【人教版】高中英语必修一Unit 2单元知识点

必修一Unit2 English around the world

要点提炼Section A

重要词性变化

重点词汇，短语，句式

1.official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的

You will have to get official permission to cut down the trees.你得获得官方批准才可以砍伐这些树。There will be an official inquiry into the matter.将对这件事进行正式调查。

【拓展】official 或officer两者都有官员的意思，但是所指不同

1，official常指政府官员或行政官员

2，officer常指身特定制服的官员，如军官或者警官等。

练习：我爸爸是军官，而他爸爸是政府官员。

My father is an________ in the army, while his father is an________ in the government.

答案：officer official

3. native adj. 本国的；本土的n.本地人，本国人

The women are native people.这些妇女是本地人。

Finally, she returned to her native land.她最后返回了她的祖国。

The panda is a native of China.熊猫原产于中国。

【注意】native 做形容词用时，只能做前置定语。

be native to 意为（动植物）是…特有的，原产于…

The tiger is native to India, 这种虎产于印度。

4. actually adv. 实际上；事实上（相当于in fact/as a matter of fact）

He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.

他看起来很镇定，实际上却非常紧张。

Perhaps I will stay up and watch the film. Actually, I think I will just go to bed.

或许我会熬夜看这部电影，不过我想我还是去睡觉吧。

【其他】actually adv.居然；竟然

He actually expected me to pay for the ticket.他竟然指望我给他付票钱。

actual adj. 实在的；实际的；实际上；确实

What were his actual words? 他到底怎么说的？

5. base vt. 以…为基础n.基础；基地；

I based my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.我把希望寄托在我们昨天的得到的好消息上。This provides a good base for the development of new techniques.

这为新技术的发展奠定了良好的基础。

base sth on sth 以某事物为另一事物的根据或基础

be based on 以…为基础

on the base of… 以…为基础

an air base 空军基地

The story is based on facts.这个故事是以事实为基础的。

One should always base one’s opinions on facts.一个人的观点应该以事实为基础。

6．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地

Things gradually improved. 情况已经渐渐地改善。

gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的

This is a gradual change in his attitude towards his stepmother.

他对待继母的态度正在逐渐改变。

7. latter adj. 较后的；后半的；后者的

She lived a hard life in the latter part of her life.

在她的后半生，她过的很辛苦。

【注意】the latter (已提到的两者中的)后者，通常与the former(前者)相对应

They are two choices for us. Many boys support the farmer, but I favour the latter.

注意区分later 后来

8. frequent adj. 频繁的；常见的

His visit became less frequent as time passed.

随时时间的流逝，他渐渐不常登门了。

frequently adv. 常常；频繁的

Buses run frequently from the city to the airport.

公共汽车不断的从城市开往机场。

词组1. because of因为；由于

[典例]1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。

[短语归纳]

because of 是复合介词。

because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。

[练习] ⑴ He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.

⑵ The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.

⑶ we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.

because of的近义词组

thanks to 因为；由于

as a result of 由于…的原因

by reason of 因为

due to 因为，由于

owing to 归功于…

Thanks to his help, I finished the task on time.多亏了他的帮助，我按时完后了任务。

I had to stay at home due to the weather.由于天气原因我只能呆在家里。