四级常考语法结构

四级常考语法结构

1. Be about to do sth

be about to-V - be on the point of doing sth；just going to do sth"即将，就要"：

Her father is about to retire．As I was about to say when you interrupted me．

2. all but

(1)." all but十形容词（或用在谓语动词前）"= very nearly；almost几乎，差不多；

(2)."all but+名词"= all except "除……外都"：

Crows all but destroyed a farmer's field of corn.

The hikers were exhausted and all but frozen when they were found．

All but John were present．

3. for all : in spite of "尽管"：

He did not do well in the race，for all his training.

For all his money，he was very unhappy．

4. alternative n．----"选择，替代办法"，

注意下面成语的习惯用法："have no alternative but to do"

There's no alternative but to fight．I had no alternative but to walk out．

5. and ----用在省略if的特殊条件句中：

※Five minutes earlier，we could have caught the last train．a．and b．but c．or d．so

※Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy, balanced families. a. are often seeing b. will often see c. often see d. have often seen

6. anything but - not at all；far from"根本不，一点不"，作表语，but后面可以跟名词、形容词或过去分词：He's anything but lazy/a hero.

The bridge is anything but safe/finished.

※Alone in a deserted house，he was so busy with his research work that he felt _______ lonely．a．nothing but b．anything but c．all but d．everything but

7. as（四级考试频度很大的几个用法）

(1).引导让步状语从句（通常可以用though替换），使用下面句型：Ⅰ. "形容词／副词十as ＋主语十谓语：Y oung as I am，I know some of the family secrets．

Much as like her，I will not marry her．

Some members of the staff couldn't handle the case，hard as they tried．

Ⅱ"原形动词十as十主语十may／might／will／would"：

Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．

There was not a soul to be found in the house，search as they would．

(2).作关系代词，使用下面句型：

Ⅰ."such…as"（as在此接近于who/that/which）：

Such women as Tom knew thought he was charming. I never heard such stories as he tells.

He never hesitates to make such criticisms as are considered helpful to others．

It wasn't such a good dinner___she had promised us．a．that b．which c．as d．what

Ⅱ. 用在"the same…as"句型中：He doesn't believe the same things as you do．

(3)．用在"as＋be动词十表语"从句中，表示"正如"：He is absent，as is often the case．Freddie，as might be expected，was attending the conference．

As was expected，he performed the task with success．

※______ is known to the world，Mark Twain is a great American writer.

a．That b．Which c．As d．It

※_____ is generally accepted，economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production．

a．What b．That c．It d．As

(4)．as：David is tall，as are my brothers．

The Second World War，as did the earlier one of 1914，prompted public concern about a physical and Intellectual well－being of the country's human resources．第二次世界大战，正如早些时候1914年的那次一样，立即引起了公众对这个国家人力资源的身心健康的关注。

(5) ．as用于省略句，引起分词短语作状语：

As expected，the forestation movement rapidly spread．It usually happens as described above．He had failed to visit her as promised．

※His first novel "Night" was an account of the Nazi crimes ____ through the eyes of a teenaged boy．a．as seen b．which saw c．but was seen d．and were seen

(6)．用于as much…as；not so much…as"或"not so／as十形容词十as"句式中：

He said the situation there was not so bad as had been painted．

The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things as to teach the art of learning．学校教育的伟大作用与其说是教给你东西，还不如说是教给你如何学习的技能。He is not so much a writer as a reporter．

They were expected to be models of virtue，honored as much for their character as for their learning．人们期望他们成为美德的典范，不但因为他们的学识，而且因为他们的品德而受到敬重。

(7)．用于as if/as though引导的省略句中：He paused as if expecting Lenny to speak．

The boy turned，as if awakened from some dream。

He opened his mouth as if to speak something．He glanced as if in search of something．(8)．用在"just as…，so…"结构中：

Just as you hate Mr Green, so I dislike his wife. ※As is the father, so is the son.

※Just as the soil is part of the earth，________ the atmosphere．

a．as it is b．the same is c．so is d．and so is

※Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks，______ the experienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words．a．so b．as c．thus d．like

带as 的一些习语，as long as, so long as, as soon as, as if (though), as regards, as to, as for, as well, as well as, so as to, so…as to…….

8. before 相当于and then，汉语常译为"然后；才"：

I must finish my work before go home．It was several years before we met again．

He had to be called two or three times before he would come to his dinner．

The farmer decided to drive the cows away before they made more damage to the crops．

※A man escaped from the prison last night．It was a long time_______ the guards discovered what had happened．

a．before b．until c．since d．when

※Scientists say it may be five or ten years _____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.

A. since b. before c. after d. when（注：before的这一用法经常考试）

9. but for ----用于虚拟语气中，表示"若非"，相当于if not，后面跟名词；还可用but that引导一个从句，陈述具体事实：