大学英语修辞练习题委婉语
高级英语第三版第一册1-6课修辞汇总
高级英语第三版（1-6课除去5）修辞汇总Metaphor （暗喻）1.We can battle down and ride it out.2.Wind and rain now whipped the house.3.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi.4.As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when themuted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded.5.His wife shot him a swift, warning glance.6.…anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials inU.S. history.7.By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on acircus atmosphere.8.The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with ricketystands selling hot…9.After the preliminary sparring over legalities, Darrow got up to make his openingstatement.10.The crowed seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels withthe hot breath of his oratory as he should have.11.…who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.12.The geographic core, in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of theMississippi River, main in artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart. 13.He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silverfever in Nevada's Washoe region.14.For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and thepersistent, and was rebuffed.15.From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging hisway to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.16.He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopefulyoung writers.17.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles, but he had…Simile(明喻)1.and the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.Water rose above their ankles.2.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.3.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away.4.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power linescoiled like black spaghetti over the roads.5.Telephone poles and 2O-inoh-thiok pines cracked like suns as the winds snapped.6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire.Personification(拟人)1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off thehouse and skimmed it 40feet through the air.2.America laughed with him.3.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laughTransferred Epithet(移就)1.Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from theirspectacular vantage point。
《英语修辞》期末复习试题及答案.docx
《英语修辞》作业I.Transference of Terms of Rhetorical Devices1.Transference of Terms of Rhetorical Devices from English to ChineseSimile ---- Allusion ------Personification ------- Parallelism -------Synaesthesia ----- Oxymoron ---Synecdoche ------ Anticlimax -------Euphemism ------ Alliteration -------Metaphor ------ Antithesis ----Transferred Epithet ------ Paradox ------Metonymy -------- climax --------Understatement ------- Repetition ----Hyperbole ----- Assonance -------2.Transference of Terms of Rhetorical Devices from Chinese to English隐喻------ 对照------移就------ 隽语------转喻---- 层递----低调陈述--- 重复------夸张------ 元韵—明喻---- 弓［喻--拟人一一一—平行通感---- 矛盾修饰----提喻一一一―突降------委婉语——头韵——II.Identify the rhetorical devices according to the given definitions.1.Ifs repetition of an initial sound, usually of a consonant or cluster, in two or more words of a phrase, line of poetry, etc.A. ParallelismB. MetonymyC. AlliterationD. Metaphor2.It's a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification3.It's the humorous use of words, or of words which are formed or sounded alike but have different meanings, in such a way as to play on two or more of the possible applications; a play on words.A. AllusionB. PunC. ClimaxD. Oxymoron4.It's a figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.A. ParallelismB. MetonymyC. AlliterationD. Metaphor5.It's a statement that is not strong enough to express facts or feelings with full force; or It's a statement that expresses an idea, etc, too weakly.A. ParallelismB. ClimaxC. Rhetorical QuestionD. Understatement6.Ifs a figure of speech in which something of an unpleasant, distressing, or indelicate nature is described in less offensive terms,as in t he expressions "under the weather^, for "ill” or "passed away" for died".A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. EuphemismD. Parallelism7.It's usually an implicit reference, perhaps to another work of literature or art, to a person or an event.A. AllusionB. SimileC. Metaphor D, Synecdoche8.It's a figure of speech that consists of phrases or sentences of similar construction and meaning placed side by side, balancing each other.A. ParallelismB. AntithesisC. IronyD. Repetition9.It's a figure of speech that combines incongruous and apparently contradictory words and meaning for a special effect.A. AllusionB. PunC. ClimaxD. Oxymoron10.It is a sentence in which the last part expresses something lower than the first. In fact, a bathetic declension from a noble tone to one less exalted. The effect can be comic and is often intended to be so.A. RepetitionB. AnticlimaxC. ParadoxD. Climax11.Ifs a figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is an explicit comparison.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification12.It's a figure of speech in which human qualities and abilities are attributed to inanimate objects, animals, abstractions, and eventsA. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. Simile D, Personification13.It's a figure of speech in which a sensation produced in one modality when a stimulus is applied to another modality, as when the hearing of a certain sound induces the visualization of a certain colorA. SynaesthesiaB. AntithesisC. OxymoronD. Metonymy14.It's a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole, an individual for a class, a material for thing, or reverse of any of these.A. SimileB. MetaphorC. AllusionD. Synecdoche15.It's a figure of speech that greatly exaggerates the truth.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification16.The rhetorical opposing or contrasting of ideas by means of grammatically paralleled arrangements of words, clauses, or sentencesA. SynaesthesiaB. AntithesisC. Oxymoron D, Metonymy17.It refers to the repeating of any element in an utterance, including sound... a word or phrase, a pattern of accents., or an arrangement of lines...A. RepetitionB. AntithesisC. AlliterationD. Parallelism18.It's a method of humorous or subtly sarcastic expression in which the intended meaning of the words used is the direct opposite of their usual sense.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. IronyD. Simile19.It's a literary or artistic work that imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect or ridicule.A. MetaphorB. PunC. Simile D, Parody20. A figure of speech in which a single word, usually a verb or adjective, is syntactically related to two or more words, with only one of which it seems logically connected.A. RepetitionB. AntithesisC. Zeugma D, ParallelismIII.Identify the rhetorical devices employed by the boldfaced words in the following sentences.1.O dear! O dear! What shall I do? I have lost my love and my lipstick too.A. RepetitionB. AnticlimaxC. ParadoxD. Climax2. Australia isA. so kind, just tickle herwithB. Hyperbolea hoe, and she laughs withharvest.C. SimileD.Personification3. My heart is like a singing bird.A. MetaphorB. ParodyC. SimileD. Oxymoron4.When Della had finished crying, she went to the window and looked out sadly at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey back-yard.A. ParallelismB. AntithesisC. IronyD. Repetition5.On the 14th of March, at a quarter to three in the afternoon, the great living thinker ceased to think. He had been left alone for scarcely two minutes, and when we came back we found him in his armchair, peacefully gone to sleep but—— forever.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. EuphemismD. Parallelism6.O, wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind?A. Parallelism B, Climax C. Rhetorical Question D, Understatement7.Of all the students in the class I like him the best.A. AnastropheB. AnticlimaxC. Rhetorical Question D, Understatement8.You can ask him for the meaning of the word. He is like a walking dictionary.A. MetaphorB. Hyperbole9. Books are the ever-burning lamps.C. Simile D.OxymoronA. MetaphorB. Hyperbole10. Money makes the mare go. C. Simile D.OxymoronA. ParadoxB. AssonanceC. AlliterationD. Simile11.There was an audible stillness, in which the common voice sounded strange.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Oxymoron12.Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit we cannot flower and grow without it.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Oxymoron13.One teacher writes that instead of drowning students9compositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting favorably on them.A. ParallelismB. Transferred EpithetC. Alliteration D, Metaphor14.He looked at me with a bitter look.A. SynaesthesiaB. AntithesisC. OxymoronD. Metaphor15.---Why are Sunday and Saturday the strongest days in a week?---Because the rest are week (weak) days.A. MetaphorB. PunC. SimileD. Irony16.All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.A. AntithesisB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification17.---Why can you never expect a fisherman to be generous?---Because his business make him sell fish (selfish).A. MetaphorB. PunC. SimileD. Irony18.Women were running out to the line of march, crying and laughing and kissing the men good-bye.A. AntithesisB. HyperboleC. RepetitionD. Parallelism19.Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.A. MetaphorB. PunC. SimileD. Irony20.1wish I could write better.A. PunB. HyperboleC. ClimaxD. UnderstatementIV.Identify the rhetorical devices employed in the following sentences.1.Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit we cannot flower and grow without it.( )2.One teacher writes that instead of drowning students5 compositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting favorably on them. ( )3.And, it being low water he went out with the tide.( )4.They were short of hands at harvest time. ( )5.In the dock, she found scores of arrows piercing her chest. ( )6.With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.( )7.The drunkard smashed the glasses, upturned the table, and hit an old woman.( )8.One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad. ( )9.He intended to take an opportunity this afternoon of speaking to Irene. A word in time saves nine.( )10.No X in Nixon.( )11.All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players. ( )12.He looked at me with a bitter look.( )13.The man is no fool. ( )14.You want your pound of flesh, don't you? ( )15.The child is father of the man.( )16.Perhaps, perhaps Mera might come. ( )17. A professor tapped on his desk and shouted, "Gentlemen, order!”The entire class yelled, "Beer." ( )18.1used to organize my father's tools, my mother's kitchen utensils, my sister's boyfriends.( )19. A man from the continent was traveling in England. He had caught a very bad cold. He coughed day and night... Heput on his coat and hat and went to a chemisfs. When asked what he wanted, the traveler said, “I want something for my cow, please.,, ( )20.Have you ever been to an Irish Wedding? I have just returned from one...21. Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit. (22.1 fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!( )23.The senator pledged to oppose war, fight poverty, protect individual freedom and name a new state flowen ( )24.It is a quarter to five in the morning, the sun has already climbed above the horizon; the birds are busy celebratingthe new day and have eagerly been in search of food.( )25.Who wouldn't have dreamed of becoming rich overnight?( )26.What she had said I didn't hear.( )V.Two or more than two rhetorical devices are used in the following sentences. Read and select the rhetorical devices in each sentence.1.Time is like a fashionable host, that slightly shakes his passing guest by the band; and with his arms stretched, as he would fly, grasps in the comer. The welcomes ever smile, and farewell goes out sighing.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification2.The seed ye sow, another reaps;The wealth ye find, another keeps;The robes ye weave, another wears;The arms ye forge, another bears.A. ParallelismB. AntithesisC. Alliteration D, Repetition3.Every man has in himself a continent of undiscovered character. Happy is he who acts the Columbus to his own soul.A. SimileB. MetaphorC. Allusion D, Synecdoche4.Miss Bolo went straight home in a flood of tears and a sedan chair.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Syllepsis5.These little thoughts are the rustles of leaves; they have their whisper of joy in my mind.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification6. A drop of ink may make a million think.A. PunB. AntithesisC. AlliterationD. Metonymy7.How soon hath Time, the subtle thief of youth, stolen on his wing my three and twentieth year!A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification8.She did experiments after experiments. There was failure, success, more failure, a little success, a little more success.A. Metonymy B, Climax C. Hyperbole D, Repetition9.The mother is undergoing the joyful pain, and the painful joy of childbirth.A. HyperboleB. AntithesisC. Oxymoron D, Metonymy10.Why are lawyers all uneasy sleepers? Because they lie first on one side and then on the other, and remain wide wake all the time.A. PunB. AnticlimaxC. Rhetorical QuestionD. Understatement11. A lie can travel half way around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification12.It is useless for the sheep to pass resolutions in favor of vegetarianism while the wolf remains of a different opinion.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. SimileD. Personification13.He was such a marvelous teacher that whenever he recognized a spark of genius you could be sure he'd water it.A. MetaphorB. UnderstatementC. IronyD. Paradox14.Polly, I love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellation of out space.A. PunB. HyperboleC. ClimaxD. Understatement15.Then Night, like some great loving mother, gently lays her hand at our fevered head, and turns our little tear-stained face up to hers, and smiles.A. MetaphorB. HyperboleC. Simile D, Personification16.On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday they prey on you.A. AntithesisB. ParallelismC. AlliterationD. PunVI.Revise the following sentences with the given rhetorical devices.1.David's beloved grandfather passed away last week.2.He looked at me with a sad look.3.Sorry, my pocket can't afford such a pair of shoes.4.1never believe until then that any meal could defeat me, but on that day I met my Waterloo.5.Her hostility melted.6.She is lovely, kind-hearted and has a quick mind.7.1was knocked down by a motorcycle, but it was not serious.8.He is a man of wide experience and who is also very popular with the farmers.9.To chew carefully and eating slowly are necessary for good digestion.10.On the train I met with a girl from my hometown and who just graduated from Tianjin University with MA degree.11.My heart is like a singing bird.12.She is as cool as a cucumber..13.They were short of hands at harvest time.14.The bad news was a dagger into her heart.15.They stormed the speaker with questions.16.He looked at me with a bitter look17.You want your pound of flesh?18.He doesn't have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say.19.His grandfather passed away recently.20.Her happiness vanished like the morning dew.VII.Find the rhetorical devices employed in the following passage.AA Dream of Rainbow(1)When I was small, I often gazed into the sky, It was bright blue, with a few sheets of cloud floating. Especially after a rain, after a rain, there would appear a splendid and glamorous rainbow, which was like a great bridge hung in the sky. How I wished I had been an eagle soaring up to the bridge! I was obsessed with it. Grandma told me that in the heaven lived supernatural beings, and that it was the kind-hearted and well-behaved people who could step into the heaven through the rainbow. She taught me to be a good boy; then I would have a chance to walk on the rainbow some day.(2)It was a beautiful dream. Gradually, I grew up to be a high school student. However, I buried myself in lesson, exercises and even boring tests all day long. Day in and day out. Such a pressing routine has deprived me of my interest as well as my chance to gaze into the sky.(3)I n the summer of 1998,after finished the college entrance examination, I had time for relaxing myself at last. One day, shortly after a heavy thundershower, I opened the window and then pleasant smells of the earth greeted me. I couldn't help breathing deeply with my eyes closed. After some while, I opened my eyes satisfactorily. Just guess what I saw. The blue sky! Or rather the blue-gray sky. It seemed that I met an old friend, who had changed so much that I could hardly recognize him. I craned my head out to look for the rainbow of which I have a deep love. But to my disappointment, she didn't appear in the sky. Why could it be that!(4)Now, I come to understand it is the pollution that made the rainbow so strange to me and compelled her to be away from me. In the past few years, economic prosperity has been greatly promoted at the cost of air and environmental pollution. As result,while people are enjoying the prosperity, they are suffering a great deal from pollution. No wonder scientists say this is the revenge of nature! It is never too late to mend anyhow. Now more and more people have become coolly aware of its harmful consequences; and effective measures have been taken for anti-pollution. I believe that pollution will be able to disappear in the near future and our sky will be able to renew its bright blue as it used to.(5)L ast night, I dreamed a beautiful dream: I saw a rainbow that has been never seen for ages. Then I flew in the sky to the rainbow as If I had wings. When I landed on such a gorgeous bridge, all supernatural beings gave me a warm welcome...Rhetorical Devices used:Paragraph (1) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (2) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (3) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (4) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (5) _____________________________________________________BThe Olympic Aspiration of an Ordinary Chinese Farmer(1)T he Beijing's bid for the 2008 Olympics reflects the common aspiration of the 1.3 billion Chinese people. Apart from Beijing, every city of China has been launching a series of rich and varied supporting activities. However, the country folks are no less enthusiastic than the town people, and they have their own way. Comparatively speaking, the events in cities are tremendous in power and grandeur; while the activities in the countryside are like a gentle breeze and a mild rain. The earnest aspiration of rural resident for the Olympic bid can be mirrored just from an ordinary Chinese farmer my uncle, who is 68 years old, living ina small village about 100km east of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Privine.(2)During the week-long Labour Day holiday, I went to see him. I was very happy to find him hale and hearty. But nine years ago, he suffered from severe T.B. Ever since his recovery a year later, he has taken exercise: doing Taijiquan, kicking shuttlecock, especially having a long walk every morning at all seasons. His good health is attributed to his regular physical exercise, and he thus realize what an important role it plays in building up the health of a person as well as that of the whole nation.(3)Last year, when he heard the news on TV that Beijing decided to participate in the bid for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games, he felt quite excited and threw himself into fervent support. Since then, reading newspapers becomes a must every day. He has accumulated an intimate knowledge of the Olympics, such as its brief history, its creed, its motto,(4)My visit to him was turned into a sole conversation about the Olympics. After a comprehensive analysis, he told me that he has one gratification and one anxiety about the Beijing's bid. His gratification is that the Beijing's bid enjoys worldwide support, and most countries in the world favor Beijing as a host of the 2008 Summer Games. As to his anxiety, that is Paris and Toronto are the two most formidable rivals for Beijing. Over 90 per cent of all 123 IOC members have ever been to Paris, but only 40 per cent have been to Beijing. More unfavorably, the US congress created all sorts of obstacles in an attempt to block China's bidding wheel. "What does it matter if we meet some difficulties?" he said resolutely. " I am still confident of the final success.,, He expressed his hope that he would go to Beijing to watch the Games in 7 years.(5)Now, the rural areas have seen a steadily growing economy, The great majority of farmers enjoy a high standard of living. They know that the hosting of the Games will be a boost to the country's economic prosperity and tourism, and can bringthem a better life. At the same time, people from all over the world can get a good opportunity to see through sport a real China ——its honest and hospitable people, its ancient and splendid culture, its 300-year-old and vitalizing capital, its rural scenery, its historical sites, its scenic attraction...(6)The Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics is being longed for by all Chinese people from as high as state leaders to as country folks like my uncle.Rhetorical Devices used:Paragraph (1) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (2) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (3) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (4) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (5) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (6) _______________________________________________________CAn Unforgettable Trip(1)The train was cracking for Qinhuangdao --------- a beautiful city which I had been longing for, and which often appeared in my dreams. My thoughts had already flown out to the sea: the red sun shining in the sky, millions of shells and pebbles on the beach, lots of people playing in the water, and the waves breaking and foaming. With the dreamlike scene, smile crept up and stayed on my face. Four hours passed, and we arrived at our destination late at night.(2)We set out very early the next morning. Just several minutes later, the wind brought us the scent of the sea, and the sea greeted us. Jumping off the car, I ran wildly along the shore. I was amazed at the vast surface and the blue water, which were far more magnificent than I had imaged. Some birds were flying above and singing beautiful songs; A coupleof ships were sailing at a distance; the sea and the sky converged in the distance so that I couldn,t tell one from another. Throwing off my shoes, I stepped into the water ------------------------- w aves lightly patting my legs, gentle breeze kissing my checks,fresh air penetrating my lungs. I couldn't help shouting loudly to release my deep depression.(3)Just a month ago, I failed the postgraduate entrance exam against 3 points. God treated me so unfairly that I almost lost my confidence in the future. But now facing the vast sea , I felt how small I was, and how insignificant my personal gains and losses were. The grandeur of nature relaxed me a lot and gave me much inspiration. The world isn't as dismal as I thought. Before this I had only seen the dark side of the coin instead of both. It is true that I often met with troubles, but worries, troubles, even misfortune are not everything. Life is beautiful yet transient so that I shouldn,t sink into depression all the time. Instead, as a youth,I should embrace life and enjoy life. I once read a philosophical saying from a book : " Yesterday is an invalid check; tomorrow isa kind of deposit which can't be used; today is the money in front of you.^^ So I must value today and let yesterday go and let all gloominess go. Woken up from the meditation by gust of hailing, I found the sun jumping above sea, it lights made everything bright. I cried, " A new day is coming.^,(4)Now, I have learned to love life. I can find happiness and beauty from my surrounding: the bright sun, the blue sky, the green grass, the beautiful flowers, the singing bird, the smiling faces---all can bring me joy and satisfaction. Oh, an unforgettabletrip.Rhetorical Devices used:Paragraph (1) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (2) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (3) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (4) _______________________________________________________DSingers Shouldn't Earn More Than Composers(1)With the steady growth in the county's economy as well as the people's living standard, people attach more importance to the colorful cultural life. As a result, many pop stars rise to fame overnight, even making a huge fortune a year. On the other hand, the composers of popular songs that make these singers famous earn only a small fraction of what these " noted stars" earn. Recently, this phenomenon has aroused wide concern, and heated public debate has arisen.(2)The pains and gains of the so-called stars are not matched. One hour's performance may bring them thousand of yuan, while the composers are too far behind to catch up, so it is unfair and discouraging, Most of the composers, as we know, are musicians and experts in music who devote themselves to research and composition of knowledge. Singing stars are always the idols of youngsters. Many of them get rich quick without toil and sweat, thereby making youngsters disbelieve in the maxim " No pains, no gains,,; some of them even have an extravagant and wasteful way of living, which is tremendously tempting and misleading.(3)Of course, every thing has two faces. It goes without saying that the stars enrich people's entertainment and make our life colorful; anyhow, the bright side should not keep us from criticizing its dark one.(4)All in all, I should say that the pop stars do not deserve such high payment than composers do. The government should levy heavier income tax on these stars in order to narrow the gap between the income of so-called pop stars and that of composers.Rhetorical Devices used:Paragraph (1) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (2) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (3) _______________________________________________________Paragraph (4) _______________________________________________________《英语修辞》作业参考答案1.明喻引喻拟人平行通感矛盾修饰法提喻突降委婉语头韵隐喻对照移就隽语转喻层递低调陈述重复夸张元韵2.Metaphor Antithesis TransferredEpithet ParadoxMetonymy Climax Understatement Repetitio nHyperbole Assonance Simile Allusion Personification Parallelism Synaesthesia Oxymoron Synecdoche Anticlimax Euphemism AlliterationII.1. C (Alliteration)2. A (Metaphor)3. B (Pun)4. B (Metonymy)5. D (Understatement)6.C (Euphemism)7. A (Allusion)8. A (Parallelism)9. D (Oxymoron) 10. B. (Anticlimax) 11. C (Simile) 12.D (Personification)13. A (Synaesthesia) 14. D(Synecdoche) 15. B (Hyperbole) 16.B (Antithesis); 17. A (Repetition) 18. C (Irony) 19. D (Parody) 20. C. (Zeugma) III.I. B (Anticlimax)3. C (Simile)5. C (Euphemism)7. A (Anastrophe)9. A (Metaphor)II. D (Oxymoron)13. B (Transferred Epithet) 15. B (Pun)17. B (Pun)19. A (Metaphor)IV.1.Simile4.Synecdoche7. Climax10.Palindrome13. Understatement16.Repetition19. Malapropism22. Metaphor2. D (Personification)4. D (Repetition)6. C (Rhetorical Question)8. C (Simile)10. C (Alliteration)12. C (Simile)14. A (Synaesthesia)16. C (Simile)18 D (Parallelism)20. D (Understatement)3.Euphemism6. Parallelism9.Parody12. Synaesthesia15.ParadoxZeugma 21,Simile24.Simile2. Transferred Epithet5. Hyperbole8. Assonance11. Metaphor14. Allusion17. Pun20. Rhetorical Question23. Anticlimax;。
大学英语修辞
大学英语修辞1) Simile：(明喻）2) Metaphor：(暗喻）3) Analogy: (类比）4) Personification: (拟人）5) Hyperbole: (夸张）6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述）7) Euphemism: (委婉）8) Metonymy (转喻）9) Synecdoche (提喻）10) Antonomasia (换称）11) Pun: (双关语）12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙）13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配）14) Irony: (反语）15) Innuendo: (暗讽）16) Sarcasm: (讽刺）17) Paradox: (隽语）18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰）19) Antithesis: (对照）20) Epigram: (警句）21) Climax: (渐进）22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）23) Apostrophe：(顿呼）24) Transferred Epithet: (一就修饰语）25) Alliteration: (头韵）26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声）修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。
它能使语言生动形象、具体活泼，给人以美的享受。
（一）音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)顾名思义，音韵修辞格是利用词语的语音特点创造出来的修辞手法。
包括: a) Onomatopoeia(拟声) 是模仿事物发出的声响,如：Presently there came theclick of high-heeled shoes.高跟皮鞋声咯咯地传了过来。
b) Alliteration(头韵) 就是在一个词组或一个诗行中，有两个以上彼此靠近的词，其开头的音节（或其他重读音节）具有同样的字母或声音；如：Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.皮特.派特咽下了一口腌菜用的胡椒粉。
英语修辞学例子
精心整理高考复习（精品）：英语修辞和英语修辞学例子修辞格（FiguresofSpeech）英语修辞学分为广义修辞学（BroadStylisticContext）和狭义修辞学。
广义修辞学涉及语体和体裁（StyleandTypeofWriting）等问题。
狭义修辞学（NarrowStylisticContext）主要涉及各种修辞手法，即修辞格（StylisticDevices,RhetoricalDevicesorFiguresofSpeech）的问题。
英语常用修辞格分为词义上的修辞格（（SyntacticStylisticDevices（红色为10级讲过Simile一词源于拉丁语Similis，意为like借助比喻词（如like，as的运用（一）Simile的构成Simile通常由三部分构成：本体（（comparativeword）。
如：Myloveislikearedredrose.①②).[Simile]John和hisfather同类，例②是明喻，因为本体和喻体不同类。
（二）1.like+likeEg.Heworkslikeanox.(实意动词+like)2.as型：①as……as②as……soEg.Asthelionisthekingofbeasts,soistheeaglekingofbirds.鹰为百鸟之王，犹如狮是百兽之王。
3.虚拟句型：①asif②asthoughEg.HewasabeautifulhorsethatlookedasthoughhehadcomeoutofapaintingbyVelasquez.这匹马真骏，看起来仿佛是从一幅维拉斯奎茨的油画里跑出来的一样。
4.what型：①AistoBwhatXistoY②whatXisY,AistoB③whatAcallsB,XcallsYEg.Readingistothemindwhatexerciseistothebody.阅读之于思想，如同锻炼之于身体。
英语修辞练习题(打印版)
英语修辞练习题（打印版）English Rhetoric Practice Questions1. Metaphor and Simile IdentificationWhich of the following sentences uses a metaphor, and which uses a simile? Explain your reasoning.A. The world is a stage.B. Her smile was as bright as the sun.2. Personification ExerciseRewrite the following sentence using personification:The wind gently rustled the leaves.3. Hyperbole or Understatement?Determine whether the following statements are hyperboles or understatements:A. I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.B. The party was a bit dull.4. Alliteration and AssonanceIdentify the use of alliteration and assonance in the following lines from a poem:The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,Loud roared the wind, as it swept through the trees.5. Connotation and DenotationExplain the difference between the connotation and denotation of the word "rose."6. Irony RecognitionIdentify the type of irony used in the following scenario: A politician who has been caught in a corruption scandal gives a speech about the importance of integrity.7. Oxymoron CreationCreate an oxymoron that describes a situation where someone is both extremely happy and extremely sad at the same time.8. Anaphora and EpistropheRewrite the following sentence using both anaphora and epistrophe:She loves to dance, she loves to sing, she loves to act, and she loves to paint.9. Puns and WordplayExplain the pun in the following headline: "The Local Gym Just Added a New Weight to Its Repertoire."10. Euphemism and DysphemismRewrite the following sentence using a euphemism: The old man passed away last night.11. Paradox and ParadoxographyIdentify the paradox in the following statement: "The only way to achieve peace is to prepare for war."12. Climax and AnticlimaxRewrite the following sentence to create an anticlimax: The long-awaited concert finally began with the star performer taking the stage to thunderous applause.13. Tone and MoodDescribe the tone and mood of the following passage:The sun was setting, casting a warm glow over thetranquil lake. The ducks swam peacefully, and the gentle breeze rustled the leaves.14. Symbolism and AllegoryExplain the symbolism of the following lines from a poem:The old oak tree stood tall and proud,Its roots deep in the earth, its branches reaching forthe sky.15. Rhetorical QuestionsIdentify the rhetorical question in the following speech excerpt: "How can we expect to grow if we do not nurture our minds and our spirits?"End of Practice Questions。
高考英语修辞手法识别练习题30题含答案解析
高考英语修辞手法识别练习题30题含答案解析1.The sun is a golden ball in the sky.A.The sun is a silver plate in the sky.B.The sun is a red flower in the sky.C.The sun is a big lamp in the sky.答案解析：这句话是比喻，把太阳比作金色的球。
A 选项把太阳比作银色的盘子；B 选项把太阳比作红色的花；C 选项把太阳比作大的灯。
只有第一个选项是把太阳比作了球，和题干的修辞手法一致。
2.The wind whispered through the trees.A.The wind shouted through the trees.B.The wind roared through the trees.C.The wind sang through the trees.答案解析：这句话是拟人，把风拟人化，说风在树间低语。
A 选项说风在树间大喊；B 选项说风在树间咆哮；C 选项说风在树间唱歌。
只有C 选项把风拟人化，和题干的修辞手法一致。
3.The stars are diamonds in the sky.A.The stars are pearls in the sky.B.The stars are crystals in the sky.C.The stars are fireflies in the sky.答案解析：这句话是比喻，把星星比作钻石。
A 选项把星星比作珍珠；B 选项把星星比作水晶；C 选项把星星比作萤火虫。
只有 A 选项是把星星比作了宝石，和题干的修辞手法一致。
4.The river danced its way to the sea.A.The river flowed its way to the sea.B.The river rushed its way to the sea.C.The river skipped its way to the sea.答案解析：这句话是拟人，把河流拟人化，说河流跳舞着流向大海。
大学 英语修辞整理及例子
1.Alliteration 头韵heart,home2.Assonance 元韵late,make“The rain in spain falls mainly in the plain.”The kind guide said aside he would chop the way for us.好心的导游在一旁说他将替我们开路。
3.Consonance 辅韵They left half a loaf in the safe.4.Onomatopoeia 拟声The stream murmurs through the woods.5.Aposiopesis [æ'pəʊsaɪəʊpi:sɪs] 说话中断法，跳脱“You’d better do this or else…”6.Apostrophe 呼语Captain!my captain!rise up and hear the bells:7.Pun 双关ball:(1)any round or spherical object (2)a formal social dance8.Repetition 重复The rain pours and pours.9.Anaphora 首语重复法Light come, light go.10.Epiphora 句末重复法Waste not,want not.11.Simploce首结语重复法This is the world’s fight, This is civilization’s fight.12.anadiplosis 顶针With Bewick on my knee,I was then happy:happy at least in my way.13.Parallelism 平行结构The young actor was tall,dark,and handsome.14.Antithesis 对偶Marriage is easy,housekeepin g is hard.15.Climax 层进法We want peace,we want freedom,we want a better life.16.Anticlimax 突降法Where shall I find hope, happiness ,friends, cigarettes?17.Syllepsis 一语双叙He lost his coat and his temper.18.Zeugma 轭式修辞法We ate a bun and a glass of milk.19.Chiasmus 回文One should eat to live,not live to eat.20.Asyndeton 连词省略法Nothing is insider them, they were sealed up before the creation of pestilence.21.Polysyndeton 连词叠用法I am a soul，or a body, a mind.22.Rhetorical question 反问Isn’t it the best choice?23.Simile 明喻Time flies like an arrow.24.Metaphor 暗喻You are my sunshine.25.Metonymy 借喻He has a good ear for music.26.Synecdoche 提喻He paid the workers $5 per head.27.Antonomasia换称He is modern Hitler---a tyrant.Jack is Michael Jordan on our basketball team.28.Personification 拟人The bird is singing joyfully.29.Parody 仿拟I had no outlook,but an uplook rather.30.Synesthesia 通感The music breathing from her face.31.Transferred epithet 移情a sleepless bed32.. understatement 轻描淡写，低调陈述1.AUTHOR &WORKS1>William Faulkner is the author of ______.A. Far From the Madding CrowdB. Sound and FuryC. For Whom the Bell TollsD. Scarlet LetterKey B2>The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by _____.A. Jack LondonB. Charles DickensC. Samuel ColeridgeD. Ernest HemingwayKey: D3>James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT ______.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC. Jude the ObscureD. UlyssesKey: C4>Which of the following is NOT a poem by Emily Dickinson?A. This is my letter to the world.B. / heard a fly buzz —when I died.C. This is just to say.D. Because I could not stop for death. Key: C (William Carlos Williams)5>Francis Bacon' s _____ is a great essay on education.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The Importance of Being EarnestC. The New AtlanticD. The Learned Reading upon the Statute of UsesKey: A6>William Makepeace Thackeray' s most famous work is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Past and PresentC. Major BarbaraD. Vanity FairKey: D7>Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in Beauty.B. The Solitary Reaper.C. When We Two Parted.D. Childe Harold' s Pilgrimage.Key: B8> William Golding' s first and most well-known novel is ______.A. Coral IslandB. Lord of the FliesC. Treasure IslandD. The Brass ButterflyKey: B9> Moby Dick is the most important work by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Herman MelvilleC. Sinclair LewisD. Ralph EllisonKey: B10>Stephen Crane is famous for ______.A. An American TragedyB. The AmbassadorsC. Main StreetD. The Red Badge of Courage Key: D11>Robert Frost is a famous _____.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. literary criticKey: C12>Eugene 0' Neil is an American ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. essayist KEY:B13>_____ is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. Bernard ShawKEY:D14>Who is the only woman writer that has won both Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize?A. Pearl Buck.B. Virginia Woolf.C. Tony Morrison.D. Katharine Mansfield.KEY: A15> ______ is NOT among the postwar poets in modem American literature.A. Robert LowellB. Gary SynderC. Alien GinsbergD. e. e. cummingsKEY: D16>Shylock is a character in ______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. The Twelfth NightC. The Winter's TaleD. MacbethKEY: A17>This line "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?' is quoted from ______.A. Don Juan.B. Kubla KhanC. To AutumnD. Ode to the West Wind KEY: D18>The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer' s day" is quoted from Shakespeare' s ______.A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnetsKEY : D19>"Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe ShelleyKEY: A19>"Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley KEY: A20>Tess is a character created by ______.A. D. H. LawrenceB. James JoyceC. Thomas HardyD. Dylan Thomas Key: C21>As a literary figure, Heathcliff appears in ______.A. Jane EyreB. Oliver TwistC. Wuthering HeightsD. Middlemarch Key: C22>Emily Grierson is a literary figure created by ______.A. Willa GatherB. Doris LessingC. William FaulknerD. Nathaniel Hawthorn Key: C23> Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.A. comicB. tragicC. roundD. sophisticated Key: A24> Mr. Darcy is a character in ______.A. Tess of the D' UrhervillesB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Happy PrinceD. The Mill on the Floss Key: B25> The image of the famous "henpecked husband" is created by______.A. Washington IrvingB. Fennimore CooperC. Edith WhartonD. William Dean Howells Key: A26> ______ is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. RomanceB. NovelC. SonnetD. Drama Key: A27> ______ was the most important person of the transcendental club.A. HawthornB. WhitmanC. EmersonD. Thoreau Key: C28> The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be _____.A. O'NeilB. PoundC. Robert FrostD. Scott Fitzgerald Key: D29>Together with Lawrence and Joyce, ______ is considered one of the three giants of the modern English novel and a master of English prose.A. Henry JamesB. Joseph ConradC. E. M. ForsterD. Aldous Huxley Key: B30>_____,the author of The Interpretation of Dreams has great impact on literary creation and criticism.A. Carl JungB. Jean-Paul SartreC. Friedrich Wilhelm NietzscheD. Sigmund Freud Key: D31> Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B. To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past. Key: B32>Whitman's poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT _____.A. a strict poetic formB. a simple and conversational languageC. a free and natural rhythmic patternD. an easy flow of feelings Key: A33> Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?A. Hemingway.B. Fitzgerald.C. Gertrude Stein.D. William Faulkner. Key: C34> The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.A. 1820B. 1850C. 1880D. 1920 Key: A35> The success of Jane Eyre is partly due to its introduction to the English novel the first _____ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess Key: D36> _____ is the representative work of the Beat Generation.A. The Great GatsbyB. On the RoadC. Look Back in AngerD. The Sun Also Rises Key: B37>The most significant idea of the Renaissance is ______.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism Key: A38>The title of Thackeray's "Vanity Fair" is taken from __A. The Holy BibleB. The Faerie QueenC.The Pilgrim's ProgressD. Paradise Lost Key: C39>Who is considered the father of American poetry?A. Philip Freneau.B. William Cullen Bryant.C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.D. Henry David Thoreau.Key: A ( The Wild Honey Suckle)40>Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followedby_______.A. Jack LondonB. Sinclair LewisC. William FaulknerD. Earnest Hemingway Key: D41> _____ is featured by black humor.A. CaricatureB. Catch-22C. The Catcher in the RyeD. Death of a Salesman Key: B42>______ has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and Nobel Prize.A. Ernest HemingwayB. John SteinbeckC. Eugene 0' NeilD. William Faulkner Key: C43> ______ is known as "the poet' s poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne Key: C44> Robert Burns is a poet from ______.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. IrelandD. Scotland Key: D45>Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between _____ and _____ centuries.A. 14th/mid-17thB. 14th/mid-18thC. 16th/mid-18thD. 16th/mid-17th Key: A46>O Captain! My Captain! was written in memory of _____.A. Walt WhitmanB. Benjamin FranklinC. Abraham LincolnD. Martin Luther King Key: C47>The first book of the Old Testament is called ______.A. ExodusB. NumbersC. LeviticusD. Genesis Key: D48>William Blake' s The Tiger is collected in ______.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches Key: B49>Who is the father of English poetry?A. Shakespeare.B. Edmund Spencer.C. John Milton.D. Geoffrey Chaucer. Key: D50>The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to _____ for his "mastery of the art of modem narration".A.William FaulknerB. John SteinbeckC. Saul BellowD. Ernest Hemingway Key: D51>It is generally regarded that Keats’s most important and mature poems are in the form of___.A. odeB. elegyC. epicD. sonnet Key: A52> 0. Henry earned his fame mainly for his _____.A. novelsB. poemsC. short storiesD. dramas Key: C53> Works by ______ are characterized by stream-of-consciousness.A. George EliotB. Jane AustenC. Emily BronteD. Virginia Woolf Key: D54>Who of the followings is a playwright of the "theater of absurd" ?A.John Osborn.B. Wystan Hugh Auden.C. Bernard Shaw.D. Samuel Beckett. Key: D55>In the works of such aesthetics, as ______ and Walter Pater, the theory of "art for art' s sake" is advocated.A. Oscar WildeB. Mrs. GaskellC. Alexander PopeD. Charles Lamb Key: A56>The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of______.A. Jane AustinB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth Key: B57>The Victorian Age was largely an age of ______, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. pessimismB. naturalismC. modernismD. critical realism Key: D58>In which novel can "Yahoo" be found?A. John Bunyan' s Pilgrim' s Progress.B.Edmund Spencer’s The Faerie Queen.C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.D. Henry Fielding' s Tom Jones.Key: C (Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Laputa, Yahoo)59>The Bronte Sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT ______.A. The Tenant of Wildfell HallB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Agnes Grey Key: A60>Beowulf narrates a story taking place in _____.A. the MediterraneanB. Northern EuropeC. EnglandD. Scandinavia Key: D1.The national epic of the Anglo-Saxons is ____.A . Robin Hood B. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. The Canterbury TalesD. Beowulf2. ____was the most outstanding single romance on the Arthurian legend written in alliterative verse.A. The Canterbury TalesB. Piers the PlowmanC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. Beowulf3. Most of the ballads of the 5th century focused on the legend about____ as a heroic figure.A. Green NightsB. GawainC. Robin HoodD. Hamlet4.In the 16th century, Thomas More’s work ____became immediately popular after its publication.A. Paradise LostB. A Pleasant Satire of the Three EstatesC. Of BeautyD. Utopia5. ____was Edmund Spencer’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the great poems in the English language.A. AmorettiB. The Shepherd’s CalendarC. The Faerie QueenD. Four Hymns6. ____ is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.A. “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”B. “To be or not to be: that is the question”C. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”D. “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”7. The vivid portrayal of ____ by Shakespeare in Henry IV has earned for him an enviable place in the history of English literature.A . Julius Caesar B. Falstaff C. Hamlet D. King Henry8.The four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ____.A. Antony and CleopatraB. Julius CaesarC. Twelfth NightD. King Lear9. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s romantic love comedies?A. Twelfth NightB. The TempestC. As You Like ItD. The Merchant of Venice10.The hero who has fallen a victim to his own ambition must be ______.A. HamletB. OthelloC. King LearD. Macbeth11. ______ is acclaimed as “the poets‘poet”,A. ShakespeareB. SpenserC. KeatsD. Chaucer12. The allusion “A Pound of Flesh”comes from Shakespeare‘s ______.A. HamletB. The Merchant of VeniceC. King LearD. Othello13. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries ______ appeared in England as a new trend in literature.A. RenaissanceB. ReformationC. RomanticismD. Sentimentalism14. Of studies was written by ______.A. John Bunyan.B. John Donne.C. Francis Bacon.D. William Blake.15. Which of the following is the highest form of literary expression?A. Prose.B. Poetry.C. Novel.D. Speech.16. The 18th century in English literature is an age of ______.A. novelB. poemC. proseD. play17. Which of the following work tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise Regained.C. L' ALLegro.D. Lycidas.18. Who is the creator and a great master of the historical novel?A. John Keats.B. Walter Scott.C. Jane Austen.D. Charles Lamb.19. Bunyan‘s most important work is ______, written in theold-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.A. The FootprintB. On His BlindnessC. Vanity FairD. The Pilgrim's Progress20. Romanticism as a literary movement came into being in England early in the latter half the ______ century.A. 16thB. 17thC. 18thD. 19th21. The novel Oliver Twist was written by ______.A. Jane AustenB. John Keats C . Charles Dickens D. George Eliot22. In Anglo-Saxon period, “Beowulf”represented the ______poetry.A. paganB. religionsC. romanticD. sentimental23. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama. It was ______who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.A. Christopher MarloweB. Thomas LodgeC. Edmund SpenserD. Thomas More24. At the beginning of the 16th century the outstanding humanist______wrote his Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people‘s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas MarloweC. Francis BaconD. William Shakespeare25. Of the following plays ______ is not a comedy.A. A Midsummer Night‘s DreamB. The Merchant of V eniceC. Twelfth NightD. Romeo and Juliet26. The first poem in The lyrical Ballads is Coleridge‘s masterpieceA. Kubla KhanB. The PreludeC. The Rime of Ancient MarinerD. Tintern Abbey27.Dickens takes the French Revolution as the background of the novel______.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. Great ExpectationsC. Hard TimesD. David Copperfield28. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to write in ______ after the Norman Conquest.A. FrenchB. LatinC. EnglishD. Greek29. Beowulf was written in ______.A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. Early Modem EnglishD. French30. The English Renaissance period was an age of______.A. drama and novelB. poetry and dramaC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry1---5 D C C D C 6-10 C B D B D11-15 B B C C B 16-20 C A B D C21-25 C A A A D 26-30 C A C A B。
高考英语修辞手法效果分析练习题30题(带答案)
高考英语修辞手法效果分析练习题30题(带答案)1. 题干："All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players." (William Shakespeare)答案：修辞手法为比喻。
将“世界”比作“舞台”，将“男男女女”比作“演员”。
从语言表达效果来看，这种比喻简洁而形象地描绘出世界就像一个舞台一样，人们在其中扮演着不同的角色。
在情感渲染上，传达出一种对人生如戏的感慨。
让读者能够深刻地感受到人生的多样性和戏剧性，仿佛每个人的生活都是一场有剧本的演出。
2. 题干："The wind howled angrily through the night."答案：修辞手法为拟人。
把“风”赋予了“愤怒地嚎叫”这种人类的行为和情感。
在语言表达效果上，使风的形象更加生动，不再是单纯的自然现象。
情感渲染方面，通过“愤怒”这个词传递出一种不安或者紧张的氛围。
读者能感受到风如同有生命一般，增强了对这种场景的画面感和情感共鸣。
3. 题干："I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."答案：修辞手法为夸张。
从语言表达效果来说，用“能吃下一匹马”来形容饥饿的程度，是一种极度的夸大。
在情感渲染上，生动地强调了饥饿感的强烈程度。
让读者能够很直观地体会到说话者非常饥饿的状态，增加了语言的趣味性。
4. 题干："My heart is like a singing bird. My heart is like an apple - tree. My heart is like a rainbow shell." (Christina Rossetti)答案：修辞手法为比喻。
这里连续使用三个比喻，将“心”分别比作“唱歌的鸟”“苹果树”“彩虹贝壳”。
大学高级英语(2)修辞格汇总期末参考
simile1.It is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky2.They are like the musketeers of Dumas…3.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth.metaphor1... and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bath2.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is just a “regular guy” that he realizes how crippling this habit has been3.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.4.The conversation was on wings.5.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.6.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries7.we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.8.We can batten down and ride it out9.Wind and rain now whipped the house.mixed metaphor1.and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.metonymy – change of name – the association of two unlike things[mi'tɔnimi] 转喻，借代He met his Waterloo. He likes to read Hemingway.1.In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describessynecdoche – whole for part or part for whole[si'nekdəki] 提喻He has many mouth to feed in his family. China beat South Korea 3 to 1. The vineyard are intersected by channels, red and yellow sails glide slowly through the vines. Nowadays more and more people have a liking for cotton.1.But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary' s2.yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.alliteration1.… a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life2.ask of us here th e same high standards of strength and sacrifice…3.One form of colonial control shall not have passed away.4.We shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom.5.We pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.6.We shall pay any price, bear any burden7.To assure the survival and the success of libertyassonance (元韵、母韵、半谐音) and antithesis… between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted Third International (1961)antithesis – contrary in meaning but similar in form 对比1.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich2.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.3.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.4.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.parallelism – ideas are paired and sequenced in the same grammatical form1.Both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom2.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.3.We renew our pledge of support to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.4.We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, and oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.5.A new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace.repetition –repetition of sounds, words, or sentences that can create good rhythm and parallelism to make the language musical, emphatic, and memorable. 反复1.We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.2.Bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.personification1.A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.2.… it seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it3.5 miles away.3.They flared their nostrils and pranced and boasted to one anothertransferred epithet 移就He had some cheerful wine at the party. He ate with a wolfish appetite. a helpless smile a protesting chair a blind haste1.Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.2.and his choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonder as to whether or not it will cost him all his friends.3.A bound-less and generous contentment, a magnanimous triumph felt not against some outer enemy but in communion with the finest and fairest in the souls of all men everywhere and the splendor of the world's summer4.The faces of small children are amiably sticky; in the benign grey beard of a man a couple of crumbs of rich pastry are entangled.5.The others never come close, but peer in at it with frightened, disgusted eyes.synesthesia [.sinəs'θi:ʒiə] 通感the music breathing from her face heavy perfume and noisy color 浓郁的香气和刺眼的色彩He gave me a sour look.1.Children dodged in and out, their high calls rising like the swallows’ crossing flights over the music and the singing.2.One could hear the music winding through the city streets, … bells.exaggeration/ hyperbole [hai'pə:bəli] 夸张1.Perhaps it is because of my up-bringing in English pubs2.In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.。
大学英语修辞复习
大学英语修辞复习Rhetorical DevicesPart One1. loose sentences（松散句）:a sentence in which the main idea comes early, the subordinate idea or modifiers following usually in a string, as ducklings tag after their mother2. periodic sentences（圆周句，掉尾句）:a sentence which has its main idea at the end. Supportive or qualifying statements are placed before the main clause or assertiona sentence that delays its main idea until the end, while presenting the subordinate ideas or modifiers first3. parallelism（平行结构）:exact repetition in equivalent positionsa construction in which it is necessary to balance word for word, phrase with phrase, clause with clause, sentence with sentence4. antithesis（对照）:the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve force and emphasisa figure of speech in which irreconcilable opposites or strongly contrasting ideas are placed in sharp juxtaposition and sustained tension5. inversion（倒装）:to reverse the normal order of words in a basic sentence patternreversal of the usual or natural order of words6. ellipsis（省略）:figure of speech in which one or more words necessary to the complete grammatical construction, but not to the sense, of a sentence are omitted; the omitted words are understood by implication7. repetition（重复）:in rhetoric, the iteration or repeating of the same words, or of the meaning in different words, for the purpose of making a deeper impression on the audience8. anaphora（首语重复）:repetition of a word or word-group to begin successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or lines of poetrya figure in which the same word or words are repeated at the beginning of succeeding verses or clauses9. epiphora（尾语重复）:in rhetoric, the repetition of a word or phrase at the end of several sentences or stanzas10. climax（渐进）:a figure in which a number of propositions or ideas are set forth so as to form a series in which each rises above the preceding in force or effectiveness of expressionthe progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity11. anti-climax or bathos（突降）:a stylistic device that may occur within as small a unit as the sentence: something trivial following something of importance the usually sudden transition in writing or speaking from an idea of significance or dignity to an idea trivial or ludicrous by comparison especially at the close of a series, sentence, or passagea device that involves stating one's thoughts in a descendingorder of significance or intensity12. rhetorical questions（修辞性疑问）:a question that is asked to imply a definite answera question asked, as in oratory or writing, only for rhetorical effect, to emphasize a point, introduce a topic, ect., no answer being expected.13. apostrophe（呼语）:a figure of speech, by which a speaker or writer suddenly stops in his discourse, and turns to address pointedly some person or thing, either present or absent; an exclamatory addressa device in which a person, a thing, a place, an idea, an abstract quality, etc., is addressed as if present, listening to and understanding what is being said14. alliteration（头韵）:the same consonant sound is repeated at intervals in the initial position of words15. assonance（准押韵，半谐音）:the "echoing" or "resemblance" of vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of a sequence ofwordsa similarity of sound between words or syllables16. onomatopoeia（拟声）:word formation based on the imitation of natural sounds17. simile（明喻）:a figure of speech involving a comparison between two unlike entities; the resemblance is explicitly indicated by the words "like" or "as".a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. Words like as, as … so, and like are used to transfer thequality we associate with one to the other.18. metaphor（暗喻）:a figure of speech that, presuppposing a similarity of two or more things, denotes one of them by terms properly or literally signifying the other, as if they were identicala figure of speech that makes comparison between two unlike elements; the comparison is implied rather than stated19. analogy（类比）:when used to describe or explain, it clarifies some new or abstract concept by comparing this concept to something more concrete and familiar.a figure of speech embodying an extended or elaborate comparison between two things or situations20. personification（拟人）:a figure that endows objects, animals, ideas, or abstractions with human form, character, or sensibilitya figure of speech that gives human form or feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions21. metonymy（借代，换喻）:a device of figurative language in which the name of an attribute or associated thing is substituted for the usual name of a thing.figure of speech in which the name of an object or concept is replaced with a word closely related to or suggested by the originala figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another; the substituted name may be an attribute of that other thing or be closely associated with it22. synedoche（提喻）:a figure of speech by which a part is put for the whole, the whole for the part, the species for the genus, the genus for the species, or the name of the material for the thing madea type of transference of meaning which involves the substitution of a part for the whole, or the whole for the part23. antonomasia（换称）:the substitution of another designation for a common obvious, or normal one, or the giving of a proper name that names or suggests a leading qualitya figure of speech in which an epithet, or the name of an office or designation is substituted for a proper name; also in this figure, a proper name is made to stand for an idea or characterisitc associated with the name24. syllepsis（一笔双叙）a figure in rhetoric by which a word does duty in a sentence in the same syntactical relation to two or more words but has a different sense in relation to eacha figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only one of them in grammar or syntax25. zeugma（轭式搭配，拈连）:a figure by which a single word is made to refer to two or more words in the sentence; especially when properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses26. paradox（似非而是的隽语）:apparently self-contradictory statement, the underlying meaning of which is revealed only by careful scrutiny27. oxymoron（矛盾修饰）:a rhetorical figure by which contradictory or incongruous terms are conjoined so as to give point to the statement or expression28. hyperbole（夸张）:a figure of speech consisting in exaggerated or extravagant statement, used to express strong feeling or produce a strong impression, and not intended to be understood literally the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis29. understatement（低调陈述）:a statement deliberately worded so as to be unemphatic or restrained in tone, often used as a contrast to point up the significance of its contents30. euphemism（委婉，委婉语）:the substitution of a mild or inoffensive expression for one that might shock or offendfigure of speech in which something of an unpleasant, distressing, or indelicate nature is described in less offensive termssubstitution of mild or vague or roundabout expression for harsh or direct onesubstitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant31. irony（反语）:a figure of speech in which the intended meaning is the opposite of that expressed by the words usea figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense32. innuendo（暗讽）:an indirect or subtle reference, especially one made maliciously or indicating criticism or disapprovala mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout way at something disparaging or uncomplimentary to the person or subject mentioned33. sarcasm（讽刺）:use of sharp, cutting remarks or language intended to mock, wound, or subject to contempt or ridicule34. transferred epithet（转移表述词语）:a figure of speech where an epithet is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really apply or belong35. epithet（别称）:a descriptive word or phrase added to or used in place of the usual name of a person or thingan adjunctive or descriptive phrase attached to a person's name with either complimentary or disparaging effect36. pun（双关）:the use of a word in such a way as to suggest two or more meanings or different associations, or the use of two or more meanings or different associations, or the use of two or more words of the same or nearly the same sound with different meanings, so as to produce a humorous effect 37. allusion（暗引）:an indirect reference to anything the writer feels should be well known in literature, history, and the artsa figure of speech consisting of a passing, but significant, reference to a well-known person, place, events, etc.38. skewed quotation:familiar sayings quoted with a twist in a new situation or context, in order to emphasize, to clarify, or to satirize a statement or a point39. asyndeton（连词省略）:the device of omitting conjunctions, articles, even pronouns for the sake of speed or economya rhtorical figure of sppech in which connectives are omitted for the sake of effect40. polysyndeton（连词叠用）:a stylistic device that uses many conjunctions to link up a series of things, ideas or eventsa figure consisting in the use of several conjunctions in close succession; usually, the repetition of the same conjunction to connect a number of con-ordinate words or clausesPart Two1. chiasmus（交错配列）:a device that consists of two balanced statements, the second of which reverses the order of the words in the first, with or without a repetition of wordsthe inversion of the order of syntactical elements in the second of two juxtaposed and syntactically parallel phrases or clauses2. antimetabole（颠倒重复）:a figure in which the same word or ideas are repeated in inverse order3. aposiopesis（顿绝）:sudden breaking off in speechthe sudden breaking off of a discourse before it is ended and passing over something as if unable or unwilling to tell it4. epanorthosis (restatement):to say something again without using the actual words spoken.5. exegesis (clarification)a clarification of thought or statement in the same sentence, making more explicit or concrete what is mentioned in the main proposition6. exergasia (amplification):to described the same thing in several ways in order to emphasize a point or quality, or a feature7. symploce（对称式反复）:the use of lexical anaphora and epistrophe in the same line or stanza, in the same clause or statementa figure consisting in the repetition of one word or phrase at the beginning, and of another at the end, of successive clauses or sentences; a combination anaphora and epistrophe8. anadiplosis（尾首重复）:a device in which a word in end position in a line or sentence is repeated in initial position in the line followingrepetition of a prominent word, usually the last in a phrase, clause, sentence, or verse, at the beginning of the next phrase, clause, sentence, or verse9. ploce（异义重复）:a device that repeats a word to bring out emphatically its literal meaninga figure of speech which embodies the repetition of a word, generally with a modification of meaning10. homeoteleuton（词尾重复）:a device in which words, phrases or clauses in close succession end with the same sounding suffix or syllable(s)a rhetorical figure requiring like-sounding words, syllables,or phrases at the close of a series of sentences or lines11. pathetic fallacy（感情的误置）:a device to endow natural phenomena, plants, and creatures other than man with human emotions and feelings12. litotes（反叙）:understatement by the use of negativesa figure of speech in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of the contrary13. meiosis（曲言）understatement without the use of negativesa figure of speech by which the impression is intentionally conveyed that a thing is less in size, importance, etc., than it really is14. antanaclasis（换义）:a device involves words or word phrases having the same sound and form, but with two or more distinct meaningsa figure of speech which consists in repeating the same word in a different sense15. paronomasia（谐音双关）:a device involves words having the same sound, or almost the same sound, but differing in form and meaning are useda play upon words in which the same word is used in different senses or words similar in sound are set in opposition so as to give antithetical force16. euphony（语音和谐）:the pleasing combination of the sounds of language。
有关修辞手法的期末考试例题
1.We can batten down and ride it out.(metaphor)2.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over roads.(simile)3.Read the following essay, which undertakes to demonstrate the logic, far from a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living thing, full of beauty, passion and trauma. (metaphor)4.Back and forth, his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning. (antithesis)5.Once I was able to accept my role-as distinguished, i must say, from my place-in the extraordinary drama which is America, i was release from the illusion that I hate America.(metaphor)6.It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. (simile)7.The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.(metaphor)8.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. (repetition)9.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do.(antithesis结构相同，意义相反)10.Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination----and here was human habitation so abominable that they disgraced a race of alley cats. (hyperbole) 11.Both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom. (alliteration)12....and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations. (repetition)13.Together let us explore the star, conquer the desert, eradicate diseases, tap the ocean depth and encourage the arts and commerce.(parallelism)14.How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey, is a story of struggle, success, and sadness. (alliteration押头韵)15.A word and a stone let go cannot be recalled. (simile)16.Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists, they have killed enough of them off by now to know that they are as real---and as persistent---as rain, snow, taxes or businessman. (simile)17.Maybe somewhere is the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still moldered. (metaphor)18.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (synecdoche部分带整体)19.You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of other space. (hyperbole夸张)20.It happened that I, as a law student, was taking a course in logic myself, so I had all the facts at my finger tips. (metonymy转喻)21.It is, after all, easy to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make a ugly smart girl beautiful. （antithesis）22.He is not a grave man until he is a grave man. (pun双关)23.I love those long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been. （transferred epithet 转移修饰）24.The young moon lies on her back tonight as her habits in the tropics. (personification)25.When he came back, we found him in an armchair, peacefully gone to sleep-but forever. (euphemism委婉语)26.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for good of his country. (pun)27.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and “Puritanical”gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center. (metaphor)28.But we shall not always expect...to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (metaphor)29.The hurricane tore three large cargo ships from their moorings and beached them. (personification)30.The glow of the conversation burst into flames. (metaphor)31.The slightest mention of the decades brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young. (transferred epithet)32.Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation. (alliteration)33.That the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace. (parallelism)34.Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion. (metaphor)35.Yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the band of mankind’s final war. (synecdoche)6/23/2014友情提示：部分文档来自网络整理，供您参考！文档可复制、编制，期待您的好评与关注！。
修辞 委婉语Euphemism
使用euphemism能鲜明地表明作者（或作品中的人物 ）的立场、感情和态度，并增强表达效果。例如： “… In private I should merely call him a liar. In the Press you should use the words: ‘Reckless disregard for truth’ and in Parliament —— that you regret he ‘should have been so misinformed.’…” (John Galsworthy: Silver Spoon) “……在私下我只称他是个撒谎的人。在报纸上你可以用 这几个字：‘不顾事实真相’。至于在国会里——可 以说他‘消息错误到令人深觉遗憾’。……”
重、典雅、得体，抒发了对失去战友的悲痛、哀悼之情。生动 ，鲜明地表明了恩格斯对马克思的无限敬意。
委婉语产生的社会基础
• 委婉语的使用是各民族语言中的共有现象。 有的语言学家认为委婉的表示早在文学出现 前就逐步形成，这可说明它是一种与人类社 会文明史不断同步发展的极其普遍的社会现 象。
• 1. 委婉语从来就是社会心理在语言中的反映，因此它的产生始 终与时代紧密相关。早在社会生产力低下的情况下，人类无法 抗拒天灾人祸、雷电风火、生老病死等自然现象，就用迷信或 宗教来解释这些现象，因此就产生了敬畏鬼怪神灵的语言，不 敢说不吉利的话，惟恐殃及自身。即所谓“To pronounce the word may bring the thing to pass”（Greenough & Kitterdge）（说 什么，什么事就会降临）。基于这种观念，人们就找一种迂回 曲折的委婉表达法，从而取代禁忌语，但并不改变意思。例如 ：令人最忌讳的“死”（death），讲英语的人常用pass, pass away, fall asleep, pass on, breathe one’s last, go west, gone before, go hence来表达；
大学高级英语(1)修辞格汇总
一、词语修辞格（1）simile 明喻①Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.②…, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads③Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.④...a memory that seemed phonographic⑤Most American remember Mark Twain as the father of...⑥one blinked before them as one blinks before a man with his face shot away.⑦ a crazy little church just west of Jeannette, set like a dormer-window on the side of a bare leprous hill; …⑧…a steel stadium like a huge rattrap somewhere further down the line.⑨You look like the young ram at the time of butting.⑩“Getting the construction going was like conducting an orchestra,” Mortenson says.⑪Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire. ⑫The oratorial storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States, ....（2）metaphor 暗喻①the last this intermezzo came to an end…②… on their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud.③Mark Twain --- Mirror of America④saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...⑤main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart⑥All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...⑦When railroads began drying up the demand...⑧...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...⑨Twain began digging his way to regional fame...⑩Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...⑪The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.⑫Her voice was a whiplash.⑬We can batten down and ride it out⑭Wind and rain now whipped the house.⑮It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.⑯The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breath of his oratory as he should have.⑰... accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion.⑱Then the court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan.⑲Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity,…⑳And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.21When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. 22... and a bubble of happiness rose up so forcefully that he couldn’t keep it to himself. 23 A grin smoldered, then ignited at the center of his thick beard.24The air had the fresh-scrubbed clarity that only comes with altitude.25Beyond Korphe K2, the ice peaks of the inner Karakoram knifed relentlessly into a defenseless blue sky.synecdoche 提喻The case had erupted round my head...（5）personification 拟人①The hurricane tore three large cargo ships from their moorings and beached them.② A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.③… it seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away.④America laughed with him.⑤...to literature's enduring gratitude...⑥The grave world smiles as usual...⑦Bitterness fed on the man...⑧America laughed with him.⑨Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.⑩Beyond Korphe K2, the ice peaks of the inner Karakoram knifed relentlessly into a defenseless blue sky.（6）transferred epithet 移就①Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.②Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder.③The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.④During his visits he had kept respectful distance from the mosque, and Korphe’s religious leader. （7）hyperbole 夸张①What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight.②Here was the very heart of industrial America, …, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth③Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination.④… so they hav e the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye.⑤...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...⑥The cast of characters... - a cosmos.⑦The trial that rocked the world⑧His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. "（9）euphemism 委婉语①… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.②...men's final release from earthly struggle（10）irony 反语①Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in Japan②I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.③When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.④It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. (hyperbole)⑤It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.⑥… until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century（11）sarcasm 讽刺，挖苦①Obviously, if they were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high-pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.②My friend the attorney-general says that John Scopes knows what he is here for," Darrow drawled. "I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotry(顽固) are, and it is a mighty strong combination.③There is some doubt about that.④They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.（12）ridicule嘲笑Words or actions intended to evoke contemptuous laughter at or feelings toward a person or thing 愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事①After painfully designing and erecting it, they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse painted a staring yellow, on top of it.②Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted ...③Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.④Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.（13）pun 双关①DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.（14）allusion典故I imagined the stories of ordinary black people merging with the stories of David and Goliath, Moses and Pharaoh, the Christians in the lion's den, Ezekiel's field of dry bones.（15）Litotes (语轻意重法,间接肯定法)The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.二、结构修辞格（16）parallelism 排比①I chose to run for the presidency at this moment in history because I believe deeply that we cannot solve the challenges of our time unless we solve them together - unless we perfect our union by understanding that we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; ...②Did I know him to be an occasionally fierce critic of American domestic and foreign policy? Of course. Did I ever hear him make remarks that could be considered controversial while I sat in church? Yes. Did I strongly disagree with many of his political views? Absolutely.③The man I met more than twenty years ago is a man who helped introduce me to my Christian faith, a man who spoke to me about our obligations to love one another; to care for the sick and lift up the poor. He is a man who served his country as a U.S. Marine; who has studied and lectured at some of the finest universities and seminaries in the country, and who for over thirty years led a church that serves the community by doing God's work here on Earth - by housing the homeless, ministering to the needy, providing day care services and scholarships and prison ministries, and reaching out to those suffering from HIV/AIDS.④Like other predominantly black churches across the country, Trinity embodies the black community in its entirety - the doctor and the welfare mom, the model student and the former gang-banger. Like other black churches, Trinity's services are full of raucous laughter and sometimes bawdy humor.（17）anticlimax 反高潮“Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you t o Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”.（18）antithesis 对比①On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly, as on other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful.②The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below③...between what people claim to be and what they really are.④...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever⑤The rocks looked more like an ancient ruin than the building blocks of a new school.⑥Long after all those rams are dead and eaten this school will still stand.⑦... that we may have different stories, but we hold common hopes; that we may not look the same and we may not have come from the same place, but we all want to move in the same direction ...⑧I've gone to some of the best schools in America and lived in one of the world's poorest nations.⑨The church contains in full the kindness and cruelty, the fierce intelligence and the shocking ignorance, the struggles and successes, the love and yes, the bitterness and bias that make up the black experience in America.（19）rhetorical question 修辞疑问句①Was I not at the scene of the crime?②In what conceivable way does our car concern you?三、音韵修辞格（20）头韵法（alliteration）①…as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop...②I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.③Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire.。
高级英语 修辞手法总汇 复习
一、词语修辞格（1）simile 明喻①...a memory that seemed phonographic②Most American remember M. T. as the father of...（2）metaphor 暗喻①the last this intermezzo came to an end…②Mark Twain --- Mirror of America③saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...④main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart⑤All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...⑥When railroads began drying up the demand...⑦...the epidemic of gold and silver fever...⑧Twain began digging his way to regional fame...⑨Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...⑩The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.⑪and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…⑫I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.⑬I see the Russian soldiers standing on the thresthold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial.⑭The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.⑮I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.⑯We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke.（3）metonymy 借代，转喻（4）synecdoche 提喻①The case had erupted round my head（5）personification 拟人①...to literature's enduring gratitude...②The grave world smiles as usual...③Bitterness fed on the man...④America laughed with him.⑤Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.（6）transferred epithet 移就①Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder②The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.③Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.（7）hyperbole 夸张①If Hitler invaded Hell and would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.②...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...③The cast of characters... - a cosmos.④America laughed with him.⑤The trial that rocked the world⑥His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."（8）oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. "（9）euphemism 委婉语①… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.②...men's final release from earthly struggle（10）irony -- the use of words to expresssomething different from and often opposite to theirliteral meaning. 反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法①Hiroshima—the ―liveliest‖ city in Japan②… until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century（11）sarcasm -- a cutting, often ironic remarkintended to wound. 讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语①There is some doubt about that.（12）pun 双关①DARWIN IS RIGHT – INSIDE.二、结构修辞格（13）antithesis 对比①Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe…②"The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below③...between what people claim to be and what they really are.④...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...⑤...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever（14）rhetorical question 修辞疑问句①Was I not at the scene of the crime?②Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye?③In what conceivable way does our car concern you?三、音韵修辞格（15）头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。
专四专八英语中19种修辞及例句
专四专八英语中19种修辞及例句专四专八英语中19种修辞及例句引导语：专四专八英语中的19中修辞及其例句，由应届毕业生培训网整理而成，希望能给大家带来帮助，谢谢您的阅读。
一、Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1.The kettle boils. 水开了.2.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.二、Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等.例如:1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.三、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.四、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.例如:1.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见2.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.五、Climax 渐进法,层进法这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象.例如:1.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.2.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.六、Anticlimax 渐降法与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.例如:1.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.2.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.七、Hyperbole 夸张夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..例如:1.I beg a thousand pardons.2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.3.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.八、Parallelism 排比, 平行这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.例如:1.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.2.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.九、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.例如:1.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.2.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.3.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)十、.Allegory 讽喻,比方(原意“寓言”)建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
高级英语1修辞练习
高级英语1修辞练习1．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4)2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7)3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: “Get us through this mess, will You”(Para.17)5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it miles away.6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.7. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. （Para. 20）8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. （Para. 20）9. and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.10. and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31)11. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2)12. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school. (para 3)13. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century. (para14)14. There is some doubt about that '' Darrow snorted. (para 19)15. The Christian believes that man marching came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (para 20)16. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie. (para 22)17. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with thehot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22)18. He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23)19. The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan.20. Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a '' A woman victorious defeat'' (para 45)21. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand.22. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huch Finn’s idyllic cruise through the eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.23. a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead of night.24. The geographic core, in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart.25. Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar, molasses, cotton, and whisky traveled north.26. the cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied—a cosmos27. Steamboats decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well.28. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and persistent,29. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada’s Washoe region.30. From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.31. The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.32. in the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers.33. Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles.34. It was a splendid population——for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stay at home. …35. “It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring.36. Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a distinctly American look at the old world.37. Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.38. America laughed with him.39. Tom Sawyer quickly became a classic tale of American boyhood. (Para. 13)40. Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and sweet innocence of his affection for…..41. where the have left no sign that they had existed— a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.42. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at the secondary school.。
大学英语四级修辞手法习题
大学英语四级修辞手法习题修辞练习Name the figures of speech used in each of the following sentences:1.Records fell like ripe apples on a windy day.2.My words swirled around his head like summer flies.3.He is a wolf in a sheep’s clothing.4.White Cloud Mountain is lungs of the City of Guangzhou.5.Hitler’s attack on Poland in 1939 was like lightning.6.The Wall Street definitely has more say in their policy making.7.An individual human existence should be like a river --- small at first, narrowlycontained within its banks, and rushing passionately over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.8.He has a heart of stone.9. Water is to fish what masses are to soldiers.10. The grey hair should be respected.11. The kettle is boiling.12. They that sow in tears shall reap in joy.13. More haste, less speed.14．The influence of the Crown has increased.15. The hand that rocked the cradle ruled the country.16. Nervous hours came.17. Better to rein in hell, than serve in heav’n.18. To live a life half dead, a living death.19. IBM has a handsome increase of productivity this year.20. The child is father of the man.21. but the plea fell on deaf ears.22. The willows waved violently in the wind.23. It was creative destruction. (9.11 attack)24.All day long the sea waves sobbed with sorrow.25. He liked the cup a bit too much.26. The child gazed in wide-eyed astonishment at me.27. He always speaks to us in a cold pleasant manner.28. People often compare life to a road through the mountain because both have theirups and downs.29. A man who is full of himself is empty.30. She wept floods of tears.Keys:1. simile2.simile3. zoosemy (metaphor)4. metaphor5. simile6. metonymy7. analogy8. metaphor9. analogy 10. synecdoche (metonymy) 11. metonymy 12. antithesis 13. antithesis 14. metonymy 15. synecdoche 16. transferred epithet 17. antithesis 18. oxymoron 19. transferred epithet 20. paradox 21. synecdoche 22. alliteration 23. oxymoron 24. alliteration (personification) 25. metonymy 26. transferred epithet 27. oxymoron 28. analogy 29. paradox 30. hyperbole.。