高中英语语法复习课件——虚拟语气

If only I could see him again next year!
要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
If only our parents could live with us!
要是我没错过火车就好了.
If only I hadn’t missed the train!
Exercises:
Subjunctive Mood
主句
would/should/could/ might have done would/should/could/ might do even if/ though, wish,, if only等从句 的虚拟与它相同。
时间 条件从句 if 过去 现在 将来
had done did/were 1.should do 2.were to do 3.did
与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)
If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/ could/might +动词原形
1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.
If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.
as if /though
区别：
He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA. 陈述语气 He speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA. 虚拟语气
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2. as if /though + Clause
2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.
If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.
If you __________tomorrow, you _________ find the new manager working in the office.
A. arrives C. had arrived
B. arrive D. has arrived
If he _________he ___________that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not have taken B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken
_________the exam, he would have attend a college. A. If he passed C. Were he passed B. Had he passed D. If he should pass
_______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive ________it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. Were B. should C. would D. will
现在： 过去： 将来 : did /were(现在) had done(过去)
would+Biblioteka Baidu词原形(将来)
She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
He speaks as if he had been to the United States.
虚拟语气
D. would have been warned; had not taken
I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she __________, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
If my lawyer _______here last Sunday, he _______ me from going . A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ___________to it. A. hadn’t gone C. didn’t go B. haven’t gone D. could not have gone
How I wish I __________that! Everybody present was angry with me. A. didn’t go C. wouldn’t do B. hadn’t done D. wasn’t doing
A. should come; would C. will come; should
B. would come; would D. comes; might
If the parents ______at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.
How I wish he had not left.
要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
5. If only
(1) …要是就好了 = I wish
If only I knew his name now! If only we had followed your advice last time!
wish引导的虚拟句
wish + that How I wish If only
did/were 现在 had done 过去
would / might /would do 将来
我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）
I wish I remembered the address. 要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）
If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气
与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形
1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。
If I were you, I would try it again.
The fish is not alive without water.
1. 虚拟语气的考点
1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法； 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；
4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；
5、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定。
if引导的虚拟条件句
区别:
If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved. 陈述语气
退一步
海阔天空
名词性从句中要求 用虚拟语气的动词
如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。 If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 从句表示现在，主句表示过去 如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。 If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now. 从句表示过去，主句表示现在 如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行 工作了。 If it hadn’t been raining those days, we should be going on with the works. 从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行
1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。
If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.
2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。
If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.
2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。
If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.
与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）
-----He is a brave man. -----Yes, I wish I _________his courage.
A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _____me how. A. teaches C. has taught B. will teach D. would teach
倒装的If虚拟句
条件状语的倒装：
如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒 装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他 If I were you, I would try it again. Were I you, I would try it again. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
Definition
虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人的一种 愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、 料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。
陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）用来陈述一个事实，或提 出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。
“ Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _______.” A. had B. did C. have D. will
I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went I wish I _________ you yesterday. A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。 （从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）
注意: 主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气 (混合条件句): 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句 中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时 动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加 以调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份 工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）