高一定语从句讲解与练习(实用型)

which fang is talking about • 6. The school Li
• • • • is the best one there. 7. She is the girl with whomI went to Shanghai. 8. Please show me the man whose sister is doctor. 9. Would you like to give me the bookwhose cover is green? 10. Look at the ladywhosename is Mary.
Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语从句的分类
• 定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性 定语从句。限制性定语从句和先行词关系 密切，删掉后影响整个意义的表达，非限 制性定语从句是一种补充说明，删掉后不 影响句子的重心。限制性定语从句有时省 略引导词，而非限制性定语从句用逗号隔 开，引导词不可以省略。
• She is the girl who/whom I will go to Shanghai with.宾格 • She is the woman that you talked about just now. 宾格 • She is the girl with whom I will go to Shanghai. 宾格
• David thought his cousin was a person whom he could rely on. • Where is the picture which you painted? • Return the tools to who gave them to you. • We must admire someone who has contributed so generously. • Whom are you saving this seat for? • The exhibition which I enjoyed most was the auto show.
在从句中指代人
• This is the teacher who often tells jokes. 主格 • Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. 主格 • Li ming is the only one that got full marks in our class. 主格
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
As引导定语从句
• As everybody knows, Taiwan belongs to China. • As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China. • Such people as you describe are short nowadays. • This is the same thing as we are in need of.
介词+关系代词 （which， whom）
• There are many different kinds of ways in which they can solve the problems.
• The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
关系副词
• 要视引导词所指代的先行词在定语从句中 充当的成分而定，只有充当状语时，采用 关系副词，否则要用关系代词。
• I will never forget the days that we spent in Qingdao last year. (作宾语) • I will never forget the days when we lived together last year. （作时间状语） • This is the house that / which I visited. • （作宾语） • This is the house where I work now. • （做地点状语）
• 11. The visitors want to stay at the hotelwhich they stayed at last time. • 12. The visitors want to stay at the hotel where they stayed last time. • 13. The visitors want to stay at the hotel which they visited last time. • 14. My friend whom we have talked about before will come to see me. • 15. This answering machine which I bought at a low price doesn’t work.
• Einstein was a man who influenced our ideas of time and space. • The reason why Mary came here was that he wanted to see me. • Sometimes the earthquake is violent that it can destroy the whole city, as happened in Tangshan in 1976. • Mary lost her bike last week. Today she found a young girl riding the same bike as hers. She has decided to tell the policeman.
关系代词的省略
• 1. 关系代词在从句中做动词的宾语 • I have been to the city twice (that / which) you just visited. • 2. 做从句介词的宾语，介词在句尾时 • Generation gap is a problem (that / which) people are interested in.
• 3. 当先行词是all, much, little, something, every thing, anything, nothing, none, the one 等代词时 • You should hand in all that you have. • 4. 当先行词前有only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时 • Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.
• Is there anything that I can do to help? • Professor Li, whom we have long admired, is to have a lecture soon. • The Summer Palace, which attracts many tourists, is very old and beautiful. • I like to go shopping on weekdays, when the shop isn’t crowded. • The play won’t be put on in Beijing this year, which makes us disappointed.
Sentence Pattern
• This is the teacher who often tells jokes. • （这个就是那个常讲笑话的老师。） • Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. • （想去长城的人在这里签名。）
• He found a wallet where there was a lot of money. • I will never forget the day when I became a middle-school student. • The museum which we have visited is very old. • The house where the famous writer lived is very cold. • The clothes which are hanging in the closet have been washed.
Exercise—to see how much you have learnt
• 1. The woman who came yesterday is my mother. • 2. Is the American film which you have seen interesting? • 3. Have you found the bikewhich was lost? • 4. The boy who is singing over there is Li Ming. whom • 5. Do you know the man our teacher is talking to?
• Do you know the reason why he was late? • The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to a party. • 比较 • The reason is that I want to invite you to a party. (表语从句)
• He is an architect whose designs have won international prize. 属格 • The man is an architect, the designs of whom won international prize. 属格
在从句中指代物
1. 在非限制性定语从句中 Tom came back, which made us happy. 2. 当从句中介词提前时 This is a house in which Luxun once lived.
只用that不用which的情况
• 1. 先行词有最高级，序数词时 • This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. • This is the third book that she has given me. • 2. 当先行词即有人又有物时 • Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
• The plane which has just taken off is half an hour late. 主格
• The car that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.主格
• This is the hotel which/that you will stay in. 宾格 • This is the hotel in which you will stay. • 宾格 • English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.宾格
定语从句的引导词
关系代词
• 引导词
Who， whom, whose, which, that, as 关系副词 When, where, why
关系代词的用法
在从句中 主格 宾格 属格 指人 who who(m) whose / of whom 指物 which 既指人又指物 that
which that whose / whose of which
• Which is the Asian country whose economy is growing the fastest? 属格
• Which is the Asian country, the economy of which is growing the fastest? 属格
只用which不用that的情况