英语国际音标的讲解及练习完美版本

英语国际音标的讲解及练习

Lesson 1

⑴前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [?]

前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。

[i:]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。②嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。

注意：[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。

She tea easy teach sleep agree three weeks, green tea, team leaders

Seeing is believing. Jean is as busy as a bee.

[i]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，比[i:]低,比[e]高。②唇形扁平，

牙床开得比[i:]宽，比[e]窄。③可从发[i:]出发，将小指尖放在上

下齿之间，舌前部也随之稍稍下降，即可发出[i]。

It this pig city coffee begin a big ship, bit by bit, little by litte

A little learning is a dangerous thing.

His six-year old sister is as fit as a fiddle.

[e]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低。②唇形中常，牙床开得比

[i:]宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。

Egg else dress best again energy seven beds, ten desks, the next lessen

Let’s get ready for the test.

All’s well that ends well.

[?]①舌尖抵下齿。②双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形，两齿间可以容纳食

指和中指。

And as bag lamp catch happen a happy man, a happy family, hand in hand, caps and cats

Harry has a happy family in Canada.

The rat is running on a narrow track.

⑵爆破辅音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]

爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动，送气要强。

[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。

[p] [b]双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。

[t] [d]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔。

[k] [g]舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔。

⑶发音练习：b[bi:] d[di:] e[i:]

Lesson 2

⑴后元音：[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]

后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。

②发[ɑ:][?:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短。

[ɑ:]舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身平放后缩。

Art army star father garden tomato a large car, half a jar, after the bath

I like to pass through the garden park.

Far from eye, far from heart.

[?]①舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。②双唇稍稍收圆。

③可先发[ɑ:]，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双唇稍稍收圆（不要突

出）即可发出[?]。

On off hot want doctor foreign cotton socks, borrow a clock, a pocket watch

The coffee is top quality.

When the shop was robbed, everybody was shocked.

[?:]①舌后部比发[?]时抬得略高。②双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力

向前突出。

Always or law before caused daughter all in all, more and more, a short story

Paul’s four and can walk and talk.

The storm draws near---we ought to go indoors.

[u]①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。②双唇收圆，稍

向前突出。

Full look wood foot woman sugar push and pull, good books, by hook or by crook

The cook cooks good food.

The woman stood for as long as she could.

[u:]双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比发[u]时抬得更

高。

To who lose group music fruit a blue balloon, an afternoon in June, huge rooms

The news is too good to be true.

That rule is useful once in a blue moon.

⑵摩擦辅音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [?] [?] [?] [e]

摩擦音发音要领：

[f] [s] [?] [?]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。

[v] [z] [?] [e]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动。

发摩擦音时必须注意：①软颚抬起，堵住到鼻腔的通道，但口腔通道不完全阻塞，留有窄小空隙，气流从中泄出时摩擦或振动成音。②摩擦音可以

延长而发音器官位置不变。

[f] [v]下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，摩擦成音。

[s] [z]舌端及舌尖靠近上齿龈，但不接触，上下齿靠拢，但不要咬住，气流由舌端与上齿龈之间逸出，摩擦成音。

[?] [?]舌尖和舌端抬向上齿龈较后部分，舌身两侧紧贴上颚，中央形成

一条狭长的通道，上下齿靠拢或靠近，但不要咬住，气流由舌端

与上齿龈较后部分之间逸出，摩擦成音。