硫葡萄糖甙

硫葡萄糖甙

张伟鹏

Glucosinolates are found naturally in oilseed crops such as rapeseed. The compounds are not themselves harmful,but upon enzymatic hydrolysis the products release thiocyanate ion, isothiocyanates,goitrin,and nitrites, all functioning as potent antithyroid agents.

硫代葡萄糖苷一般存在于自然油料

作物如油菜籽。该化合物本身并非有害，但酶解后释放硫氰酸盐离子，异硫氰酸酯，致甲状腺肿素，和亚硝酸盐等所有功能强大的抗甲状腺药物。

•The glucosinolate content of meal from traditional rapeseed ranges from3to8percent, but selective breeding has led to the development of low glucosinolate varieties of rapeseed,referred to as canola,which provide m e a l w i t h l e s s t h a n0.2m g/g glucosinolates.Feeding rainbow trout traditional rapeseed meal caused thyroid hyperplasia and reduced plasma thyroxine concentration.

•硫葡萄糖甙含量在传统的油菜籽餐中含量在

3~8%，但选择性育种的发展使低硫甙油菜籽品种出现。它能提供膳食小于0.2毫克/克硫代葡萄糖甙。喂养虹鳟传统菜籽粕引起甲状腺增生，降低血浆甲状腺素浓度。

Determination of sulfur content in rapeseed breeding two varieties of low sulfur is the indispensable one annulus.In order to adapt to the double low (low erucic acid, low-glucosinolate) breeding needs, we according to the soil solution with E D T A determination of sulfate in the principle of determination of rapeseed glucosinolate hydrolysis products of sulfuric acid, and then converted into the glucosinolate method, after hydrolysis, decolorization, titration end point of all sorts of conditions such as test and the weight method contrast, but also made the recovery rate test, think this method (E D T A volumetry) without the need for large instrument and expensive drugs, with a small amount of rapeseed (about 1 grams) can be directly calculated total determination of glucosinolate, standard sample is not required for standard curve is suitable for breeding, early screening of low sulfur application of glucoside strains.

测定油菜籽中硫贰含量是培育低硫贰品种不可缺的一环。为了适应双低( 低芥酸,低硫甙) 育种的需要,我们根据土壤溶液中用E D T A 测定硫酸根的原理研制出测定油菜籽中硫甙水解产物中的硫酸根,再换算成硫甙的方法,经过水解,脱色,滴定终点等各种条件

试验及与重量法对比,同时也作了回收率试验,认为此方法( E D T A 容量法) 不需要大型仪器和贵重药品,用少量油菜籽( 1克左右) 可以直接测定计算出硫甙总量,不需要标准样品作标准曲线,适合育种早期筛选低硫甙品系时应用。

•硫葡萄糖甙种类较多，目前，已鉴定测定到一百多种硫代葡萄糖贰的结构它的基本分子式如下:

•Sulfur glucoside structure complex,changeable,its degradation methods must conform to its changeable structure,in order to obtain a better effect of detoxification.Rapeseed glucosinolate in structure and content with the environmental conditions,genetic conditions vary,on a sample of glucosinolate structures,point to the face,large sample to sample generation,itself has the unreasonable place,nor the application value and theoretical meaning.Study on the utilization of rapeseed meal, glucosinolate degradation,understanding glucosinolate structures of variability is necessary.

•硫葡萄糖甙的结构复杂、多变,它的降解方法必须符合其多变的结构,才能取得较好脱毒效果。菜籽饼中硫甙的结构与含量随环境条件,遗传条件而异,研究一个样品中的硫甙结构,以点代面,以小样代大样,本身有其不合理的地方,也无应用价值和理论意义。研究菜籽饼粕的利用、研究硫甙的降解,了解硫甙结构的多变性是必要的。