脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液说明书--卡文

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台达VFD-M变频器说明书

台达VFD-M变频器说明书

感謝您採用台達高功能.迷你型交流電機驅動器VFD-M系列。

VFD-M係採用高品質的元件、材料及融合最新的微電腦控制技術製造而成。

此產品說明提供給使用者安裝、參數設定、異常診斷、排除及日常維護交流電機驅動器相關注意事項。

為了確保能夠正確地安裝及操作交流電機驅動器,請在裝機之前,詳細閱讀本產品說明,並請妥善保存隨機附贈之光碟內容及交由該機器的使用者。

交流電機驅動器乃精密的電力電子產品,為了操作者及機械設備的安全,請務必交由專業的電機工程人員安裝試車及調整參數,本產品說明中有[ 危險] 、[ 注意] 等符號說明的地方請務必仔細研讀,若有任何疑慮的地方請連絡本公司各地的代理商咨詢,我們的專業人員會樂于為您服務。

以下各事項請使用者在操作本產品時特別留意DANGER..本驅動器在使用前,務必正確可靠接地。

..實施配線,務必關閉電源。

.切斷交流電源后,交流電機驅動器READY指示燈未熄滅前,表示交流電機驅動內部仍有高壓十分危險,請勿觸摸內部電路及零組件。

.交流電機驅動器的內部電路板有CMOS IC極易受靜電的破壞,故在未做好防靜電措施前請勿用手觸摸電路板。

.絕對不可以自行改裝交流電機驅動器內部的零件或線路。

..交流電機驅動器端子E務必正確的接地。

230V系列以第三種接地,460V系列以特種接地。

..本系列是用于控制三相感應電機的變速運轉,不能用于單相電機或作其它用途。

.本系列不能使用危及人身安全的場合。

.請防止小孩或一般無關民眾接近交流電機驅動器。

.交流電源絕不可輸入至交流電機驅動器輸出端子U/T1、V/T2、W/T3中。

.請勿對交流電機驅動器內部的零組件進行耐壓測試,因交流電機驅動器所使用的半導體易受高壓擊穿而損壞。

.即使三相交流電機是停止的,交流電機驅動器的主回路端子仍然可能帶有危險的高.只有合格的電機專業人員才可以安裝、配線及修理保養交流電機驅動器。

.當交流電機驅動器使用外部端子為運轉命令來源時,可能在輸入電源后會立即讓電機開始運轉,此時若有人員在現場易造成危險。

欧洲芯片集团的NJ10-30GK-SN-15M型号产品说明书

欧洲芯片集团的NJ10-30GK-SN-15M型号产品说明书

16-11-08 08:31D a t e o f i s s u e : 2016-11-08250940_e n g .x m lInstructionManual electrical apparatus for hazardous areas Device category 1Gfor use in hazardous areas with gas, vapour and mist EC-T ype Examination CertificateCE marking ATEX marking ¬ II 1G Ex ia IIC T6…T1 G aThe Ex-related marking can also be printed on the enclosed label.Standards EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013 EN 60079-11:2012 Ignition protection "Intrinsic safety"Use is restricted to the following stated conditions Appropriate typeNJ 10-30GK-SN...Effective internal inductivity C i ≤ 120 nF ; a cable length of 10 m is considered.Effective internal inductance L i≤ 150 µH ; a cable length of 10 m is considered.G eneralThe apparatus has to be operated according to the appropriate data in the data sheet and in this instruction manual. The EU-type examination certificate has to beobserved. The special conditions must be adhered to! The ATEX directive and there-fore the EU-type-examination certificates generally apply only to the use of electrical apparatus under atmospheric conditions.The device has been checked for suitability for use at ambient temperatures of > 60 °C by the named certification authority. The surface temperature of the device remains within the required limits.For the use of apparatus outside of atmospheric conditions, a reduction of the per-missible minimum ignition energies may need to be considered.Ambient temperatureDetails of the correlation between the type of circuit connected, the maximum per-missible ambient temperature, the temperature class, and the effective internal reac-tance values can be found on the EC-type examination certificate. Note: Use the temperature table for category 1 The 20 % reduction in accordance with EN 1127-1 has already been applied to the temperature table for category 1.Installation, commissioningLaws and/or regulations and standards governing the use or intended usage goal must be observed. The intrinsic safety is only assured in connection with an appro-priate related apparatus and according to the proof of intrinsic safety. The associated apparatus must satisfy the requirements of category ia. Because of the risk of igni-tion, which can occur due to faults and/or transient currents in the equipotential bonding system, galvanic isolation is preferable in the supply and signal circuits. Associated apparatus without electrical isolation can only be used if the correspond-ing requirements of IEC 60079-14 are satisfied. If the Ex-related marking is printed only on the supplied label, then this must be attached in the immediate vicinity of the sensor. The sticking surface for the label must be clean and free from grease. The attached label must be legible and indelible, including in the event of possible chem-ical corrosion.Maintenance No changes can be made to apparatus, which are operated in hazardous areas.Repairs to these apparatus are not possible.Special conditionsProtection from mechanical dangerWhen using the device in a temperature range of -60 °C to -20 °C, protect the sensor against the effects of impact by installing an additional enclosure. The information regarding the minimum ambient temperature for the sensor as provided in the datasheet must also be observed.Electrostatic chargeWhen used in group IIC non-permissible electrostatic charges should be avoided on the plastic housing parts. Avoid electrostatic charges that can cause electrostatic dis-charge when installing or operating the device. Information on electrostatic hazards can be found in the technical specification IEC/TS 60079-32-1.Degree of protection required when installing connecting componentsThe connecting parts of the sensor must be set up in such a way that degree of pro-tection IP20, in accordance with lEC 60529, is achieved as a minimum.R e l e a s e d a t e : 2016-11-08 08:31D a t e o f i s s u e : 2016-11-08250940_e n g .x m lInstructionManual electrical apparatus for hazardous areas Device category 2Gfor use in hazardous areas with gas, vapour and mist EC-T ype Examination CertificateCE marking ATEX marking ¬ II 1G Ex ia IIC T6…T1 G aThe Ex-related marking can also be printed on the enclosed label.Standards EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013 EN 60079-11:2012 Ignition protection "Intrinsic safety"Use is restricted to the following stated conditions Appropriate typeNJ 10-30GK-SN...Effective internal inductivity C i≤ 120 nF ; a cable length of 10 m is considered.Effective internal inductance L i ≤ 150 µH ; a cable length of 10 m is considered.G eneralThe apparatus has to be operated according to the appropriate data in the data sheet and in this instruction manual. The EU-type examination certificate has to beobserved. The special conditions must be adhered to! The ATEX directive and there-fore the EU-type-examination certificates generally apply only to the use of electrical apparatus under atmospheric conditions.The device has been checked for suitability for use at ambient temperatures of > 60 °C by the named certification authority. The surface temperature of the device remains within the required limits.For the use of apparatus outside of atmospheric conditions, a reduction of the per-missible minimum ignition energies may need to be considered.Maximum permissible ambient temperature T amb Details of the correlation between the type of circuit connected, the maximum per-missible ambient temperature, the temperature class, and the effective internal reac-tance values can be found on the EC-type examination certificate.Installation, commissioningLaws and/or regulations and standards governing the use or intended usage goal must be observed. The intrinsic safety is only assured in connection with an appro-priate related apparatus and according to the proof of intrinsic safety. If the Ex-related marking is printed only on the supplied label, then this must be attached in the imme-diate vicinity of the sensor. The sticking surface for the label must be clean and free from grease. The attached label must be legible and indelible, including in the event of possible chemical corrosion.Maintenance No changes can be made to apparatus, which are operated in hazardous areas.Repairs to these apparatus are not possible.Special conditionsProtection from mechanical dangerWhen using the device in a temperature range of -60 °C to -20 °C, protect the sensor against the effects of impact by installing an additional enclosure. The information regarding the minimum ambient temperature for the sensor as provided in the datasheet must also be observed.Degree of protection required when installing connecting componentsThe connecting parts of the sensor must be set up in such a way that degree of pro-tection IP20, in accordance with lEC 60529, is achieved as a minimum.16-11-08 08:31D a t e o f i s s u e : 2016-11-08250940_e n g .x m lInstructionManual electrical apparatus for hazardous areas Device category 3G (nA) for use in hazardous areas with gas, vapour and mist Certificate of ComplianceCE marking ATEX marking ¬ II 3G Ex nA IIC T6 GcThe Ex-related marking can also be printed on the enclosed label.Standards EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013, EN 60079-15:2010 Ignition protection category "n"Use is restricted to the following stated conditionsG eneralThe apparatus has to be operated according to the appropriate data in the data sheet and in this instruction manual. The data stated in the data sheet are restricted by this operating instruction! The special conditions must be observed!Installation, commissioningLaws and/or regulations and standards governing the use or intended usage goal must be observed. If the Ex-related marking is printed only on the supplied label, then this must be attached in the immediate vicinity of the sensor. The sticking surface for the label must be clean and free from grease. The attached label must be legible and indel-ible, including in the event of possible chemical corrosion.MaintenanceNo changes can be made to apparatus, which are operated in hazardous areas.Repairs to these apparatus are not possible.Special conditionsMinimum series resistance R V A minimum series resistance R V is to be provided between the power supply voltage and the proximity switch in accordance with the following list. This can also be assured by using a switch amplifier.Maximum operating voltage U BmaxThe maximum permissible operating voltage UB max is restricted to the values in the following list. T olerances are not permissible.Maximum permissible ambient temperature T Umax Values can be obtained from the following list, depending on the max. operating voltage Ub max and the minimum series resistance Rv. at U Bmax =9 V , R V =562 Ω58 °C (136.4 °F) using an amplifier in accordance with EN 60947-5-6 58 °C (136.4 °F)Protection from mechanical danger The sensor must not be exposed to ANY FORM of mechanical danger.Protection from UV lightThe sensor and the connection cable must be protected from damaging UV-radiation. This can be achieved when the sensor is used in internal areas.Protection of the connection cable The connection cable must be prevented from being subjected to tension and torsional loading.Protection against transients Ensure transient protection is provided and that the maximum value of the transient pro-tection (140% of 85 V) is not exceeded.Material selection accessoriesWhen selecting accessories, ensure that the material allows the temperature of the enclosure to rise to up to 70 °C.R e l e a s e d a t e : 2016-11-08 08:31D a t e o f i s s u e : 2016-11-08250940_e n g .x m lInstructionManual electrical apparatus for hazardous areas Device category 1Dfor use in hazardous areas with combustible dust EC-T ype Examination CertificateCE marking ATEX marking ¬ II 1D Ex ia IIIC T135°C DaThe Ex-related marking can also be printed on the enclosed label.Standards EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013 EN 60079-11:2012Ignition protection "Intrinsic safety" Use is restricted to the following stated condi-tionsAppropriate typeNJ 10-30GK-SN...Effective internal inductivity C i≤ 120 nF ; a cable length of 10 m is considered.Effective internal inductance L i ≤ 150 µHA cable length of 10 m is considered.G eneralThe apparatus has to be operated according to the appropriate data in the data sheet and in this instruction manual. The EU-type examination certificate has to beobserved. The ATEX directive and therefore the EU-type-examination certificates generally apply only to the use of electrical apparatus under atmospheric conditions.The device has been checked for suitability for use at ambient temperatures of > 60 °C by the named certification authority. The surface temperature of the device remains within the required limits.For the use of apparatus outside of atmospheric conditions, a reduction of the per-missible minimum ignition energies may need to be considered.Permissible ambient temperature rangeDetails of the correlation between the type of circuit connected, the maximum per-missible ambient temperature, the surface temperature, and the effective internal reactance values can be found on the EC-type-examination certificate. The maxi-mum permissible ambient temperature of the data sheet must be noted, in addition, the lower of the two values must be maintained.Installation, commissioningLaws and/or regulations and standards governing the use or intended usage goal must be observed. The intrinsic safety is only assured in connection with an appro-priate related apparatus and according to the proof of intrinsic safety. If the Ex-related marking is printed only on the supplied label, then this must be attached in the imme-diate vicinity of the sensor. The sticking surface for the label must be clean and free from grease. The attached label must be legible and indelible, including in the event of possible chemical corrosion.Maintenance No changes can be made to apparatus, which are operated in hazardous areas.Repairs to these apparatus are not possible.Special conditionsProtection from mechanical dangerWhen using the device in a temperature range of -60 °C to -20 °C, protect the sensor against the effects of impact by installing an additional enclosure. The information regarding the minimum ambient temperature for the sensor as provided in the datasheet must also be observed.Electrostatic chargeAvoid electrostatic charges that can cause electrostatic discharge when installing or operating the device. Information on electrostatic hazards can be found in the techni-cal specification IEC/TS 60079-32-1. Do not attach the nameplate provided in areas where electrostatic charge can build up.Degree of protection required when installing connecting componentsThe connecting parts of the sensor must be set up in such a way that degree of pro-tection IP20, in accordance with lEC 60529, is achieved as a minimum.16-11-08 08:31D a t e o f i s s u e : 2016-11-08250940_e n g .x m lInstructionManual electrical apparatus for hazardous areas Device category 3D for use in hazardous areas with combustible dust Certificate of ComplianceCE marking ATEX marking ¬ II 3D Ex tc IIIC T80°C DcThe Ex-related marking can also be printed on the enclosed label.Standards EN 60079-0:2012+A11:2013, EN 60079-31:2014Protection by enclosure "tc" Some of the information in this instruction manual is more specific than the information provided in the datasheet.G eneralThe corresponding datasheets, declarations of conformity, EC-type examination certifi-cates, certifications, and control drawings, where applicable (see datasheets), form an integral part of this document. These documents can be found at . The maximum surface temperature of the device was determined without a layer of dust on the apparatus. Some of the information in this instruction manual is more specific than the information provided in the datasheet.Installation, commissioningLaws and/or regulations and standards governing the use or intended usage goal must be observed. If the Ex-related marking is printed only on the supplied label, then this must be attached in the immediate vicinity of the sensor. The sticking surface for the label must be clean and free from grease. The attached label must be legible and indel-ible, including in the event of possible chemical corrosion.MaintenanceNo changes can be made to apparatus, which are operated in hazardous areas.Repairs to these apparatus are not possible.Special conditionsMinimum series resistance R V A minimum series resistance RV is to be provided between the power supply voltage and the proximity switch in accordance with the following list. This can also be assured by using a switch amplifier.Maximum operating voltage U BmaxThe maximum permissible operating voltage UBmax must be restricted to the values given in the following list. T olerances are not permitted.Maximum permissible ambient temperature T Umax Values can be obtained from the following list, depending on the max. operating voltage Ub max and the minimum series resistance Rv. at U Bmax =9 V , R V =562 Ω58 °C (136.4 °F) using an amplifier in accordance with EN 60947-5-6 58 °C (136.4 °F)Protection from mechanical danger The sensor must not be exposed to ANY FORM of mechanical danger.Protection from UV lightThe sensor and the connection cable must be protected from damaging UV-radiation. This can be achieved when the sensor is used in internal areas.Protection of the connection cable The connection cable must be prevented from being subjected to tension and torsional loading.Electrostatic chargeAvoid electrostatic charges that can cause electrostatic discharge when installing or operating the device. Information on electrostatic hazards can be found in the technical specification IEC/TS 60079-32-1. Do not attach the nameplate provided in areas where electrostatic charge can build up.。

lm1117 芯片中文资料

lm1117 芯片中文资料
8 引脚 LLP
TO-263
温度范围
型号
封装标识
出货形式
0℃~125℃
LM1117MPX-ADJ N03A
编带和卷轴
LM1117MPX-1.8
N12A
编带和卷轴
LM1117MPX-2.5 LM1117MPX-2.85
N13A N04A
编带和卷轴 编带和卷轴

LM1117MPX-3.3 LM111 1.250
1.262 1.270
LM1117-1.8
IOUT = 10mA,VIN-VOUT =3.8V, TJ = 25℃
f 0≤IOUT≤800mA, 3.2V≤VIN≤10V
LM1117-2.5
. IOUT = 10mA,VIN-VOUT =4.5V, TJ = 25℃ w 0≤IOUT≤800mA, 3.9V≤VIN≤10V
VREF
参考电压
LM1117I-ADJ
IOUT = 10mA,VIN-VOUT =2V, TJ = 25℃
1.238 1.250 1.262 V
10mA≤IOUT≤800mA, 1.4V≤VIN-VOUT≤ 1.200 1.250 1.290 V
VOUT
10V LM1117I-3.3

IOUT = 10mA,VIN-VOUT =5V, TJ = 25℃ 0≤IOUT≤800mA, 4.75V≤VIN≤10V
编带和卷轴 编带和卷轴
wLM1117IDTX-3.3
LM1117IDTX-5.0
LM1117IDT-3.3 LM1117IDT-5.0
编带和卷轴 编带和卷轴
w 0℃~125℃
LM1117LTX-ADJ LM1117LTX-1.8

Telit LE866数字语音接口应用说明说明书

Telit LE866数字语音接口应用说明说明书

INTERFACE APPLICATION NOTEAPPLICABILITY TABLEPRODUCTSLE866-SV1 SW VER.: 23.00.003NOTE:The features described in the present document are provided by the productsequipped with the software versions equal or higher than the versions shown inthe table. See also the Document History chapter.DISCLAIMERLEGAL NOTICEThese Specifications are general guidelines pertaining to product selection and application and may not be appropriate for your particular project. Telit (which hereinafter shall include, its agents, licensors and affiliated companies) makes no representation as to the particular products identified in this document and makes no endorsement of any product. Telit disclaims any warranties, expressed or implied, relating to these specifications, including without limitation, warranties or merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or satisfactory quality. Without limitation, Telit reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein and to remove any product, without notice.It is possible that this document may contain references to, or information about Telit products, services and programs, that are not available in your region. Such references or information must not be construed to mean that Telit intends to make available such products, services and programs in your area.USE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSThese Specifications (and the products and services contained herein) are proprietary to Telit and its licensors and constitute the intellectual property of Telit (and its licensors). All title and intellectual property rights in and to the Specifications (and the products and services contained herein) is owned exclusively by Telit and its licensors. Other than as expressly set forth herein, no license or other rights in or to the Specifications and intellectual property rights related thereto are granted to you. Nothing in these Specifications shall, or shall be deemed to, convey license or any other right under Telit’s patents, copyright, mask work or other intellectual property rights or the rights of others.You may not, without the express written permission of Telit: (i) copy, reproduce, create derivative works of, reverse engineer, disassemble, decompile, distribute, merge or modify in any manner these Specifications or the products and components described herein; (ii) separate any component part of the products described herein, or separately use any component part thereof on any equipment, machinery, hardware or system; (iii) remove or destroy any proprietary marking or legends placed upon or contained within the products or their components or these Specifications; (iv) develop methods to enable unauthorized parties to use the products or their components; and (v) attempt to reconstruct or discover any source code, underlying ideas, algorithms, file formats or programming or interoperability interfaces of the products or their components by any means whatsoever. No part of these Specifications or any products or components described herein may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, without the prior express written permission of Telit.HIGH RISK MATERIALSComponents, units, or third-party products contained or used with the products described herein are NOT fault-tolerant and are NOT designed, manufactured, or intended for use as on-line control equipment in the following hazardous environments requiring fail-safe controls: the operation of Nuclear Facilities, Aircraft Navigation or Aircraft Communication Systems, Air Traffic Control, Life Support, or Weapons Systems (“High Risk Activities"). Telit, its licensors and its supplier(s) specifically disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for such High Risk Activities. TRADEMARKSYou may not and may not allow others to use Telit or its third party licensors’ trademarks. To the extent that any portion of the products, components and any accompanying documents contain proprietary and confidential notices or legends, you will not remove such notices or legends.THIRD PARTY RIGHTSThe software may include Third Party Right software. In this case you agree to comply with all terms and conditions imposed on you in respect of such separate software. In addition to Third Party Terms, the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provisions in this License shall apply to the Third Party Right software.TELIT HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED FROM ANY THIRD PARTIES REGARDING ANY SEPARATE FILES, ANY THIRD PARTY MATERIALS INCLUDED IN THE SOFTWARE, ANY THIRD PARTY MATERIALS FROM WHICH THE SOFTWARE IS DERIVED (COLLECTIVELY “OTHER CODE”), AND THE USE OF ANY OR ALL THE OTHER CODE IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE, INCLUDING (WITHOUT LIMITATION) ANY WARRANTIES OF SATISFACTORY QUALITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.NO THIRD PARTY LICENSORS OF OTHER CODE SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS), HOWEVER CAUSED AND WHETHER MADE UNDER CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHER LEGAL THEORY, ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OR DISTRIBUTION OF THE OTHER CODE OR THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHTS GRANTED UNDER EITHER OR BOTH THIS LICENSE AND THE LEGAL TERMS APPLICABLE TO ANY SEPARATE FILES, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.Copyright © Telit Communications PLC.CONTENTS1Introduction 6Scope 6Audience 6Contact Information, Support 6List of acronyms 7Text Conventions 81.6.Related Documents 8 2Overview 9 3DVI OVERVIEW 10 4DVI BUS 11DVI PIN LIST 115DVI AT COMMANDS 12AT#DVI 12AT#DVIEXT 136DVI Setting Examples 15Normal (I2S) Mode 16Module is Master 16Configure the module in Master/Normal (I2S) Mode (DVI Bus) 16 Configure the codec in Slave/Normal (I2S) Mode (I2C Bus) 17 7Annex 19I2S Bus Overview 19Schematic 208Document History 21Revisions 211 INTRODUCTIONScopeThe present document provides the reader with a guideline concerning the setting and use of the Digital Voice Interface developed on the Telit’s LE866 modules shown in the Applicability Table.This Application Note covers the configurations of the Digital Voice Interface, e.g.: the selections of the voice sampling frequency, the bit number of the voice sample, the audio formats, etc. In addition, the document shows some configurations of a popular Audio Codec connected to the module. These activities are accomplished via I2S and I2C buses; the hardware characteristics of the two buses are beyond the scope of the document.AudienceThe document is intended for those users that need to develop applications dealing with signal voice in digital format.Contact Information, SupportFor general contact, technical support services, technical questions and report documentation errors contact Telit Technical Support at:*******************************************************Alternatively, use:/supportFor detailed information about where you can buy the Telit modules or for recommendations on accessories and components visit:Our aim is to make this guide as helpful as possible. Keep us informed of your comments and suggestions for improvements.Telit appreciates feedback from the users of our information.List of acronymsAcronym DescriptionTTSC Telit Technical Support CentreUSB Universal Serial BusDVI Digital Voice InterfaceDTE Data Terminal EquipmentLTE Long Term EvolutionI2C Inter-Integrated CircuitI2S Inter-IC SoundMSB Most Significant BitSIM Subscriber Identification ModuleADC Analog – Digital ConverterDAC Digital – Analog ConverterI/O Input OutputGPIO General Purpose Input OutputCMOS Complementary Metal – Oxide Semiconductor CLK ClockCS Chip SelectRTC Real Time ClockPCB Printed Circuit BoardESR Equivalent Series ResistanceVSWR Voltage Standing Wave RadioVNA Vector Network AnalyzerText ConventionsDanger – This information MUST be followed or catastrophic equipment failureor bodily injury may occur.Caution or Warning – Alerts the user to important points about integrating themodule, if these points are not followed, the module and end user equipmentmay fail or malfunction.Tip or Information – Provides advice and suggestions that may be useful whenintegrating the module.All dates are in ISO 8601 format, i.e. YYYY-MM-DD.1.6. Related Documents∙LE866 HW User Guide 1VV0301210∙LE866 AT Commands Reference Guide 80471ST10691A∙Telit EVK2 User Guide 1vv0300704∙MAX9867 Ultra-Low Power Stereo Audio Codec documentation ref to MAXIM2 OVERVIEWThe aim of this document is the description of some hardware solutions useful for developing a product with the Telit LE866 module.In this document all the basic functions of a mobile phone will be taken into account; for each one of them a proper hardware solution will be suggested and eventually the wrong solutions and common errors to be avoided will be evidenced. Obviously this document cannot embrace the whole hardware solutions and products that may be designed. The wrong solutions to be avoided shall be considered as mandatory, while the suggested hardware configurations shall not be considered mandatory, instead the information given shall be used as a guide and a starting point for properly developing your product with the Telit LE866 module. For further hardware details that may not be explained in this document refer to the Telit LE866 Product Description document where all the hardware information is reported.NOTICE:(EN) The integration of the LTE LE866 cellular module within user applicationshall be done according to the design rules described in this manual.(IT) L’integrazione del modulo cellulare LTE LE866all’interno dell’applicazionedell’utente dovrà rispettare le indicazioni progettuali descritte in questomanuale.(DE) Die Integration des LE866 LTE Mobilfunk-Moduls in ein Gerät mußgemäß der in diesem Dokument beschriebenen Kunstruktionsregeln erfolgen.(SL) Integracija LTE LE866 modula v uporabniški aplikaciji bo moralaupoštevati projektna navodila, opisana v tem priročniku.(SP) La utilización del modulo LTE LE866 debe ser conforme a los usos paralos cuales ha sido deseñado descritos en este manual del usuario.(FR) L’intégration du module cellulaire LTE LE866 dans l’application del’utilisateur sera faite selon les règles de conception décrites dans ce manuel.(HE)LE866The information presented in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Telit Communications S.p.A. for its use, nor any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent rights of Telit Communications S.p.A. other than for circuitry embodied in Telit products. This document is subject to change without notice.3 DVI OVERVIEWBefore dealing with the configuration and technical aspects of the Telit’s Digital Voice Interface (DVI) it is useful to illustrate briefly how this interface can be used, refer to fig. 1.The voice coming from the downlink, in digital format, is captured by the dedicated software running on the Telit’s module and directed to t he Digital Voice Interface. The Audio Codec decodes the voice and sends it to the speaker. The voice captured by the microphone is coded by the Audio Codec and directed through the Digital Voice Interface to the module that collects the received voice, in digital format, and sends it on the uplink.fig. 1: Example of Digital Voice Interface UseNOTE:The Digital Voice Interface supports the Echo canceller functionality, which is beyond the scope of the present document. Refer to the AT Commands specification for the specific AT commands.Audio CodecTelit ModuleDigital Voice InterfaceUplinkDownlink4DVI BUSDVI PIN LISTThe physical DVI interface provided by the Telit’s modules is based on the standard I2S Bus. An overview of the standard I2S Bus is described in chapter 6.1.The following Table summarizes the DVI signals and a short description for each one of them; refer to Telit Hardware User Guide, in accordance with the used module, to have information on electrical characteristics and signals pin-out.The figures below show the two configurations of the DVI interface relating to the Word Alignment and Clock signals. When the module is Master the Clock and Word Alignment signals (also called Word Alignment Output WAO) are generated by the module itself, otherwise, when it is Slave, both signals are generated by the connected Audio Device Codec.In general, before establishing a voice call it is possible to select one of the two configurations and in accordance with the selected setting, configure the module and the codec via the AT commands described in At User Guide.The next pages describe the use of these AT commands.fig. 2: Master and Slave ConfigurationsSignal Function Description DVI_CLK ClockData ClockDVI_WAO Word Alignment Frame Synchronism DVI_RX Serial audio data input Received Data DVI_TX Serial audio data outputTransmitted Data5 DVI AT COMMANDSSeveral DVI audio bus configurations are available via AT#DVI and AT#DVIEXT commands. The tables in the following sub-sections summarize their parameters; refer to the AT Commands User Guide for the syntax details.AT#DVIThe DVI signals are Alternate functions of GPIOs 1, 2, 3 and 4.The AT#DVI command enables/disables the DVI interface, selects the DVI port, and sets the module in Master or Slave configuration. The table below shows the AT command parameters values.NOTE:<mode> =2 and <clockmode>=0 not supported on LE866AT#DVI =<mode>,<dviport>,<clockmode><mode><dviport><clockmode>0: disable DVI interface, factory setting 1: enable DVI interface 2: reserved 2: select DVI port 2, factory setting0: DVI slave1: DVI master, factory settingAT#DVIEXTAT#DVIEXT command sets the module in Normal or Burst DVI Audio Format:∙ In Normal DVI Audio Format the WAO signal defines the left and right audio channel. ∙ In Burst DVI Audio Format the WAO signal defines the beginning of the audio frame.The following table shows the AT command parameters values.Tab. 1: DVI Audio Format configuration via AT#DVIEXT commandNOTE:The preferred setting for LE866 is AT#DVIEXT=1,1,1 Please avoid using #DVIEXT command when a call is activeAT#DVIEXT <config>,<samplerate>,<samplewidth>,<audiomode>,<edge>DVI Audio Format (mode)<config><samplerate><samplewidth><audiomode><edge> Normal (I2S) 1(factory setting)0: 8 [KHz] sample rate1: 16 [KHz] sample rate 0: 8 bits per sample1: 16 bits per sample0: Mono Mode0: data is transmitted on the falling edge of the clock and sampled on its rising edge, factory setting.1: data is transmitted on the rising edge of the clock and sampled on its falling edge. Burst (PCM)0: 8 [KHz] sample rate factory setting1: 16 [KHz] sample rate0: 8 bits per sample1: 16 bit per sampledon’t care if the <edge> value is 1 or 0, data isalways transmitted on the rising edge of the clock and sampled on its falling edge6 DVI SETTING EXAMPLESThe next chapters show examples concerning the audio formats supported by the DVI audio bus in Master and Slave configurations. All the following setting examples are performed using the hardware configuration shown in fig. 3. I2C bus is used to configure the MAX9867 Codec: the user by means of AT commands can control the codec. The DVI bus provides the voice connection between the two devices.fig. 3: Telit Module/Codec ConnectionsThe setting examples are organized as shown in the figure below.fig. 4: DVI ConfigurationsNOTE:The examples use the MAX9867 Codec, see chapter 6.2 for a schematic reference design. In general, the user can use any codec compliant with the technical requirements of the used module.Normal ModeBurst ModeAudio Format ModeModule MasterModule SlaveModule MasterModule SlaveNormal (I2S) ModeModule is MasterIn this configuration the WAO and CLK signals are generated by the module. The WAO signal defines the frame of the two audio channels: left and right, refer to fig. 5. The BitClockFrequency (CLK) is provided by the following expression:eRate AudioSampl ber ChannelNum t DataWordBi equency BitClockFr ⨯⨯=The BitClockFrequency values are shown in Tab. 4.Tab. 2: BitClockFrequency generated by the module in Master/Normal ModeHere are the lists of AT commands used to set the module in Master/Normal (I2S) Mode, andconfigure the codec in accordance with the module setting. The meanings of the used parameters values are described after each commandConfigure the module in Master/Normal (I2S) Mode (DVI Bus)AT#DVI=1,2,1 OK 1 enable DVI interface 2 use DVI port 2 1 set the module as Master (factory setting)Setting for BitClockFrequency = 512 KHzAT#DVIEXT=1,1,1,0,0 OK 1 Normal Mode 1 sample rate 16 KHz 1 16 bits per sample 0 Mono 0 data is transmitted on the falling edge of clock and sampled on the rising edge<samplewidth>DataWordBitAudio ChannelsAudioSampleRate8 KHz16 KHz0 8 2 128 256 1162256512Configure the codec in Slave/Normal (I2S) Mode (I2C Bus)AT#I2CWR=X,Y,30,4,19>00109000100A330000330C0C09092424400060OKX GPIO number used as SDA, refer to AT User GuideY GPIO number used as SCL, refer to AT User Guide30 Device address on I2C, refer to MAX9867 documentation4 Register address from which start the writing, refer to MAX9867 documentation 19 number of bytes to write>00109000….. refer to MAX9867 documentationAT#I2CWR=X,Y,30,17,1>8AOKX GPIO number used as SDA, refer to AT User GuideY GPIO number used as SCL, refer to AT User Guide30 Device address on I2C, refer to MAX9867 documentation17 Register address where write data, refer to MAX9867 documentation1 number of bytes to write>8A refer to MAX9867 documentationThe fig. 5 shows the screenshot of the timing diagram, captured by a logic analyzer, using the above described module/codec setting. The CLK (512 KHz) and WAO signals are generated by the module, data is transmitted on the rising edge of clock and sampled on the falling edge.Left channel:: Data transitions occur on the rising edge of the CLK: Data are latched on the falling edge of the CLKRight channel:: Data transitions occur on the rising edge of the CLK: Data are latched on the falling edge of the CLKfig. 3: Module is Master/Normal mode/16 bits per sample/Mono/<edge> = 07ANNEXI 2S Bus OverviewThis chapter provides a short description of the standard I2S bus. This standard suitably modified is used by the DVI interface implemented on the Telit modules.The standard I2S is an electrical serial bus designed for connecting digital audio devices. This popular serial bus has been developed by Philips® in 1986 as a 3-wire bus for interfacing to audio chips such as codecs. It is a simple data interface, without any form of address or device selection.Refer to fig. 9: the I2S design handles audio data separately from clock signals. On an I2S bus, there is only one bus master and one transmitter.In high-quality audio applications involving a codec, the codec is typically the master so that it has precise control over the I2S bus clock.An I2S bus design consists of the following serial bus lines: • SD: Serial Data • WS:Word Select • Serial Clock:SCKThe I2S bus carries two channels (left and right) 8 bit long, which are typically used to carry stereo audio data streams. The data alternates between left and right channels, as controlled by the word select signal driven by the bus master.fig. 4: I2S Bus Configurationsword select WSdata SDword select WS data SDSchematicA schematic example of an interface between a Telit Module and the MAX9867 Codec could be the following:LE866 DIGITAL VOICE INTERFACE APPLICATION NOTE80471NT11521A Rev.0 • 2017-01-1621 of 22Reproduction forbidden without Telit Communications S.p.A. written authorization – All Rights Reserved 8DOCUMENT HISTORYRevisions RevisionDate Changes 02017-01-16 Initial Version。

iPhone15会全系使用A17芯片吗_苹果iPhone15系列尺寸

iPhone15会全系使用A17芯片吗_苹果iPhone15系列尺寸

iPhone15会全系使用A17芯片吗_苹果iPhone15系列尺寸iPhone15会全系使用A17芯片吗iPhone 14系列,只有Pro 系列采用了全新的A16 芯片,iPhone 14 系列仍然继续使用 A15 芯片。

尽管与此前的iPhone 13 系列相比,在 GPU 性能方面有所提升,但因为成本等问题,iPhone 14系列只有部分采用了最新芯片。

传闻称九月发布的iPhone 15 系列将引入全新的 A17 芯片,苹果今年会延续以往的策略吗?A17初期将采用N3B工艺,据说是专门为苹果设计的,苹果独享,对比N5工艺全方位提升,但缺点是成本高、良率低。

所以iPhone 15系列苹果可能会延续以往的策略,为不同系列的 iPhone 配备不同的芯片。

iPhone 15 Pro、iPhone 15 Pro Max首发将使用的A17;iPhone 15、iPhone 15 Plus则继续使用A16,这种差异化的处理器配置也有助于满足不同用户对手机性能的需求。

苹果今年发布的 iPhone 15 Pro 和 iPhone 15 Pro Max 中将使用 A17 芯片,明年发布的 iPhone 16 标准版也将使用 A17 芯片。

但两代 A17 芯片属于两个版本,存在根本性不同。

今年亮相的 A17 芯片预计将成为苹果首款采用 3nm 工艺制造的芯片,与A14、A15 和 A16 芯片所使用的 5nm 技术相比,性能和效率将得到重大改进。

这一代 A17 芯片使用的是台积电的 N3B 工艺,但苹果计划在明年将 A17 切换到 N3E 工艺。

而 N3E 工艺被认为是 N3B 工艺的简化版,此举是苹果采取的一项削减成本的措施,但可能会以降低能效为代价。

苹果iPhone15系列尺寸重量曝光据数码博主最新发布的信息显示,与此前曝光的消息基本一致,全新的iPhone 15系列依旧将推出四款机型,入门版的iPhone 15的尺寸为147.6_71.6_7.8mm,重171g,与iPhone 14相似;但两个Pro版本的长度、宽度都比14 Pro、14 Pro Max有所缩减,但厚度有所增加。

济宁商用车-山东蓬翔-440系列配件明细表-2019-5-25

济宁商用车-山东蓬翔-440系列配件明细表-2019-5-25
Q150B1440T Q150B1435T
Q40314 3530010D0202A 3530020D0202A 3530010B0075A 3530020B0075A 3530010D0234A W2401065F49D
Q62104 CQ61806 Q43134 Q5006035 W3502053D01A W3502054D01A 3502157-01 3502156-1H-PL 3502210D0029A 3502220D0229A 3501205A0048A W3502210D01A W3502220D01A W3502022D01A 3502158B00010 W3502037D01A W3502033D01A
2912446-242 Q151B1435T
Q40314 2402010A0202M 2402010A0202L 2402010A0202J 2402010A0202G 2402010A0202F 2402010A0202E 2402010A0202D 2402010A0202C 2402010A0204M 2402010A0204L 2402010A0204J 2402010A0204G 2402010A0204F 2402010A0204E 2402010A0204D 2402010A0204C 2402010A0256M 2402010A0256L 2402010A0256J 2402010A0256G 2402010A0256F 2402010A0256E 2402010A0256D 2402010A0256C 3502130D0113A 3502135D0113A 3530125B00010 3503130B00010 3502130D0234A 3502135D0234A
所属部分 序号 1 2 3

诺基亚蓝牙耳机 BH-112 说明书

诺基亚蓝牙耳机 BH-112 说明书
请勿将电池掷入火中,以免电池爆炸。 请按当地规定处理电池。 请在可能的 情况下回收电池。 不可将电池作为生活垃圾处理。
不要将充电器挪作它用。 使用不当或使用未经认可的充电器可能存在引发火 灾、爆炸或发生其他危险的风险,还可能违反对手机的认可或保修条款。 如 果您确信已破损,请在继续使用前将其送至维修中心进行检测。 切勿使用受 损的充电器。 只能在室内使用充电器。
5
将耳机与手机配对并建立连接 在使用耳机之前,您必须将耳机与兼容手机配对并将耳机连接至该兼容手机。 1 要关闭耳机,请按住 2 秒钟。 2 将手机打开以进行配对。 3 如果耳机以前未与任何手机配对,或者您已清除了手机配对,请打开耳
机。 如果耳机曾经与另一部手机配对,请按住 5 秒钟。 配对模式就会启动,绿色指示灯开始快速闪烁。 请按照语音提示操作。 4 在 3 分钟内,在手机上启动蓝牙功能,使其搜索蓝牙设备。 有关详情,请 参见该手机的用户手册。 5 从找到的设备列表中选择本耳机。 6 如果需要,输入密码 0000。 耳机可以与 8 部兼容手机配对,但最多只能同时连接两部手机。 在某些手机中,您可能需要在配对后单独建立连接。 佩戴耳机 要利用耳挂来佩戴耳机,请将耳挂安装到耳机上。 要取下耳挂,请将其从耳 机上轻轻拉出。
诺基亚蓝牙耳机 BH-112 用户手册 第 1.1 版
2 简介 关于耳机 借助诺基亚蓝牙耳机 BH-112,即便您同时使用两台移动设备,也可以实现免 提通话。 本产品的表面不含镍。
警告: 本产品可能包含一些微小部件。 请将其放置在儿童接触不到的地方。 本产品的某些部件具有磁性。 金属材料可能会吸附到本产品上。 请勿使信用 卡或其他磁性存储介质靠近本产品,以免因消磁而丢失其所储存的信息。 使用产品前,请仔细阅读本用户手册。 此外,还应阅读与本产品相连设备的 用户手册。 关于蓝牙连接 您可以使用蓝牙与其他兼容设备 (如移动设备) 建立无线连接。 设备之间不必在直接视线范围内,但它们之间的距离必须在 10 米 (33 英尺) 以内。 连接可能会受到障碍物的干扰,如墙壁或其他电子设备。

Y-11产品手册说明书

Y-11产品手册说明书

Y-C17产品手册电子元件和电路对静电放电很敏感,虽然本公司在设计电路板卡产品时会对板卡上的主要接口做防静电保护设计,但很难对所有元件及电路做到防静电安全防护。

因此在处理任何电路板组件时,建议遵守防静电安全保护措施。

防静电安全保护措施包括但不限于以下几点:运输、存储过程中应将板卡放在防静电袋中,直至安装部署时再拿出板卡。

在身体接触板卡之前应将身体内寄存的静电释放掉:佩戴放电接地腕带。

仅在静电放电安全区域内操作电路板卡。

避免在铺有地毯的区域搬移电路板。

通过板边接触来避免直接接触板卡上的电子元件。

目录1 产品介绍 (5)1.1 产品特性 (5)1.2 订货信息 (6)2 对外接口功能及位置 (7)2.1 功能连接器 (8)2.2 LED指示灯 (8)3 安装与使用 (9)3.1 安装效果图 (9)3.2 板卡使用方法 (9)4 板卡接口定义描述 (10)4.1 核心模块接口(J1) (10)4.2 Type-C 连接器(J2) (10)4.3 电源输出接口(J3) (10)4.4 PSDK信号连接器(J4) (10)4.5 Type-C 连接器(J5) (11)4.6 M Key M.2扩展接口(J6) (12)4.7 B key M.2连接器扩展接口(J7) (13)4.8 SIM卡连接器(J8) (13)4.9 Mini PCI 连接器(J9) (14)4.10 MIPI CSI连接器(J10) (15)4.11 调试串口UART2插针(J11) (16)4.12 多功能拓展连接器(J12) (16)4.14 供电DC连接器(J15) (17)4.15 RTC电池输入连接器(J16) (17)1 产品介绍Y-C17是适配搭载Jetson Xavier NX/ Orin NX / Orin Nano 模块的接口载板。

全板器件均采用宽温工业级型号,主要接口进行了静电安全保护设计,采用了高可靠性的电源应用方案,输入电源具有过压与反极性保护功能,具有丰富的对外接口。

NI PXI PXIe-2527 32 × 1 多路复用器电路板说明书

NI PXI PXIe-2527 32 × 1 多路复用器电路板说明书

Input Characteristics
All input characteristics are DC, A otherwise specified.
Maximum switching voltage Channel-to-channel.....................300 V Channel-to-ground ......................300 V, CAT I
Topologies ...................................... 1-wire 64 × 1 multiplexer, 1-wire dual 32 × 1 multiplexer, 2-wire 32 × 1 multiplexer, 2-wire dual 16 × 1 multiplexer, 4-wire 16 × 1 multiplexer, Independent
Refer to the NI Switches Help for detailed topology information.
Caution To ensure the specified EMC performance, operate this product only with shielded cables and accessories.
Caution When hazardous voltages (>42.4 Vpk/60 VDC) are present on any relay terminal, safety low-voltage (≤42.4 Vpk/60 VDC) cannot be connected to any other relay terminal.

Axon pCLAMP 11 Software Suite说明书

Axon pCLAMP 11 Software Suite说明书

KEY FEATURES• P rogram advanced experimental protocols with enhanced Protocol Editor • A nalyze data more accurately with new Population Spike and Action Potential Analyses • A ccelerate your results with the new Automated Event Detection and Batch Data Analysis Macros in the new Clampfit AdvancedAnalysis ModuleFlexible data acquisition, smart data analysisThe Axon™ pCLAMP™ Software Suite from Molecular Devices is the most widely-used electrophysiology data acquisition and analysis program for control andrecording of voltage-clamp, current-clamp, and patch-clamp experiments. The Axon pCLAMP 11 Software Suite consists of Clampex 11 Software for data acquisition, AxoScope 11 Software for background recording, Clampfit 11 Software for dataanalysis, and now the new optional Clampfit Advanced Analysis Module for a more sophisticated and streamlined analysis.Clampex 11 Software:flexible electrophysiology data acquisitionThe focus of the Axon pCLAMP 11 Software Suite is to provide users with greater flexibility in controlling acquisition of electrophysiology data. The previousClampex 10 version already has a powerful built-in feature set including flexible Protocol Editor, Membrane T est, P/N leak subtraction, User List and Sequencing Keys, etc. InClampex 11, we enhance this flexibility even more with a new Protocol Editor featuring an increased number of Epochs and increased sweep duration in Episodic Stimulationacquisition mode. Gap-free mode isgreatly improved with the ability to execute episodic-style Epochs and programming of digital and analog outputs. The new Membrane T est in Clampex 11 now allows viewing of multiple channels simultaneously. Independent voltage output at different stage configurations is enabled in each recorded cell. These new features provide Clampex 11 Software unparalleled ease-of-use, which makes it the software-of-choice for controlling experiments.Episodic and continuous recording modesClampex 11 Software is a superior program for stimulating cellular preparations in a sweep-oriented “episodic” mode. Stimulus waveforms can be created from a variety of sources, such as the Protocol Editor in Clampex 11 Software, pCLAMP Software ABF data files, and ASCII text files. The new Protocol Editor (Fig. 1) has been enhanced to allow 50 Epochs in episodic stimulation, and the maximum sweep duration has been extended to 516 seconds at 10 KHz sampling. Gap-free recording (Fig. 2) now features the ability to execute waveforms as well as the ability to program analogand digital output signals. Standard protocol patterns include steps, ramps, cosines, trains of pulses (biphasic), sinusoidal, or triangular patterns. Waveform stimulation utilizes a variety of timing and triggering aids, including software protocol controls and sequencing, hardware, software, and manual triggering options. Clampex 11 Software supports eight digital output bits during sweeps and eight simultaneous waveforms when used with the Digidata® 1550B digitizer. Advanced “split-clock” capability allows users to shift the sampling rate on a per-Epoch basis during sweeps, such as slowly changing conditioning or recovery phases of cell stimulation. For ease-of-use, all protocol durations aredefined in terms of time and sampling rates in terms of frequencies.For continuous recording, four different modes are available.Gap-free recording is a simple continuous “chart-recorder”recording mode useful for monitoring single channel events, minis,and other spontaneous activity. New in Clampex 11, users can nowexecute protocol-editor-style Epochs and program digital or analogoutputs in Gap-free recording. Fixed- and Variable-Length EventDetection modes are suitable for recording spontaneous eventsof regular length or varying length that are separated by longperiods of inactivity. The high-speed oscilloscope mode works likea storage oscilloscope to capture triggered fixed-length sweepsof data. By providing all of these recording modes, Clampex 11Software provides the functionality necessary for a variety of simpleand complex experimental protocols.Filtering and corrections to dataClampex 11 Software can be used to offset voltage level differencesbetween connected instruments, correct liquid junction potentialerrors arising from ionic solutions, compensate passive leakcurrents with P/N leak subtraction, or reduce high-frequency noisespikes and slow baseline drift with highpass and lowpass filtering.Clampex 11 Software works to compensate for a wide variety ofintroduced noise sources. Amplifier gain and filter settings for theAxoclamp™ 900A and MultiClamp™ 700B microelectrode amplifiersare software-telegraphed so microelectrode amplifier settingsare stored with the data. With Clampex 11 Software, the latestBNC-telegraphed amplifiers are also supported.Cell monitoringThe Membrane T est window (Fig. 3) in Clampex 11 Software allowsexperimenters to monitor pipette resistance in the bath, formationof high-resistance seals between a cell and a pipette, and tomeasure cell capacitance (Cm), membrane resistance (Rm), andaccess resistance (Ra). In Clampex 11, Membrane T est has beengreatly enhanced. When using multiple channels, all MembraneT est channels will be displayed on a window simultaneously,allowing experimenters to view the status of each channel in oneview. Independent voltage output at different stage configurationsis enabled in each recorded cell. These features allow an entireexperiment to be recorded in a single file while simultaneouslymonitoring crucial cell parameters in real time.Online analysisT o analyze data in real-time, the Clampex 11 Software featuresonline analysis. With online analysis, multiple regions can besimultaneously analyzed by an extensive set of peak-basedmeasurements, such as peak amplitude, area, mean, and standarddeviation. Measurement regions can be adjusted in real time forLTP experiments. Several measurements, such as half-width, riseand decay times, and rise and decay slopes, are useful for cardiacanalyses. Measurements are displayed in their own windows, anddifferent trace colors are used to identify each search region tosimplify interpretation.Sequencing KeysSequencing Keys control the setup and timing of operations,including loading protocols, recording data, setting analog and/or digital holding levels, running the Membrane T est, insertingcomments into the Lab Book and data file, and linking to the nextoperation. By using Sequencing Keys, complex experiments caneasily be automated, providing a powerful way to link the actions ofan entire experiment.Figure 1. The enhanced Protocol Editor is shown here.Figure 3. A screenshot of the Membrane Test.Figure 2. A screenshot of the Gap-free mode.Clampfit 11 Software: smart data preparationand analysisThe Clampfit 11 Software offers dedicated functions to quickly prepare and analyze data. Noise can be removed from signals using highpass, lowpass, and bandpass filters with Bessel, Butterworth, Chebyshev, Gaussian, or RC responses. Specialized notch and electrical interference filters can be used to remove specific noise frequencies and harmonics from recorded signals. Several different methods are available to adjust the baselines of recordings: constant values or averages can be subtracted fromall points of the recording, linear drifting baselines can be adjusted by applying a slope correction, or, for unstable baselines, a manual correction using a poly-line can be applied. Additional data analysis functions are averaging, normalization, control subtraction, and peak alignment.Data analysisIncluded with Clampfit 11 Software is a comprehensive paletteof tools for analyzing and graphing electrophysiological data.For curve fitting, users can select from 37 pre-defined functionsor define their own. Fits can be customized by selecting fitting methods and applying fitting seeds, models can be comparedwith different terms, and fits can be extrapolated to view curves, components, residuals, taus, etc. Specialized analysis tools include Fast Fourier Transform, Variance-Mean analysis, Perievent analysis, Burst analysis, and other statistical analyses. T o display results and data, a range of graph types are available in theGraph windows. Graphs are dynamically linked to their Results window so any manipulations made in the Results window updates the corresponding data in the Graph window. Numerous peak statistics can be directly measured. In this latest version, experimenters can select 24 separate regions of interest as wellas a baseline region, thus enabling the analysis of complex data. Online statistics can be recreated during offline review, eliminating the need to save separate statistics files during acquisition.A power spectrum (FFT) for noise analysis can be applied to individual, averaged, or segmented spectra and produces a log-scaled graph of the results. Standard auto and cross-correlation analyses provide the means to compare data for patterns withinor across populations. For synaptic modulation studies, the V-M analysis in Clampfit 11 Software provides a robust method forpre-/post-synaptic site identification.Event detection analysisClampfit 11 Software has extremely flexible event detection that analyzes spontaneous and evoked action potentials and post-synaptic data. Events are detected by either crossing a threshold or through a pattern-matching T emplate Search. T emplate Searches are designed for analyzing spontaneous events, such as miniature synaptic EPSPs and IPSPs. These events vary in amplitude but not shape, and thus are ideal for detection by the Clampfit 11 Software scalable shape-based algorithm. For added flexibility, multiple categories of events can be simultaneously detected and sorted for secondary analysis. The integrated environment of Clampfit 11 Software links the detected events in the data to the spreadsheet and graph windows to enable quick evaluation of the information within the context of the entire dataset. Single-channel analysisThe Clampfit 11 Software single-channel analysis allows full processing of up to 1 million events on continuous and episodic data. Open, closed and sub-conductance states of ion channels in natural or artificial membranes are detected and measured. Up to eight levels of open states are supported.An adjustment for baseline drift can be automatically applied, and an idealized record of the channel activity created. Amplitude and dwell-time histogram plots, including log and cumulative plots, can be created. Clampfit 11 Software also has specialized analyses, such as P(open), burst analysis, latency analysis, evoked response analysis, and nonstationary fluctuation analysis to estimate channel conductance.Spreadsheet analysisPrimary analysis results populate a spreadsheet where secondary analyses can be performed. These results can be analyzed within Clampfit 11 Software or exported to Microsoft Excel for further analysis. The secondary analyses available within Clampfit 11 Software are analysis of variance, F-test, Chi-squared, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, rank correlations, and Student’s t-T est. Graphing secondary data can be as easy as selecting a data column and clicking on the Create Graph button. Available graphing options include line, scatter and various histogram plots (e.g., normalized, frequency, log [square root] and cumulative).Clampfit Advanced Analysis ModuleThe Clampfit Advanced Analysis Module is a set of tools that expands the capabilities of Clampfit to combine powerful analyses with ease-of-use. Data analysis has traditionally been a bottleneck in the patch-clamp experimentation workflow. The Batch Analysis Macros within the Clampfit Advanced Analysis Module solvethis problem by applying automation principals to analyze similar data sets. Additionally, the Clampfit Advanced Analysis Module has specialized algorithms to extend the capabilities of Event Detection. Use the enhanced Automated Event Detection to eliminate the need for cumbersome third-party data analysis packages and go from data acquisition to results quickly and easily, in one simple-to-use software, without data file conversion. Automated Event DetectionThe Clampfit Advanced Analysis module provides an enhancement to the already-sophisticated Automated Event Detection engine built into Clampfit. Simply load your data file in Clampfit and highlight the portion of your data file to search. AutomatedEvent Detection will identify events based on user-defined parameters. Event detection has been enhanced to provide automated detection and measurement of population spikes and paired pulses. During detection, programmatically-determined measurements can be edited by graphically repositioning the peaks and end points of the events. If included in an optionally specified search region, stimulus artifacts are automatically detected and used to determine latency times. Multiple spike responses and paired pulse data are processed with no additional set-up requirements.Contact UsPhone: +1-800-635-5577Web: Email: ***************Check our website for a current listing of worldwide distributors.The trademarks used herein are the property of Molecular Devices, LLC or their respective owners. Specifications subject to change without notice. Patents: /productpatents FOR RESEARCH USE ONL Y. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES. ©2017 Molecular Devices, LLC 11/17 2155A Printed in USAAction potential detection and measurement has beenconsiderably enhanced and assigned to a separate detection option which allows for the selective measurement of all action potential properties such as rise and decay times, thresholdpotentials, after-potentials duration and amplitude, and many more.Population Spike AnalysisPopulation spike recordings (Fig. 4) and paired-pulse experiments, while simple to collect, have traditionally been difficult to analyze. That changes with the Advanced Analysis Module in Clampfit 11. The Population Spike Analysis tool uses interface where the experimenter can choose the direction of the spike and specify the area to be analyzed. This tool will automatically calculate the amplitude, area under the curve, half-width, rise time, decay time, rise slope, decay slope, coastline of population spikes, and paired-pulses. These values will be populated in the Result sheet where they can be used for downstream analysis.batch analysis, simply turn on the macro capture feature, analyze your data, and save the macro. When you have additional data to analyze which have been collected with the same protocol, simply apply the saved macro and your data is analyzed automatically.*Supports all previous versions in a model line.Action Potential AnalysisAction Potential Analysis uses the Automated Event Detection engine to detect all action potentials in the data file. The Action Potential Analysis tool then automatically analyzes the data file determining the amplitude, APD90, rise time, decay time, rise slope, decay slope, peak-to-peak frequency, peak-to-peak time, change in amplitude per peak, afterpotential amplitude, afterpotential duration, and threshold potential. The ActionPotential Analysis tool can also be used analyze action potential pulse train with the same ease.Batch Data Analysis MacrosThe Clampfit Advanced Analysis Module contains a Batch Data Analysis Macro (Fig. 5) that allows experimenters to apply macros to analyze acquired data. Batch analysis saves time by analyzing abundant amounts of data created by the same protocol. Just set up your analysis once and apply it to newly-acquired data. T o useFigure 4. A screenshot of the Population Spike Analysis.Figure 5. A screenshot of the Batch Data Analysis Macros.。

基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究

基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究

基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究!!所!俊 徐!飞 唐斯密 王虹斌!海军研究院"北京!!$$!(!#摘要!水下排气产生的气泡尺度参数对隔声效果存在影响$本文针对水下气体排放过程中的动力学特点"根据单位面积流量相等设计准则"建立水下气体二维排放方程"得到水下气体二维排放装置开孔位置及几何参数的解析表达式$建立有限元模型"比较均匀分布和定孔距变孔径分布两种开孔模式"通过循环水槽试验对排气效果进行验证$仿真计算和试验结果表明"定孔距变孔径分布模式能够有效控制气泡尺度参数分布"对增强气泡隔声效果更有利$关键词!水下排气&二维&孔径分布&隔声中图分类号 )(("-"文献标志码*文章编号 "$'+,"',!"$"&#$$,$$.!"# !$-!"$.,'/001-"$'+,"',-"$"&-$%-!!14B !;"-G -!%(<'4%(6<"Z !#7%-&#"-'/N O *'B &4U %-4J "!%3'&%!"-I #&4(#9B 4#"-"0D #O %!P (#0#)%12')#-,'-!U '(#'9/%P (#0#)%8(%'G )Zg ?9;r )a 07;D *45G 7O 7;6*453/9:J 79E F &7&?V $8$&'A 2S *8(/(.($0C $/D /*3!;;!P !0=2/*&F 89&4(')4!D H 0L S A K 0I A N A O 010N L/@J ?J J K 0L I N /8?S 08J P ?980N M A 10N0h H A ?L 179@K ?09S 01H 00@@0S 1/@1H 0A S /?L 17S 79L ?K A 17/9R *S S /N 879:1/1H 08P 9A O 7S S H A N A S 10N 7L 17S L 791H 0I N /S 0L L /@?980N M A 10N :A L 0h H A ?L 1A 981H 080L 7:9S N 710N 7A /@0e ?A K @K /M I 0N ?971A N 0A ;1H 01M /X 87O 09L 7/9A K 0h H A ?L 10e ?A 17/9/@?980N M A 10N :A L 7L 0L 1A J K 7L H 08R D H 0A 9A K P 17S A K 0h I 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17/9=!引!言随着人类开发海洋活动范围的不断扩大"工业装备在改造海洋过程中产生的噪声污染日益受到广泛关注$加大水下装备噪声治理"对海洋水体环境和生态系统的健康发展具有重要意义+!,$在水下装备噪声治理方面"气泡幕发生装置可在海水中形成含有大量尺寸不同气泡的气幕"对水下噪声具有很强的衰减和屏蔽作用+","被广泛应用于水系疏浚+&,%水下钻孔爆破+%%+,%声学驱鱼隔离+(,等领域的声学控制$气泡幕中的气泡形态对声学控制效果影响显著+,,$在气泡形成过程中"气泡所处环境的压力%温度及气体成分会影响气泡辐射声压和形态+.,$当气泡受激共振时"其散射截面是其几何截面的!$$$倍以上$对于气泡群这样的多体强散射体"当气液体积浓度大于!$v ,时"气泡间的多次散射!作者简介(所俊!!',()!#"男"博士"高级工程师"主要从事舰船论证设计方面的研究$W X O A 7K (O N L ?/"!(&-S /O $第!$卷!第%期!"$"&年!"月海洋工程装备与技术Z [W *4W 45C 4W W \C 45W >)C ]^W 4D*4<D W [34Z B Z 5_`/K -!$"4/-%<0S -""$"&第%期所俊"等(基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究*,!!*!不可忽略+',$几十年来"许多学者对此问题进行过大量深入分析研究"并得出多体多次散射会导致气泡群阻尼系数大幅增大的结论+!$,$气泡幕中气泡声阻尼的实验结果也表明"单个理想气泡的声阻尼远小于气泡幕中的每个气泡的平均声阻尼"气泡群的多体多次散射是增大气泡群声衰减量的主要原因+!!,$由于气泡在生成后的上浮速度会在几十毫秒内进入稳定的平衡速度"且一定半径范围内的气泡平衡速度近似相等+!",$所以"可以假定"气泡在竖直方向上分布均匀$在实际情况下"可认为气泡幕中不同大小的气泡在空间位置上均匀分布"但其粒径大小却有其自身特有的分布规律"对声阻尼及衰减特性有显著影响+!&,$为了能够得到预设的气泡尺寸及分布规律"需要对气泡幕发生装置进行优化设计$本文在分析气泡幕尺寸分布对声衰减影响规律的基础上"开展气泡幕发生装置开孔规律理论分析"通过仿真和试验验证的方式"比较均匀分布和定孔距变孔径分布方案的量化效果$>!气泡幕声衰减模型及对声传播的影响!-!!气泡谱分布特性分析在对含气泡水内声传播的研究中"一般将含气泡水视作一种均匀的介质"运用多重散射法!^?K 17I K 0X L S A 110N 79:*I I N /A S H #和连续介质法![/9179??O D H 0/N P#+!%,加以研究$在气泡幕发生装置产生气泡形成连续介质过程中"气泡分布可分为对称分布!正态#和不对称分布两种$4-<A Q 78L +!+,%W -a /h +!(,和<-D -B A 7N 8+!,,等人所做的许多气泡实验测量结果表明"水中气泡群分布函数倾向于后者"即不对称分布"并且基本符合泊松!]/7L L /9#分布$在泊松分布的情况下"气泡的分布函数可以写为*!V #X F $V >0Y >V V$!!#F $X*F#{$%&.V &Z >0Y >V 'V $8V !"#式中">%V $是两个分布常数"V 是气泡在泊松分布条件下的期望半径"*!V #是对于其气泡期望半径的离散程度"*F为气泡群的体积浓度$!-"!气泡幕声学性能分析应用气泡振动方程可推导出气泡幕的反射系数为S V X !!Y \"!#!0Y D \"J Y 0D\"J #!!Y \!#"0Y D\"J Y !!Z \!#"0D \"J!&#透射系数为S #X !"\!!!Y S V #Z !!Z S V #+,0Y D\"J Y \!!!Y S V #Y !!Z S V #+,0D\"J 120D \$J "!%#式中"\!X \$'\""这里\$是不含气泡的均匀液体!水#中的波数"\"是二相介质的等效复波数"\"X /=""气泡振动频率/X !V &%%$0槡!%为气体的比热比"%$为泡内的静压力"0为液体密度#"="X !0","槡"0"为气液混合密度"等效复压缩率,"X ,$Y #{$*!V #*7*%8V "*7*%为半径为V 气泡的压缩率",$为期望半径气泡的压缩率$从!!#%!"#%!&#和!%#式可以看出"气幕反射系数S V 和透射系数S #与气幕中的气泡半径V %分布特性>%体积浓度*F以及气幕厚度J 等有关$固定*F%>和J 值"气泡半径变化V 对透射率!插入损失#的影响如图!和图"所示$图!!气泡半径变化对插入损失的影响a 7:-!!W @@0S 1/@J ?J J K 0N A 87?L S H A 9:0/979L 0N 17/9K /L L 可见"通过调控气泡幕中气泡尺度参数"可提高气泡幕的隔声效果$本文针对此规律"开展气泡幕发生装置的参数设计"以定孔距变孔径为设计原*,"!*海洋工程装备与技术第!$卷图"!气泡尺度分布特性对插入损失的影响a 7:-"!W @@0S 1/@J ?J J K 0L 7U 087L 1N 7J ?17/9S H A N A S 10N 7L 17S L /979L 0N 17/9K /L L则"实现尽量均匀的气泡幕发生效果$!气泡幕发生装置定孔距变孔径设计"-!!基本假设为了能够使气泡幕发生装置排气效果均匀"设计遵循的基本假设是(在单位面积上"排气量相等$以此为原则"可实现气泡发生装置排气孔的定孔距变孔径设计$"-"!理论推导该原则下"孔间距相等"各孔径!面积#不等"保证各孔流量相等$根据基本假设"每个孔的流量为_X_$)*!+#其中"_$是入口总流量")%*是开孔行列数$第/行%第D 列孔的喷气流速为7/DX '"03/!@/D Y @3/槡#"!(#其中"'是孔口流量系数"03/是第/行孔气体排出后获得7/D 速度时的密度"@/D是第/行%第D 列孔处的气体压力"@3/是第/行孔处的海水静压$理想气体状态方程为03/X h @3/!,#@/D X !Z #&"/D!#@3/!.#其中"#X h _"$")"*"'"$由不可压缩流体伯努利方程有@/Z !"D Z 0/Z !"D j "/Z !"D "X @/D Z 0/D j "/D "Z +@/D !'#其中"+@/D是第D 列%第/行至/f !行孔两断面间的沿程阻力"j /D%j /Z !"D是第D 列上第/%/f !行孔处的通气管内气体流速$由均匀排气假设"有j /D X_/D -/X _$/D )*-/j /Z !"D X_/Z !"D-/f !X _$!/Z !#D )*-/f!!!$#其中"-/是通气管内第/行孔处的气体垂直宏观流向等效横截面积$沿程阻力为#@/D X#2*v!$1J /*0/D j "/D "8U X 1h @/D _"$/"D "2")"*"!*Y !#-"/J /X12!*Y !#J /-"/#'"/"D "@/D !!!#其中"2是气孔部位整体高度"1是沿程阻力系数"J /是当前位置喷管横截面当量直径$将!.#%!!$#%!!!#式带入!'#式"可以得到&/Z !"DX#@c /@c /Z!*!Z !Z 12!*Y !#J /!#/"D "#'"-"/!Z !/Z !#"D "#'"-"/Z!*!Z #&"/D!#Y !槡!!"#给定最远离通气管口端初始行某列开孔面积&!D"即可求出本列各孔面积&/D$同理可得&/"DZ !X#!Z !Z 1k !)Y !#J D !#/"D "#'"-"D!Z /"!D Z !#"#'"-"D Z!*!Z #&"/D!#Y !槡!!&#给定最远离通气管口端初始列某行开孔面积&/!"第%期所俊"等(基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究*,&!*!即可求出本行各孔面积&/D$给定边界条件"可以根据压强公式计算出不同开孔处的压强解析解"进而通过式!!"#%!!&#"计算指定位置的开孔面积"开展开孔设计工作$@!排气过程相分布 排气孔压力有限元计算分析&-!!基本思路按照面积相近以及进气口压力相近原则"分别建立均匀分布排气孔%定孔距变孔径排气孔模式的气泡幕发生装置模型"应用有限元方法计算进气口及其最近排气孔处的压强"验证排气分散效果能否实现均匀分散%增加气液混合面积%优化气泡群分布特性的目的$&-"!均匀分布排气孔模型建立开口扁孔半径为!+O O 的排气装置模型"并划分有限元网格"如图&所示$图&!"T :'L 进气流量均匀分布排气孔方案网格模型a 7:-&!5N 78O /80K /@0h H A ?L 1/N 7@7S 0L S H 0O 0/@?97@/N O87L 1N 7J ?17/9/@"T :'L 791A T 0@K /M 节点数取!&',,&"单元数取,+!,(!$采用两相流^7h 1?N 0模型%\.黏度模型"进气流量取"T :'L "得到气体喷射情况"如图%所示$!A #K z +"(OO!J #K z &,(OO!S #K z ""(OO!8#K z ,(O O图%!均匀分布排气孔模型纵向气相分布情况!K 为距装置底部距离""T :'L 流速#a 7:-%!B /9:71?879A K :A L I H A L 087L 1N 7J ?17/9/@1H 097@/N O K P 87L 1N 7J ?108Q 091O /80K !K 7L 1H 087L 1A 9S 0@N /O1H 0J /11/O/@1H 080Q 7S 0""T :'L @K /MN A 10#"T :'L 流速均匀分布排气孔模型中"下层喷孔与上层喷孔喷射状态非常不均匀"在下层开孔中"甚至出现倒灌的情况"对气体均匀分布不利$进气口压力为!&!+,+-%+$!&"+"%-%+]A "最近排气孔压力为!&!+,+-%+$!&"+"%-%+]A $开孔总面积为!!"!'"-$&O O "$进气口压力与排气管路背压有关$为了保证优化设计不会影响排气管路背压及其他设备参数"后续定孔距变孔径"T :'L 流量分析中"以上述开孔总面积或进气初始位开孔压力为设计依据$*,%!*海洋工程装备与技术第!$卷&-&!定孔距变孔径排气孔模型@E @E >!开孔总面积接近原则以与均匀分布排气孔模型中"T :'L 流量扁孔半径!+O O 情况下的开孔总面积接近为设计原则"由!!"#%!!&#式"得到远端开孔!"'!-,O O ""上下预留($O O "左右预留!.$O O "形成,列%%行%开孔总面积!!""."-"(O O "的开孔阵列$建立此设计排气装置模型"并对其划分有限元网格"如图+所示$图+!"T :'L 流量孔面积接近原则定孔距变孔径方案网格模型a 7:-+!5N 78O /80K /@0h H A ?L 1/N 7@7S 0L S H 0O 0/@@7h 08/N 7@7S 0L I A S 79:A 98Q A N 7A J K 0/N 7@7S 0A N 0A /@"T :'L 791A T 0@K /MM 71H 1H 0I N 79S 7I K 0/@1/1A K /N 7@7S 0A N 0A A I I N /A S H 79:节点数取!(!('&"单元数取.,&"$$$采用两相流^7h 1?N 0模型%\.黏度模型"得到气体喷射情况"如图(所示$与均匀分布排气孔模型相比"该!!!A #K z +%.OO!J #K z %$"OO!S #K z "+,OO!8#K z !""O O图(!孔面积接近原则定孔距变孔径模型纵向气相分布情况!K 为距装置底部距离""T :'L 流量#a 7:-(!B /9:71?879A K :A L I H A L 087L 1N 7J ?17/9/@0h H A ?L 1/N 7@7S 0O /80K /@@7h 08/N 7@7S 0L I A S 79:A 98Q A N 7A J K 0/N 7@7S 0A N 0AM 71H 1H 0I N 79S 7I K 0/@1/1A K /N 7@7S 0A N 0A A I I N /A S H 79:!K 7L 1H 087L 1A 9S 0@N /O1H 0J /11/O/@1H 080Q 7S 0""T :'L @K /MN A 10#模型喷气相对更加均匀"尤其在下层避免了海水倒灌的现象$进气口压力!&&&.(-$.$!&(!$&-.(]A"最近排气孔压力为!&&&.(-$.$!&(!$&-.(]A $与均匀分布排气孔模型相比"进气口以及最近排气孔的压力略高"高出约"-$%c $由上述分析可知"开孔面积接近条件下"进气口以及最近排气孔压力与均匀分布排气孔设计压力基本相当"偏差在"-+,c 以内$@E @E ?!进气初始位开孔压力接近原则根据有限元计算"均匀分布排气孔模型中""T :'L 流量扁孔半径!+O O 情况下"进气初始位开孔的压力是!&!+,+-%+$!&"+"%-%+]A $以此压力为设计原则"可得到比较合理的开孔方式为远端开孔,"$O O ""上下预留($O O "左右预留!.$O O "形成,列%%行%最近排气孔压力!&"$!(-"+]A%开孔总面积""","-%(O O "的开孔阵列$建立此设计排气装置模型"并对其划分有限元网格"如图,所示$第%期所俊"等(基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究*,+!*!图,!"T :'L 流量进气口压力原则定孔距变孔径方案网格模型a 7:-,!5N 78O /80K /@0h H A ?L 1/N 7@7S 0L S H 0O 0/@@7h 08/N 7@7S 0L I A S 79:A 98Q A N 7A J K 0/N 7@7S 0A N 0A /@"T :'L 791A T 0@K /MM 71H 1H 0I N 79S 7I K 0/@I N 0L L ?N 0A I I N /A S H 79:A11H 079717A K I/L 717/9/@1H 0791A T 0A 7N 节点数取"!''++"单元数取!!'&$"+$采用两相流^7h1?N0模型%\.黏度模型"得到气体喷射情况"如图.所示$!A #K z+%(O O!J #K z%$$O O!S #K z "+&O O!8#K z !$,O O图.!进气初始位开孔压力接近原则定孔距变孔径模型纵向气相分布情况!K 为距装置底部距离""T :'L 流量#a 7:-.!B /9:71?879A K :A L I H A L 087L 1N 7J ?17/9/@0h H A ?L 1/N 7@7S 0O /80K /@@7h 08/N 7@7S 0L I A S 79:A 98Q A N 7A J K 0/N 7@7S 0A N 0AM 71H 1H 0I N 79S 7I K 0/@I N 0L L ?N 0A I I N /A S H 79:A 11H 079717A K I/L 717/9/@791A T 0A 7N !K 7L 1H 087L 1A 9S 0@N /O 1H 0J /11/O/@1H 080Q 7S 0""T :'L @K /MN A 10#由上图可见"该设计条件下"开孔面积较小"可形成均匀的气体喷射结构$由计算可知"进气口压力为!'''(.-",$"!!.%+-+.]A "最近排气孔压力为!%$+.!-(,$!+"%+'-$$]A$与解析计算设计最近排气孔压力!&"$!(-"+]A 相比"两者相差约'-'$c $A !排气试验验证按照第&节中的参数"加工模型如图'%!$所示$图'!均匀分布排气模型a 7:-'!)97@/N O K P 87L 1N 7J ?1080h H A ?L 1O /80K 在循环水槽中开展排气试验"观察不同模型排气状况%气泡状态"如图!!%!"所示$主要试验参数见表!$!!"!!海洋工程装备与技术第#$卷图#$!定孔距变孔径排气模型%&'(#$!%&)*+,-&.&/*012/&3'23+42-&256*,-&.&/*2-*2*)72809:,+*6图##!均匀分布排气模型排气情况%&'(##!;)728090&9829&,3,.83&.,-:6<+&09-&589*+*)7289:,+*6图#=!定孔距变孔径排气模型排气情况%&'(#=!;)728090&9829&,3,..&)*+,-&.&/*012/&3'23+42-&256*,-&.&/*2-*2*)72809:,+*6表!!试验参数"#$%!!"&'()#*+,#-#)&(&-'>2-2:*9*-0?292%68:*+*197":#("@,99,:,-&.&/*+*197":#(A B C 29*-.6,D-29*"#:E"7$E $$!!观察两模型的排气情况%在相同排气条件下&各考察#$$$个气泡&均匀排气模式可见气泡平均直径约为!(F B ::&中位直径约为B (A !::&方差约为$(!B ::=&最下层排气孔基本未排气'定孔距变孔径排气模式可见气泡平均直径约为E (=A::&中位直径约为=(!B::&方差约为$(E E::=&最下层排气孔能与上层气孔一样保持均匀排气%定孔距变孔径排气模型排气效果明显优于均匀排气模型%.!结!论本文对气泡幕发生装置开孔规律进行了理论推导和分析&通过仿真和试验验证的方式比较了不同方案的量化效果%##$水中气泡群分布函数基本符合泊松分布%通过调控气泡幕中气泡尺度参数&可提高气泡幕的隔声效果%#=$依据单位面积排气量相等原则开展定孔距变孔径设计%在开孔面积接近条件下&进气口以及最近排气孔压力与均匀分布排气孔设计压力基本相当&偏差在=(B !G 以内'在进气初始位开孔压力接近条件下&进气口压力与解析计算相比相差约F (F $G %#E$在相同排气条件下&定孔距变孔径排气模型排气效果明显优于均匀排气模型%参考文献(#)张华武&胡以怀&张春林(船舶水下噪声对海洋动物的影响及控制探讨(H )(航海技术&=$#E &#E $*A B A !((=)I &332*-9IJ K 3I 80&/26L &-M 58556*023+N ,83+0,.O 833&3'C 29*-P H Q J >7&6J I 2'J R #F E E R ="S =E B J (E )王红艳&张法星&刘昶(燕尾坎挑流消能噪声的影响因素分析(H )(水电能源科学&=$#F &==T #$T $*#=#B ((A )陆遐龄&梁向前&胡光川&等(水中爆破的理论研究与实践(H )(爆破&=$$"&#=$*=E =T ((B )杜志鹏&张磊&谌勇&等(泡沫覆盖层对水下爆炸气泡射流防护机理缩比试验研究(H )(应用数学和力学&=$==&A E #B $*B "FB !"((")徐是雄&林晨宇&罗佳&等(鲢幼鱼对不同气量气泡幕的趋避行为(H )(水生态学杂质&=$#T &##$*!=!T ((!)张文光&王虹斌(水中气泡幕声衰减研究(U )(第四届船舶水噪第A期所俊&等*基于定孔距变孔径分布的水下二维排气开孔模式研究!!!!!!声学术交流会&#F F#&#=((T)清河美&那仁满都拉(不同类型气泡组成的混合泡群声空化特性(H)(物理学报&=$=$&"F##T$*E$$E$F((F)钱祖文(水中气泡之间的声相互作用(H)(物理学报&#F T#&E$#E$*A A=A A!((#$);66*-LV J?2:1&3'U,3092390,.>86029&3'@8556*0P H Q J H J L/,809J N,/J L:J R#F!$R W A!X S#A"F#A!$JP##Q Y&23Z J N,83+>-,12'29&,3&32I*+&8:U,392&3&3'@8556*0 23+97*N16&99&3',.97*O*0,323/*>*2[P H Q J H J N,83+\]&5J R #F F E R#"T W=X S E=!J(#=)金良安&何升阳&张志友&等(传热传质耦合影响的水中气泡上浮特性研究(H)(工程热物理学报&=$#F&A$#B$*##A E##B$((#E)C29*-:23>U J^*D%,-:8629&,3,.L/,809&/N/299*-&3'P H Q JH J L/,809J N,/J L:J R#F"F R W A B X S#A#!#A=F J(#A)范雨拮&李海森&徐超&等(气泡线性振动时近海面气泡群的声散射(H)(声学学报&=$#F&A A#E$*E#=E=$((#B)?24&+0^R_78-09,3;`J_7*L/,809&/26V:1*+23/*,.2 @8556<I&)98-*23+&90N&a*?&09-&589&,3%83/9&,3P H Q J H J L/,809J N,/J L:J R#F B$R W==X S=$E E JP#"Q%,)%;RU8-6*<N O Rb2-0,3`N J>720*]*6,/&9<23+ L50,-19&,3I*208-*:*390&3C29*-U,392&3&3'L&-@8556*0 P H Q J H J L/,809J N,/J L:J R#F B B R W=!X S B E A B E F JP#!Q b2&-+?_Rc*3+&'>IJL99*3829&,3,.N,83+&3C29*-U,392&3&3'L&-@8556*0P H Q J H JL/,809J N,/JL:J R#F B=R W=A X S=F E=J。

肺结核患者血清IL一17A的临床意义

肺结核患者血清IL一17A的临床意义

肺结核患者血清IL一17A的临床意义摘要:目的通过检测肺结核患者血清IL一17 A含量来分析其临床意义。

方法随机选择50例肺结核患者作为实验组,分为治疗前后治疗后两个组,随机选择50例健康人最为观察组,ELISA检测3个组外周血血清IL-17A含量,并分析其意义。

结果肺结核患者血清IL-17A含量明显高于健康志愿者。

常规化疗药物治疗前PTB患者血清IL-17A含量明显高于治疗后。

痰涂结核菌反应阳性PTB患者血清IL-17A明显高于阴性患者。

结论 IL-17A在抗结核免疫过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词:肺结核;白介素17A;血清结核病(tuberculosis,TB)目前全球感染TB患者约20亿人,且每年新出现TB患者约800万~1 000万,年死亡人数约为200万~300万,其主要由结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)感染引起,严重危害人的身心健康的慢性传染病[1]。

我国是TB高负担国家,TB年发病人数约为130万,年死亡人数达13万,寻找有效的途径控制TB的发病率和病死率是我国当今需面临的问题。

MTB感染宿主后,宿主对MTB的免疫反应在其发病、临床过程和转归上具有特殊意义[2]。

因此,本文以肺结核(pulmonary tuberculosis,PTB)患者为研究对象,通过ELISA检测PTB患者血清IL-17A,探讨IL-17A在TB 发生、发展中的意义,为寻求新的诊断、治疗手段提供一定实验基础。

1材料与方法1.1研究资料选取2013年3月至2015年3月于我院经中华人民共和国卫生行业标准WS 288—2008 PTB诊断标准确诊为PTB的患者50例,年龄20~70岁,平均年龄(42.55±2.23)岁,其中男性25例,女性25例;痰涂片检查MTB阳性27例,阴性23例。

所有病例均为新发病例,均无其他免疫相关性或免疫性疾病,且4个月内未使用过激素及免疫抑制剂。

AZ 17 产品说明书

AZ 17 产品说明书

DataOrdering dataProduct type descriptionAZ 17-11ZRK-ST Article number (order number)101140774EAN (European Article Number)4030661119731eCl@ss number, Version 9.027-27-26-02eCl@ss number, Version 11.027-27-26-02Approval - StandardsCertificates BGcULusCCCEAC CNCAGeneral dataProduct nameAZ 17Coding level according to ISO 14119Low Enclosure materialPlastic, glass-fibre reinforced thermoplastic, self-extinguishing Material of the contacts, electricalSilver Gross weight 85 g General data - Featureshigher Latching force Yes AZ17-11ZRK-STLong lifeSmall bodyMultiple codingDouble-insulated8 actuating planesInsensitive to soiling30 mm x 78.5 mm x 30 mmThermoplastic enclosure Connector M12 x 1, 4-pole High level of contact reliability with low voltages and currentsNumber of auxiliary contacts1Number of safety contacts1Safety appraisalStandards EN ISO 13849-1Mission Time20 Year(s)Safety appraisal - Safety outputsB10d Normally-closed contact (NC)2,000,000 OperationsB10d Normally open contact (NO)1,000,000 Operationsand ohmic loadNote (B10d Normally open contact (NO))at 10% IeMechanical dataMechanical life, minimum1,000,000 OperationsLatching force30 Npositive break travel11 mmPositive break force, minimum17 NActuating speed, maximum 2 m/sMechanical data - Connection techniqueTerminal Connector Connector plug M12, 4-pole, (A-coding) Mechanical data - DimensionsLength of sensor30 mmWidth of sensor30 mmHeight of sensor78.5 mmAmbient conditionsDegree of protection IP 67 to IEC/EN 60529Ambient conditions - Insulation valueRated insulation voltage U250 Vi4 kVRated impulse withstand voltage UimpElectrical dataThermal test current10 AUtilisation category AC-15230 VACUtilisation category AC-15 4 AUtilisation category DC-1324 VDCUtilisation category DC-13 4 ASwitching element NO contact, NC contactSwitching principle Creep circuit element Scope of deliveryIncluded in delivery Actuators must be ordered separately.Slot cover for dust-proof covering of the opening not in useNotesNote (General)Individual coding available on request Ordering codeProduct type description:AZ 17-(1)Z(2)K-(3)-(4)-(5)(1)111 NO contacts/1 NC contact022 NC contact(2)without Latching force 5 NR Latching force 30 N(3)without M16 cable gland2243Front cable entry2243-1Rear cable entryST M12 connector, 4 pole(4)1637Gold-plated contacts(5)5M Cable length 5 m6M Cable length 6 mPicturesProduct picture (catalogue individual photo)ID: kaz17f17| 106,0 kB | .png | 74.083 x 160.161 mm - 210 x 454Pixel - 72 dpi| 651,2 kB | .jpg | 221.192 x 478.367 mm - 627 x 1356Pixel - 72 dpiDimensional drawing basic componentID: kaz17g03| 265,7 kB | .jpg | 352.778 x 626.533 mm - 1000 x1776 Pixel - 72 dpi| 44,7 kB | .cdr || 8,1 kB | .png | 74.083 x 131.586 mm - 210 x 373Pixel - 72 dpiSwitch travel diagramID: kaz17s01| 52,6 kB | .jpg | 352.778 x 125.236 mm - 1000 x 355Pixel - 72 dpi| 2,0 kB | .png | 74.083 x 26.458 mm - 210 x 75 Pixel -72 dpi| 19,6 kB | .cdr |DiagramID: kaz17k03| 104,8 kB | .jpg | 352.778 x 369.358 mm - 1000 x1047 Pixel - 72 dpi| 18,6 kB | .cdr |K.A. Schmersal GmbH & Co. KG, Möddinghofe 30, D-42279 WuppertalThe details and data referred to have been carefully checked. Images may diverge from original. Further technical data can be found in the manual. Technical amendments and errors possible.Generated on 24/05/2021 04:38:39。

黑+德克尔和波世通锂离子电池包说明书

黑+德克尔和波世通锂离子电池包说明书

Product Identifier: Detachable Battery PacksBLACK+DECKER(7 Volt) - VPX0111(10.8 Volt) - BL1110, BL1310, BL1510, BL1512, BK1512(12 Volt Max) - LB12, LBX12, LBXR12, LBXR1512, BCB001, BDCB12B,BDCB12UC, BDCB12U(14.4 Volt) - A1114L, A1514L, BL1114, BL1314, BL1514(16 Volt Max) - LB16, LBX16, LBXR16(18 Volt) - A1518L, A1118L, LB018, BL1118, BL1318, BL1518, BL1518ST,BL2018, BL2018ST, BL2518, BL4018, BL5018(20 Volt Max) - LB20, LBX20, LBXR20, LBXR2020, LB2X4020, LBXR20BT,LBXR2520, LB2X3020, LD120BAT(36 Volt) - BL1336, BL1536, BL2036, BL20362, BL2536(40 Volt Max) - LBXR36, LBX1540, LBXR2036, LBX2040, LBX2540(18 Volt/54 Volt) - BL1554(20V Max/60 Volt Max) - LBX1560BOSTITCH(3.6 Volt) - 9B12070R, 9B12072R(12/10.8 Volt) - 9R201436, 9R201498, 9R209111, 9R209775(18 Volt) - BCB182, BCB183, BTCB182, BTCB183, BTC480L(20 Volt) - BCB203, BCB204CRAFTSMAN(20 Volt) – CMCB201, CMCB2011, CMCB202, CMCB204, CMCB205(40 Volt) – CMCB98025, CMCB98026, CMCB98027(60 Volt Max) – CMCB6025 Battery pack is considered 3 batteries each with arating of 50 Wh when not inserted in a tool or a chargerCMCB6050 Battery pack is considered 3 batteries each with arating of 100 Wh when not inserted in a tool or a chargerD E WALT(8 Volt) - DCB080(10.8 Volt) - DCB121, DCB123, DCB125, DCB127(12 Volt Max) - DCB120, DCB127(14.4 Volt) - DC9140, DE9140, DE9141, DC9144, DCB140, DCB141, DCB142,DCB143, DCB144, DCB145(18 Volt) - DC9180, DE9180, DC9181, DE9181, DC9182, DE9182, DCB180,DCB181, DCB182, DCB183, DCB183B, DCB184, DCB184B,DCB185, DCB187(20 Volt Max) - DCB200, DCB201, DCB203, DCB203BT, DCB204, DCB204BT,DCB205, DCB205BT, DCB207, DCB230, DCB240(18 Volt/54 Volt) - DCB546 with Transport Cap. Battery pack is considered 3batteries each having a Wh rating of 36 Wh with Transport Cap inplace,DCB547 with Transport Cap. Battery pack is considered 3 batterieseach having a Wh rating of 54 Wh with Transport Cap in place(18 volt / 54 Volt) – DCB548 with Transport Cap. Battery pack is considered 3batteries each having a Wh rating of 72 Wh with Transport Cap inplace,(20Volt Max/60Volt Max) - DCB606 with Transport Cap. Battery pack isconsidered 3 batteries each having a Wh rating of 40 Wh withTransport Cap in placeDCB609 with Transport Cap. Battery pack is considered 3 batterieseach having a Wh rating of 60 Wh with Transport Cap in place,DCB612 with Transport Cap. Battery pack is considered 3 batterieseach having a Wh rating of 80 Wh with Transport Cap in place(28 Volt) - DC9280, DE9280(36 Volt) - DC9360, DE9360, DCB361DuBuis(18 Volt) - AB18LI200S, AB18LI500SFacom(3.6 Volt) E.516ST-30, E.516ST135, E.516ST-340(10.8 Volt) - CL3.BA1015, CL3.BA1020, CL3.CTB.BA(18 Volt) - CL3.BA1815, CL3.BA1830, CL3.BA1820, CL3.BA1840, CL3.BA1850(19.2 Volt) - CL2.BA19MAC Tools(12 Volt Max) - MB120, MB127, MBR127(20 Volt Max) - MB200, MB201, MB203, MB204, MB205, MBR203, MBR204,MBR205(10.8V) - MB120-UK, MB127-UK, MBR127-UK(18 Volt) - MB200-UK, MB201-UK, MBR183-UK, MBR184-UKPOP(18 Volt) - EBC180, EBC181, EBC182, EBC183, EBC184PORTER-CABLE(12 Volt) - PC12BL, PC12BLX, PC12BLXLW (18 Volt) - PC18BL, PC18BLX, PC18BLEX(20 Volt Max) - PCC680L, PCC681L, PCC685L, PCC682L, PCC683LSidchrome(10.8 Volt) - SCMT90050, SCMT90053(18 Volt) - SCMT90051, SCMT90052, SCMT90056Stanley FatMax(10.8 Volt) - FMC085L, FMC086L, SCB12S, SB12S(12 Volt Max) - FMC080L, SB12S(14.4 Volt Max) - FMC585L(18/20 Volt) - FMC680L, FMC684L, FMC685L, FMC686L, FMC687L, FMC688L,FMC689L, SB20C, SCB20C, SB20S, SB20D, SCB20D, STBL182L,STBL184L, SCB20M, SFMCB201, SFMCB202, SFMCB204(18 Volt/54 Volt) – SFMCB6025. Battery pack is considered 3 batteries eachhaving a Wh rating of 45 Wh.(18 Volt/54 Volt) – SFMCB605. Battery pack is considered 3 batteries each havinga Wh rating of 90 WhTucker(18 Volt) – SCB182, SCB183, SCB184Alemite(20 Volt) – 343291, 343521John Deere(20 Volt) – TY27458Lincoln(12 Volt) – 1261(20 Volt) – 1871, 1872SKF(20 Volt) – 280151, TLGB 20-2Integral Battery Packs (contained within products, non-removable)3.6 Volt – SW9007+, EPP36L15+, BDCSFL20BP, BDCSFS30BP, ORB36+, N5065077.2 Volt- DB72L+, ORB72L+, MPP72L+, EPP72L15D+, EPP72L20D+, G9L72+,SW9007A+, AEPP72L+8 Volt – 18650-2S10.8 Volt – DB108L+, 315LPF+, MPP108L+, MPP108LP+, G9L108+, FL108+, G95L108+,PH108L+, G3L108+, EPP108PVX12 Volt – G11L315++, G11L320++, G11L325++14.4 Volt – DB144L+, 415LPF+, MPP144L+, G2L144+, G3L144+, G9L144+16 Volt – G11L415++18 Volt – DB18L+, FV18L+, 515LPF+, MPP18L+, BFH18L+, BFS18L+, G2L18+, G3L18+,G9L18+, BFH18+, BFS18+, G11L520++, G11L525++, BF525++21.6 Volt – HPP6CL+, BF620L+, BF625L+25.2 Volt – BF720L+, BF725L+32.4 Volt – HPP9CL+Note: + can be replaced by additional letters or numbers.Notes: 1. A suffix following Catalog Number (i.e., “-XJ”) may be used to designate end market.2. Batteries may be shipped in kits with the products they are intended to power.Manufacturer Name: Stanley Black & DeckerManufacturer Address: 1000 Stanley DriveNew Britain, CT 06053Phone Number: +1-860-225-5111Emergency Phone Number: Chemtrec: +1 703-741-5970 / +1-800-424-9300Recommended Use: To power Stanley Black & Decker productsUses advised against: See instruction manual provided with product.These batteries are not considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR1910.1200). The batteries referenced in this document are considered “Articles,” not “Materials,” as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s Hazard Communication Standard, and as such are exempted from the requirements to publish MSDS sheets per the Code of Federal Regulations 29 CFR 1910.1200 (b)(6)(v). The hazards indicated below cover the abnormal situation where a battery ruptures.GHS Label elements, including precautionary statementsEmergency OverviewSignal Word DangerHazard StatementsHarmful if swallowedHarmful in contact with skinFatal if inhaledCauses severe skin burns and eye damageMay cause an allergic skin reactionMay cause cancerMay damage fertility or the unborn childMay cause respiratory irritationCauses damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposureThis product is an article (battery) which contains chemical substances. Intended use of the product should not result in exposure to the chemical substances. In case of rupture, the above hazards exist.Appearance S olid P hysical state S olid Odor NoneThis battery is an article as defined by 29 CFR 1910.1200. Exposure to hazardous ingredients is not anticipated under normal product use.Composition of organic carbonates in the electrolyte solvent varies.Flush eyes with lukewarm water for at least 30 minutes while holding the eyelids open. Seek immediate medical care. First Aid: SkinRemove contaminated clothing, shoes and leather goods. Flush with water for at least 30 minutes. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.First Aid: IngestionNever give anything by mouth if victim is unconscious. Rinse mouth thoroughly water. Do not inducevomiting. Seek immediate medical attention.First Aid: InhalationRemove person to fresh air away from source of contamination.See Section 9 for Flammability Properties.Battery cells may rupture when exposed to excessive heat. Electrolyte solution is flammable. Hazardous Combustion ProductsMay release toxic fumes if burned or exposed to fire.Extinguishing MediaUse appropriate extinguishing agent for surrounding fire. For damaged or ruptured cells, use Class Dextinguisher or other appropriate agent. Class C fire extinguishers should be used to extinguish electrical fires. Do not use water to extinguish electrical or ruptured cell related fires.Fire Fighting Equipment/InstructionsFirefighters should wear full protective gear.NFPA Ratings: Health: 0 Fire: 0 Reactivity: 0Hazard Scale: 0 = Minimal 1 = Slight 2 = Moderate 3 = Serious 4 = SevereStop the flow of material, if this is without risk.Clean-Up ProceduresAbsorb spill with inert material. Shovel material into appropriate container for disposal. Clean spill area with detergent and water; collect wash water for proper disposal.Evacuation ProceduresIsolate area. Keep unnecessary personnel away.Special ProceduresAvoid skin contact with the spilled material.Avoid damaging or rupturing battery.Storage ProceduresStore in a dry location at room temperature. Avoid extreme heat or fire. Keep out of reach of children.ACGIH, OSHA, and NIOSH have not developed exposure limits for any of this product's components. Engineering ControlsNot necessary under normal product use conditions.PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Personal Protective Equipment: Eyes/FaceNot necessary under normal product use conditions. Wear safety glasses if handling a damaged battery. Personal Protective Equipment: SkinNot necessary under normal product use conditions. Wear neoprene or natural rubber gloves whenhandling a damaged battery.Personal Protective Equipment: RespiratoryNot necessary under normal product use conditions.Personal Protective Equipment: GeneralEyewash fountains and emergency showers are required.Appearance: Various shaped battery Odor: NonePhysical State: Solid pH: NAVapor Pressure: NA Vapor Density: NABoiling Point: NA Melting Point: NASolubility (H2O): Insoluble Specific Gravity: NAEvaporation Rate: NA VOC: NAOctanol/H2O Coeff.: NA Flash Point: NAFlash Point Method: NA Upper Flammability Limit (UFL): NA Lower Flammability Limit (LFL): NA Burning Rate: NAAuto Ignition: NAChemical StabilityThis is a stable material.Chemical Stability: Conditions to AvoidAvoid exposure to elevated temperatures and fire.Incompatibility NotAvailable.Hazardous DecompositionMay release toxic fumes if burned or exposed to fire.Possibility of Hazardous Reactions NotAvailable.Acute Dose EffectsIf product is ruptured, material may cause irritation to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract.B: Component Analysis - LD50/LC50No LD50/LC50's are available for this product's components.Carcinogenicity A: General Product InformationNo information available for the product.B: Component CarcinogenicityNone of this product's components are listed by ACGIH, IARC, OSHA, NIOSH, or NTP.EcotoxicityNo information available for the product.B: Component Analysis - Ecotoxicity - Aquatic ToxicityNo ecotoxicity data are available for this product's components.Component Waste NumbersNo EPA Waste Numbers are applicable for this product's components.Disposal InstructionsRecycle battery. Do not dispose of in water bodies or sewer system. All wastes must be handled inaccordance with local, state and federal regulations.See Section 7 for Handling Procedures. See Section 8 for Personal Protective Equipmentrecommendations.standards which include UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods; the 61st Edition of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations and US DOT requirements. Cells and Batteries have been tested to section 38.3 of the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Manual of Tests and Criteria. All the batteries listed in this Safety Data Sheet are less than or equal to 100 Wh; therefore, air shipment of up to 2 batteries without equipment in a package can be shipped as an “excepted” quantity and does not require being shipped as a fully regulated Class 9 Hazardous Material. If more than 2 batteries without equipment are being shipped in one package, using air transportation, then the package is considered a fully regulated shipment and must meet the more stringent documentation, marking, and labeling requirements. All air shipments of lithium ion batteries without equipment require the state of charge of the battery to be no greater than 30% of the rated design capacity and are banned from shipment on passenger aircraft (Cargo Aircraft Only).Batteries AloneUN3480, Lithium Ion BatteriesAir Shipments (IATA) – Packing Instruction 965 (Section IB for greater than 2 batteries per package, Section II for less than or equal to 2 batteries per package)Sea Shipments (IMDG Code, 2018 Edition (including amendment 39-18)– Special Provision 188Europe Road Transportation (ADR) – Special Provision 188US Road Transportation (DOT) – 49 CFR 173.185(c)Batteries with or in EquipmentUN3481, Lithium Ion Batteries packed with equipment OR Lithium Ion Batteries contained in equipment.Air Shipments (IATA) – Packing Instruction 966 or 967, Section IISea Shipments (IMDG Code, 2018 Edition (including amendment 39-18) – Special Provision 188Europe Road Transportation (ADR) – Special Provision 188US Road Transportation (DOT) – 49 CFR 173.185(c)All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List.B: Component AnalysisNone of these products components are listed under SARA Section 302 (40 CFR 355 Appendix A), SARA Section 313 (40 CFR 372.65), or CERCLA (40 CFR 302.4).State Regulations A: General Product InformationNo additional information available.B: Component Analysis - StateNone of this product's components are listed on the state lists from CA, MA, MN, NJ, PA, or RI. Canadian WHMIS InformationA: General Product InformationThis product has been classified in accordance with the hazard criteria of the Controlled ProductsRegulations.B: Component Analysis - WHMIS IDLNo components are listed in the WHMIS IDL.Additional Regulatory InformationNoneOther InformationThe information herein is presented in good faith and believed to be accurate as of the effective date given.However, no warranty, expressed or implied, is given. It is the buyer's responsibility to ensure that itsactivities comply with Federal, State or provincial, and local laws.Key/LegendEPA = Environmental Protection Agency; TSCA = Toxic Substance Control Act; ACGIH = AmericanConference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; IARC = International Agency for Research on Cancer;NIOSH = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NTP = National Toxicology Program;OSHA = Occupational Safety and Health Administration., NJTSR = New Jersey Trade Secret Registry, WHMIS = Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (Canada)。

AP1117Y33A中文资料

AP1117Y33A中文资料

AP1117Features- 1.4V maximum dropout at full load current - Fast transient response - Output current limiting - Built-in thermal shutdown - Packages: SOT223, TO263, TO252, TO220, SOT89- Good noise rejection- 3-Terminal Adjustable or Fixed 1.5V, 1.8V, 1.9V, 2.5V, 3.3V, 5.0VApplications- PC peripheral - CommunicationGeneral DescriptionAP1117 is a low dropout positive adjustable or fixed-mode regulator with minimum of 1A output current capability. The product is specifically designed to provide well-regulated supply for low voltage IC applications such as high-speed bus termination and low current 3.3V logic supply. AP1117 is also well suited for other applications such as VGA cards. AP1117 is guaranteed to have lower than 1.4V dropout at full load current making it ideal to provide well-regulated outputs of 1.25 to 5.0 with 6.4V to 12V input supply.Ordering InformationAP 1117X XX X XLow Dropout RegulatorPackageVout E : SOT223-3L K : TO263-3L D : TO252-3L T : TO220-3L Y : SOT89-3LBlank : ADJ 15 : 1.5V 18 : 1.8V 19: 1.9V 25 : 2.5V 33 : 3.3V 50 : 5.0VPackingBlank : Tube A : TapingLead Free Blank : Normal L : Lead Free PackageTypical Circuit C2100uF5V3.3V/1A Tab is VoutVin Vout GNDC1100uF( 5V/3.3V fixed output ) R1121R2121C2100uF5V2.5V/1ATab is VoutVin Vout AdjC1100uFoV ( 5V/2.5V ADJ output ))12REF o R R (1 V V +∗=Note:ΩΩAP1117Connection Diagram3 PIN SOT223 3 PIN TO252 / TO2633 PIN TO220Vin Vout Adj (GND)Tab is Vout( Top View )321Vin VoutAdj (GND)Tab is VoutTab is VoutVin Vout Adj (GND)( Top View )3 PIN SOT89Adj (GND)Vout Vin 321132Tab is Vout321Block Diagram3Thermal Shutdown12VoutAdj1.25V++CURRENT LIMITVin-+-+1GND (FIXED)AP1117Pin DescriptionsNAMEI/OPIN #FUNCTIONAdj (GND) I 1A resistor divider from this pin to the Vout pin and ground sets theoutput voltage. (Ground only for Fixed-Mode)Vout O2 The output of the regulator. A minimum of 10uF capacitor (0.15Ω≤ ESR ≤ 20Ω) must be connected from this pin to ground to insurestability.Vin I 3The input pin of regulator. Typically a large storage capacitor (0.15Ω ≤ ESR ≤ 20Ω) is connected from this pin to ground to insure that the input voltage does not sag below the minimumdropout voltage during the load transient response. This pin must always be 1.3V higher than Vout in order for the device to regulate properly.Absolute Maximum RatingsSymbolParameterRatingUnitVin DC Supply Voltage -0.3 to 12VP D Power Dissipation Internally Limited T ST Storage Temperature-65 to +150 o C T OPOperating Junction Temperature Range0 to +150o CAP1117Electrical Characteristics (Under Operating Conditions) PARAMETERCONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITReference Voltage AP1117-ADJ T J =25oC,(V IN -OUT )=1.5VI O =10mA1.225 1.250 1.275 VAP1117-1.5I OUT = 10mA, T J = 25o C,3V ≦V IN ≦12V1.470 1.500 1.530 V AP1117-1.8I OUT = 10mA, T J = 25oC,3.3V ≦V IN ≦12V1.764 1.800 1.836 V AP1117-1.9I OUT = 10mA, T J = 25o C,3.3V ≦V IN ≦12V1.862 1.900 1.938 V AP1117-2.5I OUT = 10mA, T J = 25o C,4V ≦V IN ≦12V2.450 2.500 2.550 V AP1117-3.3I OUT = 10mA, T J = 25o C,4.8V ≦V IN ≦12V3.235 3.300 3.365 V Output VoltageAP1117-5.0 I OUT = 10mA, T J = 25o C,6.5V ≦V IN ≦12V4.9005.000 5.100 VLine Regulation AP1117-XXX I O =10mA,V OUT +1.5V<V IN <12V,T J =25o C0.2 %AP1117-ADJ V IN =3.3V,Vadj=0,0mA<Io<1A,T J =25o C (Note 1,2) 1 %AP1117-1.5 V IN =3V, 0mA<Io<1A,T J =25o C (Note 1,2) 12 15 mVAP1117-1.8V IN =3.3V, 0mA<Io<1A,T J =25o C (Note 1,2) 15 18 mV AP1117-1.9 V IN =3.3V, 0mA<Io<1A,T J =25o C (Note 1,2) 16 19 mV AP1117-2.5 V IN =4V, 0mA<Io<1A,T J =25o C (Note 1,2)20 25 mVAP1117-3.3 V IN = 5V, 0≦I OUT ≦1A,T J =25oC (Note 1,2) 26 33 mV Load RegulationAP1117-5.0V IN = 8V, 0≦I OUT ≦1A,T J =25o C (Note 1,2)40 50 mV Dropout Voltage (V IN -V OUT ) AP1117-ADJ/1.5/1.8/1.9/2.5/3.3/5.0I OUT = 1A ,∆V OUT =0.1%V OUT1.3 1.4 V Current Limit AP1117-ADJ/1.5/1.8/1.9/2.5/3.3/5.0(V IN -V OUT ) = 5V 1. 1 AMinimum Load Current AP1117-XXX0o C ≦Tj ≦125o C 5 10 mA Thermal Regulation T A =25oC, 30ms pulse 0.008 0.04 %/WF=120Hz,C OUT =25uF Tantalum, I OUT =1ARipple RejectionAP1117-XXX V IN =V OUT +3V60 70 dB Temperature Stability I O 10mA 0.5 %JA θThermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient(No heat sink ;No air flow) SOT89 SOT-223 TO-252 TO-220/263 300117 9285OC/W JC θThermal Resistance Junction-to-Case SOT89 : Control Circuitry/Power Transistor SOT-223 : Control Circuitry/Power Transistor TO-263 : Control Circuitry/Power Transistor TO-252 : Control Circuitry/Power Transistor TO-220 : Control Circuitry/Power Transistor 100150.65/2.7 100.65/2.7OC/WNote1: See thermal regulation specifications for changes in output voltage due to heating effects. Line and load regulation are measured at a constantjunction temperature by low duty cycle pulse testing. Load regulation is measured at the output lead = 1/18” from the package. Note2: Line and load regulation are guaranteed up to the maximum power dissipation of 15W. Power dissipation is determined by the difference betweeninput and output differential and the output current. Guaranteed maximum power dissipation will not be available over the full input/output range. Note3: Quiescent current is defined as the minimum output current required in maintaining regulation. At 12V input/output differential the device is guaranteed to regulate if the output current is greater than 10mA.AP1117Typical Performance CharacteristicsTemperature (oC)Percent Change in Output Voltage vs TemperatureO u t p u t V o l t a g e C h a n g e (%)-50-25255075100125150- 2-1.5- 1-0.500. 511.52Input Voltage (V)Line RegulationO u t p u t V o l t a g e D e v i a t i o n (%)0.20.40.60.8124681012TIME (us)Line Transient Response O u t p u t V o l t a g e D e v i a t i o n (m V )I n p u t V o l t a g e (V )-40-20020405.56.57.5Cin=1uFCout=10uF Tantalum020406080100120140160180200TIME (us)Load Transient ResponseL o a d C u r r e n t (A )O u t p u t V o l t a g e D e v i a t i o n (m V )102030405060708090100-1012-20-100102030 C in = 1uFC out = 10 uF Tantalum Preload = 100mATemperature (o C)Load Regulation vs TemperatureO u t p u t V o l t a g e D e v i a t i o n (%)-250255075100125- 1-0.80-0.40-0.200.20I load=800mADropout Voltage vs Output CurrentOutput Current (mA)D r o p o u t V o l t a g e (V )0. 20. 40. 60. 81. 01. 21. 41. 61. 82. 002505007501000Tj = 125 o CTj = 25 o CAP1117Marking Information(1) SOT223-3LX X X1 1 1 7 XOutput Type:1117 : ADJ17-15: 1.5V17-18: 1.8V17-25: 2.5V17-33: 3.3V17-50: 5.0VLogoID CodeMonth:A~L = 01~12Year:(Top view)"2" = 2002"1" = 2001~Blank: normalL: Lead Free Package17-19: 1.9V(2) TO252-3L1 7- 33Output Type:1117: Adjustable17-15: 1.5V17-18: 1.8V17-19: 1.9V17-25: 2.5V17-33: 3.3V17-50: 5.0VLogoID CodeXth Week: 01~52Year:(Top view)"02" = 2002"01" = 2001X X X X X X~Blank: normalL: Lead Free Package (3) TO220-3L1117-33Output Type:1117: ADJ1117-15: 1.5V1117-18: 1.8V1117-19: 1.9V1117-25: 2.5V1117-33: 3.3V1117-50: 5.0VLogoID codeYear:( Top view )"02" = 2002"01" = 2001XX XX X XXth week: 01~52~Blank: normalL: Lead Free Package(5) TO263-3L1117-33Output Type:1117: ADJ1117-15: 1.5V1117-18: 1.8V1117-19: 1.9V1117-25: 2.5V1117-33: 3.3V1117-50: 5.0VLogoID codeYear:( Top view )"02" = 2002"01" = 2001XX XX X XXth week: 01~52~Blank: normalL: Lead Free Package(4) SOT89-3L132Date CodeMonth: A~LYear: 0~9Identification Code( See the table )XXXX X Blank: normalL: Lead Free PackageIdentificationcodeOutput versionDA AP1117-ADJDB AP1117-1.5VDC AP1117-1.8VDG AP1117-1.9VDD AP1117-2.5VDE AP1117-3.3VDF AP1117-5.0VAP1117Package Dimension(1) SOT223H EK DB1e e1ßßBcLA1aSeating PlaneA3.31.66.42.31.21.6Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit: mm) Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In InchesSymbolMin. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.A 1.50 1.65 1.80 0.059 0.065 0.071A1 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.001 0.002 0.003B 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.024 0.028 0.031B1 2.90 - 3.15(Ref.)0.114 - 0.124(Ref.)c 0.28 0.30 0.32 0.0110.012 0.013D 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264E 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146e 2.3 Basic 0.091 Basice1 4.6 Basic 0.181 BasicH 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287L 0.91 1.00 1.10 0.036 0.039 0.043 K 1.50 1.75 2.00 0.059 0.069 0.079 α0° 5o 10° 0° 5o 10° β- 13o - - 13o -AP1117 (2) TO263E eL2bb2DL3LAC2CL11.3315.710.99.1Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit: mm)2.54Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In InchesSymbolMin. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.A 4.06 4.45 4.83 0.160 0.175 0.190b 0.51 0.75 0.99 0.020 0.030 0.039b2 1.14 1.27 1.40 0.045 0.050 0.055C 0.38TYP. 0.015TYP.C2 1.14 1.27 1.40 0.045 0.050 0.055D 8.65 9.15 9.65 0.341 0.360 0.380E 9.65 9.97 10.29 0.380 0.393 0.405e 2.54BSC. 0.100BSC.L 14.61 15.24 15.88 0.575 0.600 0.625 L1 2.28 2.54 2.80 0.090 0.100 0.110 L2 - 1.30 2.92 - 0.0510.115L3 1.27 1.52 1.78 0.050 0.060 0.070AP1117(3) TO252b2E ebL 2e1DL 1HAC 1CA 1SEATING PLANES E E N O T E 2L5.611.05.62.02.25Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit: mm)7.21.2Notes: 1. JEDEC Outline: TO-252 AB2.Mils suggested for positive contact at mounting.Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches SymbolMin. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.A 2.18 2.29 2.39 0.086 0.090 0.094 A1 1.02 1.15 1.27 0.040 0.045 0.050 b 0.61 TYP. 0.024 TYP. b2 5.20 5.35 5.50 0.205 0.211 0.217 C 0.46 0.52 0.58 0.018 0.020 0.023 C1 0.46 0.52 0.58 0.018 0.020 0.023 D 5.33 5.57 5.80 0.210 0.219 0.228 E 6.35 6.58 6.80 0.250 0.259 0.268 e 2.25 BSC. 0.089 BSC. e1 4.50 BSC. 0.177 BSC. H 9.00 9.70 10.40 0.354 0.382 0.409 L 0.51 - - 0.020 - - L1 0.64 0.83 1.02 0.025 0.033 0.040 L2 1.52 1.78 2.03 0.060 0.070 0.080AP1117 (4) TO220AJ1FC S E A T I N G P L A N ED QEL1Lbee1b1ΦPH1Dimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In InchesSymbolMin. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.A 3.55 4.20 4.85 0.140 0.165 0.191b1 1.14 1.46 1.78 0.045 0.057 0.070b 0.51 0.83 1.14 0.020 0.033 0.045C 0.31 0.72 1.14 0.012 0.028 0.045D 14.20 15.35 16.50 0.559 0.604 0.650E 9.70 10.20 10.70 0.382 0.402 0.421e 2.29 2.54 2.79 0.090 0.100 0.110e1 4.83 5.08 5.33 0.190 0.200 0.210F 0.51 0.95 1.40 0.020 0.037 0.055H1 5.84 6.35 6.86 0.230 0.250 0.270 J1 2.03 2.48 2.92 0.080 0.098 0.115 L 12.72 13.72 14.72 0.501 0.540 0.580 L1 3.66 5.00 6.35 0.144 0.197 0.250 øP 3.53 3.81 4.09 0.139 0.150 0.161 Q 2.54 2.98 3.43 0.100 0.117 0.135AP1117Anachip Corp. Rev.1.0 Aug 17, 200411/11(5) SOT89LH EED1e1eADb1bb80(2x)1.7C0.40.92.71.31.950(2x)Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit: mm)1.5Dimensions In MillimetersDimensions In InchesSymbolMin. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.A 1.40 1.50 1.60 0.055 0.059 0.063B 0.36 0.42 0.48 0.014 0.016 0.018 b1 0.41 0.47 0.53 0.016 0.043 0.051C 0.35 0.39 0.43 0.014 0.015 0.017D 4.40 4.50 4.60 0.173 0.177 0.181 D1 1.40 1.60 1.75 0.055 0.062 0.069 e 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122 e1 1.45 1.50 1.55 0.057 0.059 0.061E 2.35 2.48 2.60 0.093 0.098 0.102 HE 3.94 - 4.25 0.155 - 0.167 L 0.80 - 1.20 0.031 - 0.047元器件交易网。

A1117B

A1117B

THERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT DESCRIPTION FEATURESA1117B is a series of low dropout three-terminal regulators with a dropout of 1.3V at 1A load current. A1117B features a very low standby current 2mA compared to 5mA of competitor.Other than a fixed version, V OUT = 1.2V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V and 5V, A1117B has an adjustable version, which can provide an output voltage from 1.25 to 10V with only two external resistors.A1117B offers thermal shut down and current limit functions, to assure the stability of chip and power system. And it uses trimming technique to guarantee output voltage accuracy within ±2%. Other output voltage accuracy can be customized on demand, such as ±1%.The A1117B is available in SOT-223 and TO-252 Packages. ●Other than a fixed version and an adjustableversion, output value can be customized ondemand.●Maximum output current is 1A●Range of operation input voltage: Max 12V ●Standby current: 2mA (typ.)●Line regulation: 0.1%/V (typ.)●Load regulation: 10mV (typ.)●Environment Temperature: -40°C~85°C●Available in SOT-223 and TO-252 Packages APPLICATION●Power Management for Computer MotherBoard, Graphic Card●BLD Monitor and BLD TV●DVD Decode Board●ADSL Modem●Post Regulators for Switching SuppliesORDERING INFORMATION TYPICAL APPLICATIONApplication circuit of A1117B fixed versionNOTE: Input capacitor (C IN=10uF) and Output capacitor(C OUT=10uF) are recommended in all application circuit. Tantalumcapacitor is recommended.THERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT PIN DESCIPTIONTHERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSStresses above may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the Electrical Characteristics is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.RECOMMENDED WORKING CONDITIONSTHERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSIN OUT O A oTHERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICST=25°C unless specified.1.Line RegulationA1117B-ADJ V OUT Vs. V IN 2.Load RegulationA1117B-ADJ V OUT Vs. I OUT3.Dropout VoltageA1117B-ADJ Dropout Vs. I OUT 4.Thermal performance with OTPA1117B-ADJ V OUT Vs. TempTHERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT BLOCK DIAGRAMTHERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT DETAILED DESCRIPTIONA1117B is a series of low dropout voltage, three terminal regulators. Its application circuit is very simple: the fixed version only needs two capacitors and the adjustable version only needs two resistors and two capacitors to work. It is composed of some modules including start-up circuit, bias circuit, bandgap, thermal shutdown, current limit, power transistors and its driver circuit and so on.The thermal shut down modules can assure chip and its application system working safety when the junction temperature is larger than 140°C.The bandgap module provides stable reference voltage, whose temperature coefficient is compensated by careful design considerations. The temperature coefficient is under 100 ppm/°C. And the accuracy of output voltage is guaranteed by trimming technique.TYPICAL APPLICATIONA1117B has an adjustable version and fixed versions (1.2V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V and 5V)Fixed Output Voltage VersionApplication circuit of A1117B fixed version1.Recommend using 10uF tan capacitor as bypass capacitor (C1) for all application circuit.2.Recommend using 10uF tan capacitor to assure circuit stability.Adjustable Output Voltage VersionA1117B-ADJ provides a 1.25V reference voltage. Any output voltage between 1.25V~10V can be achievable by choosing two external resistors (schematic is shown below), R1 and R2THERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMITApplication Circuit of A1117B-ADJThe output voltage of adjustable version follows the equation: V OUT=1.25 x (1+R2/R1) + I ADJ x R2. We can ignore I ADJ because I ADJ (about 50uA) is much less than the current of R1 (about 2~10mA).1.To meet the minimum load current (>10mA) requirement, R1 is recommended to be 125ohm orlower. As A1117B-ADJ can keep itself stable at load current about 2mA, R1 is not allowed to behigher than 625ohm.ing a bypass capacitor (C ADJ) between the ADJ pin and ground can improve ripple rejection.This bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. Theimpedance of C ADJ should be less than R1 to prevent ripple from being amplified. As R1 isnormally in the range of 100Ω~500Ω, the value of C ADJ should satisfy this equation: 1/ (2π x f ripple xC ADJ) <R1.THERMAL CONSIDERATIONSWe have to take heat dissipation into great consideration when output current or differential voltage of input and output voltage is large. Because in such cases, the power dissipation consumed by A1117B is very large. A1117B series uses SOT-223 package type and its thermal resistance is about 20°C/W. And the copper area of application board can affect the total thermal resistance. If copper area is 5cm x 5cm (two sides), the resistance is about 30°C/W. So the total thermal resistance is about 20°C/W + 30°C/W. We can decrease total thermal resistance by increasing copper area in application board. When there is no good heat dissipation copper are in PCB, the total thermal resistance will be as high as 120°C/W, then the power dissipation of A1117B could allow on itself is less than 1W. And furthermore, A1117B will work at junction temperature higher than 125°C under such condition and no lifetime is guaranteed.THERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT PACKAGE INFORMATIONDimension in SOT-223 Package (Unit: mm)THERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMIT Dimension in TO-252 Package (Unit: mm)AiT Semiconductor Inc. A1117B 12V, 1A BIPOLAR LINEAR REGULATOR THERMAL PROTECTION AND 1.2A CURRENT LIMITIMPORTANT NOTICEAiT Semiconductor Inc. (AiT) reserves the right to make changes to any its product, specifications, to discontinue any integrated circuit product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current.AiT Semiconductor Inc.'s integrated circuit products are not designed, intended, authorized, or warranted to be suitable for use in life support applications, devices or systems or other critical applications. Use of AiT products in such applications is understood to be fully at the risk of the customer. As used herein may involve potential risks of death, personal injury, or servere property, or environmental damage. In order to minimize risks associated with the customer's applications, the customer should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.AiT Semiconductor Inc. assumes to no liability to customer product design or application support. AiT warrants the performance of its products of the specifications applicable at the time of sale.。

LM1117 中文PDF资料

LM1117 中文PDF资料

VOUT 22 F
R2 VOUT=VREF x (1+R2/R1)+IADJ x R2
图 2. 典型可调输出电压
注:以上线路及参数仅供参考,实际的应用电路请在充分的实测基础上设定参数。

输出电压变化(%)
典型电气特性曲线
温度稳定性
负载瞬态反应(VOUT=5 V)
可调管脚电流 ( A)
参数符号测试条件最小值典型值最大值单位x1117adj基准电压vrefiout10mavinvout2vtj25c123812501262v10maiout1a14vvinvout10v122512501270x111712iout10mvin32vtj25c1176121224v10maiout1a30vvin10v1152121248x111715iout10mvin35vtj25c148515001515v10maiout1a30vvin10v147015001530x111718iout10mavin38vtj25c178218001818v0iout1a32vvin10v176418001836输出电压voutx111725iout10mavin45vtj25c247525002525v0iout1a39vvin10v245025002550x111733iout10mavin5vtj25c326733003333v0iout1a475vvin10v323533003365x111750iout10mavin7vtj25c49505000505v0iout1a65vvin12v49005000510输出电压温度稳定性tsout03vinminvin12v线性调整rline37mvvoutfixedadjiout10ma负载调整rload10maiout1avoutfixedadj612mviout100ma100120漏失电压vdropiout500ma105125viout1a110130静态电流iq425vvin65v510mafripple120hzvinvout3v纹波抑制比psrr6075dbvripple1vpp可调管脚电流iadj60120a可调管脚电流变化0iout1a14vvinvout10v025a温保点tsd150c限流点ilimit121415ax1117参数符号测试条件最小值典型值最大值单位温度稳定性05长期稳定性tamb125c1000hrs0

富士 FINEPIX J10 J12 数码相机 说明书

富士 FINEPIX J10 J12 数码相机 说明书
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增加以及基础值设计的。

为满足患者全部的营养需求,应考虑添加微量元素以及维
生素。

按患者体重计葡萄糖的最大输注速率为按体重一小时0.25g/kg,氨基酸的输
注速率按体重不宜超过一小时0.1g/kg,脂肪按体重则不超过一小时0.15g/kg。

本品输注速率按患者体重不宜超过一小时3.7ml/kg(相当于0.25g葡萄糖、0.09g氨基
酸、0.13g脂肪/kg)。

推荐输注时间为12~24小时。

为避免可能发生的静脉炎,建议每日更换输液针刺入的位置。

【不良反应】
本品与所有高渗性输液一样,如采用周围静脉输注有可能发生静脉炎。

导致静脉炎
的因素很多,包括输液管类型、直径与长度、输注时间长短、液体的pH和渗透压、感染/静脉被穿刺的次数。

因此建议已输注本品的静脉不再用于其它输液或添加剂注射使用,并建议每日更换输液针刺入的位置。

输注英脱利匹特(脂肪乳注射液)可能会引起体温升高(发生率<3%),偶见寒战、恶心/呕吐(发生率<1%)。

另有输注过程中出现肝功能酶一过性升高的报道。

输注英脱利匹特产生其它不良反应更为罕见。

超敏反应(过敏反应、皮疹、荨麻疹)、呼吸症状(如呼吸急促)、高/低血压、溶血、网织红细胞增多、腹痛、头痛、疲倦、阴茎异常勃起少见报道。

脂肪超载综合症:
脂肪廓清受损后会出现脂肪超载综合症,脂肪超载综合症也会出现在虽以推荐剂量
速率输注,但由于临床情况突然发生改变的患者(如肾功能损伤与感染)。

脂肪超载综合症表现有高脂血症,发热,脂肪浸润,肝肿大,脾肿大,贫血,白细
胞减少症,血小板减少症、凝血机制障碍,昏迷。

若停止输注所有症状通常均可逆
转。

【禁忌】
·对鸡蛋或大豆蛋白或处方中任一成份过敏者
·重度高脂血症
·严重肝功能不全
·严重凝血机制障碍
·先天性氨基酸代谢异常
·严重肾功能不全且无法进行腹透与血透者
·急性休克
·高糖血症(胰岛素治疗超过6单位/小时)
·血电解质(指本品处方中所含有的)水平出现异常升高
·其它一般禁忌(如急性肺水肿,水潴留,失代偿性心功能不全,低渗性脱水)
·吞噬血细胞综合症
·疾病状态处于非稳定期(如严重创伤后期,失代偿性糖尿病,急性心梗,代谢性酸中毒,严重败血症,高渗性昏迷等)
【注意事项】
须经常检测脂肪廓清能力。

推荐检测方法是在输注结束5~6小时后进行。

输注期间血清甘油三酯不宜超过3mmol/L。

水、电解质代谢紊乱(如异常高或低的血清电解质水平)的患者在使用本品前须对有关指标予以纠正。

从中心静脉输注时,由于中心静脉输注可能会增加感染的机会,因此应注意在无菌
条件下进行静脉插管,并且一旦输注过程出现任何异常现象,应立即停止输注。

对脂质代谢受损----如肾功能不全、失代偿性糖尿病、胰腺炎、肝功能损害、甲状腺
功能低下(伴有高脂血症)以及败血症患者,应谨慎使用本品。

如需使用则应密切观察血清甘油三酯浓度。

另外,应监测血糖、血电解质、血浆渗透压、水电解质平衡与酸碱平衡、以及肝功能酶(如碱性磷酸酶、ALT、AST)的情况。

长期输注脂肪,还应检测血细胞计数与凝血状况。

当患者伴有肾功能不全则应密切监测磷与钾的摄入以防产生高磷血症与高钾血症。

根据患者电解质实际水平,可另补充电解质,但应密切监测血电解质变化情况。

对代谢性酸中毒、乳酸酸中毒、细胞供氧不足、血浆渗透压增高的患者应谨慎给予肠外营养。

对有电解质潴留的患者,应谨慎使用本品。

出现过敏性反应(如发热、寒战、皮疹、呼吸困难)的患者应立即停止输注。

由于本品含有脂肪,故在血清脂肪被廓清之前采血监测可能会出现干扰某些实验室指标现象(如胆红素、乳酸脱氢酶、氧饱和度、血红蛋白)。

对大多数患者而言,血清脂肪廓清时间为5~6小时。

静脉输注氨基酸时可能伴有微量元素尿中排出的增加,尤其是锌。

对需要进行长期静脉营养的患者应注意微量元素的补充。

对营养不良患者开始进行营养支持时由于体液的变化,可能会诱发肺水肿、充血性心力衰竭,还可能在24~48小时内出现血钾、血磷、血镁以及血中水溶性维生素浓度的降低,因此在给予静脉营养初期应小心,密切观察并调整液体、电解质、矿物质、与维生素的用量。

禁止本品与输血/血制品同用一根(套)输液管(器)。

如患者出现高糖血症需另外补充胰岛素。

只有在氨基酸溶液与葡萄糖溶液澄清且无色/微黄、脂肪乳溶液呈白色均质状态方可使用本品,使用前需将本品充分混匀。

周围静脉输注:
如采用周围静脉输注高渗溶液有可能发生静脉炎。

影响静脉炎的因素很多,包括输液管类型、直径与长度、输注时间长短、溶液pH与渗透压、感染以及静脉本身操作次数多少。

建议已进行营养支持的静脉不再用于其他输液或添加剂注射使用。

【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】
尚不明确。

【儿童用药】
本品不适宜新生儿与2岁以下婴幼儿使用。

本品是为成人患者设计,儿童蛋白质与能量的单位体重需要量可能会大于【用法用量】项下所列的成人的需要量。

【老年用药】
本品可用于老年患者。

老年患者蛋白质与能量的单位体重需要量可能会小于【用法用量】项下所列的成人的需要量。

或遵医嘱。

【药物相互作用】
只有在相容性得到证实的前提下,且所有的添加操作在严格无菌条件下,其它治疗药物或营养药物方可加入到本品中。

从用药的安全性出发,添加药物后的混合液应立即使用。

如需存放,2~8℃下混合液的放置时间不宜超过24小时。

【药物过量】
当以超过最大推荐输注速率输注时可能会出现恶心、呕吐、出汗。

过量使用还可能
会导致液体负荷加重、电解质紊乱、高血糖、血渗透压升高。

如出现过量使用症状则减慢输注速率或停止输注。

极少数严重患者可能需要血液透
析,血液过滤。

【药理毒理】
未进行该项试验且无可靠参考文献。

【药代动力学】
未进行该项试验且无可靠参考文献。

【贮藏】
25℃下保存,不得冰冻。

包装应完整,如发生破损,不得使用。

使用前须将三腔内液体互相混合。

当开通剥离封条、三腔内液体混合均匀后,混合
液可在25℃下放置24小时。

【包装】
本品有三种包装规格。

多聚复合膜塑料袋装,2400ml/袋,1920ml/袋,1440ml/袋。

【有效期】
24个月
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