2018版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分重点全程攻略Unit1Culturalrelics限时规范特训新

Unit 1 Cultural relics
Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时21′)
I have always been an independent person, but I have come to know that being independent does not mean refusing help. I may still be __1__ with asking for help, but I try to accept. Furthermore, I will even __2__ help and when my offers are refused, I am __3__ willing to walk away. And all these changes came from a disaster on an island.
Sometimes a person's independence is a __4__ of pride, daring, stubbornness and luck. I used to be too __5__ since I was little. I was once a traveler who never asked for __6__， choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way.
Then one day on the island of Koh Phangan, in Thailand, everything __7__. I was swimming in the ocean with Sean, my fiancé， when he was __8__ by a box jellyfish (箱形水母). He __9__ within three minutes, 25 years old. Yet when onlookers and travelers asked if I wanted __10__， stubborn pride and force of habit __11__ me accepting. But two young Israeli women stayed. __12__ my protest, they were with me even when the police tried to cover up the __13__ of Sean's death. It was listed as drunk drowning to avoid hurting the __14__ industry. The Israeli women __15__ have walked away. __16__， without even telling me, they __17__ their schedule rather than leave me behind.
__18__ I didn't realize it at the time, I now believe I would not have __19__ the disaster without these great women. Actually, the person who needs help the most is usually the last person to ask for it. I have learned __20__ is better than refusing because it not only helps you walk out of trouble, but also helps you know the real meaning of life.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。

作者通过自己的亲身经历领悟到一个道理：独立并不意味着要拒绝帮助，接受帮助胜过拒绝帮助，它不仅能帮你摆脱困境，还能帮助你明白生活的真谛。

1．A.struggling B．dealing
C．confused D．satisfied
答案：A struggle with意为“与……作斗争”，根据上下文逻辑关系可判断，“我”还在同“是否要寻求帮助”作斗争。

2．A.accept B． offer
C．seek D． desire
答案：B 根据下文的when my offers可分析判断，“我”甚至会给别人提供帮助。

3．A.occasionally B． frequently
C．usually D． seldom
答案：D 由语境可知，当“我”给别人提供帮助而被拒绝时，很少会心甘情愿地走开。

这与下文“我”拒绝别人的帮助时，对方还是留下来陪“我”的经历有关。

occasionally“偶
尔”；frequently “经常地”；usually“通常”；seldom“很少”。

4．A.range B． symbol
C．way D． mix
答案：D 句意：有时一个人的独立是骄傲、勇敢、顽强和运气的结合。

ran ge“一系列”；symbol“象征”；way“方式”；mix“混合，结合”。

5．A.adventurous B． brave
C．independent D． creative
答案：C 根据文章第一句以及下文的内容可分析判断，“我”是一个非常独立的人。

6．A.money B． equipment
C．directions D． suggestions
答案：C 根据第6空后面的“choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way”分析判断，“我”曾经旅行时从不问路。

money“钱”；equipment“装备”；direction“方向”；suggestion“建议”。

7．A.happened B． messed
C．changed D． disappeared
答案：C 根据第一段的最后一句中的all these changes分析判断，此处表示一切都变了。

故选C项。

8．A.attacked B． caught
C．followed D． impressed
答案：A 根据下文提到的“我”的未婚夫之死可分析，他受到了箱形水母的攻击。

attack“攻击”。

9．A.sunk B． died
C．failed D． recovered
答案：B 根据“25 years old”及第13空后面的“Sean's death”可分析判断，Sean 在三分钟之内就死了。

故选B项。

10．pany B． advice
C．comfort D． evidence
答案：A 可由上文分析判断，“我”正遭受着未婚夫突然去世的打击，再结合第11空后面的“two young Israeli women stayed”可知，周围的人在问作者是否需要陪伴。

company“陪伴”。

11．A.kept B． prevented
C．denied D． suggested
答案：B 由上下文可知，“我”固执的骄傲和习惯的力量阻止“我”接受别人提供的帮助。

prevent“阻止”。

12．A.In spite of B． In case of
C．In terms of D． As a result of
答案：A 此处表示尽管“我”反对，她们还是留下来陪“我”。

in spite of“尽管”；in case of“以防万一”；in terms of“就……而言”；as a result of“由于……”。

13．A.proof B． news
C．fact D． cause
答案：D 根据下一句中的“It was listed as drunk drowning”可知，警方尽力地掩
盖肖恩死亡的原因。

cause“原因”。

14．A.medicine B． entertainment
C．fishing D． tourism
答案：D 由上下文可知，肖恩因受水母攻击而死亡，警方掩盖其死因是为了避免影响到
当地的旅游业。

15．A.must B． need
C．should D． could
答案：D could have done表示“本来能做，而实际上未做”，此处指那两位以色列女
士本来能够离开的，但她们还是留下来陪“我”。

16．A.Therefore B． Otherwise
C．Instead D． Besides
答案：C 句意：甚至没告诉“我”，她们却宁可延误自己的日程安排，也不扔下“我”
不管。

instead“反而，却”。

17．A.delayed B． made
C．considered D． threw
答案：A 结合上一题句意分析判断。

delay“延误，推迟”。

18．A.When B． While
C．Because D． If
答案：B while“尽管”。

句意：尽管“我”当时没有意识到这一点，但现在“我”相
信，如果没有这两位好心的女士，“我”不会从这场灾难中幸存。

19．A.avoided B． experienced
C．survived D． suffered
答案：C 结合上一题句意逻辑分析判断。

survive“幸存；存活”。

20．A.refusing B．accepting C．giving
D． begging
答案：B 根据下文的“because it not only...of life”并结合全文可知，此处表示
接受帮助比拒绝帮助好。

Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)
A
[2017·福州质检]My 16－year－old son, Anton, had gone to the local swimming hole.
Most of the kids swim there, and there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe
harbors, so I had no fears for his safety.
Still, the firefighter's first words “You need to come up here to the Stillwater
River” made me catch my breath, and his follow－up words gave me relief W1：“Your
son is OK.”
When I got to the river, I immediately saw the fire truck, ambulance and Anton,
wrapped W2 with a towel about his shoulders, sitting quietly on a low platform of the
fire engine.
I hurried over to him. “You OK？” I asked.
“Yeah，” was all he said. But my eyes begged for an explanation W3. I didn't get it from my son, however, who_tended_to_play _his_cards_close_to_his_vest.
The story was this: A woman was being swept under water. Hearing the cries, Anton and his friend Tyler, without hesitation P1， swam out to her, and brought her safely to shore.
In an age in whic h the word “hero” is broadcast W4 with abandon and seemingly applied to anyone who make it through the day, I realized the real thing in my son. The teens are stubborn and self－centred, but that doesn't mean they have no desire to do good.
Still shocked by my son's daring, I drove him home. Along the way, I tried to dig out P2 some more information from him—but he had precious W5 little to say. The only words he said were “What's for supper？”
I spent some time alone that evening, thinking about the tragedy that might have been. The next morning, when Anton got up, I half wanted him to tell me the story. But all he did was toast some bread, pull himself together, and head for the door to start a new day. Watching from the window, I was reminded that still water often runs deep.
篇章导读：本文讲述的是作者的儿子救了一位落水妇女的故事。

作者一直想知道事情发生的经过，但未得到儿子的回答，从而使作者想到“静水流深”的道理。

1．Why did the mother allow her son to swim there?
A．He was an excellent swimmer.
B．The water of the river is shallow.
C．He was old enough to swim.
D．The rocks can be of help if there's danger.
答案：D 细节理解题。

根据第一段中第二句“Most of the kids swim there, and there are plenty of rocks for them to use as safe harbors, ...”可知，答案为D。

2．The underlined part “who tended to play his cards close to his vest” probably means ________.
A．Anton is a boy fond of swimming with other kids
B．Anton is unwilling to tell others what he thinks
C．Anton always has a desire to help others
D．Anton seldom changes his mind
答案：B 词义猜测题。

根据画线句子前半句以及过渡词however可以推断，作者的儿子安东不愿意讲述他的感受。

3．In the mother's eyes, what her son did was ________.
A．dangerous but interesting
B．meaningful but difficult
C．unexpected and courageous
D．awful and absurd
答案：C 推理判断题。

综合全文信息，这位母亲不断问及事情发生的经过可知，母亲很担心儿子出危险，另外，从儿子的作为也可以看出儿子的英勇。

故选C。

4．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．My Son, My Hero B． Anton, A Silent Boy
C．A Good Deed D． A Proud Mother
答案：A 主旨大意题。

结合全文可知，这位母亲为自己有这样的儿子感到自豪。

故选A。

W重点单词
1．relief n. 减轻；安慰 2.wrap vt. 包裹；缠绕
3．explanation n. 解释 4.broadcast v. 广播；播放
5．precious adj. 宝贵的
P重点短语
1．without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 2.dig out 挖掘
B
The story of how coffee growing and drinking spread around the world is one of the greatest and most romantic in history. It starts in the Horn of Africa, in Ethiopia, where the coffee tree probably originated in the province of Kaffa (喀法). There are various fanciful but unlikely stories surrounding the discovery of coffee beans. One story has it that an Ethiopian goatherd (牧羊人) was amazed at the lively behavior of his goats after they chewed red coffee berries. What we know with more certainty is that the succulent (多汁的) outer cherry flesh was eaten by slaves taken from present day Sudan into Yemen and Arabia, through the great port of its day, Mocha, now synonymous (同义的) with coffee. Coffee was certainly being cultivated in Yemen by the 15th century and probably much earlier than that.
Mocha was also the main port for the one sea route W1 to Mecca, and was the busiest place in the world at the time. But the Arabs had a strict policy not to export any fertile beans, so that coffee could not be cultivated anywhere else. The coffee bean is the seed of the coffee tree, but when stripped of its outer layers it becomes infertile. The race to make off with (夺走) some live coffee trees or beans was eventually won by the Dutch in 1616.
Initially W2， the authorities W3 in Yemen actively encouraged coffee drinking as it was considered preferable to the extreme side effects of Kat (the Arabic tea), a shrub whose buds and leaves were chewed as a stimulant (提神物). The first coffeehouses were opened in Mecca and were called “kaveh kanes”. They quickly spread throughout the Arab world and became successful places where chess was played,
gossip W4 was exchanged, and singing, dancing and music were enjoyed. They were luxuriously decorated and each had an individual character. Nothing quite like the coffee－house had existed before: a place where society and business could be conducted in comfortable surroundings and where anyone could go, for the price of coffee.
The Arabian coffeehouses soon became centres of political activity and were suppressed. Coffee and coffeehouses were subsequently banned several times over the next few decades P1， but they kept reappearing. Eventually a solution was found when coffeehouses and coffee were taxed W5.
Nowadays, this new found “coffee culture” has started to spread to the rest of the world. To those countries with great coffee traditions of their own P2，such as Italy, Germany, and Scandinavia, new converts were introduced to the pleasures of good coffee. Today it is possible to find good coffee in every major city of the world, from London to Sydney to Tokyo; tomorrow the world will drink more and more importantly, better coffee.
篇章导读：咖啡的种植和饮用在全世界广泛流传的经历可以说是历史上最神奇、最浪漫的故事之一。

本文向我们介绍了咖啡的起源及发展。

5．The legend mainly tells us ________.
A．when coffee was found B． where coffee was found
C．how coffee is planted D． what coffee is used for
答案：B'主旨大意题。

通读全文我们所获得的最多信息是咖啡起源于哪里，因此答案为B。

6．Mocha, a name of coffee, was originally ________.
A．a person who found coffee
B．the name of a great port
C．a plant of red berries
D．the place where coffee was found
答案：B 细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句中的“Mocha was also the main port for the one sea route to Mecca”可知，穆哈在当时是一个港口的名字。

7．Why were the people in Yemen encouraged to drink coffee?
A．Because coffee can help people keep energy.
B．Because people preferred coffee to Kat.
C．Because Kat's leaves were not easily chewed.
D．Because Kat was not so healthy as coffee.
答案：D'细节理解题。

从文章第三段第一句中的“as it was considered preferable to the extreme side effects of Kat(因为人们认为咖啡相比Kat强烈的副作用来说要好得多)”可知，Kat虽可提神但是有副作用。

8．Which of the following is NOT the reason why coffeehouses were popular?
A．Cheapness. B． Comfort.
C．Diversity. D． Convenience.
答案：C 推理判断题。

根据文章第三段最后一句中的“a place where society and business could be conducted in comfortable surroundings”可知，咖啡馆在当时给生意人带来了便利和舒服的环境；“where anyone could go, for the price of coffee”一杯咖啡的价钱可以在咖啡馆尽情放松娱乐，说明了它的便宜。

9．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Coffee has a long history but nobody can tell when it was found.
B． Mocha was a port where coffee was exported before 1616.
C．Coffeehouses were firstly built for political reasons.
D．London, Sydney and Tokyo are also the hometown of coffee as Italy and Germany.
答案：A 推理判断题。

通读全文，文章并未提及何时发现咖啡，从文章第一段最后一句可以推知，A项正确。

W重点单词
1．route n. 路线；路途
2．initially adv. 开始；最初；起初
3．authority n. 权力；当权
4．gossip n. 流言蜚语；闲言碎语
5．tax vt. 对……征税；向……课税
P重点短语
1．over the next few decades 在之后的几十年中
2．of one's own 属于某人自己的
Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时8′)
[2017·皖南八校联考]It was when we students were taking final exam that I clearly remember something happens last term. Mr Zhang, a young teacher in charge of our class, as usually before exams, had told the students all the rules: no talking, no mobile phone and so on. He was walking back and forth in the classroom while suddenly a phone rang. What's more worse, all the students looked up to him at once. It must took him ages to find the phone in his bag and her face immediately turned red. One of the student was laughing so many that she fell out of her chair unexpectedly.
答案：
It was when we students were taking ∧
final exam that I clearly remember
the
last term. Mr Zhang, a young teacher in charge of our class, as something happens
happened
before exams, had told the students all the rules: no talking, no mobile phone usually
usual
and so on. He was walking back and forth in the classroom while when
suddenly a phone rang.
What's more ＼ worse, all the students looked up to at him at once. It must took take
him ages
to find the phone in his bag and her his face immediately turned red. One of the student students
was laughing so many much
that she fell out of her chair unexpectedly.
第一处：taking 后加the take the final exam “参加期末考试”。

第二处：happens→happened 由last term 可知，应用一般过去时。

第三处：usually→usual as usual“像往常一样”。

第四处：while→when sb. was doing sth. when...意为“某人正在做某事这时候另一件事情发生了”。

第五处：去掉worse 前边的more what's worse“更糟糕的是”。

第六处：look up to 中的t o→at look up at “抬头看”。

第七处：took→take must 情态动词后边要跟动词原形。

第八处：her face 中的her→his 由前边in his bag 可知，此处应为his 。

第九处：student→students one of 后边应用名词复数。

第十处：many→much much 修饰动词laughing 。