宾语补足语讲解及练习

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宾语补足语讲解

一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。

二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补

三宾语补足语的词语形式有：

副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词）

四、具体说明：

（1）副词作宾语补足语如：Ifoundhim in yesterday.

（2）形容词作宾语补足语如：Wemustkeepourclassroom clean.

（3）名词作宾语补足语如：Wecallthem mooncakes.

（4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：Ileftmypen onmydesk athome.

（5）不定式作宾语补足语如：Sheoftenasksme tohelp her.

Ioftenseehim play football.

用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：

①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。

如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.

②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有：

一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat

如：I saw theboy climb thewall（过程）

如：Theboss makes theboy work dayandnight.

这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。

Thoughhehadoften madehislittlesistercry,todayhe wasmadetocry byhislittlesister.

虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了

③表示心理状态的动词（consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等）后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think,consider,find后的tobe常可省略。

如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher.

如：Heprovedthetheory(tobe)veryimportant.

（6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Isawtheboy climbing thewall.（片

段）

（7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。

如：Isawanoldman knockeddown byacarjustnow.

（8）“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：

1、with+宾+形Helefttheroomwiththedoor open.方式

2、with+宾+副Withtheradio on,grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.伴随

3、with+宾+过去分词Themanwsbroughtinwithhishands tied behindhisback.方式

4、with+宾+不定式Withthisbook tohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkqickly.条件

5、with+宾+介词短语Themanleftthemeetingwithabook inhishand.伴随

6、with+宾+现在分词Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.伴随

宾语补足语练习题

1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee thenextyear.(NMET2000)

A.carryout

B.carryingout

C.carriedout

D.tocarryout

2.----There’saholeinyourbag.----Iknow,I’mgoingtohaveit_____.

A.mend

B.mending

C.mended

D.tobemended

3.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.

A.cry;tocry

B.crying;crying

C.cry;cry

D.tocry;cry

4.Theywouldnotallowhim_____acrosstheenemyline.

A.toriskgoing

B.riskingtogo

C.forrisktogo

D.riskgoing

5.Ifoundthedoor_____whenIgothome.

A.opened

B.close

C.unlocking

D.open

6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___.

A.notto

B.nottodo

C.notdo

D.donotto

7.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____.

A.goingon

B.goeson

C.wenton

D.togoon

8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.

A.settled???????

B.settling??????

C.tosettle????

D.beingsettled

9.Iadvised_____atonce.

A.himtostarting

B.himtostart

C.tostarting

D.tostart

10.WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill____.

A.beat

B.tobebeating

C.beating

D.wasbeating

11.Youhadbettergetadoctor_____yourbadtooth.

A.pullout

B.topullout

C.pulledout

D.pullingout

12.Hemanagedtomakehimselfwithhis____English.

A.understand;breaking

B.understand;broken

B. C.understood;breakingD.understood;broken

13.Thedoctoraskedhimnottoleavehiswound______.

A.expose

B.exposed

C.toexpose

D.exposing

14.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman____anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.

A.install

B.toinstall

C.tobeinstalled

D.installed

15.Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute______.

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

16.Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.

A.tobeadvertised

B.advertised

C.advertise

D.advertising

17.Hisremarksleftme_____abouthisrealpurpose.

A.wondered

B.wonder

C.towonder

D.wondering

18.WhenIcaughthim______meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.

A.cheating

B.cheat

C.tocheat

D.tobecheating

19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.

A.cry;tocry

B.crying;crying

C.cry;cry

D.tocry;cry

20.Didyouintendus___thenewmethod?

21.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.

A.Writing

B.written

C.towrite

D.iswriting

22.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___________.

A.notto

B.nottodo

C.notdoit

D.donotto

23.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_______wentwrongagain.

A.it

B.itrepaired

C.repaired

D.toberepaired

24.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingagoodtime.

A.settled???????

B.settling??????

C.tosettle????

D.beingsettled

25.Withtrees,flowersandgrass_____everywhere,mynativetownhadtakenonanewlook.

A.planting

B.planted

C.toplant

D.tobeplanted

26.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_____careof.

A.take

B.tobetaken

C.taken

D.taking

27.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade_____tothepublicuntillastThursday.