems to mirror (30) ______ moods or interests we bring to our reading of them. And so it was that the Grimms' fairy tales lived happily ever after.。

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2020届宝山区高考英语一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Monaco Grand PrixThe air is fresh with the heat of early summer as you arrive in the beautiful country of Monaco on the day of the race. Your 41 to the Monte-Carlo neighborhood is bursting with color as classic styles of European architecture catch your eye. When you reach the race course area, you are led to the harbor where you will watch the race from the 42 of a friend’s yacht (游艇). Soon, the Formula One cars will pull onto the starting point and the race will begin.Each of the cars in the Monaco Grand Prix is 43 , but all of them are fast and modern. The race course also 44 as being complex and difficult, with a frightening hairpin (发夹) turn along a very narrow street. 45 these streets at speeds over 150 kilometers per hour, drivers must take care. Even the slightest 46 could turn a multi-million dollar car into a pile of waste. The driver who claims first place receives an award and will go down 47 as one of the world’s finest drivers.Indianapolis 500On race day the grandstands (大看台) are filled with excitement as you enter the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. You find your seat, 48 yourself against the harsh heat and marvel at the huge black oval (椭圆形的) track below. Moments later, a fleet of Indy Cars rolls onto the track, 49 themselves in 11 neat rows of three. The sound of 33 turning engines rings in your ears, and you cheer with the crowd as the powerful cars take off from the starting line.Unlike Monaco Formula One cars, Indycars are more uniform in their 50 . They tend to be much longer, and reach 260 kilometers per hour. Since the drivers must race for 500 miles, the race is quite long, 51 three to five hours. The resulting wear and tear on each car is managed with short stops. The driver’s excellent team performs 52 at amazing speeds. The dangerous nature of this race requires 53 communication between the drivers and their teams. They must plan short stops 54 or the driver loses precious time and it could 55 them the race.41.A. memory B. aim C. anxiety D. ride42.A. comfort B. position C. bottom D. direction43.A. colorful B. fashionable C. unique D. similar44.A. comes out B. stands out C. turns out D. points out45.A. Crossing B. Constructing C. Driving D. Competing46.A. touch B. spot C. error D. hole47.A. in history B. in advance C. in return D. in all48.A. pushing B. drawing C. fighting D. fanning49.A. following B. arranging C. warning D. urging50.A. design B. preparation C. display D. regulation51.A. timing B. extending C. delaying D. lasting52.A. check B. maintenance C. device D. condition53.A. short B. special C. constant D. loud54.A. professionally B. positively C. directly D. carefully55.A. cost B. sacrifice C. defeat D. fail宝山区一模答案41-55 DACBA CADBA DBCDA2020届崇明区高考英语一模Ⅲ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite__41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in A ERA Open — an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association — last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing ''significant” reduction in cortisol levels — a chemical produced by our bodies in limes of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while__48__others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__ and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__ 53 __ emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__ way. And it did, which is __55__because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and menial health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointing崇明区高考一模答案41. B 42. D43. C44. A45. D46. A47. B48. C49. B50. A51. D 52. B53. D54. A55. C2020届奉贤区高考英语一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be (41)________to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption, (42)______, as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can (43)______help to make things better.One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping (剥) them of their bark（树皮）.Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious (44)________, set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned (45)________, to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively (46)________fire. To keep things consistent，he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树)，in all three zones. He picked marulas because they are particular (47)________of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to(48)________from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they(49)________the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their(50)________, they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that hadseen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost(51)________during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial (两年一次的）bum zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were (52)________re-grew only 72%.The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to (53)________tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the biennial burn zone and three in the annual zone developed ants’ nests in their wounds. Tt looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees’ wounds by killing ants that might (54)________colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually (55)________to sick ones.41. A. difficult B. reasonable C. necessary D. awful42. A. however B. therefore C. furthermore D. somehow43. A. uniquely B. barely C. actually D. merely44. A. phenomenon B. evidence C. imagination D. assumption45. A. equally B. regularly C. severely D. purposelessly46. A. burnt with B. protected from C. covered by D. exposed to47. A. participants B. partners C. victims D. friends48. A. mark B. remove C. hit D. measure49. A. regulated B. checked C. healed D. monitored50. A. disappointment B. surprise C. joy D. relief51. A. vitality B. height C. bark D. strength52. A. controlled B. prevented C. started D. boosted53. A. disturb B. promote C. impact D. quicken54. A. therefore B. nevertheless C. then D. otherwise55 A. beneficial B. unbelievable C. effective D. cruel奉贤区高考一模答案41-55 BACDB BCBDB CBADA2020届虹口区高考英语一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Inc.is checking out of China’s fiercely competitive domestic e-commerce market.The company told sellers on Thursday that it would no longer __41__ its third-party online marketplace or provide seller services on its Chinese website, . __42__, domestic companies will no longer be able to sell products to Chinese consumers on its e-commerce platform.The decision marks an end to a long __43__ by America’s e-commerce giants in the Chinese market. The firms entered the Chinese market with great attention in the early 2000s,only to __44__ in the face of competition from China’s faster-moving Internet giants.Amazon has been in talks to __45__ its e-commerce business for goods imported into China with a Chinese competitor,NetEase Inc.’s Kaola, in a stock-for-stock transaction (交易), according to a person familiar with the matter. That would remove the Amazon name from __46__ e-commerce in China. Neither company would confirm the progress or details of those __47__, nor would they say if they are continuing.In a written statement, Amazon said it remained __48__ to China through its global stores, Kindle businesses and web services.Amazon China’s president would leave to take on another role within the company, the company said. The China consumer-business team will report __49__ to the company’s global team.When Amazon first entered China in 2004 with the __50__ of , it was the largest online seller for books, music and video there. Most Chinese consumers were using cash-on-delivery as their top form of __51__. Today, Amazon China chiefly caters to customers looking for imported international goods such as cosmetics and milk powder and is a(n) __52__ player in the booming Chinese e-commerce market.Amazon China commanded just 6% of gross market volume in the niche（细分的）cross-border e-commerce market in the fourth quarter of 2018, versus NetEaseKaola’s 25% __53__ and the 32% held by Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.’s Tmall International.Chinese consumers are becoming more fascinatedwith __54__ brands. In 2011, 85% of Chinese consumers said they would always buy a foreign brand over a domestic one. By 2016, 60% of respondents said they preferred domestic over foreign brands. Shaun Rein, China Market Research’s founder, said American e-commerce giants __55__ obstacles in China because they hadn’t offered the products or user experience that consumers were looking for.41.A. assist B. expand C. operate D. tailor42.A. As a result B. By contrast C. For example D. In addition43.A. criticism B. negotiation C. struggle D. resolution44.A. interact B. withdraw C. split D. survive45.A. associate B. combine C. exchange D. supply46.A. time-consuming B. long-suffering C. ever-lasting D. consumer-facing47.A. talks B. businesses C. competitions D. instructions48.A. related B. accustomed C. exposed D. committed49.A. automatically B. directly C. regularly D. secretly50.A. breakdown B. improvement C. purchase D. participation51.A. refund B. payment C. sponsorship D. trade52.A. complicated B. critical C. original D. insignificant53.A. share B. budget C. volume D. maximum54.A. foreign B. luxurious C. domestic D. fashionable55.A. dealt with B. forgot about C. got through D. came across虹口区高考一模答案完型填空：41-45CACBB46-50DADBC51-55BDACD2020届黄浦区高考英语一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passag, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Endangered languages can be found throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were ___41___, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the ___42___ languages, most speakers are grandparents and great-grandparents.Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of ___43___ used by the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the ___44___ of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next ___45___, the rate at which it is losing speakers and the ___46___ in which it is used. Basedon this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered.” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to a language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the language’s community or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is ___47___ used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business.Languages become endangered due to a number of ___48___ factors including globalization, economics, technology, education policy, and changes in ___49___ attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously ___50___ language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the area’s majority language. ___51___, local schools often begin to teach the majority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also ___52___ as communities adopt mobile phones and computers, most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend ___53___ as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities undergo a cultural ___54___ in which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children.Initiatives to ___55___ endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase the use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large.41. A. at hand B. at risk C. in use D. in view42. A. ancient B. evolving C. local D. surviving43. A. assessment B. classification C. description D. research44. A. age B. background C. number D. religion45. A. committee B. century C. generation D. government46. A. content B. occupations C. situations D. themes47. A. advisedly B. efficiently C. primarily D. rarely48. A. balancing B. complicating C. historical D. interrelated49. A. cultural B. mental C. moral D. religious50. A. foreign B. informal C. isolated D. national51. A. For example B. In contrast C. In response D. Vice versa52. A. boom B. develop C. disappear D. suffer53. A. ceases B. changes C. increases D. starts54. A. difference B. influence C. shift D. variety55. A. enrich B. purify C. refresh D. standardize黄浦区高考一模答案41-45CDBCC46-50CCDAC51-55CDCCC2020届嘉定区高考一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In product design, imagining users’ feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in new product design, connecting with users’ heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and41 products is critical to a company’s long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially 42 consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n) 43 that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy（同感）, which 44 creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can 45 the consumer’s product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product—how consumers might use the product, that is, an “objective –imagination” approach. The other focuses on feelings—how the product makes the consumer feel, a “feelings-imagination” approach.Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers 46 this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. That’s important, but the 47 of usage can only attract consumers in some ways.48 , the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more49 to the consumers’ ideas. This leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, that’s powerful and will lead to something much more innovati ve than only focusing on a product’s usage.” The research shows that a feelings-based approach is 50 to the commonly used objective-based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but it also helps them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies’ design. Mehta said, “Marketers are increasingly 51 consumers for new product ideas.”52 , there was a very successful campaign a few years ago that focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a53 effect of adopting a feelings-imagination approach. That suggests that these designers may 54 imagining users’ feelings. In this way, designers can develop products that could 55 to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercises through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking in52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What’s more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C. adapt D. commit嘉定区高考一模答案41—45: BDCAD46—50: CBDAB51—55: CDBBA2020届静安区高考英语一模III．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the Fake News Era, Building Trust with Consumers Is CrucialWith consumers growing increasingly frustrated with online advertising and privacy concerns, how do you convince shoppers to buy your narrative (叙述), let alone your product?A recent report by TrustRadius, a software review company that connects buyers and vendors (供应商), may be able to shed some light. Among other interesting findings, it turns out that it may actually benefit brands to be painfully __41__ about their products.Consumer awareness of influencer marketing tactics (策略) is increasing. __42__, according to the report, most consumers trust online peer __43__ as much as recommendations from friends — and well above company advertising message. Feedback from everyday folks, it seems, actually carries more __44__ than a brand ambassador (大使) from an out-of-reach personality.Transparency (透明度) is crucial. The report found that there is a large trust __45__ between vendors and buyers. While vendors believe they are transparent, most buyers don’t appear to see it. During the sales process, for example, 85 percent of vendors __46__ to be open about their product’s limitations during the sales process — but only 36 percent of buyers share that same view. The reality is, consumers don’t expect any products to be __47__ — they just want to enter relationships with their eyes wide open so that they can __48__the options that are best for them. They also want brands to be more __49__. 66 percent of consumers say they will leave a company if they feel they are being treated like a number and not an individual.Along with the combination of fake news, advertising fraud, and data leaks, there have been fake reviews as well. Review sites have been __50__giving preferential (优惠的) treatment to paid advertisers, and consumers are increasingly discerning (有辨别力的), as a result. __51__, review sites are not our only source of peer reviews, with social media providing customer experiences on a second-to-second basis. When brands treat every __52__ with a customer as a potential review, they’ll start paying more attention to detail, and being alert to delivering a valued and memorable experience every time. Taking feedback seriously also lets current customers feel valued and respected and makes your business seem more approachable. This helps secure __53__, and often, these customers will become brand ambassadors to their friends, family and people they meet online.The challenge for brands today is determining how to use the __54__ of the consumer to their advantage. In an age of cutting-edge technology, artificial intelligence, and self-service customer care, it’s odd to acknowledge that the best way to build trust with your customers is by holding an open __55__ with your customers. Being more human, transparent, and listening to what people are saying will see your company thrive in an era marked by consumer suspicion.41.A. nervous B. honest C. careful D. particular42.A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However43.A. reviews B. reactions C. experiences D. instructions44.A. weight B. risks C. warnings D. burdens45.A. relationship B. influence C. gap D. extension46.A. refuse B. hesitate C. desire D. claim47.A. advanced B. perfect C. remarkable D. unique48.A. consider B. offer C. select D. exercise49.A. efficient B. profitable C. human D. responsible50.A. associated with B. mistaken by C. praised as D. criticized for51.A. On the contrary B. In fact C. By contrast D. In a word52.A. cooperation B. complaint C. interaction D. appointment53.A. safety B. loyalty C. convenience D. employment54.A. money B. choice C. habit D. voice55.A. dialogue B. debate C. competition D. contract静安区高考一模答案41-55BCAAC DBCCD BCBDA2020届静安区高考英语一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a(n) 41 way as a larger group. This influence can be negative or positive, and can exist in both large and small groups.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly 42 that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, and the fear of 43 , is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. This instinct drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a(n) 44 aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that 45However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at51 may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of 52 can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so 53 that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with a(n) 54 is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, and whether the real55 is simply that everyone else is doing the same thing.41. A. traditional B. similar C. peculiar D. opposite42. A. understandable B. believable C. acceptable D. surprising43. A. disapproval B. failure C. absence D. independence44. A. uncertain B. practical C. impossible D. vague45. A. promotes B. prevents C. simplifies D. increases46. A. challenge B. inspiration C. promise D. addiction47. A. recognize B. abandon C. decrease D. define48. A. avoid B. encourage C. decline D. punish49. A. pressured B. respected C. delighted D. regretted50. A. catch sight of B. stay away from C. make fun of D. keep up with51. A. competitions B. interaction C. academics D. adaptation52. A. knowledge B. interest C. assistance D. influence53. A. abstract B. ridiculous C. subtle D. reasonable54. A. consciousness B. motivation C. instinct D. encouragement55. A. motivation B. danger C. support D. achievement闵行区高考一模答案41. B42. D43. A44. B45. C46. D47. B48. B49. A50. D51. C52. D53. C54. C55. A2020届浦东新区高考英语一模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The networked computer is an amazing device. It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of ____41____ (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). ____42____, the computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.But for all the reasons there are to ____43____ the computer, we must also act with caution. This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active ____44____ —whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.。