选修八unit1知识点.doc

选修八

Unit 1 A land of diversity

语言要点（模块）

Ⅰ.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料）

1.majority n.大多数；大半major adj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻

(反义词minority少数；少数民族)

[典例]

1). A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.

大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。

2). The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。

[重点用法]

be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数 a majority over sb 超过对方的票数

2. applicant n.申请人application n.申请(书)；应用；用途apply v. 申请；运用，适用[典例]

1). We had 250 applicants for the job. 有250人申请这份工作。

2). As the wages were low, there were few applicants for the job. 因为工资低, 没有什麽人申请

这份工作。

[重点用法]

apply for... 申请……apply to... 适用……

fill in the application form for sth. 填写……申请表

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). Successful _________ (apply) will receive notification within the week.

2). This rule can’ t be applied ________ (介词) every case.

3). You should ________ ________(申请) the job immediately, in person or by letter.

4). The question in the second half of the form _________ ________ (适用) married men only.

Keys: 1). applicants 2). to 3). apply for 4). apply to

3. occur vi. 发生；出现；存在

[典例]

1). The tragedy occurred only minutes after take-off. 这一悲剧在起飞后几分钟内就发生了。

2). Didn’ t it occur to you that he might be late? 你当时没有想到他可能会迟到吗?

[重点用法]

occur to... (主意) 浮现于脑海中；被想到；被想起；（某人）想到……

4. indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的[典例]

1). I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite. 我问他握姐姐在哪，他

指指对面的商店。

2). Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women. 研究表明男人感

到比女人更容易戒烟。

[重点用法]

indicate sth (to sb) 指示；指出；标示indicate that/wh-表示……；示意……

[练习] 根据句子的意思，在括号里填入适当的词。

1). The government has ________ (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.

2). A flashing red light ________ (标示) that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.

3). There is every ________ (indicate) of a change in the weather.

Keys: 1). indicated 2). indicated 3). indication

5. slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑倒；小过失；失误slippery adj.滑溜的

[典例]

1). My foot slipped and I nearly fell. 我的脚一滑，差点跌到。

2). She slipped into the room when no one was looking. 她趁无人注意的时候溜进了房间。[重点用法]

let slip... 错过……；无意中说出let sth. slip through your fingers错过(机会)，失去(机会) a slip of the tongue 口误

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). She ________ ________ (无意中说出) that she was intending to leave the company.

2). As the years _________ by, I thought more and more about him.

3). Drive very carefully; the roads are wet and ________ (slip).

Keys: 1). let slip 2). slipped 3). slippery

6. insert vt.插入，嵌入

[典例]

He inserted a key into a lock. 他把钥匙插进锁中。

[重点用法]

insert sth (in/into/between sth) 插入、放入、置入或嵌於某物或某两物间

Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）

1. live on 继续生活或存在

[典例]

She lived on for many years after her husband died. 丈夫死後她继续活了多年。

[短语归纳] live短语：

live on sth 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth 靠做某事物为生live for sth 以某事物为生活目标live through sth 经历某事物而幸存live together 在一起生活；同live a... life 过着……的生活

live with sth 接受或容忍某现象

live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁

live up to sth 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的live短语。

1). The lonely old man _______ _______ charity.

2). Mozart is dead but his music _______ _______.

3). My grandfather _______ _______ both world wars.

4). We should work hard and try to _______ _______ _______ ou r parents’ expectations.

5). The brave girl is learning to _______ _______ her disability.

Keys: 1). live on 2). lives on 3). lived through 4). live up to 5). live with

2. make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等

[典例]

They settled down in Canada and made a life for themselves.

他们在加拿大定居下来，习惯新的生活方式。

[短语归纳] life短语：