上海市宝山区2014届高三英语上学期期末考试试题(上海宝山一模)牛津上海版
上海市嘉定区2014届高三英语上学期期末考试试题(上海嘉定一模)牛津上海版
嘉定区2013学年度高三年级第一次质量调研英语试卷〔考试时间120分钟，总分为150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上。
〕第I卷〔共 103分〕I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.l.A.At a bakery. B.At a hotel.C.At a post office.D.At a birthday party.2. A. Librarian and student. B. Operator and caller.C. Boss and secretary.D.Customer and repairman.3. A. 30 minutes. B.60 minutes.C. 90 minutes.D. 120 minutes.4.A.A best sailor. B. A latest book.C.A good business.D.An exciting story.5. A.By going on a diet. B.By eating fruit and vegetables.C. By having fewer meals.D. By doing physical exercise.6. A.It was interesting and easy to follow. B. It was far beyond his understanding.C. It was as difficult as he had expected.D. It was long but easy to understand.7. A. The traffic is always very heavy. B. The man needn’t go to the airport.C. The subway is crowded at rush hours.D. The man had better take the subway.8. A. The woman prefers going out. B. The woman will make the decision.C. The man agrees with the woman.D. The man would rather stay inside.9. A. The man can tell Kelly the news the next day.B. The man shouldn’t tell Kelly the news at school.C.The man should tell Kelly’s brother the news.D. The man had better tell Kelly the news by himself.10. A. The match will be put off due to the rain.B. The rain isn’t likely to influence the man’s team.C. The result of the match is sure to be affected.D. The rain will help the man’s team win the match.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. To get better jobs. B. To save more money.C.To move into a larger apartment.D. To receive further education.12. A. It had family-friendly politics. B. It owned a child-care center on site.C. It offered its staff excellent benefits.D. It rewarded employees with apartments.13. A. Satisfied. B. Surprised.C. Confused.D. Interested.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Africa. B. Asia.C. Europe.D. South America.15. A. It’s a trade that is driven by customer appetites.B. The latest trick seems to be boosting business.C. You can hardly resist the temptation when seeing the pictures of food.D. With the new technology, sales on the table have risen by about 11%.16. A. Young people. B. Foreigners.C. Local people.D. Old people.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversationComplete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AEvery summer, Penny travels to a family reunion barbeque. Penny is never excited, and this year is no different. She is afraid of the drive.She does not like talking to her relatives. And she does not like the smell of hamburgers. (Penny is a vegetarian.)(25) ______ Penny arrives, she sees lots of familiar faces. It is July and Uncle Vernon (26) ______ (wear) a sweater. Uncle Vernon i s always cold. It’s very mysterious.She sees her cousin Polly. Polly has six children. The youngest one screams. Then the oldest one screams. Polly’s children are always screaming.She sees many of her other cousins in the field (27) ______ (play) softball. They play a softball game every year, (28) ______ always ends up in a big argument. Penny wonders, again, why they never solve it.Then Penny sees an incredibly handsome man. She stares at him. He catches her staring. He smiles and walks (29) ______ to her. Penny is very nervous. She is nervous because a handsome man is walking to her and she is nervous because this handsome man might be her cousin.The man sticks out his hand, (30)_____ (say), “Hi, I’m Paul.〞“Hi, I’m Penny,〞Penny says. “Are we related?〞Paul laughs. “No, we are not related. I am Vernon’s nurse. He is sick and needs (31) _____ (keep) me close by. But he did not want to miss this barbeque!〞“Oh, thank goodness,〞 Penny says and then blushes. Penny always blushes when she is nervous, embarrassed, or hot, and right now she is all three.Handsome Paul laughs and says, “Would you like to go get a hamburger with me?(32) ______ smell delicious.〞Penny smiles, “Sure. I love hamburgers!〞BBeware first-class travelers! Passengers sitting in the rear of a plane have the best chance of survival in an event of a crash, an extraordinary and costly aviation〔航空，飞行〕experiment ever (33) ______ (conduct) has revealed.In a unique aviation experiment recently, the 170-seat-Boeing 727 was made 〔34〕_____ _____ (crash) in a controlled manner in a remote part of Mexico’s Sonoran Desert. After pilot James Slocum jumped out of the plane at 2,500ft, the jet〔35〕______ (guide) into the ground by a pilot in a following Cessna via a remote-control device, the reporters reported. On board of the jet were three advanced crash-test dummies〔假人〕designed to move (36)_____ humans.They were arranged in three positions: one in the classic brace and wearing a seat-belt; one belted but not in the brace position; and one〔37〕______ belted nor in the brace. After the jet hit the ground nose-first, experts found that the dummy in the brace position would have survived the impact, (38) ______ one not in the brace would have suffered serious head injuries, and the dummy not wearing a seat-belt would have “died〞.Using this, experts predicted that 78 percent of passengers on board would have survived the impact,〔39〕______ all the first-class travelers would have died because the front of the fuselage〔机身〕broke apart when the plane comes down nose first. Those sitting at the back would have had the〔40〕______ (good) chance of survival.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once．Note that there is one word more than you need．Thirtee n years after the launch of Taobao, China has risen to become the world’s second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kindof statistic that 41 love, but it doesn’t really tell us anything about whyso many people like to buy so many things online.Is it because its easy? Is it because of the 42 selection? Is it because we want to feel 43 to others without leaving the house?Taobao was in fact a 44 to ebay’s entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma (马云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helpedto 45 the nature of online commerce in China—what it looks like, how it works, and, most 46 , who its users are.Taobao’s aesthetic (美学) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other 47 online retailers (零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its 48 of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were 49 with the users in mind: a young, increasingly“connected〞and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young peoplein China strongly 50 social interaction with their peers, so they made such interaction—everything from messaging to live chats to recommendations andreviews—a core part of the Taobao shopping experience.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones----the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines．But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly 51 to tear them all down and 52 them with greener versions．An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the 53 carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __54_energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the55 lost by destroying an old one．So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time, 56 half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our 57 , offices and other buildings．"You can't deal with climate 58 without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the 59 energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 60 over time and let in more outside61 .62 ,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from 63 ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 64 property ownersfrom rising power 65 .51. A. terrible B．wasteful C．wonderful D．useful52. A．put B．build C．replace D．take53. A．reduced B．increased C．used D．destroyed54. A．old B．fashionable C．new D．beautiful55. A．magazines B．trees C．materials D．resources56. A．nearly B．hardly C．rarely D．mostly57. A．libraries B．schools C．homes D．stores58. A．improvement B．appearance C．stability D．change59. A．most B．really C．very D．least60. A．expand B．narrow C．strengthenD．weaken61. A．dust B．air C．smoke D．water62. A．Oppositely B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Frankly63. A．historic B．worthless C．ordinary D．meaningless64. A．charge B．protect C．punish D．warn65. A．prices B．costs C．businesses D．bargainsSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read．AAmong all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease.Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloninga sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the government must take care to control gene technology.66. What does “these two killers〞 in the second paragraph refer to?A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.67. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.C. Gene technology can help people to give birth to a baby.D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.68. In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.B. Using gene technology, the scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.69. What is the main purpose of writing this passage?A. Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people.B. Telling people the disadvantages of gene technology.C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people.D. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity.BHomestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.Accommodation ZonesHomestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential. Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by underground.Meal Plans Available♢ Continental Breakfast♢ Breakfast and Dinner♢ Breakfast, Packed Lunch and DinnerIt’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal(谷物类食品), bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert, fruit and coffee.FriendsIf you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.Self-Catering Accommodation in Private HomesAccommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroomfacilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much.70. The passage is probably written for ______.A. hosts willing to receive foreign studentsB. foreigners hoping to know British cultureC. travelers planning to visit families in LondonD. English learners applying tolive in English homes71. Which of the following will the host provide?A. Room cleaning.B. Medical care.C. Free transport.D. Physical training.72. According to the passage, what does Continental Breakfast include?A. Dessert and coffee.B. Fruit and vegetables.C. Bread and fruit juice.D. Cereal and cold meat.73. Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?A. To experience a warmer family atmosphere.B. To enrich their knowledge of English.C. To entertain friends as they like.D. To enjoy much more freedom.CAre you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that things generally turn out forthe best? Do you believe that if something is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes〞to all ofthese questions, then you are an optimist. You probably areenthusiastic, cheerful and outgoing. You maybe successful at work and in love.But you may be misguided because things don’t turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example, you may fail to obtain a new job; another chance will come around soon). Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams (砰然关上) in your face. That’s bitter reality.Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along. It’s called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Itsauthor argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation’s outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.〞So far, so good.This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.〞And “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.〞 To have a confident and optimistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian says, “Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.〞There are pros and cons〔利与弊〕to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.74. What’s the passage mainly about?A. The benefits of defensive pessimism.B. A book that has recently been published.C. The dangers of being too optimistic.D. How to become successful in life.75. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science〞(Para. 4) means __________.A. there is no real proofB. it is quite simple to understandC. the cost is not so highD. it’s not a da ngerous thing to do76. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?A. Whatever will be, will be.B. The glass is half full not half empty.C. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.D. Every cloud has a silver lining.77. We can infer from the passage that the writer is probably __________.A. a realistB. an optimistC. a defeatistD. a scientist Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Stress for a teenager is as real a problem as stress for an adult. Therefore, it’s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular activities (课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes ca n weigh heavily on your child’s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.78. What does the passage mainly talk about?______________________________________________________.79. Poor academic performance causes stress for children because it tends________________________________________________.80. How can parents know that their teenagers are under stress?They can know that if their children __________________________________________ 81. The common causes of stress in teenagers introduced by the author are:_________________________________________ and extra curricular activities. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN THIRTEEN WORDS)第II卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.1、是采取严厉措施治理环境污染的时候了。
2024届上海市宝山区高三一模英语试卷(含答案)
2024届上海市宝山区高三一模英语试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2023.12I.Listening comprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and a question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.$20. B.$40. C.$60. D.$80.2. A.In a language lab. B.In a health center. C.In a museum. D.In a bookstore.3. A.On the bed. B.In the wardrobe. C.Under the lamp.D.Near the map.4. A.Shop assistant and customer. B.Husband and wife.C.Colleagues.D.Neighbors.5. A.He agrees with the woman on school life.B.He has much change after going to college.C.He dislikes his life on campus.D.He has remained the same since last year.6. A.He is lining up.B.He is jumping the queue unknowingly.C.He is complaining of the long queue.D.He is standing behind the woman.7. ing core vocabulary.B.Having a general knowledge of grammar.C.Remembering more words.D.Concentrating on the key words.8. A.She has failed in the final exams.B.She should focus on her study.C.She should not have been anxious.D.She shouldn't take too many courses.9. A.Ask his mum to pay for his study.B.Do some part-time jobs.C.Transfer to another school next semester.D.Talk about it with his mum.10. A.It is full of nonsense.B.It can hardly arouse the woman's interest.C.It should be lent to more people.D.It is appealing to him.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.A naturalist. B.A zoo specialist.C.A TV reporter.D.A nurse.12. A.They are gentle and shy. B.They are long-armed man-eatersC.They are good at smile from ear to ear.D.They are fierce animals.13. A.Many species in the world may die out.B.A good example can be followed to preserve wildlife.C.Women are encouraged to work for zoos.D.Our world is not safe today.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.Industrial management. cational subjects.C.Vocational subjects.puter-aided design.15. A.Admissions Tutors. B.Persons in the information office.C.Careers'tutors.D.Persons in the library.16. A.Foreign language. B.Work experience.cational background.D.Students'talent.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.Because they usually set fires at a wedding ceremony.B.Because people who receive them will give the couple a red envelop with money.C.Because they look like small bombs in a red envelop.D.Because Chinese people love red color especially at their wedding ceremonies.18. A.They often refer to a gift registry from the bride and groom.B.They directly ask the bride and groom for some advice.C.They usually buy whatever they like themselves.D.They prefer to buy some special and expensive gifts.19. A.They have to promise to be responsible for their family.B.They often promise to take care of each other's parents.C.They usually promise to love and care for each other.D.They need promise to bring a happy life to the other.20. A.Chinese love alcohol while Americans prefer wine instead.B.Chinese toast with dishes but Americans toast with a cake.C.In China people toast after dancing but in U.S.people tend to toast before dancing.D.In China the bride and groom toast the guests while in U.S.guests toast the couple.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammaticallycorrect.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.When people need to make important decisions,one of their first steps is usually to collect information about the issue at hand.And the more crucial the decision is,the more information people or businesses and organizations usually want.(21)_____computers are capable of collecting and analyzing far more information than human beings,it makes sense that organizations would use them for this purpose.This use and analysis of large amounts of information is known as big data.To decide if data sets count as big data,they are evaluated using three standards,(22)_____(know)as"the three Vs."The first is volume:Big data involves large amounts of data,most of(23)_____comes without structure or organization.The second is velocity meaning speed:Big data is received quickly because it often reaches the programs that use it directly from the internet.Many of these programs(24)_____(design)to adapt to changes in the data quickly as well.Finally,big data offers(25)_____(great)variety than traditional data, including more unstructured data.Because of the three Vs,human analysts can only work with big data with the help of computer programs designed to manage it.Businesses can use big data to help understand their customers,either as a group or individually.For example,some(26)_____(stream)websites rely on big data to suggest music or television offerings tailored to the user's interests.Big data can also help companies decide how much inventory(库存)they need so that they don't waste money producing and storing products that customers(27)_____not buy.In healthcare,programmers(28)_____(develop)tools to help doctors and patients to make medical decisions using big data.This can process information about specific patients from at-home medical devices such as heart-rate monitors.Governments can use big data(29)_____(plan)efficient public transportation systems and identify roads that need maintenance.When used for this purpose,big data is not controversial.But some oppose other uses of big data by governments(30)_______________they might impact on citizens'privacy in an attempt to control behavior.Big data can be a useful tool for many types of organizations that seek to use it to make better decisions to benefit people.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.invaluableB.roughlyC.satisfyingD.distractionE.simplyF.advantageG.reasonable H.performed I.schedule J.planned K.excellencePeople tend to think that productivity involves doing several things at once,but according to Cal Newport, the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking.Newport is the author of Deep Work,a book that describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with31.Newport defines deep work as"the ability to focus without32on a cognitively(认知地)demanding task."It's the opposite of shallow work,which is made up of simple tasks that are usually33while distracted.According to Newport,deep work is a(n)34skill in today's economy.It allows you to learn difficult things quickly and produce at a high level.Most people are distracted when they work,so you learn to work without distraction,that gives you35.Deep work enables you to produce to the best of your ability andacquire new skills quickly.Developing excellence in one's craft can be a deeply36try.But deep work itself is also a skill,which means the more time you spend at it,the easier it gets.Moreover,if you only work at a shallow level,your ability to do deep work decreases.So how do you conduct deep work into your work life or your studies?It's essentially important to37 deep work into your day.Otherwise,it's easy to let your time fill up with shallow work.Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day.That way you get it done before distractions build up.Shallow work does need to get done,but if you save it for later in the day,you can get your deep work done,too.Scheduling deep work sessions for the same time every day can turn them into a habit.This makes it easier to spend time on them.Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding,you won't be able to do it all day.Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for38an hour,and even experts have trouble going more than four hours. So set39goals for yourself.If you really focus,you'll be surprised at how much you accomplish in a few hours.By focusing on40sessions of deep work,you can get more done in less time and feel more satisfied. III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ideally,childhood is a time of growth and learning,preparing for adulthood and also having fun.But for many children around the world,this time is cut short when they are forced to work,sometimes in dangerous conditions.41,the United Nations(U.N.),some national governments and other organizations42June 12as the annual World Day Against Child Labor.As of2020,around160million children worked as child laborers,which means that one child in10was a child laborer.43,child labor has decreased over the past20years,but in recent years,this progress has stopped.Child labor is44from ordinary housework,helping with a family business or(for older children) working to earn pocket money when not in school.Work done by children is45as child labor when it harms the child physically,mentally,socially or46,or when it prevents the child's education.About79million children are engaged in hazardous child labor.Sometimes this means the work itself is dangerous because of heavy machinery or exposure to47.Hazardous child labor can also involve harsh conditions,long hours,or48to various kinds of abuse.The primary goal of the World Day Against Child Labor is raising49of the issue and encouraging individuals,organizations and governments bating(打击)child labor is a complex task.It involves social workers who identify child laborers and take action to provide these children and their families with other51.But it also involves change in communities as a whole,52the social regulations that can lead adults to make their children work.Child labor and poverty often go hand in hand as parents feel removing their children from school is necessary to earn money for their survival.So,measures meant to fight53are also tied to preventing child labor.Ensuring that children have quality educational opportunities is also important.If more opportunities were 54,more parents might give up the immediate benefit of a child's paycheck to give that child an education.Child labor is harmful to children and to communities,since it prevents children from growing into healthy, educated citizens who could make a(n)55in society.By highlighting the problem and offering a variety of solutions,the World Day Against Child Labor can make the situation a bit better.41.A.In addition B.As a result C.Above all D.After all42.A.recognize B.discover C.choose D.consider43.A.Nevertheless B.Therefore C.Overall D.Moreover44.A.distinguished B.transferred C.ranged D.evolved45.A.evaluated B.classified bined D.separated46.A.sincerely B.negatively C.positively D.morally47.A.chemicals B.lights C.wastes D.gases48.A.harm B.pollution C.exposure D.danger49.A.value B.awareness C.status D.significance50.A.take place B.take care C.take over D.take action51.A.options B.questions C.elements D.examples52.A.promoting B.urging C.challenging D.adjusting53.A.disease B.disaster C.survival D.poverty54.A.available B.sustainable C.accessible D.advisable55.A.choice B.difference C.effort D.decisionSection BDirections:Read the following four passages.Each passage is followed by several questions.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)During the Second World War,Dr.William Walsh served on a U.S.Navy ship in the South Pacific.While serving there,Walsh observed the poor health conditions in which the people of the South Pacific lived.After the war ended in1945,Walsh founded an organization called Project Hope.Its goal was to bring health education and care to people in poor countries around the world.In1958,Walsh convinced U.S.President Eisenhower to allow Project Hope to rent a U.S.Navy hospital ship for just one dollar a year.Many companies and ordinary people donated money to Project Hope.The organization used the funds to turn the navy ship into a civilian hospital ship called the SS Hope.During the next14years,the SS Hope traveled to every region of the world.Wherever it went,it provided health care for needy people and helped poor countries establish their own health care systems.In1974,the SS Hope was retired from service,and Project Hope began to provide health care on land instead.The story of the SS Hope inspired Don and Deyon Stephens to buy a passenger ship in1978and transform it into another hospital ship.Since then,their organization,called Mercy Ships,has sent ships equipped with medical supplies and hospital beds around the world.Doctors volunteer to travel on these vessels or ships and perform free surgeries on people who need them.They can correct people's vision,straighten bent limbs,remove facial tumors(肿块)and more.Mercy Ships also provides medical equipment for local health clinics and builds medical facilities. In addition,it teaches local people how to farm their land more effectively and more sustainably.56.What happened to the SS Hope in1974?A.It sank unexpectedly.B.It was fully repaired.C.It launched new services.D.It ceased operations.57.Who gave Walsh permission to use a ship for one dollar?A.An entertainer in America.B.Two American accountants.C.An America's top politician.D.Smart American investors.58.What does the article indicate about surgeries on Mercy Ships'vessels?A.They put physicians and nurses at risk.B.They're done at no charge to patients.C.They mainly benefit wealthy individuals.D.They've resulted in serious infections.59.According to this article,what do local people learn to do with the aid of Mercy Ships?A.Make a good living from tourism.B.Grow crops with greater success.C.Manufacture popular electronics.D.Establish education institutions.(B)From:Bridget Pecolini<*************************>To:Anson Wong<*********************>Re:Questions about online math contestDate:June18,2023Dear Mr.Wong,Thank you for your email.We're so glad your children are signed up to participate in our math contest.I hope it will be a rewarding and enriching experience for them.You can access the training session and practice tests by logging into our website at .Once you're signed in,you will see several tabs on the left-hand side.One of them will say"Enrolled."If you click on the drop-down menu there,you'll find the names of the children you registered.If you click on each name,you'll be given the option of joining a training session or doing practice tests.I hope that answers your question!Please let me know if you need any further help.Sincerely,Bridget Pecolini60.What can Gary do at the beginning of August?A.He can take a class to learn how to succeed.B.He can do the contests from two years ago.C.He can contact the contest organizers.D.He can try the most recent practice contest.61.Why did Bridget contact Anson?A.She was checking in on him.B.She was responding to his email.C.She was looking for information.D.She was asking him to pay.62.When does the official contest take place?A.It takes place on June18.B.It takes place on August7.C.It takes place on August12.D.It takes place on August14.(C)You constantly find yourself apologizing to a friend when you've done nothing wrong.You feel you must obey someone's demands,or they will be upset with you or even harm you or themselves.An unclear or specific threat is made that causes you to fear that someone will reveal a secret or weakness,so you do what that person wants.Or perhaps a relative is trying to make you feel obliged to do something by saying,"That's what friends or family do for each other."They arouse feelings of guilt in you for not meeting their needs.If you have had experience with any of these cases,then you are the victim of emotional blackmail(勒索). This style of handle controls you through your emotions.Fear,obligation and guilt-FOG-are used by an emotional blackmailer to get what they want from people.Anyone-a friend,colleague,parent,partner or other family members-could be that person.Their demands are intended to control their victim's behavior in unhealthy methods.Intentional or unintentional,if your needs are always brushed aside in favor of the other person's,things need to change.Dr.Susan Forward identifies six stages in emotional blackmail.Implied or obvious demands come first."I don't think you should do things with that person.They're not good for you."After this kind of statement,the ball is in the victim's court,so stage two is resistance.The victim often avoids the blackmailer or suggests alternatives instead of saying no.Stage three is persistent pressure by the blackmailer:"If we were really friends,you'd do it." Stage four involves threats:"If you don't do this...then I will..."The victim doesn't want the blackmailer to make good on their threats,so obedience,which is stage five,often leaves the victim feeling guilty or resentful.In stage six the blackmailer backs off until the next demand.What can you do?First,recognize if you are being pressured,threatened or controlled.Stay calm,and stop so you can consider other possibilities.Identify your triggers;don't be pressured into an immediate response.Offer a compromise(妥协).Tell the blackmailer how you feel,and give them a chance to acknowledge their behavior and change.If they won't,walk away from the relationship.Under no circumstances should you let your fears be used against you.63.According to the passage,emotional blackmail means______.A.a kind of emotion that can be mailed to others onlineB.a kind of action to influence others by means of emotionC.a colour that can greatly influence others'emotionD.a situation where emotion can be stored and given out freely64.What is the purpose of using Dr.Susan Forward's six stages in emotional blackmail?A.To illustrate the process of emotional blackmail.B.To explain the origin of emotional blackmail.C.To prove the existence of emotional blackmail.D.To demonstrate the theory of emotional blackmail.65.The word resentful in the last paragraph but one most probably means______.A.amazedB.frightenedC.indifferentD.angry66.We can conclude from the passage that______.A.wherever you are,it is impossible to avoid emotional blackmail in lifeB.whenever you're emotionally blackmailed,just let it be with no responseC.it's an advisable way to give a proper response when emotionally blackmailedD.it's a correct response to sincerely negotiate with emotional blackmailer thenSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.But this technology can be dangerous as well.B.You just need to have some experience with technology as well as a proper computer.C.Therefore,AI technology will be used more and more wildly in the future.D.AI text-to-image generators will become as common and easy to use as Google image search.E.Rather,it will categorize every possible detail.F.Meanwhile,the generator can help people to recognize various information accurately.Have you ever wondered what you would look like as a cartoon character or a marvel superhero?With the power of artificial intelligence(AI)text-to-image generators,you can create images just like that-without any art skills.67How does it work?AI text-to-image generators are trained through a process called machine learning.In this process,the generator's"brain"is fed massive numbers of images and learns to distinguish what they are.But the generator doesn't just learn to tell the difference between a banana and a balloon.68These pixel-level details are then stored in a mathematical space.When someone gives the generator a text passage such as"Doraemon riding a white horse,"the program uses algorithms(算法)to"think." Moments later,the program will create an entirely unique image that you requested.Some artists worry that they are being replaced by this technology.But other artists like to cooperate with the generator,using its power for ideas and inspiration.This powerful tool is now available to anyone through generators like Stable Diffusion and DALL-E.You can use them to create all kinds of imaginative images.69The dark sideGenerators like Stable Diffusion are trained using images that are gathered from all over the internet.But the training process doesn't exclude(排除)images that are violent or inappropriate,so the generators"learn"those as well.The DALL-E program comes with built-in filters that prevent it from generating perverse(变态的)images. But Stable Diffusion is an open-source technology,meaning that people can modify its code and remove the content filters.Despite this,Stable Diffusion's founder Emad Mostaque remains optimistic about how people will use his generator.He says,"The bad stuff that people create...will be a very,very small percentage of the total use."For better or for worse，70But don't generate anything you'd be ashamed to show your mother！IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Do you have a favorite podcast?That can be a difficult question to answer for some as there are so many options.That is because the world is full of interesting topics and thoughts about them.If you feel you have something engaging and valuable to share,start a podcast.A podcast is a series of audio episodes that cover a particular subject.The first step to creating a podcast is to find your topic.It's believed that the best topics are ones that you know a lot about and love.Another important step is to make sure you have the right equipment.While podcast equipment can be complex and expensive,it doesn't have to be.For your first podcast,you can simply rely on your phone and computer.You can record all of your audio on your phone.Then with your computer-and the right software-you can mix the audio.This is the process of putting your audio together into one perfect-sounding file.After you have your topic and equipment,you'll want to choose your format.Your podcast could be one person speaking,two people talking,or many people offering their opinions.Your podcast could also include more than one of these options.Once you've decided,you can start drafting your episodes.However,whatever format or formats you choose, maintain the same structure for each episode.The next step is to find a quiet place and do your recording.When you've completed your recording and audio mixing,you'll need to find a platform for your podcast. Luckily there are plenty of free and paid platform options on which to upload your podcast.Before uploading, make sure you have an interesting title and good tags for your show.Be sure to post about your show on social media.Get your podcast listed in a podcast directory,too.You want to get the word out about your podcast to grow your audience.Your podcast just might become someone's new favorite.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the word given in the brackets.72.坦白说，你昨天在会上表达的观点还是有争议的。
【2024届高三英语一模】宝山区2023学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷及答案
2023学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2023.12 I.Listening comprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $20. B. $40. C. $60. D. $80.2. A. In a language lab. B. In a health center. C. In a museum. D. In a bookstore.3. A. On the bed. B. In the wardrobe. C. Under the lamp. D. Near the map.4. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Husband and wife.C. Colleagues.D. Neighbors.5. A. He agrees with the woman on school life. B.He has much change after going to college.C.He dislikes his life on campus.D.He has remained the same since last year.6. A. He is lining up. B.He is jumping the queue unknowingly.C.He is complaining of the long queue.D.He is standing behind the woman.7. A. Using core vocabulary. B.Having a general knowledge of grammar.C.Remembering more words.D.Concentrating on the key words.8. A. She has failed in the final exams. B.She should focus on her study.C.She should not have been anxious.D.She shouldn't take too many courses.9. A. Ask his mum to pay for his study. B.Do some part-time jobs.C.Transfer to another school next semester.D.Talk about it with his mum.10. A. It is full of nonsense. B.It can hardly arouse the woman's interest.C.It should be lent to more people.D.It is appealing to him.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will bespoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A naturalist. B. A zoo specialist.C. A TV reporter.D. A nurse.12. A. They are gentle and shy. B. They are long-armed man-eatersC. They are good at smile from ear to ear.D. They are fierce animals.13. A. Many species in the world may die out. B. A good example can be followed to preserve wildlife.C.Women are encouraged to work for zoos.D.Our world is not safe today.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Industrial management. B. Educational subjects.C. V ocational subjects.D. Computer-aided design.15. A. Admissions Tutors. B. Persons in the information office.C. Careers' tutors.D. Persons in the library.16. A. Foreign language. B. Work experience.C. Educational background.D. Students' talent.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Because they usually set fires at a wedding ceremony.B.Because people who receive them will give the couple a red envelop with money.C.Because they look like small bombs in a red envelop.D.Because Chinese people love red color especially at their wedding ceremonies.18. A. They often refer to a gift registry from the bride and groom.B.They directly ask the bride and groom for some advice.C.They usually buy whatever they like themselves.D.They prefer to buy some special and expensive gifts.19. A. They have to promise to be responsible for their family.B.They often promise to take care of each other's parents.C.They usually promise to love and care for each other.D.They need promise to bring a happy life to the other.20. A. Chinese love alcohol while Americans prefer wine instead.B.Chinese toast with dishes but Americans toast with a cake.C.In China people toast after dancing but in U.S. people tend to toast before dancing.D.In China the bride and groom toast the guests while in U.S. guests toast the couple.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When people need to make important decisions, one of their first steps is usually to collect information about the issue at hand. And the more crucial the decision is, the more information people or businesses and organizations usually want. (21) computers are capable of collecting and analyzing far more information than human beings, it makes sense that organizations would use them for this purpose. This use and analysis of large amounts of information is known as big data.To decide if data sets count as big data, they are evaluated using three standards, (22) (know) as "the three Vs." The first is volume: Big data involves large amounts of data, most of (23) comes without structure or organization. The second is velocity meaning speed: Big data is received quickly because it often reaches the programs that use it directly from the internet. Many of these programs (24) (design) to adapt to changes in the data quickly as well. Finally, big data offers (25) (great) variety than traditional data, including more unstructured data. Because of the three Vs, human analysts can only work with big data with the help of computer programs designed to manage it.Businesses can use big data to help understand their customers, either as a group or individually. For example, some (26) (stream) websites rely on big data to suggest music or television offerings tailored to the user's interests. Big data can also help companies decide how much inventory (库存) they need so that they don't waste money producing and storing products that customers (27) not buy.In healthcare, programmers (28) (develop) tools to help doctors and patients to make medical decisions using big data. This can process information about specific patients from at-home medical devices such as heart-rate monitors.Governments can use big data (29) (plan) efficient public transportation systems and identify roads that need maintenance. When used for this purpose, big data is not controversial. But some oppose other uses of big data by governments (30) they might impact on citizens' privacy in an attempt to control behavior.Big data can be a useful tool for many types of organizations that seek to use it to make better decisions to benefit people.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.People tend to think that productivity involves doing several things at once, but according to Cal Newport, the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking. Newport is the author of Deep Work, a book that describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with 31 .Newport defines deep work as "the ability to focus without 32 on a cognitively (认知地) demanding task." It's the opposite of shallow work, which is made up of simple tasks that are usually 33 while distracted. According to Newport, deep work is a(n) 34 skill in today's economy. It allows you to learn difficult things quickly and produce at a high level. Most people are distracted when they work, so you learn to work without distraction, that gives you 35 . Deep work enables you to produce to the best of your ability and acquire new skills quickly. Developing excellence in one's craft can be a deeply 36 try. But deep work itself is also a skill, which means the more time you spend at it, the easier it gets. Moreover, if you only work at a shallow level, your ability to do deep work decreases.So how do you conduct deep work into your work life or your studies? It's essentially important to 37 deep work into your day. Otherwise, it's easy to let your time fill up with shallow work. Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day. That way you get it done before distractions build up. Shallow work does need to get done, but if you save it for later in the day, you can get your deep work done, too.Scheduling deep work sessions for the same time every day can turn them into a habit. This makes it easier to spend time on them.Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding, you won't be able to do it all day. Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for 38 an hour, and even experts have trouble going more than four hours. So set 39 goals for yourself. If you really focus, you'll be surprised at how much you accomplish in a few hours.By focusing on 40 sessions of deep work, you can get more done in less time and feel more satisfied. III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ideally, childhood is a time of growth and learning, preparing for adulthood and also having fun. But for many children around the world, this time is cut short when they are forced to work, sometimes in dangerous conditions.41 , the United Nations (U.N.), some national governments and other organizations 42 June 12 as the annual World Day Against Child Labor.As of 2020, around 160 million children worked as child laborers, which means that one child in 10 was a child laborer. 43 , child labor has decreased over the past 20 years, but in recent years, this progress has stopped. Child labor is 44 from ordinary housework, helping with a family business or (for older children) working to earn pocket money when not in school. Work done by children is 45 as child labor when it harms the child physically, mentally, socially or 46 , or when it prevents the child's education.About 79 million children are engaged in hazardous child labor. Sometimes this means the work itself is dangerous because of heavy machinery or exposure to 47 . Hazardous child labor can also involve harsh conditions, long hours, or 48 to various kinds of abuse.The primary goal of the World Day Against Child Labor is raising 49 of the issue and encouraging individuals, organizations and governments to 50 . Combating(打击) child labor is a complex task. It involves social workers who identify child laborers and take action to provide these children and their families with other 51 . But it also involves change in communities as a whole, 52 the social regulations that can lead adults to make their children work.Child labor and poverty often go hand in hand as parents feel removing their children from school is necessary to earn money for their survival. So, measures meant to fight 53 are also tied to preventing child labor. Ensuring that children have quality educational opportunities is also important. If more opportunities were 54 , more parents might give up the immediate benefit of a child's paycheck to give that child an education.Child labor is harmful to children and to communities, since it prevents children from growing into healthy, educated citizens who could make a(n) 55 in society. By highlighting the problem and offering a variety of solutions, the World Day Against Child Labor can make the situation a bit better.41. A. In addition B. As a result C. Above all D. After all42. A. recognize B. discover C. choose D. consider43. A. Nevertheless B. Therefore C. Overall D. Moreover44. A. distinguished B. transferred C. ranged D. evolved45. A. evaluated B. classified C. combined D. separated46. A. sincerely B. negatively C. positively D. morally47. A. chemicals B. lights C. wastes D. gases48. A. harm B. pollution C. exposure D. danger49. A. value B. awareness C. status D. significance50. A. take place B. take care C. take over D. take action51. A. options B. questions C. elements D. examples52. A. promoting B. urging C. challenging D. adjusting53. A. disease B. disaster C. survival D. poverty54. A. available B. sustainable C. accessible D. advisable55. A. choice B. difference C. effort D. decisionSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)During the Second World War, Dr. William Walsh served on a U.S. Navy ship in the South Pacific. While serving there, Walsh observed the poor health conditions in which the people of the South Pacific lived.After the war ended in 1945, Walsh founded an organization called Project Hope. Its goal was to bring health education and care to people in poor countries around the world. In 1958, Walsh convinced U.S. President Eisenhower to allow Project Hope to rent a U.S. Navy hospital ship for just one dollar a year. Many companies and ordinary people donated money to Project Hope. The organization used the funds to turn the navy ship into a civilian hospital ship called the SS Hope.During the next 14 years, the SS Hope traveled to every region of the world. Wherever it went, it provided health care for needy people and helped poor countries establish their own health care systems. In 1974, the SS Hope was retired from service, and Project Hope began to provide health care on land instead.The story of the SS Hope inspired Don and Deyon Stephens to buy a passenger ship in 1978 and transform it into another hospital ship. Since then, their organization, called Mercy Ships, has sent ships equipped with medicalsupplies and hospital beds around the world. Doctors volunteer to travel on these vessels or ships and perform free surgeries on people who need them. They can correct people's vision, straighten bent limbs, remove facial tumors (肿块) and more. Mercy Ships also provides medical equipment for local health clinics and builds medical facilities. In addition, it teaches local people how to farm their land more effectively and more sustainably.56.What happened to the SS Hope in 1974?A.It sank unexpectedly.B.It was fully repaired.C.It launched new services.D.It ceased operations.57.Who gave Walsh permission to use a ship for one dollar?A.An entertainer in America.B.Two American accountants.C.An America's top politician.D.Smart American investors.58.What does the article indicate about surgeries on Mercy Ships' vessels?A.They put physicians and nurses at risk.B.They're done at no charge to patients.C.They mainly benefit wealthy individuals.D.They've resulted in serious infections.59.According to this article, what do local people learn to do with the aid of Mercy Ships?A.Make a good living from tourism.B.Grow crops with greater success.C.Manufacture popular electronics.D.Establish education institutions.(B)From:BridgetPecolini<*************************>To:AnsonWong<*********************>Re: Questions about online math contest Date: June 18, 2023Dear Mr.Wong,Thank you for your email. We're so glad your children are signed up to participate in our math contest. I hope it will be a rewarding and enriching experience for them.You can access the training session and practice tests by logging into our website at . Once you're signed in, you will see several tabs on the left-hand side.One of them will say "Enrolled." If you click on the drop-down menu there, you'll find the names of the children you registered. If you click on each name, you'll be given the option of joining a training session or doing practice tests.I hope that answers your question!Please let me know if you need any further help. Sincerely,Bridget Pecolini60.What can Gary do at the beginning of August?A.H e can take a class to learn how to succeed.B.He can do the contests from two years ago.C.H e can contact the contest organizers.D.He can try the most recent practice contest.61.Why did Bridget contact Anson?A.S he was checking in on him.B.She was responding to his email.C.S he was looking for information.D.She was asking him to pay.62.When does the official contest take place?A.I t takes place on June 18.B. It takes place on August 7.C. It takes place on August 12.D. It takes place on August 14.(C)You constantly find yourself apologizing to a friend when you've done nothing wrong. You feel you must obey someone's demands, or they will be upset with you or even harm you or themselves. An unclear or specific threat is made that causes you to fear that someone will reveal a secret or weakness, so you do what that person wants. Or perhaps a relative is trying to make you feel obliged to do something by saying,"That's what friends or family do for each other." They arouse feelings of guilt in you for not meeting their needs.If you have had experience with any of these cases, then you are the victim of emotional blackmail (勒索). This style of handle controls you through your emotions. Fear, obligation and guilt - FOG - are used by an emotional blackmailer to get what they want from people.Anyone - a friend, colleague, parent, partner or other family members - could be that person. Their demands are intended to control their victim's behavior in unhealthy methods. Intentional or unintentional, if your needs are always brushed aside in favor of the other person's, things need to change.Dr. Susan Forward identifies six stages in emotional blackmail. Implied or obvious demands come first. "I don't think you should do things with that person. They're not good for you." After this kind of statement, the ball is in the victim's court, so stage two is resistance. The victim often avoids the blackmailer or suggests alternatives instead of saying no. Stage three is persistent pressure by the blackmailer: "If we were really friends, you'd do it." Stage four involves threats: "If you don't do this...then I will ..." The victim doesn't want the blackmailer to make good on their threats, so obedience, which is stage five, often leaves the victim feeling guilty or resentful. In stage six the blackmailer backs off until the next demand.What can you do? First, recognize if you are being pressured, threatened or controlled. Stay calm, and stop so you can consider other possibilities. Identify your triggers; don't be pressured into an immediate response. Offer a compromise (妥协). Tell the blackmailer how you feel, and give them a chance to acknowledge their behavior and change. If they won't, walk away from the relationship. Under no circumstances should you let your fears be used against you.63.According to the passage, emotional blackmail means .A. a kind of emotion that can be mailed to others onlineB. a kind of action to influence others by means of emotionC. a colour that can greatly influence others' emotionD. a situation where emotion can be stored and given out freely64.What is the purpose of using Dr. Susan Forward's six stages in emotional blackmail?A.To illustrate the process of emotional blackmail.B.To explain the origin of emotional blackmail.C.To prove the existence of emotional blackmail.D.To demonstrate the theory of emotional blackmail.65.The word resentful in the last paragraph but one most probably means .A.amazed frightened indifferent angry66.We can conclude from the passage that .A.wherever you are, it is impossible to avoid emotional blackmail in lifeB.whenever you're emotionally blackmailed, just let it be with no responseC.it's an advisable way to give a proper response when emotionally blackmailedD.it's a correct response to sincerely negotiate with emotional blackmailer thenSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Have you ever wondered what you would look like as a cartoon character or a marvel superhero? With the power of artificial intelligence (AI) text-to-image generators, you can create images just like that - without any art skills.67How does it work?AI text-to-image generators are trained through a process called machine learning. In this process, the generator's "brain" is fed massive numbers of images and learns to distinguish what they are. But the generator doesn't just learn to tell the difference between a banana and a balloon.68 These pixel-level details are then stored in a mathematical space. When someone gives the generatora text passage such as "Doraemon riding a white horse," the program uses algorithms (算法) to "think." Moments later, the program will create an entirely unique image that you requested.Some artists worry that they are being replaced by this technology. But other artists like to cooperate with the generator, using its power for ideas and inspiration.This powerful tool is now available to anyone through generators like Stable Diffusion and DALL-E. You can use them to create all kinds of imaginative images. 69The dark sideGenerators like Stable Diffusion are trained using images that are gathered from all over the internet. But the training process doesn't exclude (排除) images that are violent or inappropriate, so the generators "learn" those as well. The DALL-E program comes with built-in filters that prevent it from generating perverse (变态的) images. But Stable Diffusion is an open-source technology, meaning that people can modify its code and remove the content filters. Despite this, Stable Diffusion's founder Emad Mostaque remains optimistic about how people will use his generator. He says, "The bad stuff that people create ... will be a very, very small percentage of the total use."For better or for worse，70 But don't generate anything you'd be ashamed to show your mother！IV.Summary Writing71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Do you have a favorite podcast? That can be a difficult question to answer for some as there are so many options. That is because the world is full of interesting topics and thoughts about them. If you feel you have something engaging and valuable to share, start a podcast.A podcast is a series of audio episodes that cover a particular subject. The first step to creating a podcast is to find your topic. It's believed that the best topics are ones that you know a lot about and love.Another important step is to make sure you have the right equipment. While podcast equipment can be complex and expensive, it doesn't have to be. For your first podcast, you can simply rely on your phone and computer. You can record all of your audio on your phone. Then with your computer - and the right software - you can mix the audio. This is the process of putting your audio together into one perfect-sounding file.After you have your topic and equipment, you'll want to choose your format. Your podcast could be one person speaking, two people talking, or many people offering their opinions. Your podcast could also include more than one of these options.Once you've decided, you can start drafting your episodes. However, whatever format or formats you choose, maintain the same structure for each episode. The next step is to find a quiet place and do your recording.When you've completed your recording and audio mixing, you'll need to find a platform for your podcast. Luckily there are plenty of free and paid platform options on which to upload your podcast. Before uploading, make sure you have an interesting title and good tags for your show. Be sure to post about your show on social media. Get your podcast listed in a podcast directory, too. You want to get the word out about your podcast to grow your audience. Your podcast just might become someone's new favorite.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets.72.坦白说，你昨天在会上表达的观点还是有争议的。
2014届上海市各区高三英语一模——十选九汇编
宝山区Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The next time you’re riding a subway or bus, pay attention to your fellow passengers. Chances are you’ll see plenty of them with their heads down, tapping the screens of their tablets or 41 on their smartphones. While these folks may be making good use of their time by staying 42 , their bodies are paying a heavy price for such convenience.As hand-held devices such as smartphones and tablets are becoming more common, users are reporting some new 43 problems. Florida chiropractor (脊椎按摩师) Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of his patients 44 of neck and shoulder pain. He traced these 45 to the overuse of hand-held devices, specifically the action of bending the neck, and created the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to 46 spinal (脊柱的) damage. He founded the Text Neck Institute in an effort to treat and educate those suffering from Text Neck. Treatments offered there include chiropractic care, physical therapy, massage therapy and exercise planning.In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck, use the following basic principles:●Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain (滥用) your neck, and stay aware of how your body is 47in relation to the device.●Take frequent 48 when using any kind of mobile device.●When using a tablet, use a case that can back up the device at comfortable 49 angle.For those who 50 can’t take their eyes off their devices, there is an ironic twist – downloading a special app（应用程序）could help. Dr. Fishman has released an app called the Text Neck Indicator App, which measures the angle of your smartpphone. When the angle is appropriate, a green light appears in the upper corner of your screen. But when the angle puts you at risk for neck strain, the light turns red, obliging you to adjust your angle.崇明县The idea of the youth hostel (旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the 41 .He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was 42 by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to 43 the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had 44 far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.And then, in the year 1932, a(n) 45 organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get 46 accommodation in exchange zhucanqi for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores (家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the 47 to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class 48 and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain 49 , but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the 50 of staying in a youth hostel.奉贤区You watch a sad ilm and get caught up in your emotions. You cry your eyes out at the 41 plot — you feel sad or the characters i they suer, or happy or them when they are successul. It is only when the movie is over that you realize that what you were watching is not real.But why couldn’t you accept that when you were so 42 in the movie? It was reported that people simply cannot think emotionally and logically at the same time.It has long been known that something dierent goes on in our brain when we use logic, rather than responding to something emotionally. Thinking logically is a step-by-step 43 , in which people make decisions through 44 and ind answers sensibly. When we think emotionally, we look at things rom someone else’s point o view and try to eel their pain.Now scientists have ound that thinking logically and emotionally are like the two ends o a (跷板) — when we’re busy sympathizing, the part o the brain used or cold, hard 45is restricted. And it’s also true the other way round.To come to this 46 , scientists gathered 45 people — men and women — to take brain scans as they solved dierent kinds o puzzles. Some o the puzzles were 47 and involved math and physics and others were social problems that required participants to put themselves in other people’s shoes.Scientists ound that when participants were doing a math problem, the region in their brain that is 48 with logical thinking lit up, and when asked to make emotional decisions, the region or emotional thinking lit up. But the most interesting part is that when asked to solve problems that required both logical and emotional 49 , the participants always used one o the regions at a time while the other one went dark.However, people sometimes ended up using the wrong one. This explains why some people are good at solving complex math problems but have poor social skills. And why even the smartest people get taken in by ake but 50 stories.虹口区There is atendencyto think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, however, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the 41 areas of human activity. For example, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were 42 close. Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired by the work of 43 painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition .Mussorgsky 44 the piece in 1874 after the death, at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 45 death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to 46 his grief by writing something in 47 of Hartmann.The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The t en pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are 48 as symbols rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade （舞曲中的行进）, as the composer walks from one painting to another. The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost alarming and frightening. Through a range of surprising 49 , Mussorgsky manages to 50 the spirit of the artist and his work. 黄浦区Here are four simple, healthy and, dare we say, fun ways to help you slim down and stay healthy.Have your cake …for breakfastAside from being depressing, the way to __41__ weight loss isn’t by feeling deprived.Scientists say that people who started off the day with a __42__ felt fuller and more satisfied, and that led to their sticking with the program as the day went on. Being hungry is no way to start your day, so __43__ up with protein and a mouthful of something sweet. And most of all, enjoy!Sleep your way to weight lossDr. Andrew Calvin, one expert of Mayo Clinic study, is quoted as saying, “If individuals are seeking to maintain a healthy weight or to lose weight, they should seek to get enough sleep on a __44__ basis.”If you find it tricky to wind down at night, turn off the __45__ and engage in relaxing activities, like taking a bath or listening to __46__ music.Journal to drop poundsThe best __47__ for a dieter? Pen and paper! Women who wrote down everything they ate lost more weight th an those who didn’t track their food intake. Journaling makes you accountable and more aware of what you’re eating, so it makes sense that it’ll keep you from __48__ chewing if you aren’t actually hungry. Even a tiny bit of exercise helps your healthEven 20 to 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the weeks (broken up into smaller chunks is fine) reduces your risk for all sorts of physical ills. And even 20 minutes a week can improve your mood. Thatreally stuck with me. It’s easy to criticize ourse lves or burn out if we make goals that are __49__ hard to achieve, but walking a few times a week is __50__ – and meaningful, too.嘉定区Thirteen years after the launch of Taobao, China has risen to become the world’s second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kind of statistic that 41 love, but it doesn’t really tell us anything about why so many people like to buy so many things online.Is it because its easy? Is it because of the 42 selection? Is it because we want to feel 43 to others without leaving the house?Taobao was in fact a 44 to ebay’s entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma(马云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helped to 45 the nature of online commerce in China—what it looks like, how it works, and, most 46 , who its users are.T aobao’s aesthetic (美学) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other 47 online retailers(零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its 48 of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were 49 with the users in mind: a young, increasingly “connected” and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young people in China strongly 50 social interaction with their peers, so they made such interaction—everything from messaging to live chats to recommendations and reviews—a core part of the Taobao shopping experience.金山区Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and, at its best, it makes little environmental influence. But with ___41___ numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness, it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively (不引人注目地) and leave no mark.Wild camping is not permitted in many places, ___42___ in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are, find out about organizations ___43___ for managing wild spaces, and ___44___ them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example, it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland, but in England you must ask the landowner’s ___45___, except in national parks.Camping is about having relaxation, sleeping outdoors, ___46___ bad weather, and making food without modern conveniences. A busy, fully-equipped campsite seems to go against this, so ___47___ out smaller, more remote places with easy ___48___ to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still, find a campsite with no road access: walking in makes a real adventure.Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to ___49___ a good night’s sleep. Choose a campsite withprivacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have ___50___ camped before rather than creating a new spot. Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found, not made—changing it should be unnecessary.静安区who come to you with unconnected knowledge, talking about, say, Vitamin B12 and other modern__41__. When they ask advice, begin at that level. Unless you start at their own level, they will not be able to understand. You must explain to them in scientific terms the effects of the food they eat, and how they need to __42__it.You have to train yourself to be very__43__. Staying at one level is not being a free man. If we stay at a very high level all the time, that is not practical. A limitless person goes __44__from one level of thinking to another, according to his circumstances. To do this we must get rid of our unwillingness to change our way of thinking or behavior, become friends with everyone, and have the same loving feelings for everyone. Then we can give advice to all kinds of people. If there is someone or something you dislike, you are still__45__, and your ability to give advice is reduced. For anyone, the same. A free person acts like that.You cannot stay with a sick person all the time. You must __46__ a person’s freedom as much as you can. If people really want to die, let them—it is their freedom. The point is never to become an authority__47__; remain a friend or advisor. People should not come back __48__for consultation; if they do, your advice has been incomplete—you did not know how to give the __49__advice about freedom. If they do not understand that, sick people become slaves; they are still afraid inside, and are__50__. That is no way to build a healthy world and help people become happy and free.闵行区In the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone 41 . More are likely to follow. In March the 42 of a large-scale, 24-year survey gave one of the clearest pictures yet of the decline of Australian and Asian shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟) that are most difficult to 43 . The results of the survey are awful.Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern third of the continent. Their 44 showed a steady decline, beginning in the mid-1980s. By 2006 the number of migratory shorebirds had dropped by 73 percent and the number of Australia’s resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The45 of the decline took us by surprise,”says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University of Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report.The survey 46 that inland wetlands were more important to both resident and migratory birds than had been 47 , and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion(分散) of river water forirrigation was at least in part 48 for the shorebird decline in Australia. But wetlands are becoming smaller in countries all along the major flyway that 49 from eastern Siberia to New Zealand, the study’s authors note, so protecting the 8 million birds that use the corridor 50 will require an international solution.浦东新区We need more men in our hospital, not as doctors, but as nurses. Over the last few years, I have found that having male nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital. There are several reasons for wanting male nurses here, not only because half the population in our country is male. Men ____41____ excellent carers and are ____42____ good at taking care of others. In fact, many men take good care of their children, wives, parents, sisters, brothers, and even their nieces and nephews.Another reason that men can become great nurses is that in general, men are ____43____ stronger than women. Male nurses can help ____44____ heavy objects, or if, for example, a patient cannot move from the waist down, male nurses can help move the patient into a comfortable ____45____. Also, male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients ____46____ while they receive painful treatment, such as when bandages covering wounds are changed. Another advantage to having male nurses is that they see things from a different ____47____ from women and bring a male way of thinking to problem-solving. This allows the hospital to work more effectively than if we only ____48____ problems one way. Having a mix of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster.Currently, only 7 percent of our nursing staff are men; this number is far too low, and the problem requires correction. Having more male nurses will help create a positive ____49____ between male and female staff, and it will ____50____ patients the choice of a male or female carer. I am determined to take on more male nurses here at Central Hospital. I will be organizing an open day soon to allow interested young men to visit our hospital and find out more about nursing. Hopefully, we will have more male nurses in our hospital soon!普陀区Modern inventions have speeded up people’s loves amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, __41__ cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at __42__ speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts of saving __43__ seconds in handling tasks.All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the __44__ feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind on another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers.Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists; too much use may send harmful radiation into our brains, a __45__ we do not like to think about.However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed to __46__ activities that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the __47__ of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might __48__ a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestor faced: they __49__ with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern __50__ has freed people from that primitive (原古的) existence.青浦区Ducks offer certain advantages over hens. Ducks are immune to some 41diseases found in hens. Some breeds of duck produce bigger eggs than hens. In 42 , ducks lay eggs over a longer season than hens do.Poultry (禽类) keepers with gardens have less to worry about if they keep ducks rather than hens because the former are unlikely to dig up plants and destroy roots. While both hens and ducks 43 the garden by eating pests, hens are known to damage grass beds. Ducks, on the other hand, will search for insects more 44 . Only very delicate plants are at risk from the broad, webbed feet of ducks.Like all waterbirds, ducks need 45 to water, and duck keepers typically provide this by building a pond. Something this large is not absolutely necessary, however, ducks need only to be able to 46 their heads in the water to keep their nose clean. If a pond is provided, though, it is important to keep baby ducks away from it until they are old enough to put up with the cool temperature of the water.When 47 ducks, one has to consider just how many the land will support. The rule is generally about 100 ducks per acre. If more than this proportion is introduced, there is a risk of pressing the soil, which can lead to 48 conditions for long periods as the rain is not easily absorbed into the ground.While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given a greater quantity of food, especially if regular eggs are 49 . An adult duck will eat between 170 to 200 grams of food a day. If the ducks live near grass and a pond, they will be able to find for themselves approximately 70% of their daily dietary requirements in warmer months but less than half that in colder times. Therefore, it is important that they be 50 onenough food, such as grain, every day.松江区When asked about one interview candidate who impressed her most, Christine, an HR manager at aninvestment company cited an example of a(n) 41 who had prepared well. “He seemed very prepared to work for our company during the interview. He 42 good research on the company’s core business and also the industry in gener al,” she said.This suggests that HR managers expect candidates to do their homework 43 , but how? Here are some tips to 44 your chances of getting a job.Search the Web and research the 45 of the company and the people who you think are going to be interviewing you. Learn exactly what it is that they do and how you would fit in with the company. Most importantly, try to understand the “culture” of the company, which is to say its underlying 46 ; the HR departments often state missions and give 47 statements. You need to communicate in a way that 48 their company standards; this will show that you can fit in that organization. Understand a little of what their 49 are doing. This will show that you’ve bothered to find out where thei r position in the market is.Just as important is your own personal preparation. Think about the key things you want to communicate and why you would be ideal for the job. Think about how you can sound 50 without sounding desperate -- how you can sell yourself.Generally, wear a suit (and also a tie for guys), but the dress code depends on the job you are going for. When you study the company culture, check what is expected in this area also.徐汇区Although many companies offer tuition repayment, most companies only repay employees for classes that are 41_____ to their position. This is a very limiting policy. A company that repays employees for all college credit courses—whether job related or not—offers a service not only to the employees, but to the entire company.One good reason for giving employees 42 _____ tuition repayment is that it shows the company’s commitment to its employees. In today’s economy, where job security is a thing of the past and employees feel more and more expendable, it is important for a company to 43 _____ to its employees that it cares. The best way to do this is with concrete 44 _____ in them. In turn, this commitment to the betterment of company employees will create greater employee 45_____. A company that puts out funds to pay for the education of its employees will get its money 46_____ by having employees stay with the company longer. It will reduce employee turnover, because even employees who don’t take advantage of the tuition repayment program will be more loyal to their company just knowing that their company cares 47_____ to pay for their education. Most importantly, the company that has an unrestricted tuition repayment program will have higher quality employees. Although these companies do indeed run the risk of losing money on employees who go on to another job in a different company as soon as they get their 48_____, more often than not, the employee will stay with the company.And even if employees do leave after graduation, it generally takes several years to complete any degree program. Thus, even if the employee leaves upon graduating, throughout those years, the employer will have a more sophisticated, more intelligent, and therefore more valuable and productive employee. And, if the employee stays, that education will 49_____ benefit the company: Not only is the employee more educated, but now that employee can be 50_____ so the company doesn’t have to fill a high-level vacancy from the outside. Open positions can be filled by people who already know the company well. Though unconditional tuition repayment r equires a significant investment on the employer’s part, it is perhaps one of the wisestinvestments a company can make.杨浦区Take NASA for example.In order to catch NASA’s eye, would-be astronauts must not only stand out in required skills and pass physical and psychological exams, but also find unique ways to __41__ themselves from the harsh competition.NASA’s requirements for becoming an astronaut have changed over the years. Originally, it __42__ candidates with a military flight background, with at least 1,000 hours spent in command of a jet aircraft. In 1978, however, NASA __43__ its focus to a more varied group of astronauts: scientists and engineers with at least three years of experience in their respective fields.During the years of shuttle missions, everyone had a __44__: some would focus on robotics, others on spacewalks or maintenance. To work on the space station, astronauts must be able to perform all tasks, which encourage __45__ to acquire different experiences. Jeanette Epps, an astronaut, studied aerospace engineering, worked at Ford Motor Company and took a job with the CIA before joining NASA. She says astronauts’varied backgrounds __46__ to their ability to adapt and learn anything quickly.After ensuring that candidates are U.S. citizens and that they satisfy __47__ education and experience requirements, the selection committee enters a gray area. “We’re not really looking for one thing, just a good mix of things,” said Duane Ross, the manager for astronaut candidate selection and training.To the committee, candidates who take on __48__ outside of the workplace demonstrate curiosity and energy. Many astronauts who don’t have a military background do hold a(n) __49__ piloting license. Some are enthusiastic mountain climbers, scuba divers or skiers. Others are musicians, dancers, or play competitive sports. Choosing to __50__ themselves to different, extreme environments counts as another way to stand out from the crowd.闸北区Among the note-taking forms in today’s US schools, the Cornell method is widely recommended. Providing a form for concentrating and organizing notes, the Cornell method sets up a system to direct students to ___41___ the paper into two columns. The note-taking column, which is usually on the right, is twice the size of the key word column on the left. The student should leave five to seven lines blank, at the bottom of the page. zhucanqiNotes from a lecture or teaching occupy the note-taking column which ___42___ contain the main ideas of the textbook or lecture. Most ___43___ ideas and long sentences are avoided while ___44___ or abbreviations（缩写）are preferred instead. To assist with future reviews, ___45___thoughts or questions should be noted down as soon as possible so that the students may ___46___ to these points for reflection or further research. The key-word column is a(n) ___47___ place to note down these ideas. These ideas may laterturn into potential research results as students are always encouraged to reflect on the notes ___48___ or go deep into the questions further.Within 24 hours after the note-taking, the student must revise and then produce a short summary in the bottom space. Such move helps him to ___49___ the topic better. When preparing for a test, the student has ___50___ to a brief but detailed record of the previous classes.长宁区Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather — and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and snowstorms —any ___41___ fails rapidly. Errors and uncertainties ___42___, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风) ___43___ satellites can see.The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, pressure, dampness, and any other quantity a meteorologist (气象工作者) would want. Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful computer takes all the data and ___48___ what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 …The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.各区答案集锦宝山区41.C 42. F 43. G 44. I 45. H 46. D 47. E 48. A 49. B 50. K崇明县41. K 42. J 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. H 47. C 48. G 49. I 50.F。
2014届高三英语一模答案汇总
长宁区2013学年第一学期高三英语期末质量检测答案2014.01.06第一卷I. Listening comprehension1-5 DCBDA 6-10 DCABB 11-13 ABA 14-16 BCC17. Saturday 18. ceremony 19. coming/ following 20. ring/ call21. 10,000 22. a part-time job23. room and food; accommodations 24. cheaper and fashionableII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. would meet/ was going to meet 26. disappointing 27. those 28. have to/ ought to 29. whether/ if 30. trapped 31. before/ unless 32. has doubled 33. is said 34. contributing 35. which 36. the37. to make 38. that 39. or 40. without41-45 KJIGH 46-50 AFDECIII. ReadingSection A51-55 ADCBA 56-60 ABCDB 61-65 BCDACSection B66-69 BDDC 70-73 BCBA 74-77 AACDSection C78. have millions of regular loyal viewers79. The inevitable gossip and the essential character80. only (a shot of) fiction and not real81. They follow the characters on screen unreasoningly/ with faith.第二卷I. Translation1. The goods in the department stores are all on sale at Christmas every year.2. Nowadays what people are (very) much concerned about is food safety and air quality.Food safety and air quality are people’s major concerns nowadays.3. However hard/ difficult it is, the task given to us must/ should be completed/ fulfilled on time.4. Hardly had the experts sat down/ got seated/ seated themselves/ taken (their) seats when the speech contest of the Foreign Language Festival (that was) hosted by Principal Wang started.5. The Starbucks in every corner of the city have met/ satisfied/ meet/ satisfy people’s needs/ demands to adapt to a/ the fast-paced life.闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷参考答案第I卷1. C2. B3. A4. D5. C6. A7. D8. D9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. C17. 1275 18. credit 19. counter 20. given / provided/ remembered21. the (their) dormitory deposit 22. off campus 23. peaceful and quiet 24. money 25. Despite 26.talking 27. so that 28. experience29. If 30. but 31. might / would 32. It33. were 34. that / which 35. to learn 36. that37. more important 38.is / will be 39. yours 40. Learning41.H 42. D 43. J 44. B 45. F 46. A 47. K 48. C 49. I 50. G51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. B 61. C 62. A 63. B 64. A 65. C66. C 67. B 68. D 69. D70. D 71. B72. A 73. D74. D 75. B 76. A 77. C78. Customers’environmental concerns / Customers’awareness of environmental considerations and effects79. it is environmentally responsible / it enjoys environmental reputation80. cutting carbon emission81. informing customers about what they are doing towards cutting emissions / taking actions to cut emission and informing customers about it第II卷82. More and more young people spend more time in surfing online than reading.83. In the biology laboratory, the professor highlighted (focused on) the materials available for the experiment.84. Participating in all kinds of physical (sports) activities benefits healthy growth of middle school students.85. Only when you let go of all the negative thoughts can you feel the happiness life brings to you.86. Whatever countries you live in and however different their customs are, kindness and readiness to help others are always parts of good manners (courtesy).2013学年普陀区第一学期高三英语质量调研参考答案第一卷（103分）1. D2. A3. B4. C5. D6. D7. C8. C9. A 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C17. Downtown 18. personal 19. entire 20. conference21. 25 minutes 22. John 23. No 24. Mother and son25. from 26. They 27. who 28. cleaner 29. that/ which30. had removed 31. Seeing 32. to clean 33. driving 34. an35. when 36. were touched 37. what 38. Because of/ Owing to/ Due to39. checking 40. could41. J 42. F 43. H 44. I 45. K 46. C 47. A 48. G 49. B 50 D51. A 52. C 53. B 54. B 55. D 56. A 57. D 58. A 59. D 60. C61. B 62. B 63. D 64. D 65. B66. A 67. D 68. C 69. B70. A 71. B 72. D 73. B74. C 75. C 76. A 77. D78. smaller and worse connected79. process faces and predict the intentions of others80. By asking how many social interactions (they had experienced).81.Social-group size.第二卷（47分）1、Kids are always very curious about what is around them.或：all the things around them; quite curious about2、She performed excellently in the contest, which left a deep impression on the judges.或：did well/ excellently; in the competition; impressed the judges deeply3、No sooner had she come into/ entered school than she unexpectedly knew/ learned that she was admitted into a key school/ a famous university.4、Strangely enough,/ It’s strange that these/ the teenagers know nothing about the song(s) which/ that are familiar to us/ we are familiar with.5.In memory of the great astronaut, it’s said that next year a film will be shot/ made/ produced to help/ let people know about his life.杨浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研英语答案1-5 CDADB 6-10 CDCDA 11-13 ABD 14-16 ADC17. International 18. Sydney 19. Northwest 20. 772185221. start a company 22. financial aspects 23. attract investors24. online resources25. amusing 26. admitted 27. has climbed 28. where29. to take 30. to be sending 31. A 32. between33. stretched 34. either 35. might 36. how37. No matter how 38. others 39. as long as 40. are struggling41-50 D K H J B F A I E G51-65 A B C D A C C D B A B C A A D66-69 B D C A70-73 B C A B74-77 D B A CShe was kidnapped and murdered within 24 hours.the security/safety of human rights activistsBy issuing a real-time GPS location of the victimbuilding an organization to respond to the alarm and training the wearers.Translation1. Tom is absent from school today because he is infected with a flu.2. Due to the high living cost in Shanghai, many young couples have no intention to have a second child.3. Only when the government takes serious measures can we expect the real improvement in air quality.4. How ridiculous it is that the sign language interpreter on the stage is a mental patient!5. What excited people all over the country was that China became the third country to softland an unmanned spacecraft on the (surface of the) moon.奉贤区虹口区参考答案第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1~5 ccbab 6~10 dbcadSection B11~13 add 14~16 bdcSection C17. ill / sick 18. weather19. changing 20. pay21. support his family 22. radio factory23. skilled technician 24.pass the testsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. an 26. was given 27. before 28. making29. It 30. can’t 31. had set 32. being33. that 34. what 35. over 36. more effective37. would 38. to deal 39. planned 40. because ofSection B41~45 dbeaf 46~50 hjikgIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51~55 bacca 56~60 dbadb 61~65 acbadSection B66~69 cdbd 70~73 bbda 74~77 bcadSection C78. missing opportunities for promotion when abroad79. Positive.80. Ability to speak the client’s language81. better control the whole negotiation process第II卷I. TranslationIt is pretty easy for us to fall behind without effort.If convenient, please arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport.It has been raining for two weeks, so the coach has no choice but to consider putting off the match.II. Guided Writing略2013学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷第I 卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 ABDDC 6-10 CADADSection B11-13 CAD 14-16 CABSection C17. previous 18. access 19. repetition 20. oral21、photographs / snaps / takes/shoots a picture22、focusing on shooting / photographing / snapping23、time and position24、stress and self-doubtII. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A) 25. where 27. something 28. taking 29. When/After 30. a/one 31. listed32. On 33. what 34. to eat(B) 35. could 36. because 37. more 37. if 38. but 39. another 40. is giving Section B41. G 42. C 43. K 44. A 45. E 46. F 47. B 48. D 49. H 50. JIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACBDA 56-60 BDACA 61-65 CABCA P.F. Productions后期制作Section B66-69 ACDD 70-73 CDAB 74-77 ADABSection Cmanufacture more goods with fewer workerseffect on employment and major changes in jobswages, leisure hours and living standardsUnion’s policy concerning the protection of union members第II 卷I. TranslationMr. Green is going to visit\see a friend this Sunday, who knows a lot about money matters.It remains to be discussed whether people will delay retiring. /Whether people will delay retiring remains to be discussed.However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it.Many companies put more emphasis on personality than on capability when they employ staff members. P.F. ProductionsIf both the parties can agree on these issues, they are likely to further cooperate（have further cooperation）in the new field.崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷第I卷I. Listening Comprehension1. C2. B3. B4. C5. A6. A7. D8. C9. A 10. C 11. B 12.D 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D17. picnic 18. packages 19. 8 20. saucepfzhizuo 21. the/an election 22. put up posters 23. the campus radio 24. discuss the/a speechII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. helping/having helped 26. why 27. how 28. trying 29. where30. was seized 31. as 32. could 33. locked 34. although35. the most attractive 36. an 37. It 38. to make 39. that 41. K 42. J 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. H 47. C 48. G 49. I 50.FIII. Reading Comprehension51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. C61. A 62. A 63. B 64. B 65. C66. B 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. D 71. C 72. B 73. B 74. B 75. D78. the harm done by iPads to pfzhizuoyoung children79. Because they are too young P.F. Productionsto handle such advanced technology.80. His concern over the compulsive qualities of games on iPads.81. keep iPads and similar devices beyond the reach of infants第II卷I. Translation1. Children should be allowed to express their own ideas.2. Only by improving the efficiency can the factory make more pfzhizuoprofits.3. The expert’s suggestion is that schools should raise students’awareness of health.4. If you don’t want to be caught in the traffic jam in rush hours, why don’t you try taking the subway?5. In the age when a variety of new Internet languages keep emerging, you will fall behind if you don’t know them.闸北区1，D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B11-13 DCB 14-16 AAC17. BX3256 18. eyesight 19. 340 20. Cash.21. Electronic bridge. 22. Customer type. 23. Security key. 24. Mobile payment.25. after 26. moving 27. educated 28. were beaten 29. because of 30. the 31. that/which 32. hottest33. what 34. building 35. must 36. where 37. when 38. However 39. to help 40. has donated41 G 42. H 43. A 44. J 45. E 46. K 47. B. 48. D 49. C 50 F51-55 BDACB 56-60 ADACB 61-65 ACABC66-69 CBDC 70-73 CCAA 74-77 BDBB78. stating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes79. A new and more complicated way of criminal information analysis.80. Community service.81. lack of resources1.Video chat has been more and more popular with people.2.Will the insurance company pay for all the damages in case the furniture is destroyed in the fire?3.Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings. 4．Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are anxious to lose weight can’t replace well-balanced meals with fruits.5. Only through reading widely can one master knowledge and become a talent that the competitive 21st century calls for.青浦区1-10 BBCDB CBABA 11-13 CCD 14-16 CDD17. Resource. 18. 5/Five. 19. clerk. 20. challenging21. home stay 22. retired lady23. the high(er) expenses/costs/prices24. a (supermarket) cashier(A)25. to give 26. the 27. can 28. whatever 29. leaves/has left30. paying 31. more impressive 32. had been(B)33. but 34. at 35. was covered 36. that 37. because 38. laid39. which 40. hitting41-50 B D K F I A J G C H51-55 BAADC56-60 ADBCC61-65 BADDBReading:(A) 66-69 BCDC(B) 70-73 DBAA(C) 74-77 CDAB简答题78. writing (ability), essay writing79. write poorly/ roughly/messily/ in a rough way80. Because the students’handwriting will be hard to recognize.81. students should practice handwriting more often/students should not neglect the importance of handwriting.第II卷1. The new coffee shop makes a profit of 5000 yuan every month.2. He was reluctant to admit that he had thrown the keys into the dustbin on purpose.3. Due to/Because of the thick fog, dozens of vehicles were involved in the accident which happened on highway G15.4. It is a good idea to encourage old people to help out in nurseries in the neighborhood /community, which enables/can enable them to play their full part.5. Contrary to our expectation/what we had expected, the funfair organized by the students was so interesting that two hours had passed/gone by before we realized it.静安区答案1—10 DDCAB CCADB 11—13 DBA 14—16 DAB17 put 18. 8 19. Enter 20. copy21. a digital camera 22. gets black 23. 1553 Palace Street 24. have it replaced25. wrote 26. to be trained 27. where 28. although/though 29. others30. have been taken 31. as/when32. pouring 33. an 34. caught 35. that 36. worst 37, getting38. can 39. until 40. At41—50 HAEJD GKBFC51—65 CDABB. CADDA CCBBC66—69 CCAB 70—73 ACDC 74—77 CABD78. The shirt itself./ Tiny preprogrammed electronics in your shirt.79. checking the nutrition details of the food80. Vaccines.81. you watch the news as video film rather than read it1. The job is so difficult that few people are qualified for it.2. Only 500 visitors are admitted to this magnificent museum every day.3. The more books you read, the fewer mistakes you will make.4. Not until the 60s last century did people’s dreams of moon exploration come true.5. The reason why many rare animals became extinct was that they were not able to adapt (themselves) to the new environment, so we must pay more attention to keeping the balance of nature.宝山区2013学年第一学期期末高三年级英语监测参考答案参考答案1—5 CCBDD 6—10 AABBB 11—16 CDB ACD17. upset 18. window 19. damage 20. apologize21. educational background 22. Singapore Airlines 23. sales promotion 24. attend college courses25.from 26. knew 27. because 28. harder 29. when 30. were touched 31. how 32. saying 33. the 34. to live 35. themselves 36. building 37. where 38. assembled 39. what 40. can’t41.C 42. F 43. G 44. I 45. H 46. D 47. E 48. A 49. B 50. K51—55 CADBA 56—60BAADC 61—65 ABDCB66—69 DBBA 70—73BADC 74—77 DCBA78. Scientific, medical or commercial research79. Giving half to charities, and the rest to the earners.80. a free app offered by Charity Engine81. Oxfam, CARE International, Doctors Without Borders, WaterAid and Sightsavers1. The minister’s answer/ made all the reporters/ present/ quite pleased2. I declined/ his offer of help/, for I would like to/ depend on myself.3. It is obvious that/ what you are doing/ will do great damage/ to your future development.4. Only until the accident/ takes place/ will people not realize/ how serious the result is/, which is really a pity.5. The air quality in many cities/ is becoming worse and worse/, which is a great threat/ to the whole earth/ to some extent.黄浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试第I卷1-5 ADDAC 6-10 DCDAC11-13 BCD 14-16 ADC17. Australia 18. grams 19. airmail 20. 1321. leg of lamb 22. fruit salad 23. brown rice 24. red wine25. if 26. putting 27. have given / gave / give 28. what 29. that 30. as though / as if 31. can / must / should / could 32. to hear 33.other 34. were mixed 35. through 36. taking 37. the38. printed 39. older 40. which / that41-45 HJEBD 46-50 AKIGC51-55 ADCBA 56-60 BADAB 61-65 DBCAC66-69 BABC 70-73 DACD 74-77 DADB78. their actions bring death or damage to others79. keep their emotions under control80. Street walkers and cyclists who ignore traffic regulations.81. raised standard for vehicle and lowered speed limits第II卷I. Translation1. He always pretends / is always pretending to know what he doesn’t know.2. He didn’t take part in the interview, which cost him a well-paid job.3. By comparison / Comparatively speaking / Relatively speaking, the threatcaused by pollution is more serious than that of illness.4. Libraries are not available in many remote schools so that some children havenever read any book(s) except textbooks.5. Only after he stayed in America for some time did he know / realize how poorhis knowledge of the country was.嘉定区1---5: ADCBD 6---10:BDBAB 11—13: CDA 14---16: DCA17. Landon 18. October 19. Thursday 20. Switzerland21. 16 cm 22. several symbols 23. read any document 24. relevant information25. When 26. is wearing 27. playing 28. which29. over/up 30. saying 31. to keep 32. They33. conducted 34. to crash 35. was guided 36.like 37. neither38. the 39. but 40. Best41------45: F H I G B 46---50: E J D C A51----- 65 BCACD ACDDA BCABB66------69 CABA 70----73 DACD 74----77 ABCA78. the cause of stress in teenagers.79. to be laughed at and looked down upon by both teachers and peers.80. show signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude.81. changing school places，academic difficulties.Translation1. It is (high) time to take strict measures to deal with the environment pollution.2. His sister is/has been engaged to a talented/gifted young man.3. According to the data (figures) released, the housing prices in cities keep rising/have beengoing up/ rising instead of falling/going down.4. As long as/ if you have done/tried your best, there is no sense being/ getting upset/worried/bothered about failure or success.5. It is the audience that/who provide for/support the stars, but some of them (would rather) think/insist that their achievements result from nothing but their own efforts. (Although…)松江区试卷参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1-----5 DCCBC 6------10 DADDB11---13 ADC 14------16 CBB17. Sydney 18. 750 19. airmail 20. 1321. a manager 22. Handling angry customers23. 15 years 24. wonderful productsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A: Grammar(A)25. the most widely 26. can 27. an 28. which 29.for30. that 31. invented 32. has reflected/has been reflecting(B)33. ringing 34. Though 35. is involved 36. both37. because 38. paying 39. that 40. to devoteSection B: Vocabulary41. F 42. J. 43. C 44. D 45. H 46. B 47. K 48. G 49. A 50. EIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51—55 CBCBD 56—60 BAAAC 61—65 DDCBASection B66------69 CBDA70------72 CBB73------77 ADBCASection C78. the client and the law itself79. To separate/separating members of the public from those involved in proceedings80. every aspect of life81. By negotiating a settlement or by presenting arguments in courtI. Translation1.Eco-tourism seems to be developing quickly in the world.2. As senior three students, we should know how to adjust mental state.3. The problem is well worth discussing because it is closely related to our future life.4. Only after he experienced the unforgettable trip, did he realize that those who bring happiness to others are /were the happiest in the world.5.Despite the fact that haze has greatly influenced people’s daily life, up to now the government has not found a practical/feasible solution to it金山区2013学年第一学期期末考试第Ⅰ卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A Section B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. CSection C 17. library 18. psychology 19. sweater 20. morning21. orange juice 22. part-time employee 23. late for work 24. in the newspaperII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. instead of 26. thicker 27. before 28. to protect29. burning 30. it 31. a 32. came33. named 34. As 35. how 36. would get37. roll 38. on 39. was amazed 40. which/ thatSection B41.G 42. B 43.I 44.D 45.A 46.C. 47.F 48.K 49.J 50.HIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACABC 56-60 DBCDC 61-65 ACBDASection B66—69 BCCA70—73 CBBC74—77 CAADSection C78. Because their children spend more time with them than with the teacher.79. Through informal tea, interviews and reporting pupil’s progress.80. engage in activities that have a mathematical basis81. the best utilization of the many hours第Ⅱ卷I. Translation1. I don’t think what I have said today can(will) change others’attitude（s）towards me.2. It is said that the company will give a banquet this evening in honor of the experts from Australia.3. Many people are willing to wait in a long queue to buy the ticket for the concert.4. When I worked as a volunteer in Africa, my relatives and friends were anxious for my safe return soon5. It is time to take action to control the quantity of（the）private cars so as to relieve the traffic burden during the rush hours.。
上海市宝山区2014年中考英语一模（即期末）试题
初三英语分钟）（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）（第一部分 听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分) A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6 分) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分) B)It‟‟s hard to say. C) I didn‟t know. D) No, she needn‟t. 7. A) yes, of course A) yes, of course B)ItB)It8. A)Physics B) Geography C) Maths D) Chemistry 9. A) 10 B) 40 C) 50 D) 60 10. A) The red car. B) The white car. C) The blue car. D) The yellow car. 11. A) Britain. B) Chile C) France. D) Australia. 12. A)On the road. B) In the hospital C) In the classroom. D)In the bank. 13. A) Before he came to the UK. B) Before he came to China. D) When he was a little boy. C) After he came to China. D) When he was a little boy. B) Police and driver 14. A) Husband and wife. A) Husband and wife. B) Police and driver C) Father and daughter. D) Waiter and customer. C．Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示): (6分) 15. The story took place on a dark and cold night. 16. The taxi driver went to the railway station to meet the young man. 17. The driver felt happy when he saw a young man coming out of the railway station. 18. The hotel .was far from the railway station. 19. The driver took the young man through many streets to get more money from him. 20. From the story we know that it wasn ‟t the first time for the young man to be fooled. D. Listen to the pass age and fill in the blanks (听短文填空，完成下列内容。
上海市普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试英语试题牛津上海版
上海市2014届高三英语普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试试题牛津上海版（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第Ⅰ卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A; you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.A. At a train station.B. At an airport.C. At a travel agency.D. At a bus station.A. $5.B. $10.C. $15.D. $50.A. Receptionist and guest.B. Salesperson and customer.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner.A. Excited.B. Dissatisfied.C. Bo red.D. Exhausted.A. Her hair has changed.B. She isn’t satisfied with her hair style.C. She prefers to wear long hair.D. The man has changed his hair style.A. It is too early to watch the Talent Show.B. He will go to bed in five minutes.C. He would rather watch TV than go to bed.D. He is old enough to stay up.A. She has got everything ready.B. She never hesitates over what to take.C. She hates packing by herself.D. She needs more time for packing.A. They should wait for John for a while.B. They should stay here for the night.C. They should start the meeting right away.D. They should call John at once.A. She is unwilling to move into a new flat.B. Her neighbors get along well with her.C. She can’t tell the man why she is moving.D. Her neighbors usually play their TV loud.A. Ask for directions.B. Try a different route.C. Go back for the map.D. Cancel their trip.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but thequestions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the blest answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.A. A political system.B. Religion.C. Working language.D. Race.A. Discuss current issues.B. Join in a writing competition.C. Attend an arts and crafts competition.D. Celebrate their friendship.A. The Commonwealth Games.B. An important holiday.C. The Commonwealth members.D. An international association. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.A. Equipping students with knowledge.B. Qualifying students for certain jobs.C. Developing students’ habits of mind.D. Helping students to go to graduate school.A. The ability to have critical analysis.B. Creative use of leisure time.C. Logical use of information.D. Willingness to accept uncertainty.A. Goals to reach in a college education.B. Roles of knowledge in students’ growth.C. Qualifications needed for a job.D. Importance of after-class activities.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.the others?II Grammar and VocabularyDirections: (16`)Read the following passage. For some blanks there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these blanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with words that are correct in structure and proper in meaning. (A)Gordon was hungry. He opened the refrigerator, 25_____ there used to be much food before his wife left him. There must be 26_____ in here to eat, he thought. Now, however, there was a single hot dog.After 27_____ (take) it out of its package, he put a small frying pan onto the stove’s gas burner. He turned on the heat. Then he poured a little bit of vegetable oil into the pan. He sliced the hot dog in half lengthwise. 28_____ the oil got hot, he put the two halves in the pan. About 29_____ minute later, he flipped each half over. After another minute, he took the hot dog out of the pan.Gordon put two slices of bread into the toaster. This was tasty and healthy bread. The first ingredient 30_____ (list) was organic sprouted wheat. The first ingredient in ordinary bread is usually unbleached flour.When the toast popped up, he put mustard, mayonnaise, and ketchup on one slice. Then he added two slices of onion. 31_____ top of the onions, he placed the hot dog. On top of the hot dog, he put a couple of slices of apple. Then he added some bits of hot green chile, and then put the top piece of toast onto the chile bits.Ahh, 32_____ a sandwich, he thought, as he sat down 33_____ (eat).(B)Sara needed to see the doctor. She had an upset stomach. She felt bloated, and needed to pass gas every minute or so. This was terrible. She 34_____ hardly go anywhere in public.Her friends told her it was 35_____ she had moved to America. The air, water, and food in America weren't agreeing with her. They said she would have to return to her home country."No way," Sara said. She didn't want to go home. She liked America. This was a minor problem, she was sure. Any good doctor would solve it in no time. Two days later, she saw her doctor. He asked her if she drank milk. She said yes, three glasses a day."Don't drink any 36_____ (much) regular milk. Start drinking lactose-free milk, because lactose can upset your stomach."Then he asked her 37____ there were any big problems in her life. She said that her boyfriend was a big problem. He wanted to get married, 38____ she didn’t. The doctor said that she should break up with her boyfriend and find 39____. “Why?” Sara asked."Because your boyfriend 40_____ (give) you too much stress. He is probably the maincause of your upset stomach.""I don't think my boyfriend is going to like that.""Just tell him if he really loves you, he should leave you."Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.diseases found in hens. Some breeds of duck produce bigger eggs than hens. In 42 , ducks lay eggs over a longer season than hens do.Poultry (禽类) keepers with gardens have less to worry about if they keep ducks rather than hens because the former are unlikely to dig up plants and destroy roots. While both hens and ducks 43 the garden by eating pests, hens are known to damage grass beds. Ducks, on the other hand, will search for insects more 44 . Only very delicate plants are at risk from the broad, webbed feet of ducks.Like all waterbirds, ducks need 45 to water, and duck keepers typically provide this by building a pond. Something this large is not absolutely necessary, however, ducks need only to be able to 46 their heads in the water to keep their nose clean. If a pond is provided, though, it is important to keep baby ducks away fromit until they are old enough to put up with the cool temperature of the water. When 47 ducks, one has to consider just how many the land will support. The ruleis generally about 100 ducks per acre. If more than this proportion is introduced, there is a risk of pressing the soil, which can lead to 48 conditions for long periods as the rain is not easily absorbed into the ground.While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given a greater quantityof food, especially if regular eggs are 49 . An adult duck will eat between 170to 200 grams of food a day. If the ducks live near grass and a pond, they will be able to find for themselves approximately 70% of their daily dietary requirementsin warmer months but less than half that in colder times. Therefore, it is important that they be 50 on enough food, such as grain, every day.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.More and more shoppers are buying things online these days, allowing them to avoid51 salespeople and long lines at checkout counters. In spite of online convenience,52 , there are some items —like clothes —that customers prefer to 53 before buying. In light of this, two companies are finding ways to modernize stores and54 the gap between online and in-store retail (零售).A software company that also happens to sell designer jeans, Hointer has created a fast and painless shopping 55 for its customers.Shoppers walk into a Hointer store and select one of the many pairs of jeans 56 down from bars. Then they point their smartphones at the tag and 57 the Hointer app, after which they select the size and press “try on.” The app then directs them to a specific dressing room. German-made robots bring out the 58 jeans and deliver them through a chute (斜槽) to the dressing room in about 30 seconds. Immediately after 59 pairs of jeans are dropped through another chute, the “outbox,” they disappear from the list in the app.Purchases at Hointer are made with a swipe (刷卡) of a credit card. And interacting with a salesperson is optional! This allows Hointer to hire fewer people and focus on their ultimate goal: developing 60 that supports a retail revolution. Men’s clothing retailer Bonobos has 61 a more personalized shopping experience. Although it is —in fact —an online retailer, Bonobos has decided to open a handful of brick-and-mortar stores called Guideshops. Shoppers make a(n) 62 online before arriving at a Guideshop, where they receive one-on-one 63 from a fitting guide. Because these shops have limited inventories (存货), shoppers aren’t able to take home the outfits they select. But guides help shoppers make online purchases before they leave, after which the items will be 64 to customers in one or two days.While Hointer focuses on convenience, Bonobos Guideshops focus on customer service. But both efforts have one thing 65 : giving clothing retailers a new look for the 21st century.51. A. respectable B. considerate C. aggressive D.violent52. A. however B. therefore C. anyway D. moreover53. A. convince B. guarantee C. ensure D. examine54. A. break B. bridge C. shallow D. deepen55. A. experience B. mall C. direction D. principle56. A. hiding B. hanging C. storing D. labeling57. A. start B. upload C. save D. download58. A. desired B. well-designed C. promotedD. well-prepared59. A. qualified B. wanted C. chosen D. unwanted60. A. employment B. efficiency C. technology D. market61. A. come up with B. looked forward to C. looked up D.brought up62. A. decision B. appointment C. contributionD. impression63. A. contact B. instruction C. notice D. attention64. A. presented B. packaged C. deliveredD. transferred65. A. in conclusion B. in common C. as usual D. in generalSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Any snakebite can be dangerous if infection sets in. Some types of snake poison make the bite area swollen (肿胀的) or painful. Others cause bleeding or damage the heart’s nerves. Here are some especially dangerous snakes:The largest of all poisonous snakes, king cobras can reach 5.5 meters in length. Each king cobra bite contains enough poison to kill an elephant — or 20 people. But these big snakes usually avoid people. They live throughout India, southern China and Southeast Asia.A bite from Australia’s inland taipan, the world’s most poisonous snake, releases enough poison to kill 100 men. The good news is that people rarely come in contact with this snake, and a treatment for its poison exists.Russell’s viper lives throughout Asia, including India, southern China, and on the island of Taiwan. It prefers grassy fields but can be found in forests and urban areas. It bites more people and causes more deaths than any other poisonous snake. Though short, the common Indian krait packs a powerful punch (攻击) in its bite. Most often, it strikes people at night while they are sleeping. Since the bite causes little pain, victims are often not sure that they have been bitten until they begin to experience stomach cramps (痉挛). Without treatment, symptoms will worsen quickly and can lead to death.The black mamba, a native of Africa, is actually olive or grey in color. Only the inside of its mouth is black. When black mambas feel threatened by a human, they make a loud hissing sound to warn the person away. If the warning is ignored, the snake will attack the person repeatedly. And they can attack quickly, moving over the ground at speeds of up to 20 kilometers per hour.66. According to this article, what is a particular feature of the king cobra?A. Its seasonal changes.B. Its lack of movement.C. Its sense of hearing.D. Its remarkable size.67. According to this article, which of the following is known for its speed?A. The inland taipan.B. The black mamba.C. The Indian krait.D. The Russell’s viper.68. What does the article imply about the inland taipan?A. It was once believed to be extinct.B. A chance meeting with it could be fatal.C. Some people keep one as a pet.D. Very little is known about its behavior.69. In which magazine would you most likely find this article?A. Let’s Explore NatureB. Weekly Travel DigestC. Psychology MagazineD. Global Warning News(B)Basketball, baseball and soccer are classic sports that people will always enjoy. And yet we keep changing popular games like these in new ways to keep them fresh. Underwater hockeyThis game is played in swimming pools withtwo teams of six players. Each player hasflippers (蛙鞋), a snorkel and a stick used forhitting a puck (圆盘). Each team earns pointsby hitting the puck into its underwater goal.Other team members must be ready to takethe puck when a team member goes up forair. That makes underwater hockey a trueteam sport.ChessboxingA sport can also be revised by mixing it withanother game. In chessboxing, two playerscompete on the chess board and in the ring.First, their minds are tested in a game of chess.Then they use their strength in a round ofboxing. They repeat this for 11 rounds. Thewinner beats the loser in chess, knocks himout while boxing or gets more boxing points.BossaballThis exciting sport is part volleyball and partsoccer. But unlike both of those sports,players jump up and down throughout thegame. That’s because it’s played on aninflatable (可充气的) volleyball court with atrampoline on either side of the net. Oneplayer bounce on the trampoline while up tofour others stand around it. A team cantouch the ball six times before sending itback across the net. Each player may touchthe ball once with arms or twice with otherCycleballAnother fun game to watch, cycleball is likeindoor soccer on wheels. Each player rides aspecial bike designed for the game. Likesoccer, a team must put the ball in a goal.However, there is a catch. The ball can onlybe touched with the bikes’wheels or theplayers’heads. This game requires a lot ofpractice to learn the skills needed.Though these sports may not be common, give them a look or even a try.70. Why does the author think Underwater Hockey is a true team sport?A. Because all players in a team wear the same flippers and use a stick to hit a puck.B. Because each player in a team has to cooperate with other team members in the match.C. Because it is played underwater, the game is more dangerous than the sports played on land.D. Because each team earns points by hitting the puck into its underwater goal.71. In Chessboxing, the winner will be the one who _____.A. wins both in chess and in boxingB. defeats his opponent in chessC. wins in chess or in boxingD. can knock his opponent out of the boxing ring72. According to the article, at most how many players in all can take part in a Bossaball match?A. 4.B. 6.C. 8.D. 10.73. In Cycleball, the author mentions catch, whose meaning may be _____.A. sportB. skillC. ruleD. practice( C )Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls (民意调查), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable, nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings.A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs.The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high incomeand a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education.Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those who have good relationship with other family members are happier than those who live alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factors.It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time.Children whose parents were happily married have happier childhoods, but are not necessarily happier adults.The best formula (准则) for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem.74. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. happiness is neither predictable nor apparentB. a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happyC. the rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income groupD. happiness is not necessarily connected to one’s situation in society75. According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon _____.A. a happy childhood in which one can do whatever he likesB. great wealth with which one can buy anythingC. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the betterD. a college degree that can help one achieve great success76. The letters AQ in the last paragraph most probably mean _____.A. ambition to defeat others in a severe competitionB. ability to overcome difficulty and get out of embarrassing situationC. methods of solving difficult problems and challenges in lifeD. attitudes towards severe competition especially in trouble77. The best title of this passage may be _____.A. What Does Happiness Consist inB. Happiness and UnhappinessC. Different Kinds of HappinessD. Causes of Happiness and UnhappinessSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Millions of personal computers across the world are running at this moment, but most are using just a fraction of their full capacity to process information. Imagine what could happen if the spare power of these millions of machines were used to solve global problems.The organization Charity Engine attempts to do just that. It enables researchers and companies to use the extra computing power of thousands of personal computers. These companies pay a usage fee that goes to carefully selected charities.The computersCharity Engine offers a free app that has the user’s computer do research as a background task. The program runs automatically, without direction from the user. Each computer works on a small chunk of a larger project and sends back its results. The results are combined to answer the researchers’ questions.The researchersCharity Engine mostly uses its computing power for companies doing scientific, medical or commercial research. For example, Rosetta@home attempts to help find cures for serious diseases by discovering the shapes of proteins. Another project, Einstein@Home, tests scientific theories. And another helps establishments in Africa such as universities search for ways to fight the spread of malaria.The CharitiesCharity Engine gives 50 percent of the profits from renting out computing power to various charities. Each organization it supports has a good reputation for working in an area of vital importance. Most of them seek to address the primary causes of poverty while bringing short-term relief. These include Oxfam, a network of organizations in 94 countries. Another is CARE International, one of the three largest international aid agencies, which works in 87 countries. Charity Engine also supports Doctors Without Borders, which supplies medical care, and WaterAid, which provides safe water and promotes hygiene (卫生) in developing countries. Another of its charities, Sightsavers, works to prevent and reverse blindness through medical treatments and provides training for the blind. Charity Engine helps many other organizations as well.An added bonusCharity Engine returns the other 50 percent of its earnings to the people who made it all possible. The app users are entered into draws. Chosen at random, the winners receive thousands of dollars in prizes!Thanks to Charity Engine, computing power that would have gone to waste is fighting poverty and bringing healing and hope.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What does Charity Engine help companies do?___________________________________________________________________________.79. How does Charity Engine spend its earnings?___________________________________________________________________________.80. The computers selected by Charity Engine help researchers and companies through ________.81. According to the passage, besides many organizations, Charity Engine mostly supports _____.第二卷I. Translation （22 分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words givenin the brackets.孩子们总是对周边的一切都非常好奇。
2014届上海市各区高三英语一模——完形填空汇编
宝山区More and more shoppers are buying things online these days，allowing them to avoid 51 salespeople and long lines at checkout counters。
In spite of online convenience, 52 , there are some items — like clothes — that customers prefer to 53 before buying. In light of this，two companies are finding ways to modernize stores and 54 the gap between online and in-store retail （零售）.A software company that also happens to sell designer jeans, Hointer has created a fast and painless shopping 55 for its customers.Shoppers walk into a Hointer store and select one of the many pairs of jeans 56 down from bars。
Then they point their smartphones at the tag and 57 the Hointer app，after which they select the size and press “try on。
" The app then directs them to a specific dressing room。
German—made robots bring out the 58 jeans and deliver them through a chute（斜槽) to the dressing room in about 30 seconds。
上海市浦东新区2014届高三英语一模试卷(含答案及听力文字_对外版)
浦东新区2013学年度第一学期期末质量测试高三英语试卷（本卷满分150分；完卷时间120分钟）第I卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a bank. B. At a shop. C. At the airport. D. At the hotel.2. A. Manager and cleaner. B. House agent and renter.C. Professor and student.D. Policeman and driver.3. A. 10 minutes. B. 20 minutes. C. 30 minutes. D. 40 minutes.4. A. Excited. B. Funny. C. Anxious. D. Depressed.5. A. Michael has lost his schoolbag. B. Michael won’t go to the lab.C. Michael is probably nearby.D. Michael may have already gone.6. A. He wants to apply for a new job. B. He is turning to the woman for help.C. He has left the woman a good impression.D. He enjoys writing letters.7. A. T he woman. B. The man.C. The woman’s mother.D. The children.8. A. There’s no more work for anyone to do in the committee.B. No one is willing to work in the committee.C. The woman knows some people on the committee.D. The woman should be on the committee herself.9. A. She should do more careful work.B. She is not concerned about George’s remarks.C. George does not care about her.D. George shouldn’t have said so much about her.10. A. He is doing quite well with it. B. He has money problems.C. He is in need of qualified staff.D. He cannot carry it on any more.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A travel agency. B. An airline company.C. A round-the-world journey.D. A flight program.12. A. The low prices. B. The outstanding service.C. The great rewards.D. The long distance.13. A. Those who have been to most parts of the world.B. Those who often travel around the world on business.C. Those who want to explore the different airlines.D. Those who need special support all along the way.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They are interested in other kinds of reading.B. They are active in voluntary services.C. They tend to be low in education and in income.D. They live in isolated areas.15. A. The reasons people don’t read newspapers are more complicated than assumed.B. There are more uneducated people among the wealthy than originally expected.C. The number of newspaper readers is steadily increasing.D. There are more non-readers among young people nowadays.16. A. Lowering the prices of their newspapers.B. Shortening their news stories.C. Adding variety to their newspaper content.D. Including more interesting ads in the newspapers.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Alan and Linda always dreamed of living “the good life”. Both from poor working-class families, they married young and set out to fulfil their mutual goal of becoming wealthy. They both worked very hard for years. ____25____ (earn) enough money, they finally could move from their two-bedroom home to a seven-bedroom home in a rich neighbourhood. They focused their energies on trying to have ____26____ they considered important for a good life: membership in the local country club, luxury cars, designer clothing, and high-class society friends. ____27____ much they earned, it never seemed to be enough. They were unable to remove the financial insecurity that ____28____ (acquire) in childhood. Then the stock market crashed in 1987, and Alan and Linda lost a considerable amount of money. Alan also suffered from heart attack, ____29____ cost the family much. One thing led to ____30____, and they found themselves in a financial disaster. Their house needed to be sold, and eventually they lost the country club membership and the cars. It was several years ____31____ Alan and Linda managed to land on their feet, and though they now live a life far from wealthy, they have learned a valuable lesson from their lives and felt quite blessed. Only now, as they think of what ____32____ (remain) —a solid, loving marriage, a dependable income, and good friends —do they realize that true abundance comes not from gathering fortunes, but rather from appreciating.(B)We all hope to enjoy harmonious relationships with our parents. In real life, however, this is not always possible. The poem “Those Winter Sundays”by Robert Hayden expresses the speaker’s regret over the way the speaker, when he was young, ____33____ (treat) his father. It is only when he looks back on how he has grown up ____34____ he begins to understand his father’s unselfish love.In remembering the small things his father did ____35____ him and his family, such as lighting a fire in the morning and polishing his shoes, the speaker begins to understand an aspect of parental love that escaped ____36____ notice in the past.As he recalls how his father warmed the house, the speaker’s coldness toward his father starts to melt away. In its place is love and gratitude. It dawns on him that love is not just hugging and kissing, or always warm and affectionate, but ____37____ well be cold and stern in appearance. In fact, mature love often requires self-discipline and self-sacrifice.During our stressful teen years, we may find that our parents, especially our fathers, have difficulty____38____ (show) their love for us verbally —sometimes when we need it most. This is certainly very discouraging. However, if we remember ____39____ (be) grateful or not so self-centered, we will see that their love has always been there, only ____40____ (express) in ways different from what we may have expected.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.We need more men in our hospital, not as doctors, but as nurses. Over the last few years, I have found that having male nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital. There are several reasons for wanting male nurses here, not only because half the population in our country is male. Men ____41____ excellent carers and are ____42____ good at taking care of others. In fact, many men take good care of their children, wives, parents, sisters, brothers, and even their nieces and nephews.Another reason that men can become great nurses is that in general, men are ____43____ stronger than women. Male nurses can help ____44____ heavy objects, or if, for example, a patient cannot move from the waist down, male nurses can help move the patient into a comfortable ____45____. Also, male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients ____46____ while they receive painful treatment, such as when bandages covering wounds are changed. Another advantage to having male nurses is that they see things from a different ____47____ from women and bring a male way of thinking to problem-solving. This allows the hospital to work more effectively than if we only ____48____ problems one way. Having a mix of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster.Currently, only 7 percent of our nursing staff are men; this number is far too low, and the problem requires correction. Having more male nurses will help create a positive ____49____ between male and female staff, and it will ____50____ patients the choice of a male or female carer. I am determined to take on more male nurses here at Central Hospital. I will be organizing an open day soon to allow interested young men to visit our hospital and find out more about nursing. Hopefully, we will have more male nurses in our hospital soon!III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you study medicine at university, chances are you’ll become a doctor. For music students, it’s less ____51____ what job you’ll end up with… but it could be really fulfilling. The idea that options are ____52____ and jobs are few for music graduates needs to ____53____.It’s wrongly assumed that when it comes to jobs, music students are ____54____ their field of study. ____55____, music graduates go on to do a wide range of jobs in a variety of different industries.Alumni surveys from the University of Nottingham show that music graduates are employed across a varied range of ____56____. As you might expect, a large proportion (50%) work in the creative industry, but the roles performed by graduates ____57____ greatly.Some music grads work with professional ensembles (歌舞团), but not all are performing as ____58____: —Music grads work in publishing, editing, media production, broadcasting, and marketing. And many work in management roles. Less anticipated but no less common is the employment of music graduates in finance and banking, legal and consultancy.Dr. Robert Adlington, an associate professor of music at the University of Nottingham, ____59____ these successful and varied outcomes to the highly desirable ____60____ developed by music students during their studies.In 2011, the Confederate of British Industry outlined the seven skills that ____61____ employability: self-management, team work, business and customer awareness, problem solving, communication, numeracy, and IT skills. Adlington says that music students develop all seven of these. By this measure, music graduates are among the most ____62____ of all.While some of these skills are obtained by students of all subjects — for example, team work, good communication, self-management —Adlington points out that music students have a(n) ____63____. The experience of organising, hosting, and performing in events that are open to the public provides them with skills beyond those on other degree programmes. Few degrees require knowledge of customer awareness, or interaction with the public, for example.Music graduates’success is a(n) ____64____ of how changes in the music industry allow artists to produce and publicise themselves. The internet means artists can publish, distribute, and promote their own work. These methods are nothing new, but if ____65____ professional knowledge and experience, it can be a winning, name-making recipe.51. A. important B. urgent C. obvious D. satisfactory52. A. tight B. narrow C.hollow D. strict53. A. change B. liberate C. reflect D. function54. A. contributed to B. related to C. lost to D. restricted to55. A. In addition B. In turn C. In contrast D. In reality56. A. contracts B. fields C. subjects D. majors57. A. vary B. improve C. reverse D. multiply58. A. musicians B. managers C. amateurs D. customers59. A. devotes B. owes C. alerts D. adapts60. A. options B. intervals C. characters D. skills61. A. isolate B. regulate C. offer D. define62. A. comfortable B. honorable C. reliable D. employable63. A. benefit B. advantage C. chance D. resolution64. A. reflection B. command C. potential D. knowledge65. A. related to B. charged with C. exposed to D. combined withSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)After hours sitting inside Deep Worker, it feels good toget back. While you’re stretching on the deck, others on theship are at work studying the data you have collected.The rock samples you collected are taken to alaboratory on board the ship. Tests performed on oceanrocks can show the age of the seafloor. Many people willstudy the videotapes of the swordfish. There is nothing like avideo to show others exactly what you saw and experienced in the deep. Videos capture details of how animals move and behave —details that a person sitting inside Deep Worker could easily miss. Those details can help scientists better understand the role each kind of animal plays in its deep-sea community.While you were below, Deep Worker’s exact location was being tracke d. Thus, detailed maps of the seafloor, showing underwater canyons and mountains far beneath the surface can be made with the help of this information. Dive by dive, Sylvia Earle and her fellow scientists are piecing together remarkable pictures of the deep sea — a world that until recently was as unknown as a distant planet.Since Sylvia first began exploring the waters around Florida, she’s seen changes — trash on the seafloor, fewer fish, polluted water. These ocean problems in Florida and in many other parts of the world make people like Sylvia anxious. They want to know how to protect the ocean, and how to restore it to good health where damage has been done.Sylvia and other scientists are learning more about the ocean, especially the deep sea, than ev er before. The more we know about a place, the better we understand it. As Sylvia says, “With knowing comes caring. If people care about something, they will work to protect it.”66. What does the bold-typed phrase “this information” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.The location of underwater canyons and mountains.B.Remarkable pictures of the deep sea.C.These ocean problems.D.The track of Deep Worker.67. Sylvia Earle is probably a scientist who ________________.A.specializes in making mapsB.cares about the oceanC.works on an unknown shipD.performs experiments in a laboratory68. According to Paragraph 4, which statement about Sylvia is TRUE?Sylvia ______________.A.has seen fewer fish and polluted waterB.is concerned about the ocean problemsC.has explored the waters and protected the oceanD.has restored good health after her injury69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.Working below in Deep WorkerB.Ocean Exploration and Ocean MapsC.Deep Worker Saving the WorldD.Ocean familiarity and Ocean Preservation(B)Walking, cycling or hopping on to public transport are thebest ways to travel with a clean conscience. Yet cars remain animportant option for many families because of its convenience.For people in rural areas, or with mobility problems, a car can bean essential lifeline.Drive with styleNo matter what kind of car you run, the least reliable part will be you: your driving style has a massive impact on the fuel needed, with acceleration, gear-changing and braking all playing a significant role.Inching along at the pace of a child’s tricycle might feel frugal but won’t magically yield peak economy. In most modern cars, accelerate normally, changing up at 2,000rpm in a diesel, or 2,500rpm in a petrol-powered car. Once at a sensible steady speed, choose the highest gear that will let the engine run without labouring.A number of eco-driving apps are available for smartphones, to help you improve your smoothness. The A Glass of Water iPhone app offers tips to help you avoid spilling a drop. The free RAC Traffic app is also a great way to avoid wasting fuel in traffic jams.It’s also important to:● Check tyre pressures once a month.● Leave junk at home. Carrying extra weight in the boot wastes excess fuel.● Leave in good time and don’t speed. An extra 10mph on the motorway will add 10% to your fuel bill.Power playsIt may be decades before alternative fuels such as hydrogen become commonplace, but hybrid cars that use battery power to boost a petrol or diesel engine are already available in every category. It means many families might find an electric vehicle ideal as a second car.Sell your wheels, still travel by carIf you need a car for short periods, such as shopping, and live in a city, then consider a short-term car-hire service such as Zipcar instead of owning a car. If you’re travelling longer distances, pay your share of the fuel costs to someone who’s already driving there.70. What can you infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?A. Choosing a fuel-saving car matters more than your driving style.B. Your driving style matters most to the fuel needed.C. You should rely on yourself to drive a car.D. Whether a car saves fuel depends largely on the car you choose.71. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A. ecologicalB. convenientC. economicalD. beneficial72. Which of the following is NOT a suggested way of saving fuel according to the writer?A.Driving along at a very low speed.B.Checking tyre pressures regularly.C.Putting the extra weight off the boot.D.Applying the eco-driving apps on smartphones.73. Which may be the best choice for a visiting scholar who frequently gives lectures at collegesin a neighboring town?A. Walking.B. Owning an electric vehicle.C. Renting a car.D. Buying a stylish car.(C)The death of languages is not a new phenomenon. Languages usually have a relatively short life span as well as a very high death rate. Only a few, including Egyptian, Chinese, Greek, Latin, have lasted more than 2,000 years.What is new, however, is the speed at which they are dying out. Europe’s colonial conquests caused a sharp decline in linguistic diversity, eliminating at least 15 percent of all languages spoken at the time. Over the last 300 years, Europe has lost a dozen, and Australia has only 20 left of the 250 spoken at the end of the 18th century.The rise of nation-states has also been decisive in selecting and consolidating national languages and sidelining others. By making great efforts to establish an official language in education, the media and the civil service, national governments have deliberately tried to eliminate minority languages.This process of linguistic standardization has been boosted by industrialization and scientific progress, which have imposed new methods of communication that are swift, straightforward and practical. Language diversity came to be seen as an obstacle to trade and the spread of knowledge. Monolingualism became an ideal.More recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electronic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified the threat to “small” languages.A language not on th e Internet is a language that “no longer exists” in the modern world. It is out of the game.The serious effects of the death of languages are evident. First of all, it is possible that if we all ended up speaking the same language, our brains would lose some of their natural capacity for linguistic inventiveness. We would never be able to figure out the origins of human language or resolve the mystery of “the first language”. As each language dies, a chapter of human history closes.Multilingualism is the most accurate reflection of multiculturalism. The destruction of the first will inevitably lead to the loss of the second. Imposing a language without any links to a people’s culture and way of life stifles the expression of their collective genius. A language is not only used for the main instrument of human communication. It also expresses the world vision of those who speak it, their imagination and their ways of using knowledge. To safeguard languages is an urgent matter.74. Which of the following does not contribute to the death of languages?A. Colonial conquests of Europe.B. The boom of human population.C. Advances in science and industrialization.D. The rise of nation-states.75. What does the underlined word “stifles” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?A. boostsB. fuelsC. imposesD. kills76. The serious effects of the death of languages include all except that____________.A. people would fail to understand how languages originated.B. language diversity would become an obstacle to globalization.C. monolingualism would lead to the loss of multiculturalism.D. human brains would become less creative linguistically.77. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?A. To explain the reasons why languages are dying out.B. To warn people of the negative aspects of globalization.C. To call people’s attention to the urgency of language preservation.D. To argue how important it is for people to speak more languages.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The launch of the UK’s biggest online university venture has the potential to “revolutionise conventional models of formal education” and keep UK ahead in the global race to deliver the best education, says universities minister David Willetts.The FutureLearn project will see more than 20 institutions enter the global market to offer massive open online courses, or Moocs. Until now, the US has led the way in the creation of Moocs, catering to an estimated 3 million learners worldwide with hundreds of courses from a range of top institutions.Bath, Exeter, Birmingham, Edinburgh and Warwick are among the 21 UK universities that have signed up. The British Library, British Museum and British Council will also make material available to students. The venture, set up by the Open University, is a response to the rise of Moocs and will offer students a new and innovative way to access courses, says Martin Bean vice-chancellor of the Open University. Bean said, “Time and again we have seen the impact the Internet can have on industries — driving innovation and enhancing the customer experience. I have no doubt Moocs will do the same for education — offering people new and exciting ways to learn.”A senior academic at University College London — which has chosen not to be involved in FutureLearn —has questioned whether the Mooc model is the best road for universities to go down. Although free for students, online courses have some downsides. Stephen Caddick, professor at the university, says students want flexibility above all. “Moocs are an online product of higher education currently experienced offline by a lot of students: inflexible”, said Caddick. “These courses are free to students, yet very expensive to develop for universities. ”Simon Nelson, CEO of FutureLearn, said university partners see this opportunity as “money extremely well spent”, helping them to boost their global profile and encourage experimentation and innovation within university departments. According to Nelson, FutureLearn will continue to expand its number of partners both in the UK and overseas, as well as develop its commercial model, which in the future could see students paying to take exams and purchase extra course material.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Besides revolutionizing traditional educational models, FutureLearn has the potential to ______________________.79. How many learners all over the world have benefited from the online courses offered by American universities?80. What are the two downsides of online courses mentioned by Stephen Caddic?81. What is the plan for FutureLearn according to Nelson?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这家花店里面的鲜花一应俱全。
上海市各区2013-2014年高三英语一模试卷分类汇编----选词填空-老师版（带答案已经校对）
上海市各区2014届高三英语一模试题汇编：选词填空1 One 【2014届上海市虹口区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, however, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the____41____areas of human activity. For example, in the late nineteenth century the connections connections between between between music music music and and and painting painting painting were____42____close. were____42____close. were____42____close. Artists Artists Artists were were were invited invited invited to to to design design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired by by the the the work work work of____43____ of____43____ of____43____ painters. painters. painters. Of Of Of the the the musical musical musical compositions compositions compositions that that that were were were considered considered considered as as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition . Mussorgsky Mussorgsky ____44____ ____44____ ____44____ the the the piece piece piece in in in 1874 1874 1874 after after after the the the death, death, death, at at at the the the age age age of of of 39, 39, 39, of of of the the the artist artist Victor Hartmann. Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s Hartmann’s____45____death. ____45____death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to to hold hold an exhibition of of Hartmann’s Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to____46____ his grief by writing something in ____47____ of Hartmann. The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are____48____ are____48____ as as as symbols symbols symbols rather rather rather than than than representations representations representations of of of the the the paintings paintings paintings in in in the the exhibition. Between each is a promenade （舞曲中的行进）, as the composer walks from one painting painting to to to another. The another. The music music is is sometimes sometimes witty witty witty and and and playful, playful, playful, sometimes sometimes sometimes almost almost almost alarming alarming alarming and and frightening. Through a range of surprising ____49____, Mussorgsky manages to ____50____ the spirit of the artist and his work.Keys: 41-45 CJDGK 46-50 BFHEI Two 【2014届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模试题】Section BA. scarcely B. relieve C. distinct D. contemporary E. contrasts F. memory G. composed H. intended I. convey J. especially K. unexpected Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. calming B.regular C. doable D. electronics E. fuel F. hook G . Incredibly H. maintain I. mindlessly J. especially K. weapons Here are four four simple, simple, simple, healthy healthy healthy and, and, and, dare dare dare we we we say, say, say, fun fun fun ways ways ways to to to help help help you you you slim slim slim down down down and and and stay stay healthy. Have your cake …for breakfastAside from being depressing, the way to ___41___ weight loss isn’t by feeling deprived. Scientists Scientists say say say that that that people people people who who who started started started off off off the the the day day day with with with a a a ___42___ ___42___ ___42___ felt felt felt fuller fuller fuller and and and more more satisfied, and that led to their sticking with the program as the day went on. Being hungry is no way to start your day, so ___43___ up with protein and a mouthful of something sweet. And most of all, enjoy! Sleep your way to weight lossDr. Andrew Calvin, one expert of Mayo Clinic study, is quoted as saying, “If individuals are seeking to maintain a healthy weight or to lose weight, they should seek to get enough sleep on a ___44_____44___ basis.”_ basis.”If If you you you find find find it it it tricky tricky tricky to to to wind wind wind down down down at at at night, night, night, turn turn turn off off off the the the ___45___ ___45___ ___45___ and and and engage engage engage in in in relaxing relaxing activities, like taking a bath or listening to ___46___ music. Journal to drop poundsThe best ___47___ for a dieter? Pen and paper! Women who wrote down everything they ate lost more weight than th ose who didn’t track their food intake. Journaling makes you accountable and and more more more aware aware aware of of of what what what you’re you’re you’re eating, eating, eating, so so so it it it makes makes makes sense sense sense that that that it’ll it’ll it’ll keep keep keep you you you from from from ____48___ chewing if you aren’t actually hungry.Even a tiny bit of exercise helps your healthEven 20 to 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the weeks (broken up into smaller chunks is fine) reduces your risk for all sorts of physical ills. And even 20 minutes a week can improve your mood. That really stuck with me. It’s easy to criticize ourselve s or burn out if we make goals that are ___49___ hard to achieve, but walking a few times a week is ___50___ – and meaningful, too. Keys: 41-45 HJEBD 46-50 AKIGC Three 【2014届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. efficiently B. still C. equally D. balance E. drag F. angle G . make H. physically I. approach J. position K. allow We need more men in our hospital, not as doctors, but as nurses. Over the last few years, I have found that having male nurses is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital. There are several reasons for wanting male nurses here, not only because half the population in our country is male. Men ____41____ excellent carers and are ____42____ good at taking care of others. In fact, many men take good care of their children, wives, parents, sisters, brothers, and even their nieces and nephews. Another Another reason reason reason that that that men men men can can can become become become great great great nurses nurses nurses is is that that in in in general, general, general, men men men are are are ____43____ ____43____ stronger stronger than than than women. women. women. Male Male Male nurses nurses nurses can can can help help help ____44____ ____44____ ____44____ heavy heavy heavy objects, objects, objects, or or or if, if, if, for for for example, example, example, a a patient patient cannot cannot cannot move move move from from from the the the waist waist waist down, down, down, male male male nurses nurses nurses can can can help help help move move move the the the patient patient patient into into into a a comfortable ____45____. Also, male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients ____46____ while while they they they receive receive receive painful painful painful treatment, treatment, treatment, such such such as as as when when when bandages bandages bandages covering covering covering wounds wounds wounds are are are changed. changed. Another advantage to having male nurses is that they see things from a different ____47____ from women women and and and bring bring bring a a a male male male way way way of of of thinking thinking thinking to problem-solving. to problem-solving. This This allows allows allows the the the hospital hospital hospital to to to work work more more effectively effectively effectively than than than if if if we we we only only only ____48____ ____48____ ____48____ problems problems problems one one one way. way. way. Having Having Having a a a mix mix mix of of of male male male and and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster. Currently, only 7 percent of our nursing staff are men; this number is far too low, and the problem problem requires requires requires correction. correction. correction. Having Having Having more more more male male male nurses nurses nurses will will will help help help create create create a a a positive positive positive ____49____ ____49____ between male and female staff, and it will ____50____ patients the choice of a male or female carer. I am determined to take on more male nurses here at Central Hospital. I will be organizing an an open open open day day day soon soon soon to to to allow allow allow interested interested interested young young young men men men to to to visit visit visit our our our hospital hospital hospital and and and find find find out out out more more more about about nursing. Hopefully, we will have more male nurses in our hospital soon! Keys: 41-45 GCHEJ 46-50 BFIDK Four 【2014届上海市长宁区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accurate B.alteration C. average D. calculates E. conceal F. enormously G. initial H. intervals I. merely J. multiply K. prediction Beyond two or three days, t he world’s best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless. The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather — and to a global forecaster, small small can can can mean mean mean thunderstorms thunderstorms thunderstorms and and and snowstorms snowstorms snowstorms —— any any ____41____ ____41____ ____41____ fails fails fails rapidly. rapidly. rapidly. Errors Errors Errors and and uncertainties ____42____, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风旋风) ____43____ satellites can see. The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some ____44____ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at at one-foot one-foot one-foot ____45____ ____45____ ____45____ all all all the the the way way way to to to the the the top top top of of of the the the atmosphere. atmosphere. atmosphere. Suppose Suppose Suppose every every every sensor sensor sensor gives gives perfectly perfectly ____46____ ____46____ ____46____ readings readings readings of of of temperature, temperature, temperature, pressure, pressure, pressure, dampness, dampness, dampness, and and and any any any other other other quantity quantity quantity a a meteorologist (气象工作者气象工作者) would want. Exactly at noon a(n) _____47____ powerful computer takes takes all all all the the the data data data and and and ____48____ ____48____ ____48____ what what what will will will happen happen happen at at at each each each point point point at at at 12.01, 12.01, 12.01, then then then 12.02, 12.02, 12.02, then then 12.03 …The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain rain on on on a a a day day day one one one month month month away. away. away. At At At noon noon noon the the the spaces spaces spaces between between between the the the sensors sensors sensors will will will ____49____ ____49____ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ____50____. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe. Keys: 41-45 KJIGH 46-50 AFDEC Five 【2014届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. investments B.enough C. unconditional D. degree E. loyalty F. back G . relevant H. doubly I. commitment J. promoted K. demonstrate Although Although many many many companies companies companies offer offer offer tuition tuition tuition repayment, repayment, repayment, most most most companies companies companies only only only repay repay repay employees employees for for classes classes classes that that that are are 41___ 41___ to to to their their their position. position. position. This This This is is is a a a very very very limiting limiting limiting policy. policy. policy. A A A company company company that that repays employees for all college credit courses —whether job related or not —offers a service not only to the employees, but to the entire company. One good reason for giving employees_____42_____tuition repayment is that it shows the company’s commitment to its employees. In today’s economy, where job security is a thing of the past and employees feel more and more expendable, it is important for a company to____43____ to its employees that it cares. The best way to do this is with concrete _____44_____ in them. In turn, this commitment to the betterment of company employees will create greater employee_____45____. A company that puts out funds to pay for the education of its employees will will get get get its its its money_____46_____ money_____46_____ money_____46_____ by by by having having having employees employees employees stay stay stay with with with the the the company company company longer. longer. longer. It It It will will reduce reduce employee employee employee turnover, turnover, turnover, because because because even even even employees employees employees who who who don’t don’t don’t take take take advantage advantage advantage of of of the the the tuition tuition repayment repayment program program program will will will be be be more more more loyal loyal loyal to to to their their their company company company just just just knowing knowing knowing that that that their their their company company cares____47____to pay for their education. Most importantly, the company that has an unrestricted unrestricted tuition tuition tuition repayment repayment repayment program program program will will will have have have higher higher higher quality quality quality employees. employees. employees. Although Although Although these these companies do indeed run the risk of losing money on employees who go on to another job in a different company as soon as they get their _____48_____, more often than not, the employee will stay with the company. And even if employees do leave after graduation, it generally takes several years to complete any degree program. Thus, even if the employee leaves upon graduating, throughout those years, the the employer employer employer will will will have have have a a a more more more sophisticated, sophisticated, sophisticated, more more more intelligent, intelligent, intelligent, and and and therefore therefore therefore more more more valuable valuable valuable and and productive productive employee. employee. employee. And, And, And, if if if the the the employee employee employee stays, stays, stays, that that that education education education will will 49_____ 49_____ benefit benefit benefit the the company: Not only is the employee more educated, but now that employee can be 50_____ so the company doesn’t have to fill a high -level vacancy from the outside. Open positions can be filled filled by by by people people people who who who already already already know know know the the the company company company well. well. well. Though Though Though unconditional unconditional unconditional tuition tuition tuition repayment repayment requires requires a a a significant significant investment on on the the the employer’s employer’s part, part, it it it is is is perhaps perhaps one one of of of the the the wisest wisest investments a company can make. Keys: 41-45 G C K A E 46-50 F B D H J Six 【2014届上海市闵行区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. In the time that records have been kept of bird populations, 20 percent of all species have gone____41____. gone____41____. More More More are are are likely likely likely to to to follow. follow. follow. In In In March March March the____42____of the____42____of the____42____of a a a large-scale, large-scale, large-scale, 24-year 24-year survey survey gave gave gave one one one of of of the the the clearest clearest clearest pictures pictures pictures yet yet yet of of of the the the decline decline decline of of of Australian Australian Australian and and and Asian Asian Asian shorebirds, shorebirds, including the long-distance migrants (候鸟候鸟) that are most difficult to ____43____. The results of the survey are awful. Every October for more than two decades, teams from the University of New South Wales in Australia counted birds from an airplane flown low over 130,000 square miles of wetlands in the eastern eastern third third third of of of the the the continent. continent. continent. Their Their Their ____44_____ ____44_____ ____44_____ showed showed showed a a a steady steady steady decline, decline, decline, beginning beginning beginning in in in the the mid-1980s. mid-1980s. By By By 2006 2006 2006 the the the number number number of of of migratory migratory migratory shorebirds shorebirds shorebirds had had had dropped dropped dropped by by by 73 73 73 percent percent percent and and and the the number of Australia’s resident of shorebirds had fallen by 81 percent. “The ____45____of the decline took us by surprise,” says evolutionary ecologist Silke Nebel of the University o f Western Ontario in London, the lead author of the report. The The survey survey survey ____46____ ____46____ ____46____ that that that inland inland inland wetlands wetlands wetlands were were were more more more important important important to to to both both both resident resident resident and and A. revealed B. counts C. responsible D. release E. virtually F. extent F. extent G. annually H. extinct I. extends J. monitor K. realized migratory birds than had been ____47____, and that wetland loss from damming (筑坝) and the diversion (分散) ) of of of river river river water water water for for for irrigation irrigation irrigation was was was at at at least least least in in in part part part ____48____for ____48____for ____48____for the the the shorebird shorebird decline decline in in in Australia. Australia. Australia. But But But wetlands wetlands wetlands are are are becoming becoming becoming smaller smaller smaller in in in countries countries countries all all all along along along the the the major major flyway flyway that that that ____49________49________49____from from from eastern eastern eastern Siberia Siberia Siberia to to to New New New Zealand, Zealand, Zealand, the the the study’s study’s study’s authors authors authors note, note, note, so so protecting protecting the the the 8 8 8 million million million birds birds birds that that that use use use the the the corridor corridor corridor ____50_____will ____50_____will ____50_____will require require require an an an international international solution. Keys: 41-45 HDJBF 46-50 AKCIGSeven 【2014届上海市奉贤区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. absorbed B. analysis C. dramatic D. process E. responses F. expressing G . tough H. reasoning I. conclusion J. touching K. associated You You watch watch watch a a a sad sad sad film film film and and and get get get caught caught caught up up up in in in your your your emotions. emotions. emotions. You You You cry cry cry your your your eyes eyes eyes out out out at at at the the ____41____plot--- ____41____plot--- you you you feel feel feel sad sad sad for for for the the the characters characters characters if if if they they they suffer, suffer, suffer, or or or happy happy happy for for for them them them they they they are are successful. It is only when the movie is over that you realize that what you were watching is not real. But why couldn’t you accept that when you were so ____42____in the movie? It was reported that people simply cannot think emotionally and logically at the same time. It It has has has long long long been been been known known known that that that something something something different different different goes goes goes on on on in in in our our our brain brain brain when when when we we we use use use logic, logic, rather than responding to something emotional. Thinking logically is step-by-step____43____, in which which people people people make make make decisions decisions decisions through____44____and through____44____and through____44____and find find find answers answers answers sensibly. sensibly. sensibly. When When When we we we think think emotionally, we look at things from someone else’s point of view and try to feel their pain. Now scientists have found that thinking logically and emotionally are like the two ends of a seesaw (跷板)---)---when when we’re busy sympathizing, the part of the brain used for cold, hard____45____hard____45____is restricted. And it’s also true the other way is restricted. And it’s also true the other way round. To come to this____46____, scientists gathered 45 people---men and women---to take brain scans as they solved different kinds of puzzles. Some of the puzzles were____47____and involved math and physics and others were social problems, the region in their brain that is____48____with logical logical thinking thinking thinking lit lit lit up, up, up, and and and when when when asked asked asked to to to make make make emotional emotional emotional decisions, decisions, decisions, the the the region region region for for for emotional emotional thinking lit up. But the most interesting part is that when asked to solve problems that required both logical and emotional____49____, the participants always used one of the regions at a time while the other one went dark. However, people sometimes ended up using the wrong one. This explains why some people are are good good good at at at solving solving solving complex complex complex math math math problems problems problems but but but have have have poor poor poor social social social skills. skills. skills. And And And why why why even even even the the smartest people get taken in by fake but ____50____stories. Keys: 41-45 CADHB 46-50 IGKEJ Eight 【2014届上海市静安区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. In giving advice, you must learn to und erstand the person’s level of judgment. There will be some people who come to you with unconnected knowledge, talking about, say, Vitamin B12 and other modern_____41_____. When they ask advice, begin at that level. Unless you start at their own level, they will not be able to understand. You must explain to them in scientific terms the effects of the food they eat, and how they need to _____42_____it. You have to train yourself to be very_____43_____. Staying at one level is not being a free man. man. If If If we we we stay stay stay at at at a a a very very very high high high level level level all all all the the the time, time, time, that that that is is is not not not practical. practical. practical. A A A limitless limitless limitless person person person goes goes _____44_____from one level of thinking to another, according to his circumstances. To do this we must get rid of our unwillingness to change our way of thinking or behavior, become friends with everyone, and have the same loving feelings for everyone. Then we can give advice to all kinds of people. If there is someone or something you dislike, you are still_____45_____, and your ability to give advice is reduced. For anyone, the same. A free person acts like that. A. change B. repeatedly C. dependent D. limited E. flexible F. proper G. respect H. concepts I. explained J. freely K. figure You cannot stay with a sick person all the time. You must _____46_____ a person’s freedom as much as you can. If people really want to die, let them —it is their freedom. The point is never to become an authority_____47_____; remain a friend or advisor. People should not come back _____48_____for consultation; if they do, your advice has been incomplete —you did not know how to give the _____49_____advice about freedom. If they do not understand that, sick people become slaves; they are still afraid inside, and are_____50_____. That is no way to build a healthy world and help people become happy and free. Keys: 41-45 HAEJD 46-50 GKBFC Nine 【2014届上海市崇明区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. spread B. formal C. chance D. found E. objective F. experience G. divisions H. economical I. respect J. replaced K. classroom The idea of the youth hostel(旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German German school school school teacher, teacher, teacher, who who who felt felt felt that that that there there there was was was a a a need need need for for for overnight overnight overnight accommodation accommodation accommodation for for for his his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the ____41____. He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like. The first youth hostel was op ened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, a fter which it was ____42____by ____42____by a a a permanent permanent permanent hostel hostel hostel in in in Altena Altena Altena Castle. Castle. Castle. Schirrmann Schirrmann Schirrmann went went went on on on to____43____the to____43____the German German Youth Youth Youth Hostel Hostel Hostel Association Association Association in in in the the the year year year 1919. 1919. 1919. By By By this this this time, time, time, the the the idea idea idea of of of the the the youth youth youth hostel hostel had____44____ far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further. And And then, then, then, in in in the the the year year year 1932, 1932, 1932, a(n) a(n) a(n) ____45____organization ____45____organization ____45____organization called called called the the the International International International Youth Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, Poland, the the the Netherlands, Netherlands, Netherlands, Norway, Norway, Norway, Britain, Britain, Britain, Ireland, Ireland, Ireland, France, France, France, P.F. P.F. Productions Productions Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933. The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get____46____accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores (家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the ____47____to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work. Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class ____48____and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain ____49____, but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the____50____of staying in a youth hostel. Keys: 41-45 KJDAB 46-50 HCGIF Ten 【2014届上海市普陀区高三英语一模试题】Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. cultivation B. farmed C. constant D. machinery E. plunged F. lightning G. envy H. precious I. uncomfortable J. aircrafts K. consequence Modern inventions have speeded up people’s loves amazingly. Motor -cars cover a hundred miles miles in in in little little little more more more than than than an an an hour, hour, hour, ____41____ ____41____ ____41____ cross cross cross the the the world world world inside inside inside a a a day, day, day, while while while computers computers operate operate at at at ____42____ ____42____ ____42____ speed. speed. speed. Indeed, Indeed, Indeed, this this this love love love of of of speed speed speed seems seems seems never-ending. never-ending. Every Every year year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts of of saving saving ____43____ seconds in handling tasks. All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the ____44____ feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies bodies feel feel feel that that that they they they have have have been been been left left left behind behind behind on on on another another another time time time zone. zone. zone. Again, Again, Again, spending spending spending too too too long long long at at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists; too much use may send harmful radiation into our brains, a ____45____ we do 。
上海市宝山区市级名校2023-2024学年英语高三第一学期期末质量检测模拟试题含解析
上海市宝山区市级名校2023-2024学年英语高三第一学期期末质量检测模拟试题注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．We Chinese are drinking ______ milk per person today as we did in 1995.A．more than twice B．twice as muchC．twice as many as D．twice as much as2．．What I like about Harvard is there’s the old classical look—there are parks and traditional buildings.A．why B．where C．that D．how3．—Tom, do you enjoy your present job?—________. I just do it for a living.A．Of course B．Not reallyC．Not likely D．That’s all right4．The majority of new businesses fail because, ________ they have a product or service that fills a gap in the market, they usually lack the skills in sales, marketing, and administration.A．now that B．even ifC．as long as D．as though5．After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.A．which B．howC．what D．having6．The first decade in the 21st century _______ the rapid rise of China as a world economic power.A．witness B．has witnessed C．will witness D．have witnessed7．A heavy sandstorm is going to envelop our city. It is unwise to have yourcar .A．wash B．washedC．washing D．to wash8．At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America.A．was to become B．becomesC．is to become D．became9．— Could you turn the TV down a little bit?— ________. Is it disturbing you?A．Take it easy. B．I’m sorry. C．Not a bit D．It depends10．I really don’t know how to express my thanks to Mr. Li, my high school English teacher, without whose help I__________ to college that year.A．weren’t to go B．hadn’t been able to goC．couldn’t go D．couldn’t have gone11．No student ________ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher.A．might B．mustC．shall D．could12．Some drunken drivers think that they may be lucky to________a fine, which may cost their own lives.A．get through B．get along withC．get down to D．get away with13．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently.A．all of which B．each of which C．all of them D．each of them14．Though he lacks experience, the arrangements are all _______ for the meeting next Thursday ahead of time.A．in particular B．in place C．in preparation D．in time15．Difficulties strengthen the mind, _____ labour does the body.A．if B．asC．for D．so16．---I cannot _____ what I have done to annoy Jessica.---No worries. She is kind of sensitive.A．turn out B．make out C．put out D．leave out17．—Why did you let ____ kids off this time?—I just want to give them ____ second chance．A．/; the B．the;/ C．the; the D．the; a18．Office furniture like chairs and sofas should be attractive as well as comfortable.A．manually B．visuallyC．physically D．securely19．Just as the famous man _____it, “Anything one man can imagine, other men can make____real.”A．says, it B．put, / C．says, / D．put, them20．You can ask anyone for help. ________ here is willing to lend you a hand. A．Everyone B．No oneC．One D．Someone第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2024学年上海市宝山区淞浦中学英语高三第一学期期末学业质量监测模拟试题含解析
2024学年上海市宝山区淞浦中学英语高三第一学期期末学业质量监测模拟试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．You _____ read a book in the sun—it'll do harm to your eyes．A．couldn't B．wouldn't C．needn't D．mustn't2．I ______ for Shanghai this Saturday, so I want to know when the earliest plane______.A．leave; takes off B．am leaving; takes offC．leave; is taking off D．am leaving; is taking off3．After the fire，________________ would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes.A．that B．itC．what D．which4．“Could we put off the meeting？” she asked.“________.” He answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”A．Not likely B．Not exactlyC．Not nearly D．Not really5．Reporters asked him to ______ his position on welfare reform.A．clarify B．divide C．instruct6．Justin a book about his adventures in Tibet．I hope he can find a good publisher when it is finished．A．was writing B．is currently writing C．has already written D．wrote7．As economy is declining, jobs ________to the young, continue to be scarce. A．available B．convenientC．comfortable D．valuable8．—I will fix your printer right now.—Oh, ________. I’m in no hurry.A．take your time B．that’s a great ideaC．you are welcome D．I’d like to9．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a mealto be cooked.A．laid B．layingC．to lay D．being laid10．Linda ________ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s.A．attended B．had attended C．would attend D．has attended11．— How much do you charge for the iPhone?—Well,it cost me $ 400,but I’ll ________ 20% as it’s no longer new.A．reduce to B．decrease toC．knock off D．cut off12．Had it not been for his experience in the forest，we ____________ in the battle with the fierce bear.A．hadn't survived B．wouldn't have survivedC．didn't survived D．wouldn't survive13．We’d better discuss everything ______before we wor k out the plan.A．in detail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time14．-- Are you happy with this laboratory?-- Not a little. We can’t have ________.A．a worse one B．a nicer one C．a worst one D．a nicest one15．_____ working ability，you are no worse than the others，it is just you who don’t put your heart in your work．A．In favor of B．In honor of C．In terms of D．In case of16．You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. A．purpose B．reference C．memory D．assessment17．Advertising often functions as an indicator for ______ society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time.A．what B．whetherC．how D．which18．Every great accomplishment rests on the of what came before it; when you trace it back, yo u’ll see one small step that started it all.A．reputation B．expectationC．recreation D．foundation19．—Did you meet Mr. Smith?—Yes. When I arrived, he ________ for New York to attend a press conference. A．was just leaving B．just leftC．just leaves D．had just left20．The importance ______ a national day and how it is celebrated are very different from country to country.A．connected to B．given to C．meaning to D．attached to第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2024届上海宝山区高三一模英语试题及答案
2023学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科教学质量监测试卷（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2023.12I.Listening comprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and a question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.$20. B.$40. C.$60. D.$80.2. A.In a language lab. B.In a health center. C.In a museum. D.In a bookstore.3. A.On the bed. B.In the wardrobe. C.Under the lamp.D.Near the map.4. A.Shop assistant and customer. B.Husband and wife.C.Colleagues.D.Neighbors.5. A.He agrees with the woman on school life.B.He has much change after going to college.C.He dislikes his life on campus.D.He has remained the same since last year.6. A.He is lining up.B.He is jumping the queue unknowingly.C.He is complaining of the long queue.D.He is standing behind the woman.7. ing core vocabulary.B.Having a general knowledge of grammar.C.Remembering more words.D.Concentrating on the key words.8. A.She has failed in the final exams.B.She should focus on her study.C.She should not have been anxious.D.She shouldn't take too many courses.9. A.Ask his mum to pay for his study.B.Do some part-time jobs.C.Transfer to another school next semester.D.Talk about it with his mum.10. A.It is full of nonsense.B.It can hardly arouse the woman's interest.C.It should be lent to more people.D.It is appealing to him.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.A naturalist. B.A zoo specialist.C.A TV reporter.D.A nurse.12. A.They are gentle and shy. B.They are long-armed man-eatersC.They are good at smile from ear to ear.D.They are fierce animals.13. A.Many species in the world may die out.B.A good example can be followed to preserve wildlife.C.Women are encouraged to work for zoos.D.Our world is not safe today.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.Industrial management. cational subjects.C.Vocational subjects.puter-aided design.15. A.Admissions Tutors. B.Persons in the information office.C.Careers'tutors.D.Persons in the library.16. A.Foreign language. B.Work experience.cational background.D.Students'talent.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.Because they usually set fires at a wedding ceremony.B.Because people who receive them will give the couple a red envelop with money.C.Because they look like small bombs in a red envelop.D.Because Chinese people love red color especially at their wedding ceremonies.18. A.They often refer to a gift registry from the bride and groom.B.They directly ask the bride and groom for some advice.C.They usually buy whatever they like themselves.D.They prefer to buy some special and expensive gifts.19. A.They have to promise to be responsible for their family.B.They often promise to take care of each other's parents.C.They usually promise to love and care for each other.D.They need promise to bring a happy life to the other.20. A.Chinese love alcohol while Americans prefer wine instead.B.Chinese toast with dishes but Americans toast with a cake.C.In China people toast after dancing but in U.S.people tend to toast before dancing.D.In China the bride and groom toast the guests while in U.S.guests toast the couple.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammaticallycorrect.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.When people need to make important decisions,one of their first steps is usually to collect information about the issue at hand.And the more crucial the decision is,the more information people or businesses and organizations usually want.(21)_____computers are capable of collecting and analyzing far more information than human beings,it makes sense that organizations would use them for this purpose.This use and analysis of large amounts of information is known as big data.To decide if data sets count as big data,they are evaluated using three standards,(22)_____(know)as"the three Vs."The first is volume:Big data involves large amounts of data,most of(23)_____comes without structure or organization.The second is velocity meaning speed:Big data is received quickly because it often reaches the programs that use it directly from the internet.Many of these programs(24)_____(design)to adapt to changes in the data quickly as well.Finally,big data offers(25)_____(great)variety than traditional data, including more unstructured data.Because of the three Vs,human analysts can only work with big data with the help of computer programs designed to manage it.Businesses can use big data to help understand their customers,either as a group or individually.For example,some(26)_____(stream)websites rely on big data to suggest music or television offerings tailored to the user's interests.Big data can also help companies decide how much inventory(库存)they need so that they don't waste money producing and storing products that customers(27)_____not buy.In healthcare,programmers(28)_____(develop)tools to help doctors and patients to make medical decisions using big data.This can process information about specific patients from at-home medical devices such as heart-rate monitors.Governments can use big data(29)_____(plan)efficient public transportation systems and identify roads that need maintenance.When used for this purpose,big data is not controversial.But some oppose other uses of big data by governments(30)_______________they might impact on citizens'privacy in an attempt to control behavior.Big data can be a useful tool for many types of organizations that seek to use it to make better decisions to benefit people.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.invaluableB.roughlyC.satisfyingD.distractionE.simplyF.advantageG.reasonable H.performed I.schedule J.planned K.excellencePeople tend to think that productivity involves doing several things at once,but according to Cal Newport, the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking.Newport is the author of Deep Work,a book that describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with31.Newport defines deep work as"the ability to focus without32on a cognitively(认知地)demanding task."It's the opposite of shallow work,which is made up of simple tasks that are usually33while distracted.According to Newport,deep work is a(n)34skill in today's economy.It allows you to learn difficult things quickly and produce at a high level.Most people are distracted when they work,so you learn to work without distraction,that gives you35.Deep work enables you to produce to the best of your ability andacquire new skills quickly.Developing excellence in one's craft can be a deeply36try.But deep work itself is also a skill,which means the more time you spend at it,the easier it gets.Moreover,if you only work at a shallow level,your ability to do deep work decreases.So how do you conduct deep work into your work life or your studies?It's essentially important to37 deep work into your day.Otherwise,it's easy to let your time fill up with shallow work.Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day.That way you get it done before distractions build up.Shallow work does need to get done,but if you save it for later in the day,you can get your deep work done,too.Scheduling deep work sessions for the same time every day can turn them into a habit.This makes it easier to spend time on them.Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding,you won't be able to do it all day.Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for38an hour,and even experts have trouble going more than four hours. So set39goals for yourself.If you really focus,you'll be surprised at how much you accomplish in a few hours.By focusing on40sessions of deep work,you can get more done in less time and feel more satisfied. III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ideally,childhood is a time of growth and learning,preparing for adulthood and also having fun.But for many children around the world,this time is cut short when they are forced to work,sometimes in dangerous conditions.41,the United Nations(U.N.),some national governments and other organizations42June 12as the annual World Day Against Child Labor.As of2020,around160million children worked as child laborers,which means that one child in10was a child laborer.43,child labor has decreased over the past20years,but in recent years,this progress has stopped.Child labor is44from ordinary housework,helping with a family business or(for older children) working to earn pocket money when not in school.Work done by children is45as child labor when it harms the child physically,mentally,socially or46,or when it prevents the child's education.About79million children are engaged in hazardous child labor.Sometimes this means the work itself is dangerous because of heavy machinery or exposure to47.Hazardous child labor can also involve harsh conditions,long hours,or48to various kinds of abuse.The primary goal of the World Day Against Child Labor is raising49of the issue and encouraging individuals,organizations and governments bating(打击)child labor is a complex task.It involves social workers who identify child laborers and take action to provide these children and their families with other51.But it also involves change in communities as a whole,52the social regulations that can lead adults to make their children work.Child labor and poverty often go hand in hand as parents feel removing their children from school is necessary to earn money for their survival.So,measures meant to fight53are also tied to preventing child labor.Ensuring that children have quality educational opportunities is also important.If more opportunities were 54,more parents might give up the immediate benefit of a child's paycheck to give that child an education.Child labor is harmful to children and to communities,since it prevents children from growing into healthy, educated citizens who could make a(n)55in society.By highlighting the problem and offering a variety of solutions,the World Day Against Child Labor can make the situation a bit better.41.A.In addition B.As a result C.Above all D.After all42.A.recognize B.discover C.choose D.consider43.A.Nevertheless B.Therefore C.Overall D.Moreover44.A.distinguished B.transferred C.ranged D.evolved45.A.evaluated B.classified bined D.separated46.A.sincerely B.negatively C.positively D.morally47.A.chemicals B.lights C.wastes D.gases48.A.harm B.pollution C.exposure D.danger49.A.value B.awareness C.status D.significance50.A.take place B.take care C.take over D.take action51.A.options B.questions C.elements D.examples52.A.promoting B.urging C.challenging D.adjusting53.A.disease B.disaster C.survival D.poverty54.A.available B.sustainable C.accessible D.advisable55.A.choice B.difference C.effort D.decisionSection BDirections:Read the following four passages.Each passage is followed by several questions.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)During the Second World War,Dr.William Walsh served on a U.S.Navy ship in the South Pacific.While serving there,Walsh observed the poor health conditions in which the people of the South Pacific lived.After the war ended in1945,Walsh founded an organization called Project Hope.Its goal was to bring health education and care to people in poor countries around the world.In1958,Walsh convinced U.S.President Eisenhower to allow Project Hope to rent a U.S.Navy hospital ship for just one dollar a year.Many companies and ordinary people donated money to Project Hope.The organization used the funds to turn the navy ship into a civilian hospital ship called the SS Hope.During the next14years,the SS Hope traveled to every region of the world.Wherever it went,it provided health care for needy people and helped poor countries establish their own health care systems.In1974,the SS Hope was retired from service,and Project Hope began to provide health care on land instead.The story of the SS Hope inspired Don and Deyon Stephens to buy a passenger ship in1978and transform it into another hospital ship.Since then,their organization,called Mercy Ships,has sent ships equipped with medical supplies and hospital beds around the world.Doctors volunteer to travel on these vessels or ships and perform free surgeries on people who need them.They can correct people's vision,straighten bent limbs,remove facial tumors(肿块)and more.Mercy Ships also provides medical equipment for local health clinics and builds medical facilities. In addition,it teaches local people how to farm their land more effectively and more sustainably.56.What happened to the SS Hope in1974?A.It sank unexpectedly.B.It was fully repaired.C.It launched new services.D.It ceased operations.57.Who gave Walsh permission to use a ship for one dollar?A.An entertainer in America.B.Two American accountants.C.An America's top politician.D.Smart American investors.58.What does the article indicate about surgeries on Mercy Ships'vessels?A.They put physicians and nurses at risk.B.They're done at no charge to patients.C.They mainly benefit wealthy individuals.D.They've resulted in serious infections.59.According to this article,what do local people learn to do with the aid of Mercy Ships?A.Make a good living from tourism.B.Grow crops with greater success.C.Manufacture popular electronics.D.Establish education institutions.(B)From:Bridget Pecolini<*************************>To:Anson Wong<*********************>Re:Questions about online math contestDate:June18,2023Dear Mr.Wong,Thank you for your email.We're so glad your children are signed up to participate in our math contest.I hope it will be a rewarding and enriching experience for them.You can access the training session and practice tests by logging into our website at .Once you're signed in,you will see several tabs on the left-hand side.One of them will say"Enrolled."If you click on the drop-down menu there,you'll find the names of the children you registered.If you click on each name,you'll be given the option of joining a training session or doing practice tests.I hope that answers your question!Please let me know if you need any further help.Sincerely,Bridget Pecolini60.What can Gary do at the beginning of August?A.He can take a class to learn how to succeed.B.He can do the contests from two years ago.C.He can contact the contest organizers.D.He can try the most recent practice contest.61.Why did Bridget contact Anson?A.She was checking in on him.B.She was responding to his email.C.She was looking for information.D.She was asking him to pay.62.When does the official contest take place?A.It takes place on June18.B.It takes place on August7.C.It takes place on August12.D.It takes place on August14.(C)You constantly find yourself apologizing to a friend when you've done nothing wrong.You feel you must obey someone's demands,or they will be upset with you or even harm you or themselves.An unclear or specific threat is made that causes you to fear that someone will reveal a secret or weakness,so you do what that person wants.Or perhaps a relative is trying to make you feel obliged to do something by saying,"That's what friends or family do for each other."They arouse feelings of guilt in you for not meeting their needs.If you have had experience with any of these cases,then you are the victim of emotional blackmail(勒索). This style of handle controls you through your emotions.Fear,obligation and guilt-FOG-are used by an emotional blackmailer to get what they want from people.Anyone-a friend,colleague,parent,partner or other family members-could be that person.Their demands are intended to control their victim's behavior in unhealthy methods.Intentional or unintentional,if your needs are always brushed aside in favor of the other person's,things need to change.Dr.Susan Forward identifies six stages in emotional blackmail.Implied or obvious demands come first."I don't think you should do things with that person.They're not good for you."After this kind of statement,the ball is in the victim's court,so stage two is resistance.The victim often avoids the blackmailer or suggests alternatives instead of saying no.Stage three is persistent pressure by the blackmailer:"If we were really friends,you'd do it." Stage four involves threats:"If you don't do this...then I will..."The victim doesn't want the blackmailer to make good on their threats,so obedience,which is stage five,often leaves the victim feeling guilty or resentful.In stage six the blackmailer backs off until the next demand.What can you do?First,recognize if you are being pressured,threatened or controlled.Stay calm,and stop so you can consider other possibilities.Identify your triggers;don't be pressured into an immediate response.Offer a compromise(妥协).Tell the blackmailer how you feel,and give them a chance to acknowledge their behavior and change.If they won't,walk away from the relationship.Under no circumstances should you let your fears be used against you.63.According to the passage,emotional blackmail means______.A.a kind of emotion that can be mailed to others onlineB.a kind of action to influence others by means of emotionC.a colour that can greatly influence others'emotionD.a situation where emotion can be stored and given out freely64.What is the purpose of using Dr.Susan Forward's six stages in emotional blackmail?A.To illustrate the process of emotional blackmail.B.To explain the origin of emotional blackmail.C.To prove the existence of emotional blackmail.D.To demonstrate the theory of emotional blackmail.65.The word resentful in the last paragraph but one most probably means______.A.amazedB.frightenedC.indifferentD.angry66.We can conclude from the passage that______.A.wherever you are,it is impossible to avoid emotional blackmail in lifeB.whenever you're emotionally blackmailed,just let it be with no responseC.it's an advisable way to give a proper response when emotionally blackmailedD.it's a correct response to sincerely negotiate with emotional blackmailer thenSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.But this technology can be dangerous as well.B.You just need to have some experience with technology as well as a proper computer.C.Therefore,AI technology will be used more and more wildly in the future.D.AI text-to-image generators will become as common and easy to use as Google image search.E.Rather,it will categorize every possible detail.F.Meanwhile,the generator can help people to recognize various information accurately.Have you ever wondered what you would look like as a cartoon character or a marvel superhero?With the power of artificial intelligence(AI)text-to-image generators,you can create images just like that-without any art skills.67How does it work?AI text-to-image generators are trained through a process called machine learning.In this process,the generator's"brain"is fed massive numbers of images and learns to distinguish what they are.But the generator doesn't just learn to tell the difference between a banana and a balloon.68These pixel-level details are then stored in a mathematical space.When someone gives the generator a text passage such as"Doraemon riding a white horse,"the program uses algorithms(算法)to"think." Moments later,the program will create an entirely unique image that you requested.Some artists worry that they are being replaced by this technology.But other artists like to cooperate with the generator,using its power for ideas and inspiration.This powerful tool is now available to anyone through generators like Stable Diffusion and DALL-E.You can use them to create all kinds of imaginative images.69The dark sideGenerators like Stable Diffusion are trained using images that are gathered from all over the internet.But the training process doesn't exclude(排除)images that are violent or inappropriate,so the generators"learn"those as well.The DALL-E program comes with built-in filters that prevent it from generating perverse(变态的)images. But Stable Diffusion is an open-source technology,meaning that people can modify its code and remove the content filters.Despite this,Stable Diffusion's founder Emad Mostaque remains optimistic about how people will use his generator.He says,"The bad stuff that people create...will be a very,very small percentage of the total use."For better or for worse，70But don't generate anything you'd be ashamed to show your mother！IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Do you have a favorite podcast?That can be a difficult question to answer for some as there are so many options.That is because the world is full of interesting topics and thoughts about them.If you feel you have something engaging and valuable to share,start a podcast.A podcast is a series of audio episodes that cover a particular subject.The first step to creating a podcast is to find your topic.It's believed that the best topics are ones that you know a lot about and love.Another important step is to make sure you have the right equipment.While podcast equipment can be complex and expensive,it doesn't have to be.For your first podcast,you can simply rely on your phone and computer.You can record all of your audio on your phone.Then with your computer-and the right software-you can mix the audio.This is the process of putting your audio together into one perfect-sounding file.After you have your topic and equipment,you'll want to choose your format.Your podcast could be one person speaking,two people talking,or many people offering their opinions.Your podcast could also include more than one of these options.Once you've decided,you can start drafting your episodes.However,whatever format or formats you choose, maintain the same structure for each episode.The next step is to find a quiet place and do your recording.When you've completed your recording and audio mixing,you'll need to find a platform for your podcast. Luckily there are plenty of free and paid platform options on which to upload your podcast.Before uploading, make sure you have an interesting title and good tags for your show.Be sure to post about your show on social media.Get your podcast listed in a podcast directory,too.You want to get the word out about your podcast to grow your audience.Your podcast just might become someone's new favorite.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the word given in the brackets.72.坦白说，你昨天在会上表达的观点还是有争议的。
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宝山区2013学年第一学期期末高三年级英语学科质量监测试卷考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题采用多项选择题形式，答案必须涂写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的试题，其答案必须写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写姓名、班级、学校和准考证号,并用铅笔在答题纸上正确涂写准考证号。
第I卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. D. A student.2. A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Doctor and nurse.3. A. At a science exhibition. B. Near an art museum.C. At a news conference.D. Near a paint store.4. A. Lock the door carefully. B. Open the door.C. Fix the lock himself.D. Call a repairman.5. A. Find a larger room. B. Sell the old table.C. Buy two bookshelves.D. Rearrange some furniture.6. A. The choice of courses. B. A day course.C. An evening course.D. Their work.7. A. She will not take any medicine.B. She hasn’t got a bad cold.C. She will take some medicine in a week.D. She will take some medicine at once.8. A. The woman is planning a trip to Austin.B. The woman hasn’t been to Austin before.C. The woman doesn’t like Austin.D. The woman has been to Austin before.9. A. It was a long lecture, but easy to understand.B. It was not as easy as she had expected.C. It was as difficult as she had expected.D. It was interesting and easy to follow.10. A. She felt it was tiring. B. She felt it was very nice.C. She felt it took less time.D. She thought it was expensive.Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. D. On Friday.12. A. There will be only multiple-choice questions.B. The exam will be both multiple-choice and essay questions.C. The exam will have an oral and a written section.D. There will be only essay questions.13. A. It will be easy to pass the exam.B. Students will be tested on all the material discussed in the class.C. The exam will cover topics from a variety of academic fields.D. Students must complete all parts of the exam.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It helps reduce the cost for airlines.B. It is much cheaper for air travelers.C. It can use the computer to plan air travelling.D. It helps prevent passengers from losing their tickets.15. A. $60. B. $50. C. $70. D. $99.16. A. To attract travelers to take e-ticket flights.B. To punish those insisting on using paper tickets.C. To do much better than other airlines.D. To pay for the work to deal with lost tickets.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )As a student, I get so many assignments every day. I have to stay up late in order to finish all my homework. I used to complain about all this pressure (25) school with my classmates. We did not appreciate our teachers for their hard work. We only (26) (know) that we got a lot of homework.After a few months, we did not complain about homework anymore (27) we knew that our teachers worked (28) (hard) than we did. We had no right to complain. Sometimes, we said, ―I didn’t go to bed until 12:00 o’clock last night. Now I just want to sleep.‖ Our teacher would answer us, ―I go to bed at 1:00 a.m. every day.‖ Since we knew how hard teachers work, we started to appreciate them. To give our thanks, we wrote a big card to the teachers (29) it was teachers’ day. When they got our card, they (30) (touch) because their students finally knew the teachers’ effort.After giving the card, I realized (31) powerful the sentence ―thank you‖ is. When we give our thanks to somebody, the world is full of love. I say ―thank you‖ to my friends, family, classmates, teachers, and even strangers. I like to see the smiles on their faces, so (32) (say) ―thank you‖ every day is the way I make the world a better place.( B )The year before last, a new superhero landed on Earth to live among humans. When people needed help, Thor became their defender and saved (33) world. People loved Thor and the actor who played him — Chris Hemsworth.Hemsworth was born in Melbourne, Australia, in 1983. His family moved between Melbourne and the Northern Territory. In the Northern Territory, Hemsworth’s parents worked on a cattle station. The work required the family (34) (live) two hours from the nearest big city. Since they had no TV, Hemsworth and his brothers learned to entertain (35) . They played outside, (36) (build) weapons and forts (堡垒). Later the family settled on Philip’s Island south of Melbourne (37) Hemsworth enjoyed surfing.In 2012, Hemsworth played Thor again in the film The Avengers. He was one of a group of superheroes (38) (assemble) to save planet Earth. That film earned $1 billion worldwide in just 19 days! He also starred in (39) is called Snow White and the Huntsman. Audiences(40) ____ seem to get enough of him! A second Thor film, Thor 2, is due out in 2013.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The next time you’re riding a subway or bus, pay attention to your fellow passengers. Chances are you’ll see plenty of them with their heads down, tapping the screens of their tablets or41 on their smartphones. While these folks may be making good use of their time by staying42 , their bodies are paying a heavy price for such convenience.As hand-held devices such as smartphones and tablets are becoming more common, users are reporting some new 43 problems. Florida chiropractor (脊椎按摩师) Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of his patients 44 of neck and shoulder pain. He traced these 45 to the overuse of hand-held devices, specifically the action of bending the neck, and created the term ―Text Neck.‖ As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to 46 spinal (脊柱的) damage. He founded the Text Neck Institute in an effort to treat and educate those suffering from Text Neck. Treatments offered there include chiropractic care, physical therapy, massage therapy and exercise planning.In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck, use the following basic principles:●Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain (滥用) your neck, and stay aware of how your bodyis 47 in relation to the device.●Take frequent 48 when using any kind of mobile device.●When using a tablet, use a case that can back up the device at comfortable 49 angle.For those who 50 can’t take th eir eyes off their devices, there is an ironic twist –downloading a special app（应用程序）could help. Dr. Fishman has released an app called the Text Neck Indicator App, which measures the angle of your smartpphone. When the angle is appropriate, a green light appears in the upper corner of your screen. But when the angle puts you at risk for neck strain, the light turns red, obliging you to adjust your angle.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.More and more shoppers are buying things online these days, allowing them to avoid 51 salespeople and long lines at checkout counters. In spite of online convenience, 52 , there are some items — like clothes — that customers prefer to 53 before buying. In light of this, two companies are finding ways to modernize stores and 54 the gap between online and in-store retail (零售).A software company that also happens to sell designer jeans, Hointer has created a fast and painless shopping 55 for its customers.Shoppers walk into a Hointer store and select one of the many pairs of jeans 56 down from bars. Then they point their smartphones at the tag and 57 the Hointer app, after whichthey select the size and press ―try on.‖ The app then directs them to a specific dressing room. German-made robots bring out the 58 jeans and deliver them through a chute (斜槽) to the dressing room in about 30 seconds. Immediately after 59 pairs of jeans are dropped through another chute, the ―outbox,‖ they disappear from the list in the app.Purchases at Hointer are made with a swipe (刷卡) of a credit card. And interacting with a salesperson is optional! This allows Hointer to hire fewer people and focus on their ultimate goal: developing 60 that supports a retail revolution.Men’s clothing retailer Bonobos has 61 a more personalized shopping experience. Although it is —in fact —an online retailer, Bonobos has decided to open a handful of brick-and-mortar stores called Guideshops. Shoppers make a(n) 62 online before arriving at a Guideshop, where they receive one-on-one 63 from a fitting guide. Because these shops have limited inventories(存货), shoppers aren’t able to take home the outfits they select. But guides help shoppers make online purchases before they leave, after which the items will be 64 to customers in one or two days.While Hointer focuses on convenience, Bonobos Guideshops focus on customer service. But both efforts have one thing 65 : giving clothing retailers a new look for the 21st century.51. A. respectable B. considerate C. aggressive D. violent52. A. however B. therefore C. anyway D. moreover53. A. convince B. guarantee C. ensure D. examine54. A. break B. bridge C. shallow D. deepen55. A. experience B. mall C. direction D. principle56. A. hiding B. hanging C. storing D. labeling57. A. start B. upload C. save D. download58. A. desired B. well-designed C. promoted D. well-prepared59. A. qualified B. wanted C. chosen D. unwanted60. A. employment B. efficiency C. technology D. market61. A. come up with B. looked forward to C. looked up D. brought up62. A. decision B. appointment C. contribution D. impression63. A. contact B. instruction C. notice D. attention64. A. presented B. packaged C. delivered D. transferred65. A. in conclusion B. in common C. as usual D. in generalSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Any snakebite can be dangerous if infection sets in. Some types of snake poison make the bite area swollen (肿胀的) or painful. Others cause bleeding or damage the heart’s nerves. Here are some especially dangerous snakes:The largest of all poisonous snakes, king cobras can reach 5.5 meters in length. Each king cobra bite contains enough poison to kill an elephant — or 20 people. But these big snakes usually avoid people. They live throughout India, southern China and Southeast Asia.A bite from Australia’s inland taipan, the world’s most poisonous snake, releases enoughpoison to kill 100 men. The good news is that people rarely come in contact with this snake, and a treatment for its poison exists.Russell’s viper lives throughout Asia, including India, southern China, and on the island of Taiwan. It prefers grassy fields but can be found in forests and urban areas. It bites more people and causes more deaths than any other poisonous snake.Though short, the common Indian krait packs a powerful punch (攻击) in its bite. Most often, it strikes people at night while they are sleeping. Since the bite causes little pain, victims are often not sure that they have been bitten until they begin to experience stomach cramps (痉挛). Without treatment, symptoms will worsen quickly and can lead to death.The black mamba, a native of Africa, is actually olive or grey in color. Only the inside of its mouth is black. When black mambas feel threatened by a human, they make a loud hissing sound to warn the person away. If the warning is ignored, the snake will attack the person repeatedly. And they can attack quickly, moving over the ground at speeds of up to 20 kilometers per hour.66. According to this article, what is a particular feature of the king cobra?A. Its seasonal changes.B. Its lack of movement.C. Its sense of hearing.D. Its remarkable size.67. According to this article, which of the following is known for its speed?A. The inland taipan.B. The black mamba.C. The Indian krait.D. The Russell’s viper.68. What does the article imply about the inland taipan?A. It was once believed to be extinct.B. A chance meeting with it could be fatal.C. Some people keep one as a pet.D. Very little is known about its behavior.69. In which magazine would you most likely find this article?A. Let’s Explore NatureB. Weekly Travel DigestC. Psychology MagazineD. Global Warning News(B)Basketball, baseball and soccer are classic sports that people will always enjoy. And yet we keep changing popular games like these in new ways to keep them fresh.This game is played in swimming pools withtwo teams of six players. Each player hasflippers (蛙鞋), a snorkel and a stick used forhitting a puck (圆盘). Each team earns pointsby hitting the puck into its underwater goal.Other team members must be ready to takethe puck when a team member goes up forair. That makes underwater hockey a trueteam sport.ChessboxingA sport can also be revised by mixing it withanother game. In chessboxing, two playersThough these sports may not be common, give them a look or even a try. 70. Why does the author think Underwater Hockey is a true team sport?A. Because all players in a team wear the same flippers and use a stick to hit a puck.B. Because each player in a team has to cooperate with other team members in the match.C. Because it is played underwater, the game is more dangerous than the sports played on land.D. Because each team earns points by hitting the puck into its underwater goal.71. In Chessboxing, the winner will be the one who _____.A. wins both in chess and in boxingB. defeats his opponent in chessC. wins in chess or in boxingD. can knock his opponent out of the boxing ringCycleballAnother fun game to watch, cycleball is likeindoor soccer on wheels. Each player rides aspecial bike designed for the game. Likesoccer, a team must put the ball in a goal.However, there is a catch . The ball can onlybe touched with the bikes ’ wheels or theplayers ’ heads. This game requires a lot ofpractice to learn the skills needed.BossaballThis exciting sport is part volleyball and partsoccer. But unlike both of those sports,players jump up and down throughout thegame. That ’s because it ’s played on aninflatable (可充气的) volleyball court with atrampoline on either side of the net. Oneplayer bounce on the trampoline while up tofour others stand around it. A team cantouch the ball six times before sending itback across the net. Each player may touchthe ball once with arms or twice with otherbody parts.72. According to the article, at most how many players in all can take part in a Bossaball match?A. 4.B. 6.C. 8.D. 10.73. In Cycleball, the author mentions catch, whose meaning may be _____.A. sportB. skillC. ruleD. practice( C )Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls(民意调查), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable, nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings.A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs.The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education.Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those who have good relationship with other family members are happier than those who live alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factors.It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time.Children whose parents were happily married have happier childhoods, but are not necessarily happier adults.The best formula (准则) for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem.74. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. happiness is neither predictable nor apparentB. a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happyC. the rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income groupD. happiness is not necessarily connected to one’s situation in society75. According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon _____.A. a happy childhood in which one can do whatever he likesB. great wealth with which one can buy anythingC. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the betterD. a college degree that can help one achieve great success76. The letters AQ in the last paragraph most probably mean _____.A. ambition to defeat others in a severe competitionB. ability to overcome difficulty and get out of embarrassing situationC. methods of solving difficult problems and challenges in lifeD. attitudes towards severe competition especially in trouble77. The best title of this passage may be _____.A. What Does Happiness Consist inB. Happiness and UnhappinessC. Different Kinds of HappinessD. Causes of Happiness and UnhappinessSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Millions of personal computers across the world are running at this moment, but most are using just a fraction of their full capacity to process information. Imagine what could happen if the spare power of these millions of machines were used to solve global problems.The organization Charity Engine attempts to do just that. It enables researchers and companies to use the extra computing power of thousands of personal computers. These companies pay a usage fee that goes to carefully selected charities.The computersCharity Engine offers a free app that has the user’s computer do research as a background task. The program runs automatically, without direction from the user. Each computer works on a small chunk of a larger project and sends back its results. The results are combined to answer the researchers’ questions.The researchersCharity Engine mostly uses its computing power for companies doing scientific, medical or commercial research. For example, Rosetta@home attempts to help find cures for serious diseases by discovering the shapes of proteins. Another project, Einstein@Home, tests scientific theories. And another helps establishments in Africa such as universities search for ways to fight the spread of malaria.The CharitiesCharity Engine gives 50 percent of the profits from renting out computing power to various charities. Each organization it supports has a good reputation for working in an area of vital importance. Most of them seek to address the primary causes of poverty while bringing short-term relief. These include Oxfam, a network of organizations in 94 countries. Another is CARE International, one of the three largest international aid agencies, which works in 87 countries. Charity Engine also supports Doctors Without Borders, which supplies medical care, and WaterAid, which provides safe water and promotes hygiene(卫生) in developing countries. Another of its charities, Sightsavers, works to prevent and reverse blindness through medical treatments and provides training for the blind. Charity Engine helps many other organizations as well.An added bonusCharity Engine returns the other 50 percent of its earnings to the people who made it all possible. The app users are entered into draws. Chosen at random, the winners receive thousands of dollars in prizes!Thanks to Charity Engine, computing power that would have gone to waste is fighting poverty and bringing healing and hope.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What does Charity Engine help companies do?___________________________________________________________________________.79. How does Charity Engine spend its earnings?___________________________________________________________________________.80. The computers selected by Charity Engine help researchers and companies through ________.81. According to the passage, besides many organizations, Charity Engine mostly supports _____.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 部长的回答令所有在场的记者都很满意。