中国古代建筑及构造中英文对照
中国古代建筑及构造英文
中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple殿hall厅hall又称“堂”室room房house亭pavilion台platform坛altar楼storied building阁pavilion廊colonnade榭pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion轩windowed veranda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que, watchtower牌楼pailou, decorated gateway华表huabiao, ornamental pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语角背bracket由戗inverted V-shaped brace叉手chashou, inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩wooden pier驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport宋代术语梁beam袱beam宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽袱5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽袱7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽袱9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer桁purlin (used with dougong)大式檩purlin (used without dougong)小式抟purlin宋代术语脊桁ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊抟ridged purlin宋代术语金桁intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平抟intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心桁eave purlin大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平抟eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushion board大式檐垫板cushion board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱dougong,bracket set斗dou, bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gong,bracketarm翘flower arm, petal华拱flower arm宋代术语昂ang,lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket宋代术语cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or window格栅partition door抹头window stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf门枕石bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf龛niche博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall隔断墙vertical partition wall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石cantilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel, hanging over叠涩corbel, hanging over宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab压阑石rectangular stone slab宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier垂带drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone宋代术语象眼triangular space御路yulu, imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma, recta下袅lower cyma, reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail宋代术语柱顶石capital stone柱础column base踬zhi碑碣stone tablet赑屃bixi, stone turtle宋及宋前术语趺fu, stone turtle清代术语石像生stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile脊瓦ridge tile琉璃瓦glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end, eave tile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gable roof 戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽animal砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern, colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画dragons pattern天花彩画ceiling pattern箍头end portion of painted beam藻头intermediate portion of painted beam枋心central portion of painted beam点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting贴金gold foil painting。
古建筑英文word精品
中国古典园林---- c lassical Chinese garden中国传统园林---- t raditional Chinese garden中国古代园林---- a ncient Chinese garden中国山水园------ C hinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑----- imperial palace garden皇家园林----- royal garden私家园林----- private garden江南园林-------- g arden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林-------- western classical garden英国式园林------------- English style garden中英混合式园林--------- Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林----------- Italian style garden西班牙式园林----------- Spainish style garden法兰西式园林----------- French style garden勒诺特尔式园林--------- Le Notre\'s style garden文艺复兴庄园------------- Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林--------------- Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林------------- Baroque style garden庄园---------------- manor,villa garden廊柱园-------------- peristyle garden,patio绿廊---------------- xystus迷阵---------------- maze,labyrinth灵囿---------------- Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼--------- Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台--------- Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫------- E-Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑---------- S hang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫---------- W ei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫---------- L uoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫---------- H ua-Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳------------ G en Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园---------- Y uan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园------------ Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄-------- Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林------------ Suzhou traditional garden悬园------ Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园” ，“架高园” 。
中外建筑史名词中英文对照
金字塔pyramid 方尖碑obelisk 牌门楼pylon莲花式柱lotus column 纸草花式柱papyrus column 棕榈叶式柱palm column塔庙ziggurat 列柱围廊式peristyle 山花pediment多立克柱式Doric order 伊奥尼亚柱式Ionic order 曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。
科林斯柱式Corinthian order 檐口cornice 檐部entablature檐壁frieze 额枋architrave 柱头capital柱身column shaft 槽沟flute 圆底线脚torus柱基plinth 台基stylobate 输水道aqueduct万神庙pantheon 凯旋门triumphal arch 角斗场colosseum广场forum 托斯卡柱式Tuscan order 门廊potch,portico小穹顶cupola 平嵌线reglet 主穹顶main dome半穹顶semi dome 帆拱pendentive 会堂basilica中厅central nave 侧廊aisle 半圆形壁龛apse袖廊transept 柱廊colonnade 神坛altar拱廊atcade 壁上拱廊blind arcade 塔楼turret玫瑰窗rose window 扶壁buttress 尖顶pinnacle滴水兽gargoyle 顶端饰finial 花色窗棂tracery四叶饰quatrefoil 五叶饰cinquefoil 府邸mansion,palazzo鼓座drum 采光塔lantern 小侧窗bulleye window涡卷装饰cartouche 宣礼塔minaret 圣龛mihrab,prayer niche讲坛mimbar,pulpit 拱式vault type 筒拱barrel vault棱拱groin vault 肋骨拱rib bed vault 星形拱stellar vault网状拱reticulated vault 扇形拱fan vault 倒槽式拱trough vault钟乳拱stalactite vault 券式arch type 半圆券semicircular arch尖券pointed arch 弧形券segmental arch 葱花券ogee arch马蹄券horseshoe arch 交角券squinch 穹式dome type半球形穹顶semespherical dome 葱花穹顶ogee dome 方穹顶square dome阿拉伯花饰arabesque 阿拉伯式柱头Arabian capital中国古建史名词中英文对照1、中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple 殿hall 厅hall 又称“堂” 室room 房house亭pavilion阁pavilion 榭pavilion on terrace 水榭waterside pavilion台platform 坛altar 楼storied building廊colonnade 轩windowed veranda 民居folk house四合院courtyard house 寨stockaded village 舫boat house阙que, watchtower 牌楼pailou, decorated gateway 华表huabiao, ornamental pillar塔pagoda 硬山flush gable roof 悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof 庑殿hip roof 四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof 重檐double eave roof 攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof 大木wooden structure 大式wooden frame with dougong 小式wooden frame without dougong 大木作carpentry work 小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction井干式构架log cabin construction 檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column 内槽柱hypostyle column 唐代术语内柱hypostyle column 宋代术语山柱center column 角柱corner column 唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post 蜀柱king post 宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column 宋代术语侧脚cejiao 宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背bracket 由戗inverted V-shaped brace叉手chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩wooden pier 梁beam驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport 宋代术语袱beam 宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam 平梁3-purlin beam 宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam 四椽袱5-purlin beam 宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam 六椽袱7-purlin beam 宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽袱9-purlin beam 宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam 双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam 乳袱rufu, beam tie 宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie 角梁hip rafer （木行）purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式抟purlin 宋代术语脊（木行）ridged purlin 大式脊檩ridged purlin 小式脊抟ridged purlin 宋代术语金（木行）intermediate purlin 大式金檩intermediate purlin 小式上中平抟intermediate purlin 宋代术语老檐（木行）purlin on hypostyle 大、小式，宋代术语正心（木行）eave purlin 大式檐檩eave purlin 小式下平抟eave purlin 宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong) 大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong) 小式阑额architrave 宋代术语由额垫板cushion board 大式檐垫板cushion board 小式枋tiebeam 脊枋ridge tiebeam 上金枋upper purlin tiebeam 下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam 大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam 小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter 脑椽upper rafter 花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter 飞檐椽flying rafter 飞子flying rafter 宋代术语连檐eave edging 瓦口tile edging 颔版tile edging 宋代术语举架raising the purlin 举析raising the purlin 宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins 材cai 栔qi 分fen 斗口doukou,mortise of cap block 斗拱dougong,bracket set 斗dou, bracket set 升block with cross mortise 大斗cap block栌斗cap block 宋代术语拱gong,bracketarm 翘flower arm, petal华拱flower arm 宋代术语昂ang,lever 槽升子center block齐心斗center block 宋代术语三才升small block 十八斗connection block交互斗connection block 宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm 泥道拱axial bracket arm 宋代术语瓜拱oval arm 瓜子拱oval arm 宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm 宋代术语厢拱regular arm 令拱regular arm 宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm 撑头small tie-beam 枋small tie-beam 宋代术语耍头nose 攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns 柱头铺作bracket set on columns 宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns 补间铺作bracket sets between columns 宋代术语角科bracket set on corner 转角铺作bracket set on corner 宋代术语出extension of bracket 出跳extension of bracket 宋代术语才cai 跳tiao 宋代术语雀替sparrow brace 搏缝板gable eave board 搏缝版gable eave board 宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work 内檐装修interior finish work 框槛door frame槛stud 抱框jamb on door or window 格栅partition door抹头window stool 棂子grill 裙板panel槛窗sill wall window 榻板window sill 支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing 门簪decorative cylinder 门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石bearing stone 抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone 天花ceiling 帽儿梁lattice framing 支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling 海墁天花flat ceiling 藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf 龛niche 博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry 檐墙eave wall 廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall 隔断墙vertical partition wall 槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head 挑檐石cantilever stone on eave 五花山墙stepped gable wall 拔磉corbel, hanging over 叠涩corbel, hanging over 宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab 压阑石rectangular stone slab 宋代术语台阶steps 踏道steps 宋代术语踏垛step 踏step 宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier 垂带drooping belt stone 副子drooping belt stone 宋代术语象眼triangular space 御路yulu, imperial path 羌差ramp须弥座xumizu圭角guijiao 上枋upper fillet and fascia 下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma, recta 下袅lower cyma, reversa 束腰suyao钩栏balustrade 宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade 宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade 望柱baluster 望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel 华版frieze panel 地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail 宋代术语柱顶石capital stone 柱础column base踬zhi 碑碣stone tablet 屃bixi, stone turtle 宋及宋前术语趺fu, stone turtle 清代术语石像生stone animal 石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile 板瓦flat tile 青瓦black tile脊瓦ridge tile 琉璃瓦glazed roof tile 勾头eave tile滴水drip tile 瓦当tile end, eave tile with pattern 正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei 宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gable roof戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being 走兽animal 砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern, colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern 旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画dragons pattern 天花彩画ceiling pattern箍头end portion of painted beam 藻头intermediate portion of painted beam枋心central portion of painted beam 点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting。
Chinese architecture(中国建筑)
crowns or completes a building or wall
.
That’all.Thank you!
Longevity Hill 万寿山
• Imperial Palace , • Temple, • Garden, • Domestic Dwellings, （住宅） • Pagoda. （塔）
Kunming Lake 昆明湖
• The Humble Administrator’s Garden • 拙政园 • The Ming Dynasty • Imperial Palace , • Temple, • Garden, • Domestic Dwellings, （住宅） • Pagoda. （塔） • Lion Grove Garden • 狮子林 • The Yuan Dynasty
The Hall of Preserving Harmony 保和殿
The Temple of White Horse 白马寺 Han dynasty in 68 AD
• Imperial Palace , • Temple, • Garden, • Domestic Dwellings, （住宅） • Pagoda.（塔）
The Palace of Museum(1368-1840)
The Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿
• Imperial Palace , • Temple, The Hall of Central Harmony • Garden, 中和殿 • Domestic Dwellings, （住宅） • Pagoda. （塔）
Chinese Archtecture
Classification
古代建筑英文
古代建筑英文第一篇：古代建筑英文古代建筑英文塔： pagodas木塔：wood pagoda铁塔： iron pagoda石塔：stone pagoda砖塔：brick pagoda琉璃塔：glazed stupa舍利塔：sarira stupa(a pagoda for budhist relics), dagoba 喇嘛塔：lamaist pagoda城墙：city wall城门洞儿： gateway楼： storied buildings城楼：gate tower钟楼：bell tower鼓楼：drum tower角楼：watchtower / turret戏楼：theatrical stage阁：tower亭子：pavilion飞檐：upturned eaves/ flying eaves回廊： covered corridor彩画：colour painting烽火台： the beacon tower华表：ornamental column牌坊：memorial archway牌楼：decorated archway题字：inscriptions马头墙：corbiestep屋顶形式:types of roofs庑殿顶：hip roof歇山顶：saddlle roof硬山顶：gabbled roof悬山顶：suspension roof攒尖顶：pointed roof圆攒尖顶：conical roof四角攒尖顶：pyramid roof卷棚顶： paraboloid roof屋面装饰：roof decorations正吻：volute仙人走兽：glazed ceramic mythological immortals and animals 筒瓦： cylindrical tile板瓦： flat tile瓦钉：tile pin瓦当：eaves tile滴水：dripping eaves斗拱： corbel arch雀替：carveed angle brace 挂落：cartouche藻井：coffered ceiling须弥座：base of budhist-style building 栏杆：balustrade/ parapet石阶：stone steps抱鼓石：carred drum-like stone第二篇：古代建筑--斗拱古代建筑—斗拱来自×地的朋友们：大家好！首先请允许我代表我们××旅行社欢迎各位朋友来本地来观光旅游。
古代建筑英文
古代建筑英文塔：pagodas木塔：wood pagoda铁塔：iron pagoda石塔：stone pagoda砖塔：brick pagoda琉璃塔：glazed stupa舍利塔：sarira stupa (a pagoda for budhist relics), dagoba喇嘛塔：lamaist pagoda城墙：city wall城门洞儿：gateway楼：storied buildings城楼：gate tower钟楼：bell tower鼓楼：drum tower角楼：watchtower /turret戏楼：theatrical stage阁：tower亭子：pavilion飞檐：upturned eaves/ flying eaves回廊：covered corridor彩画：colour painting烽火台：the beacon tower华表：ornamental column牌坊：memorial archway牌楼：decorated archway题字：inscriptions马头墙：corbiestep屋顶形式:types of roofs庑殿顶：hip roof歇山顶：saddlle roof硬山顶：gabbled roof悬山顶：suspension roof攒尖顶：pointed roof圆攒尖顶：conical roof四角攒尖顶：pyramid roof卷棚顶：paraboloid roof屋面装饰：roof decorations正吻：volute仙人走兽：glazed ceramic mythological immortals and animals 筒瓦：cylindrical tile板瓦：flat tile瓦钉：tile pin瓦当：eaves tile滴水：dripping eaves斗拱：corbel arch雀替：carveed angle brace挂落：cartouche藻井：coffered ceiling须弥座：base of budhist-style building 栏杆：balustrade/ parapet石阶：stone steps抱鼓石：carred drum-like stone。
中国传统建筑风格中英双语介绍
Ancient architecture continued in Yuan Dynasty, especially the Islamic mosques and Buddhist temples, which brought deep influence on the Han national architecture. In the Ming and the Qing dynasties, architecture reached its climax. The Qing Dynasty compiled another book Gong Zheng Zuo Fa Tse Li. It was the government manual to standardize architecture.
The Categories of Ancient Architecture
Generally, Chinese ancient architecture consists of government architecture and civil architecture. The former includes the imperial palaces, mausoleum, Buddhist temples, Taoist guan, altars, gardens and other big buildings.
Paifang and Cloud Pillar仿表
（十）坊表
中国古代具有表彰、 纪念、导向或标志作 用的建筑物，包括牌 坊、华表等
（一）中国建筑的色调
中国古代建筑的色彩非常丰富。有的色 调鲜明，对比强烈，有的色调和谐，纯 朴淡雅。建筑师根据不同需要和风俗习 尚而选择施用。大凡宫殿、坛庙、寺观 等建筑物多使用对比强烈，色调鲜明的 色彩：红墙黄瓦（或其他颜色的瓦）衬 托着绿树蓝天，再加上檐下的金碧彩画， 使整个古建筑显得分外绚丽。在表现中 国古建筑艺术的特征中，琉璃瓦和彩画 是很重要的两个方面。
建史名词中英文对照
建史名词中英文对照中国古代建筑宫 palace,temple殿 hall厅 hall 又称“堂”室 room房 house亭 pavilion台 platform坛 altar楼 storied building阁 pavilion廊 colonnade榭 pavilion on terrace水榭 waterside pavilion轩 windowed veranda民居 folk house四合院 courtyard house寨 stockaded village舫 boat house阙 que, watchtower牌楼 pailou, decorated gateway华表 huabiao, ornamental pillar塔 pagoda硬山 flush gable roof悬山 overhanging gable roof歇山 gable and hip roof庑殿 hip roof四阿 hip roof卷棚 round ridge roof重檐 double eave roof攒尖 pyramidal roof园攒尖 round pavilion roof 大木 wooden structure大式 wooden frame with dougong小式 wooden frame without dougong大木作 carpentry work小木作 joinery work抬梁式构架 post and lintel construction穿斗式构架 column and tie construction井干式构架 log cabin construction檐柱 eave column金柱 hypostyle column内槽柱 hypostyle column 唐代术语内柱 hypostyle column 宋代术语山柱 center column角柱 corner column 唐、宋术语瓜柱 short column脊瓜柱 king post蜀柱 king post 宋代术语雷公柱 suspended column帐杆 suspended column 宋代术语侧脚 cejiao 宋代术语卷杀 entasis梭柱 shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背 bracket由戗 inverted V-shaped brace叉手 chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩 wooden pier驼峰 tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport 宋代术语梁 beam袱 beam 宋代术语月梁 crescent beam三架梁 3-purlin beam平梁 3-purlin beam 宋代术语四架梁 4-purlin beam五架梁 5-purlin beam四椽袱 5-purlin beam 宋代术语六架梁 6-purlin beam七架梁 7-purlin beam六椽袱 7-purlin beam 宋代术语九架梁 9-purlin beam八椽袱 9-purlin beam 宋代术语单步梁 one-step cross beam双步梁 two-step cross beam挑尖梁 main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱 rufu, beam tie 宋代术语抱头梁 baotou beam穿插枋 penetrating tie角梁 hip rafer（木行） purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩 purlin (used without dougong) 小式抟 purlin 宋代术语脊（木行） ridged purlin 大式脊檩 ridged purlin 小式脊抟 ridged purlin 宋代术语金（木行） intermediate purlin 大式金檩 intermediate purlin 小式上中平抟 intermediate purlin 宋代术语老檐（木行） purlin on hypostyle 大、小式，宋代术语正心（木行） eave purlin 大式檐檩 eave purlin 小式下平抟 eave purlin 宋代术语额枋 architrave(used with dougong) 大式檐枋 architrave(used with dougong) 小式阑额 architrave 宋代术语由额垫板 cushion board 大式檐垫板 cushion board 小式枋 tiebeam脊枋 ridge tiebeam上金枋 upper purlin tiebeam 下金枋 lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋 eave tiebeam 大式，指檐口构造檐枋 eave tiebeam 小式，指檐口构造顶椽 top rafter脑椽 upper rafter花架椽 intermediate rafter檐椽 eave rafter飞檐椽 flying rafter飞子 flying rafter 宋代术语连檐 eave edging瓦口 tile edging颔版 tile edging 宋代术语举架 raising the purlin举析 raising the purlin 宋代术语步架 horizontal spacing between purlins 材 cai栔 qi分 fen斗口 doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱 dougong,bracket set斗 dou, bracket set升 block with cross mortise大斗 cap block栌斗 cap block 宋代术语拱 gong,bracketarm翘 flower arm, petal华拱 flower arm 宋代术语昂 ang,lever槽升子 center block齐心斗 center block 宋代术语三才升 small block十八斗 connection block交互斗 connection block 宋代术语正心拱 axial bracket arm泥道拱 axial bracket arm 宋代术语瓜拱 oval arm瓜子拱 oval arm 宋代术语万拱 long arm慢拱 long arm 宋代术语厢拱 regular arm令拱 regular arm 宋代术语单材拱 outer-side bracket arm撑头 small tie-beam枋 small tie-beam 宋代术语耍头 nose攒 set of bracket柱头科 bracket set on columns柱头铺作 bracket set on columns 宋代术语平身科 bracket sets between columns补间铺作 bracket sets between columns 宋代术语角科 bracket set on corner转角铺作 bracket set on corner 宋代术语出 extension of bracket出跳 extension of bracket 宋代术语cai跳 tiao 宋代术语雀替 sparrow brace搏缝板 gable eave board搏缝版 gable eave board 宋代术语木装修 joiner's work外檐装修 exterior finish work内檐装修 interior finish work框槛 door frame槛 stud抱框 jamb on door or window格栅 partition door抹头 window stool棂子 grill 裙板 panel槛窗 sill wall window榻板 window sill支摘窗 removable window门枕 door bearing门簪 decorative cylinder门跋 door knocker门钉 decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石 bearing stone抱鼓石 drum-shaped bearing stone天花 ceiling帽儿梁 lattice framing支条 lattice framing井口天花 compartment ceiling海墁天花 flat ceiling藻井 caisson ceiling罩 shelf龛 niche博古架 antique shelf瓦石作 masonry檐墙 eave wall廊墙 partition wall扇面墙 horizontal partition wall隔断墙 vertical partition wall槛墙 sill wall樨头 gable wall head挑檐石 cantilever stone on eave五花山墙 stepped gable wall拔磉 corbel, hanging over叠涩 corbel, hanging over 宋代术语角柱石 corner pier阶条石 rectangular stone slab压阑石 rectangular stone slab 宋代术语台阶 steps踏道 steps 宋代术语踏垛 step踏 step 宋代术语斗板石 intermediate pier垂带 drooping belt stone副子 drooping belt stone 宋代术语象眼 triangular space御路 yulu, imperial path羌差 ramp须弥座 xumizuo圭角 guijiao上枋 upper fillet and fascia下枋 lower fillet and fascia上袅 upper cyma, recta下袅 lower cyma, reversa束腰 suyao钩栏 balustrade 宋代术语单钩栏 single frieze balustrade 宋代术语垂台钩栏 double frieze balustrade望柱 baluster望柱头 baluster capital栏版 frieze panel华版 frieze panel地伏 plinth stone寻杖 handrail 宋代术语柱顶石 capital stone柱础 column base踬 zhi碑碣 stone tablet赑屃 bixi, stone turtle 宋及宋前术语趺 fu, stone turtle 清代术语石像生 stone animal石人 stone human statue筒瓦 round tile 板瓦 flat tile青瓦 black tile脊瓦 ridge tile琉璃瓦 glazed roof tile勾头 eave tile滴水 drip tile瓦当 tile end, eave tile with pattern正吻 zhengwen鸱尾 chiwei 宋及宋前术语正脊 main ridge垂脊 diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gable roof 戗脊 diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊 horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人 celestial being走兽 animal砖雕 brick carving彩画 colored pattern, colored drawing苏式彩画 Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画 tangent circle pattern和玺彩画 dragons pattern天花彩画 ceiling pattern箍头 end portion of painted beam藻头 intermediate portion of painted beam枋心 central portion of painted beam点金 gold pointing退晕 color change沥粉 embossed painting贴金 gold foil painting外国古代建筑及构造金字塔 pyramid方尖碑 obelisk牌门楼 pylon莲花式柱 lotus column纸草花式柱 papyrus column棕榈叶式柱 palm column塔庙 ziggurat列柱围廊式 peristyle山花 pediment多立克柱式 Doric order伊奥尼亚柱式 Ionic order 曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。
中外建筑史名词中英文对照
外国建筑史名词中英文对照金字塔 pyramid方尖碑 obelisk牌门楼 pylon莲花式柱 lotus column纸草花式柱 papyrus column棕榈叶式柱 palm column塔庙 ziggurat列柱围廊式 peristyle山花 pediment多立克柱式 Doric order伊奥尼亚柱式 Ionic order 曾用名“爱奥尼亚柱式”。
科林斯柱式 Corinthian order檐口 cornice檐部entablature檐壁 frieze额枋 architrave柱头 capital柱身 column shaft槽沟 flute圆底线脚 torus柱基 plinth台基 stylobate输水道 aqueduct万神庙 pantheon凯旋门 triumphal arch角斗场 colosseum广场 forum托斯卡柱式 Tuscan order门廊 potch,portico小穹顶 cupola平嵌线 reglet主穹顶 main dome半穹顶 semi dome帆拱 pendentive会堂 basilica中厅 central nave侧廊 aisle半圆形壁龛 apse袖廊 transept柱廊 colonnade神坛 altar拱廊 atcade壁上拱廊 blind arcade塔楼 turret玫瑰窗 rose window扶壁 buttress尖顶 pinnacle滴水兽 gargoyle顶端饰 finial花色窗棂 tracery四叶饰 quatrefoil五叶饰 cinquefoil府邸 mansion,palazzo鼓座 drum采光塔 lantern小侧窗 bulleye window涡卷装饰 cartouche宣礼塔 minaret 圣龛 mihrab,prayer niche讲坛 mimbar,pulpit拱式 vault type筒拱 barrel vault棱拱 groin vault肋骨拱 rib bed vault星形拱 stellar vault网状拱 reticulated vault扇形拱 fan vault倒槽式拱 trough vault钟乳拱 stalactite vault券式 arch type半圆券 semicircular arch尖券 pointed arch弧形券 segmental arch葱花券 ogee arch马蹄券 horseshoe arch交角券 squinch穹式 dome type半球形穹顶 semespherical dome葱花穹顶 ogee dome方穹顶 square dome阿拉伯花饰 arabesque阿拉伯式柱头 Arabian capital中国古建史名词中英文对照1、中国古代建筑及构造宫 palace,temple殿 hall 厅 hall 又称“堂”室 room 房 house亭 pavilion阁 pavilion榭 pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion台 platform坛 altar楼 storied building廊 colonnade轩 windowed veranda民居 folk house四合院 courtyard house寨 stockaded village舫 boat house阙 que, watchtower牌楼 pailou, decorated gateway华表 huabiao, ornamental pillar塔 pagoda硬山 flush gable roof悬山 overhanging gable roof歇山 gable and hip roof庑殿 hip roof四阿 hip roof卷棚 round ridge roof重檐 double eave roof攒尖 pyramidal roof园攒尖 round pavilion roof大木 wooden structure大式 wooden frame with dougong小式 wooden frame without dougong 大木作 carpentry work小木作 joinery work抬梁式构架 post and lintel construction穿斗式构架 column and tie construction井干式构架 log cabin construction檐柱 eave column金柱 hypostyle column内槽柱 hypostyle column 唐代术语内柱hypostyle column 宋代术语山柱 center column角柱 corner column 唐、宋术语瓜柱 short column脊瓜柱 king post蜀柱 king post 宋代术语雷公柱 suspended column帐杆 suspended column 宋代术语侧脚 cejiao 宋代术语卷杀 entasis梭柱 shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背 bracket由戗 inverted V-shaped brace叉手 chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩 wooden pier梁 beam驼峰 tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport 宋代术语袱 beam 宋代术语月梁 crescent beam三架梁 3-purlin beam平梁 3-purlin beam 宋代术语四架梁 4-purlin beam五架梁 5-purlin beam四椽袱 5-purlin beam 宋代术语六架梁 6-purlin beam七架梁 7-purlin beam六椽袱 7-purlin beam 宋代术语九架梁 9-purlin beam八椽袱 9-purlin beam 宋代术语单步梁 one-step cross beam双步梁 two-step cross beam挑尖梁 main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱 rufu, beam tie 宋代术语抱头梁 baotou beam穿插枋 penetrating tie角梁 hip rafer（木行） purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩 purlin (used without dougong) 小式抟 purlin 宋代术语脊（木行） ridged purlin 大式脊檩 ridged purlin 小式脊抟 ridged purlin 宋代术语金（木行） intermediate purlin 大式金檩 intermediate purlin 小式上中平抟 intermediate purlin 宋代术语老檐（木行） purlin on hypostyle 大、小式，宋代术语正心（木行） eave purlin 大式檐檩 eave purlin 小式下平抟 eave purlin 宋代术语额枋 architrave(used with dougong) 大式檐枋 architrave(used with dougong) 小式阑额 architrave 宋代术语由额垫板 cushion board 大式檐垫板 cushion board 小式枋 tiebeam脊枋 ridge tiebeam上金枋 upper purlin tiebeam下金枋 lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋 eave tiebeam 大式，指檐口构造檐枋 eave tiebeam 小式，指檐口构造顶椽 top rafter脑椽 upper rafter花架椽 intermediate rafter檐椽 eave rafter飞檐椽 flying rafter飞子 flying rafter 宋代术语连檐 eave edging瓦口 tile edging颔版 tile edging 宋代术语举架 raising the purlin举析 raising the purlin 宋代术语步架 horizontal spacing between purlins材 cai 栔 qi 分 fen斗口 doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱 dougong,bracket set斗 dou, bracket set升 block with cross mortise大斗 cap block栌斗 cap block 宋代术语拱 gong,bracketarm翘 flower arm, petal华拱 flower arm 宋代术语昂 ang,lever槽升子 center block齐心斗 center block 宋代术语三才升 small block十八斗 connection block交互斗 connection block 宋代术语正心拱 axial bracket arm泥道拱 axial bracket arm 宋代术语瓜拱 oval arm瓜子拱 oval arm 宋代术语万拱 long arm慢拱 long arm 宋代术语厢拱 regular arm令拱 regular arm 宋代术语单材拱 outer-side bracket arm撑头 small tie-beam枋 small tie-beam 宋代术语耍头 nose攒 set of bracket柱头科 bracket set on columns 柱头铺作 bracket set on columns 宋代术语平身科 bracket sets between columns 补间铺作 bracket sets between columns 宋代术语角科 bracket set on corner 转角铺作 bracket set on corner 宋代术语出 extension of bracket 出跳 extension of bracket 宋代术语才cai 跳 tiao 宋代术语雀替 sparrow brace搏缝板 gable eave board搏缝版 gable eave board 宋代术语木装修 joiner's work外檐装修 exterior finish work 内檐装修 interior finish work框槛 door frame槛 stud抱框 jamb on door or window 格栅 partition door抹头 window stool棂子 grill裙板 panel槛窗 sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗 removable window门枕 door bearing门簪 decorative cylinder门跋 door knocker门钉 decorative nails on door leaf门枕石 bearing stone抱鼓石 drum-shaped bearing stone天花 ceiling帽儿梁 lattice framing支条 lattice framing井口天花 compartment ceiling海墁天花 flat ceiling藻井 caisson ceiling罩 shelf龛 niche博古架 antique shelf瓦石作 masonry檐墙 eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙 horizontal partition wall 隔断墙 vertical partition wall槛墙 sill wall樨头 gable wall head挑檐石 cantilever stone on eave五花山墙 stepped gable wall拔磉 corbel, hanging over叠涩 corbel, hanging over 宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石 rectangular stone slab压阑石 rectangular stone slab 宋代术语台阶 steps踏道 steps 宋代术语踏垛 step踏 step 宋代术语斗板石 intermediate pier垂带 drooping belt stone副子 drooping belt stone 宋代术语象眼 triangular space御路 yulu, imperial path 羌差 ramp须弥座 xumizu圭角 guijiao上枋 upper fillet and fascia下枋 lower fillet and fascia上袅 upper cyma, recta 下袅 lower cyma, reversa束腰 suyao钩栏 balustrade 宋代术语单钩栏 single frieze balustrade 宋代术语垂台钩栏 double frieze balustrade望柱 baluster望柱头 baluster capital栏版 frieze panel华版 frieze panel地伏 plinth stone寻杖 handrail 宋代术语柱顶石 capital stone柱础 column base踬 zhi碑碣 stone tablet屃 bixi, stone turtle 宋及宋前术语趺 fu, stone turtle 清代术语石像生 stone animal石人 stone human statue筒瓦 round tile板瓦 flat tile青瓦 black tile脊瓦 ridge tile琉璃瓦 glazed roof tile勾头 eave tile滴水 drip tile瓦当 tile end, eave tile with pattern正吻 zhengwen鸱尾 chiwei 宋及宋前术语正脊 main ridge垂脊 diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for gable roof戗脊 diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊 horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof 仙人 celestial being走兽 animal砖雕 brick carving彩画 colored pattern, colored drawing苏式彩画 Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画 tangent circle pattern和玺彩画 dragons pattern天花彩画ceiling pattern箍头 end portion of painted beam藻头 intermediate portion of painted beam枋心 central portion of painted beam点金 gold pointing退晕 color change沥粉 embossed painting。
中国文化之-建筑(中英文)
the use of cloud computing technology to collect and analyze data from various building systems, providing
decision support for building management.
Water conservation
the use of water-saving technologies and devices to reduce water consumption in buildings, such as low-flow faucets and water-saving toilets.
Respect for human needs
the design of buildings should respect human needs and preferences, providing comfortable and convenient living spaces.
Inቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱegration of traditional culture
Promotion of intelligent buildings
Smart sensors
the application of smart sensors in buildings to monitor and control building systems, such as lighting, air conditioning and security.
雕刻是中国传统建筑中最为常见的装饰形式之一，包括木 雕、石雕、砖雕等。雕刻的题材广泛，包括花卉、动物、 人物等，通过雕刻可以表现出极高的艺术价值和深厚的文 化底蕴。
古建筑名词-中英对照
古建筑名词-中英对照信人: tjr99 (颐养), 信区: DESIGNPHD标题: 中国古代建筑及构造英文翻译发信站: 未建成BBS (Sun Mar 11 20:43:56 2007), 站内（全国自然科学名词审定委员会1996年公布）中国古代建筑及构造宫palace，temple殿hall厅hall又称「堂」室room房house亭pavilion台platform坛altar楼storied building*阁pavilion廊colonnade榭pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion轩windowed veranda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que，watchtower牌楼pailou，decorated gateway 华表huabiao，ornamental pillar 塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong 大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语角背bracket由戗inverted V-shaped brace*手chashou，inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩wooden pier驼峰tuofeng，camel-hump shaped support宋代术语梁beam栿beam宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽栿5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽栿7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽栿9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳栿rufu，beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer桁purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式槫purlin宋代术语脊桁ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊槫ridged purlin宋代术语金桁intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平槫intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心桁eave purlin大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平槫eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushion board大式檐垫板cushion board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter*花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins 材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou，mortise of cap block斗拱dougong，bracket set斗dou，bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gong，bracketarm翘flower arm，petal华拱flower arm宋代术语昂ang，lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket宋代术语跴cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work 框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or window 格栅partition door抹头window stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone 天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf龛niche博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall 隔断墙vertical partition wall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石cantilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel，hanging over叠涩corbel，hanging over宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab压阑石rectangular stone slab宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier垂带drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone宋代术语象眼triangular space御路yulu，imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma，recta下袅lower cyma，reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail宋代术语柱顶石capital stone柱础column base踬zhi碑碣stone tablet*屃bixi，stone turtle宋及宋前术语趺fu，stone turtle清代术语石像生stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile 脊瓦ridge tile琉璃瓦glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end，eave tile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof，vertical ridge for gable roof戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽animal砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern，colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画 dragons pattern天花彩画 ceiling pattern箍头 end portion of painted beam藻头intermediate portion of painted beam 枋心central portion of painted beam点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting 贴金gold foil painting。
古建筑名词_中英对照
信人: tjr99 (颐养), 信区: DESIGNPHD标题: 中国古代建筑及构造英文翻译发信站: 未建成BBS (Sun Mar 11 20:43:56 2007), 站内（全国自然科学名词审定委员会1996年公布）中国古代建筑及构造宫palace，temple殿hall厅hall又称「堂」室room房house亭pavilion台platform坛altar楼storied building*阁pavilion廊colonnade榭pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion轩windowed veranda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que，watchtower牌楼pailou，decorated gateway华表huabiao，ornamental pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语角背bracket由戗inverted V-shaped brace*手chashou，inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩wooden pier驼峰tuofeng，camel-hump shaped support宋代术语梁beam栿beam宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽栿5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽栿7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽栿9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳栿rufu，beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer桁purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式槫purlin宋代术语脊桁ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊槫ridged purlin宋代术语金桁intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平槫intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心桁eave purlin大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平槫eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushion board大式檐垫板cushion board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter*花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou，mortise of cap block 斗拱dougong，bracket set斗dou，bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gong，bracketarm翘flower arm，petal华拱flower arm宋代术语昂ang，lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose 攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket宋代术语跴cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or window格栅partition door抹头window stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone 天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf龛niche博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall隔断墙vertical partition wall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石cantilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel，hanging over叠涩corbel，hanging over宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab压阑石rectangular stone slab宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier垂带drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone宋代术语象眼triangular space御路yulu，imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma，recta下袅lower cyma，reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail宋代术语柱顶石capital stone柱础column base踬zhi碑碣stone tablet*屃bixi，stone turtle宋及宋前术语趺fu，stone turtle清代术语石像生stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile 脊瓦ridge tile琉璃瓦glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end，eave tile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof，vertical ridge for gable roof 戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽animal砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern，colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画 dragons pattern天花彩画 ceiling pattern箍头 end portion of painted beam藻头intermediate portion of painted beam 枋心central portion of painted beam点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting贴金gold foil painting。
故宫景点名称中英对照
故宫景点名称中英对照
【实用版】
目录
1.故宫简介
2.故宫的景点名称及简介
3.故宫景点名称中英对照表
正文
故宫，位于我国北京市中心，是中国古代皇家宫殿建筑之一，曾是明清两代的皇家宫殿。
故宫以三大殿为中心，拥有大量的宫殿建筑，是中国古代宫殿建筑之精华。
故宫以其丰富的文物收藏和独特的建筑风格，被誉为世界五大宫殿之一。
故宫的景点众多，其中包括三大殿（太和殿、中和殿、保和殿）、后宫（如乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫等）、东六宫（如储秀宫、东交泰宫等）、西六宫（如储秀宫、西交泰宫等）以及其他的一些殿堂和花园。
下面是故宫一些主要景点的中英文对照表：
- 太和殿：Hall of Supreme Harmony
- 中和殿：Hall of Central Harmony
- 保和殿：Hall of Preserving Harmony
- 乾清宫：Palace of Heavenly Purity
- 交泰殿：Hall of Union and Prosperity
- 坤宁宫：Palace of Earthly Tranquility
- 储秀宫：Palace of Gathering Elegance
- 东交泰宫：Eastern Palace of Union and Prosperity
- 西交泰宫：Western Palace of Union and Prosperity - 御花园：Imperial Garden
以上就是故宫的一些主要景点及其对应的英文名称。
中国古建筑(英文)
Confucius
7
Longmen Grotteoes
• The carving began in North Wei Dynasty, and went on through East and West Wei Dynasties, then the Dynasties of North Qi, Zhou, Sui, Tang, and the Five Dynasties Period, lasting for over 400 years
• These temples belong to the black and the yellow sect, representing the Han and the Tibetan Buddhism
Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang and Terra-cotta Warriors
Ancient Chinese Architecture and Classical Gardens
The Great Wall
• Contruction of the Great Wall lasted for more than two thousand years, extended over 6700 kilometers,and the longest defesive engineer project in ancient times in the world
• The artistic content of the grottoes is exceedingly rich as an integrated art of architecture, sculpture and fresco, reflecting not only the acceptance of Buddhism in Dunhuang area, but also the history and society as well as economy of the area, and providing a vivid illustration of the localization of Buddhism in China and the capacity of Chinese people in their absorbing and remodeling of foreign cultures
古建筑英文【范本模板】
中国古典园林—---—-classical Chinese garden中国传统园林———-———traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林—-——--—ancient Chinese garden中国山水园———--———--Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑-—---—--—imperial palace garden皇家园林-———-————-royal garden私家园林———--—————-private garden江南园林-——-——----————garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林—-—--—-—--——---western classical garden英国式园林——--—---—--—--——-——- English style garden中英混合式园林--—-—-——-———-—Anglo—Chinese style garden意大利式园林----——-——--------- Italian style garden西班牙式园林--—-——--——-———-—Spainish style garden法兰西式园林——--—-—--———--—-——French style garden勒诺特尔式园林—---—-—-———————Le Notre\’s style garden文艺复兴庄园-—--——--—--———————-—Renaissance style garden洛可可式园林——-——--——--—--—---—-——-Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林--———--——————————-——-Baroque style garden庄园—-------—-——-------—-—-—--manor，villa garden廊柱园—--—--—-—-—-—--—--—--—-peristyle garden,patio绿廊-—---—--—-—--—--—-—------—-—xystus迷阵-———————————-—-——-—-———--—---maze,labyrinth灵囿-—-—————---—-—-———————--——Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语灵沼——--—--—-—---——Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语灵台——--—-----—-———Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语阿房宫—-——-----—-—-E—Pang Palace 秦代术语上林苑-----————-——--—Shang—Lin Yuan 汉代术语未央宫-———-----—-———-Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语洛阳宫—--—————--—--———Luoyang Palace 魏代术语华清宫———-—-———-—-——-—Hua—Qing Palace 唐代术语艮岳—--——--—----——--—--Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语圆明园-—-———-——-——--—-Yuan—Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园--——-——-——————--—--Yi-HE Yuan Imperial Garden承德避暑山庄—-—-—-—-----—-—Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林—-————--—---—-—--—-——-Suzhou traditional garden悬园--—--——————Hanging Garden 又称“悬空园”，“架高园”.英国皇家植物园-—----———-—Royal Botanical Garden，Kew garden 又称“邱园"。
中国古建筑英文
The roofs
• An important part of Chinese architecture.
architecture.
Types of Chinese Architectures
• Palace (Gong) • Pavilion (Ting) • Storeyed Pavilion (Ge) • Terrace (Tai) • Storeyed Building (Lou) • Pagoda (Ta)
Buddhist Temple Constructions
Buddhist Temple Constructions in China include Buddhist temples, monasteries, pagodas, Buddhist halls and grottoes, which are called si （佛寺）, ta （佛塔）, dian (佛殿）and shiku （石窟） in Chinese respectively.
Functions of storyed pavilions :
— used in ancient times for the storage of important articles and documents
— a place where educated men used to gather to write articles and hold banquets
Functions of multi-story buildings : — for military use — as private homes — as belvederes（望景楼） — as bell and drum towers
古建筑名词 中英对照
古建筑名词中英对照信人: tjr99 (颐养), 信区: DESIGNPHD 标题: 中国古代建筑及构造英文翻译发信站: 未建成BBS (Sun Mar 11 20:43:56 2007), 站内(全国自然科学名词审定委员会1996年公布) 中国古代建筑及构造宫palace，temple殿hall厅hall又称「堂」室room房house亭pavilion台platform坛altar楼storied building* 阁pavilion廊colonnade榭pavilion on terrace 水榭waterside pavilion 轩windowed veranda 民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que，watchtower牌楼pailou，decorated gateway华表huabiao，ornamental pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语角背bracket由戗inverted V-shaped brace*手chashou，inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩wooden pier驼峰tuofeng，camel-hump shaped support宋代术语梁beam栿beam宋代术语月梁crescent beam三架梁3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽栿5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽栿7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽栿9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳栿rufu，beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer桁purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩purlin (used without dougong) 小式槫purlin宋代术语脊桁ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊槫ridged purlin宋代术语金桁intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平槫intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心桁eave purlin大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平槫eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushion board大式檐垫板cushion board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter*花架椽intermediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin宋代术语步架horizontal spacing between purlins 材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou，mortise of cap block斗拱dougong，bracket set斗dou，bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gong，bracketarm翘flower arm，petal华拱flower arm宋代术语昂ang，lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出extension of bracket出跳extension of bracket宋代术语跴cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable eave board宋代术语木装修joiner's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or window格栅partition door抹头window stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗removable window门枕door bearing门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf 门枕石bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone 天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling罩shelf龛niche博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partition wall 隔断墙vertical partition wall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石cantilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel，hanging over叠涩corbel，hanging over宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stone slab压阑石rectangular stone slab宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石intermediate pier垂带drooping belt stone副子drooping belt stone宋代术语象眼triangular space御路yulu，imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma，recta下袅lower cyma，reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade宋代术语垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail宋代术语柱顶石capital stone柱础column base踬zhi碑碣stone tablet*屃bixi，stone turtle宋及宋前术语趺fu，stone turtle清代术语石像生stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile 脊瓦ridge tile琉璃瓦glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end，eave tile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof，vertical ridge for gable roof 戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽animal砖雕brick carving彩画colored pattern，colored drawing苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern旋子彩画tangent circle pattern和玺彩画 dragons pattern天花彩画 ceiling pattern箍头 end portion of painted beam藻头intermediate portion of painted beam枋心central portion of painted beam点金gold pointing退晕color change沥粉embossed painting贴金gold foil painting。
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waterside pavilion
轩
windowed veranda
民居
folk house
四合院
courtyard house
寨
stockaded village
舫
boat house
阙
que, watchtower
牌楼
pailou, decorated gateway
华表
huabiao, ornamental pillar
交互斗
connection block
宋代术语
正心拱
axial bracket arm
泥道拱
axial bracket arm
宋代术语p
瓜拱
oval arm
瓜子拱
oval arm
宋代术语p
万拱
long arm
慢拱
long arm
宋代术语
厢拱
regular arm
令拱
regular arm
宋代术语
单材拱
大斗
cap block
栌斗
cap block
宋代术语
拱
gong,bracketarm
翘
flower arm, petal
华拱
flower arm
宋代术语
昂
ang,lever
槽升子
center block
齐心斗
center block
宋代术语
三才升
small block
十八斗
connection block
门枕石
bearing stone
抱鼓石
drum-shaped bearing stone
天花
ceiling
帽儿梁
lattice framing
支条
lattice framing
井口天花
compartment ceiling
海墁天花
flat ceiling
藻井
caisson ceiling
罩
shelf
龛
niche
博古架
antique shelf
瓦石作
masonry
檐墙
eave wall
廊墙
partition wall
扇面墙
horizontal partition wall
隔断墙
vertical partition wall
槛墙
sill wall
樨头
gable wall head
挑檐石
cantilever stone on eave
井干式构架
log cabin construction
檐柱
eave column
金柱
hypostyle column
内槽柱
hypostyle column
唐代术语
内柱
hypostyle column
宋代术语
山柱
center column
角柱
corner column
唐、宋术语
瓜柱
short column
退晕
color change
沥粉
embossed painting
贴金
gold foil painting
脊瓜柱
king post
蜀柱
king post
宋代术语
雷公柱
suspended column
帐杆
suspended column
宋代术语
侧脚
cejiao
宋代术语
卷杀
entasis
梭柱
shuttle-shaped column
宋代术语
角背
bracket
由戗
inverted V-shaped brace
和玺彩画
dragons pattern
天花彩画
ceiling pattern
箍头
end portion of painted beam
藻头
intermediate portion of painted beam
枋心
central portion of painted beam
点金
gold pointing
upper fillet and fascia
下枋
lower fillet and fascia
上袅
upper cyma, recta
下袅
lower cyma, reversa
束腰
suyao
钩栏
balustrade
宋代术语
单钩栏
single frieze balustrade
宋代术语
垂台钩栏
double frieze balustrade
塔
pagoda
硬山
flush gable roof
悬山
overhanging gable roof
歇山
gable and hip roof
庑殿
hip roof
四阿
hip roof
卷棚
round ridge roof
重檐
double eave roof
攒尖
pyramidal roof
园攒尖
round pavilion roof
抹头
window stool
棂子
grill
裙板
panel
槛窗
sill wall window
榻板
window sill
支摘窗
removable window
门枕
door bearing
门簪
decorative cylinder
门跋
door knocker
门钉
decorative nails on door leaf
补间铺作
bracket sets between columns
宋代术语
角科
bracket set on corner
转角铺作
bracket set on corner
宋代术语
出
extension of bracket
出跳
extension of bracket
宋代术语
跳
tiao
宋代术语
雀替
sparrow brace
博脊
horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof
仙人
celestial being
走兽
animal
砖雕
brick carving
彩画
colored pattern, colored drawing
苏式彩画
Suzhou style pattern
旋子彩画
tangent circle pattern
宋及宋前术语
趺
fu, stone turtle
清代术语
石像生
stone animal
石人
stone human statue
筒瓦
round tile
板瓦
flat tile
青瓦
black tile
脊瓦
ridge tile
琉璃瓦
glazed roof tile
勾头
eave tile
滴水
drip tile
望柱
baluster
望柱头
baluster capital
栏版
frieze panel
华版
frieze panel
地伏
plinth stone
寻杖
handrail
宋代术语
柱顶石
capital stone
柱础
column base
踬
zhi
碑碣
stone tablet
赑屃
bixi, stone turtle
小式
抟
purlin
宋代术语
脊（木行）
ridged purlin
大式
脊檩
ridged purlin
小式
脊抟
ridged purlin
宋代术语
金（木行）
intermediate purlin
大式
金檩
intermediate purlin
小式
上中平抟
intermediate purlin
宋代术语
老檐（木行）
purlin on hypostyle
大、小式，宋代术语
正心（木行）
eave purlin
大式
檐檩
eave purlin
小式
下平抟
eave purlin
宋代术语
额枋
architrave(used with dougong)
大式
檐枋
architrave(used with dougong)
小式
阑额
architrave
中国古代建筑及构造中英文对照
（全国自然科学名词审定委员会1996年公布）
宫
palace,temple
殿
hall
厅
hall
又称“堂”
室
room
房
house
亭
pavilion
台
platform
坛
altar
楼
storied building
阁
pavilion
廊
colonnade
榭
pavilion on terrace
举析
raising the purlin
宋代术语