飞行数据记录器和飞机状态监控系统(English)讲解
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NBAA 2003
A triaxial accelerometer is an integral part of the flight recorder system. Accelerometer measure accelerations along the airplane lateral， Longitudinal，and vertical axes of the airplane and send them to the FDAU.
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Flight Data Recorder (FDR) is a device which records information about the flight of the airplane.
14
NBAA 2003
15
NBAA 2003
16
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Federal Airworthiness Regulation (FAR) 121.343 requires that 17 parameters are recorded by the FDR. The seventeen parameters currently required by the FAR are: • Time • Altitude • Airspeed • Vertical acceleration • Heading • Time of each radio transmission to or from Air Traffic Control • Pitch attitude • Roll attitude • Longitudinal acceleration • Control column or elevator position • Pitch trim position • Control wheel or aileron position • Rudder pedal or rudder position • Thrust of each engine • Position of each thrust reverser • Trailing edge flap or flap handle control position • Leading edge flap or flap handle control position
22 34 2 8
TRIP NUMBER
DATA
FLIGHT RECOEDER TEST NORMAL
OFF
EVENT
REPEAT
RECORDED HOURS
REMAINING
Figure 4.2
Civil Aviation Flight University of China13
NBAA 2003
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 3
NBAA 2003
4
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Flight Recorder System
On Model 737,757,and 767 airplanes the flight recording system consists of a Flight Data Recorder, Flight Data Acquisition Unit (FDAU), accelerometer and a control panel.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 8
NBAA 2003
9
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System
NBAA 2003
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System
飞行数据记录器和 飞机状态监控系统
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 1
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorderAccelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China11
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
The flight recorder system will automatically record airplane airspeed, attitude, altitude, engine performance and other data from engine start-up to engine shut-down.
NBAA 2003
Cockpit controls for the FDR are limited to a warning light which illuminates in the event of FDR failure, and a test switch for use only on the ground.
The FDAU gathers data from the airplane’s systems. Data sent from the FDAU to the FDR is recorded on magnetic tape. The data collected by the FDAU specifically for the FDR are called mandatory data because they are required by FAR 121.343.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China10
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 7
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
The FDR is normally located in a part of the airframe that is likely to suffer least in the event of an impact. Consequently, they are normally installed in the tail or roof of the aircraft.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China12
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
To protect the tape in the event of an accident, the recorder is housed in a sealed fire and impact resistant container.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
NBAA 2003
An under water locator beacon, which emits an ultrasonic signal when immersed in water, is attached to the front of the FDR. The beacon is turned on automatically when immersed in water, to assist in locating the recorder when under water.
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 2
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Operation of the FDR must be fully automatic and not require pilot switching.
The data recorded on the Flight Data Recorder is used for accident investigations; the data may also be used for monitoring airplane systems.
All transport aircraft above 5,700 kg must be fitted with a flight data recorder.
NBAA 2003
The purpose of flight data recorder is to record the data passed to it by the FDAU.
A flight data recorder will record twenty-five hours of data on a continuous tape.
Digital Flight Data Recorders (DFDR) are fitted to many modern transport aircraft, and have the capacity to record as many as 300 parameters, including control positions and systems performance.
Most importantly, pilots are not able to turn the FDR off in flight or erase data after landing, to ensure data that may be relevant to an accident or incident is protected for use by accident investigation officers.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Figure 4.1
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 5
NBAA 2003
6
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
On Model 737,757, and 767 airplanes the FDAU acquires airplane performance data for the Airplane Condition Monitoring System (ACMS). These data are for maintenance purpose. Airline personnel retrieve the ACMS data collected by the FDAU and use it to check the operation of airplane systems and engines. The engine data is particularly useful for identifying engine performance trends.
A triaxial accelerometer is an integral part of the flight recorder system. Accelerometer measure accelerations along the airplane lateral， Longitudinal，and vertical axes of the airplane and send them to the FDAU.
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Flight Data Recorder (FDR) is a device which records information about the flight of the airplane.
14
NBAA 2003
15
NBAA 2003
16
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Federal Airworthiness Regulation (FAR) 121.343 requires that 17 parameters are recorded by the FDR. The seventeen parameters currently required by the FAR are: • Time • Altitude • Airspeed • Vertical acceleration • Heading • Time of each radio transmission to or from Air Traffic Control • Pitch attitude • Roll attitude • Longitudinal acceleration • Control column or elevator position • Pitch trim position • Control wheel or aileron position • Rudder pedal or rudder position • Thrust of each engine • Position of each thrust reverser • Trailing edge flap or flap handle control position • Leading edge flap or flap handle control position
22 34 2 8
TRIP NUMBER
DATA
FLIGHT RECOEDER TEST NORMAL
OFF
EVENT
REPEAT
RECORDED HOURS
REMAINING
Figure 4.2
Civil Aviation Flight University of China13
NBAA 2003
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 3
NBAA 2003
4
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Flight Recorder System
On Model 737,757,and 767 airplanes the flight recording system consists of a Flight Data Recorder, Flight Data Acquisition Unit (FDAU), accelerometer and a control panel.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 8
NBAA 2003
9
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System
NBAA 2003
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System
飞行数据记录器和 飞机状态监控系统
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 1
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorderAccelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China11
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
The flight recorder system will automatically record airplane airspeed, attitude, altitude, engine performance and other data from engine start-up to engine shut-down.
NBAA 2003
Cockpit controls for the FDR are limited to a warning light which illuminates in the event of FDR failure, and a test switch for use only on the ground.
The FDAU gathers data from the airplane’s systems. Data sent from the FDAU to the FDR is recorded on magnetic tape. The data collected by the FDAU specifically for the FDR are called mandatory data because they are required by FAR 121.343.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China10
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 7
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
The FDR is normally located in a part of the airframe that is likely to suffer least in the event of an impact. Consequently, they are normally installed in the tail or roof of the aircraft.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Civil Aviation Flight University of China12
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
To protect the tape in the event of an accident, the recorder is housed in a sealed fire and impact resistant container.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
NBAA 2003
An under water locator beacon, which emits an ultrasonic signal when immersed in water, is attached to the front of the FDR. The beacon is turned on automatically when immersed in water, to assist in locating the recorder when under water.
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 2
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
Operation of the FDR must be fully automatic and not require pilot switching.
The data recorded on the Flight Data Recorder is used for accident investigations; the data may also be used for monitoring airplane systems.
All transport aircraft above 5,700 kg must be fitted with a flight data recorder.
NBAA 2003
The purpose of flight data recorder is to record the data passed to it by the FDAU.
A flight data recorder will record twenty-five hours of data on a continuous tape.
Digital Flight Data Recorders (DFDR) are fitted to many modern transport aircraft, and have the capacity to record as many as 300 parameters, including control positions and systems performance.
Most importantly, pilots are not able to turn the FDR off in flight or erase data after landing, to ensure data that may be relevant to an accident or incident is protected for use by accident investigation officers.
Control panel
Flight data acquisition unit
Flight data recorder
Accelerometer
Figure 4.1
Civil Aviation Flight University of China 5
NBAA 2003
6
Flight Data Recording & Airplane Condition Monitoring System)
NBAA 2003
On Model 737,757, and 767 airplanes the FDAU acquires airplane performance data for the Airplane Condition Monitoring System (ACMS). These data are for maintenance purpose. Airline personnel retrieve the ACMS data collected by the FDAU and use it to check the operation of airplane systems and engines. The engine data is particularly useful for identifying engine performance trends.