阅读理解词义猜测题

阅读理解词义猜测题

词义猜测题就是考查考生在阅读时不用查词典，仅仅通过上下文的意思就能猜测出生词词义的能力。突出考查考生对语境的分析和把握能力。考查的词有时为新词，有时为熟词新义。设问方式：

对单词意思的猜测：

1.The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to / means ________

2.What does the word “….” In paragraph … stand for /mean?

3.“….” could best be replaced by which of the following?

4.the word “…..” is closest in meaning to _______________.

对短语意思的猜测

1.The expression /phrase “….” Means __________

2.the underlined expression/ phrase in paragraph refers to / means _________

3.“…” could best be replaced by which of the following?

4.the phrase “……” is closest in meaning to __________\

对句子意思的猜测：

1.The sentence “…..” indicates that ______________

2.The underlined sentence implies /means that ____________

3.what does the underlined sentence mean?

4.By “….”, the author means that _____________.

对代词的意思猜测

What does the word “….” Underlined in the last paragraph refer to ?

What does the underlined word refer to?

解题技巧：

1．根据单词的前缀或后缀猜测单词的意思

2．注意文章中能够解释生词的定义性语句

3．根据单词与文章其他部分的关系，通过对比、因果、比较等方法猜测词义。

4．根据同义词或近义词猜测词义

答题步骤

1．首先要认真阅读文章，对文章的内容有一个大体的了解，把握好文章的整体脉络。2．对题目中出现的要求考生猜测的短语、单词或句子的部分进行反复的阅读，力求从一下句或一些定义性的语句中找到有用的信息。

3．将猜出的单词、短语或句子的意思带入文中进行检验，看是否符合上下句的意思，文章上下是否衔接、连贯。

方法指导：

单词：对单词的意思猜测时要利用构词法、同义词、近义词、反义词或提示句进行猜测，并通过文章的大意来验证。

1. 根据上下文解释作出判断

根据短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，在上文或下文出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。

例1 The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.（09湖南C）

66. The underlined words “the evicted fish" in Paragraph 3 refer to _____.

A. the fish beaten up

B. the fish found out

C. the fish fattened up

D. the fish driven away

分析：从前面的“being driven away”可知，得出答案是_______.

2. 根据转折或对比关系判断

根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号（；）也可以表示转折、对比或不相于的意义。

例2 July 21 st , 2007 was a typical English summer’s day — it rained for 24 hours! As usual, I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. Nothing was amiss. By the time I lift work at 5 pm, however, the road into our village was flooded. Our house bad never been flooded but, as I opened the front door, a wave of water greeted me. Thank God the kids weren’t with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. We lost everything downstairs. And the plaster had to be torn off the walls, ceilings pulled down.

45. What does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?

A. Wrong.

B. Missing.

C. Right.

D. Found.

分析：根据however，可以猜测出nothing was amiss与the road into our village was flooded 是相反的，因此答案为________.

4．根据构词法（转化、合成、派生）进行判断

在英语中，有很多词可以在其前面加前缀或后缀构成另一个词。掌握了一定的构词法便可轻松猜出它的词义。

5．根据因果关系进行判断

（08全国二B）In nutrition(营养) it was all good news too. This nice-tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C(维生素C) than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.

62. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.

A. that people enjoy eating

B. that is always present

C. that is difficult to get

D. that people use as a gift

分析：根据对该水果在营养，口味等方面的优势分析，得出它是购物者的菜篮中的不可或缺的水果。答案为B。

6．根据同位关系进行判断

在篇章中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词or连接。

7．利用文章中的举例来猜测词义

可以用从具体到一般，根据文章所举的例子，猜出该词的意思。

（08北京C）You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employee s’ personal-life events is becoming a little troubling.

Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼）remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts.

63. The underlined word “contributions” probably means ________.