初中阅读理解之词义猜测题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was very happy and ran around like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.calmB.angryC.fierce and not controlledD.sad答案:C。
“wild”表示“野蛮的、未被驯服的、不受控制的”。
A 选项“calm”是“平静的”;B 选项“angry”是“生气的”;D 选项“sad”是“悲伤的”。
根据上下文,男孩高兴得像个野生动物一样跑来跑去,可推测“wild”在这里是“fierce and not controlled”(凶猛且不受控制的)的意思。
2.The girl had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. What does “lit up” mean?A.cleanedB.brightenedC.decoratedD.warmed答案:B。
“lit up”表示“照亮、使明亮”。
A 选项“cleaned”是“打扫”;C 选项“decorated”是“装饰”;D 选项“warmed”是“使温暖”。
根据上下文,女孩的微笑照亮了房间,可推测“lit up”在这里是“brightened”((使明亮)的意思。
3.The old man walked slowly with a cane. What does “cane” mean?A.stickB.hatC.shoeD.coat答案:A。
“cane”表示“手杖”。
B 选项“hat”是“帽子”;C 选项“shoe”是“鞋子”;D 选项“coat”是“外套”。
根据上下文,老人拿着一根手杖慢慢地走,可推测“cane”在这里是“stick”(棍子、手杖)的意思。
4.The dog barked loudly at the stranger. What does “barked” mean?A.jumpedB.ranC.shoutedD.whispered答案:C。
新初二英语阅读理解猜测词义题[1]
如何猜测阅读理解题中的生词词义词汇是阅读理解的基础的基础。
我们必须掌握教材中所学所有的单词和词组;了解构词法知识,如熟记一些常见的前缀、后缀,以与词语的合成和转化等;并且要进行大量的课外阅读扩大自己的词汇量。
尽管如此,在阅读中还是不可避免会遇到生词或者熟词生义,因此,我们必须学会如何猜测词义。
任何一个词语,在一定的上下文中只能表示一个确定的词义。
据此,我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义,即从已知推求未知,也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。
猜测词义时,我们可以从以下几个方面来考虑:一、根据定义或解释猜测词义A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.What does the word “carpenter” mean in Chinese?A.诗人B.木匠C.厨师D.伐木工人通过理解定语从句的意思,能猜出carpenter是B“木匠”A bag is useful and the word “bag” is usef ul. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语). One is “ to let the cat out of the bag”. It is the same as “to tell a secret”….Now when someone lets out (泄漏) a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he ______.A. makes everyone know a secretB. the woman bout a catC. buys a cat in the bagD. sells the cat in the bag在这篇文章里,“let the cat out of the bag”虽然是一个新出现的短语,但紧接着后面就给出解释It is the same as “to tell a secret”根据这一解释,我们就可判断出正确答案应为A。
初中英语备考宝典_“词义猜测法”解答阅读理解题(有答案)
初中英语备考宝典:“词义猜测法”解阅读理解题
阅读中遇到生词是难免的,所猜词汇可以是生词,也可以是熟词新义,还可以
是人称代词的指代内容。
借助所学猜测词语的基本方法来猜测、推断、理解陌生词
语的词义。
这类题一般要求我们理解阅读理解材料中的某个生词的含义,有时是短
语或句子的确切含义。
要注意三种情况:有的词汇具有一词多义,多义词在不同的
语境中意义是不相同的;有的词虽未学过,但在上下文中能够反映出此词的含义。
不管属于哪种情况,都可通过多种方法猜测其正确含义。
例:
…On that day, students from different clubs show their talents in different ways(用不同的方式). They can sing English songs and draw. They can play the guitar, the violin, the piano and the drums. They can also play chess and show us their swimming
skills(技巧)…
What’s the meaning of the underlined word “talents”?
A. 才艺
B. 节目
C. 活动
D. 歌声
答案:A
解析:这一段短文介绍了来自不同俱乐部学生进行才艺表演的事情。
根据后文中学
生的一系列活动“唱英语歌、绘画、弹各种乐器、下棋及游泳等”可知前文表示来自
不同俱乐部的学生用不同的方式展示他们的才艺。
故选A。
初中英语阅读理解词义猜测专题
初中英语阅读理解词义猜测专题☆词义猜测题要根据上下文的语境进行合理判断,切忌盲目选择自己认识或熟悉的意思。
也就是要正确理解短文中个别关键词,可利用同义词、近义词及给定义等方法推测词义,甚至在通篇理解的基础上推测并发现所给生词的词义。
这需要有意识地训练并最终具备这种不用字典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力。
技巧:通常,猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法:方法一:构词法根据一部分英语单词的词根,观察词头(前缀)或词尾(后缀)来猜词义。
方法二:根据上下文的意思来猜测As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. In the text, “put an end to” means “______”.A. stopB. cutC. killD. fly方法三:通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词看到“be considered as, refer to, and, or, also”等常连接同义词组的标志词时,可以根据这些标志词前后句的同义词关系猜测出词义。
例题:He is so homely, not as handsome as his brother.根据not...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即“不好看的、不漂亮的”意思。
方法四:因果关系法看到“ because,as,since,for,so,as a result, so, so … that, such … that 等表示前因后果关系的关联词时,根据因果关系判断出词义。
方法五:对比转折关系法看到“but, however, instead of , unlike, yet, although …”表示转折关系的关联词时,根据转折关系猜出词义。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题1. I saw a “sale” sign in the shop window. What does “sale” mean?A. 购买B. 出售C. 打折D. 交换答案:C。
“sale”常见的意思是“打折”“促销”,在商店橱窗看到的“sale” sign 通常表示商品在打折出售。
A 选项“购买”是“buy”;B 选项“出售”可以用“sell”;D 选项“交换”是“exchange”。
2. The teacher said, “Class, please be quiet.” What does “quiet” mean?A. 大声的B. 安静的C. 活跃的D. 忙碌的答案:B。
“quiet”意为“安静的”,老师说让班级安静下来,就是让大家不要吵闹。
A 选项“大声的”是“loud”;C 选项“活跃的”是“active”;D 选项“忙碌的”是“busy”。
3. We had a picnic in the park yesterday. What does “picnic” mean?A. 会议B. 旅行C. 野餐D. 聚会答案:C。
“picnic”就是“野餐”的意思,在公园里进行的通常是野餐活动。
A 选项“会议”是“meeting”或“conference”;B 选项“旅行”是“trip”或“journey”;D 选项“聚会”是“party”。
4. The students are playing football on the playground. What does “playground” mean?A. 教室B. 操场C. 图书馆D. 实验室答案:B。
“playground”指的是“操场”,学生们踢足球通常在操场上进行。
A 选项“教室”是“classroom”;C 选项“图书馆”是“library”;D 选项“实验室”是“laboratory”。
初三英语阅读理解词义猜测技巧单选题 30 题
初三英语阅读理解词义猜测技巧单选题30 题1. In the story, the old man was so frail that he could hardly walk. What does the word "frail" mean?A. strongB. healthyC. weakD. young答案解析:C。
根据句子“he could hardly walk( 他几乎不能走路)”可知,老人的身体状况不好,所以“frail”的意思应该是“虚弱的”。
A选项“strong 强壮的)”、B选项“healthy 健康的)”和D选项“young 年轻的)”都与句子描述的老人身体状况不符。
2. The little girl was so elated when she got a new doll. Which word can replace "elated"?A. sadB. happyC. angryD. calm答案解析:B。
“when she got a new doll 当她得到一个新玩偶的时候)”,这种情况下小女孩应该是高兴的,“elated”意思是兴高采烈的,和“happy”同义。
A选项“sad 悲伤的)”、C选项“angry 生气的)”、D选项“calm 平静的)”都不符合语境。
3. The boy was in a quandary. He didn't know whether to choose thered ball or the blue ball. Here "quandary" means?A. a good situationB. a difficult situationC. a boring situationD. an easy situation答案解析:B。
从“He didn't know whether to choose the red ball or the blue ball 他不知道是选择红球还是蓝球)”可以看出,男孩处于一种两难的境地,也就是困难的情况。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测单选题 40 题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测单选题40 题1. In the passage, the word "gloomy" most probably means _.A. happyB. sadC. excitedD. surprised答案:B。
解析:根据上下文,如果描述的氛围或者人物情绪是负面的,那么“gloomy”不太可能是积极的“happy”“excited”或者表示惊讶的“surprised”。
通常“gloomy”用来形容一种阴暗、忧郁的感觉,和“sad”的意思相近,所以这里选B。
2. The word "abandon" in the text can be replaced by _.A. keepB. leaveC. loveD. accept答案:B。
解析:从文章语境来看,如果说某人对某物或者某个地方“abandon”,那就是不再继续与之有关系,不是保持“keep”,也不是喜爱“love”或者接受“accept”,而是离开、抛弃的意思,所以和“leave”意思接近,答案为B。
3. "Furious" in this article is closest in meaning to _.A. calmB. angryC. coolD. gentle答案:B。
解析:在描述人物情绪的语境中,如果是“furious”,那肯定是一种比较强烈的情绪,而“calm”“cool”“gentle”都是比较平和、温柔的意思,与“furious”相反,“furious”表示愤怒的,和“angry”意思一致,所以选B。
4. The word "magnificent" here probably means _.A. smallB. uglyC. wonderfulD. ordinary答案:C。
解析:如果用来形容某个事物是“magnificent”,从上下文可以判断是在说这个事物有比较好的特征,“small”是小的,“ugly”是丑陋的,“ordinary”是普通的,都不符合这个词的积极意义,“magnificent”表示宏伟的、壮丽的,和“wonderful”意思相近,所以选C。
初二英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题30题
初二英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题30题1.The boy is very naughty. What's the meaning of "naughty"?A.cleverB.kindC.badly behavedD.hard-working答案:C。
“naughty”的意思是“顽皮的、淘气的、不听话的”,也就是“badly behaved”。
选项A“clever”是聪明的;选项B“kind”是善良的;选项D“hard-working”是勤奋的。
通过上下文可以推断出这个男孩很调皮,所以答案是C。
词义猜测可以根据上下文的描述来判断。
2.She has a sweet smile. What's the meaning of "sweet"?A.bitterB.sourC.deliciousD.pleasant答案:D。
“sweet”在这里表示“甜美的、令人愉快的”,也就是“pleasant”。
选项A“bitter”是苦的;选项B“sour”是酸的;选项C“delicious”是美味的。
根据常识,微笑通常是令人愉快的,所以答案是D。
可以通过常识和对词语的理解来猜测词义。
3.The old man is very weak. What's the meaning of "weak"?A.strongB.tallC.thinD.not strong答案:D。
“weak”的意思是“虚弱的、无力的”,也就是“not strong”。
选项A“strong”是强壮的;选项B“tall”是高的;选项C“thin”是瘦的。
根据描述老人很虚弱,所以答案是D。
可以根据词语的反义来猜测词义。
4.The book is very interesting. What's the meaning of "interesting"?A.boringB.difficultC.funD.easy答案:C。
九年级英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题
九年级英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1. In the story, the word "mysterious" probably means _____.A. strangeB. beautifulC. commonD. friendly答案:A。
解析:在这个故事中,“mysterious”常用来形容某种令人感到奇怪、难以理解的情况或事物。
A 选项“strange”有“奇怪的”意思,与“mysterious”意思相近;B 选项“beautiful”意为“美丽的”,与“mysterious”含义不同;C 选项“common”表示“常见的”,与“mysterious”相反;D 选项“friendly”是“友好的”,不符合“mysterious”的含义。
2. The word "adventure" in the text might refer to _____.A. a dangerous tripB. a happy partyC. a quiet restD. a boring day答案:A。
解析:在这篇文章中,“adventure”通常指充满刺激和不确定性的经历,A 选项“a dangerous trip”即“危险的旅行”,符合“adventure”的含义;B 选项“a happy party”是“快乐的聚会”,与冒险无关;C 选项“a quiet rest”是“安静的休息”,不是冒险;D 选项“a boring day”是“无聊的一天”,也不是冒险。
3. In the passage, the word "courage" could mean _____.A. fearB. braveryC. sadnessD. anger答案:B。
解析:在这段文字中,“courage”通常表示勇敢面对困难或危险的精神,B 选项“bravery”就是“勇敢”的意思,与“courage”意思相符;A 选项“fear”是“害怕”,与“courage”相反;C 选项“sadness”是“悲伤”,与“courage”无关;D 选项“anger”是“愤怒”,与“courage”不同。
中考阅读理解猜测词义技巧练习 (5)
中考阅读理解猜测词义技巧练习猜测词义技巧练习姓名:日期:重难点讲解猜测词义的能力不光在考试时很重要,就连我们平时阅读英语文章时也很用得着哦。
就象我们在看中文的文章时,并不是一碰到生词就去查字典,而是根据语境去猜测生词的。
我们读英语文章时,也应养成这样的习惯和能力。
技巧训练:要想提高猜测词义的能力,我们可从以下七个方法下意识地进行阅读。
1. 根据定义或解释说明猜测生词的词义在be,be called,call等判断词出现的判断句中,可根据已知部分,猜测生词的含义。
例如:(1)A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.(2)A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.你能猜出斜体部分单词的意思吗?mosquito是“蚊子”,carpenter是“木匠”。
怎么样?不难吧?有时,我们还可根据定语从句或同位语对其修饰的先行词的词义做出推测。
例如:His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 不难猜出,zoologist就是“动物学家”的意思。
当看到文中的破折号“—”时,我们也应该留点神,因为它也可引出起解释说明作用的同位语或具有同义的短语或从句。
如:Some organizations of United Nations prefer to take on Polyglots as their workers—those who can understand as well as speak many languages.这里,Polyglot指的是“懂而且会说多种语言的人”。
你猜出来了吗?2. 根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在but,however,yet,otherwise,though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中,其前后的词有明显的对比关系。
中考阅读猜测词义题
中考英语阅读常见题型典型例题分析:猜测词义题这类问题主要考察学生两方面能力。
根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中的含义,即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理,有时还需依靠常识和经验。
猜词的活动是阅读中经常遇到的,阅读理解题目中的作为干扰项出现的错误选项,一般多是学生比较熟悉、想当然的词典意义,或者适应学生习惯的汉语思维方式;而正确的含义往往不只是词典上的,而是要通过上下文内容的提示才能确定的,解这类题时应注意以下特点:1、注意一些过渡词语,如that is, this is, in other words等,它们直接引出了同义解释;2、注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果,让步,递进,转折,列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。
3、注意同义词、近义词、反义词、同位语、定语从句,相似或相反的结构等。
4、对于句中首字母或全部是大写的单词,应该猜出可能是专有名词(人名、地名、组织等),因此拼读有时是最合适的方法。
典型例题:如:2005年北京市海淀区中考试题阅读理解C篇第一题:The underlined word enhance can be replaced by _______.A. impressB. improveC. provideD. produce由上句improve一词可猜出enhance也是“提高”之意.又如:2003北京市西城区中考试卷阅读理解D篇第二题:“Flattened wheat” means ___________ .A. broken wheatB. lying wheatC. harvested wheatD. growing wheat此题是依据该短语前面的句子:Some of his wheat was lying on the ground .此外,还有明确的信息:The wheat in the circles lies on the ground but is never broken ;由此我们推测出“Flattened wheat”是lying wheat而不是broken wheat。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测上下文线索单选题40题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测上下文线索单选题40题1.In the story, the word "gloomy" most probably means _.A.happyB.sadC.angryD.excited答案:B。
解析:在故事中,如果看到描述的场景比较沉闷、氛围不好等,通常可以推断“gloomy”是悲伤、沉闷的意思。
选项A“happy”是开心,与“gloomy”意思完全相反;选项C“angry”是生气,与“gloomy”的意思不同;选项D“excited”是兴奋,也不符合“gloomy”的含义。
2.The word "furious" in the passage could be replaced by _.A.calmB.angryC.happyD.surprised答案:B。
解析:从文章中可以看出有一些让人生气的事情发生,所以“furious”最可能是生气的意思。
选项A“calm”是平静,与“furious”完全相反;选项C“happy”是开心,与“furious”意思不同;选项D“surprised”是惊讶,不符合“furious”的含义。
3.The word "cheerful" in the text is closest in meaning to _.A.sadB.angryC.happyD.tired答案:C。
解析:“cheerful”通常表示愉快、高兴的状态。
选项A“sad”是悲伤,与“cheerful”相反;选项B“angry”是生气,与“cheerful”不同;选项D“tired”是疲惫,与“cheerful”意思不相关。
4.The word "miserable" in the story means _.A.happyB.sadC.angryD.excited答案:B。
解析:从故事的描述中可以感受到不好的氛围,“miserable”通常表示痛苦、悲惨、难过,所以是悲伤的意思。
中考英语 阅读理解 猜测词义题解题指导
阅读理解之猜测词义题解题指导一、考查内容英语阅读理解中,经常出现一定数量的生词,并且每年中考总会有猜测词义的题目,其特点是对生词、短语、指示代词和句子的意思进行猜测,其目的在于考查学生根据上下文推测生词、短语含义的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。
猜测词义题常见的设问方式有:1. The underlined word “…” refers to/means _____.2. The expression “…” is closest to _____.二、解题技巧猜测词义题主要运用阅读技巧中根据上下文所给的语境猜测生词的技巧。
在寻找相关信息时,考生可从如下几方面入手:句子结构、逻辑关系、构词法和常识。
其中把握信息之间的逻辑关系是最重要的。
这就需要考生在平时的学习过程中,掌握基本语法知识,特别是从句的作用和意义、连词表达的逻辑关系,还要多读书学习常识、了解外国文化、开阔视野。
下面具体谈谈做好这类题的方法和技巧:1. 根据上下文语境猜测词义一个单词或词组的确切含义与其所处的上下文及语境联系密切,所以我们可以借助上下文语境进行合乎逻辑的推测。
例:2013年浙江湖州卷What is the first thing you want to do when you see someone yawn (打哈欠)? You want to yawn, too! Yawning is contagious.The underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 1 means ________.A. helpful to our healthB. passing from one person to anotherC. hard to understandD. getting in one trouble after another【解析】 B。
contagious乍看起来像是一个完完全全的生词,但通过上文我们得知“别人打哈欠的时候,你的第一反应也是想打哈欠”。
初中英语阅读理解词义猜测题
初中英语阅读理解词义猜测题阅读技巧--词义猜测题1.题型特点这类题型旨在考查学生利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的辨别能力。
利用上下文猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一,也是我们学习词汇的主要方法。
在阅读过程中,有些同学一遇到生僻词语就查词典,这是不可取的。
一遇到生僻词语就查阅词典不但会使我们养成依赖词典的习惯,而且还会影响阅读速度。
我们阅读汉语文章时遇到不认识的词语是否都查词典呢答案是否定的。
可是我们是如何理解它们的呢利用上下文提示猜测词义就是诀窍。
词义猜测题的类型主要有三种:熟词新义要求学生在某一特定的语言环境中推断某一多义词的正确意思;生词释义要求学生根据范围较小的上下文推断出词义;难句释义要求学生根据范围稍大的上下文推断句意。
2.词义猜测题主要的设问方式①What’s the meaning of the underlined word/phrase...in Chinese②The underlined word...refers to/probably means...③The underlined word...could be replaced by...④What is the meaning of...⑤Which of the following words can take the place of the word...3.词义猜测题的解题技巧(1)通过因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词所在部分与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词义。
有时文章借助关联词(如because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result, of course, therefore等)表示因果关系。
例You shouldn’t have blamed him for that, for it wasn’t his fault.解析通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。
初三英语阅读理解技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧
初三英语阅读理解技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧初三英语阅读理解技巧:词义猜测题的解题技巧在初三英语的学习中,阅读理解是一个重要的部分,而词义猜测题则是阅读理解中的常见题型。
对于很多同学来说,这类题目可能具有一定的挑战性,但只要掌握了正确的解题技巧,就能轻松应对。
接下来,我将为大家详细介绍初三英语阅读理解中词义猜测题的解题技巧。
一、通过上下文语境猜测词义上下文语境是猜测词义最常用也是最有效的方法之一。
在阅读过程中,我们可以通过前后的句子、段落来推断生词的含义。
例如,如果生词前后出现了解释说明的语句,那么这些语句往往能帮助我们理解词义。
比如:“The term ‘ecosystem’ refers to a communityof living organisms and their environment ”在这个句子中,“refers to”后面的内容就是对“ecosystem”这个词的解释,即“生态系统是指生物群落及其环境”,从而我们可以理解“ecosystem”的意思。
再比如,有时候上下文会通过对比、类比的方式来暗示生词的词义。
如果文中提到“A is different from B B is known as a kind of vehicle, whileA is a tool used for writing ”那么我们就可以推测出 A 可能是某种书写工具。
此外,上下文的逻辑关系也能为词义猜测提供线索。
比如因果关系、转折关系等。
如果文中说“Although he was very tired, he still insisted on working ”通过“although”所表示的转折关系,我们可以猜测“insisted on”可能有“坚持”的意思。
二、利用构词法猜测词义英语中有很多单词是通过构词法构成的,了解常见的构词法可以帮助我们猜测词义。
前缀和后缀是常见的构词元素。
比如“un”“dis”“in”等前缀通常表示否定;“ful”“less”“able”“ous”等后缀可以改变单词的词性和意思。
中考词义猜测题
中考词义猜测题
中考词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解中的一种题型,主要考察学生对于生词词义的猜测能力。
这种题型通常会给出一段含有生词的英文材料,然后要求学生根据上下文语境和构词法等技巧猜测生词的词义。
要解答这类题目,学生需要掌握一定的词汇量和阅读技巧。
以下是一些常见的技巧:
1.利用上下文语境:上下文语境是猜测生词词义的重要依据。
学生可以通过分
析上下文中的句子和段落,找出与生词相关的信息,从而猜测出生词的词义。
2.利用构词法:构词法是指通过分析单词的构成部分来猜测生词的词义。
例如,
前缀、后缀、词根等。
学生可以通过分析生词的构成部分,猜测出生词的词义。
3.利用同义词和反义词:同义词和反义词也是猜测生词词义的一种方法。
学生
可以通过分析上下文中的同义词或反义词,猜测出生词的词义。
4.利用生活经验和常识:有时候,学生可以通过自己的生活经验和常识来猜测
生词的词义。
例如,对于一些常见的物品或概念,学生可能已经有了大致的了解,可以通过自己的经验和常识来猜测其英文表达方式。
解答中考词义猜测题需要学生具备一定的英语阅读能力和词汇量,还需要掌握一些猜测生词词义的技巧。
通过多做练习和积累经验,学生可以逐渐提高自己的猜测能力,从而更好地应对这类题型。
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2022年英语中考阅读理解-命题点3 词义猜测(高频)
中考阅读理解命题点分类集训命题点3词义猜测(高频)方法1根据上下文语境猜测词义Paragraph 1(2019陕西阅读D节选)Selfhelp books used to be something people laughed at. Many people didn't take chicken soup stories and “successtheory(成功学)” books seriously. But now they are recognized by young people.No matter why there is growing interest in selfhelp books, it's good to know that help is at hand if we need it. But are these books truly helpful? Read one and find out.1. The underlined word “recognized” means ________ in the passage.A. doubtedB. refusedC. acceptedD. avoidedParagraph 2(2019安徽阅读D节选)While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process(加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.2. What does the underlined word “desalination” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. 远洋运输B. 潮汐发电C. 食盐销售D. 海水淡化Paragraph 3(2019河北阅读D节选)The pen is very utilitarian. We cannot sign a bill or write a letter or buy a house without our pen. An agreement is worthless till our name is written with a pen. The writers encourage the world with it. The students take their examinations with it as well.3. The underlined word “utilitarian” in the passage means “________”.A. cheapB. boringC. specialD. usefulParagraph 4(2019重庆A卷阅读D节选)Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack,_turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say “stop” before walking away. Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.4. The underlined word “attack” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.A. 拥抱B. 攻击C. 阻止D. 吸引Paragraph 5(2019天津阅读C节选)...over half the people in the world may be sleepdeprived. Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents.5.What does “sleepdeprived” mean in Paragraph 2?A. Having a good sleep.B. Excited about sleep.C. Having less sleep.D. Interested in sleep.方法2通过定义或释义关系猜测词义Paragraph 6(2019德州阅读A节选)Winter begins on the shortest day of the year. In the north this is on December 21 or 22. The weather is colder and in some places there is lots of snow. Plants and trees stop growing. Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep. This is called hibernation.6. The meaning of the underlined word “hibernation” is ________ in Chinese.A. 迁徙B. 寒冷C. 储藏D. 冬眠Paragraph 7(2019贵阳阅读A节选)In most countries in Europe people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them, but in many Asian countries a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in South America people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space. Also, it's rude to interrupt Japanese people while they are talking to you. In other words, you must wait until they finish before you start speaking.7. What does the underlined word “interrupt” mean in Chinese?A. 跟随B. 打断C. 附和D. 嘲笑Paragraph 8(2019贺州阅读C节选)Do not meet a person you have just met on the Internet. Consult elder people or someone who is experienced and if you have to go, take some reliable with you. That is to say, you can go with a personwho you really believe in.8. The underlined word “reliable” is closest in meaning to ________.A. believableB. importantC. honestD. successful方法3通过同义词或近义词猜测词义Paragraph 9(2019广东省卷阅读B节选)Intelligence A robot needs some kind of “smarts”. A programmer is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”. The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.9. The Chinese meaning of “Intelligence” in the last para graph is ________.A. 能源B. 勤奋C. 智能D. 外观Paragraph 10(2019兰州阅读C节选)Local people cleaned the mountain last year, removing rubbish at a height of 5,200 meters. They collected about 8.4 metric tons(公吨) of rubbish.10. The underlined word “removing” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.A. using upB. making betterC. putting onD. taking away方法4通过反义词或反义关系猜测词义Paragraph 11(2019连云港阅读D节选)Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other superco ld foods too quickly, though some believe it's the result of changed blood flow in the nervoussystem. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the heada che. You can improve an icecream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.11. What is the meaning of the underlined word tighten?A. 变松B. 变紧C. 变短D. 变长Paragraph 12(2019台州阅读C节选)Alexa isn't the only AI willing to serve you. Apple HomePod has Siri and the upcoming Galaxy Home device will have Bixby. People who have these devices use them mainly for listening to music, checking the weather, and setting timers. According to a report from TheInformation, nowadays voice shopping is rare. But many scientists predict a boom(增长) in voice shopping in the near future. Is that a good thing?12. The underlined word “rare” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.A. unusualB. expensiveC. harmfulD. impossible方法5通过举例猜测词义Paragraph 13(2019怀化阅读C节选)Stay away from people with fluIf a member of the family or a friend has flu, stay away from him/her until he/she is well. Flu is very communicable. If you stay with the person with flu, you can catch flu easily. Wear a mask(口罩)and avoid using things that the person with flu is using.13. The underlined word “communicable”means“________”.A. 无效的B. 致命的C. 传染的Paragraph 14(2019宁夏阅读B节选)The date of the festival is said to be the date when Qu Yuan died—the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, so the date varies from year to year, such as it is June 20 in 2015, June 9 in 2016, May 30 in 2017, June 18 in 2018, June 7 in 2019, June 25 in 2020 and June 14 in 2021.14. The underlined word “varies” in the passage means “________” in Chinese.A. 推迟B. 变化C. 提前D. 递进方法6通过构词法猜测词义Paragraph 15(2019福建阅读D节选)Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression(印象)”?It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true—the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.15. What does the underlined word “reacts” in Paragraph 1 p robably mean in Chinese?A. 回应B. 道歉C. 报告D. 建议Paragraph 16(2019梧州阅读D节选)Stress is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body's protection so that you are more likely (可能的) to catch diseases. It can even makeyou more likely to have an accident.16. What does the underlined word “weaken” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?A. 增强B. 保护C. 减弱D. 预防方法7通过生活常识猜测词义Paragraph 17(2019潍坊阅读B节选)But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people, too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.17. What does the underlined word “clown” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. 木偶B. 小丑C. 外星人D. 蜘蛛侠Paragraph 18(2019邵阳阅读B节选)A woman bought a parrot from a pet store. However, the woman decided to return the parrot to the shop the next day.“This bird doesn't talk,” she told the pet shop owner.18. The underlined word “parrot” in paragraph 1 means “________” in Chinese.A. 孔雀B. 鹦鹉C. 鸽子。
中考阅读理解阅读理解猜测词义题
阅读理解猜测词义题答题策略所谓猜测词义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。
它是一种非常有用的阅读技巧,通过上下文提供的线索或生词本身的结构特点对词义作出正确判断,能提高阅读速度和阅读能力。
那么,怎样猜测何推断生词的意义?这种技巧答题可分两大类:一类是通过上下文推测词义;另一类是根据生词本身的特点推测词义。
通过上下文就是根据词所处的具体的语言环境,运用有关线索,如同义词、反义词、举例、重述、或定义等推测词义,也可运用逻辑推理何其他的知识,如生活经验、普通常识等推测词义。
(1)以定义为线索猜测词义根据上下文以生词为线索猜测词义是进行快速阅读时最常见、最直接的一种猜词方法。
a. 以to be(是)mean(意指) refer to(指的是)be defined as(被定义为)be known as(被称为)为线索猜测词义。
b. 以标点符号为线索猜测词义。
c. 以定语从句为线索猜测词义(2)以同义词、近义词为线索猜测词义有时作者为了使他的意思表达得更清楚明白,通常用一个同义词或近义词来解释另一个比较难的词或关键词,这些同义词或近义词为读者推断生词词义提供了线索。
另外,有时作者在表达同一概念时喜欢用两个或更多的同义词或近义词,其中必定有读者所熟悉的词,根据已知的词语,就不难推断出生词的词义。
a.or 有时课作为识别同义词或近义词的信号词。
b. like (像....一样),as....as(如同....一样),the same as (与...相同)等也可以作为识别生词的同义词或近义词的信号词,以这些词为线索,有时也可以推断出生词的词义。
(3)以反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义。
有时作者运用对比的手法来表现事物之间的差异。
在进行对比的过程中,作者必然会用一些互为反义的词语使不同事物的特点更为突出。
通过上下文的逻辑关系,从对两种事物或现象进行对比的描述中,读者可以根据其中一个熟悉的词推断出另一个生词的词义。
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“双引号”
Tom calls Zip "the keep dog" because ______.
猜测词义题分类?
非指代型:根据语境推断某个词的意思 指代型: it, they, them, this, that等指代 的对象进行判断
1. The underlined expression "giving a hand to" (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to "____". 2. The underlined expression "go him one better" in paragraph 4 means ____. 3. The underlined word "them" in paragraph 1 refers to ____. 4. The underlined word "This" (Paragraph 4) refers to ____. 5. "Dolphin Intellegence" is probably a story about dolphins' ____. ......
Idol refers to a person that is loved and admired (赞赏) very much.
b. 以be called as(被称作), be considered as(被认为), be defined as(被定义为)为线索猜测词义
Motion may be defined as a continuous (连续不断的) change of position.
语境法——定义解释
c. 定语从句为线索来推测词义
He was a prestidigitator who entertained (使有兴趣) the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing(吞) fire, and other similar tricks(把戏). d. 以标点符号(括号, 破折号) Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind) normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet) day, but not necessarily in the summer.
go die 去死
初中阅读理解 猜测词义题解题技巧
授课老师:黄文婷
猜 测 词 义 题
什么是猜测词义题?
考查指定的词、短语或句子在特定语境中 表达的具体含义
设问方式:
1. The word “…” means ___ in Chinese. 2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to "..."? 3. The word “…” could best be replaced (替换) by ______. 4. In Paragraph 2, the underlined (划线的) word/ sentence “…” means/refers to _____.
What does the word “shoplifter” mean? A thief B. A guide in a shop C. the owner of a shop D. A porter
语境法——举例子
以列举的句子为线索猜测词义。
特征词:such as, like, for example, for instance, include, consist of, ... Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation.
2011-2015年广州中考卷
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
推测词 义题
1
1
3
2
解题技巧
一、语境法
瞻前顾后,联系上下文
二、构词法
词形变化现象和规则
解题技巧一——语境法
定义解释
举例子
对比转折 因果关系
同义关系
指示关系
语境法——定义解释
a. 以be(是), mean(意指), refer to(指的是) 为线索猜测词义
Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …
My name is Tom.I want to join a club in my school.I'm not famous(著名的)now,but maybe I can be famous someday.I can't sing or dance or act, but I can do many other things.I can play three kinds of instruments:the guitar,the violin and the drums.I think I can be in the music club.Maybe I can be a famous musician.I like to read storybooks and I can write stories.Maybe I can be a famous writer.I like sports too,but I am not good at sports. Can I join you? What's the meaning of the underlined word “instruments” in Chinese? A. 乐谱 B. 乐器 C. 乐章 D. 琴