最新高考英语阅读理解长难句分析

高考英语阅读理解长难句分析

Step 1

Do you know the sentence structure of the following sentences?

The telephone rang. 主语+ 谓语：

She is reading a novel. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语：

He put the vase on the table. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 状语：

The meeting lasted for two hours 主语+ 谓语+ 状语：

A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. 主语+ 系动词+ 表语：

Step 2

Try to understand the long sentences!

1. If the bees had stayed in Brazil, this would have been bad enough. But now they are on the move, heading northward in countless millions towards Central and North America.

2. It was not unusual to see children doing the work of adults in great many rural areas.

3. Harry was a capable lawyer, but it was difficult for him to live up to the reputation established by his more brilliant father.

英语中的长句为英语的一大难点，难度存在于：

• 1. 句子结构复杂，句子太长

• 2. 句子除了主干之外还包含一些附加成分，如插入语，同位语，分隔现象，各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语

分析方法：

• 1. 判断是否为常用句式——更好地理解！

• 2. 判断该句是简单句，并列句还是复杂句

• 3. 找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语

• 4. 分清句子的附属成分

Step 3

复杂单句的分析方法：

剥洋葱法！！

• 1. 找出句子各个成分，把它分为若干单元

• 2. 跳读修饰成分或附加成分

• 3. 找出句子主干并理解其意

• 4. 然后再分段理解修饰成分或附加成分

句子中的单元：

• 1. who, which, when, where, whose，that 等关系词----特别当心定语从句！

• 2. if, unless, although, though-----状语！

• 3. 介词短语

• 4. to do 不定式

• 5. 逗号中间

• 6. 逗号，v-ing----当心状语！

•7. 分隔符中间--········--

4. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.

但是司机有责任确保14岁以下的孩子不要坐在前排，除非他们系好了安全带。

5. HTS(Half The Sky foundation) sent its volunteers to help start the program a month ago.

Janice Cotton, a specialist in child development and early education, started training Chinese nannies, teaching them to provide stimulation, individual attention and an active learning environment for orphans.

Step 4 并列句

分析方法：

• 1. 找出并列连词

• 2. 根据并列连词的意思，理清句子的关系

• 3. 理解句意

4. 常见连词：and，so, for, as, therefore，but, yet ,while, although, though，not

only…but also both…and，neither…nor either…or，would…rather than…

• 5. What do the volunteers of HTS do to help start the program?

a. Training Chinese nannies

b. Teaching nannies to provide stimulation, individual attention for children

c. Creating an active learning environment for children

d. All of the above

6. We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you.

我们知道你们很看重你们在大学里面教育的学习方法，而且我们的年轻人与你们生活的花费即使对于你们来说也不便宜。

7. The native people said that they knew of this creature and called it the ‘yeti’, and they said they had ___ caught Yeties on two occasions though none has ever been produced.(NMET) • A. even B. hardly C. certainly D. probably

Step 5

主从复合句

•分析方法：

• 1. 分清主句从句

• 2. 分清从句性质

• 3. 理解句意

8. I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories” where they didn’t care if you have values or were flexible(灵活的, 可变通的).

我就上了这样的大学，自以为比那些在工程“工厂”里的学生有更大的优势，在那里根本没人管你是否价值，是否灵活。

9. He was something out of an ancient legend（传奇人物）, this old craftman（手艺人）with his way of speaking familiarly, his every strange, dusty felt hat, his funny accent from who-knows-where and, above all, his pride in his craft.

9. The sentence ‘He was something out of an ancient legend’implies that___.

a. nowadays you can hardly find anyone like him.

b. it was very difficult to communicate with this man

c. He was very strange

d. the man was too old

综合练习

10. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.