定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)
高中英语---定语从句特殊情况专项讲解及练习(有答案)

定语从句一、定语从句中只能用that 引导的情况1.当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one 等词时。
Everything that he said was true.2.当先行词被the very(恰恰,正好), the only,any,few,little,no,all修饰时。
This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.The only thing that is constant is change.There was little that we could do to help her.3.当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.What is the first American film that you have seen?5.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6.当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?7.先行词在定语从句中做表语,而关系代词在从句中也做表语时。
定语从句讲解练习及答案.doc

定语从句讲解一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用'……的'表示。
主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
女口:1) The m an who lives next to us is a policem an.2) You m ust do every thin gthat I do.上面两句中的m an和everythin g是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which, who滨格who,所有格wh ose)和关系副词whe re, when、why关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句l.who指人,在从句中做主语(1)The boys whoa re pla ying footbal lare from C lass One.(2)Yesterday I helped an ol d man wholo st his way.2 . whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. L iu is the pe rson(whom)vou talked a bout.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
(3)The man who/whomyou met just no wis my frie nd.3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1)Footbal I is a game whichis lik ed by most b oys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2)This is the pen(whi ch) he bough t yesterday.( which 在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于whicho在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习

初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习初中英语定语从句系统讲解及配套练(含答案)一.定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.二、定语从句的关系词关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等;关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,限定性定语从句是先行词在乎义上不成短少的定语,假如去掉的话,主句的意义就不完全,意义就表述不明。
这类句型普通定语从句紧接先行词,如:I was the only person in myoffice who was invited.2.非限定性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分隔,起弥补申明感化,如省去,意义仍完全。
非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切,只是对其附加说明,也就是讲即便去掉定语从句,句意也不受影响,仍然清晰明了。
这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。
且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句,如:Michael Jaskon,who is the greatest singer in the world,passed away in 2010.如:Mary lived in the city of Hongkong,where used to be a small poor countryside.4、干系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
高考英语语法定语从句讲解与练习附答案

定语从句与高考定语从句是高考的热点,主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用,特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
主要考点有:1.关系代词who, which, that, whom, as, whose的基本用法。
2.关系副词when, where, why的基本用法。
3.定语从句中关系词的特殊用法。
4.定语从句中“介词+关系代词”介词的确定。
5. which/ as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别。
一、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别一:形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常____用___逗号隔开。
区别二:功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意____不明确___;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意不影响。
如:People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。
(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。
(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)比较下面的两个句子:I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。
(姐姐不止一个)I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐,她是当医生的。
(只有一个姐姐)区别三:翻译不同在翻译定语从句时,一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。
如:He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。
定语从句讲义及练习题(附答案)

定语从句定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别1.限定性定语从句: 从句不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整。
非限定性定语从句: 从句可以省略,如果省略整个句子意思仍然完整。
2.限定性定语从句: 先行词可以用that 引导。
非限定性定语从句: 先行词不可以用that 引导。
3.限定性定语从句: 引导词有时可以省略。
非限定性定语从句:引导词不可以省略。
4.限定性定语从句:主句与从句不需要用逗号隔开。
非限定性定语从句:主句与从句需要用逗号隔开。
5.限定性定语从句: 从句只修饰先行词。
非限定性定语从句:从句既可以修饰先行词,也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分。
功能和形式方面的区别限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧凑,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。
如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性;有时甚至于引起费解、误解。
例如:1.Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。
3.They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。
非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开;它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用。
有时也用它来对全句或句中某个成分进行补充、说明。
即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思。
由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。
(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。
(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
(精校版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)

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定语从句讲解一.基本介绍❶功能:相当于adj,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。
❷位置:被修饰词之后❸先行词:被定语从句修饰的词关系词用法成份例句that人、物主、宾Is he the man that wants to see you?who人主Is he the man who wants to see you?whom谁+N主、宾He is the man whom I saw yesterday?whose谁的+N定语Please pass me the book whose cover isgreen。
which哪个、物主、宾This is the house which we bought lastmonth。
关系代词as正主、宾、表As we all know,smoking is harmful toone’s health.when 什么时候There are occasions when(on which)aremust yield。
where 地点哪里Beijing is the place where(in which) Iwas born。
关系副词why表原因介词+whichIs this the reason why(for which) herefused our offer?❹关系词:连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。
高考英语语法定语从句讲解练习含答案

定语从句在句中起形容词的作用,修饰名词或代词,作定语;被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词;引导定语从句的词叫关系词,它一方面代替前面的先行词,另外又在从句中充当一种成分。
that,which引导的定语从句(一)下列情况只能用that,不能用which1.先行词是everything, anything, nothing, all, little, much, none, the one等不定代词时。
►He told me everything that he knew.他告诉了我他知道的一切。
2.先行词被all, any, every, each, little, no, some, much, the very, the only等修饰时。
►This is the very book that I am looking for.这正是我在找的那本书。
3.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
►This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的最好的电影。
4.先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
►We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.我们谈论了我们记得的人和事。
(二)下列情况不能用that1.that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
►Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.足球是一项有趣的运动,风靡全世界。
2.介词后不用that (介词后指人用whom,指物用which)。
►The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle.他如此努力为之工作的奖品是一辆新自行车。
►I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.我喜欢正和老师谈话的那个人。
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定语从句讲解与练习
一.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
2. 关联词:
1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。
2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词:when, where, why作时间状语。
三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分
四.关系代词的用法:
1. that 和which
that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.
Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?
The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.
注意:The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)
2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:
1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that
This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.
2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that
The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.
3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.
Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?
This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.
4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few 等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that
I want everything (that) I want.
I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.
5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have.
6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.
7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导
Is it the one(that)you want?
8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句
Who is the girl that won the first place?
3. who和whom
who指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。
Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?
The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous. =The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is very famous.
五.关系副词的用法:
1.when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. when=on which
2.where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.
We d on’t know the reason why he was late for school.
㈠.单项选择
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. /
3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one
B. which
C. who
D. whom
5. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. it
6. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. all
7. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. this
8. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who
C. /
D. he
9. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door
B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door
D. that lives next door
10 He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A. what
B. which
C. as
D. /。