高一定语从句讲解与练习(实用型)
高一定语从句讲解及练习[1]
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4．关系代词紧跟在介词或介词短语之后，只能 用which或 whom，不能用that． This is the hotel in which you will stay. This is the hotel which/ that you will stay in. • This is the girl who/whomher mother is speaking to. • This is the girl to ______her mother is whom speaking.
注意：that只能用在限制性定语从句中，非限 制性定语从句中永远不用that，介词后也不 能跟that．
• 1.Is there anything _____I can do that for you? • 2.He was the first that person____passed the exam. • 3.This is the best way that _____can solve this problem • 4.The film star and her film that ____you have just talked about is really well-known,
引导词在从句中主语，不能省；但是做宾语，可以省略。
who /that • Your friend (____________ studies in Beijing University )came to see you yesterday. who/that /whom • He is the man(___________________you have been waiting for.) which/that The necklace (_____________ Mary borrowed from her friend) was made of glass. The book (that I borrowed it from the library) is well written. The watch I gave it to her works well.
高中英语必修一-定语从句讲解-练习
高中英语必修一-定语从句讲解-练习定语从句讲解及练习I.主语和谓语一致1、关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
例如：The boy who is standing at the door is my son.2、在one of the +复数名词+定语从句结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.3、在“the only one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。
例如：This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.II. 正确使用that 和which1、that 指物，有时也可以指人,which 指物，不能指人。
which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that 则不能。
例如：Who is the man that is reading the newspaper?(正) Who is the man which is reading the newspaper?（误）The room in which she lives is a large one.（正）The room in that she lives is a large one.（误）2、先行词前面有形容词最高级，序数词next, last, very, any, little, no 等修饰时，用that 不用which 引导定语从句。
例如：This is the best film that I have seen.（正）This is the best film which I have seen.（误）3、先行词是all, much, little, none等时，用that而不用which 引导定语从句。
完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中英语的重点知识，也是高考常考点。
本文将主要讲解关系代词引导的定语从句，并解释关系副词引导的定语从句，包括判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，并提供例题讲解。
定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who。
whom。
whose。
that。
which等。
它们代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
例如，当先行词是人时，可以使用who或whom作为关系代词。
如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（他就是你想见的人吗？）关系代词在从句中作主语。
而当先行词是物时，可以使用which或that作为关系代词。
如：The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.（你拿的包快散了。
）关系代词在从句中作宾语。
除了who。
whom。
whose。
that。
which，还有关系副词when。
where。
why等。
关系副词引导的定语从句也可以修饰一个名词或代词。
例如：I still remember the day when we met.（我仍然记得我们相遇的那一天。
）关系副词when在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词day。
总之，掌握定语从句的用法和关系词的选择是英语研究的重要内容。
通过不断的练和实践，相信大家可以掌握这一技能。
关系副词可以代替时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
例如，关系副词when。
where。
why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。
比如，有时候我们必须屈服，这是任何人都会遇到的情况（There are ns when [on which] one must yield）。
高一定语从句专题讲解、练习
高一定语从句专题一、定语从句中关系词选择的总体原则1. 要与先行词保持类属（指人指物）上的一致。
2. 要以先行词在定语从句中（绝不是主句）中所充当的句子成分，即所起的作用而定。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语和状语。
3. 要以定语从句的种类而定，是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。
二、关系代词和关系副词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1. who 指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，在限制性定语从句中做宾语时可省略。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.（主语）The man (who / whom) you met just now is my friend. （宾语）2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，在限制性定语从句中常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.Mr. Ling is just the boy (whom) I want to see.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，在限制性定语从句中做宾语时可省略。
1) 在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中，指代前面某个名词。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. （主语）This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. （宾语）Last night we went to Ann’s party, which we enjoyed very much. （宾语）2) 在非限制性定语从句中，指代前面句意。
The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.（主语）4. that 在限制性定语从句中指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
高中定语从句讲解与练习（附答案）
高中定语从句讲解与练习（附答案）定语从句专项讲解与练习1、定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句需用下列关联词：关系代词和关系副词。
它们起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语。
主要有who, whom, that, whose, which, as, when, where, why。
PS:what不能引导定语从句. 指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that.The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom/ that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)2、掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：1）指人时宜用who 的情况：a. 当先行词是one, ones, anyone 或those , these 时，关系代词用who。
人教版高一英语定语从句全面讲解与练习
定语从句定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示;例如 a clever boy the boiling water fallen leaves•The boy in the classroom needs a pen.•The man standing there is my teacher.定语从句：一个句子充当定语The boy who is reading needs the pen.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语;短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语;Ⅰ. 概念：1 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句;定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面;2 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份;先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句;3 关系词：引导定语从句的词,并代替先行词在从句中担任一定的成分;分为关系代词和关系副词;4 定语从句基本构成：先行词+关系词+从句A 关系词的作用：1 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词；2 必在从句中作某个句子成份可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语1.The student who answered the question was John.2. I know the reason why he was so angry.3. The boy whom you are talking to is my brother.4. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.B简单句变定语从句例1：The girl is Mary. The girl is standing there.The girl who is standing there is Mary.如何改写定语从句1、找准主句和从句,并找出两个简单句的共有成分,确定先行词;2、将从句中的共有成分去掉;3.找准关系词,用关系词引导从句剩下的部分,并紧接在被修饰词先行词之后;例2：A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.例3：The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.C定语从句选择关系词三步曲：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能做主语、宾语或状语；第三选择合适的关系词;Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法：●that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语;指人时,相当于who或whom；指物时,相当于which 一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语如：1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. 主语2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now3. You can take anything that you like. 宾语4. What is the question that/which they are talking about5. Here is the man who/whom/that you want to see.●which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语如：1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.主语2. The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting.宾语3. He was proud, which his brother never was. 表语●who, whom, whose:who: 主格, 在从句中作主语,在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人whom: 宾格,在从句中作宾语; 只可指人whose: 属格,在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物;I like the students who/that work hard. 主语All who heard the story were amazed. 代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.He's a man from whom we should learn. 宾语= He's a man whom/who/that we should learn from.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.指人I'd like a room whose window faces south. 指物whose +n. =the +n. + of which 物= of which 物+ the +n.=I'd like a room of which the window faces south. whose + n. =the +n. + of whom人= of whom人+ the +n.=I'd like a room the window of which faces south.注意：定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数于先行词保持一致This is one of the best books that have ever been written.He is one of the students who study hard at school.当one前面有the only等限定词和修饰语时, 定语从句的谓语动词要与one保持一致而取单数形式例如This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written.He is the only one of the students who studies hard at school.Ⅲ. 几个易混淆的关系代词的比较:●宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.①先行词为不定代词表示物,all, much, something, everything, anything ,nothing, none, the one等,②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时;③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时;④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时;.⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：⑧主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.⑨被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .2. My home village is no longer the place that it used to be .●定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:①当关系代词的前面有介词时.1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.②在非限制性定语从句中.1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. which 指代主句B who & that:● who 和that 指代人时,有些情况宜用who, 而不宜用that①先行词为anyone, anybody, those, all, one, ones, they, he, people时. 如：.②在There be 结构中,修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who 指代人. 如：1.There is a gentleman who wants to see you .Ⅳ.关系副词引导的定语从句:●When 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语;定语从句中when=in/on/at which, 其先行词是表时间的名词如：time, day, week, tear, month, etc.I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.作状语I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou Ⅴwas launched, which has a great effect on my life.I still remember the days which/that we spent together. 作宾语Next winter which/that you'll spend in Harbin, I'm sure, will be exciting.●Where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语;定语从句中where=in/on/at which,其先行词是表示地点的名词,如：place, school, factory, room, etc.This is the factory where /in which he worked last year. 作状语This is the place where I was born.This is the park which/that they visited last year. 作宾语I live in the room which was bought by my father.I think you have got to the point where a change is needed, or you would fail.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he's likely to lose control of the plane.●Why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语;先行词为reason 时,可用for which指代；如：That’s the reason why/for which he was late.The reason why / for which he didn't attend the meeting was that he was ill.I don't believe the reason that/which he gave me. 作宾语Have you asked him the reason t hat may explain his success 作主语当先行词为way时,关系词在句中作状语时,定语从句常用that, in which引导,that常可以省略;way后的定语从句的引导词不用时较多;但如果关系词在句中作主语或宾语时,则用which或that 引导;如:This is the way that /in which I do such things.比较: Please do the experiment in the waythat/whichI have shown you.V.介词+关系代词考点1.基本考点考点1 简单介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,that和who不能用于介词之后,能用于介词＋关系代词引导定语从句的代词只有which和whom;考查“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词前该选什么样的介词,要根据不同的语境、词组搭配、习语、惯用法等来决定,归纳起来介词的选择主要依据如下几点：①介词与定语从句的先行词搭配;如：The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look．on the farm②介词与从句中动词搭配;如：Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands shake hands with sb.In the dark street there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. turn to sb. for help③介词与定语从句中的形容词搭配,如：The west lake, for which Hang Zhou is famous, is a beautiful place. be famous for④根据句子的意思来决定, 此时不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配;Water is very important for us without which we can’t live.2004辽宁The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad．2006辽宁I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most of whom were from Germany.The old man has two daughters．Both of them are doctors．那位老人有两个女儿,她们都是医生;③as 常用在as we all know；as you know; as is known to all; as you see; as we can see; as has been expected 等结构中;例如：一般译为"正如""就像","这一点"As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . as 作宾语=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . as 作主语=It's known to all that smoking is harmful to one's health .=Smoking is harmful to one's health, as we all know .as 作宾语Jack has won the first prize, as often happens. 像往常一样,Jack得了一等奖;训练题汇总◆EX1用适当的关系词填空.1. I will never forget the day __________ I first went to school.I will never forget the day __________ we spent in Beijing.2. The house __________ we visited is being repaired now.The house ______ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.◆Ex2选择适当的代词填空,注意非限制性定语从句和单句的比较;1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers.5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.◆EX3 思考:用五种方式定语从句翻译句子这是他工作的工厂;1. This is the factory________ he works.2. This is the factory ________he works.3. This is the factory________ he works in.4. This is the factory ________he works in.5. This is the factory________he works in.◆EX4 思考: 介词+关系代词的情况介词+关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke________ was a scientist. The city ________she lives in is far away.介词+关系代词的情况2 改错The man to who you spoke was a scientist.The city in that she lives is far away.◆Ex5: 介词+关系代词的使用1. Do you like the book she spent $102. Do you like the book she paid $103. Do you like the book she learned a lot4. Do you like the book she often talks5. He dug a hole he could got water from the lake.6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________is the Yellow River.8. The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at swimming.9. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most __________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.。
高中英语高一定语从句讲解及提升练习(有答案)
高中定语从句讲解及提升练习（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
高一英语定语从句复习讲解与精练
高一英语定语从句复习讲解与精练定语从句（序）定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分。
定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
定语从句存在的条件:先行词+关系词（有的版本作关联词）+从句（一）限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he bringsa lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导（二）非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
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• David thought his cousin was a person whom he could rely on. • Where is the picture which you painted? • Return the tools to who gave them to you. • We must admire someone who has contributed so generously. • Whom are you saving this seat for? • The exhibition which I enjoyed most was the auto show.
• Which is the Asian country whose economy is growing the fastest? 属格
• Which is the Asian country, the economy of which is growing the fastest? 属格
只用which不用that的情况
关系副词
• 要视引导词所指代的先行词在定语从句中 充当的成分而定，只有充当状语时，采用 关系副词，否则要用关系代词。
• I will never forget the days that we spent in Qingdao last year. (作宾语) • I will never forget the days when we lived together last year. （作时间状语） • This is the house that / which I visited. • （作宾语） • This is the house where I work now. • （做地点状语）
Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语从句的分类
• 定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性 定语从句。限制性定语从句和先行词关系 密切，删掉后影响整个意义的表达，非限 制性定语从句是一种补充说明，删掉后不 影响句子的重心。限制性定语从句有时省 略引导词，而非限制性定语从句用逗号隔 开，引导词不可以省略。
Sentence Pattern
• This is the teacher who often tells jokes. • （这个就是那个常讲笑话的老师。） • Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. • （想去长城的人在这里签名。）
• He found a wallet where there was a lot of money. • I will never forget the day when I became a middle-school student. • The museum which we have visited is very old. • The house where the famous writer lived is very cold. • The clothes which are hanging in the closet have been washed.
• He is an architect whose designs have won international prize. 属格 • The man is an architect, the designs of whom won international prize. 属格
在从句中指代物
Exercise—to see how much you have learnt
• 1. The woman who came yesterday is my mother. • 2. Is the American film which you have seen interesting? • 3. Have you found the bikewhich was lost? • 4. The boy who is singing over there is Li Ming. whom • 5. Do you know the man our teacher is talking to?
介词+关系代词 （which， whom）
• There are many different kinds of ways in which they can solve the problems.
• The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
which fang is talking about • 6. The school Li
• • • • is the best one there. 7. She is the girl with whomI went to Shanghai. 8. Please show me the man whose sister is doctor. 9. Would you like to give me the bookwhose cover is green? 10. Look at the ladywhosename is Mary.
• Do you know the reason why he was late? • The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to a party. • 比较 • The reason is that I want to invite you to a party. (表语从句)
• She is the girl who/whom I will go to Shanghai with.宾格 • She is the woman that you talked about just now. 宾格 • She is the girl with whom I will go to Shanghai. 宾格
1. 在非限制性定语从句中 Tom came back, which made us happy. 2. 当从句中介词提前时 This is a house in which Luxun once lived.
只用that不用which的情况
• 1. 先行词有最高级，序数词时 • This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. • This is the third book that she has given me. • 2. 当先行词即有人又有物时 • Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
关系代词的省略
• 1. 关系代词在从句中做动词的宾语 • I have been to the city twice (that / which) you just visited. • 2. 做从句介词的宾语，介词在句尾时 • Generation gap is a problem (that / which) people are interested in.
• 3. 当先行词是all, much, little, something, every thing, anything, nothing, none, the one 等代词时 • You should hand in all that you have. • 4. 当先行词前有only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时 • Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.
• Einstein was a man who influenced our ideas of time and space. • The reason why Mary came here was that he wanted to see me. • Sometimes the earthquake is violent that it can destroy the whole city, as happened in Tangshan in 1976. • Mary lost her bike last week. Today she found a young girl riding the same bike as hers. She has decided to tell the policeman.
• The plane which has just taken off is half an hour late. 主格
• The car that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.主格
• This is the hotel which/that you will stay in. 宾格 • This is the hotel in which you will stay. • 宾格 • English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.宾格
• 11. The visitors want to stay at the hotelwhich they stayed at last time. • 12. The visitors want to stay at the hotel where they stayed last time. • 13. The visitors want to stay at the hotel which they visited last time. • 14. My friend whom we have talked about before will come to see me. • 15. This answering machine which I bought at a low price doesn’t work.