国贸名词解释

1.对外贸易依存度Degree of Dependence upon Foreign Trade

对外贸易额/GDP

2.贸易结构Composition of Trade

某一时期贸易的构成情况。

贸易额Value of Trade

贸易量Quantum of Trade

3.净出口与净进口

过境贸易Transit Trade

4.古典贸易理论

5.专业化分工生产

6.贸易所得

7.绝对优势

8.比较优势

9.要素密集度

10.要素丰裕度

11.贸易条件

要素价格均等化定理Factor Price Equalization Theorem

12.斯托尔伯——萨缪尔森定理

The theorem states that—under some economic assumptions (constant returns, perfect competition, equality of the number of factors to the number of products)—a rise in the relative price of a good will lead to a rise in the return to that factor which is used most intensively in the production of the good, and conversely, to a fall in the return to the other factor.

13.产业内贸易Intra-industry Trade

14.产业间贸易Inter-industry Trade

15.产业内贸易指数Index of Intra-industry Trade

☆16.罗伯津斯基定理Rybczynski theorem

At constant relative goods prices, a rise inthe endowment of one factor will lead to a more than proportional expansion of the output in the sector which uses that factor intensively, and an absolute decline of the output of the other good.

17.荷兰病Dutch disease

In economics, the Dutch disease is a concept that explains the apparent relationship betweenthe increase in exploitation of natural resources and a decline in the manufacturing sector.

18.福利恶化型增长Immiserizing growth

If growth is heavily export biased it might lead to a fall in the terms of trade of the exporting country. In rare circumstances this fall in the terms of trade may be so large as to outweighthe gains from growth. If so, this situation would cause a country to be worse off after growth than before.

19.自由贸易政策

不限进不促出

20.保护贸易政策

限进促出

21.反补贴税Counter-vailling duties, CVD

22.反倾销税Anti-dumping duties

23.最佳关税Optimal tariff

24.有效保护率Effective Rate of Protection, ERP

25.关税结构Escalated tariff structure

26.非关税壁垒Non-tariff barriers

27.技术性贸易壁垒Technical Barriers to Trade, TBT

28.贸易创造Trade Creation

29.贸易转移Trade Diversion

30.关税同盟Custom Union

31.自由贸易区Free Trade Area